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Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wei L, Ma Y, Chen Y, Zhang X. Self-Control, Openness, Personal Need for Structure and Compensatory Control Change: A Serial Mediation Investigation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:352. [PMID: 38785843 PMCID: PMC11118860 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous studies have indicated that individuals are confronting a diminished sense of control. Compensatory control theory suggests that individuals strive to mitigate this loss by modifying their behavior. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and compensatory control change during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the mediating effects of openness and the personal need for structure. Participants completed an online questionnaire consisting of Personal Need for Structure Scale, Self-Control Scale, Openness Scale and Compensatory Control Change Scale. The results showed that the compensatory control change increased after the outbreak. Moreover, a serial mediation was found: openness and the personal need for structure partially mediated the relationship between self-control and compensatory control change. The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in compensatory control behaviors, especially among those with pronounced self-control. High self-control individuals are found to exhibit greater openness, reducing their personal need for structure, in effect enhancing their compensatory control change. These findings highlight the critical role of self-control in sustaining a sense of control, which is vital for understanding psychological health management in the context of public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liuqing Wei
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Yu Ma
- Center for Psychological Health, Ningxia Vocational Technical College of Industry and Commerce, Ningxia 750021, China;
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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2
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Bukowski M, Potoczek A, Barzykowski K, Lautenbacher J, Inzlicht M. What do we manipulate when reminding people of (not) having control? In search of construct validity. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:3706-3724. [PMID: 38233631 PMCID: PMC11133203 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The construct of personal control is crucial for understanding a variety of human behaviors. Perceived lack of control affects performance and psychological well-being in diverse contexts - educational, organizational, clinical, and social. Thus, it is important to know to what extent we can rely on the established experimental manipulations of (lack of) control. In this article, we examine the construct validity of recall-based manipulations of control (or lack thereof). Using existing datasets (Study 1a and 1b: N = 627 and N = 454, respectively) we performed content-based analyses of control experiences induced by two different procedures (free recall and positive events recall). The results indicate low comparability between high and low control conditions in terms of the emotionality of a recalled event, the domain and sphere of control, amongst other differences. In an experimental study that included three types of recall-based control manipulations (Study 2: N = 506), we found that the conditions differed not only in emotionality but also in a generalized sense of control. This suggests that different aspects of personal control can be activated, and other constructs evoked, depending on the experimental procedure. We discuss potential sources of variability between control manipulation procedures and propose improvements in practices when using experimental manipulations of sense of control and other psychological constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Bukowski
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Potoczek
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Barzykowski
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Michael Inzlicht
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Roberts AJ, Handley S, Polito V. The Consequences of Anthropomorphic and Teleological Beliefs in a Global Pandemic. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:146. [PMID: 38392499 PMCID: PMC10886024 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To describe something in terms of its purpose or function is to describe its teleology. Previous studies have found that teleological beliefs are positively related to anthropomorphism, and that anthropomorphism decreases the perceived unpredictability of non-human agents. In the current study, we explore these relationships using the highly salient example of beliefs about the coronavirus pandemic. Results showed that both anthropomorphism and teleology were negatively associated with perceived uncertainty and threat, and positively associated with self-reported behavioural change in response to the pandemic. These findings suggest that highly anthropomorphic and teleological individuals may view coronavirus as agentive and goal-directed. While anthropomorphic and teleological beliefs may facilitate behavioural change in response to the pandemic, we also found that the associated reduction in uncertainty and threat may be detrimental to behavioural change. We discuss the implications of these findings for messaging about global events more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Roberts
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Simon Handley
- Office of Higher Degree Research Training and Partnership, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Vince Polito
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
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Li B, Xue C, Cheng Y, Lim ETK, Tan CW. Understanding work experience in epidemic-induced telecommuting: The roles of misfit, reactance, and collaborative technologies. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH 2023; 154:113330. [PMID: 36188112 PMCID: PMC9508859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the management of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the mandated closure of workplaces and stay-at-home orders have forced workers to adapt to a prolonged period of unplanned telecommuting, which we term epidemic-induced telecommuting. Although epidemic-induced telecommuting has drastically altered how work is conducted, scant attention is being paid to this emerging work arrangement. To this end, we combine psychological reactance theory and person-environment fit theory to advance the concept of misfit between worker and environment as a core determinant of employees' work experience in the epidemic-induced telecommuting. Particularly, we distinguish between supply-value and demand-ability misfits as constraints on workers' freedom at work. Having analyzed data collected through a survey administered on remote workers, we discovered that both misfits positively influenced workers' perceived psychological reactance, which led to work exhaustion and counter-productive behaviors. We also found that the utilization of collaborative technologies moderated the effects of misfit on workers' psychological reactance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boying Li
- Nottingham University Business School China, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- Centre for English Language Education, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, China
| | - Eric T K Lim
- UNSW Business School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Chee-Wee Tan
- Department of Digitalization, Copenhagen Business School, Howitzvej 60, 4.18, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Gibbs WC, Kim HS, Kay AC, Sherman DK. Who needs control? A cultural perspective on the process of compensatory control. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Connor Gibbs
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Heejung S. Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Aaron C. Kay
- Fuqua School of Business Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - David K. Sherman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
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Yang SL, Yu F, Li K, Rao TT, Lian DP. No Control, No Consumption: Association of Low Perceived Control and Intention to Accept Genetically Modified Food. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137642. [PMID: 35805299 PMCID: PMC9265917 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Based on compensatory control theory, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of perceived control on people’s acceptance of genetically modified (GM) foods by using both correlational and experimental methods. Compensatory control theory proposes that the lower an individual’s perceived control, the higher their need for structure, order, and certainty. Therefore, based on beliefs about GM foods that make some people less certain that those foods are as safe as traditional foods, we hypothesized that individuals with lower levels of perceived control are more inclined to reject GM foods. The analysis of questionnaire responses in Study 1 revealed that individuals’ sense of control negatively predicted their risk perception of GM foods, while the need for structure played a mediating role. In Study 2, using a between-subject design, we manipulated participants’ perceived control (higher vs. lower) and subsequently measured their risk perception and purchasing preferences for GM foods. The results in Study 2 show that under lower control conditions, individuals recognize higher risks related to GM foods, which, in turn, decreases their willingness to purchase GM foods. These results not only suggest that perceived control is a potential influential personal factor of the acceptance of GM foods but also extend the scope of the application of compensatory control theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Long Yang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (S.-L.Y.); (T.-T.R.)
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Ting-Ting Rao
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (S.-L.Y.); (T.-T.R.)
| | - Da-Peng Lian
- College of Humanities and Management, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua 061100, China;
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Cham TH, Cheng BL, Lee YH, Cheah JH. Should I buy or not? Revisiting the concept and measurement of panic buying. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-21. [PMID: 35431524 PMCID: PMC9006072 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Following various precautionary measures as executed by the government to curb the transmission of COVID-19, erratic changes in the form of temporary lockdowns and movement restrictions have created an emergency phenomenon-panic buying. While such consequence has emerged as a timely and relevant topic, reviewed literature indicate an apparent oversight for portraying panic buying through the perspectives of impulsive and compulsive consumptions. Given the gap in the association between panic buying and consumers' emotional aspects within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aspires to develop a contemporary measurement that accurately defines panic buying as a research variable. A combined methodology was hereby adopted, with the employment of qualitative inquiries towards the scale development of panic buying. Following this, quantitative data as collected from a total sample of 600 respondents through an online survey was analysed via both SPSS and AMOS statistical software towards scale assessment and hypothesis testing. Obtained findings uncovered the direct significance of both personal (fear, perceived risk, and perceived scarcity) and social (word-of-mouth and social media) factors on panic buying during the pandemic, whilst having indirect significance on the ensuing post-purchase regret. Impulsivity was further confirmed to exert a substantial moderating impact on the correlation between panic consumption and post-purchase emotional distress. Implications of the study are ultimately discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tat-Huei Cham
- UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon-Liat Cheng
- Sunway University Business School, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yoon-Heng Lee
- Faculty of Accountancy and Management, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Jun-Hwa Cheah
- School of Business and Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Liu J, Yang SL, Yu F. Who Tends to Appreciate Atonal Music? Higher Perceived Personal Control Leads to an Increased Inclination to Prefer Atonal Music. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063248. [PMID: 35328935 PMCID: PMC8955575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Research on the aesthetic experience of music has largely focused on tonal music, while relatively less is known about individuals’ differences in the aesthetic experience of atonal music. According to the compensatory control theory, we hypothesized that perceived personal control significantly and positively predicted individuals’ tendency to prefer atonal music, while the need for structure played a mediating role. The present research investigated who tends to prefer atonal music, and why. A sample of college students listened to atonal music and completed questionnaires on perceived personal control, the need for structure, and their aesthetic judgment of the music. Our analysis showed that individuals with higher perceived personal control exhibited a stronger tendency to prefer atonal music, compared with those who had lower perceived control; moreover, the need for structure played a mediating role between perceived control and aesthetic experience of atonal music. These results revealed which audience was suitable for atonal music and extended the explanatory scope of the compensatory control theory. The theoretical and practical implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Liu
- Music Education Centre, School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - Shen-Long Yang
- Institute of Social Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.Y.); (F.Y.)
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.Y.); (F.Y.)
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9
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Rao TT, Yang SL, Zhu X. How Does Social Class Affect Need for Structure during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Moderated Mediating Model Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020932. [PMID: 35055749 PMCID: PMC8776056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is profoundly affecting the minds and behaviors of people worldwide. This study investigated the differences in the need for structure among people from different social classes and the psychological mechanisms underlying this need, as well as the moderating effect of the threat posed by the pandemic. Using data collected from non-student adults in China, we found that the lower an individual's social class, the lower their need for structure, and this effect was based on the mediating role of perceived control. However, the mediating effect was moderated by pandemic threat, and the above relationship existed only when this threat was low. When the level of pandemic threat was higher, neither the effect of social class nor of perceived control on the need for structure were significant. Specifically, in higher-threat situations, the need for structure among individuals from higher social classes and who had a higher sense of control increased significantly, meaning the mediating effect was no longer significant. This finding showed that under the threat of a pandemic, individuals who have a lower need for structure will still pursue and prefer structure and order. The theoretical and practical implications of the research are also discussed.
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10
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Assessment of Enhancing Employee Engagement in Energy-Saving Behavior at Workplace: An Empirical Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the possible benefits and effects of energy-saving attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and the behavioral intention of employees on habits in the workplace. The total sample size was 322 respondents. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used for the statistical analysis. The analytical results indicate that energy-saving attitude and perceived behavioral control correlate positively with the employees’ energy-saving habits. However, the subjective norm does not have a positive correlation with employees’ energy-saving habits. In addition, an examination of the mediating effect reveals that employees’ behavioral intentions are a significant mediator for energy-saving attitude, the subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control of the employees’ energy-saving habit. Moreover, this study provides a framework for the management of energy-saving in the workplace, and closes with a discussion on the theoretical and practical implications of the research findings.
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11
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Personal need for structure shapes the perceived impact of reduced personal control. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Shepherd S, Sherman DK, MacLean A, Kay AC. The Challenges of Military Veterans in Their Transition to the Workplace: A Call for Integrating Basic and Applied Psychological Science. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2020; 16:590-613. [PMID: 33316201 DOI: 10.1177/1745691620953096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-standing structural features of the military have created a culture and society that is dramatically different and disconnected from civilian society. Thus, veterans transitioning to civilian society face a number of challenges related to fulfilling basic psychological needs (e.g., need for structure and order, belonging) and civilians' reliance on stereotypes to understand military veterans. In an attempt to enrich the understanding of these challenges, we integrate social psychological theories and insights with research from sociology, clinical psychology, military psychology, and organizational behavior. Theories of compensatory control, stereotype threat, and stereotyping are drawn on to help explain the psychological challenges that veterans may encounter during their transition to civilian society. We present recent research that leverages these theories to understand issues veterans face. This theoretical integration illustrates the opportunity and potential for psychological researchers to conduct basic and applied research in the context of veterans and for clinicians and managers to draw on basic theory to inform programs and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Shepherd
- School of Marketing and International Business, Spears School of Business, Oklahoma State University
| | - David K Sherman
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara
| | - Alair MacLean
- Department of Sociology, Washington State University
| | - Aaron C Kay
- Fuqua School of Business & Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University
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Stojanov A, Bering JM, Halberstadt J. Does Perceived Lack of Control Lead to Conspiracy Theory Beliefs? Findings from an online MTurk sample. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237771. [PMID: 32804940 PMCID: PMC7430734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that conspiracy theory beliefs are the product of perceived lack of control. However, to date there is mixed evidence, at best, to support this claim. We consider the reasons why conspiracy theory beliefs do not appear to be based in any straightforward way on control beliefs, interrogating existing findings and presenting new data that call the relationship into question. Across six studies conducted online using MTurk samples, we observed no effect of control manipulations on conspiracy theory beliefs, while replicating previously reported correlational evidence of their association. The results suggest that conspiracy beliefs are not suitable for compensating for threats to control. We discuss possible reasons for the discrepancy between experimental and correlational effects and examine the limitations of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Stojanov
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Jesse M. Bering
- Centre for Science Communication, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Roberts AJ, Wastell CA, Polito V. Teleology and the intentions of supernatural agents. Conscious Cogn 2020; 80:102905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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How lacking control drives fluency effects in evaluative judgment. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ma A, Yang Y, Savani K. “Take it or leave it!” A choice mindset leads to greater persistence and better outcomes in negotiations. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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