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Hamdy NM, Zaki MB, Rizk NI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Abd-Elmawla MA, Ismail RA, Abulsoud AI. Unraveling the ncRNA landscape that governs colorectal cancer: A roadmap to personalized therapeutics. Life Sci 2024; 354:122946. [PMID: 39122108 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) being one of the most common malignancies, has a significant death rate, especially when detected at an advanced stage. In most cases, the fundamental aetiology of CRC remains unclear despite the identification of several environmental and intrinsic risk factors. Numerous investigations, particularly in the last ten years, have indicated the involvement of epigenetic variables in this type of cancer. The development, progression, and metastasis of CRC are influenced by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are significant players in the epigenetic pathways. LncRNAs are implicated in diverse pathological processes in CRC, such as liver metastasis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, and chemo-/radioresistance. It has recently been determined that CRC cells and tissues exhibit dysregulation of tens of oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs. Serum samples from CRC patients exhibit dysregulated expressions of several of these transcripts, offering a non-invasive method of detecting this kind of cancer. In this review, we outlined the typical paradigms of the deregulated lncRNA which exert significant role in the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC initiation and progression. We comprehensively discuss the role of lncRNAs as innovative targets for CRC prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | | | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt
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2
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Song H, Adu-Amankwaah J, Zhao Q, Yang D, Liu K, Bushi A, Zhao J, Yuan J, Tan R. Decoding long non‑coding RNAs: Friends and foes in cancer development (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:61. [PMID: 38695241 PMCID: PMC11095623 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a formidable adversary, challenging medical advancements with its dismal prognosis, low cure rates and high mortality rates. Within this intricate landscape, long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) emerge as pivotal players, orchestrating proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Harnessing the potential of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets and prognostic markers holds immense promise. The present comprehensive review delved into the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of lncRNAs in the onset and progression of the top five types of cancer. By meticulously examining lncRNAs across diverse types of cancer, it also uncovered their distinctive roles, highlighting their exclusive oncogenic effects or tumor suppressor properties. Notably, certain lncRNAs demonstrate diverse functions across different cancers, confounding the conventional understanding of their roles. Furthermore, the present study identified lncRNAs exhibiting aberrant expression patterns in numerous types of cancer, presenting them as potential indicators for cancer screening and diagnosis. Conversely, a subset of lncRNAs manifests tissue‑specific expression, hinting at their specialized nature and untapped significance in diagnosing and treating specific types of cancer. The present comprehensive review not only shed light on the intricate network of lncRNAs but also paved the way for further research and clinical applications. The unraveled molecular mechanisms offer a promising avenue for targeted therapeutics and personalized medicine, combating cancer proliferation, invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hequn Song
- First Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Qizhong Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Dongqi Yang
- School of Life Science and Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Kuntao Liu
- School of Life Science and Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Aisha Bushi
- School of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Zhao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- Lin He Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
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Mishra S, Srivastava P, Pandey A, Agarwal A, Shukla S, Husain N. Panel of serum long non-coding RNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for gallbladder carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:583-593. [PMID: 38524788 PMCID: PMC10959647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a common malignancy and is usually diagnosed in the late stages of the disease. The identification of new effective early diagnostic biomarkers could represent an effective approach in reducing mortality in GBC. Altered expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is believed to be associated with the emergence and development of GBC. Our study aims to identify the expression of a range of circulating lncRNAs, including HOTAIR, ANRIL, H19, CCAT1 and MEG3, in matched serum and tissues of GBC for diagnosis and its association with clinicopathological features. The case and control study included matched serum and tissues from 63 GBC, 19 cholecystitis (CC), and 46 normal controls (NC). RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis from serum and fresh tissue match were performed using commercially available kits. Relative expression was assessed using SYBR Green real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Circulating lncRNA levels including HOTAIR, ANRIL and H19 were upregulated in serum samples, while MEG3 and CCAT1 were downregulated in GBC compared to controls. The trend towards upregulation and downregulation was comparable in the tissue. HOTAIR and MEG3 levels were significantly different between serum CC and early-stage GBC (p = 0.0373, 0.0020), while H19 was significantly upregulated comparing early-stage GBC to advanced-stage GBC (p = 0.018). The expression of ANRIL was significant with M stage (p = 0.0488), H19 with stage (p = 0.009), M stage (p=<0.0001) & stage (0.009) and CCAT1 with M stage (0.044). When distinguishing GBC and NC, AUC for HOTAIR was 0.75, ANRIL 0.78, H19 0.74, CCAT1 0.80 and 0.96 for MEG3. The combination sensitivity for lncRNAs ranged from 84.13% (CI: 72.74-92.12%) to 100.0% (CI: 94.31-100.0%). Significant diagnostic value in discriminating pathologic stage was observed for ANRIL and MEG3 (p = 0.022, p = 0.0005). LncRNA show a significant change in expression in GBC and in discrimination of early stage from late-stage disease. The detection of 2 lncRNAs in panels, in coordination with radiology, could represent a potential serum-based biomarker for early-stage GBC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Pallavi Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Anshuman Pandey
- Gastrosurgery, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Akash Agarwal
- Surgical Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Saumya Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
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Cai Y, Zheng H, Xu D, Xie J, Wang W, Liu Z, Zheng Z. M6A RNA Methylation-Mediated Dysregulation of AGAP2-AS1 Promotes Trastuzumab Resistance of Breast Cancer. Pharmacology 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38744264 DOI: 10.1159/000539202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trastuzumab is commonly used to treat human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, but its efficacy is often limited by chemotherapy resistance. Recent studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in tumor progression and response to therapy. However, the regulatory mechanisms associating lncRNAs and trastuzumab resistance remain unknown. METHODS Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of related genes. Western blot and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate protein expression levels. A series of gain- or loss-of-function assays confirmed the function of AGAP2-AS1 in trastuzumab resistance, both in vitro and in vivo. RNA immunoprecipitation and pull-down analyses were conducted to verify the interaction between METTL3/YTHDF2 and lncRNA AGAP2-AS1. RESULTS AGAP2-AS1 was upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant cells and SKBR-3R-generated xenografts in nude mice. Silencing AGAP2-AS1 significantly decreased trastuzumab-induced cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1 was reduced in trastuzumab-resistant cells compared to that in parental cells. In addition, METTL3 increased m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1, which finally induced the suppressed AGAP2-AS1 expression. Moreover, YTHDF2 was essential for METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1. Functionally, AGAP2-AS1 regulated trastuzumab resistance by inducing autophagy and increasing ATG5 expression. CONCLUSION we demonstrated that METTL3/YTHDF2-mediated m6A methylation increased the expression of AGAP2-AS1, which could promote trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer. AGAP2-AS1 regulates trastuzumab resistance by inducing autophagy. Therefore, AGAP2-AS1 may be a promising predictive biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjun Cai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Haihong Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Zhongqiu Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Chen X, Wang S, Jiang X, Zhang M, Ding Y. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR: from pan-cancer analysis to colorectal cancer-related uridine metabolism. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7752-7773. [PMID: 38696320 PMCID: PMC11132002 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved significantly in the development of human cancers. lncRNA HOTAIR has been reported to play an oncogenic role in many human cancers. Its specific regulatory role is still elusive. And it might have enormous potential to interpret the malignant progression of tumors in a broader perspective, that is, in pan-cancer. We comprehensively investigated the effect of HOTAIR expression on tumor prognosis across human malignancies by analyzing multiple cancer-related databases like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). Bioinformatics data indicated that HOTAIR was overexpressed in most of these human malignancies and was significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with cancer, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC). Subsequently, this study further clarified the utility of HOTAIR that downregulation of its expression could result in reduced proliferation and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, HOTAIR upregulated the metabolic enzymes UPP1 by recruiting histone methyltransferase EZH2, thereby increasing the tumor progression. Our results highlight the essential role of HOTAIR in pan-cancer and uridine bypass, suggesting that the HOTAIR/EZH2/UPP1 axis might be a novel target for overcoming CRC. We anticipate that the role of HOTAIR in metabolism could be important in the context of CRC and even exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siying Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Khalafizadeh A, Hashemizadegan SD, Shokri F, Bakhshinejad B, Jabbari K, Motavaf M, Babashah S. Competitive endogenous RNA networks: Decoding the role of long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in colorectal cancer chemoresistance. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18197. [PMID: 38506091 PMCID: PMC10951891 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies across the globe. Despite significant progress in designing novel treatments for CRC, there is a pressing need for more effective therapeutic approaches. Unfortunately, many patients undergoing chemotherapy develop drug resistance, posing a significant challenge for cancer treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to play crucial roles in CRC development and its response to chemotherapy. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of interactions among various ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). These ncRNAs can act as either oncogenes or tumour suppressors, affecting numerous biological functions in different cancers including CRC. A class of ncRNA molecules known as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) has emerged as a key player in various cellular processes. These molecules form networks through lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA and circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interactions. In CRC, dysregulation of ceRNA networks has been observed across various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. These dysregulations are believed to play a significant role in the progression of CRC and, in certain instances, may contribute to the development of chemoresistance. Enriching our knowledge of these dysregulations holds promise for advancing the field of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for CRC. In this review, we discuss lncRNA- and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks implicated in the emergence and advancement of drug resistance in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalafizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Fatemeh Shokri
- Research and Development Center of BiotechnologyTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Keyvan Jabbari
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mahsa Motavaf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
- Research and Development Center of BiotechnologyTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Alzahrani AA, Almajidi YQ, Jasim SA, Hjazi A, Olegovich BD, Alkhafaji AT, Abdulridui HA, Ahmed BA, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Getting to know ovarian cancer: Focusing on the effect of LncRNAs in this cancer and the effective signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155084. [PMID: 38244434 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
This article undertakes a comprehensive investigation of ovarian cancer, examining the complex nature of this challenging disease. The main focus is on understanding the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the context of ovarian cancer (OC), and their regulatory functions in disease progression. Through extensive research, the article identifies specific lncRNAs that play significant roles in the intricate molecular processes of OC. Furthermore, the study examines the signaling pathways involved in the development of OC, providing a detailed comprehension of the underlying molecular mechanisms. By connecting lncRNA dynamics with signaling pathways, this exploration not only advances our understanding of ovarian cancer but also reveals potential targets for therapeutic interventions. The findings open up opportunities for targeted treatments, highlighting the importance of personalized approaches in addressing this complex disease and driving progress in ovarian cancer research and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bokov Dmitry Olegovich
- Institute of Pharmacy, Moscow Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Batool Ali Ahmed
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Iraq
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8
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Amniouel S, Jafri MS. High-accuracy prediction of colorectal cancer chemotherapy efficacy using machine learning applied to gene expression data. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1272206. [PMID: 38304289 PMCID: PMC10830836 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: FOLFOX and FOLFIRI chemotherapy are considered standard first-line treatment options for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the criteria for selecting the appropriate treatments have not been thoroughly analyzed. Methods: A newly developed machine learning model was applied on several gene expression data from the public repository GEO database to identify molecular signatures predictive of efficacy of 5-FU based combination chemotherapy (FOLFOX and FOLFIRI) in patients with CRC. The model was trained using 5-fold cross validation and multiple feature selection methods including LASSO and VarSelRF methods. Random Forest and support vector machine classifiers were applied to evaluate the performance of the models. Results and Discussion: For the CRC GEO dataset samples from patients who received either FOLFOX or FOLFIRI, validation and test sets were >90% correctly classified (accuracy), with specificity and sensitivity ranging between 85%-95%. In the datasets used from the GEO database, 28.6% of patients who failed the treatment therapy they received are predicted to benefit from the alternative treatment. Analysis of the gene signature suggests the mechanistic difference between colorectal cancers that respond and those that do not respond to FOLFOX and FOLFIRI. Application of this machine learning approach could lead to improvements in treatment outcomes for patients with CRC and other cancers after additional appropriate clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Amniouel
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Mohsin Saleet Jafri
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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9
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Hussen BM, Abdullah ST, Abdullah SR, Younis YM, Hidayat HJ, Rasul MF, Mohamadtahr S. Exosomal non-coding RNAs: Blueprint in colorectal cancer metastasis and therapeutic targets. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:615-632. [PMID: 37767111 PMCID: PMC10520679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the world's third-most prevalent cancer, and metastatic CRC considerably increases cancer-related fatalities globally. A number of complex mechanisms that are strictly controlled at the molecular level are involved in metastasis, which is the primary reason for death in people with CRC. Recently, it has become clear that exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles released by non-tumorous and tumorigenic cells, play a critical role as communication mediators among tumor microenvironment (TME). To facilitate communication between the TME and cancer cells, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role and are recognized as potent regulators of gene expression and cellular processes, such as metastasis and drug resistance. NcRNAs are now recognized as potent regulators of gene expression and many hallmarks of cancer, including metastasis. Exosomal ncRNAs, like miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs, have been demonstrated to influence a number of cellular mechanisms that contribute to CRC metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms that link exosomal ncRNAs with CRC metastasis are not well understood. This review highlights the essential roles that exosomal ncRNAs play in the progression of CRC metastatic disease and explores the therapeutic choices that are open to patients who have CRC metastases. However, exosomal ncRNA treatment strategy development is still in its early phases; consequently, additional investigation is required to improve delivery methods and find novel therapeutic targets as well as confirm the effectiveness and safety of these therapies in preclinical and clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Yousif Mohammed Younis
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sayran Mohamadtahr
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Alves-Vale C, Capela AM, Tavares-Marcos C, Domingues-Silva B, Pereira B, Santos F, Gomes CP, Espadas G, Vitorino R, Sabidó E, Borralho P, Nóbrega-Pereira S, Bernardes de Jesus B. Expression of NORAD correlates with breast cancer aggressiveness and protects breast cancer cells from chemotherapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:910-924. [PMID: 37680988 PMCID: PMC10480464 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The recently discovered human lncRNA NORAD is induced after DNA damage in a p53-dependent manner. It plays a critical role in the maintenance of genomic stability through interaction with Pumilio proteins, limiting the repression of their target mRNAs. Therefore, NORAD inactivation causes chromosomal instability and aneuploidy, which contributes to the accumulation of genetic abnormalities and tumorigenesis. NORAD has been detected in several types of cancer, including breast cancer, which is the most frequently diagnosed and the second-leading cause of cancer death in women. In the present study, we confirmed upregulated NORAD expression levels in a set of human epithelial breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and MDA-MB-468), which belong to the most aggressive subtypes (triple-negative breast cancer). These results are in line with previous data showing that high NORAD expression levels in basal-like tumors were associated with poor prognosis. Here, we demonstrate that NORAD downregulation sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapy, through a potential accumulation of genomic aberrations and an impaired capacity to signal DNA damage. These results show that NORAD may represent an unexploited neoadjuvant therapeutic target for chemotherapy-unresponsive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Alves-Vale
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Hospital CUF Descobertas, CUF Oncologia, 1998-018 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Capela
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlota Tavares-Marcos
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Domingues-Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno Pereira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Santos
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Guadalupe Espadas
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Borralho
- Hospital CUF Descobertas, CUF Oncologia, 1998-018 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandrina Nóbrega-Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Bernardes de Jesus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine – iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Tufail M. HOTAIR in colorectal cancer: structure, function, and therapeutic potential. Med Oncol 2023; 40:259. [PMID: 37530984 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
lncRNAs play a vital part in cancer development by regulating gene expression. Among these, the lncRNA HOTAIR has gained considerable attention due to its entanglement in multiple cellular processes, including chromatin remodeling and gene regulation. HOTAIR has a complex structure consisting of multiple domains that interact with various protein complexes and RNA molecules. In colorectal cancer (CRC), HOTAIR expression is upregulated, and its overexpression has been correlated with poor patient prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. HOTAIR has been found to regulate gene expression and promote cancer growth by interacting with specific miRNAs. In addition, HOTAIR has been implicated in the development of treatment resistance in colorectal cancer. To develop effective treatments, it's important to understand how HOTAIR regulates gene expression. This article discusses HOTAIR's structure, functions, and mechanisms in CRC and its potential as a target for therapy. The author also suggests future research directions to better understand HOTAIR's role in CRC progression and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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13
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Hashemi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Sarhangi S, Mahmoodieh B, Koohpar ZK, Goharrizi MASB, Behroozaghdam M, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Zha W, Rashidi M, Abdi S, Taheriazam A, Nabavi N. Biological and therapeutic viewpoints towards role of miR-218 in human cancers: Revisiting molecular interactions and future clinical translations. Cell Signal 2023:110786. [PMID: 37380085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the exact pathogenesis of cancer is difficult due to heterogenous nature of tumor cells and multiple factors that cause its initiation and development. Treatment of cancer is mainly based on surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and their combination, while gene therapy has been emerged as a new kind of therapy for cancer. Post-transcriptional regulation of genes has been of interest in recent years and among various types of epigenetic factors that can modulate gene expression, short non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have obtained much attention. The stability of mRNA decreases by miRNAs to repress gene expression. miRNAs can regulate tumor malignancy and biological behavior of cancer cells and understanding their function in tumorigenesis can pave the way towards developing new therapeutics in future. One of the new emerging miRNAs in cancer therapy is miR-218 that increasing evidence highlights its anti-cancer activity, while a few studies demonstrate its oncogenic function. The miR-218 transfection is promising in reducing progression of tumor cells. miR-218 shows interactions with molecular mechanisms including apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT, and the interaction is different. miR-218 induces apoptosis, while it suppresses glycolysis, cytoprotective autophagy and EMT. Low expression of miR-218 can result in development of chemoresistance and radio-resistance in tumor cells and direct targeting of miR-218 as a key player is promising in cancer therapy. LncRNAs and circRNAs are nonprotein coding transcripts that can regulate miR-218 expression in human cancers. Moreover, low expression level of miR-218 can be observed in human cancers such as brain, gastrointestinal and urological cancers that mediate poor prognosis and low survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sareh Sarhangi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahmoodieh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences,Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Soheila Abdi
- Department of Physics, Safadasht Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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14
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Bhattacharjee R, Prabhakar N, Kumar L, Bhattacharjee A, Kar S, Malik S, Kumar D, Ruokolainen J, Negi A, Jha NK, Kesari KK. Crosstalk between long noncoding RNA and microRNA in Cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00806-9. [PMID: 37245177 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs and lncRNAs play a central role in cancer-associated gene regulations. The dysregulated expression of lncRNAs has been reported as a hallmark of cancer progression, acting as an independent prediction marker for an individual cancer patient. The interplay of miRNA and lncRNA decides the variation of tumorigenesis that could be mediated by acting as sponges for endogenous RNAs, regulating miRNA decay, mediating intra-chromosomal interactions, and modulating epigenetic components. This paper focuses on the influence of crosstalk between lncRNA and miRNA on cancer hallmarks such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hijacking cell death, metastasis, and invasion. Other cellular roles of crosstalks, such as neovascularization, vascular mimicry, and angiogenesis were also discussed. Additionally, we reviewed crosstalk mechanism with specific host immune responses and targeting interplay (between lncRNA and miRNA) in cancer diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhattacharjee
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Neeraj Prabhakar
- Centre for Structural System Biology, Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY, Building 15, Notkestr. 852267, Hamburg, Germany
- Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland
| | - Lamha Kumar
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Arkadyuti Bhattacharjee
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sulagna Kar
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland
| | - Arvind Negi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India.
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland.
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Biocentre 3, Helsinki, Finland.
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15
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Tang T, Liu X, Wu R, Shen L, Ren S, Shen B. CTRR-ncRNA: A Knowledgebase for Cancer Therapy Resistance and Recurrence Associated Non-coding RNAs. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:292-299. [PMID: 36265769 PMCID: PMC10626174 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy resistance and recurrence (CTRR) are the dominant causes of death in cancer patients. Recent studies have indicated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can not only reverse the resistance to cancer therapy but also are crucial biomarkers for the evaluation and prediction of CTRR. Herein, we developed CTRR-ncRNA, a knowledgebase of CTRR-associated ncRNAs, aiming to provide an accurate and comprehensive resource for research involving the association between CTRR and ncRNAs. Compared to most of the existing cancer databases, CTRR-ncRNA is focused on the clinical characterization of cancers, including cancer subtypes, as well as survival outcomes and responses to personalized therapy of cancer patients. Information pertaining to biomarker ncRNAs has also been documented for the development of personalized CTRR prediction. A user-friendly interface and several functional modules have been incorporated into the database. Based on the preliminary analysis of genotype-phenotype relationships, universal ncRNAs have been found to be potential biomarkers for CTRR. The CTRR-ncRNA is a translation-oriented knowledgebase and it provides a valuable resource for mechanistic investigations and explainable artificial intelligence-based modeling. CTRR-ncRNA is freely available to the public at http://ctrr.bioinf.org.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shumin Ren
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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16
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Nadhan R, Dhanasekaran DN. Regulation of Tumor Metabolome by Long Non-Coding RNAs. J Mol Signal 2022. [DOI: 10.55233/1750-2187-16-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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17
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Xu J, Wang B, Zhang D. LncRNA ENSMUST00000171502 Induced by HIF-1α Ameliorates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury via Targeting the miR-130b-3p/Mybl-1 Axis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233747. [PMID: 36497007 PMCID: PMC9735850 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have suggested that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) affects the progression of ischemic acute kidney injury (IAKI). However, little information is currently available concerning the mechanisms of lncRNA171502 involved in IAKI. Methods: We applied an RT-qPCR assay for the expression of lncRNA171502 and miRNA-130b-3p, immunoblotting for the detection of Mybl-1-myeloblastosis oncogene-like 1 (Mybl-1) and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) expression, and flow cytometry (FCM) for the evaluation of apoptosis. Result: Initially, lncRNA171502 was induced by HIF-1α in the mouse proximal tubular (BUMPT) cell line and C57BL/6J mice during ischemic injury. Secondly, ischemic injury-induced BUMPT cell apoptosis was markedly relieved following the overexpression of lncRNA171502. However, this effect was enhanced by the knockdown of lncRNA171502. Mechanistically, lncRNA171502 could sponge miRNA-130b-3p and would subsequently upregulate the expression of Mybl-1 to drive the apoptotic process. Lastly, the overexpression of lncRNA171502 alleviated the development of IAKI by targeting miRNA-130b-3p/Mybl-1 pathways. Conclusions: In summary, the HIF-1α/lncRNA171502/miRNA-130b-3p/Mybl-1 axis prevented the progression of IAKI and might serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Xu
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-138-7589-9625 (D.Z.)
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Department of Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-138-7589-9625 (D.Z.)
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18
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Xu R, Wu X, Du A, Zhao Q, Huang H. Identification of cuproptosis-related long non-coding ribonucleic acid signature as a novel prognosis model for colon cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5241-5254. [PMID: 36504883 PMCID: PMC9729908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel type of cell death that may play a vital role in preventing various types of cancer. Studies examining cuproptosis are limited, and the cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (long non-Coding ribonucleic acids) involved in the regulation of colon cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the prognostic signature of cupronosis-related lncRNAs and explore their potential molecular functions in colon cancer. Data on the clinical correlation were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The differentially expressed cuproptosis-related long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) were analyzed using the "limma" package. Then, the prognostic cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature (CupRLSig) was identified through univariate Cox and co-expression analyses, and a prognostic model was constructed based on CupRLSig using the least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) algorithm and Cox regression analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for evaluating the model's capacity for prognosis prediction. In addition, the immune landscape, and drug sensitivity of CupRLSig were analyzed. Finally, the functions of AL512306.3 and ZEB1-AS1 were verified through in vitro experiments. The high- or low-risk groups were classified according to the risk score. The signature-based risk score showed a stronger ability to predict patient's survival compared with the traditional clinicopathological features. In addition, immune responses, such as inflammation-promoting response and T-cell co-inhibition, were significantly different between the two groups. Moreover, chemotherapy drugs or inhibitors, such as axitinib, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and elesclomol, may be considered as potential therapeutic drugs for patients in high-risk groups. Finally, inhibition of AL512306.3 and ZEB1-AS1 significantly suppressed the cell proliferation in colon cancer cells. These results provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of colon cancer and offer promising biomarkers with the potential to guide research on carcinogenesis and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China,Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ashuai Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - He Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China,Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
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Lulli M, Napoli C, Landini I, Mini E, Lapucci A. Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Focus on Long Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13431. [PMID: 36362222 PMCID: PMC9654895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the advances in the knowledge of pathogenetic molecular mechanisms and the implementation of more effective drug treatments in recent years, the overall survival rate of patients remains unsatisfactory. The high death rate is mainly due to metastasis of cancer in about half of the cancer patients and the emergence of drug-resistant populations of cancer cells. Improved understanding of cancer molecular biology has highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in colorectal cancer development and evolution. ncRNAs regulate gene expression through various mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications and interactions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with both microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins, and through the action of lncRNAs as miRNA precursors or pseudogenes. LncRNAs can also be detected in the blood and circulating ncRNAs have become a new source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer, as well as for predicting the response to drug therapy. In this review, we focus on the role of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer development, progression, and chemoresistance, and as possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of General Pathology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Napoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Ida Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lapucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
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20
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He J, Wu W. Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC): Based on a bibliometric analysis. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:33-52. [PMID: 36311994 PMCID: PMC9582894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to use bibliometric analysis to sort out, analyze and summarize the knowledge foundation and hot topics in the field of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC), and point out future trends to inspire related research and innovation. We used CiteSpace to analyze publication outputs, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. Knowledge foundations, hotspots, and future trends were then depicted. The overall research showed the trend of biomedical-oriented multidisciplinary. Much evidence indicates that lncRNA plays the role of oncogene or tumor suppressor in the occurrence and development of CRC. Besides, many lncRNAs have multiple mechanisms. lncRNAs and metastasis of CRC, lncRNAs and drug resistance of CRC, and the clinical application of lncRNAs in CRC are current research hotspots. Through insight into the development trend of lncRNAs in CRC, this study will help researchers extract hidden valuable information for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Faculty Affairs and Human Resources Management Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenhan Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Corresponding author.
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21
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The lncRNA NEAT1 Inhibits miRNA-216b and Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Indirectly Activating YY1. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8130132. [PMID: 36262350 PMCID: PMC9576420 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8130132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1 (NEAT1) is commonly considered an oncogene in various cancers. The long noncoding RNA NEAT1 has been reported to be overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact role of NEAT1 in CRC remains unknown. Our research aimed to explore the function of NEAT1 in the tumorigenesis and the development of CRC. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the NEAT1, miR-216b, and YIN-YANG-1 (YY1) mRNA levels in CRC tissues and cells, then immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of YY1 in CRC tissues. Luciferase reporter, qPCR, western blot, and DNA pulldown assays were conducted to study the relationships between NEAT1, miR-216b, and YY1. Flow cytometry analysis was performed for cell cycle and apoptosis analyses, and a colony formation assay was performed to test cell proliferation. Transwell assays were performed to detect cell invasion and migration. Results The NEAT1 expression was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues compared with its expression in normal tissues, and downregulation of NEAT1 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Moreover, we found NEAT1 decreased the miR-216b level directly, and the suppression of miR-216b could inhibit the function of downstream YY1. However, overexpression of YY1 accelerated CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion Our results indicated that NEAT1 acted as an oncogene in CRC and promoted the progression of CRC by directly sponging miR-216 b expression to activate the expression of YY1. The NEAT1/miR-216b/YY1 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
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22
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Kong W, Yin G, Zheng S, Liu X, Zhu A, Yu P, Zhang J, Shan Y, Ying R, Jin H. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR: Pathogenic roles and therapeutic opportunities in gastric cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1269-1280. [PMID: 35873034 PMCID: PMC9293693 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the first malignant cancers in the world and a large number of people die every year due to this disease. Many genetic and epigenetic risk factors have been identified that play a major role in gastric cancer. HOTAIR is an effective epigenetic agent known as long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). HOTAIR has been described to have biological functions in biochemical and cellular processes through interactions with many factors, leading to genomic stability, proliferation, survival, invasion, migration, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the present article, we reviewed the prognostic value of the molecular mechanisms underlying the HOTAIR regulation and its function in the development of Gastric Cancer, whereas elucidation of HOTAIR–protein and HOTAIR–DNA interactions can be helpful in the identification of cancer processes, leading to the development of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Kong
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Guang Yin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Sixin Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Xinchun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Akao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Panpan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Shan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Rongchao Ying
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
| | - Huicheng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, PR China
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23
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Snyder M, Iraola-Guzmán S, Saus E, Gabaldón T. Discovery and Validation of Clinically Relevant Long Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163866. [PMID: 36010859 PMCID: PMC9405614 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent efforts in biomedical research have focused on the identification of molecular biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis and eventually treatment of the most common human diseases worldwide, including cancer. In this context, a large number of studies point to a pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of carcinogenesis, suggesting diagnostic or therapeutic potential. However, for most of them, supporting evidence is scarce and often based on a single large-scale analysis. Here, focusing on colorectal cancer (CRC), we present an overview of the main approaches for discovering and validating lncRNA candidate molecules, and provide a curated list of the most promising lncRNAs associated with this malignancy. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide, with nearly two million newly diagnosed cases each year. The survival of patients with CRC greatly depends on the cancer stage at the time of diagnosis, with worse prognosis for more advanced cases. Consequently, considerable effort has been directed towards improving population screening programs for early diagnosis and identifying prognostic markers that can better inform treatment strategies. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as promising molecules, with diagnostic and prognostic potential in many cancers, including CRC. Although large-scale genome and transcriptome sequencing surveys have identified many lncRNAs that are altered in CRC, most of their roles in disease onset and progression remain poorly understood. Here, we critically review the variety of detection methods and types of supporting evidence for the involvement of lncRNAs in CRC. In addition, we provide a reference catalog that features the most clinically relevant lncRNAs in CRC. These lncRNAs were selected based on recent studies sorted by stringent criteria for both supporting experimental evidence and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Snyder
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Iraola-Guzmán
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Saus
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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24
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Matuszyk J. MALAT1-miRNAs network regulate thymidylate synthase and affect 5FU-based chemotherapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:89. [PMID: 35922756 PMCID: PMC9351108 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The active metabolite of 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), used in the treatment of several types of cancer, acts by inhibiting the thymidylate synthase encoded by the TYMS gene, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in DNA replication. The major failure of 5FU-based cancer therapy is the development of drug resistance. High levels of TYMS-encoded protein in cancerous tissues are predictive of poor response to 5FU treatment. Expression of TYMS is regulated by various mechanisms, including involving non-coding RNAs, both miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Aim To delineate the miRNAs and lncRNAs network regulating the level of TYMS-encoded protein. Main body Several miRNAs targeting TYMS mRNA have been identified in colon cancers, the levels of which can be regulated to varying degrees by lncRNAs. Due to their regulation by the MALAT1 lncRNA, these miRNAs can be divided into three groups: (1) miR-197-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-375-3p which are downregulated by MALAT1 as confirmed experimentally and the levels of these miRNAs are actually reduced in colon and gastric cancers; (2) miR-140-3p, miR-330-3p that could potentially interact with MALAT1, but not yet supported by experimental results; (3) miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p whose seed sequences do not recognize complementary response elements within MALAT1. Considering the putative MALAT1-miRNAs interaction network, attention is drawn to the potential positive feedback loop causing increased expression of MALAT1 in colon cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, where YAP1 acts as a transcriptional co-factor which, by binding to the TCF4 transcription factor/ β-catenin complex, may increase the activation of the MALAT1 gene whereas the MALAT1 lncRNA can inhibit miR-375-3p which in turn targets YAP1 mRNA. Conclusion The network of non-coding RNAs may reduce the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5FU treatment by upregulating the level of thymidylate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Matuszyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
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25
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Najafi S, Khatami SH, Khorsand M, Jamali Z, Shabaninejad Z, Moazamfard M, Majidpoor J, Aghaei Zarch SM, Movahedpour A. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113294. [PMID: 35870535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Jiang L, Zhang Y, Su P, Ma Z, Ye X, Kang W, Liu Y, Yu J. Long non-coding RNA HNF1A-AS1 induces 5-FU resistance of gastric cancer through miR-30b-5p/EIF5A2 pathway. Transl Oncol 2022; 18:101351. [PMID: 35092904 PMCID: PMC8802127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and chemoresistance is a major cause for its poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with cancer chemoresistance. The current study sought to explore the mechanism of lncRNA HNF1A antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) in mediating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance of GC. METHODS qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression level of HNF1A-AS1 in GC tissues and cells. Abnormal expression of HNF1A-AS1 in GC cells was induced by lentivirus infection. Protein levels of EIF5A2, E-Cadherin, Vimentin and N-Cadherin were detected using western blot. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanisms were explored through luciferase assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Functional experiments of chemoresistance were performed by CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays and flow cytometry with the treatment of 5-FU. Mouse tumor xenograft assays were performed to verify the findings in vivo. RESULTS The findings showed HNF1A-AS1 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues especially in chemoresistance group. Findings from in vitro and in vivo experiments showed HNF1A-AS1 increased cell viability and proliferation, repressed apoptosis and promoted xenograft tumors growth in the presence of 5-FU. Mechanistic studies revealed HNF1A-AS1 promoted chemoresistance by facilitating epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process through upregulating EIF5A2 expression and HNF1A-AS1 acted as a sponge of miR-30b-5p. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the current study showed HNF1A-AS1 promoted 5-FU resistance by acting as a ceRNA of miR-30b-5p and promoting EIF5A2-induced EMT process in GC. This indicates that HNF1A-AS1 is a potential therapeutic target for alleviating GC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yingjing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Pengfei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujin, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
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27
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Abedi Kichi Z, Soltani M, Rezaei M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Rojhannezhad M. The Emerging role of EMT-related lncRNAs in therapy resistance and their application as biomarkers. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4574-4601. [PMID: 35352644 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220329203032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second largest cause of death. The most common cancer treatments are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Drug resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis are all pressing issues in cancer therapy today. Increasing evidence showed that drug-resistant and EMT are co-related with each other. Indeed, drug-resistant cancer cells possess enhanced EMT and invasive ability. Recent researches have demonstrated lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are noncoding transcripts, which play an important role in the regulation of EMT, metastasis, and drug resistance in different cancers. However, the relationships among lncRNAs, EMT, and drug resistance are still unclear. These effects could be exerted via several signaling pathways such as TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin. Identifying the crucial regulatory roles of lncRNAs in these pathways and processes leads to the development of novel targeted therapies. We review the key aspects of lncRNAs associated with EMT and therapy resistance. We focus on the crosstalk between lncRNAs and molecular signaling pathways affecting EMT and drug resistance. Moreover, each of the mentioned lncRNAs could be used as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarker for cancer. Although, there are still many challenges to investigate lncRNAs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abedi Kichi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Germany
| | - Mona Soltani
- Department of Plant Production & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mina Rezaei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahbubeh Rojhannezhad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
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28
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Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Canadas I, Zarrabi A, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Crea F, Wang Y, Ashrafizadeh M, Kumar AP. The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:18. [PMID: 35236381 PMCID: PMC8892735 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large family of RNA molecules with no capability in encoding proteins. However, they participate in developmental and biological processes and their abnormal expression affects cancer progression. These RNA molecules can function as upstream mediators of different signaling pathways and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is among them. Briefly, EZH2 belongs to PRCs family and can exert functional roles in cells due to its methyltransferase activity. EZH2 affects gene expression via inducing H3K27me3. In the present review, our aim is to provide a mechanistic discussion of ncRNAs role in regulating EZH2 expression in different cancers. MiRNAs can dually induce/inhibit EZH2 in cancer cells to affect downstream targets such as Wnt, STAT3 and EMT. Furthermore, miRNAs can regulate therapy response of cancer cells via affecting EZH2 signaling. It is noteworthy that EZH2 can reduce miRNA expression by binding to promoter and exerting its methyltransferase activity. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) are synthetic, short ncRNAs capable of reducing EZH2 expression and suppressing cancer progression. LncRNAs mainly regulate EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNAs induce EZH2 by modulating miRNA expression. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), like lncRNAs, affect EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. These areas are discussed in the present review with a focus on molecular pathways leading to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 1417466191, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Israel Canadas
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Crea
- Cancer Research Group-School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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29
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Jia Z, An J, Liu Z, Zhang F. Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Their Functions and Mechanisms. Front Oncol 2022; 12:783079. [PMID: 35186731 PMCID: PMC8847166 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.783079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with high mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC remain unclear. Controversies over the exact functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the progression of CRC have been prevailing for multiple years. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in various human cancers, including CRC. The intracellular signaling pathways by which ncRNAs act on tumor cells have been explored, and in CRC, various studies have identified numerous dysregulated ncRNAs that serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in the process of tumorigenesis through diverse mechanisms. In this review, we have summarized the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs (mainly lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs) in the tumorigenesis of CRC. We also discuss the potential applications of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as therapeutic targets in CRC. This review details strategies that trigger the recognition of CRC-related ncRNAs, as well as the methodologies and challenges of studying these molecules, and the forthcoming clinical applications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaqi An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziyuan Liu
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
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30
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Pan S, Chen Y, Yan J, Li F, Chen X, Xu X, Xing H. The emerging roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in the mutual regulation between adipose tissue and other related tissues in obesity and metabolic diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:975334. [PMID: 36060952 PMCID: PMC9433671 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.975334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes (EXs) are the major types of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of 30-100 nm diameter that can be secreted by most cells to the extracellular environment. EXs transport endogenous cargoes (proteins, lipids, RNAs, etc.) to target cells and thereby triggers the release of these bioactive components, which then play important roles in regulating numerous biological processes under both physiological and pathological conditions. Throughout the studies in recent years, growing evidences have shown that EXs-derived non-coding RNAs (EXs-ncRNAs) are emerging as key players in cell-to-cell communication between adipose tissue and other related tissues in obesity and metabolic diseases. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings about EXs-ncRNAs, especially focus on the following aspects: 1) the biogenesis of EXs and emerging roles of EXs-ncRNAs, 2) the role of EXs-ncRNAs (EXs-miRNAs, EXs-lncRNAs, EXs-circRNAs, etc.) that were secreted by adipose-related tissues in promoting the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature and fully functional adipocytes, and 3) the crosstalk between the adipose tissue derived EXs-ncRNAs and the development of insulin resistance, obesity and various cancers. This review aims to reveal the emerging roles and mechanisms of EXs-ncRNAs in the mutual regulation of adipose tissue and its related tissues in obesity and metabolic diseases, so as to provide references for elucidating the etiology of obesity and related metabolic diseases and screening novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Shifeng Pan,
| | - Yongfang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hua Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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31
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Lu S, Ding X, Wang Y, Hu X, Sun T, Wei M, Wang X, Wu H. The Relationship Between the Network of Non-coding RNAs-Molecular Targets and N6-Methyladenosine Modification in Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772542. [PMID: 34938735 PMCID: PMC8685436 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent accumulating researches implicate that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and development. Notably, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the critical posttranscriptional modulators, exerts various functions in ncRNA metabolism such as stability and degradation. However, the interaction regulation network among ncRNAs and the interplay with m6A-related regulators has not been well documented, particularly in CRC. Here, we summarize the interaction networks and sub-networks of ncRNAs in CRC based on a data-driven approach from the publications (IF > 6) in the last quinquennium (2016–2021). Further, we extend the regulatory pattern between the core m6A regulators and m6A-related ncRNAs in the context of CRC metastasis and progression. Thus, our review will highlight the clinical potential of ncRNAs and m6A modifiers as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improving the diagnostic precision and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senxu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhe Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Shenyang Kangwei Medical Laboratory Analysis Co. Ltd., Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Antiproliferative effects of levan polysaccharide against colorectal cancer cells mediated through oxidative stress-stimulated HOTAIR/Akt signaling pathway: In vitro. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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33
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Li X, Chen L, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Chang AK, Yang Z, Bi X. Black raspberry anthocyanins increased the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fluorouracil and Celecoxib in colorectal cancer cells and mouse model. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Wang BQ, Wang JL, Zhang BQ, Li TT, Wang C, Sun GB. Prognostic role of HOTAIR in colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:984-989. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i17.984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. It is essential to find biomarkers for the early detection and evaluation of tumor prognosis. In recent years, studies have revealed that the expression of Hox transcription antisense RNA (HOTAIR) increases in various cancers, including colorectal cancer. However, due to the small sample size of each study, the persuasiveness is not strong.
AIM To perform a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between the expression of HOTAIR and the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, CNKI, CBM, and The Cochrane Library were searched for articles published before December 2020 on the relationship between HOTAIR expression and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of the included articles and extracted the data. The risk ratio (HR) of overall survival (OS) and the odds ratio of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM) were calculated to evaluate the association strength.
RESULTS Seven articles that met the inclusion criteria were included. Six of them compared the correlation between HOTAIR expression level and OS, and the results suggested that there existed a significant correlation between them (OR = 2.36, 95%CI: 1.74-3.19, P < 0.05). The correlation between HOTAIR expression level and LNM was compared in five articles, with a statistically significant correlation observed (OR = 4.07, 95%CI: 1.38-12.0, P < 0.05). Four articles compared the correlation between HOTAIR expression level and DM, and there was a statistically significant correlation between them (OR = 4.32, 95%CI: 1.60-11.62, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The high expression of HOTAIR in colorectal cancer is significantly correlated with decreased OS, LNM, and DM, which indicates that HOTAIR may be a new biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Qing Wang
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Jue-Lei Wang
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Bao-Qin Zhang
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Chao Wang
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Guang-Bin Sun
- The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
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Potential Roles of Exosomal lncRNAs in the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:7183136. [PMID: 34485536 PMCID: PMC8413039 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7183136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal immune barrier protects the host from the invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. Immune cells and cytokines in the intestinal mucosa maintain local and systemic homeostasis by participating in natural and adaptive immunity. Deficiency of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier is associated with a variety of intestinal illnesses. Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles that allow cell-cell communication by secreting physiologically active substances including proteins, lipids, transcription factors, mRNAs, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Exosomal lncRNAs are involved in immune cell differentiation and the modulation of the immune response. This review briefly introduces the potential role of exosomal lncRNAs in the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and discusses their relevance to intestinal illnesses.
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Price RL, Bhan A, Mandal SS. HOTAIR beyond repression: In protein degradation, inflammation, DNA damage response, and cell signaling. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 105:103141. [PMID: 34183273 PMCID: PMC10426209 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed from the mammalian genome as transcripts that are usually >200 nucleotides long. LncRNAs generally do not encode proteins but are involved in a variety of physiological processes, principally as epigenetic regulators. HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a well-characterized lncRNA that has been implicated in several cancers and in various other diseases. HOTAIR is a repressor lncRNA and regulates various repressive chromatin modifications. However, recent studies have revealed additional functions of HOTAIR in regulation of protein degradation, microRNA (miRNA) sponging, NF-κB activation, inflammation, immune signaling, and DNA damage response. Herein, we have summarized the diverse functions and modes of action of HOTAIR in protein degradation, inflammation, DNA repair, and diseases, beyond its established functions in gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Price
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Arunoday Bhan
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Subhrangsu S Mandal
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States.
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Gao M, Cui Z, Li S, Li N, Tong L, Wang Y, Song M, Zhou B, Yin Z. Survival Outcome and Clinicopathologicl analysis of Homeobox gene cluster-embedded LncRNAs in Human Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:1211-1221. [PMID: 34410213 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1970536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ectopic expression of Homeobox (HOX) gene cluster-embedded long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been involved several carcinogenic development and progressions. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the LncRNAs to validate the functions and the prognostic values in several kinds of cancer. METHODS The retrospective study was conducted to analyze the association between HOX gene-related LncRNAs and the survival outcomes. Cochran's Q and I2 test were used for calculated heterogeneity, and I2 > 50%, P < 0.05 was conformed to the random effect model. Publication bias was indicated by Begg's and Egger's test. RESULTS Total 15,315 patients extracting from 121 studies focused on assessing the association between LncRNAs and the survival outcomes and 12,110 participants were enrolled to address the clinicopathological features. The results demonstrated that the overexpression of HOX gene cluster-embedded LncRNAs revealed notable association among tumor size (pooled OR = 1.80), lymph node metastasis (LNM) stage (pooled OR = 3.00), tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (pooled OR = 2.86), histological differentiation (pooled OR = 1.59) and distant metastasis (pooled OR = 2.49). Additionally, the up-regulated LncRNAs predicted a poor prognosis in overall survival (pooled HR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.86-2.04), and also disclosed worse prognosis among the stratified analysis included HOX clusters, LncRNAs, ethnicity, and tumor classification (pooled HRs >1). CONCLUSION In summary, the findings proved that HOX gene cluster-embedded LncRNAs acted as potential biomarkers for clinical treatment of several tumors and the overexpression might be a candidate hallmark for prognosis outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- Department of Science and Education, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Liaoning, Pr, China
| | - Sixuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lianwei Tong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, Pr China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, PR China
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38
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Xin X, Li Q, Fang J, Zhao T. LncRNA HOTAIR: A Potential Prognostic Factor and Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:679244. [PMID: 34367966 PMCID: PMC8340021 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.679244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of gene expression and physiological processes. LncRNAs are a class of ncRNAs of 200 nucleotides in length. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), a trans-acting lncRNA with regulatory function on transcription, can repress gene expression by recruiting chromatin modifiers. HOTAIR is an oncogenic lncRNA, and numerous studies have determined that HOTAIR is highly upregulated in a wide variety of human cancers. In this review, we briefly summarize the impact of lncRNA HOTAIR expression and functions on different human solid tumors, and emphasize the potential of HOTAIR on tumor prognosis and therapy. Here, we review the recent studies that highlight the prognostic potential of HOTAIR in drug resistance and survival, and the progress of therapies developed to target HOTAIR to date. Furthermore, targeting HOTAIR results in the suppression of HOTAIR expression or function. Thus, HOTAIR knockdown exhibits great therapeutic potential in various cancers, indicating that targeting lncRNA HOTAIR may serve as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. We also propose that preclinical studies involving HOTAIR are required to provide a better understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of its expression and function in different human cancers and to explore effective methods of targeting HOTAIR and engineering efficient and targeted drug delivery methods in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Xin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qianan Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinyong Fang
- Department of Science and Education, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Yu X, Lin Q, Liu F, Yang F, Mao J, Chen X. LncRNA TMPO-AS1 facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells by up-regulating ERBB2 via sponging miR-204-3p. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420958947. [PMID: 32969763 PMCID: PMC7520928 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420958947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aims at probing into the expression and biological function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TMPO-AS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and exploring its regulatory role for miR-204-3p and erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2). Methods: In this study, paired NSCLC samples were collected, and the expression levels of TMPO-AS1, miR-204-3p and ERBB2 were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); proliferative ability and colony formation ability were detected by CCK-8 assay and plate colony formation assay, respectively; flow cytometry was performed to detect the effect of TMPO-AS1 on apoptosis; Transwell assay was used to detect the changes of migration and invasion; qRT-PCR and Western blot were utilised to analyse the changes of miR-204-3p and ERBB2 regulated by TMPO-AS1; luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were employed to determine the regulatory relationship between TMPO-AS1 and miR-204-3p. Results: We demonstrated that TMPO-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in cancerous tissues of NSCLC samples, and positively correlated with the expression of ERBB2, while negatively correlated with miR-204-3p. After transfection of TMPO-AS1 shRNAs into NSCLC cells, the malignant phenotypes of NSCLC cells were significantly inhibited, while overexpression of TMPO-AS1 had opposite effects; TMPO-AS1 was also demonstrated to regulate the expression of miR-204-3p by sponging it, and indirectly modulate the expression of ERBB2. Conclusion: Collectively, we conclude that TMPO-AS1 has the potential to be the ‘ceRNA’ to regulate the expression of ERBB2 by sponging miR-204-3p in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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40
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Kong X, Li J, Li Y, Duan W, Qi Q, Wang T, Yang Q, Du L, Mao H, Wang C. A novel long non-coding RNA AC073352.1 promotes metastasis and angiogenesis via interacting with YBX1 in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:670. [PMID: 34218256 PMCID: PMC8254808 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major cause of cancer death worldwide in women. Patients with metastasis have poor prognosis and the mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis are not completely understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have crucial roles in breast cancer development and progression. However, the underlying mechanisms by which lncRNA-driven breast cancer metastasis are unknown. The main objective of this paper is to explore a functional lncRNA and its mechanisms in breast cancer. Here we identified a novel lncRNA AC073352.1 that was significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissues and was associated with advanced TNM stages and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, AC073352.1 was found to promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and enhance breast cancer metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we elucidated that AC073352.1 interacted with YBX1 and stabilized its protein expression. Knock down of YBX1 reduced breast cancer cell migration and invasion and could partially reverse the stimulative effects of AC073352.1 overexpressed on breast cancer metastasis. Moreover, AC073352.1 might be packaged into exosomes by binding to YBX1 in breast cancer cells resulting in angiogenesis. Collectively, our results demonstrated that AC073352.1 promoted breast cancer metastasis and angiogenesis via binding YBX1, and it could serve as a promising, novel biomarker for prognosis and a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanru Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weili Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuchen Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiting Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,The Clinical Research Center of Shandong Province for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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41
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Zhang S, Li J, Gao H, Tong Y, Li P, Wang Y, Du L, Wang C. lncRNA Profiles Enable Prognosis Prediction and Subtyping for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:656554. [PMID: 34127945 PMCID: PMC8196240 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.656554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as useful prognostic markers in many tumors. In this study, we investigated the potential application of lncRNA markers for the prognostic prediction of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We identified ESCC-associated lncRNAs by comparing ESCC tissues with normal tissues. Subsequently, Kaplan–Meier (KM) method in combination with the univariate Cox proportional hazards regression (UniCox) method was used to screen prognostic lncRNAs. By combining the differential and prognostic lncRNAs, we developed a prognostic model using cox stepwise regression analysis. The obtained prognostic prediction model could effectively predict the 3- and 5-year prognosis and survival of ESCC patients by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (area under curve = 0.87 and 0.89, respectively). Besides, a lncRNA-based classification of ESCC was generated using k-mean clustering method and we obtained two clusters of ESCC patients with association with race and Barrett’s esophagus (BE) (both P < 0.001). Finally, we found that lncRNA AC007128.1 was upregulated in both ESCC cells and tissues and associated with poor prognosis of ESCC patients. Furthermore, AC007128.1 could promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC cells by increasing the activation of MAPK/ERK and MAPK/p38 signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings indicated the potentials of lncRNA markers in the prognosis, molecular subtyping, and EMT of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huiru Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
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42
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Yang Y, Yan X, Li X, Ma Y, Goel A. Long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer: Novel oncogenic mechanisms and promising clinical applications. Cancer Lett 2021; 504:67-80. [PMID: 33577977 PMCID: PMC9715275 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the improvements in CRC diagnosis and treatment approaches, a considerable proportion of CRC patients still suffers from poor prognosis due to late disease detections and lack of personalized disease managements. Recent evidences have not only provided important molecular insights into their mechanistic behaviors but also indicated that identification of cancer-specific long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) could benefit earlier disease detections and improve treatment outcomes in patients suffering from CRC. LncRNAs have raised extensive attentions as they participate in various hallmarks of CRC. The mechanistic evidence gleaned in the recent decade clearly reveals that lncRNAs exert their oncogenic roles by regulating autophagy, epigenetic modifications, enhancing stem phenotype and modifying tumor microenvironment. In view of their pleiotropic functional roles in malignant progression, and their frequently dysregulated expression in CRC patients, they have great potential to be reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for CRC. In the present review, we will focus on the oncogenic roles of lncRNAs and related mechanisms in CRC as well as discuss their clinical potential in the early diagnosis, prognostic prediction and therapeutic translation in patients with this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebing Yan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Abak A, Tondro Anamag F, Shoorei H, Fattahi F, Javadinia SA, Basiri A, Taheri M. 5-Fluorouracil: A Narrative Review on the Role of Regulatory Mechanisms in Driving Resistance to This Chemotherapeutic Agent. Front Oncol 2021; 11:658636. [PMID: 33954114 PMCID: PMC8092118 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.658636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is among the mostly administrated chemotherapeutic agents for a wide variety of neoplasms. Non-coding RNAs have a central impact on the determination of the response of patients to 5-FU. These transcripts via modulation of cancer-related pathways, cell apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and other aspects of cell behavior can affect cell response to 5-FU. Modulation of expression levels of microRNAs or long non-coding RNAs may be a suitable approach to sensitize tumor cells to 5-FU treatment via modulating multiple biological signaling pathways such as Hippo/YAP, Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, NF-kB, and Notch cascades. Moreover, there is an increasing interest in targeting these transcripts in various kinds of cancers that are treated by 5-FU. In the present article, we provide a review of the function of non-coding transcripts in the modulation of response of neoplastic cells to 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faranak Fattahi
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Seyed Alireza Javadinia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Regulation of Nuclear Factor-KappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by non-coding RNAs in cancer: Inhibiting or promoting carcinogenesis? Cancer Lett 2021; 509:63-80. [PMID: 33838282 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is considered as a potential therapeutic target in cancer therapy. It has been well established that transcription factor NF-κB is involved in regulating physiological and pathological events including inflammation, immune response and differentiation. Increasing evidences suggest that deregulated NF-κB signaling can enhance cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and also mediate radio-as well as chemo-resistance. On the contrary, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to modulate NF-κB signaling pathway under different settings. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can dually inhibit/induce NF-κB signaling thereby affecting the growth and migration of cancer cells. Furthermore, the response of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy may also be regulated by miRNAs. Regulation of NF-κB by miRNAs may be mediated via binding to 3/-UTR region. Interestingly, anti-tumor compounds can increase the expression of tumor-suppressor miRNAs in inhibiting NF-κB activation and the progression of cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) can also effectively modulate NF-κB signaling thus affecting tumorigenesis. It is noteworthy that several studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs and circRNAs can affect miRNAs in targeting NF-κB activation. They can act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) thereby reducing miRNA expression to induce NF-κB activation that can in turn promote cancer progression and malignancy.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Gharebaghi A, Eghtedarian R, Taheri M. LncRNA signature in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 222:153432. [PMID: 33857856 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancers and is associated with high mortality particularly when being diagnosed in advanced stages. Although several environmental and intrinsic risk factors have been identified, the underlying cause of CRC is not clear in the majority of cases. Several studies especially in the recent decade have pointed to the role of epigenetic factors in this kind of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important contributors in the epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the initiation, progression and metastasis of CRC. Tens of oncogenic lncRNAs and a lower number of tumor suppressor lncRNAs have been recently identified to be dysregulated in CRC cells and tissues. Notably, expressions of a number of these transcripts have been dysregulated in serum samples of CRC patients, providing a non-invasive route for detection of this kind of cancer. The involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy has provided them the ability to modulate response of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic modalities. In the current manuscript, we review the studies which evaluated the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC to appraise their application as diagnostic/ prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Alireza Gharebaghi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reyhane Eghtedarian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hu P, Wang B, Chen T, Xu Y, Zheng G, Zhu Y, Du X. RNA polymerase II subunit 3 regulates vesicular, overexpressed in cancer, prosurvival protein 1 expression to promote hepatocellular carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521990512. [PMID: 33845647 PMCID: PMC8047087 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521990512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationships between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the expression of RNA polymerase II subunit 3 (RPB3) and vesicular, overexpressed in cancer, prosurvival protein 1 (VOPP1), and to determine whether RPB3 regulates VOPP1 expression to promote HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth, and tumorigenesis. METHODS HCC and adjacent liver samples were collected from 51 patients with HCC who underwent surgical excision between September 20, 2010 and June 22, 2017. Immunohistochemical staining, western blot, quantitative PCR, plate colony assay, and RNA microarray were used to detect relevant indexes for further analyses. RESULTS VOPP1 was shown to function as a target gene of RPB3 in facilitating HCC proliferation, and was downregulated after RBP3 silencing. Additionally, hepatic tumor tissues demonstrated high VOPP1 expression. Furthermore, VOPP1 silencing suppressed tumor growth and cell proliferation and elicited apoptosis. CONCLUSION RPB3 regulates VOPP1 expression to promote HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binfeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfu Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Enze Hospital,Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoqun Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Enze Hospital,Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Enze Hospital,Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuefeng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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Long noncoding RNA Hotair facilitates retinal endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2419-2434. [PMID: 32812634 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal endothelial cell (REC) dysfunction induced by diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important pathological step of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as novel modulators in DR. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA Hotair in regulating DM-induced REC dysfunction. METHODS The retinal vascular preparations and immunohistochemical staining assays were conducted to assess the role of Hotair in retinal vessel impairment in vivo. The EdU, transwell, cell permeability, CHIP, luciferase activity, RIP, RNA pull-down, and Co-IP assays were employed to investigate the underlying mechanism of Hotair-mediated REC dysfunction in vitro. RESULTS Hotair expression was significantly increased in diabetic retinas and high glucose (HG)-stimulated REC. Hotair knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and permeability of HG-stimulated REC in vitro and reduced the retinal acellular capillaries and vascular leakage in vivo. Mechanistically, Hotair bound to LSD1 to inhibit VE-cadherin transcription by reducing the H3K4me3 level on its promoter and to facilitate transcription factor HIF1α-mediated transcriptional activation of VEGFA. Furthermore, LSD1 mediated the effects of Hotair on REC function under HG condition. CONCLUSION The Hotair exerts its role in DR by binding to LSD1, decreasing VE-cadherin transcription, and increasing VEGFA transcription, leading to REC dysfunction. These findings revealed that Hotair is a potential therapeutic target of DR.
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Aghabozorgi AS, Sharif S, Jafarzadeh-Esfehani R, Vakili S, Abbaszadegan MR. Role of miRNA gene variants in the susceptibility and pharmacogenetics of colorectal cancer. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:303-318. [PMID: 33733820 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most significant challenges in the field of cancer pathology. miRNAs are among the genetic factors associated with the disease. Although many studies have reviewed the expression patterns of various miRNAs in CRC, few studies have focused on different variants of miRNA. In the present review, miRNA variants have been categorized into three subgroups, including miRNA variants that predict susceptibility to CRC, miRNA variants that predict the clinical parameters of CRC and finally, miRNA variants that predict the pharmacological aspects of CRC. Moreover, a comprehensive review of potentially functional miRNA-associated SNPs as well as their importance as candidate cancer biomarkers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samaneh Sharif
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Saba Vakili
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Chen H, Cao W, Chen J, Liu D, Zhou L, Du F, Zhu F. miR-218 contributes to drug resistance in multiple myeloma via targeting LRRC28. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:305-314. [PMID: 33417267 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm featured by obvious drug resistance and poor prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs with crucial roles in many biological processes including cancer initiation and progression. The current study aims to investigate the pathogenic role and molecular mechanism of miRNAs in MM drug resistance. In the present study, The expression profile of miRNAs in MM samples was analyzed by microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expressions were detected by Western blot analysis. Cell apoptosis was detected by the Annexin V staining assay. The interaction between miRNA and the targeting mRNA was assessed using Dual luciferase reporter assay. Herein, we show that expression profile of miRNAs is deregulated in MM. miR-218, one of the most aberrational miRNAs in MM, is significantly decreased in MM cells compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). Genetic manipulation reveals miR-218 control the response of MM cells to anticancer drug bortezomib (BTZ). Overexpression of miR-218 causes a significant aberrant genes expression including leucine rich repeat containing 28 (LRRC28). Mechanistic study shows that miR-218 control the drug response through mediating the expression of LRRC28 in MM cells. Overexpression of LRRC28 significantly reserves miR-218-mediated cell response to BTZ. Taken together, miR-218 is decreased in MM that contributes to BTZ resistance via targeting LRRC28, which might be used as a novel therapeutic target for multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiling Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Danbo Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Du
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Novel Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers of Prognostic and Predictive Significance in Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer. Mol Ther 2020; 29:587-596. [PMID: 33333293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic strategies of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after curative surgery remain controversial. In the clinical decision-making process, oncologists need to answer questions such as whether adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary or which therapeutic regimen should be given to each patient. At present, whether adjuvant chemotherapy should be applied is primarily based on histopathological features and clinical risk factors. However, only a fraction of patients can benefit from it. More rigorous stratifying biomarkers are urgently needed to help further distinguishing these populations of patients. Recent progress in next-generation sequencing and high-throughput technologies has greatly promoted biomarker discovery as well as our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in CRC. Novel genetic and epigenetic biomarkers that are associated with prognosis or therapeutic responses have emerged. In this review, we discuss the strategies of biomarker discovery and summarize the status and assess the utility of previously published biomarkers in CRC.
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