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Bayat M, Sadri Nahand J. Exosomal miRNAs: the tumor's trojan horse in selective metastasis. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:167. [PMID: 39164756 PMCID: PMC11334467 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Organs of future metastasis are not passive receivers of circulating tumor cells, but are instead selectively and actively modified by the primary tumor before metastatic spread has even occurred. Tumors orchestrate a pre-metastatic program by conditioning distant organs to create microenvironments that foster the survival and proliferation of tumor cells before their arrival, thereby establishing pre-metastatic niches. Primary tumor-derived exosomes modulate these pre-metastatic niches, generating a permissive environment that facilitates the homing and expansion of tumor cells. Moreover, microRNAs have emerged as a key component of exosomal cargo, serving not only to induce the formation of pre-metastatic niches but also to prime these sites for the arrival and colonization of specific secondary tumor populations. Against this backdrop, this review endeavors to elucidate the impact of tumor-derived exosomal microRNAs on the genesis of their individualized pre-metastatic niches, with a view towards identifying novel means of specifying cancer metastasis and exploiting this phenomenon for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran.
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2
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Huang CY, Chou ST, Hsu YM, Chao WJ, Wu GH, Hsiao JR, Wang HD, Shiah SG. MEG3-Mediated Oral Squamous-Cell-Carcinoma-Derived Exosomal miR-421 Activates Angiogenesis by Targeting HS2ST1 in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7576. [PMID: 39062818 PMCID: PMC11277508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) from cancer cells play a key role in mediating the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) microenvironment. The objective of this study was to investigate how the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 affects OSCC angiogenesis through exosomal miR-421. Global miRNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to determine the level of miRNAs in OSCC cell-derived exosomes. Cell migration, invasion, tube formation, immunohistochemistry, and hemoglobin concentrations were used to study the effects of exosomal miR-421 in angiogenesis. Western blotting was used to determine the expression level of HS2ST1 and VEGFR2-related downstream proteins. MiRNA array and qRT-PCR identified the upregulation of miR-421 in OSCC cell-derived exosomes. Furthermore, exosomal miR-421 can be taken up by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and then target HS2ST1 through VEGF-mediated ERK and AKT phosphorylation, thereby promoting HUVEC migration, invasion, and tube formation. Additionally, forced expression of the lncRNA MEG3 in OSCC cells reduced exosomal miR-421 levels and then increased HS2ST1 expression, thereby reducing the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway in HUVECs. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which lncRNA MEG3 can act as a tumor suppressor and regulate endothelial angiogenesis through the exosomal miR-421/HS2ST1 axis, which provides a potential therapeutic strategy for OSCC angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yun Huang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Tau Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Yuan-Ming Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Wan-Ju Chao
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Guan-Hsun Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Head and Neck Collaborative Oncology Group, Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704302, Taiwan;
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
- Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116079, Taiwan
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Kumar RMR. Exosomal microRNAs: impact on cancer detection, treatment, and monitoring. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03590-6. [PMID: 38971914 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, measuring between 30 and 150 nm in diameter, are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane. They are released by various cells in the body and carry a diverse payload of molecules, including proteins, lipids, mRNA, and different RNA species such as long non-coding RNA, circular RNA, and microRNA (miRNA). With lengths of approximately 19-22 nucleotides, miRNAs constitute the predominant cargo in exosomes and serve as crucial regulators of protein biosynthesis. In cancer detection, exosomal miRNAs show promise as non-invasive biomarkers due to their stability and presence in various bodily fluids, aiding in early detection and precise diagnosis with specific miRNA signatures linked to different cancer types. Moreover, exosomal miRNAs influence treatment outcomes by affecting cellular processes like cell growth, cell death, and drug resistance, thereby impacting response to therapy. Additionally, they serve as indicators of disease progression and treatment response, providing insights that can guide treatment decisions and improve patient care. Through longitudinal studies, changes in exosomal miRNA profiles have been observed to correlate with disease progression, metastasis, and response to therapy, highlighting their potential for real-time monitoring of tumor dynamics and treatment efficacy. Understanding the intricate roles of exosomal miRNAs in cancer biology offers opportunities for developing innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies tailored to individual patients, ultimately advancing precision medicine approaches and improving outcomes for cancer patients. This review aims to provide an understanding of the role of exosomal miRNAs in cancer detection, treatment, and monitoring, shedding light on their potential for revolutionising oncology practices and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Mohan Ram Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
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Sahebi R, Gandomi F, shojaei M, Farrokhi E. Exosomal miRNA-21-5p and miRNA-21-3p as key biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2228. [PMID: 38983683 PMCID: PMC11232052 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a debilitating condition that can lead to myocardial infarction (MI). Exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRNA) can be diagnostic biomarkers for detecting MI. Here, we conduct a study to evaluate the efficacy of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p for early detection of MI. Methods A total of 135 CAD patients and 150 healthy subjects participated in this study. Additionally, we randomly divided 26 male Wistar rats (12 weeks old) into two groups: control and induced MI. Angiographic images were used to identify patients and healthy individuals of all genders. In the following, serum exosomes were obtained, and exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p was measured by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results We observed an upregulation of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p in CAD patient and MI-induced animal groups compared to controls. Analysis of the ROC curves defined 82% and 88% of the participants' exo-miRNA-21-5p and exo-miRNA-21-3p diagnostic power, respectively, which in the animal model was 92 and 82. Conclusion This study revealed that the mean expression levels of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p were significantly increased in CAD patients and animal models of induced MI. Also, these results are associated with the atherogenic lipid profile of CAD patients, which may play an important role in the progression of the disease. Therefore, they can be considered as novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sahebi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Fatemeh Gandomi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mitra shojaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Effat Farrokhi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
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Otsuka K, Beaty LA, Sato M, Shitakura K, Kikuchi T, Okajima K, Terada S, Cornelissen G. Chronobioethics: Symphony of biological clocks observed by 7-day/24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular health. Biomed J 2024:100753. [PMID: 38906327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2024.100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of desynchronized biological rhythms is becoming a primary public health concern. We assess complex and diverse inter-modulations among multi-frequency rhythms present in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). SUBJECTS and Methods: We performed 7-day/24-hour Ambulatory BP Monitoring in 220 (133 women) residents (23 to 74 years) of a rural Japanese town in Kochi Prefecture under everyday life conditions. RESULTS A symphony of biological clocks contributes to the preservation of a synchronized circadian system. (1) Citizens with an average 12.02-h period had fewer vascular variability disorders than those with shorter (11.37-h) or longer (12.88-h) periods (P<0.05), suggesting that the circasemidian rhythm is potentially important for human health. (2) An appropriate BP-HR coupling promoted healthier circadian profiles than a phase-advanced BP: lower 7-day nighttime SBP (106.8 vs. 112.9 mmHg, P=0.0469), deeper nocturnal SBP dip (20.5% vs. 16.8%, P=0.0101), and less frequent incidence of masked non-dipping (0.53 vs. 0.86, P=0.0378), identifying the night as an important time window. CONCLUSION Adaptation to irregular schedules in everyday life occurs unconsciously at night, probably initiated from the brain default mode network, in coordination with the biological clock system, including a reinforced about 12-hour clock, as "a biological clock-guided core integration system".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Otsuka
- Department of Chronomics and Gerontology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Larry A Beaty
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Madoka Sato
- Department of Medicine, Jyoban Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Shitakura
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Higashi Omiya General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kikuchi
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Higashi Omiya General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okajima
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Higashi Omiya General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Terada
- Advanced Medical Center, Shonan Kamukura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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Javdani-Mallak A, Salahshoori I. Environmental pollutants and exosomes: A new paradigm in environmental health and disease. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171774. [PMID: 38508246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the intricate interplay between environmental pollutants and exosomes, shedding light on a novel paradigm in environmental health and disease. Cellular stress, induced by environmental toxicants or disease, significantly impacts the production and composition of exosomes, crucial mediators of intercellular communication. The heat shock response (HSR) and unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, activated during cellular stress, profoundly influence exosome generation, cargo sorting, and function, shaping intercellular communication and stress responses. Environmental pollutants, particularly lipophilic ones, directly interact with exosome lipid bilayers, potentially affecting membrane stability, release, and cellular uptake. The study reveals that exposure to environmental contaminants induces significant changes in exosomal proteins, miRNAs, and lipids, impacting cellular function and health. Understanding the impact of environmental pollutants on exosomal cargo holds promise for biomarkers of exposure, enabling non-invasive sample collection and real-time insights into ongoing cellular responses. This research explores the potential of exosomal biomarkers for early detection of health effects, assessing treatment efficacy, and population-wide screening. Overcoming challenges requires advanced isolation techniques, standardized protocols, and machine learning for data analysis. Integration with omics technologies enhances comprehensive molecular analysis, offering a holistic understanding of the complex regulatory network influenced by environmental pollutants. The study underscores the capability of exosomes in circulation as promising biomarkers for assessing environmental exposure and systemic health effects, contributing to advancements in environmental health research and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Javdani-Mallak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Salahshoori
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Morando N, Rosenzvit MC, Pando MA, Allmer J. The Role of MicroRNAs in HIV Infection. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:574. [PMID: 38790203 PMCID: PMC11120859 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, non-coding RNAs, play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. These regulatory molecules are integral to many biological processes and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. This review aims to cover the current understanding of the multifaceted roles miRNAs assume in the context of HIV infection and pathogenesis. The discourse is structured around three primary focal points: (i) elucidation of the mechanisms through which miRNAs regulate HIV replication, encompassing both direct targeting of viral transcripts and indirect modulation of host factors critical for viral replication; (ii) examination of the modulation of miRNA expression by HIV, mediated through either viral proteins or the activation of cellular pathways consequent to viral infection; and (iii) assessment of the impact of miRNAs on the immune response and the progression of disease in HIV-infected individuals. Further, this review delves into the potential utility of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in HIV infection, underscoring the challenges and prospects inherent to this line of inquiry. The synthesis of current evidence positions miRNAs as significant modulators of the host-virus interplay, offering promising avenues for enhancing the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Morando
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina; (N.M.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Mara Cecilia Rosenzvit
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina;
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
| | - Maria A. Pando
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina; (N.M.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Jens Allmer
- Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics, Institute for Measurement Engineering and Sensor Technology, Hochschule Ruhr West, University of Applied Sciences, 45479 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Kim MW, Moon S, Lee S, Lee H, Kim Y, Kim JY, Kim JY, Kim SI. Exploring miRNA‑target gene profiles associated with drug resistance in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:158. [PMID: 38426156 PMCID: PMC10902752 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to drug resistance in patients with breast cancer (BC); however, only a few roles of the exosomal miRNA-target gene networks have been clinically implicated in drug resistance in BC. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the differential expression of exosomal miRNAs associated with drug resistance and their target mRNAs. In vitro microarray analysis was used to verify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in drug-resistant BC. Next, tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) were isolated. Furthermore, it was determined whether the candidate drug-resistant miRNAs were also significant in TDEs, and then putative miRNAs in TDEs were validated in plasma samples from 35 patients with BC (20 patients with BC showing no response and 15 patients with BC showing a complete response). It was confirmed that the combination of five exosomal miRNAs, including miR-125b-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-484, miR-1246-5p and miR-1260b, was effective for predicting therapeutic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with an area under the curve value of 0.95, sensitivity of 75%, and specificity of 95%. Public datasets were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to drug resistance and it was revealed that BAK1, NOVA1, PTGER4, RTKN2, AGO1, CAP1, and ETS1 were the target genes of exosomal miRNAs. Networks between DEMs and DEGs were highly correlated with mitosis, metabolism, drug transport, and immune responses. Consequently, these targets could be used as predictive markers and therapeutic targets for clinical applications to enhance treatment outcomes for patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Woo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Moon
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ye Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Ye Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Elnaggar MG, He Y, Yeo Y. Recent trends in the delivery of RNA drugs: Beyond the liver, more than vaccine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 197:114203. [PMID: 38302049 PMCID: PMC10947810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
RNAs are known for versatile functions and therapeutic utility. They have gained significant interest since the approval of several RNA drugs, including COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and therapeutic agents targeting liver diseases. There are increasing expectations for a new class of RNA drugs for broader applications. Successful development of RNA drugs for new applications hinges on understanding their diverse functions and structures. In this review, we explore the last five years of literature to understand current approaches to formulate a spectrum of RNA drugs, focusing on new efforts to expand their applications beyond vaccines and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa G Elnaggar
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Yanying He
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, 201 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Choi JY, Seok HJ, Lee DH, Lee E, Kim TJ, Bae S, Shin I, Bae IH. Tumor-derived miR-6794-5p enhances cancer growth by promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:190. [PMID: 38521953 PMCID: PMC10960442 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid tumors promote tumor malignancy through interaction with the tumor microenvironment, resulting in difficulties in tumor treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the communication between cells in the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment. Our previous study revealed the cancer malignancy mechanism of Bcl-w overexpressed in solid tumors, but no study was conducted on its relationship with immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we sought to discover key factors in exosomes secreted from tumors overexpressing Bcl-w and analyze the interaction with the surrounding tumor microenvironment to identify the causes of tumor malignancy. METHODS To analyze factors affecting the tumor microenvironment, a miRNA array was performed using exosomes derived from cancer cells overexpressing Bcl-w. The discovered miRNA, miR-6794-5p, was overexpressed and the tumorigenicity mechanism was confirmed using qRT-PCR, Western blot, invasion, wound healing, and sphere formation ability analysis. In addition, luciferase activity and Ago2-RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to study the mechanism between miR-6794-5p and its target gene SOCS1. To confirm the interaction between macrophages and tumor-derived miR-6794-5p, co-culture was performed using conditioned media. Additionally, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and flow cytometry were performed to analyze macrophages in the tumor tissues of experimental animals. RESULTS MiR-6794-5p, which is highly expressed in exosomes secreted from Bcl-w-overexpressing cells, was selected, and it was shown that the overexpression of miR-6794-5p increased migratory ability, invasiveness, and stemness maintenance by suppressing the expression of the tumor suppressor SOCS1. Additionally, tumor-derived miR-6794-5p was delivered to THP-1-derived macrophages and induced M2 polarization by activating the JAK1/STAT3 pathway. Moreover, IL-10 secreted from M2 macrophages increased tumorigenicity by creating an immunosuppressive environment. The in vitro results were reconfirmed by confirming an increase in M2 macrophages and a decrease in M1 macrophages and CD8+ T cells when overexpressing miR-6794-5p in an animal model. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified changes in the tumor microenvironment caused by miR-6794-5p. Our study indicates that tumor-derived miR-6794-5p promotes tumor aggressiveness by inducing an immunosuppressive environment through interaction with macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Choi
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Seok
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Bae
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Shin
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwa Bae
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Gulati R, Mitra T, Rajiv R, Rajan EJE, Pierret C, Enninga EAL, Janardhanan R. Exosomal microRNAs in breast cancer: towards theranostic applications. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1330144. [PMID: 38455764 PMCID: PMC10918471 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1330144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the top two reproductive cancers responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality among women globally. Despite the advancements in the treatment of breast cancer, its early diagnosis remains a challenge. Recent evidence indicates that despite the adroit use of numerous strategies to facilitate rapid and precision-oriented screening of breast cancer at the community level through the use of mammograms, Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biomarker tracking, no strategy has been unequivocally accepted as a gold standard for facilitating rapid screening for disease. This necessitates the need to identify novel strategies for the detection and triage of breast cancer lesions at higher rates of specificity, and sensitivity, whilst taking into account the epidemiologic and social-demographic features of the patients. Recent shreds of evidence indicate that exosomes could be a robust source of biomaterial for the rapid screening of breast cancer due to their high stability and their presence in body fluids. Increasing evidence indicates that the Exosomal microRNAs- play a significant role in modifying the tumour microenvironment of breast cancers, thereby potentially aiding in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of ExomiRs in the tumour microenvironment in breast cancer. These ExomiRs can also be used as candidate biomarkers for facilitating rapid screening and triaging of breast cancer patients for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gulati
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tridip Mitra
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohan Rajiv
- Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Emilda Judith Ezhil Rajan
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chris Pierret
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Rajiv Janardhanan
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang T, Xie Z, Zheng X, Liang Y, Lu Y, Zhong H, Qian F, Zhu Y, Sun R, Sheng Y, Hu J. CRISPR-Cas12a powered hybrid nanoparticle for extracellular vesicle aggregation and in-situ microRNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 245:115856. [PMID: 37995623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Efficient extracellular vesicle (EV) enrichment and timely internal RNA detection for cancer diagnostics are highly desirable and remain a challenge. Here, we report a rapid EV aggregation induced in-situ microRNA detection technology based on cationic lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles encapsulating cascade system of catalytic hairpin assembly and CRISPR-Cas12a (CLHN-CCC), allowing for EV enrichment in three-dimensional space and in-situ detection of internal microRNAs in one step within 30 min. The enrichment efficiency (>90%) of CLHN-CCC is demonstrated in artificial EVs, cell-secreted EVs and serum EVs, which is 5-fold higher than that of traditional ultracentrifugation. The sensitive detection of artificial EVs and internal miR-1290 was achieved with the limit of detection of 10 particles/μL and 0.07 amol, respectively. After lyophilization, CLHN-CCC shows no obvious loss of performance within 6 months, making it much more robust and user friendly. This technique could sensitively (sensitivity = 92.9%) and selectively (selectivity = 85.7%) identify low amount miR-1290 in serum EVs, distinguishing early-stage pancreatic cancer patients from healthy subjects, showing high potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenghua Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zihui Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiaohe Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuxin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yao Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Hankang Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Feiyang Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ruiting Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, China
| | - Yan Sheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Jiaming Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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13
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Kan JY, Shih SL, Yang SF, Chu PY, Chen FM, Li CL, Wu YC, Yeh YT, Hou MF, Chiang CP. Exosomal microRNA-92b Is a Diagnostic Biomarker in Breast Cancer and Targets Survival-Related MTSS1L to Promote Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1295. [PMID: 38279296 PMCID: PMC10816035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are novel, non-invasive biomarkers for facilitating communication and diagnosing cancer. However, only a few studies have investigated their function and role in the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. To address this gap, we established a stable cell line, MDA-MB-231-CD63-RFP, and recruited 112 female participants for serum collection. We screened 88 exosomal miRNAs identified through microarray analysis of 231-CD63 and literature screening using real-time PCR; only exosomal miR-92b-5p was significantly increased in patients with breast cancer. It had a significant correlation with stage and discriminated patients from the control with an AUC of 0.787. Exosomal miR-92b-5p impacted the migration, adhesion, and spreading ability of normal human mammary epithelial recipient cells through the downregulation of the actin dynamics regulator MTSS1L. In clinical breast cancer tissue, the expression of MTSS1L was significantly inversely correlated with tissue miR-92b-5p, and high expression of MTSS1L was associated with better 10-year overall survival rates in patients undergoing hormone therapy. In summary, our studies demonstrated that exosomal miR-92b-5p might function as a non-invasive body fluid biomarker for breast cancer detection and provide a novel therapeutic strategy in the axis of miR-92b-5p to MTSS1L for controlling metastasis and improving patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yu Kan
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Shen-Liang Shih
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Sheau-Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50544, Taiwan;
| | - Fang-Ming Chen
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Chung-Liang Li
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Yi-Chia Wu
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Po Chiang
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-Y.K.); (S.-L.S.); (F.-M.C.); (C.-L.L.); (Y.-C.W.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan;
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14
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Chen S, Sigdel S, Sawant H, Bihl J, Wang J. Exercise-Intervened Endothelial Progenitor Cell Exosomes Protect N2a Cells by Improving Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1148. [PMID: 38256220 PMCID: PMC10816803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that exosomal communication between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and brain endothelial cells is compromised in hypertensive conditions, which might contribute to the poor outcomes of stroke subjects with hypertension. The present study investigated whether exercise intervention can regulate EPC-exosome (EPC-EX) functions in hypertensive conditions. Bone marrow EPCs from sedentary and exercised hypertensive transgenic mice were used for generating EPC-EXs, denoted as R-EPC-EXs and R-EPC-EXET. The exosomal microRNA profile was analyzed, and EX functions were determined in a co-culture system with N2a cells challenged by angiotensin II (Ang II) plus hypoxia. EX-uptake efficiency, cellular survival ability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expressions of cytochrome c and superoxide-generating enzyme (Nox4) were assessed. We found that (1) exercise intervention improves the uptake efficiency of EPC-EXs by N2a cells. (2) exercise intervention restores miR-27a levels in R-EPC-EXs. (3) R-EPC-EXET improved the survival ability and reduced ROS overproduction in N2a cells challenged with Ang II and hypoxia. (4) R-EPC-EXET improved the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cytochrome c and Nox4 levels in Ang II plus hypoxia-injured N2a cells. All these effects were significantly reduced by miR-27a inhibitor. Together, these data have demonstrated that exercise-intervened EPC-EXs improved the mitochondrial function of N2a cells in hypertensive conditions, which might be ascribed to their carried miR-27a.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jinju Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (S.C.); (S.S.); (H.S.); (J.B.)
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Vahabi M, Comandatore A, Centra C, Blandino G, Morelli L, Giovannetti E. Thinking small to win big? A critical review on the potential application of extracellular vesicles for biomarker discovery and new therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:50-67. [PMID: 37956937 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely deadly form of cancer, with limited progress in 5-year survival rates despite significant research efforts. The main challenges in treating PDAC include difficulties in early detection, and resistance to current therapeutic approaches due to aggressive molecular and microenvironment features. These challenges emphasize the importance of identifying clinically validated biomarkers for early detection and clinical management. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transporting molecular cargo. Recent research has unveiled their role in initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of PDAC. Consequently, utilizing EVs in liquid biopsies holds promise for the identification of biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and monitoring of drug efficacy. However, numerous limitations, including challenges in isolation and characterization of homogeneous EVs populations, as well as the absence of standardized protocols, can affect the reliability of studies involving EVs as biomarkers, underscoring the necessity for a prudent approach. EVs have also garnered considerable attention as a promising drug delivery system and novel therapy for tumors. The loading of biomolecules or chemical drugs into exosomes and their subsequent delivery to target cells can effectively impede tumor progression. Nevertheless, there are obstacles that must be overcome to ensure the accuracy and efficacy of therapies relying on EVs for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we examine both recent advancements and remaining obstacles, exploring the potential of utilizing EVs in biomarker discovery as well as for the development of drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annalisa Comandatore
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Centra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy.
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16
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Chai K, Wang C, Zhou J, Mu W, Gao M, Fan Z, Lv G. Quenching thirst with poison? Paradoxical effect of anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106987. [PMID: 37949332 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer drugs have been developed with expectations to provide long-term or at least short-term survival benefits for patients with cancer. Unfortunately, drug therapy tends to provoke malignant biological and clinical behaviours of cancer cells relating not only to the evolution of resistance to specific drugs but also to the enhancement of their proliferation and metastasis abilities. Thus, drug therapy is suspected to impair long-term survival in treated patients under certain circumstances. The paradoxical therapeutic effects could be described as 'quenching thirst with poison', where temporary relief is sought regardless of the consequences. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which tumours react on drug-induced stress to maintain viability is crucial to develop rational targeting approaches which may optimize survival in patients with cancer. In this review, we describe the paradoxical adverse effects of anticancer drugs, in particular how cancer cells complete resistance evolution, enhance proliferation, escape from immune surveillance and metastasize efficiently when encountered with drug therapy. We also describe an integrative therapeutic framework that may diminish such paradoxical effects, consisting of four main strategies: (1) targeting endogenous stress response pathways, (2) targeting new identities of cancer cells, (3) adaptive therapy- exploiting subclonal competition of cancer cells, and (4) targeting tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Chai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chuanlei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianpeng Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wentao Mu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Menghan Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongqi Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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17
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Mohamed AS, Abdel-Fattah DS, Abdel-Aleem GA, El-Sheikh TF, Elbatch MM. Biochemical study of the effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome versus L-Dopa in experimentally induced Parkinson's disease in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2795-2811. [PMID: 36966421 PMCID: PMC10627934 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and ongoing neurological condition. Unfortunately, as the dopaminergic terminals continue to deteriorate, the effectiveness of anti-Parkinson therapy decreases. This study aimed to examine the effects of BM-MSCs-derived exosomes in rats induced with Parkinson's disease. The goal was to determine their potential for neurogenic repair and functional restoration. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups: control (group I), PD (group II), PD-L-Dopa (group III), and PD-exosome (group IV). Motor tests, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase were performed on brain tissue. The levels of α-synuclein, DJ-1, PARKIN, circRNA.2837, and microRNA-34b were measured in brain homogenates. Rotenone induced motor deficits and neuronal alterations. Groups (III) and (IV) showed improvement in motor function, histopathology, α-synuclein, PARKIN, and DJ-1 compared to group (II). Group (IV) showed improvement in microRNA-34b and circRNA.2837 compared to groups (III) and (II). MSC-derived exosomes showed a greater suppression of neurodegenerative disease (ND) compared to L-Dopa in Parkinson's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt.
| | - Dina S Abdel-Fattah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdel-Aleem
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Thanaa F El-Sheikh
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Manal M Elbatch
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt
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18
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Huang S, Liu L, Xu Z, Liu X, Wu A, Zhang X, Li Z, Li S, Li Y, Yuan J, Cheng S, Li H, Dong J. Exosomal miR-6733-5p mediates cross-talk between glioblastoma stem cells and macrophages and promotes glioblastoma multiform progression synergistically. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3756-3773. [PMID: 37309294 PMCID: PMC10651992 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Exosomal miRNAs derived from glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are important mediators of immunosuppressive microenvironment formation in glioblastoma multiform (GBM), especially in M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, the exact mechanisms by which GSCs-derived exosomes (GSCs-exo) facilitate the remodeling of the immunosuppressive microenvironment of GBM have not been elucidated. METHODS Transmission electron microscopy (TME) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were applied to verify the existence of GSCs-derived exosomes. Sphere formation assays, flow cytometry, and tumor xenograft transplantation assays were performed to identify the exact roles of exosomal miR-6733-5p. Then, the mechanisms of miR-6733-5p and its downstream target gene regulating crosstalk between GSCs cells and M2 macrophages were further investigated. RESULTS GSCs-derived exosomal miR-6733-5p induce macrophage M2 polarization of TAMs by positively targeting IGF2BP3 to activate the AKT signaling pathway, which further facilitates the self-renewal and stemness of GSCs. CONCLUSION GSCs secrete miR-6733-5p-rich exosomes to induce M2-like polarization of macrophages, as well as enhance GSCs stemness and promote malignant behaviors of GBM through IGF2BP3 activated AKT pathway. Targeting GSCs exosomal miR-6733-5p may provide a potential new strategy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Huang
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryAffiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xinglei Liu
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Anyi Wu
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zengyang Li
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Suwen Li
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yongdong Li
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jiaqi Yuan
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of NeurosurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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19
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Bryja A, Zadka Ł, Farzaneh M, Zehtabi M, Ghasemian M, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Mozdziak P, Zabel M, Podhorska-Okołów M, Dzięgiel P, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Kempisty B. Small extracellular vesicles - A host for advanced bioengineering and "Trojan Horse" of non-coding RNAs. Life Sci 2023; 332:122126. [PMID: 37769803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are a type of membranous vesicles that can be released by cells into the extracellular space. The relationship between sEVs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is highly intricate and interdependent. This symbiotic relationship plays a pivotal role in facilitating intercellular communication and holds profound implications for a myriad of biological processes. The concept of sEVs and their ncRNA cargo as a "Trojan Horse" highlights their remarkable capacity to traverse biological barriers and surreptitiously deliver their cargo to target cells, evading detection by the host-immune system. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEVs may be harnessed as carriers to ferry therapeutic ncRNAs capable of selectively silencing disease-driving genes, particularly in conditions such as cancer. This approach presents several advantages over conventional drug delivery methods, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapy and improved treatment outcomes. However, the utilization of sEVs and ncRNAs as therapeutic agents raises valid concerns regarding the possibility of unforeseen consequences and unintended impacts that may emerge from their application. It is important to consider the fundamental attributes of sEVs and ncRNAs, including by an in-depth analysis of the practical and clinical potentials of exosomes, serving as a representative model for sEVs encapsulating ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Bryja
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zadka
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland.
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20
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Jalil AT, Jehad MT, Al-Ameer LR, Khallawi AQ, Essa IM, Merza MS, Zabibah RS, Al-Hili F. Revolutionizing treatment for triple-negative breast cancer: Harnessing the power of exosomal miRNAs for targeted therapy. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154825. [PMID: 37769396 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a challenging and aggressive form of breast cancer associated with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Although chemotherapy is a primary therapeutic approach, drug resistance often hinders treatment success. However, the expanding knowledge of TNBC subtypes and molecular biology has paved the way for targeted therapies. Notably, exosomes (extracellular vesicles) have emerged as crucial carriers of tumorigenic factors involved in oncogenesis and drug resistance, facilitating cell-to-cell communication and offering potential as self-delivery systems. Among the cargo carried by exosomes, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained attention due to their ability to mediate epigenetic changes in recipient cells upon transfer. Research has confirmed dysregulation of exosomal miRNAs in breast cancer cells compared to healthy cells, establishing them as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the latest research findings that underscore the diagnostic and prognostic significance of exosomal miRNAs in TNBC treatment. Furthermore, we explore contemporary therapeutic approaches utilizing these exosomal miRNAs for the benefit of TNBC patients, shedding light on potential breakthroughs in TNBC management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anwar Qasim Khallawi
- College of Health and Medical Technologies, Medical Laboratory Department, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Israa M Essa
- University of Basrah, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Iraq
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal, University College, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Farah Al-Hili
- Medical technical college, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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21
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Chen X, Li Y, Li M, Xie Y, Wang K, Zhang L, Zou Z, Xiong L. Exosomal miRNAs assist in the crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells and its potential therapeutics. Life Sci 2023; 329:121934. [PMID: 37460057 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that carry active substances (including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) and are essential for homeostasis and signal transmission. Recent studies have focused on the function of exosomal miRNAs in tumor progression. Researchers have expanded the use of exosomes and miRNAs as potential therapeutic tools and biomarkers to detect tumor progression. Immune cells, as an important part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), secrete a majority of exosome-derived miRNAs involved in the biological processes of malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Currently, there is no literature that systematically summarizes the communication of exosome-derived miRNAs between tumor cells and immune cells. Based on the cell specificity of exosome-derived miRNAs, this review provides the first comprehensive summary of the significant miRNAs from the standpoint of exosome sources, which are tumor cells and immune cells. Furthermore, we elaborated on the potential clinical applications of these miRNAs, attempting to propose existing difficulties and future possibilities in tumor diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuqiu Li
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Miao Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Keqin Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhuoling Zou
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Araldi RP, Delvalle DA, da Costa VR, Alievi AL, Teixeira MR, Dias Pinto JR, Kerkis I. Exosomes as a Nano-Carrier for Chemotherapeutics: A New Era of Oncology. Cells 2023; 12:2144. [PMID: 37681875 PMCID: PMC10486723 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable advancements in oncology, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Drug resistance mechanisms acquired by cancer cells and inefficient drug delivery limit the therapeutic efficacy of available chemotherapeutics drugs. However, studies have demonstrated that nano-drug carriers (NDCs) can overcome these limitations. In this sense, exosomes emerge as potential candidates for NDCs. This is because exosomes have better organotropism, homing capacity, cellular uptake, and cargo release ability than synthetic NDCs. In addition, exosomes can serve as NDCs for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, this review aimed to summarize the latest advances in cell-free therapy, describing how the exosomes can contribute to each step of the carcinogenesis process and discussing how these nanosized vesicles could be explored as nano-drug carriers for chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
- BioDecision Analytics Ltd.a., São Paulo 13271-650, SP, Brazil;
| | - Denis Adrián Delvalle
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rodrigues da Costa
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Lucas Alievi
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Endocrinology and Metabology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelli Ramires Teixeira
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Endocrinology and Metabology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Irina Kerkis
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
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Kumar SK, Sasidhar MV. Recent Trends in the Use of Small Extracellular Vesicles as Optimal Drug Delivery Vehicles in Oncology. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3829-3842. [PMID: 37410017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are produced by most cells and play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Their ability to transfer biological cargo to target cells makes them a promising tool for cancer drug delivery. Advances in sEV engineering, EV mimetics, and ligand-directed targeting have improved the efficacy of anticancer drug delivery and functionality. EV-based RNA interference and hybrid miRNA transfer have also been extensively used in various preclinical cancer models. Despite these developments, gaps still exist in our understanding of using sEVs to treat solid tumor malignancies effectively. This article provides an overview of the last five years of sEV research and its current status for the efficient and targeted elimination of cancer cells, which could advance cancer research and bring sEV formulations into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwareddy Kartik Kumar
- Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 500033, India
| | - Manda Venkata Sasidhar
- Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 500033, India
- Urvogelbio Private Limited, AHERF, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 500033, India
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24
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Ponomaryova AA, Rykova EY, Solovyova AI, Tarasova AS, Kostromitsky DN, Dobrodeev AY, Afanasiev SA, Cherdyntseva NV. Genomic and Transcriptomic Research in the Discovery and Application of Colorectal Cancer Circulating Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12407. [PMID: 37569782 PMCID: PMC10419249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in the world. However, the mortality from CRC can be reduced through early diagnostics, selection of the most effective treatment, observation of the therapy success, and the earliest possible diagnosis of recurrences. A comprehensive analysis of genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to the CRC development is needed to refine diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies and to ensure appropriate decision making in managing specific CRC cases. The liquid biopsy approach utilizing circulating markers has demonstrated its good performance as a tool to detect the changes in the molecular pathways associated with various cancers. In this review, we attempted to brief the main tendencies in the development of circulating DNA and RNA-based markers in CRC such as cancer-associated DNA mutations, DNA methylation changes, and non-coding RNA expression shifts. Attention is devoted to the existing circulating nucleic acid-based CRC markers, the possibility of their application in clinical practice today, and their future improvement. Approaches to the discovery and verification of new markers are described, and the existing problems and potential solutions for them are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A. Ponomaryova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Yu. Rykova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Engineering Problems of Ecology, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630087 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia I. Solovyova
- Department of Biochemistry, Medico-Biological Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna S. Tarasova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry N. Kostromitsky
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu. Dobrodeev
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Afanasiev
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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25
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Wang Z, Tan W, Li B, Zou J, Li Y, Xiao Y, He Y, Yoshida S, Zhou Y. Exosomal non-coding RNAs in angiogenesis: Functions, mechanisms and potential clinical applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18626. [PMID: 37560684 PMCID: PMC10407155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can be produced by most cells. Exosomes act as important intermediaries in intercellular communication, and participate in a variety of biological activities between cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) usually refer to RNAs that do not encode proteins. Although ncRNAs have no protein-coding capacity, they are able to regulate gene expression at multiple levels. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, which is an important physiological process. However, abnormal angiogenesis could induce many diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy and cancer. Many studies have shown that ncRNAs can stably exist in exosomes and play a wide range of physiological and pathological roles including regulation of angiogenesis. In brief, some specific ncRNAs can be enriched in exosomes secreted by cells and absorbed by recipient cells through the exosome pathway, thus activating relevant signaling pathways in target cells and playing a role in regulating angiogenesis. In this review, we describe the physiological and pathological functions of exosomal ncRNAs in angiogenesis, summarize their role in angiogenesis-related diseases, and illustrate potential clinical applications like novel drug therapy strategies and diagnostic markers in exosome research as inspiration for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jingling Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yangyan Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yedi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Ye Q, Raese RA, Luo D, Feng J, Xin W, Dong C, Qian Y, Guo NL. MicroRNA-Based Discovery of Biomarkers, Therapeutic Targets, and Repositioning Drugs for Breast Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1917. [PMID: 37508580 PMCID: PMC10378316 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment can be improved with biomarkers for early detection and individualized therapy. A set of 86 microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified to separate breast cancer tumors from normal breast tissues (n = 52) with an overall accuracy of 90.4%. Six miRNAs had concordant expression in both tumors and breast cancer patient blood samples compared with the normal control samples. Twelve miRNAs showed concordant expression in tumors vs. normal breast tissues and patient survival (n = 1093), with seven as potential tumor suppressors and five as potential oncomiRs. From experimentally validated target genes of these 86 miRNAs, pan-sensitive and pan-resistant genes with concordant mRNA and protein expression associated with in-vitro drug response to 19 NCCN-recommended breast cancer drugs were selected. Combined with in-vitro proliferation assays using CRISPR-Cas9/RNAi and patient survival analysis, MEK inhibitors PD19830 and BRD-K12244279, pilocarpine, and tremorine were discovered as potential new drug options for treating breast cancer. Multi-omics biomarkers of response to the discovered drugs were identified using human breast cancer cell lines. This study presented an artificial intelligence pipeline of miRNA-based discovery of biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and repositioning drugs that can be applied to many cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Rebecca A. Raese
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Dajie Luo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Juan Feng
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Wenjun Xin
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Chunlin Dong
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
| | - Yong Qian
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational and Safety & Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA;
| | - Nancy Lan Guo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (R.A.R.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (W.X.); (C.D.)
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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27
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Tsunedomi R, Shindo Y, Nakajima M, Yoshimura K, Nagano H. The tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer and its potential in the identification of immunotherapy biomarkers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1121-1134. [PMID: 37947389 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2281482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer (PC) has an extremely poor prognosis, even with surgical resection and triplet chemotherapy treatment. Cancer immunotherapy has been recently approved for tumor-agnostic treatment with genome analysis, including in PC. However, it has limited efficacy. AREAS COVERED In addition to the low tumor mutation burden, one of the difficulties of immunotherapy in PC is the presence of abundant stromal cells in its microenvironment. Among stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a major role in immunotherapy resistance, and CAF-targeted therapies are currently under development, including those in combination with immunotherapies. Meanwhile, microbiomes and tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) have been shown to alter the behavior of distant receptor cells in PC. This review discusses the role of CAFs, microbiomes, and TDEs in PC tumor immunity. EXPERT OPINION Elucidating the mechanisms by which CAFs, microbiomes, and TDEs are involved in the tumorigenesis of PC will be helpful for developing novel immunotherapeutic strategies and identifying companion biomarkers for immunotherapy. Spatial single-cell analysis of the tumor microenvironment will be useful for identifying biomarkers of PC immunity. Furthermore, given the complexity of immune mechanisms, artificial intelligence models will be beneficial for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouichi Tsunedomi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masao Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshimura
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immuno-Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Shokati E, Safari E. The immunomodulatory role of exosomal microRNA networks in the crosstalk between tumor-associated myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110267. [PMID: 37276829 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are considered a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells engaging in aggressive tumor progression and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of patients diagnosed with cancer, through downregulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Exosomes are small vesicles carrying specific cargos, including proteins, lipids, and MicroRNA (miRNAs). Such exosomal miRNAs delivered by MDSCs and tumor cells are short noncoding RNAs mediating some of the immunosuppressive characteristics of MDSCs in the TME. However, when it comes to cancer diseases, how these miRNAs interact with MDSCs and encourage MDSCs differentiation and function need further investigations. In this review, we discuss MDSC-derived exosomal miRNAs and those derived from tumor cells (TDE) could modulate anti-tumor immunity and regulate the interaction between tumor cells and MDSCs in the TME. Afterward, we focus on dividing miRNAs, as an important substance interacting with MDSCs and tumor cells in the TME, into those have an immunosuppressive or stimulating effect not only on MDSCs expansion, differentiation, and suppressive function but also on tumor evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shokati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elahe Safari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Chen C, Yang C, Tian X, Liang Y, Wang S, Wang X, Shou Y, Li H, Xiao Q, Shu J, Sun M, Chen K. Downregulation of miR-100-5p in cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes facilitates lymphangiogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37184125 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), an aggressive gastrointestinal tumor, often has high early lymphatic metastatic potential. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are primary components in tumor microenvironment (TME), and the impact of CAFs and its derived exosomes on lymphangiogenesis remains elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS CAFs and the microlymphatic vessel density (MLVD) in ESCC was examined. Exosomes were extracted from primary normal fibroblast (NFs) and CAFs. Subsequently, tumor-associated lymphatic endothelial cells (TLECs) were treated with these exosomes, and the effect on their biological behavior was examined. miR-100-5p was selected as the target miRNA, and its effect on TLECs was examined. The target of miR-100-5p was predicted and confirmed. Subsequently, IGF1R, PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT expression in TLECs and tumors treated with exosomes and miR-100-5p were examined. RESULTS A large number of CAFs and microlymphatic vessels were present in ESCC, leading to a poor prognosis. CAF-derived exosomes promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation in TLECs. Further, they also enhanced lymphangiogenesis in ESCC xenografts. miR-100-5p levels were significantly lower in CAF-derived exosomes than in NF-derived exosomes. miR-100-5p inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation in TLECs. Further, miR-100-5p inhibited lymphangiogenesis in ESCC xenografts. Mechanistic studies revealed that this inhibition was mediated by the miR-100-5p-induced inhibition of IGF1R/PI3K/AKT axis. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study demonstrates that CAF-derived exosomes with decreased miR-100-5p levels exhibit pro-lymphangiogenesis capacity, suggesting a possibility of targeting IGF1R/PI3K/AKT axis as a strategy to inhibit lymphatic metastasis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenbo Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Osteology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaiyuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Shou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiankun Xiao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiao Shu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kuisheng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang H, Liu L, Liu Q, Zheng J, Zheng Q, Chen Y, Xia H, Wu Q, Sun Y. Identification of upregulated exosomal miRNAs between A2780 and A2780/DDP human ovarian cancer cells by high-throughput sequencing. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:94. [PMID: 37179363 PMCID: PMC10182643 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal miRNAs are known to play important roles in ovarian cancer and chemotherapeutic resistance. However, a systematic evaluation of characteristics of exosomal miRNAs involved in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer remains totally unclear. Exosomes (Exo-A2780, Exo-A2780/DDP) were extracted from cisplatin-sensitive cells (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant cells (A2780/DDP). Differential exosomal miRNA expression profiles were found by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Target genes of the exo-miRNAs were predicted by using two online databases to increase the prediction accuracy. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were utilized to find biological relationships with chemoresistance. RT‒qPCR of three exosomal miRNAs was performed, and a protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network was established to identify the hub genes. The GDSC database was used to prove the association between hsa-miR-675-3p expression and the IC50 value. An integrated miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to predict miRNA-mRNA associations. The connection between hsa-miR-675-3p and ovarian cancer was discovered by immune microenvironment analyses. The upregulated exosomal miRNAs could regulate gene targets through signalling pathways such as the Ras, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, and ErbB pathways. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the target genes were involved in protein binding, transcription regulator activity and DNA binding. The RT‒qPCR results were consistent with the HTS data, and the results of PPI network analysis suggested that FMR1 and CD86 were the hub genes. GDSC database analysis and construction of the integrated miRNA-mRNA network suggested that hsa-miR-675-3p was associated with drug resistance. Immune microenvironment analyses showed that hsa-miR-675-3p was crucial in ovarian cancer. The study suggested that exosomal hsa-miR-675-3p is a potential target for treating ovarian cancer and overcoming cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325099, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qinying Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province, 350014, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiuhong Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province, 350014, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hongmei Xia
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420 Fuma Road, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province, 350014, Fuzhou, China.
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Jahromi FNA, Dowran R, Jafari R. Recent advances in the roles of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) in hematologic neoplasms: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:88. [PMID: 37127640 PMCID: PMC10152632 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical diagnosis, the capability of exosomes to serve as biomarkers is one of the most important biological functions of exosomes. The superior stability of exosome biomarkers makes them superior to those isolated from traditional samples such as serum and urine. Almost all body fluids contain exosomes, which contain proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Several molecular components of exosomes, including exosome proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), are promising diagnostic biomarkers. These exosomes may carry genetic information by containing messenger RNA (mRNA) and miRNA. The miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate protein-coding genes by acting as translational repressors. It has been shown that miRNAs are mis-expressed in a range of conditions, including hematologic neoplasms. Additionally, miRNAs found within exosomes have been linked with specific diseases, including hematologic neoplasms. Numerous studies suggest that circulating exosomes contain miRNAs similar to those found in parental cancer cells. Exosomes contain miRNAs that are released by almost all kinds of cells. MiRNAs are packaged into exosomes and delivered to recipient cells, and manipulate its function. It has been recognized that exosomes are new therapeutic targets for immunotherapy and biomedicine of cancers. The current review discusses the current evidence around exosomal miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hematologic neoplasms. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faride Nam Avar Jahromi
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Dowran
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BoX: 1138, Shafa St., Ershad Blvd., 57147, Urmia, Iran.
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Almeida C, Teixeira AL, Dias F, Morais M, Medeiros R. Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Therapeutic Messengers in Cancer Management. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050665. [PMID: 37237479 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A deeper understanding of the communication mechanisms of tumor cells in a tumor microenvironment can improve the development of new therapeutic solutions, leading to a more personalized approach. Recently, the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has drawn attention due to their key role in intercellular communication. EVs are nano-sized lipid bilayer vesicles that are secreted by all types of cells and can function as intermediators of intercellular communication with the ability to transfer different cargo (proteins, nucleic acids, sugar…) types among cells. This role of EVs is essential in a cancer context as it can affect tumor promotion and progression and contribute to the pre-metastatic niche establishment. Therefore, scientists from basic, translational, and clinical research areas are currently researching EVs with great expectations due to their potential to be used as clinical biomarkers, which are useful for disease diagnosis, prognosis, patient follow-up, or even as vehicles for drug delivery due to their natural carrier nature. The application of EVs presents numerous advantages as drug delivery vehicles, namely their capacity to overcome natural barriers, their inherent cell-targeting properties, and their stability in the circulation. In this review, we highlight the distinctive features of EVs, their application as efficient drug delivery systems, and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Almeida
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department of the Portuguese League Against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRNorte), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department of the Portuguese League Against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRNorte), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
- Fernando Pessoa Research, Innovation and Development Institute (I3ID FFP), Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Chen F, Fan Q, Liu Y, Wan Z, Nibaruta J, Lv J, Han X, Wu L, Wang H, Leng Y. Role of microRNAs in programmed cell death in renal diseases: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33453. [PMID: 37058073 PMCID: PMC10101263 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression involving kidney morphogenesis and cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, invasion, immune evasion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Programmed cell death (PCD) is mediated and regulated by specific genes and a wealth of miRNAs, which participate in various pathological processes. Dysregulation of miRNAs can disrupt renal development and induce the onset and progression of various renal diseases. An in-depth understanding of how miRNAs regulate renal development and diseases is indispensable to comprehending how they can be used in new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, the mechanisms are still insufficiently investigated. Hence, we review the current roles of miRNA-related signaling pathways and recent advances in PCD research and aim to display the potential crosstalk between miRNAs and PCD. The prospects of miRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets are also described, which might provide some novel ideas for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Xinghua Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Nankai Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Zhanhai Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Janvier Nibaruta
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Jipeng Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Xuena Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yufang Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, GanSu Province, China
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Ye Q, Raese R, Luo D, Cao S, Wan YW, Qian Y, Guo NL. MicroRNA, mRNA, and Proteomics Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Improving Lung Cancer Treatment Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082294. [PMID: 37190222 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of lung cancer patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease. This study identified a set of 73 microRNAs (miRNAs) that classified lung cancer tumors from normal lung tissues with an overall accuracy of 96.3% in the training patient cohort (n = 109) and 91.7% in unsupervised classification and 92.3% in supervised classification in the validation set (n = 375). Based on association with patient survival (n = 1016), 10 miRNAs were identified as potential tumor suppressors (hsa-miR-144, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-223, hsa-miR-30a, hsa-miR-30b, hsa-miR-30d, hsa-miR-335, hsa-miR-363, hsa-miR-451, and hsa-miR-99a), and 4 were identified as potential oncogenes (hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-31, hsa-miR-411, and hsa-miR-494) in lung cancer. Experimentally confirmed target genes were identified for the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, from which proliferation genes were selected from CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening assays. Pansensitive and panresistant genes to 21 NCCN-recommended drugs with concordant mRNA and protein expression were identified. DGKE and WDR47 were found with significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. These findings have implications for improving lung cancer diagnosis, optimizing treatment selection, and discovering new drug options for better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Rebecca Raese
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Dajie Luo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Shu Cao
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Yong Qian
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Nancy Lan Guo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Malgundkar SH, Tamimi Y. Exosomes as crucial emerging tools for intercellular communication with therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO833. [PMID: 37006229 PMCID: PMC10051132 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
More than two-thirds of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of sensitive biomarkers. Currently, exosomes are intensively investigated as non-invasive cancer diagnostic markers. Exosomes are nanovesicles released in the extracellular milieu with the potential to modulate recipient cells' behavior. EOC cells release many altered exosomal cargoes that exhibit clinical relevance to tumor progression. Exosomes represent powerful therapeutic tools (drug carriers or vaccines), posing a promising option in clinical practice for curing EOC in the near future. In this review, we highlight the importance of exosomes in cell–cell communication, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and their potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic factors, particularly in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shika Hanif Malgundkar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 35, PC 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 35, PC 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Dunlop RA, Banack SA, Cox PA. L1CAM immunocapture generates a unique extracellular vesicle population with a reproducible miRNA fingerprint. RNA Biol 2023; 20:140-148. [PMID: 37042019 PMCID: PMC10101655 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2198805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs with significant potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, a lack of reproducibility across studies has hindered their introduction into clinical settings. Inconsistencies between studies include a lack of consensus on the miRNAs associated with a specific disease and the direction of regulation. These differences may reflect the heterogenous nature of pathologies with multiple phenotypes, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is also possible that discrepancies are due to different sampling, processing, and analysis protocols across labs. Using miRNA extracted from L1CAM immunoaffinity purified extracellular vesicles (neural-enriched extracellular vesicles or NEE), we thrice replicated an 8-miRNA fingerprint diagnostic of ALS, which includes the miRNA species and direction of regulation. We aimed to determine if the extra purification steps required to generate NEE created a unique extracellular vesicle (EV) fraction that might contribute to the robustness and replicability of our assay. We compared three fractions from control human plasma: 1) total heterogenous EVs (T), 2) L1CAM/neural enriched EVs (NEE), and 3) the remaining total-minus-NEE fraction (T-N). Each fraction was characterized for size, total protein content, and protein markers, then total RNA was extracted, and qPCR was run on 20 miRNAs. We report that the miRNA expression within NEE was different enough compared to T and T-N to justify the extra steps required to generate this fraction. We conclude that L1CAM immunocapture generates a unique fraction of EVs that consistently and robustly replicates a miRNA fingerprint which differentiates ALS patients from controls.
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Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, which have the ability to convey various types of cargo between cells. Lately, a great amount of interest has been paid to exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), since much evidence has suggested that the sorting of miRNAs into exosomes is not an accidental process. It has been shown that exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRNAs) are implicated in a variety of cellular processes including (but not limited to) cell migration, apoptosis, proliferation, and autophagy. Exosomes can play a role in cardiovascular diseases and can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for several diseases, especially cancer. Tremendous advances in technology have led to the development of various platforms for miRNA profiling. Each platform has its own limitations and strengths that need to be understood in order to use them properly. In the current review, we summarize some exo-miRNAs that are relevant to exo-miRNA profiling studies and describe new methods used for the measurement of miRNA profiles in different human bodily fluids.
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Shahverdi M, Darvish M. Exosomal microRNAs: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Small Bio-molecule in Esophageal Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:312-323. [PMID: 35319366 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220321125134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. EC is usually diagnosed at a late stage, and despite aggressive therapy, the five-year survival rate of patients remains poor. Exosomes play important roles in cancer biology. Indeed, exosomes are implicated in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion. They contain bioactive molecules such as lipids, proteins, and non-coding RNAs. Exosome research has recently concentrated on microRNAs, which are tiny noncoding endogenous RNAs that can alter gene expression and are linked to nearly all physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. It is suggested that deregulation of miRNAs results in cancer progression and directly induces tumor initiation. In esophageal cancer, miRNA dysregulation plays an important role in cancer prognosis and patients' responsiveness to therapy, indicating that miRNAs are important in tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the impact of exosomal miRNAs on esophageal cancer pathogenesis and their potential applications for EC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Shahverdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Extracellular Vesicles' Role in the Pathophysiology and as Biomarkers in Cystic Fibrosis and COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010228. [PMID: 36613669 PMCID: PMC9820204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In keeping with the extraordinary interest and advancement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pathogenesis and diagnosis fields, we herein present an update to the knowledge about their role in cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although CF and COPD stem from a different origin, one genetic and the other acquired, they share a similar pathophysiology, being the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein implied in both disorders. Various subsets of EVs, comprised mainly of microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs), are secreted by various cell types that are either resident or attracted in the airways during the onset and progression of CF and COPD lung disease, representing a vehicle for metabolites, proteins and RNAs (especially microRNAs), that in turn lead to events as such neutrophil influx, the overwhelming of proteases (elastase, metalloproteases), oxidative stress, myofibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Eventually, all of these pathomechanisms lead to chronic inflammation, mucus overproduction, remodeling of the airways, and fibrosis, thus operating a complex interplay among cells and tissues. The detection of MVs and EXOs in blood and biological fluids coming from the airways (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum) allows the consideration of EVs and their cargoes as promising biomarkers for CF and COPD, although clinical expectations have yet to be fulfilled.
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Huang L, Zhang L, Chen X. Updated review of advances in microRNAs and complex diseases: experimental results, databases, webservers and data fusion. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6696143. [PMID: 36094095 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene regulators involved in the pathogenesis of complex diseases such as cancers, and thus serve as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. The prerequisite for designing effective miRNA therapies is accurate discovery of miRNA-disease associations (MDAs), which has attracted substantial research interests during the last 15 years, as reflected by more than 55 000 related entries available on PubMed. Abundant experimental data gathered from the wealth of literature could effectively support the development of computational models for predicting novel associations. In 2017, Chen et al. published the first-ever comprehensive review on MDA prediction, presenting various relevant databases, 20 representative computational models, and suggestions for building more powerful ones. In the current review, as the continuation of the previous study, we revisit miRNA biogenesis, detection techniques and functions; summarize recent experimental findings related to common miRNA-associated diseases; introduce recent updates of miRNA-relevant databases and novel database releases since 2017, present mainstream webservers and new webserver releases since 2017 and finally elaborate on how fusion of diverse data sources has contributed to accurate MDA prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Academy of Arts and Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China.,The Future Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China.,Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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Cocks A, Del Vecchio F, Martinez-Rodriguez V, Schukking M, Fabbri M. Pro-tumoral functions of tumor-associated macrophage EV-miRNA. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:58-63. [PMID: 34371201 PMCID: PMC8821730 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are central players in cancer biology. Their relevance in cancer development, progression and resistance to therapy has been further emphasized by the discovery that they are important cargo component of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which represent a prominent means of inter-cellular communication within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review article focuses on the interaction between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and in particular on the pro-tumoral phenotype elicited by EV-contained miRNAs released by TAMs and transferred to cancer cells. All main hallmarks of the malignant phenotype are affected by TAM-derived vesicular miRNAs, paving the road to the identification of such miRNAs as promising upcoming novel anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Cocks
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Filippo Del Vecchio
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Verena Martinez-Rodriguez
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Monique Schukking
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA; Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
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Faraji G, Moeini P, Ranjbar MH. Exosomal microRNAs in breast cancer and their potential in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment prediction. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154081. [PMID: 35994809 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The significance of exosomal microRNAs (EmiRs) in breast cancer (BC) diagnosis has been widely addressed over the past decades. However, little information is still available regarding these reliable biomarkers' impacts on BC early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcome predictions, but their great potential in spotting BC early and their predictive essence in BC prognosis and treatment results are promising against this common cancer. The present review focuses on the most recent findings and advancements of EmiRs applications in BC early diagnosis and treatment prediction and identifies current helpful EmiRs that are widely used in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Faraji
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Hasan Ranjbar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr, Iran.
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Xie M, Wang F, Yang J, Guo Y, Ding F, Lu X, Huang Y, Li Y, Zhu X, Zhang C. DNA Zipper Mediated Membrane Fusion for Rapid Exosomal MiRNA Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13043-13051. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fujun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiapei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xinmiao Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yangyang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yimeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Exosomal miR-195 in hUC-MSCs alleviates hypoxia-induced damage of trophoblast cells through tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2. Curr Res Transl Med 2022; 70:103352. [PMID: 35940082 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2022.103352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-195 (miR-195) was decreased in the patients with pre-eclampsia (PE), which was implicated to modulate PE. Moreover, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2), which was highly expressed in the placenta of PE patients, was negatively correlated with miR-195 levels. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-195 in the cell therapy for the treatment of PE and the underlying mechanisms. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were transfected with miR-195 mimic or mimic negative control to extract exosomes. HTR8/SVneo was incubated under hypoxia condition to induce cell damage, and co-co-cultured with exosomes derived from hUC-MSCs to evaluate its effect. Hypoxia time-dependently caused a decrease on miR-195 level with an increase on TFPI2 expression in HTR8/SVneo. MiR-195 directly bind to TFPI2 and inhibited TFPI2 expression in hUC-MSCs. Moreover, hypoxia-induced cell damage in HTR8/SVneo was significantly attenuated by co-culture with hUC-MSC-derived exosomes. Exosomes extracted from miR-195-overexpressed hUC-MSCs, could further ameliorate hypoxia-induced cell damage, due to the excessive amount of miR-195 delivered by exosomes. Exosomal miR-195 in hUC-MSCs alleviated hypoxia-induced cell damage through TFPI2, which might provide a potential therapeutic approach for pre-eclampsia.
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Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, Cheng Q. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24673. [PMID: 36036748 PMCID: PMC9551129 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85%-90% of primary liver cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'UTR of mRNA. Abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of HCC, and miRNAs can also play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an essential regulatory role in HCC and have potential as biomarkers for HCC. We reviewed the literature to summarize these studies. RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we retrospected the roles of miRNAs in the development, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC, and put forward prospects for the further research on miRNAs in the precision treatment of HCC. CONCLUSION MicroRNAs are important regulators and biomarkers in the occurrence, progression, outcome, and treatment of HCC, and can provide new targets and strategies for improving the therapeutic effect of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Chen X, Yu L, Hao K, Yin X, Tu M, Cai L, Zhang L, Pan X, Gao Q, Huang Y. Fucosylated exosomal miRNAs as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of early lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:935184. [PMID: 36033494 PMCID: PMC9414872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.935184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Considering the absence of apparent symptoms at the early stage, most patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) present at an advanced stage, leading to a dismal 5-year survival rate of <20%. Thus, finding perspective non-invasive biomarkers for early LUAD is very essential. Methods We developed a fucose-captured strategy based on lentil lectin-magnetic beads to isolate fucosylated exosomes from serum. Then, a prospective study was conducted to define the diagnostic value of serum exosomal miRNAs for early LUAD. A total of 310 participants were enrolled, including 146 LUAD, 98 benign pulmonary nodules (BPNs), and 66 healthy controls (HCs). Firstly, exosome miRNAs in the discovery cohort (n = 24) were profiled by small RNA sequencing. Secondly, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were selected for further screening in a screening cohort (n = 64) by qRT-PCR. Finally, four candidate miRNAs were selected for further validation in a validating cohort (n = 222). Results This study demonstrated the feasibility of a fucose-captured strategy for the isolation of fucosylated exosomes from serum, evidenced with exosomal characteristics identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blotting, as well as rapid and convenient operation of <10 min. Furthermore, a miRNA panel for early LUAD composed of miR4732-5p, miR451a, miR486-5p, and miR139-3p was defined with an AUC of 0.8554 at 91.07% sensitivity and 66.36% specificity. Conclusions The fucose-captured strategy provides a reliable, as well as rapid and convenient, approach for the isolation of tumor-derived exosomes from serum. A four-fucosylated exosomal miRNA panel presents good performance for early LUAD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfeng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Hao
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Glyexo Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Tu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liqing Cai
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangming Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Pan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Glyexo Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Huang, ; Qi Gao,
| | - Yi Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Central laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Huang, ; Qi Gao,
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Gao H, He Z, Gao C, Liu N, Zhang Z, Niu W, Niu J, Peng C. Exosome-transmitted miR-3124-5p promotes cholangiocarcinoma development via targeting GDF11. Front Oncol 2022; 12:936507. [PMID: 35978818 PMCID: PMC9376483 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.936507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is a deadly cancer worldwide with limited available therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate key exosomal miRNAs and their functions in CHOL development. Methods Serum exosomes were isolated from patients with CHOL and healthy controls, followed by miRNA sequencing for identifying differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and their functions. Then, the expression of key DEMs was experimentally validated in exosomes from clinical CHOL patients and CHOL cells. The effects of overexpression of key DEMs on CHOL cell migration and proliferation were investigated. A key exosomal DEM miR-3124-5p was identified. The effects of overexpression or knockdown of exosomal miR-3124-5p on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated. Moreover, the function of exosomal miR-3124-5p on tumor growth in vivo was explored. Results A total of 632 exosomal DEMs were identified between CHOL and control samples. Target genes of DEMs were significantly enriched in pathways, such as the p53 signaling pathway. miR-3124-5p was upregulated in serum exosomes from CHOL patients and exosomes from CHOL cells, and overexpression of miR-3124-5p promoted RBE cell migration and viability. Moreover, overexpression of exosomal miR-3124-5p promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs, while knockdown of miR-3124-5p had the opposite effect. miR-3124-5p could target growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and downregulate GDF11 expression. Furthermore, exosomal miR-3124-5p promoted tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions Our findings revealed that exosome-encapsulated miR-3124-5p promoted the malignant progression of CHOL by targeting GDF11. Exosomal miR-3124-5p and GDF11 could be promising biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CHOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaobin He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Naiqing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhang
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weibo Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Institute of Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgery of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Peng,
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Novel antitumor therapeutic strategy using CD4+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mitchell MI, Ma J, Carter CL, Loudig O. Circulating Exosome Cargoes Contain Functionally Diverse Cancer Biomarkers: From Biogenesis and Function to Purification and Potential Translational Utility. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3350. [PMID: 35884411 PMCID: PMC9318395 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although diagnostic and therapeutic treatments of cancer have tremendously improved over the past two decades, the indolent nature of its symptoms has made early detection challenging. Thus, inter-disciplinary (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic) research efforts have been focused on the non-invasive identification of unique "silver bullet" cancer biomarkers for the design of ultra-sensitive molecular diagnostic assays. Circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CTCs and ctDNAs, which are released by tumors in the circulation, have already demonstrated their clinical utility for the non-invasive detection of certain solid tumors. Considering that exosomes are actively produced by all cells, including tumor cells, and can be found in the circulation, they have been extensively assessed for their potential as a source of circulating cell-specific biomarkers. Exosomes are particularly appealing because they represent a stable and encapsulated reservoir of active biological compounds that may be useful for the non-invasive detection of cancer. T biogenesis of these extracellular vesicles is profoundly altered during carcinogenesis, but because they harbor unique or uniquely combined surface proteins, cancer biomarker studies have been focused on their purification from biofluids, for the analysis of their RNA, DNA, protein, and lipid cargoes. In this review, we evaluate the biogenesis of normal and cancer exosomes, provide extensive information on the state of the art, the current purification methods, and the technologies employed for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic evaluation of their cargoes. Our thorough examination of the literature highlights the current limitations and promising future of exosomes as a liquid biopsy for the identification of circulating tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan I Mitchell
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Claire L Carter
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Olivier Loudig
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
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Dhar R, Mallik S, Devi A. Exosomal microRNAs (exoMIRs): micromolecules with macro impact in oral cancer. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:155. [DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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