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Rodriguez Betancourt A, Samal A, Chan HL, Kripfgans OD. Overview of Ultrasound in Dentistry for Advancing Research Methodology and Patient Care Quality with Emphasis on Periodontal/Peri-implant Applications. Z Med Phys 2023; 33:336-386. [PMID: 36922293 PMCID: PMC10517409 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound is a non-invasive, cross-sectional imaging technique emerging in dentistry. It is an adjunct tool for diagnosing pathologies in the oral cavity that overcomes some limitations of current methodologies, including direct clinical examination, 2D radiographs, and cone beam computerized tomography. Increasing demand for soft tissue imaging has led to continuous improvements on transducer miniaturization and spatial resolution. The aims of this study are (1) to create a comprehensive overview of the current literature of ultrasonic imaging relating to dentistry, and (2) to provide a view onto investigations with immediate, intermediate, and long-term impact in periodontology and implantology. METHODS A rapid literature review was performed using two broad searches conducted in the PubMed database, yielding 576 and 757 citations, respectively. A rating was established within a citation software (EndNote) using a 5-star classification. The broad search with 757 citations allowed for high sensitivity whereas the subsequent rating added specificity. RESULTS A critical review of the clinical applications of ultrasound in dentistry was provided with a focus on applications in periodontology and implantology. The role of ultrasound as a developing dental diagnostic tool was reviewed. Specific uses such as soft and hard tissue imaging, longitudinal monitoring, as well as anatomic and physiological evaluation were discussed. CONCLUSIONS Future efforts should be directed towards the transition of ultrasonography from a research tool to a clinical tool. Moreover, a dedicated effort is needed to introduce ultrasonic imaging to dental education and the dental community to ultimately improve the quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankita Samal
- Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hsun-Liang Chan
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ozturk T, Yagci A. Association between incisor positions and amount of interdental stripping in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 159:e439-e448. [PMID: 33678467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nonextraction treatment approach with interdental stripping (IDS) on the dentofacial structures in patients with dental and skeletal Class I, II, and III malocclusions. METHODS A total of 60 patients with mild-to-moderate crowding of the teeth and nonsevere skeletal malocclusion were included and divided into 3 groups: Class I, Class II, and Class III groups (n = 20 per group). In all patients, nonextraction orthodontic treatment was administered, and those who underwent IDS at the jaw quadrants as needed were evaluated. For pretreatment and posttreatment evaluation, lateral cephalometric radiography and 3-dimensional dental model scans were acquired for each patient. For statistical analysis, paired-samples t test and 1-way analysis of variance with Tukey post-hoc test were used for parametric variables, whereas the Wilcoxon paired signed rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn post-hoc test were used for nonparametric variables. RESULTS An increase in the maxillary incisor angle was observed in patients with Class I and Class III malocclusions, whereas a decrease was observed in patients with a Class II malocclusion (P < 0.05). Mandibular incisor angles were significantly increased in the Class II malocclusion group (P < 0.05) but unchanged in the other groups. IDS was more frequently applied to the posterior aspect of the maxilla and mandible in patients with a Class II malocclusion than in patients with other malocclusion types, and the amount of IDS at the anterior aspect of the mandible was significantly higher in the Class III group. CONCLUSIONS Combined nonextraction orthodontic treatment and IDS yielded successful treatment outcomes. IDS application was localized to different jaw regions according to the different malocclusion types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Ozturk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Yagci
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Kanazawa T, Murayama R, Furuichi T, Imai A, Suda S, Kurokawa H, Takamizawa T, Miyazaki M. Ultrasonic monitoring of the setting of silicone elastomeric impression materials. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:63-68. [PMID: 27928107 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study used an ultrasonic measurement device to monitor the setting behavior of silicone elastomeric impression materials, and the influence of temperature on setting behavior was determined. The ultrasonic device consisted of a pulser-receiver, transducers, and an oscilloscope. The two-way transit time through the mixing material was divided by two to account for the down-and-back travel path; then it was multiplied by the sonic velocity. Analysis of variance and the Tukey honest significant difference test were used. In the early stages of the setting process, most of the ultrasonic energy was absorbed by the elastomers and the second echoes were relatively weak. As the elastomers hardened, the sonic velocities increased until they plateaued. The changes in sonic velocities varied among the elastomers tested, and were affected by temperature conditions. The ultrasonic method used in this study has considerable potential for determining the setting processes of elastomeric impression materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Kanazawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Nguyen KCT, Le LH, Kaipatur NR, Major PW. Imaging the Cemento-Enamel Junction Using a 20-MHz Ultrasonic Transducer. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:333-8. [PMID: 26546266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), which is the intersection between enamel and cementum, is an important landmark in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. Pulse-echo ultrasound was used to image the CEJs of six porcine lower central incisors with a single 20-MHz transducer. A notch was longitudinally created on the enamel as a stable marker, from which the CEJ was measured. Data were acquired along the tooth's axis at 0.4-mm intervals. Time-distance data were bandpass-filtered to enhance signal-to-noise ratio and record density was increased fourfold to 0.1-mm spacing by a frequency-distance interpolation scheme. Reflections from the CEJ were unambiguously identified along with those from enamel, dentin and cementum. The notch-CEJ distances measured by the ultrasound and micro-computed tomography methods correlated strongly (r = 0.996, p < 0.05) and were in good agreement with the 95% lines of agreement between -0.49 and 0.17 mm, as statistically determined by Bland-Altman analysis. The results indicate the potential of ultrasound to be a reliable and non-ionizing technique to image the CEJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Cuong T Nguyen
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lawrence H Le
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Paul W Major
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Arnold WH, Haddad B, Schaper K, Hagemann K, Lippold C, Danesh G. Enamel surface alterations after repeated conditioning with HCl. Head Face Med 2015; 11:32. [PMID: 26407628 PMCID: PMC4582937 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-015-0089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of etching time with 15 % hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the enamel surface destruction by studying the resulting roughness and erosion depth. Methods The vestibular surfaces of 12 extracted, caries free human incisors were divided into four quadrants, and each quadrant was etched with 15 % HCl for different numbers of etching cycles (1×2, 2×2, 3×2 and 4×2 min). Surface roughness and erosion depth were measured quantitatively with optical profilometry, and the surface morphology was imaged with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results After two minutes of 15 % HCl application a median enamel substance loss of 34.02 μm was observed. Lengthening of etching time (2×2, 3×2 and 4×2 min) resulted in significantly increase in erosion depth to each additionally, between 13.28 -15.16 μm (p < 0.05) ending up in a total median enamel surface loss of 77 μm. Regarding surface roughness no significant (p > 0.05) difference was found between unetched enamel and the etched enamel surfaces. Conclusion Repeated 15 % HCl conditioning of the enamel surface increases the depth of the etched surface erosion. However, the total erosion depth is rather shallow and therefore negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - B Haddad
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Health, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - K Schaper
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - K Hagemann
- Private Praxis for Orthodontics, Essen, Germany.
| | - C Lippold
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Gh Danesh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Health, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
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Møystad A, Bjørnland T, Friedland B, Donoff RB. Ultrasonographic pilot study of mental foramen size, with and without postoperative neurosensory dysfunction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 120:275-80. [PMID: 26166032 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the ability of a portable ultrasound system to visualize the mental foramen in patients with unilateral neurosensory dysfunction after third molar removal. STUDY DESIGN In 20 patients, an ultrasound scanner (13 MHz linear-array transducer) was used to measure the mental foramen. The anteroposterior diameter was calculated on both sides, and differences between injured and contralateral sides were tested. Intrarater and interrater reliability were calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). RESULTS We found a relatively high reliability on interindividual observations (ICC ≥0.89) and intraindividual observations (ICC ≥0.76). The average diameter on the injured sides was significantly smaller than the control sides. Subjective sensibility was not significantly correlated to the dimension of the mental foramen. CONCLUSION The results indicate a reduced size of the mental foramen, as determined by ultrasonography, in patients with permanent neurosensory dysfunction. These findings have to be verified in a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Møystad
- Professor, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tore Bjørnland
- Professor and Chairman, Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Bernard Friedland
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Bruce Donoff
- Professor and Dean, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sindi KH, Bubb NL, Gutteridge DL, Evans JA. In vitro enamel thickness measurements with ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2015; 41:301-308. [PMID: 25438856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the work described here, agreement between ultrasound and histologic measurements of enamel thickness in vitro was investigated. Fifteen extracted human premolars were sectioned coronally to produce 30 sections. The enamel thickness of each specimen was measured with a 15-MHz hand-held ultrasound probe and verified with histology. The speed of sound in enamel was established. Bland-Altman analysis, intra-class correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon sign rank test were used to assess agreement. The mean speed of sound in enamel was 6191 ± 199 m s(-1). Bland-Altman limits of agreement were -0.16 to 0.18 mm when the speed of sound for each specimen was used, and -0.17 to 0.21 mm when the mean speed of sound was used. Intra-class correlation coefficient agreement was 0.97, and the Wilcoxon sign rank test yielded a p-value of 0.55. Using the speed of sound for each specimen results in more accurate measurement of enamel thickness. Ultrasound measurements were in good agreement with histology, which highlights its potential for monitoring the progressive loss of enamel thickness in erosive tooth surface loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hussain Sindi
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Nigel Lawrence Bubb
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Joseph Anthony Evans
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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