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4NQO enhances differential activation of DNA repair proteins in HPV positive and HPV negative HNSCC cells. Oral Oncol 2021; 122:105578. [PMID: 34695758 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco exposure and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are among the main risk factors for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Interestingly, recent studies show that tumors from HPV positive (HPV+) smokers and non-smokers have similar mutational profiles, which suggests that HPV could prevent mutation induction or accumulation in the intermediate risk group composed of HPV+ smokers. Hence, we tested this observation by analyzing the effects of 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO), a mutagen and smoking mimetic, in NOK (normal oral keratinocytes), NOKE6.E7 (NOK cells transfected with E6.E7 oncogenes of HPV), HPV+ and HPV negative (HPV-) HNSCC cells. Oxidative DNA damage, γH2AX foci formation, DNA repair protein activation, cell cycle phase analysis, apoptotic cell death, cell viability and clonogenic cell survival were analyzed after 4NQO treatment in NOK, NOKE6.E7, HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells. 4NQO increased oxidative base damage and γH2AX foci formation in NOKE6.E7, HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells. Phosphorylation of homologous recombination (HR) repair proteins was higher in NOKE6.E7 and HPV+ HNSCC cells compared to NOK and HPV- HNSCC cells respectively. HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cells showed differential activation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, increased apoptosis, and decreased cell viability upon 4NQO-induced DNA damage. Taken together, 4NQO (a smoking mimetic), induced higher activation of HR repair in HPV+ HNSCC cells compared to HPV- HNSCC cells. This may allow for increased mutational resistance and help explain why HPV+ smokers have a worse prognosis than HPV+ non-smokers.
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García-Carracedo D, Cai Y, Qiu W, Saeki K, Friedman RA, Lee A, Li Y, Goldberg EM, Stratikopoulos EE, Parsons R, Lu C, Efstratiadis A, Philipone EM, Yoon AJ, Su GH. PIK3CA and p53 Mutations Promote 4NQO-Initated Head and Neck Tumor Progression and Metastasis in Mice. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:822-834. [PMID: 32152233 PMCID: PMC7272268 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K signaling pathway is frequently mutated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), often via gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the PIK3CA gene. Here, we present novel genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) carrying a GOF allele Loxp-STOP-Loxp(LSL)-PIK3CAH1047R (E20) alone or in combination with heterozygous LSL-p53+/R172H (p53) mutation with tissue-specific expression to interrogate the role of oncogenic PIK3CA in transformation of upper aerodigestive track epithelium. We demonstrated that the GOF PIK3CA mutation promoted progression of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in both E20 single mutant and E20/p53 double mutant mice, with frequent distal metastasis detected only in E20/p53 GEMM. Similar to in human OSCC, loss of p16 was associated with progression of OSCC in these mice. RNA-seq analyses revealed that among the common genes differentially expressed in primary OSCC cell lines derived from E20, p53, and E20/p53 GEMMs compared with those from the wild-type mice, genes associated with proliferation and cell cycle were predominantly represented, which is consistent with the progressive loss of p16 detected in these GEMMs. Importantly, all of these OSCC primary cell lines exhibited enhanced sensitivity to BYL719 and cisplatin combination treatment in comparison with cisplatin alone in vitro and in vivo, regardless of p53 and/or p16 status. Given the prevalence of mutations in p53 and the PI3K pathways in HNSCC in conjunction with loss of p16 genetically or epigenetically, this universal increased sensitivity to cisplatin and BYL719 combination therapy in cancer cells with PIK3CA mutation represents an opportunity to a subset of patients with HNSCC. IMPLICATIONS: Our results suggest that combination therapy of cisplatin and PI3K inhibitor may be worthy of consideration in patients with HNSCC with PIK3CA mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío García-Carracedo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wanglong Qiu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kiyoshi Saeki
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yinglu Li
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth M Goldberg
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elias E Stratikopoulos
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Elizabeth M Philipone
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Angela J Yoon
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gloria H Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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3
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Kasnak G, Könönen E, Syrjänen S, Gürsoy M, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Firatli E, Gürsoy UK. NFE2L2/NRF2, OGG1, and cytokine responses of human gingival keratinocytes against oxidative insults of various origin. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:63-70. [PMID: 30030777 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial or tobacco-related insults induce oxidative stress in gingival keratinocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-oxidative and cytokine responses of human gingival keratinocytes (HMK cells) against Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg LPS), nicotine, and 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO). MATERIALS AND METHODS HMK cells were incubated with Pg LPS (1 µl/ml), nicotine (1.54 mM), and 4-NQO (1 µM) for 24 h. Intracellular and extracellular levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured with the Luminex® xMAP™ technique, and nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) with Western blots. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS All tested oxidative stress inducers increased intracellular OGG1 levels, whereas only nicotine and 4-NQO induced NFE2L2/NRF2 levels. Nicotine, 4-NQO, and their combinational applications with Pg LPS induced the secretions of IL-1β and IL-1Ra, while that of IL-8 was inhibited by the presence of Pg LPS. MCP-1 secretion was suppressed by nicotine, alone and together with Pg LPS, while 4-NQO activated its secretion. Treatment of HMK cells with Pg LPS, nicotine, 4-NQO, or their combinations did not affect VEGF levels. CONCLUSION Pg LPS, nicotine, and 4-NQO induce oxidative stress and regulate anti-oxidative response and cytokine expressions in human gingival keratinocytes differently. These results may indicate that bacterial and tobacco-related insults regulate distinct pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kasnak
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Oral Health, City of Turku, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erhan Firatli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland
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Valdebenito S, Lou E, Baldoni J, Okafo G, Eugenin E. The Novel Roles of Connexin Channels and Tunneling Nanotubes in Cancer Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1270. [PMID: 29695070 PMCID: PMC5983846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic growth and cellular differentiation are critical hallmarks of tumor development. It is well established that cell-to-cell communication between tumor cells and "normal" surrounding cells regulates tumor differentiation and proliferation, aggressiveness, and resistance to treatment. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that result in tumor growth and spread as well as the adaptation of healthy surrounding cells to the tumor environment are poorly understood. A major component of these communication systems is composed of connexin (Cx)-containing channels including gap junctions (GJs), tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), and hemichannels (HCs). There are hundreds of reports about the role of Cx-containing channels in the pathogenesis of cancer, and most of them demonstrate a downregulation of these proteins. Nonetheless, new data demonstrate that a localized communication via Cx-containing GJs, HCs, and TNTs plays a key role in tumor growth, differentiation, and resistance to therapies. Moreover, the type and downstream effects of signals communicated between the different populations of tumor cells are still unknown. However, new approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) could provide new insights into these signals communicated between connected cells. We propose that the identification and characterization of these new communication systems and their associated signaling could provide new targets to prevent or reduce the devastating consequences of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valdebenito
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - Emil Lou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - John Baldoni
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
| | - George Okafo
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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Siddappa G, Kulsum S, Ravindra DR, Kumar VV, Raju N, Raghavan N, Sudheendra HV, Sharma A, Sunny SP, Jacob T, Kuruvilla BT, Benny M, Antony B, Seshadri M, Lakshminarayan P, Hicks W, Suresh A, Kuriakose MA. Curcumin and metformin-mediated chemoprevention of oral cancer is associated with inhibition of cancer stem cells. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2446-2460. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangotri Siddappa
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- Head and Neck Oncology; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Safeena Kulsum
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- School of Biosciences and Technology; VIT University; Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Doddathimmasandra Ramanjanappa Ravindra
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Vinay V. Kumar
- Department of Oral Surgery; Dr. BR Ambedkar Medical College; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Nalini Raju
- Department of Histopathology; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Nisheena Raghavan
- Department of Histopathology; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Holalugunda Vittalamurthy Sudheendra
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Anupam Sharma
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory; GROW Laboratory; Narayana Nethralaya; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Sumsum P. Sunny
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- Head and Neck Oncology; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Tina Jacob
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | | | - Merina Benny
- Arjuna Natural Extracts Ltd.; Alwaye, Kochi Kerala India
| | - Benny Antony
- Arjuna Natural Extracts Ltd.; Alwaye, Kochi Kerala India
| | - Mukund Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre-Roswell Park Collaboration Program; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
| | - Padma Lakshminarayan
- Department of Pharmacology; Dr. BR Ambedkar Medical College; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Wesley Hicks
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre-Roswell Park Collaboration Program; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
| | - Amritha Suresh
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre-Roswell Park Collaboration Program; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
| | - Moni A. Kuriakose
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Research Program, DSRG-5; Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- Head and Neck Oncology; Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre; Narayana Health; Bangalore Karnataka India
- Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre-Roswell Park Collaboration Program; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo New York
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Early detection of squamous cell carcinoma in carcinogen induced oral cancer rodent model by ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptides. Oral Oncol 2017; 71:156-162. [PMID: 28688684 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ratiometric cell-penetrating-peptides (RACPP) are hairpin-shaped molecules that undergo cleavage by tumor-associated proteases resulting in measurable Cy5:Cy7 fluorescence ratiometric change to label cancer in vivo. We evaluated an MMP cleavable RACPP for use in the early detection of malignant lesions in a carcinogen-induced rodent tumor model. METHODS Wild-type immune-competent mice were given 4-nitroquinoline-oxide (4NQO) for 16weeks. Oral cavities from live mice that had been intravenously administered MMP cleavable PLGC(Me)AG-RACPP were serially imaged from week 11 through week 21 using white-light reflectance and Cy5:Cy7 ratiometric fluorescence. RESULTS In an initial study we found that at week 21 nearly all mice (13/14) had oral cavity lesions, of which 90% were high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma. These high-grade lesions were identifiable with white light reflectance and RACPP Cy5:Cy7 ratiometric fluorescence with similar detectability, Area Under Curve (AUC) for RACPP detection was 0.97 (95% Confidence interval (CI)=0.92-1.02, p<0.001), sensitivity=89%, specificity=100%. In a follow up study, oral cavity lesions generated by 4NQO were imaged and histologically analyzed at weeks 16, 18 and 21. In this study we showed that RACPP-fluorescence detection positively identified 15 squamous cell carcinomas (in 6 separate mice) that were poorly visible or undetectable by white light reflectance. CONCLUSIONS RACPP ratiometric fluorescence can be used to accurately detect carcinogen-induced carcinoma in immunocompetent mice that are poorly visible or undetectable by white light reflectance.
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Impaired mitochondrial protein synthesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mitochondrion 2015; 24:113-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.07.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Pandey R, Mehrotra D, Catapano C, Choubey V, Sarin R, Mahdi AA, Singh S. Association of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid mutation with polymorphism in CYP2E1 gene in oral carcinogenesis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2015; 2:4-9. [PMID: 25756024 DOI: 10.1016/s2212-4268(12)60003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral carcinogenesis is a complex process affected by genetic as well as environmental factors. CYP2E1 gene is involved in metabolism of number of compounds and carcinogens. Its normal functioning is required for homeostasis of free radical. Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) is 10-100 times more susceptible to damage than nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial DNA large scale deletions are well documented in oral cancer. However, the relationship between CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms and mtDNA damage is still not documented in literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Case-control study involving 50 subjects was carried out. Deoxyribonucleic acid extraction was done from study subject tissue samples. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was done to confirm CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms. The PCR amplification was done for mtDNA 4977 bp deletion. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 11.5 with χ(2) tests. RESULTS c1c1 and DD polymorphisms are prevalent in North Indian population having oral cancer. These polymorphisms are significantly associated with mtDNA 4977 bp deletion. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial DNA damage induced by wild CYP2E1 forms and imperfect DNA repair in mtDNA may act synergistically to greatly enhance oral cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Pandey
- Senior Research Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Carlo Catapano
- Professor and Director, Institute of Oncology Research, Switzerland
| | - Vimal Choubey
- Research Scholar, Department of Urology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rajiv Sarin
- Professor and Director, ACTREC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Stuti Singh
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Gama RR, Giovanini A, de Rosa FS, Ogata DC, de Oliveira ALV, Cardoso Costa AF, Talini C, Feniman D, Kamei D, Júnior CF, Coco A, Carvalho AL. Chemopreventive effects of the polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 on the carcinogenesis process of the upper aerodigestive tract induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in Swiss mice. Ecancermedicalscience 2014; 8:392. [PMID: 24605132 PMCID: PMC3907402 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2014.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the potential chemopreventive effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 in Swiss mice submitted to oral and oesophageal carcinogenesis induction by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO). Study design: The animals underwent carcinogenesis induction with 50 µg/mL 4-NQO for eight weeks. The animals were divided into groups: Group I—4-NQO induction without chemoprevention, Group II—chemoprevention with the addition of 5% fish oil (FO) in their diet after 4-NQO carcinogenesis induction, and Group III—chemoprevention with 5% FO in their diet during and after 4-NQO carcinogenesis induction. Results: The incidence of invasive oral carcinoma was: Group I (72.9%), Group II (84.2%), and Group III (64.7%); p = 0.34. The difference in the incidence of invasive oesophageal carcinoma was statistically significant: Group I (37.8%), Group II (68.4%), and Group III (29.4%); p = 0.02. Conclusions: 4-NQO induction led to cancer in the majority of animals. Chemoprevention with FO brought no benefit in preventing the carcinogenesis process initiated by 4-NQO for oral cancer. The suggestive pro-tumour action of FO when given after tumour post-initiation seems to demonstrate that this fatty acid can potentialise the action of 4-NQO in the oesophagus carcinogenesis of the Swiss mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ribeiro Gama
- Postgraduate Programme in Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Alameda Augusto Stelfeld, 2134 Curitiba, PR 80730-150, Brazil
| | - Allan Giovanini
- Oral Pathology Laboratory, Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR 81200-100, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Scarmato de Rosa
- Pharmacy and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro Universitário da Fundação Educacional de Barretos, Barretos, SP 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cury Ogata
- Research Laboratory, Pathology, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, SC 88302-901, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Vettore de Oliveira
- Molecular Biology of Cancer Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Cardoso Costa
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Talini
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - Denise Feniman
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - Douglas Kamei
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - Celso Felipe Júnior
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - Allan Coco
- Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80730-000, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Postgraduate Programme in Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná, Alameda Augusto Stelfeld, 2134 Curitiba, PR 80730-150, Brazil ; Head and Neck Oncology Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP 14784-400, Brazil
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Dionne KR, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain RB, Cheong SC. Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity: current practice and future directions in the clinic and laboratory. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:503-15. [PMID: 24482244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite commendable progress in the prevention, detection, and treatment of a wide variety of solid tumor types, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant health burden across the globe. OSCC carcinogenesis involves accumulation of genetic alterations that coincide with the multistep malignant transformation of normal oral epithelium. OSCC is often first diagnosed at late stages of the disease (advanced regional disease and/or metastasis). Delayed diagnosis precludes successful treatment and favorable outcomes. In clinical practice, opportunities exist to identify patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which precede the development of cancer. This review addresses the current status of laboratory and clinical research on OPMDs, with emphasis on leukoplakia and erythroplakia. OSF is also presented, though there is a paucity of published studies on this disorder. We focus on findings that could translate into earlier diagnosis and more efficacious treatment of those lesions with significant malignant potential. We explore how markers of OPMD malignant transformation might be implemented into current diagnostic practice to help clinicians objectively stratify patients into treatment/follow-up groups according to relative risk. We provide an overview of recently concluded and ongoing OPMD chemoprevention trials. We describe laboratory OPMD models that can be used to not only to reveal the genetic and molecular intricacies of oral cancer but also to develop novel screening methods and therapeutic approaches. Finally, we call for targeted screening programs of at-risk populations in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of OPMD and early OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalen R Dionne
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Cancer Research and Co-ordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF), Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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Sliwinski T, Markiewicz L, Rusin P, Kabzinski J, Dziki L, Milonski J, Olszewski J, Blaszczyk J, Szemraj J, Majsterek I. Impaired nucleotide excision repair pathway as a possible factor in pathogenesis of head and neck cancer. Mutat Res 2011; 716:51-58. [PMID: 21875606 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is one of the major risk factors in pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Many of the chemical compounds present in tobacco are well-known carcinogens which form adducts with DNA. Cells remove these adducts mainly by the nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER). NER also eliminates a broad spectrum of pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and photo-products (6-4PP) induced by UV-radiation or DNA cross-links after cisplatin anti-cancer treatment. In this study DNA damage and repair was examined in peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 20 HNSCC patients and 20 healthy controls as well as HTB-43 larynx and SSC-25 tongue cancer cell lines. DNA repair kinetics in the examined cells after cisplatin or UV-radiation treatment were investigated using alkaline comet assay during 240min of post-treatment incubation. MTT assay was used to analyse cell viability and the Annexin V-FITC kit specific for kinase-3 was employed to determine apoptosis after treating the cells with UV-radiation at dose range from 0.5 to 60J/m(2). NER capability was assessed in vitro with cell extracts by the use of a bacterial plasmid irradiated with UV-light as a substrate for the repair. The results show that lymphocytes from HNSCC patients and HTB-43 or SSC-25 cancer cells were more sensitive to genotoxic treatment with UV-radiation and displayed impaired DNA repair. Also evidenced was a higher rate of apoptosis induction after UV-radiation treatment of lymphocytes from the HNSCC patients and the HTB-43 cancer cells than after treatment of those from healthy donors. Finally, our results showed that there was a significant decrease in NER capacity in HTB-43 or SSC-25 cancer cells as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes of HNSCC patients compared to controls. In conclusion, we suggest that the impaired NER pathway might be a critical factor in pathogenesis of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sliwinski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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12
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GPx3 promoter hypermethylation is a frequent event in human cancer and is associated with tumorigenesis and chemotherapy response. Cancer Lett 2011; 309:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Hennessey PT, Ochs MF, Mydlarz WW, Hsueh W, Cope L, Yu W, Califano JA. Promoter methylation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines is significantly different than methylation in primary tumors and xenografts. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20584. [PMID: 21637785 PMCID: PMC3102742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies designed to identify novel methylation events related to cancer often employ cancer cell lines in the discovery phase of the experiments and have a relatively low rate of discovery of cancer-related methylation events. An alternative algorithm for discovery of novel methylation in cancer uses primary tumor-derived xenografts instead of cell lines as the primary source of nucleic acid for evaluation. We evaluated DNA extracted from primary head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), xenografts grown from these primary tumors in nude mice, HNSCC-derived cell lines, normal oral mucosal samples, and minimally transformed oral keratinocyte-derived cell lines using Illumina Infinum Humanmethylation 27 genome-wide methylation microarrays. We found >2,200 statistically significant methylation differences between cancer cell lines and primary tumors and when comparing normal oral mucosa to keratinocyte cell lines. We found no statistically significant promoter methylation differences between primary tumor xenografts and primary tumors. This study demonstrates that tumor-derived xenografts are highly accurate representations of promoter methylation in primary tumors and that cancer derived cell lines have significant drawbacks for discovery of promoter methylation alterations in primary tumors. These findings also support use of primary tumor xenografts for the study of methylation in cancer, drug discovery, and the development of personalized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T. Hennessey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Ochs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wojciech W. Mydlarz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wayne Hsueh
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Leslie Cope
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wayne Yu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joseph A. Califano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Milton J. Dance Head and Neck Center, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oxidative DNA damage is a preliminary step during rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. J Mol Histol 2011; 42:181-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-011-9323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Wan SG, Taccioli C, Jiang Y, Chen H, Smalley KJ, Huang K, Liu XP, Farber JL, Croce CM, Fong LYY. Zinc deficiency activates S100A8 inflammation in the absence of COX-2 and promotes murine oral-esophageal tumor progression. Int J Cancer 2010; 129:331-45. [PMID: 20857495 PMCID: PMC3015018 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn)-deficiency (ZD) is implicated in the pathogenesis of human oral-esophageal cancers. Previously, we showed that in ZD mice genetic deletion of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) enhances N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced forestomach carcinogenesis. By contrast, Cox-2 deletion offers protection in Zn-sufficient (ZS) mice. We hypothesize that ZD activates pathways insensitive to COX-2 inhibition, thereby promoting carcinogenesis. This hypothesis is tested in a Cox-2−/− mouse tongue cancer model that mimics pharmacologic blockade of COX-2 by firstly examining transcriptome profiles of forestomach mucosa from Cox-2−/− and wild-type mice on a ZD vs. ZS diet, and secondly investigating the roles of identified markers in mouse forestomach/tongue preneoplasia and carcinomas. In Cox-2−/− mice exposed to the tongue carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, dietary ZD elicited tongue/esophagus/forestomach carcinomas that were prevented by ZS. The precancerous ZD:Cox-2−/−vs. ZS:Cox-2−/− forestomach had an inflammatory signature with upregulation of the proinflammation genes S100a8 and S100a9. Bioinformatics analysis revealed overrepresentation of inflammation processes comprising S100a8/a9 and an nuclear factor (NF)-κB network with connectivity to S100A8. Immunohistochemistry revealed co-overexpression of S100A8, its heterodimeric partner S100A9, the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), NF-κB p65, and cyclin D1, in ZD:Cox-2−/− forestomach/tongue preneoplasia and carcinomas, evidence for the activation of a RAGE-S100A8/A9 inflammatory pathway. Accumulation of p53 in these carcinomas indicated activation of additional inflammatory pathways. Zn-replenishment in ZD:Cox-2−/−mice reversed the inflammation and inhibited carcinogenesis. Thus, ZD activates alternative inflammation-associated cancer pathways that fuel tumor progression and bypass the antitumor effect of Cox-2 ablation. These findings have important clinical implications, as combination cancer therapy that includes Zn may improve efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Gui Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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16
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Kaur P, Chandel M, Kumar S, Kumar N, Singh B, Kaur S. Modulatory role of alizarin from Rubia cordifolia L. against genotoxicity of mutagens. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 48:320-5. [PMID: 19852997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rubia cordifolia L. (Rubiaceae) is an important medicinal plant used in the Ayurvedic medicinal system. Its use as a traditional therapeutic has been related to the treatment of skin disorders and cancer. Besides its medicinal value, anthraquinones from this plant are used as natural food colourants and as natural hair dyes. Dyes derived from natural sources have emerged as important alternatives to synthetic dyes. Alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) was isolated and characterized from R. cordifolia L. and evaluated for its antigenotoxic potential against a battery of mutagens viz. 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPD) and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) in Ames assay using TA98 tester strain of Salmonella typhimurium; hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in SOS chromotest using PQ37 strain of Escherichia coli and in Comet assay using human blood lymphocytes. Our results showed that alizarin possessed significant modulatory role against the genotoxicity of mutagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjit Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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17
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Vitale-Cross L, Czerninski R, Amornphimoltham P, Patel V, Molinolo AA, Gutkind JS. Chemical Carcinogenesis Models for Evaluating Molecular-Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Oral Cancer: Table 1. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2009; 2:419-22. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-09-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Czerninski R, Amornphimoltham P, Patel V, Molinolo AA, Gutkind JS. Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin by Rapamycin Prevents Tumor Progression in an Oral-Specific Chemical Carcinogenesis Model. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2009; 2:27-36. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-08-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Druzhyna NM, Wilson GL, LeDoux SP. Mitochondrial DNA repair in aging and disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2008; 129:383-90. [PMID: 18417187 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles which, according to the endosymbiosis theory, evolved from purpurbacteria approximately 1.5 billion years ago. One of the unique features of mitochondria is that they have their own genome. Mitochondria replicate and transcribe their DNA semiautonomously. Like nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is constantly exposed to DNA damaging agents. Regarding the repair of mtDNA, the prevailing concept for many years was that mtDNA molecules suffering an excess of damage would simply be degraded to be replaced by newly generated successors copied from undamaged genomes. However, evidence now clearly shows that mitochondria contain the machinery to repair the damage to their genomes caused by certain endogenous or exogenous damaging agents. The link between mtDNA damage and repair to aging, neurodegeneration, and carcinogenesis-associated processes is the subject of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya M Druzhyna
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of South Alabama, 307 University Boulevard, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
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20
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Upadhyay S, Chatterjee A, Trink B, Sommer M, Ratovitski E, Sidransky D. TAp63γ regulates hOGG1 and repair of oxidative damage in cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 356:823-8. [PMID: 17399686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We showed that TAp63gamma regulates hOGG1. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we found that TAp63gamma binds to the hOGG1 promoter. Reintroduction of wild-type TAp63gamma into HEK 293 cells, induced transcription of hOGG1 promoter, leading to increase in RNA and protein. Using RNAi studies, we observed that TAp63gamma-RNAi resulted in reduced hOGG1 RNA and protein in HeLa cells. This decrease in hOGG1 expression was associated with reduced cell viability upon oxidative damage. Taken together, our results indicate that hOGG1 is a direct target of TAp63gamma, suggesting a role for TAp63gamma in oxidative damage and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Upadhyay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, 5N.03 Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Abstract
This paper reviews the main papers related to oral squamous cell carcinoma published in 2006 in oral oncology - an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, and all other scientific articles relating to the aetiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck, and orofacial disease in patients with malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crispian Scully
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
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Scolastici C, Alves de Lima RO, Barbisan LF, Ferreira AL, Ribeiro DA, Salvadori DMF. Lycopene activity against chemically induced DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:840-5. [PMID: 17350795 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene is a natural pigment synthesized by plants and microorganisms, and it is mainly found in tomatoes. It is an acyclic isomer of beta-carotene and one of the most potent antioxidants. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of lycopene to prevent chemically induced DNA damage; however, the mechanisms involved are still not clear. In the present study, we investigated the antigenotoxic/antimutagenic effects of lycopene in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO) treated with hydrogen peroxide, methylmethanesulphonate (MMS), or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO). Lycopene (97%), at final concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 microM, was tested under three different protocols: before, simultaneously, and after the treatment with the mutagens. Comet and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays were used to evaluate the level of DNA damage. Data showed that lycopene reduced the frequency of micronucleated cells induced by the three mutagens. However, this chemopreventive activity was dependent on the concentrations and treatment schedules used. Similar results were observed in the comet assay, although some enhancements of primary DNA damage were detected when the carotenoid was administered after the mutagens. In conclusion, our findings confirmed the chemopreventive activity of lycopene, and showed that this effect occurs under different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Scolastici
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP 18518-000, SP, Brazil
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