1
|
Hu J, Wen X, Song J. Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits metastasis and EMT of colorectal cancer cells by regulating RhoA-ROCK1 signaling pathway. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1361-1372. [PMID: 38865066 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is significantly contributed to global cancer mortality rates. Treating CRC is particularly challenging due to metastasis and drug resistance. There is a pressing need for new treatment strategies against metastatic CRC. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a well-established, minimally invasive treatment option for cancer with limited side effects. Hypericin (HYP), a potent photosensitizer for PDT, has been documented to induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis in various types of cancers. However, there are few reports on the inhibitory effects of HYP-mediated PDT on the metastatic ability of CRC cells. Here, we evaluate the inhibitory effects of HYP-mediated PDT against metastatic CRC cells and define its underlying mechanisms. Wound-healing and Transwell assays show that HYP-mediated PDT suppresses migration and invasion of CRC cells. F-actin visualization assays indicate HYP-mediated PDT decreases F-actin formation in CRC cells. TEM assays reveal HYP-mediated PDT disrupts pseudopodia formation of CRC cells. Mechanistically, immunofluorescence and western blotting results show that HYP-mediated PDT upregulates E-cadherin and downregulates N-cadherin and Vimentin. HYP-mediated PDT also suppresses key EMT regulators, including Snail, MMP9, ZEB1 and α-SMA. Additionally, the expressions of RhoA and ROCK1 are downregulated by HYP-mediated PDT. Together, these findings suggest that HYP-mediated PDT inhibits the migration and invasion of HCT116 and SW620 cells by modulating EMT and RhoA-ROCK1 signaling pathway. Thus, HYP-mediated PDT presents a potential therapeutic option for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Hu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wen
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangluqi Song
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang H, He K, Tan J, Zhu D, Yang N, Wang Y, Zhang J, Li X, Ren Y, Lu Y. In vitro modeling of recurrent Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: Assessment of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy efficacy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 47:104093. [PMID: 38641030 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, low-grade malignant tumor of the dermis with a high recurrence rate post-surgery. Current treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy, have limitations. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a promising non-invasive approach, but its efficacy in DFSP treatment remains underexplored. METHODS This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of 5-ALA PDT using an in vitro model derived from a recurrent DFSP patient. The cells were treated with varying concentrations of 5-ALA and exposed to red light, followed by assessments of cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and expression of DFSP-related genes and proteins. RESULTS 5-ALA PDT significantly reduced DFSP cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. It also effectively inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as suppressed angiogenic activity in conditioned media. Furthermore, 5-ALA PDT downregulated the expression of COL1A1 and PDGFRB, key genes in DFSP pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide the first evidence of 5-ALA PDT's in vitro anti-tumor efficacy against DFSP, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic approach for DFSP. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical utility of 5-ALA PDT in preventing DFSP recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Kunqian He
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ding Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yuangang Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sarı C, Değirmencioğlu İ, Eyüpoğlu FC. Synthesis and characterization of novel Schiff base-silicon (IV) phthalocyanine complex for photodynamic therapy of breast cancer cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103504. [PMID: 36907257 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy is an alternative anticancer treatment approach that promises high therapeutic efficacy. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the PDT-mediated anticancer effects of newly synthesized silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) molecules on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, and non-tumorigenic MCF-10A breast cell line. METHODS Novel bromo substituted Schiff base (3a), its nitro homolog (3b), and their silicon complexes (SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b) were synthesized. Their proposed structures were confirmed by FT-IR, NMR, UV-vis and MS instrumental techniques. MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells were illuminated at a light wavelength of 680 nm for 10 min, giving a total irradiation dose of 10 j/cm2. MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b. Apoptotic cell death was analyzed using flow cytometry. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by TMRE staining. Intracellular ROS generation was observed microscopically using H2DCFDA dye. Colony formation assay and in vitro scratch assay were performed to analyze the clonogenic activity and cell motility. Transwell migration and matrigel invasion analyzes were conducted to observe changes in the migration and invasion status of the cells. RESULTS The combination of SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b with PDT exhibited cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and triggered cell death. SiPc-5a/PDT and SiPc-5b/PDT decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased intracellular ROS production. Statistically significant changes were detected in cancer cells' colony-forming ability and motility. SiPc-5a/PDT and SiPc-5b/PDT reduced cancer cells' migration and invasion capacities. CONCLUSION The present study identifies PDT-mediated antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-migratory characteristics of novel SiPc molecules. The outcomes of this study emphasize the anticancer properties of these molecules and suggest that they may be evaluated as drug-candidate molecules for therapeutic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Sarı
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - İsmail Değirmencioğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Figen Celep Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen Y, Zeng L, Chen Q, Li Y, Fu M, Wang Z, Liu H, Li X, Huang P, Wu W, Zou Q, Yi W. RNA-Seq-based transcriptomics analysis during the photodynamic therapy of primary cells in secondary hyperparathyroidism. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023; 22:905-917. [PMID: 36750541 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify changes in gene expression before and after 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) and to investigate the potential mechanism of 5-ALA-PDT based on ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. METHODS Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) primary cells were isolated from surgically excised specimens and exposed to laser light. The transcription profiles of SHPT primary cells were identified through RNA-Seq. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Enrichment of functions and signaling pathway analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis were used to validate genes based on RNA-Seq results. RESULTS In total, 1320 DEGs were identified, of which 1019 genes were upregulated and 301 genes were downregulated. GO and KEGG pathway analyses identified significantly enriched pathways in DEGs, including TGF beta in extracellular matrix (ECM), negative regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process, protein heterodimerization activity, systemic lupus erythematosus, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion and protein digestion and absorption. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses identified potential heat shock protein (HSP) interactions among the DEGs. Eight HSP genes were also identified that were most likely involved in 5-ALA-PDT, which were further validated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this descriptive study reveal changes in the transcriptome profile during 5-ALA-PDT, suggesting that gene expression and mutation, signaling pathways, and the molecular network are altered in SHPT primary cells. The above findings provide new insight for further studies on the mechanisms underlying 5-ALA-PDT in SHPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyun Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qitong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengdie Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiejia Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongyan Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Central Road, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ballestri M, Marras E, Caruso E, Bolognese F, Malacarne MC, Martella E, Tubertini M, Gariboldi MB, Varchi G. Free and Poly-Methyl-Methacrylate-Bounded BODIPYs: Photodynamic and Antimigratory Effects in 2D and 3D Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010092. [PMID: 36612089 PMCID: PMC9817850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several limitations, including dark toxicity, reduced tumor tissue selectivity, low photostability and poor biocompatibility hamper the clinical use of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. To overcome these limitations, new PSs have been synthetized, and often combined with drug delivery systems, to improve selectivity and reduce toxicity. In this context, BODIPYs (4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) have recently emerged as promising and easy-to-handle scaffolds for the preparation of effective PDT antitumor agents. In this study, the anticancer photodynamic effect of newly prepared negatively charged polymethyl methacrylate (nPMMA)-bounded BODIPYs (3@nPMMA and 6@nPMMA) was evaluated on a panel of 2D- and 3D-cultured cancer cell lines and compared with free BODIPYs. In particular, the effect on cell viability was evaluated, along with their ability to accumulate into the cells, induce apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death, and inhibit cellular migration. Our results indicated that 3@nPMMA and 6@nPMMA reduce cancer cell viability in 3D models of HC116 and MCF7 cells more effectively than the corresponding free compounds. Importantly, we demonstrated that MDA-MB231 and SKOV3 cell migration ability was significantly impaired by the PDT treatment mediated by 3@nPMMA and 6@nPMMA nanoparticles, likely indicating the capability of this approach to reduce metastatic tumor potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ballestri
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marras
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Enrico Caruso
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bolognese
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Miryam Chiara Malacarne
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Elisa Martella
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Tubertini
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marzia Bruna Gariboldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.G.); (G.V.); Tel.: +39-033-133-9418 (M.B.C.); +39-051-639-8283 (G.V.)
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.G.); (G.V.); Tel.: +39-033-133-9418 (M.B.C.); +39-051-639-8283 (G.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carigga Gutierrez NM, Pujol-Solé N, Arifi Q, Coll JL, le Clainche T, Broekgaarden M. Increasing cancer permeability by photodynamic priming: from microenvironment to mechanotransduction signaling. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:899-934. [PMID: 36155874 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The dense cancer microenvironment is a significant barrier that limits the penetration of anticancer agents, thereby restraining the efficacy of molecular and nanoscale cancer therapeutics. Developing new strategies to enhance the permeability of cancer tissues is of major interest to overcome treatment resistance. Nonetheless, early strategies based on small molecule inhibitors or matrix-degrading enzymes have led to disappointing clinical outcomes by causing increased chemotherapy toxicity and promoting disease progression. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a novel approach to increase the permeability of cancer tissues. By producing excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species selectively in the cancer microenvironment, PDT increases the accumulation, penetration depth, and efficacy of chemotherapeutics. Importantly, the increased cancer permeability has not been associated to increased metastasis formation. In this review, we provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which this effect, called photodynamic priming, can increase cancer permeability without promoting cell migration and dissemination. This review demonstrates that PDT oxidizes and degrades extracellular matrix proteins, reduces the capacity of cancer cells to adhere to the altered matrix, and interferes with mechanotransduction pathways that promote cancer cell migration and differentiation. Significant knowledge gaps are identified regarding the involvement of critical signaling pathways, and to which extent these events are influenced by the complicated PDT dosimetry. Addressing these knowledge gaps will be vital to further develop PDT as an adjuvant approach to improve cancer permeability, demonstrate the safety and efficacy of this priming approach, and render more cancer patients eligible to receive life-extending treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Núria Pujol-Solé
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Qendresa Arifi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Tristan le Clainche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Mans Broekgaarden
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pinto MAF, Ferreira CBR, de Lima BES, Molon ÂC, Ibarra AMC, Cecatto RB, Dos Santos Franco AL, Rodrigues MFSD. Effects of 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapy in oral cancer stem cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 235:112552. [PMID: 36088836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PDT using the photosensitizer 5-aminoulevulinic acid (5-ALA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) behavior, mainly regarding its role on the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes and in maintenance of the stem cell properties. Two OSCC cell lines were used and divided in the groups: Control, 5-ALA, LED 6 J/cm2 and PDT. MTT and Neutral red assays were used to access cellular viability, cell migration was evaluated by the wound healing assay. The stem cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate the CD44high/ESAhigh, CD44high/ESAlow and CD44low populations, by the clonogenic and tumor sphere formation assays as well as by RT-qPCR. The presence of Protoporphyrin IX in each CSC fraction was evaluated by flow cytometry. The OSCC cell lines showed a significant decrease in cell viability and migration after PDT. The percentage of CD44high/ESAhigh cells decreased after PDT, which was associated with an increase in the CD44low cells and with a functional decrease in the colony and sphere formation capacity. CD44high/ESAhigh cells showed increased PpIX, which contributed for their greater sensitivity to PDT. INV gene increased significantly after PDT, indicating cellular differentiation. Altogether, our results demonstrate that 5-ALA mediated PDT decreases not only the fraction of oral CSC but also their functional capabilities, inducing their differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cássia Bosi Ribeiro Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Evelyn Santos de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ângela Cristina Molon
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Melissa Coppa Ibarra
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Boltes Cecatto
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
VİTHANAGE V, C.D. J, M.D.P. DE. C, RAJENDRAM S. Photodynamic Therapy : An Overview and Insights into a Prospective Mainstream Anticancer Therapy. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) procedure has minimum invasiveness in contrast to conventional anticancer surgical procedures. Although clinically approved a few decades ago, it is not commonly used due to its poor efficacy, mainly due to poor light penetration into deeper tissues. PDT uses a photosensitizer (PS), which is photoactivated on illumination by light of appropriate wavelength and oxygen in the tissue, leading to a series of photochemical reactions producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggering various mechanisms resulting in lethal effects on tumor cells. This review looks into the fundamental aspects of PDT, such as photochemistry, photobiological effects, and the current clinical applications in the light of improving PDT to become a mainstream therapeutic procedure against a broad spectrum of cancers and malignant lesions. The side effects of PDT, both early and late-onset, are elaborated on in detail to highlight the available options to minimize side effects without compromising therapeutic efficacy. This paper summarizes the benefits, drawbacks, and limitations of photodynamic therapy along with the recent attempts to achieve improved therapeutic efficacy via monitoring various cellular and molecular processes through fluorescent imagery aided by suitable biomarkers, prospective nanotechnology-based targeted delivery methods, the use of scintillating nanoparticles to deliver light to remote locations and also combining PDT with conventional anticancer therapies have opened up new dimensions for PDT in treating cancers. This review inquires and critically analyses prospective avenues in which a breakthrough would finally enable PDT to be integrated into mainstream anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sorrin AJ, Liu C, Cicalo J, Reader J, Najafali D, Zhang Y, Roque DM, Huang HC. Photodynamic Priming Improves the Anti-Migratory Activity of Prostaglandin E Receptor 4 Antagonist in Cancer Cells In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5259. [PMID: 34771424 PMCID: PMC8582354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic agents and biological inhibitors is rapidly gaining attention for its promise and approval in treating advanced cancer. The activity of photodynamic treatment is mainly governed by the formation of reactive oxygen species upon light activation of photosensitizers. Exposure to reactive oxygen species above a threshold dose can induce cellular damage and cancer cell death, while the surviving cancer cells are "photodynamically primed", or sensitized, to respond better to other drugs and biological treatments. Here, we report a new combination regimen of photodynamic priming (PDP) and prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) inhibition that reduces the migration and invasion of two human ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR-5 and CAOV3) in vitro. PDP is achieved by red light activation of the FDA-approved photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD), or a chemical conjugate composed of the BPD linked to cetuximab, an anti-epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody. Immunoblotting data identify co-inhibition of EGFR, cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) as key in the signaling cascades modulated by the combination of EGFR-targeted PDP and EP4 inhibition. This study provides valuable insights into the development of a molecular-targeted photochemical strategy to improve the anti-metastatic effects of EP4 receptor antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.J.S.); (C.L.); (J.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Cindy Liu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.J.S.); (C.L.); (J.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Julia Cicalo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.J.S.); (C.L.); (J.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Jocelyn Reader
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.R.); (D.M.R.)
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Daniel Najafali
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.J.S.); (C.L.); (J.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Yuji Zhang
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dana M. Roque
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.R.); (D.M.R.)
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.J.S.); (C.L.); (J.C.); (D.N.)
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Anti-Human Cancer Experiments Investigating the Use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) for Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030229. [PMID: 33800109 PMCID: PMC8000125 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an amino acid derivative and a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The photophysical feature of PpIX is clinically used in photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). These clinical applications are potentially based on in vitro cell culture experiments. Thus, conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro 5-ALA PDT experiments is meaningful and may provide opportunities to consider future perspectives in this field. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed to summarize the in vitro 5-ALA PDT experiments and calculated the effectiveness of 5-ALA PDT for several cancer cell types. In total, 412 articles were identified, and 77 were extracted based on our inclusion criteria. The calculated effectiveness of 5-ALA PDT was statistically analyzed, which revealed a tendency of cancer-classification-dependent sensitivity to 5-ALA PDT, and stomach cancer was significantly more sensitive to 5-ALA PDT compared with cancers of different origins. Based on our analysis, we suggest a standardized in vitro experimental protocol for 5-ALA PDT.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wufuer R, Ma HX, Luo MY, Xu KY, Kang L. Downregulation of Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway in colon cancer SW620 cells treated with Chlorin e6 photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102143. [PMID: 33307230 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and non-invasive treatment for tumors as PDT features small trauma, good applicability, andaccurate targeting. PDT may also be a potential treatment for colon cancer as itmay may induce suppressive effects on metastatic potential.. However, the molecular mechanism of the Chlorin e6 Photodynamic therapy (Ce6-PDT) inhibiting the migration of human colon cancer SW620 cells remains unclear. METHODS Scratch wound healing assay, scanning electron microscope, MTT, immunofluorescence and laser confocal technique were used to investigate the suppressive effects of Ce6-PDT on the SW620 cells migration, pseudopodia, viability and the actin cytoskeleton. The effect of Ce6-PDT on actin-Filaments and signaling molecules of the Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway in SW620 cells were examined by western blot analysis. RNA interference (RNAi) technology was used to establish siRNA-Rac1/SW620 cells. The combined effects of Ce6-PDT and RNAi on colon cancer SW620 cells was investigated by the same technology and methods mentioned above to clarify the signal transduction effect of Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway in Ce6-PDT caused inhibition of SW620 cell migration. RESULTS The healing and migration rate of the SW620 cells was significantly reduced and the cell pseudopodia were reduced or disappeared by Ce6-PDT. The Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis results showed that Ce6-PDT destroy microfilament's original structure and significantly downregulated F-actin protein expression. The Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway was downregulated by Ce6-PDT. Furthermore, the RNAi significantly strengthened the effect of Ce6-PDT on colon cancer SW620 cells migration. CONCLUSIONS Actin cytoskeleton and protrusions of SW620 cells correlate with its migration ability. Ce6-PDT suppresses SW620 cells migration by downregulating the Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway, and its suppressive effect was enhanced by knocking down Rac1 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reziwan Wufuer
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 10760, China
| | - Hai-Xiu Ma
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 10760, China
| | - Meng-Yu Luo
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 10760, China
| | - Kai-Yue Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 10760, China
| | - Ling Kang
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 10760, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ye T, Chen T, Jiang B, Yang L, Liu X, Chen B, Zou Y, Yu B. 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy inhibits invasion and metastasis of SCL-1 cells probably via MTSS1 and p63 gene related pathways. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:102039. [PMID: 33017656 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the invasion and metastasis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cell line(SCL-1) and to study whether the effect was via the MTSS1 gene and p63 gene related pathways. METHODS SCL-1 cells were cultured and submitted to ALA-PDT treatment (ALA-PDT group), ALA treatment alone (ALA group), LED illumination alone (LED group) and remains untreated (control group). Scratch test, Transwell migration chamber assay and Matrigel cell invasion assay were used to detect the ability of migration and invasion of SCL-1 cells after treatment. The mRNA levels and protein expressions of tumor metastasis suppressor gene (MTSS1) and p63 gene were further detected by using quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry assay respectively after treatment. RESULTS The migration and invasion abilities of SCL-1 cells after treatment were significantly reduced in the ALA-PDT groups than that in ALA group, LED group and control group (P<0.05). Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of MTSS1 gene were up-regulated, while the mRNA and protein expression levels of p63 gene were down-regulated after ALA-PDT treatment. CONCLUSION ALA-PDT suppressed the migration and invasion of human cSCC cell line, probably via the MTSS1 gene and p63 gene related pathways. This study put forward a possible mechanism of invasion in SCL-1 cell, also providing a potential target for the therapy of cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TingLu Ye
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - TingTing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Longhua People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - LiLi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - XiaoMing Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - BanCheng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - YanFen Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chi YF, Qin JJ, Li Z, Ge Q, Zeng WH. Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-gold nanoparticles-mediated photodynamic therapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2020; 53:e8457. [PMID: 32348428 PMCID: PMC7205413 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20208457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the conjugation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) could enhance the anti-tumor efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in epidermoid carcinoma cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell viability, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, transwell invasion assay, and migration assay, respectively. Singlet oxygen generation was detected by the singlet oxygen sensor green reagent assay. Our results showed that PDT with 5-ALA and GNPs-conjugated 5-ALA (5-ALA-GNPs) significantly suppressed cell viability, increased cell apoptosis and singlet oxygen generation in both HaCat and A431 cells, and PDT with 5-ALA and 5-ALA-GNPs had more profound effects in A431 cells than that in HaCat cells. More importantly, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment potentiated the effects of PDT on cell viability, cell apoptosis, and singlet oxygen generation in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. Further in vitro assays showed that PDT with 5-ALA-GNPs significantly decreased expression of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax in A431 cells compared with PDT with 5-ALA. In addition, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of PDT on cell invasion and migration and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. In conclusion, our results suggested that GNPs conjugated to 5-ALA significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of PDT in A431 cells, which may represent a better strategy to improve the outcomes of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-fei Chi
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing-jing Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Forest Industry Worker Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qin Ge
- Department of Dermatology, Jingmen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Wei-hui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Olek M, Kasperski J, Skaba D, Wiench R, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral squamous carcinoma—Clinical implications resulting from in vitro research. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:255-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
15
|
Cavin S, Riedel T, Rosskopfova P, Gonzalez M, Baldini G, Zellweger M, Wagnières G, Dyson PJ, Ris H, Krueger T, Perentes JY. Vascular‐targeted low dose photodynamic therapy stabilizes tumor vessels by modulating pericyte contractility. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 51:550-561. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cavin
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Tina Riedel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Petra Rosskopfova
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Michel Gonzalez
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Greg Baldini
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Matthieu Zellweger
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Institute of PhysicsSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hans‐Beat Ris
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jean Y. Perentes
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanneSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Han Y, Xu S, Jin J, Wang X, Liu X, Hua H, Wang X, Liu H. Primary Clinical Evaluation of Photodynamic Therapy With Oral Leukoplakia in Chinese Patients. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1911. [PMID: 30723421 PMCID: PMC6350274 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated promising results in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and side effects of PDT in the treatment of Chinese patients with oral leukoplakia. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with oral leukoplakia were enrolled in this study, including patients with both homogenous and non-homogenous lesions and various dysplastic tissues. All patients received PDT using a 632 nm laser at 500 mW/cm2 power density at a dosage of 90–180 J/cm2 and with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) used as a photosensitizer. A fixing and restricting complex as well as high laser power density for PDT in oral cavity was applied. Results: An overall response rate of 86.2% was achieved in this study, including 55.2% complete remission and 31.0% partial remission. The only adverse events observed in subjects were transient local ulcer and pain. It is observed the PDT utilizing ALA showed strong effectiveness in patients with moderate to severe dysplasia, as less treatment time per cm2 of lesion is required. Conclusion: Topic ALA-PDT is effective to treat oral leukoplakia, especially for that with the presence of dysplasia. A fixing and restricting complex as well as high laser power density for PDT in oral cavity should be considered as an optimal choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Si Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiu Jin
- National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Retèl VP, Hummel MJM, Van Harten WH. Early Phase Technology Assessment of Nanotechnology in Oncology. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 94:284-90. [DOI: 10.1177/030089160809400222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To perform early Technology Assessment (TA) of nanotechnology in oncology. The possibilities of nanotechnology for detection (imaging), diagnosis and treatment of cancer are subject of different research programs where major investments are concerned. As a range of bio- nanotechnologies is expected to enter the oncology field it is relevant to consider the various aspects involved in especially early TA. This article provides two cases of early assessment of (predecessors of) nanotechnologies: Microarray Analysis and Photodynamic Therapy implementation, which methodology can be extrapolated to other nanotechnologies in oncology. Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) is used for the introduction of technologies that are still in a dynamic phase of development or in an early stage of diffusion. The selection of studied aspects in CTA is based on: clinical aspects (safety, efficacy, and effectiveness), economic (cost-effectiveness), patient related (QoL, ethical/juridical and psychosocial), organizational aspects (diffusion and adoption) and scenario drafting. The features of the technology and the phase of implementation are decisive for choices and timing of the specific aspects to be studied. A framework was drafted to decide on the relevant aspects. In the first case, early implementation of Microarray Analysis; clinical effectiveness, logistics, patient centeredness and scenario drafting were given priority. Related to the diffusion-phase of Photodynamic Therapy however other aspects were evaluated, such as early cost-effectiveness analysis for possible reimbursement. Often CTA will result in a mixed method design. Especially scenario drafting is a powerful instrument to predict possible developments that can be anticipated upon in the assessment. CTA is appropriate for the study of early implementation of new technologies in oncology. In early TA small series often necessitate a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. The features of nanotechnology involved are decisive for the selection of CTA aspects, most likely: safety -especially possible interactions with other technologies-, ethics, cost-effectiveness and patient centeredness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valesca P Retèl
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - Marjan JM Hummel
- School of Governance and Management, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Willem H Van Harten
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
- School of Governance and Management, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lim C, Sim T, Hoang NH, Jung CE, Lee ES, Youn YS, Oh KT. A charge-reversible nanocarrier using PEG-PLL (- g-Ce6, DMA)-PLA for photodynamic therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6185-6196. [PMID: 28883728 PMCID: PMC5576705 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s142912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A polyelectrolyte nanoparticle composed of PEG-PLL(-g-Ce6, DMA)-PLA was developed for nanomedicinal application in photodynamic therapy. These nanoparticles formed stable aggregates through the hydrophobic interaction of poly(lactic acid) and demonstrated pH-dependent behaviors such as surface charge conversion and enhanced cellular uptake at acidic pH, resulting in improved phototoxicity. In vivo animal imaging revealed that the prepared PEG-PLL(-g-Ce6, DMA)-PLA nanoparticles effectively accumulated at the targeted tumor site through enhanced permeability and retention effects. Reversible surface charge for PEG-PLL (-g-Ce6, DMA)-PLA nanoparticles allows the nanoparticles to escape the immune system and concentrate on the tumor tissue. Tumor growth in the nude mice treated with the nanoparticles decreased significantly and the hydrophobic interaction in the poly(lactic acid) block could allow the incorporation of multiple drugs. Therefore, the PEG-PLL(-g-Ce6, DMA)-PLA nanoparticles could have considerable potential as a nanomedicinal platform for photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaemin Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taehoon Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ngoc Ha Hoang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ha Noi University of Pharmacy, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Chan Eun Jung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Senadi GC, Liao CM, Kuo KK, Lin JC, Chang LS, Wang JJ, Hu WP. Design, synthesis and antimetastatic evaluation of 1-benzothiazolylphenylbenzotriazoles for photodynamic therapy in oral cancer cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00034g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a new series of 1-benzothiazolylphenylbenzotriazoles 9a–p and studied their antimetastatic mechanism involved in photosensitive effects induced by UVA in oral cancer cell Ca9-22.
Collapse
|
20
|
Li PT, Ke ES, Chiang PC, Tsai T. ALA- or Ce6-PDT induced phenotypic change and suppressed migration in surviving cancer cells. J Dent Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
21
|
Two combined photosensitizers: a goal for more effective photodynamic therapy of cancer. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1122. [PMID: 24625981 PMCID: PMC3973236 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved therapeutic modality for the treatment of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, mainly cancer. It involves the selective uptake of a photosensitizer (PS) by neoplastic tissue, which is able to produce reactive oxygen species upon irradiation with light, leading to tumor regression. Here a synergistic cell photoinactivation is reported based on the simultaneous administration of two PSs, zinc(II)-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and the cationic porphyrin meso-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphine (TMPyP) in three cell lines (HeLa, HaCaT and MCF-7), using very low doses of PDT. We detected changes from predominant apoptosis (without cell detachment) to predominant necrosis, depending on the light dose used (2.4 and 3.6 J/cm2, respectively). Analysis of changes in cytoskeleton components (microtubules and F-actin), FAK protein, as well as time-lapse video microscopy evidenced that HeLa cells were induced to undergo apoptosis, without losing adhesion to the substrate. Moreover, 24 h after intravenous injection into tumor-bearing mice, ZnPc and TMPyP were preferentially accumulated in the tumor area. PDT with combined treatment produced significant retardation of tumor growth. We believe that this combined and highly efficient strategy (two PSs) may provide synergistic curative rates regarding conventional photodynamic treatments (with one PS alone).
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang CP, Lou PJ, Lo FY, Shieh MJ. Meta-tetrahydroxyphenyl chlorine mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits the migration and invasion of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma KJ-1 cell line. J Formos Med Assoc 2014; 113:173-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
23
|
Yu CH, Yu CC. Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) impairs tumor initiating and chemo-resistance property in head and neck cancer-derived cancer stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87129. [PMID: 24475244 PMCID: PMC3901774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck cancer (HNC) ranks the fourth leading malignancy and cancer death in male population in Taiwan. Despite recent therapeutic advances, the prognosis for HNC patients is still dismal. New strategies are urgently needed to improve the chemosensitization to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and clinical responses of HNC patients. Studies have demonstrated that topical 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is being used in the treatment of various human premalignant and malignant lesions with some encouraging clinical outcomes. However, the molecular mechanisms of ALA-PDT in the therapeutic effect in HNC tumorigenesis and whether ALA-PDT as chemosensitizer for HNC treatment remain unclear. Accumulating data support cancer stem cells (CSCs) contributes chemo-resistance in HNC. Based on the previous studies, the purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of ALA-PDT on CSCs and chemosensitization property in HNC. Methodology/Principal Finding CSCs marker ALDH1 activity of HNC cells with ALA-PDT treatment as assessed by the Aldefluor assay flow cytometry analysis. Secondary Sphere-forming self-renewal, stemness markers expression, and invasiveness of HNC-CSCs with ALA-PDT treatment were presented. We observed that the treatment of ALA-PDT significantly down-regulated the ALDH1 activity and CD44 positivity of HNC-CSCs. Moreover, ALA-PDT reduced self-renewal property and stemness signatures expression (Oct4 and Nanog) in sphere-forming HNC-CSCs. ALA-PDT sensitized highly tumorigenic HNC-CSCs to conventional chemotherapies. Lastly, synergistic effect of ALA-PDT and Cisplatin treatment attenuated invasiveness/colongenicity property in HNC-CSCs. Conclusion/Significance Our results provide insights into the clinical prospect of ALA-PDT as a potential chemo-adjuvant therapy against head and neck cancer through eliminating CSCs property.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family
- Aminolevulinic Acid/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Hyaluronan Receptors/genetics
- Hyaluronan Receptors/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Nanog Homeobox Protein
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/metabolism
- Photochemotherapy
- Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Radiation-Sensitizing Agents/pharmacology
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hang Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-HY); (C-CY)
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-HY); (C-CY)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang H, Shen B, Swinarska JT, Li W, Xiao K, He P. 9-Hydroxypheophorbide α-mediated photodynamic therapy induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 down-regulation in Hep-2 cells via ROS-mediated suppression of the ERK pathway. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:55-62. [PMID: 24448387 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment modality for malignant diseases through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we assessed the change of migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells after sublethal doses of 9-hydroxypheophorbide α (9-HPbD)-mediated PDT in vitro, and explored the role of ROS in 9-HPbD-PDT-induced anti-metastatic effects in HEp-2 cells. METHODS Following PDT, ROS were measured by a fluorescence microscope in both the presence and absence of glutathione (GSH) pretreatment. Wound healing assay, cell migration assay, and matrigel invasion assay were used to evaluate the cellular migration and invasion. Western blot was performed to investigate the signaling pathways that may have been involved. RESULTS ROS were rapidly generated in 9-HPbD-loaded HEp-2 laryngeal cancer cells by the activation of a diode laser and were significantly inhibited by a 6-h GSH pretreatment. Wound healing assay, cell migration assay, and matrigel invasion assay showed that sublethal PDT significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. GSH decreased the ability of PDT to inhibit the invasion of HEp-2 cells. Western blot analysis showed that PDT significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2, and significantly suppressed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 after 24h following the implementation of sublethal PDT, and these efficacies of PDT could be abrogated by GSH pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS 9-HPbD-PDT attenuated the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells in vitro, which may be related to the down-regulated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 via ROS-mediated-inhibition of phosphorylation in the ERK/MEK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huankang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joanna T Swinarska
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Wen Li
- Research Center, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuanlin Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peijie He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Woźniak M, Hotowy K, Czapińska E, Duś-Szachniewicz K, Szczuka I, Gamian E, Gamian A, Terlecki G, Ziółkowski P. Early induction of stress-associated Src activator/Homo sapiens chromosome 9 open reading frame 10 protein following photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 11:27-33. [PMID: 24280438 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are proteins, responsible for many basic cell functions (transmission of extracellular signals to cytoplasm or nucleus, cell growth, proliferation, migration, survival), which are activated and overexpressed in response to acute oxidative stress, especially tyrosine kinases. The oxidative stress-associated Src activator/Homo sapiens chromosome 9 open reading frame 10 protein (Ossa/C9orf10) protects cancer cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by Src family kinases activation. METHODS In this study precursor of protoporphyrin IX, 5-aminolevulinic acid and its encapsulated form were used in treating MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. After light illumination, cells were collected at different time points and used for evaluation (immunocytochemistry, Western blot analysis) of expression of above proteins, c-Src and Ossa. RESULTS Our results showed that 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy caused decrease of c-Src expression at 7h after irradiation. The strongest expression was observed at 24h after treatment. Encapsulated form of 5-aminolevulinic acid in terms of PDT caused similar changes of expression of c-Src protein. Furthermore, we observed strong Ossa expression at 7h after treatment in comparison to very low expression at time points 0, 18 and 24h. CONCLUSION We would like to emphasize that our results showed high expression of Ossa at early time interval after PDT, which was accompanied by a low expression of c-Src kinase, what could protect cancer cells from PDT through activation of c-Src in response to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hotowy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czapińska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gamian
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Terlecki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hwang H, Biswas R, Chung PS, Ahn JC. Modulation of EGFR and ROS induced cytochrome c release by combination of photodynamic therapy and carboplatin in human cultured head and neck cancer cells and tumor xenograft in nude mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 128:70-7. [PMID: 24035846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy in combination with different treatment modalities has been evaluated to study the mechanism of cellular cytotoxicity and apoptosis in various forms of cancer. In the present study, human head and neck cancer cells were treated with radachlorin mediated photodynamic therapy and the chemotherapy drug, carboplatin singly or in combination. Several parameters were studied to check the enhanced cytotoxicity of combination therapy at different time interval. From the cell viability study by MTT assay, a 22% decrease in cell viability was observed in combination treatment. This enhanced activity of combination treatment was confirmed by cell migration assay and Hoechst PI staining. Generation of reactive oxygen species was observed and found to be higher than that of individual treatments. Cytochrome c was found to be released from mitochondria that also induced the enhance efficacy in combination treatment. The expression of other proteins like EGFR and PARP was also modulated with the time of incubation after treatment. In the tumor xenograft study in nude mouse model, the carboplatin treated group did not show any noticeable changes in tumor volume whereas tumor volume was reduced in PDT and the combination group. Though the difference in the reduction of the tumor size was not significant between PDT and combination group, there was a difference in the expression of EGFR between these two groups. Histologic study of the inhibition in tumor growth was also performed. Therefore, this study may provide an avenue of combating head and neck cancer by a combination of conventional chemotherapy and PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heejun Hwang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Benachour H, Bastogne T, Toussaint M, Chemli Y, Sève A, Frochot C, Lux F, Tillement O, Vanderesse R, Barberi-Heyob M. Real-time monitoring of photocytotoxicity in nanoparticles-based photodynamic therapy: a model-based approach. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48617. [PMID: 23144911 PMCID: PMC3492457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely suggested as targeted drug-delivery systems. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), the use of multifunctional nanoparticles as photoactivatable drug carriers is a promising approach for improving treatment efficiency and selectivity. However, the conventional cytotoxicity assays are not well adapted to characterize nanoparticles cytotoxic effects and to discriminate early and late cell responses. In this work, we evaluated a real-time label-free cell analysis system as a tool to investigate in vitro cyto- and photocyto-toxicity of nanoparticles-based photosensitizers compared with classical metabolic assays. To do so, we introduced a dynamic approach based on real-time cell impedance monitoring and a mathematical model-based analysis to characterize the measured dynamic cell response. Analysis of real-time cell responses requires indeed new modeling approaches able to describe suited use of dynamic models. In a first step, a multivariate analysis of variance associated with a canonical analysis of the obtained normalized cell index (NCI) values allowed us to identify different relevant time periods following nanoparticles exposure. After light irradiation, we evidenced discriminant profiles of cell index (CI) kinetics in a concentration- and light dose-dependent manner. In a second step, we proposed a full factorial design of experiments associated with a mixed effect kinetic model of the CI time responses. The estimated model parameters led to a new characterization of the dynamic cell responses such as the magnitude and the time constant of the transient phase in response to the photo-induced dynamic effects. These parameters allowed us to characterize totally the in vitro photodynamic response according to nanoparticle-grafted photosensitizer concentration and light dose. They also let us estimate the strength of the synergic photodynamic effect. This dynamic approach based on statistical modeling furnishes new insights for in vitro characterization of nanoparticles-mediated effects on cell proliferation with or without light irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamanou Benachour
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Bastogne
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Inria, Biologie, Génétique et Statistiques (BIGS), UMR 7502, Institut Elie Cartan Nancy (IECN), Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Yosra Chemli
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aymeric Sève
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), UPR 3349, Nancy, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), UPR 3349, Nancy, France
- CNRS, GdR 3049 “Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED)”, France
| | - François Lux
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Régis Vanderesse
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM), UMR 7568, Nancy, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM), UMR 7568, Nancy, France
| | - Muriel Barberi-Heyob
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, GdR 3049 “Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED)”, France
- Centre Alexis Vautrin, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CRLCC), Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Syu WJ, Yu HP, Hsu CY, Rajan YC, Hsu YH, Chang YC, Hsieh WY, Wang CH, Lai PS. Improved photodynamic cancer treatment by folate-conjugated polymeric micelles in a KB xenografted animal model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:2060-2069. [PMID: 22508664 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-induced chemical reaction that produces localized tissue damage for the treatment of cancers and various nonmalignant conditions. In the clinic, patients treated with PDT should be kept away from direct sunlight or strong indoor lighting to avoid skin phototoxicity. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that the skin phototoxicity of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (m-THPC), a photosensitizer used in the clinic, can be significantly reduced after micellar encapsulation; however, no improvement in antitumor efficacy was observed. In this work, a folate-conjugated polymeric m-THPC delivery system is developed for improving tumor targeting of the photosensitizer, preventing photodamage to the healthy tissue, and increasing the effectiveness of the photosensitizers. The results demonstrate that folate-conjugated m-THPC-loaded micelles with particle sizes around 100 nm are taken up and accumulated by folate receptor-overexpressed KB cells in vitro and in vivo, and their PDT has no significant adverse effects on the body weight of mice. After an extended delivery time, a single dose of folate-conjugated m-THPC-loaded micelles has higher antitumor effects (tumor growth inhibition = 92%) through inhibition of cell proliferation and reduction of vessel density than free m-THPC or m-THPC-loaded micelles at an equivalent m-THPC concentration of 0.3 mg kg(-1) after irradiation. Furthermore, folate-conjugated m-THPC-loaded micelles at only 0.2 mg kg(-1) m-THPC have a similar antitumor efficacy to m-THPC or m-THPC-loaded micelles with the m-THPC concentration at 0.3 mg kg(-1) , which indicates that the folate conjugation on the micellar photosensitizer apparently reduces the requirement of m-THPC for PDT. Thus, folate-conjugated m-THPC-loaded micelles with improved selectivity via folate-folate receptor interactions have the potential to reduce, not only the skin photosensitivity, but also the drug dose requirement for clinical PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jhe Syu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Uzdensky A, Kristiansen B, Moan J, Juzeniene A. Dynamics of signaling, cytoskeleton and cell cycle regulation proteins in glioblastoma cells after sub-lethal photodynamic treatment: antibody microarray study. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:795-803. [PMID: 22484521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) that induces oxidative stress and cell death is used for tumor destruction in oncology. To characterize early molecular events in photosensitized glioblastoma cells, we studied expression of 224 proteins after sublethal PDT that doesn't kill but wounds cells. METHODS Cultured glioblastoma D54Mg cells were photosensitized with 5-aminolevulinic acid so that cell survival was 95-100%. At following 0.5-5.5h protein expression and phosphorylation was assayed using proteomic antibody microarrays. RESULTS Within the first post-treatment hour we observed phosphorylation of protein kinase Raf, adhesion-related kinases FAK and Pyk2, and microtubule-associated protein tau. Protein kinase Cγ and microtubule-associated protein MAP-1B were overexpressed. Dystrophin, calponin, and vinculin, components of the actin cytoskeleton scaffold, microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and CNP, cytokeratins 4 and 7 were down-regulated that indicated changes in adhesion and cell shape. Down-regulation of cyclins A, D1 and D3, c-Myc, checkpoint proteins chk1/2 and up-regulation of Smad4 could arrest the cell cycle. Overexpression of Bcl-xL and down-regulation of caspase 9 demonstrated anti-apoptotic response. At 2h post-treatment protein expression changed lesser but at 5.5h levels of PKCγ and β-synuclein and phosphorylation of Raf, FAK, Pyk2, and tau increased again. CONCLUSIONS Sub-lethal PDT induces complex response of glioblastoma cells including changes in activity and expression of proteins involved in adhesion-mediated signaling, signal transduction, cytoskeleton remodeling, cell cycle regulation and anti-apoptotic processes. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Multiple reactions of various cellular subsystems including adhesion, cytoskeleton, signal transduction, cell cycle, and apoptosis are integrated into the general cell response to a sublethal impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Uzdensky
- Department of Biophysics, Southern Federal University, Stachky 194/1, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Golubovskaya VM. Focal adhesion kinase as a cancer therapy target. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2011; 10:735-41. [PMID: 21214510 DOI: 10.2174/187152010794728648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that resides at the sites of focal adhesions. The 125 kDa FAK protein is encoded by the FAK gene located on human chromosome 8q24. Structurally, FAK consists of an amino-terminal regulatory FERM domain, a central catalytic kinase domain, and a carboxy-terminal focal adhesion targeting domain. FAK has been shown to be an important mediator of cell adhesion, growth, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and migration, all of which are often disrupted in cancer cells. Normal tissues have low expression of FAK, while primary and metastatic tumors significantly overexpress this protein. This review summarizes expression of FAK by immunohistochemical staining in different tumor types and presents several FAK inhibition therapy approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vita M Golubovskaya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Petersson F, Pang B, Loke D, Hao L, Yan B. Biphasic low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma with a prominent spindle cell component: report of a case localized to the posterior nasal septum. Head Neck Pathol 2011; 5:306-13. [PMID: 21424532 PMCID: PMC3173538 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-011-0252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A case (female, 39 years of) of thyroid-like nasopharyngeal low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma with a significant spindle cell component is presented. The tumor was located on the posterior nasal septum. The spindle cells displayed nuclear features very much similar to the epithelial component and the two cell types merged imperceptibly. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells (including the spindle cell component) were strongly and diffusely positive for TTF-1, cytokeratins (AE1-3), cytokeratin 19 and vimentin. C-kit immunohistochemistry showed diffuse mild to moderate membranous positivity with focal areas displaying moderate to strong immunoreactivity. EMA was strongly positive in the epithelial component with membranous and cytoplasmic reactivity whereas the spindle cell component was weakly although diffusely positive. Carcinoembryonic antigen, calcitonin, chromogranin A, S100-protein, thyroglobulin, cdx2 and p63 were negative. The proliferative activity (Mib-1/Ki-67) was low; 3-4%. In the molecular genetic study we found no mutations at position 1799 (exon 15) in the BRAF-gene, (BRAFV600E) or in exons 9 and 11 of the KIT-gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Petersson
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Schwock J, Dhani N, Hedley DW. Targeting focal adhesion kinase signaling in tumor growth and metastasis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 14:77-94. [PMID: 20001212 DOI: 10.1517/14728220903460340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a crucial mediator of integrin and growth factor signaling, is a novel and promising target in cancer therapy. FAK resides within focal adhesions which are contact points between extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoskeleton, and increased expression of the kinase has been linked with cancer cell migration, proliferation and survival. The aim of this review is to summarize the current research in the area and to assess the potential of different FAK-targeting strategies for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW We briefly examine the evidence pointing towards FAK as potential anti-cancer target since its discovery in 1992. Then, we summarize different approaches developed to interfere with FAK signaling and important results reported from these experiments. Finally, we discuss the potential of these strategies to accomplish inhibition of tumor growth and distant spread as well as potentially meaningful combinations with other therapeutic modalities in the context of the currently available evidence. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The review emphasizes the link between FAK biology and the consequences of interference with FAK signaling. Based on this foundation an opinion is formed with regard to the future of FAK as therapeutic target. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Inhibition of FAK harbours the potential to restrain malignant growth and progression with minimal side effects in normal tissues. Small molecule inhibitors of the kinase should be examined in further clinical studies and combinations with existing therapies need to be explored. More efforts are required to identify markers which predict response towards FAK inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Schwock
- Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute (PMH/OCI), Toronto M5G 2M9, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Retèl VP, Hummel MJ, van Harten WH. Review on early technology assessments of nanotechnologies in oncology. Mol Oncol 2009; 3:394-401. [PMID: 19540817 PMCID: PMC5527538 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is expected to play an increasingly important role in the diagnostics, prognostics, and management of targeted cancer treatments. While papers have described promising results for nanotechnology in experimental settings, the translation of fundamental research into clinical applications has yet to be widely adopted. In future, policy makers will need to anticipate new developments for clinical implementation and introduce technology assessments. Here we present an overview of the literature on the technology assessments that have already been undertaken on early stage nanotechnology in cancer care, with particular emphasis placed on clinical efficacy, efficiency, logistics, patient-related features and technology dynamics. Owing to the current stage of development of most nanotechnologies, we found only a limited number of publications describing the application of either Health Technology Assessment (HTA) or Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA). In spite of the promising conclusions of most papers concerning the benefits of clinical implementation, actual clinically relevant applications were rarely encountered, and so far only a few publications report application of systematic forms of technology assessment. Most articles consider aspects of environmental safety, regulation and ethics, often mentioning the need to investigate such issues more thoroughly. Evaluation of financial and organizational aspects is often missing. In order to obtain a realistic perspective on the translation and implementation process there is a need for a broad and systematic evaluation of nanotechnologies at early stages of development. Assessment methods taking technology dynamics into account, such as Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) should be considered for evaluation purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valesca P. Retèl
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan J.M. Hummel
- School of Governance and Management, University of Twente, MB-HTSR, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H. van Harten
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- School of Governance and Management, University of Twente, MB-HTSR, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Amiry N, Kong X, Muniraj N, Kannan N, Grandison PM, Lin J, Yang Y, Vouyovitch CM, Borges S, Perry JK, Mertani HC, Zhu T, Liu D, Lobie PE. Trefoil factor-1 (TFF1) enhances oncogenicity of mammary carcinoma cells. Endocrinology 2009; 150:4473-83. [PMID: 19589871 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The functional role of autocrine trefoil factor-1 (TFF1) in mammary carcinoma has not been previously elucidated. Herein, we demonstrate that forced expression of TFF1 in mammary carcinoma cells resulted in increased total cell number as a consequence of increased cell proliferation and survival. Forced expression of TFF1 enhanced anchorage-independent growth and promoted scattered cell morphology with increased cell migration and invasion. Moreover, forced expression of TFF1 increased tumor size in xenograft models. Conversely, RNA interference-mediated depletion of TFF1 in mammary carcinoma cells significantly reduced anchorage-independent growth and migration. Furthermore, neutralization of secreted TFF1 protein by polyclonal antibody decreased mammary carcinoma cell viability in vitro and resulted in regression of mammary carcinoma xenografts. We have therefore demonstrated that TFF1 possesses oncogenic functions in mammary carcinoma cells. Functional antagonism of TFF1 can therefore be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for mammary carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Amiry
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Weyergang A, Kaalhus O, Berg K. Photodynamic targeting of EGFR does not predict the treatment outcome in combination with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor Tyrphostin AG1478. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:1032-40. [DOI: 10.1039/b806209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Golubovskaya VM, Cance WG. Focal adhesion kinase and p53 signaling in cancer cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2007; 263:103-53. [PMID: 17725966 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(07)63003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The progression of human cancer is characterized by a process of tumor cell motility, invasion, and metastasis to distant sites, requiring the cancer cells to be able to survive the apoptotic pressures of anchorage-independent conditions. One of the critical tyrosine kinases linked to these processes of tumor invasion and survival is the focal adhesion kinase (FAK). FAK was first isolated from human tumors, and FAK mRNA was found to be upregulated in invasive and metastatic human breast and colon cancer samples. Recently, the FAK promoter was cloned, and it has been found to contain p53-binding sites. p53 inhibits FAK transcription, and recent data show direct binding of FAK and p53 proteins in vitro and in vivo. The structure of FAK and p53, proteins interacting with FAK, and the role of FAK in tumorigenesis and FAK-p53-related therapy are reviewed. This review focuses on FAK signal transduction pathways, particularly on FAK and p53 signaling, revealing a new paradigm in cell biology, linking signaling from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vita M Golubovskaya
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|