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Chen H, Li X, Gong Y, Bu T, Wang X, Pan H. Unidirectional drug release from 3D printed personalized buccal patches using FDM technology. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123382. [PMID: 37683982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Oromucosal delivery of active ingredients of drugs provides a superior administration route for the treatment of oral diseases, due to avoidance of the first pass effect. In the present work, in view of the characteristics of large differences between oral ulcer symptoms and different lesion sizes, dexamethasone acetate unidirectional drug release buccal patches has been prepared based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Unidirectional drug release was achieved by covering the top and side with ethyl cellulose. Polyvinyl alcohol as a drug carrier, xylitol as a plasticizer. First, the protection effect of different thicknesses of the protective layer is investigated to determine the thickness of the protective layer. Co-extrusion printing method was adapted, utilizing blank filament to regulate preparations with different areas' drug loading. The results show that co-extrusion had no significant impact on the overall patches' drug release and adhesion properties. The physicochemical properties of the patches were also characterized. Evaluation of irritation is showed that these patches do not cause irritation to the oral mucosa of rats. Pharmacodynamic evaluation results showed that the preparation could promote the reduction of ulcer area. The results showed that FDM printing is a convenient and practical approach in manufacturing buccal patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ye Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Tianshi Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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Assiri K, Hosmani J, Chalikkandy SN, Alkahtani AM, Alhanif RM, Alsarh SA, Patil S, Reda R, Testarelli L. Correlating Salivary Levels of Immunoglobin E and Human Eosinophil Cationic Protein in the Aseer Cohort with Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2923-2931. [PMID: 37457753 PMCID: PMC10348369 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s410061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Repeated Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is the most prevalent inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa, characterized by recurrent emergence of single or numerous painful ulcers. RAS usually affects healthy people without systemic illnesses. There is evidence linking atopy to the progression of this illness. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and human eosinophil cationic protein (HECP) levels in the saliva of individuals with aphthous stomatitis were assessed as allergy-related indicators. Materials and Methods Sixty people were assessed for this study. 30 patients with RAS were included in the patient group, while 30 healthy individuals made up for the control group. Sixty participants' non-stimulated saliva was taken and IgE and HECP were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed in SPSS 20 through the Mann-Whitney test and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results The salivary level of HECP was significantly (p 0.05) higher among cases (0.83 0.70) compared to controls (0.170 0.15), whereas the salivary level of IgE was not significantly (p = 0.41) higher among cases (35.60 11.19) compared to controls (67.42 18.34). Conclusion Even though this study found a positive correlation between elevated HECP levels and RAS, additional research with larger sample sizes is required to identify the biological mechanisms responsible for the observed associations and to include salivary HECP levels in the RAS patient's evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Assiri
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jagadish Hosmani
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah M Alkahtani
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, 84095, USA
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy
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Evaluation of biochemical variables in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101294. [PMID: 36162803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the effects of various biochemical agents on the etiopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). METHODS We enrolled 70 RAS patients and 70 healthy volunteers. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected. We performed complete blood counts, then measured the levels of ferritin, vitamin B12, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, thyroid-stimulating hormone, T3, T4, and 25-hydroxy D3. RESULTS The groups did not differ in terms of age (p = 0.912) or sex (p = 0.612). The levels of ferritin and 25-hydroxy vitamin D were significantly lower in RAS patients (both p ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSION Vitamin D and/or ferritin deficiency may induce RAS. Measurements of vitamin D and ferritin may assist diagnosis and follow-up.
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Fraser LW, LeBlanc RE, Mann JA. Recurrent perioral blistering in an adolescent female. Pediatr Dermatol 2019; 36:531-532. [PMID: 31290604 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey W Fraser
- Dermatology Resident, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Robert E LeBlanc
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Julianne A Mann
- Pediatric Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Lin KC, Tsai LL, KO EC, Sheng-Po Yuan K, Wu SY. Comorbidity profiles among patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A case–control study. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118:664-670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Melis M, Di Giosia M, Colloca L. Ancillary factors in the treatment of orofacial pain: A topical narrative review. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 46:200-207. [PMID: 30326154 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ancillary factors, not directly related to treatment, often play a significant role by affecting therapeutic outcome. A search of the literature was conducted including words related to the placebo phenomenon and orofacial diseases. Therefore, critical factors have been grouped into three major categories: (a) the natural course of the diseases; (b) the regression of the symptoms to their mean intensity; and (c) placebo response. This topical narrative review describes the elements mentioned above, provides an up-to-date overview of the hot topics and gaps in the field and indicates developing and future research direction of the orofacial pain field. Such a knowledge might be positively used during daily clinical practice to optimise the management of orofacial pain diseases, as well as in conducting future clinical trials for validating new interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Melis
- Private practice, Cagliari, Italy.,School of Dentistry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Giosia
- Orofacial Pain Clinic, Department of Endodontics, Center for Pain Research and Innovation, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Luana Colloca
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science & Department of Anesthesiology, School of Nursing/School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
Painful oral vesiculoerosive diseases (OVD) include lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. OVD lesions have an immunopathic cause. Treatment is aimed at reducing the immunologic and the following inflammatory response. The mainstay of OVD management is topical or systemic corticosteroids to include topical triamcinolone, fluocinonide, and clobetasol, whereas systemic medications used in practice can include dexamethasone, prednisone, and prednisolone. Oral herpetic lesions can be primary or recurrent. If management is desired, they can be treated by topical or systemic antiviral drugs. Topical antiviral creams include prescription acyclovir, penciclovir and over-the-counter docosanol.
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Queiroz SIML, da Silva MVA, de Medeiros AMC, de Oliveira PT, Gurgel BCDV, da Silveira ÉJD. Recurrent aphthous ulceration: an epidemiological study of etiological factors, treatment and differential diagnosis. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 93:341-346. [PMID: 29924245 PMCID: PMC6001102 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20186228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous ulcerations are common benign ulcerated lesions on the mouth, whose etiology is poorly understood, with controversial treatment and difficult to control in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cases of recurrent aphthous ulcerations with a focus on treatment, diagnosis and etiology. METHODS This is a retrospective study of the cases of the Oral Diagnosis service of the Rio Grande do Norte Federal University in Natal/RN. Data such as sex, age, race, location, smoking habits, types of treatment, relapsing episodes, laboratory test results and clinical characteristics were collected. The associations between the variables were analyzed using the Pearson Chi-square test (p <0.05). RESULTS A total of 4895 patients were seen in the service over a period of 11 years. Of these, 161 (3.3%) had complaints of oral aphthous ulcerations, of which 76 (47.2%) were diagnosed as suffering from recurrent aphthous ulcerations and 68 (42.2%) with clinical information necessary for evaluation. The tongue was the most affected anatomical region, with 27 individuals (39.7%), followed by the buccal mucosa, with 22 cases (32.3%). STUDY LIMITATIONS Retrospective study with data from medical records. CONCLUSION Dental surgeons, dermatologists and otorhinolaryngologists are the main responsible for the first contact with patients with this disease and should be attentive to the clinical aspects and treat each patient in an individualized way, since the therapy is palliative, its diagnosis is by exclusion and its etiology is unknown.
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Salivary Alpha-Amylase Enzyme, Psychological Disorders, and Life Quality in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:5269856. [PMID: 28408928 PMCID: PMC5376436 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5269856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate stress, anxiety, and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) activity in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The impact of this disease on the life quality was also evaluated. Design. Twenty-two patients with RAS and controls, matched by sex and age, were selected. Stress and anxiety were assessed using Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Life quality was assessed through the World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Saliva samples were collected in the morning and afternoon and the SAA activity was analyzed by enzymatic kinetic method. Results. No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the SAA activity (p = 0.306). Patients with RAS had higher scores of anxiety (p = 0.016). The scores of WHOQOL-BREF were significantly lower in patients with RAS. The values obtained through OHIP-14 were significantly higher in these patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion. RAS negatively affects the life quality. Patients with the disease have higher levels of anxiety, suggesting its association with the etiopathogenesis of RAS.
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Suter VGA, Sjölund S, Bornstein MM. Effect of laser on pain relief and wound healing of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:953-963. [PMID: 28345122 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess a potential benefit of laser use in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The primary outcome variables were pain relief, duration of wound healing and reduction in episode frequency. A PICO approach was used as a search strategy in Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases. After scanning and excluding titles, abstracts and full texts, 11 studies (ten RCTs and one non-randomised controlled trial) were included. Study selection and data extraction was done by two observers. Study participants varied between 7-90 for the laser and 5-90 for the control groups. Laser treatment included Nd:YAG laser ablation, CO2 laser applied through a transparent gel (non-ablative) and diode laser in a low-level laser treatment (LLLT) mode. Control groups had placebo, no therapy or topical corticosteroid treatment. Significant pain relief immediately after treatment was found in five out of six studies. Pain relief in the days following treatment was recorded in seven studies. The duration of RAS wound healing was also reduced in five studies. However, criteria of evaluation differed between the studies. The episode frequency was not evaluated as only one study addressed this outcome parameter, but did not discriminate between the study (LLLT) and control (corticosteroid) groups. Jadad scores (ranging from 0 to 5) for quality assessment of the included studies range between 0 and 2 (mean = 1.0) for studies analysing pain relief and between 0 and 3 (mean = 1.1) for studies evaluating wound healing. The use of lasers (CO2 laser, Nd:YAG laser and diode laser) to relieve symptoms and promote healing of RAS is a therapeutic option. More studies for laser applications are necessary to demonstrate superiority over topical pharmaceutical treatment and to recommend a specific laser type, wavelength, power output and applied energy (ablative versus photobiomodulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie G A Suter
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Sjölund
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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11
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Jin LJ, Lamster IB, Greenspan JS, Pitts NB, Scully C, Warnakulasuriya S. Global burden of oral diseases: emerging concepts, management and interplay with systemic health. Oral Dis 2016; 22:609-19. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LJ Jin
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - IB Lamster
- Department of Health Policy and Management; Mailman School of Public Health; Columbia University; New York NY USA
| | - JS Greenspan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences; School of Dentistry at University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - NB Pitts
- Dental Innovation and Translation Centre; King's College London Dental Institute; London UK
| | - C Scully
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health-General Health; and University College; London UK
| | - S Warnakulasuriya
- King's College London Dental Institute; and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer; London UK
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12
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Gülseren D, Karaduman A, Kutsal D, Nohutcu RM. The relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and periodontal disease and Helicobacter Pylori infection. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2055-2060. [PMID: 26733449 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral mucosal disease with unknown etiology. This cross-sectional study aimed to test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori and periodontal disease might play an etiological role in RAS. METHODS Dental plaque samples obtained from 38 patients with RAS and 43 healthy individuals via periodontal examinations were examined for H. pylori colonization. H. pylori was identified using the rapid urease test (RUT). The periodontal status of the patients and controls was based on the following periodontal parameters: periodontal pocket depth (PPD), the plaque index (PI), the gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). RESULTS RUT results were positive in 34 (89.5 %) of the 38 patients and 24 (55.8 %) of the 43 controls (P = 0.002). There were not any significant differences in mean PPD, PI, GI, or CAL between the patient and control groups (P > 0.05). Mean PPD, PI, GI, and CAL were higher in the RUT-positive RAS patients than in the RUT-negative patients (P > 0.05, for all). CONCLUSIONS The present findings show that H. pylori might have played an etiological role in RAS and might have caused periodontal disease, but RAS was not associated with any of the periodontal parameters examined in this study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present study indicates that H. pylori plays a role in the development of RAS, but periodontal diseases have no effect on it. Eradicating H. pylori might be useful to prevent RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gülseren
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ankara Polatlı Duatepe State Hospital, Şentepe Mah. Hasan Polatkan Cad. B Blok, Polatlı, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - A Karaduman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - D Kutsal
- Department of Periodontology, Aksaray Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - R M Nohutcu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Andishe Tadbir A, Pourshahidi S, Ebrahimi H, Hajipour Z, Memarzade MR, Shirazian S. The effect of Matricaria chamomilla (chamomile) extract in Orabase on minor aphthous stomatitis, a randomized clinical trial. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Huang B, Chen H. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits matrix metalloproteinases in oral ulcers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01263e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of MMPs results in excessive extracellular matrix degradation and oral ulcer healing delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Stomatology of Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning
- China
| | - Huangqin Chen
- Department of Stomatology of Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning
- China
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Abstract
Oral mucosal diseases encompass several common conditions that affect the general population. Some of these disorders present with signs and symptoms that are pathognomonic for the condition, whereas others present with similar features that can make clinical diagnosis difficult to achieve. It is important for physicians to have a clear understanding of these disorders to provide appropriate care to patients. This article reviews clinical aspects of common oral mucosal disorders, including candidiasis, herpes simplex viral infections, aphthous stomatitis, lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, and mucous membrane pemphigoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Stoopler
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Thomas P Sollecito
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Francès C, Pouchot J, Piette JC. Les nouveaux critères de classification du lupus systémique (SLICC). Rev Med Interne 2014; 35:487-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Tanrikulu L. Scoring of international criteria for Behçet's disease. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 30:126. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tanrikulu
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
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Shamim T. The psychosomatic disorders pertaining to dental practice with revised working type classification. Korean J Pain 2013; 27:16-22. [PMID: 24478896 PMCID: PMC3903795 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2014.27.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosomatic disorders are defined as disorders characterized by physiological changes that originate partially from emotional factors. This article aims to discuss the psychosomatic disorders of the oral cavity with a revised working type classification. The author has added one more subset to the existing classification, i.e., disorders caused by altered perception of dentofacial form and function, which include body dysmorphic disorder. The author has also inserted delusional halitosis under the miscellaneous disorders classification of psychosomatic disorders and revised the already existing classification proposed for the psychosomatic disorders pertaining to dental practice. After the inclusion of the subset (disorders caused by altered perception of dentofacial form and function), the terminology "psychosomatic disorders of the oral cavity" is modified to "psychosomatic disorders pertaining to dental practice".
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorakkal Shamim
- Department of Dentistry, Government Taluk Head Quarters Hospital, Malappuram, India
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Cakir E. Is there any relationship between recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis and prediabetes? Med Hypotheses 2013; 81:512-3. [PMID: 23790473 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal disease has been associated with glycaemia. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral lesions and is characterized by painful recurrent oral ulcers. However, the exact cause and treatment of RAS is not yet well-known. Furthermore, there is still unknown the relationship between RAS and glycaemia. Prediabetes has shown to have role on worse metabolic profile. However, there is still no data on the relationship between prediabetes and clinical RAS. Therefore, the purpose of this hypothesis is to assess whether the prediabetes aggravate RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Stoopler
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Levels of salivary IgA in patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a matched case-control study. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:975-80. [PMID: 22814759 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common oral mucosal disease. Despite plenty of studies on aetiopathogenesis of RAS, a definite cause is not clear. The objective of this study was to determine the potential changes of salivary IgA and salivary flow rate in patients affected with minor form of RAS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Levels of salivary IgA in 33 patients with acute RAS (minor form) and 33 matched healthy controls were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Resting salivary flow rates were determined too. Both measurements, levels of salivary IgA and resting salivary flow rate, were performed again for each RAS patient in remission phase. RESULTS Levels of salivary IgA were significantly increased in acute phase of RAS [median (interquartile range)-124.94 μg/mL (106.22-136.31)] in comparison with the levels in healthy controls [88.92 μg/mL (76.85-93.91; P < 0.001)] and with the levels in remission phase [102.4 μg/mL (84.6-120.16; P = 0.01)]. Even in the disease-free period (remission phase), levels of salivary IgA remained significantly higher in comparison with the levels in healthy controls (P = 0.01). Salivary flow rates, on the other side, were not influenced by the disease state (RAS vs. healthy), phase (acute vs. remission) or even gender (males vs. females). CONCLUSION Marked increase of salivary IgA in acute and remission phases of the minor RAS may suggest a potential role for this immunoglobulin in pathogenesis of the disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Salivary IgA may be an important aetiological agent in the pathogenesis of RAS, and hence, its immunomodulation may help prevent the disease.
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