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Mirza A, Watt R, Heilmann A, Stennett M, Singh A. Social Disadvantage and Multimorbidity Including Oral Conditions in the United States. J Dent Res 2024; 103:477-483. [PMID: 38504091 PMCID: PMC11047010 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241228834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Existing studies on multimorbidity have largely excluded oral diseases in multimorbidity prevalence estimates. The reason behind this is somewhat unclear, as chronic oral conditions are highly prevalent, affecting over half the global population. To address this gap, we examined the relationship between social disadvantage and multimorbidity, stratifying by the inclusion and exclusion of oral conditions. For participants aged 30 y and over (n = 3,693), cross-sectional analysis was carried out using the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (2013-2014). Multimorbidity was defined as having 2 or more chronic conditions. Five medical conditions were examined: diabetes, asthma, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and depression, as well as 4 oral health conditions: caries, periodontal disease, number of teeth, and edentulousness. Education and income poverty ratio were selected as measures of social disadvantage. Multimorbidity prevalence estimates according to social disadvantage were analyzed on an absolute and relative scale using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW), adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity. The inclusion of oral health conditions in the assessment of multimorbidity increased the overall prevalence of multimorbidity from 20.8% to 53.4%. Findings from IPTW analysis demonstrated clear social gradients for multimorbidity estimates stratified by the exclusion of oral conditions. Upon inclusion of oral conditions, the prevalence of multimorbidity was higher across all social groups for both education and income. Stratifying by the inclusion of oral conditions, the mean probability of multimorbidity was 27% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-30%) higher in the low-education group compared to the high-education group. Similarly, the mean probability of multimorbidity was 44% (95% CI, 40%-48%) higher in the low-income group. On a relative scale, low education was associated with a 1.52 times (95% CI, 1.44-1.61) higher prevalence of multimorbidity compared to high education. Low income was associated with a 2.18 (95% CI, 1.99-2.39) higher prevalence of multimorbidity. This novel study strongly supports the impact of chronic oral conditions on multimorbidity prevalence estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R.G. Watt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A. Heilmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M. Stennett
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A. Singh
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Weatherspoon DJ, Kirk GD, Piggott DA, Thumbigere-Math V, Dye BA, Macek MD. Baltimore oral epidemiology, disease effects, and HIV evaluation study (BEEHIVE) study protocol: a prospective cohort study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:439. [PMID: 38600460 PMCID: PMC11008028 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As antiretroviral therapy has become widely available and highly effective, HIV has evolved to a manageable, chronic disease. Despite this health advancement, people living with HIV (PLWH) are at an increased risk for age-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. Similarly, PLWH are at an increased risk for selected oral diseases. PLWH with a history of injecting drugs experience an even greater burden of disease than their counterparts. The overall objective of the Baltimore Oral Epidemiology, Disease Effects, and HIV Evaluation (BEEHIVE) study is to determine the combined effects of HIV infection and NCDs on oral health status. The specific aims of the study are to: (1) determine to what extent HIV status influences access to and utilization of oral health care services; (2) determine to what extent HIV status affects self-reported and clinical oral health status; (3) determine to what extent HIV status influences the progression of periodontitis; and (4) determine to what extent HIV status impacts the periodontitis-associated oral microbiome signature. METHODS The BEEHIVE study uses a prospective cohort study design to collect data from participants at baseline and at a 24-month follow-up visit. Data are collected through questionnaire assessments, clinical examinations, and evaluation of oral microbiological samples to determine the drivers of oral disease among a high-risk population of PLWH with a history of injection drug use and prevalent comorbid NCDs. The established AIDS Linked to the Intravenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort serves as the source of participants for the BEEHIVE Study. DISCUSSION Upon completion of the BEEHIVE study, the knowledge gained will be important in informing future clinical and preventive interventions that can be implemented into medical and dental practice to ultimately help eliminate long-standing oral health inequities that PLWH experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darien J Weatherspoon
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, 650 West Baltimore Street, Room 2209, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Gregory D Kirk
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room E6533, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Damani A Piggott
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, 650 West Baltimore Street, Room 2209, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Bruce A Dye
- University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Mail Stop F843 13065 East 17th Avenue, Room 104L, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Mark D Macek
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, 650 West Baltimore Street, Room 2207, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Shoorgashti R, Moshiri A, Lesan S. Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:467-474. [PMID: 38679769 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_702_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking statistics are alarming and the oral mucosa is the first human part of the body that is exposed to the toxic substances of smoking. AIMS Considering the high prevalence rate of tobacco-associated problems in the oral cavity and few studies on the Iranian population regarding the effects of smoking on the oral cavity, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between smoking and oral lesions in the Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational study. In this observational study, the oral cavities of 200 participants (smokers = 100 and non-smokers = 100) were examined by a trained dental student under the supervision of an oral and maxillofacial medicine expert, and the presence of coated tongue, leukoedema, leukoplakia, smoker's palate, smoker's melanosis, erythroplakia, frictional hyperkeratosis, acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, and erythematous candidiasis were recorded. Xerostomia was evaluated based on participants' self-reporting through a questionnaire. All data were analyzed using T-test, Chi-square test, odd ratio, 95% confidence interval, Fisher's exact test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS The results of this study showed smoking is significantly associated with an increased risk of coated tongue (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.32-3.54, P = 0.005), smoker's melanosis (OR: 6.176, 95% CI: 3.28-11.62, P = 0.00002), and frictional hyperkeratosis (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.68-2.60, P = 0.005). However, no significant association was observed between smoking and leukoedema (OR: 1, 95% CI: 0.51-1.94, P = 1). None of the participants presented smoker's palate, erythroplakia, and candidiasis. CONCLUSIONS This study's results showed that smokers exhibited a greater chance of developing oral lesions compared to non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shoorgashti
- Oral Medicine Department, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wan Y, Song P, Liu J, Xu X, Lei X. A hybrid model for hand-foot-mouth disease prediction based on ARIMA-EEMD-LSTM. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:879. [PMID: 38102558 PMCID: PMC10722819 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease that poses a serious threat to children all over the world. However, the current prediction models for HFMD still require improvement in accuracy. In this study, we proposed a hybrid model based on autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and long short-term memory (LSTM) to predict the trend of HFMD. METHODS The data used in this study was sourced from the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China. The daily reported incidence of HFMD from 1 January 2015 to 27 July 2023 was collected to develop an ARIMA-EEMD-LSTM hybrid model. ARIMA, LSTM, ARIMA-LSTM and EEMD-LSTM models were developed to compare with the proposed hybrid model. Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were adopted to evaluate the performances of the prediction models. RESULTS Overall, ARIMA-EEMD-LSTM model achieved the most accurate prediction for HFMD, with RMSE, MAPE and R2 of 4.37, 2.94 and 0.996, respectively. Performing EEMD on the residual sequence yields 11 intrinsic mode functions. EEMD-LSTM model is the second best, with RMSE, MAPE and R2 of 6.20, 3.98 and 0.996. CONCLUSION Results showed the advantage of ARIMA-EEMD-LSTM model over the ARIMA model, the LSTM model, the ARIMA-LSTM model and the EEMD-LSTM model. For the prevention and control of epidemics, the proposed hybrid model may provide a more powerful help. Compared with other three models, the two integrated with EEMD method showed significant improvement in predictive capability, offering novel insights for modeling of disease time series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wan
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, No1 Medical College Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- Big Data Center for Children's Medical Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No 136. Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangchen Liu
- School of Mathematical Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Big Data Center for Children's Medical Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No 136. Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xun Lei
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, No1 Medical College Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Baima G, Shin HS, Arrica M, Laforí A, Cordaro M, Romandini M. The co-occurrence of the two main oral diseases: periodontitis and dental caries. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6483-6492. [PMID: 37714978 PMCID: PMC10630193 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited studies are available testing through multiple regression models the association between the two main oral diseases: dental caries and periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to verify whether dental caries and periodontitis co-occur in a representative sample of the South Korea population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 23,405 subjects representative of 36.2 million of adults (KNHANES) were examined. Univariate and multiple regression analyses using 7 different models were applied, controlling for age, gender, smoking status, frequency of toothbrushing, use of interproximal toothbrushes and flossing, educational level, income, gum diseases treatment and tooth filling in the previous year, BMI, Vitamin D serum levels, alcoholism, diabetes status, stress and carbohydrates dietary intake. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model, participants with periodontitis had, respectively, a mean of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.41-1.23) and of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.22-0.50) more untreated decayed surfaces and teeth than participants without periodontitis, with an OR to have at least one untreated decayed surface of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.66-2.32). However, cumulative caries experience (DF scores) and periodontitis were not associated. CONCLUSIONS In this large nationally representative population, periodontitis and untreated dental caries co-occur. However, when considering cumulative caries experience (DF scores), the two diseases do not appear related. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In light of their possible co-occurrence, clinicians should implement integrative diagnostic, preventive and treatment strategies for both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Hye-Sun Shin
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Mariantonietta Arrica
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andreina Laforí
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Cordaro
- Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 69, 0455, Geitmyrsveien, Oslo, Norway.
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Gupta A, Shrestha P, Poudyal S, Kumar S, Lamichhane RS, Acharya SK, Shivhare P. Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Normal Variants among Nepalese Population. Biomed Res Int 2023; 2023:9375084. [PMID: 37885902 PMCID: PMC10599919 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9375084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Oral mucosa is encountered by various lesions and normal variants. Some are not to be worried about, whereas others may be of significance. Knowing the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a particular region helps better evaluate, diagnose, and, thus, manage these lesions. Objectives To assess the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and normal variants among various age groups, genders, and sites of the orofacial region. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 2021 to March 2021. Three different proformas were designed according to age, gender, and location of lesions for entry as per the WHO's guide. The obtained data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet for frequency analysis by SPSS, and the results were tabulated. Results Among the records of 16572 (9703 (58.55%) males and 6869 (41.44%) females) OPD patients, 3495 (21.08%) (1934 (55.33%) males and 1561 (44.66%) females) had OMLs and 2314 (13.96%) (1626 (70.26%) males and 688 (29.73%) females) had normal mucosal variants. The most commonly seen OML categories were tobacco-associated lesions, i.e., 2056 (34.07%), tongue lesions, i.e., 1598 (26.48%), oral potentially malignant disorders, i.e., 815 (13.50%), ulcers i.e., 728 (12.06%), and infectious lesions, i.e., 256 (4.24%). Conclusion The Nepalese population has a wide range of oral mucosal lesions and normal variants, and this study has attempted to have baseline data for the same. The most common OML was smoker's melanosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan 44207, Nepal
| | - Parikshya Shrestha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur 44705, Nepal
| | - Sijan Poudyal
- Department of Community Dentistry, People's Dental College and Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834009, India
| | - Ram Sudan Lamichhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur 44705, Nepal
| | - Surendra Kumar Acharya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur 44705, Nepal
| | - Peeyush Shivhare
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, India
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Kaewkamnerdpong I, Urwannachotima N, Prasertsom P, Charoenruk N, Krisdapong S. Impact of oral diseases on 12- and 15-year-old children's quality of life: condition-specific oral health related quality of life analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:722. [PMID: 37803442 PMCID: PMC10559395 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral diseases can affect children's quality of life. The aim of the present study was to assess the Condition-Specific (CS) impacts from oral diseases in 12- and 15-year-old Thai population using data from the two consecutive national oral health-related quality of life surveys. METHODS The oral health-related quality of life surveys were conducted for this study as a part of 6th and 7th national oral health survey. The study sample of 1,066 12- and 815 15-year-olds from 6th national oral health survey; and 556 12- and 351 15-year-olds from 7th national oral health survey were from Bangkok and four regions of Thailand. Oral impacts were assessed by the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index for 12- and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index for 15-year-olds. The overall impacts and CS impacts attributed to oral diseases were calculated. The detailed characteristics of the CS impacts were analyzed. Cochran's Q test and McNemar's test were used to determine the difference between the proportions of CS impacts of caries, gingival diseases, oral lesions, and malocclusion. RESULTS CS impacts-caries were prevalent for both age, followed by gingival disease and oral lesions. CS impacts-caries were the highest in the intensity and extent for both age groups. CS impacts-caries were significantly higher than those of gingival diseases for eating, speaking, relaxing, emotional state, and studying. CS impacts-gingival disease was significantly higher than caries for cleaning in one survey. CONCLUSIONS CS impacts-caries were the most prevalent and severe among adolescent. Gingival disease was infrequently related to severe impacts on daily performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issarapong Kaewkamnerdpong
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nipaporn Urwannachotima
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Piyada Prasertsom
- Department of Health, Bureau of Dental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nontaburi, 11000, Thailand
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Castrejón-Pérez RC, Wanyonyi KL, García-Vázquez PE, Cruz-Hervert LP, Ramírez-Aldana R, Borges-Yáñez SA. Frailty index and ten oral conditions in the Coyoacan cohort study: A cross-sectional analysis. Gerodontology 2023; 40:372-381. [PMID: 36358062 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the relationship between the Frailty Index and 10 oral conditions controlling for nutritional status among Mexican community-dwelling older people. BACKGROUND Studies suggest that the association between frailty and oral conditions are mediated by nutrition. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional analysis includes 487 community-dwelling men and women aged ≥70 years old. Interview and clinical examinations were performed at participants' homes. Objective (number of natural teeth, root remnants, dental condition, utilisation and functionality of removable dental prostheses and periodontitis) and subjective (utilisation of dental services, self-rated oral health, chewing difficulties and xerostomia) oral variables were collected by trained personnel. The Frailty Index was calculated considering 35 deficits. Nutritional status measured with the Mini-Nutritional assessment (MNA), age, sex, education, and marital status were included as covariates. We fitted 11 multivariate generalised linear models (one for each oral condition), assuming gamma distribution for Frailty Index as the outcome. RESULTS Participants average age was 78.1 years, 52.1% were women. We observed a higher Frailty Index among those rating their oral health as worse than others their age (5.1%), reporting chewing difficulties often (4.9%) and fairly and very often (7.0%), and xerostomia (4.8%). Age, gender and MNA were consistently associated with the Frailty Index. CONCLUSION Subjective oral conditions are compatible with the Frailty Index after controlling for older people's nutritional status and covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paola E García-Vázquez
- Postgraduate and Research Studies Division, Dentistry School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Pablo Cruz-Hervert
- Postgraduate and Research Studies Division, Dentistry School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Ramírez-Aldana
- Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S Aída Borges-Yáñez
- Postgraduate and Research Studies Division, Dentistry School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Carnalla M, Rojas-Martínez R, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Allen-Leigh B, León-Maldonado L, Gutiérrez-Xicoténcatl L, Portillo-Romero AJ, Nyitray AG, Salmerón J, Giuliano AR, Lazcano-Ponce E. Prevalence and development of a risk score for oral human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men in Mexico. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:751-757. [PMID: 37525481 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for oral human papillomavirus (HPV infection). There are no specific screening guidelines to facilitate the identification of people at risk for oral HPV infection. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral high-risk HPV and create a risk score to identify MSM at higher risk for prevalent oral HPV. METHODS We collected baseline data from a clinical trial from a subsample of 500 MSM attending sexually transmitted disease treatment clinics; they provided an oral gargle sample for high-risk HPV detection. We calculated oral high-risk HPV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), used a logistic regression model to identify factors associated with high-risk HPV infection, and created a risk score. RESULTS The prevalence of any oral high-risk HPV among MSM was 11.1% (95% CI: 8.6-14.2), with a higher prevalence observed among men living with HIV (14.8%). Factors independently associated with oral high-risk HPV were age ≥40 years (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.28-5.73 compared to <40 years), being HIV-positive with CD4 count 200-499 (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.34-5.65 compared to HIV-negative), and recent recreational use of vasodilators (poppers/sildenafil) (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.02-2.97). The risk score had good discriminatory power (AUC = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.63-0.77). CONCLUSIONS MSM have specific predictors for prevalent oral high-risk HPV, and a risk score could be used by clinicians to target men with vaccine recommendations and counseling, and identify those who could benefit from primary interventions given the available resources, or for referral to dental services for follow-up when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Carnalla
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Rojas-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Betania Allen-Leigh
- Dirección de Salud Reproductiva, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Leith León-Maldonado
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Gutiérrez-Xicoténcatl
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Alan G Nyitray
- Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Wang Y, Ramos-Gomez F, Kemoli A, John-Stewart G, Wamalwa D, Benki-Nugent S, Slyker J, Seminario A. Oral Diseases and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Kenyan Children and Adolescents with HIV. JDR Clin Trans Res 2023; 8:168-177. [PMID: 35354307 PMCID: PMC10026160 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221087951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) have a higher risk of hard and soft oral tissue diseases as compared with their healthy peers. It is important to increase awareness regarding the need to integrate oral health within medical care among pediatric HIV populations. Studies on associations of oral diseases with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in CALHIV are lacking. This study examined the association between oral diseases and OHRQoL in Kenyan CALHIV. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis was nested in a longitudinal cohort study of CALHIV in Nairobi. CALHIV received oral examinations, and the World Health Organization's Oral Health Surveys and Record Form was administered. OHRQoL was measured with the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire, with the subdomains of global, oral symptoms, function limitations, and emotional and social well-being, with higher scores indicating poorer OHRQoL. Linear regression was used to model associations between OHRQoL and oral diseases, adjusting for age at the time of oral examination, CD4 counts, and caregiver's education. RESULTS Among 71 CALHIV, the mean age was 12.6 y (SD, 2.9; range, 10 to <21), and the mean composite OHRQoL score was 12.6 (SD, 11.2). Ulcers (not herpes simplex virus or aphthous) were associated with the worst overall OHRQoL (mean, 21.8; SD, 11.1; P = 0.055) and oral symptoms subdomain (mean, 7.0, SD, 2.5; P = 0.003). Children with dry mouth and untreated caries had significantly higher mean global OHRQoL scores than those without disease (P < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, the OHRQoL composite score was 6.3 units (95% CI, -0.3 to 12.9) higher for those who had dry mouth and untreated dental caries; dry mouth accounted for the highest percentage of variability of OHRQoL (9.6%) and the global subdomain (31.9%). Ulcers accounted for the highest percentage of variability of the oral symptoms domain (15.4%). CONCLUSIONS Oral ulcers, dry mouth, and untreated caries were associated with poorer OHRQoL in CALHIV. Integrating oral health into the primary care of CALHIV may improve their OHRQoL. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This study aimed to determine the association of oral diseases with the oral health-related quality of life of children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV). The findings will form part of the evidence to incorporate oral health protocols into care programs for CALHIV. Oral health monitoring has the potential to increase the surveillance of HIV clinical status, monitor the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy, and improve the oral health-related quality of life of CALHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases,
University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - F. Ramos-Gomez
- Division of Preventative and
Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A.M. Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and
Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G. John-Stewart
- Departments of Global Health, Medicine,
and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D. Wamalwa
- Department of Pediatrics and Child
Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S. Benki-Nugent
- Department of Global Health, University
of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J. Slyker
- Departments of Epidemiology and Global
Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A.L. Seminario
- UW Timothy A. DeRouen Center for Global
Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry,
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Arkia M, Rezaei J, Salari N, Vaziri S, Abdi A. Oral status and affecting factors in Iranian ICU patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:154. [PMID: 36927446 PMCID: PMC10022095 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral care is crucial in intensive care units (ICUs). Meanwhile, this action is not well-performed, therefore, mouth cavity-associated disorders cause serious outcomes, e.g. ventilator-dependent pneumonia. Considering a lack of studies in Iran on this subject, this study aimed to determine the oral status and affected factors in ICU patients in Iran. METHODS In a cross-sectional study in 2019, we assessed the oral status of 138 patients admitted to the ICUs in the Kermanshah and Ilam provinces by census method. The tools were a demographic and clinical characteristics checklist, and Beck's oral status assessment scale (BOAS). The researcher investigated the condition of the patient's mouth, and their records. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS In this study, the prevalence of moderate and severe disorders of the lips, gums and oral mucosa, tongue, teeth, and saliva were 14.4, 26.1, 16.6, 49.3, and 34.8 percent, respectively. Six percent of patients had a normal oral condition. Oral status had a significant relationship with education level, age, marital status, brushing teeth, NG tube, and consciousness level. CONCLUSION Compared to other studies, the prevalence of oral cavity disorders in ICU patients of the Ilam and Kermanshah provinces was high. It mandates paying crucial attention to nurses' continued education, using standard guidelines, and applying new facilities. Moreover, it is mandated for periodical visits of patients by a dentist in ICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Arkia
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Student Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jahangir Rezaei
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Vaziri
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829 Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Bahuguna M, Hooda S, Mohan L, Gupta RK, Diwan P. Identifying oral microbiome alterations in adult betel quid chewing population of Delhi, India. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278221. [PMID: 36598926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study targets to establish a factorial association of oral microbiome alterations (oral dysbiosis) with betel quid chewing habits through a comparison of the oral microbiome of Betel quid chewers and non-chewing individuals. Oral microbiome analysis of 22 adult individuals in the Delhi region of India through the 16S sequencing approach was carried out to observe the differences in taxonomic abundance and diversity. A significant difference in diversity and richness among Betel Quid Chewers (BQC) and Betel Quid Non-Chewers (BQNC) groups was observed. There were significant differences in alpha diversity among the BQC in comparison to BQNC. However, in the age group of 21-30 years old young BQC and BQNC there was no significant difference in alpha diversity. Similar result was obtained while comparing BQC and Smoker-alcoholic BQC. BQ smoker-chewers expressed significant variance in comparison to BQC, based on cluster pattern analysis. The OTU-based Venn Diagram Analysis revealed an altered microbiota, for BQ chewing group with 0-10 years exposure in comparison to those with 10 years and above. The change in the microbial niche in early chewers may be due to abrupt chemical component exposure affecting the oral cavity, and thereafter establishing a unique microenvironment in the long-term BQC. Linear discriminant analysis revealed, 55 significant features among BQC and Alcoholic-Smoker BQC; and 20 significant features among BQC and Smoker BQC respectively. The study shows the abundance of novel bacterial genera in the BQC oral cavity in addition to the commonly found ones. Since the oral microbiome plays a significant role in maintaining local homeostasis, investigating the link between its imbalance in such conditions that are known to have an association with oral diseases including cancers may lead to the identification of specific microbiome-based signatures for its early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Bahuguna
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunila Hooda
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Lalit Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Prerna Diwan
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
There is a global increase in the older population. Unfortunately, dental conditions in the older population can sometimes be poor as a result of worsened physical conditions and the cumulative damage caused by dental diseases in the past. Many suffer from oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease but receive no regular dental care. Oral conditions and systemic problems are interrelated. Chronic medical problems and polypharmacy are common among them. These conditions may lead to xerostomia with or without a decrease in saliva output. Additionally, many older adults have deteriorated masticatory function associated with physical health issues such as frailty. Preventive measures are crucial to stop oral diseases from progressing and the replacement of missing teeth is needed when masticatory function is impaired. Older adults also suffer a higher risk of oral cancer because of their less resilient but more permeable oral mucosa. With the increasing need for elderly dental care, dentists should equip themselves with knowledge and skills in geriatric dentistry. They should help older adults to develop and maintain the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. This communication article aims to discuss the relevant medical conditions, common dental diseases, and dental care for older adults.
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Seminario AL, Kemoli A, Fuentes W, Wang Y, Rajanbabu P, Wamalwa D, Benki-Nugent S, John-Stewart G, Slyker JA. The effect of antiretroviral therapy initiation on vitamin D levels and four oral diseases among Kenyan children and adolescents living with HIV. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275663. [PMID: 36227876 PMCID: PMC9560522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on the occurrence of oral diseases among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ART timing on vitamin D levels and the prevalence of four oral diseases (dry mouth, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and non-herpes oral ulcer) among Kenyan CALHIV from two pediatric HIV cohorts. METHODS This nested cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. CALHIV, 51 with early-ART initiated at <12 months of age and 27 with late-ART initiated between 18 months-12 years of age, were included. Demographics, HIV diagnosis, baseline CD4 and HIV RNA viral load data were extracted from the primary study databases. Community Oral Health Officers performed oral health examinations following standardized training. RESULTS Among 78 CALHIV in the study, median age at the time of the oral examination was 11.4 years old and median ART duration at the time of oral examination was 11 years (IQR: 10.1, 13.4). Mean serum vitamin D level was significantly higher among the early-ART group than the late-ART group (29.5 versus 22.4 ng/mL, p = 0.0002). Children who received early-ART had a 70% reduction in risk of inadequate vitamin D level (<20 ng/mL), compared to those who received late-ART (p = 0.02). Although both groups had similar prevalence of oral diseases overall (early-ART 82.4%; late-ART 85.2%; p = 0.2), there was a trend for higher prevalence of dry mouth (p = 0.1) and dental caries (p = 0.1) in the early versus late ART groups. The prevalence of the four oral diseases was not associated with vitamin D levels (p = 0.583). CONCLUSIONS After >10 years of ART, CALHIV with early-ART initiation had higher serum vitamin D levels compared to the late-ART group. The four oral diseases were not significantly associated with timing of ART initiation or serum vitamin D concentrations in this cohort. There was a trend for higher prevalence of dry mouth and dental caries in the early-ART group, probably as side-effects of ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Seminario
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Arthur Kemoli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Walter Fuentes
- Petaluma Health Center, University of California San Francisco, Petaluma, California, United States of America
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Poojashree Rajanbabu
- University of Washington Timothy A. DeRouen Center for Global Oral Health, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dalton Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sarah Benki-Nugent
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Grace John-Stewart
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Slyker
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Owczarek-Drabińska JE, Nowak P, Zimoląg-Dydak M, Radwan-Oczko M. The Prevalence of Oral Mucosa Lesions in Pediatric Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11277. [PMID: 36141550 PMCID: PMC9517449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of oral mucosa lesions (OMLs) among children varies from 4.1% up to 69.5%. There is a lack of sufficient epidemiological data and adequate knowledge about OMLs in relation to minors' gender and age. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of OMLs in children, patients of the oral pathology clinic in south-western parts of Poland, and to investigate the potential correlation between the occurrence of particular types of OMLs and the gender and age. A retrospective study was performed using a total of 2474 clinical charts from 2015 to 2019. Data collected included age, gender, and OMLs' type. The prevalence of OMLs in minors was 5.21%. Aphthae was the most frequent diagnosis. Boys were more commonly affected, and traumatic erosion and ulcers were significantly more often detected in males. The mean age of children was 8 y/o, preschoolers were significantly more often diagnosed with geographic tongue, while Morsicatio buccarum was significantly more common in school children and adolescents. Clinicians should be familiar with OMLs prevalence and with its specific frequency in connection to age and gender of children. Furthermore, they should be aware of the diversity of OMLs found in the oral cavity of children and that their frequency in the pediatric population is different from that in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrycja Nowak
- Student Scientific Society of Oral Health, Department of Oral Pathology Wroclaw Medical University, 50-376 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zimoląg-Dydak
- Student Scientific Society of Oral Health, Department of Oral Pathology Wroclaw Medical University, 50-376 Wroclaw, Poland
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Miranda GGB, Chaves-Junior SDC, Lopes MP, da Rocha TB, Colares DF, Ito FA, Cavalcante IL, Cavalcante RB, de Andrade BAB, Nonaka CFW, Alves PM, de Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Cunha JLS. Oral mucoceles: A Brazillian Multicenter Study of 1,901 Cases. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:81-90. [PMID: 36287502 PMCID: PMC9645162 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucocele (OM) is the most common lesion of minor salivary glands. The present study aimed to report the clinical and demographic features of a large series of OMs and identify possible predictive variables associated with the recurrence rate of these lesions. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 43,754 biopsy records from four pathology services in Brazil were analyzed. All cases of OMs were reviewed, and clinical and demographic data were collected. The study comprised 1,002 females (56.2%) and 782 males (43.8%), with a mean age of 19.8±16.4 years (range: 01-87 years) and a 1.3:1 female-to-male ratio. The lower lip (n=1,160; 67.4%), and floor of the mouth (n=172; 10.0%), were the most common affected sites, presenting clinically as nodules (n=978; 79.4%) of smooth surface (n=428; 77.5%) and normal color (n=768, 46.7%). Excisional biopsy was the treatment in most cases (n=1,392; 78.0%). Recurrent OMs represented 6.2% of all diagnosed cases (n=117). OMs recurred more commonly in younger patients (aged<20 years) (p<0.0001), in lesions larger than 2 cm in diameter (p<0.0001), and in those located in the ventral tongue (p=0.0351). Also, recurrence rates were higher significantly in cases treated with laser surgery than in those with conventional surgery (p=0.0005). Patients with OMs should be carefully informed of its possible recurrence, especially when found on the ventral tongue of young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgea Gabriela Barreto Miranda
- Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research, Tiradentes University(UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | | | - Talytha Barbosa da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Débora Frota Colares
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Fábio Augusto Ito
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Pollianna Muniz Alves
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - John Lennon Silva Cunha
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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de Andrade BAB, de Arruda JAA, Gilligan G, Piemonte E, Panico R, Molina Ávila I, Pimentel Sola JM, Carmona Lorduy MC, Pupo Marrugo S, Sánchez Tatis AS, Werner LC, Abrahão AC, Agostini M, Buoro L, Israel MS, Freire NDA, Lima LA, Abrantes TDC, Cunha JLS, Pérez-de-Oliveira ME, Roza ALOC, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, de Almeida OP, Pontes FSC, Pontes HAR, Rondanelli BM, Villarroel-Dorrego M, Bologna-Molina R, Derderian N, Sánchez-Romero C, Abreu LG, Fonseca FP, Mesquita RA, Gomez RS, Martínez-Flores R, Delgado-Azañero W, Alves ATNN, Lourenço SDQC, Coimbra C, Polignano GAC, Assunção Júnior JNR, Souto GR, Souza PEA, Horta MCR, González-Arriagada WA, Romañach MJ. Acquired oral syphilis: A multicenter study of 339 patients from South America. Oral Dis 2022; 28:1561-1572. [PMID: 34263964 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the clinicopathologic features of acquired oral syphilis cases in South American countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data were retrospectively collected from the records of 18 oral diagnostic services in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, and Peru. Serologies of nontreponemal and treponemal tests were used for diagnosis. RESULTS The series comprised 339 cases of acquired oral syphilis. Secondary syphilis ranked as the most common stage (86.7%). Lesions were more frequent among males (58.0%) and young adults with a mean age of 33.3 years. Individuals aged 20-29 years were most affected (35.3%). The most commonly involved sites were the tongue (31.6%), lip/labial commissure (25.1%), and hard/soft palate (20.4%). Clinically, acquired oral syphilis usually presented as mucous patches (28.4%), papules (25.7%), and ulcers (18.1%). Skin manifestations occurred in 67.7% of individuals, while lymphadenopathy and fever were observed in 61.3% and 11.6% of all subjects, respectively. Most patients were treated with the benzathine penicillin G antibiotic. CONCLUSION This report validates the spread of acquired oral syphilis infection among young adults in South America. Our directives include accessible diagnostic tools for proper disease screening, surveillance, and counselling of affected individuals, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Gilligan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Piemonte
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - René Panico
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aline Corrêa Abrahão
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle Agostini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luisa Buoro
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mônica Simões Israel
- Department of Diagnosis and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Oral Medicine, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Ambrósio Lima
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thamiris de Castro Abrantes
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - John Lennon Silva Cunha
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Nathalie Derderian
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Celeste Sánchez-Romero
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - René Martínez-Flores
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Wilson Delgado-Azañero
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanna Ribeiro Souto
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Alencar Souza
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário José Romañach
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hong J, Zhao Z, Su Q, Huang JQ, Chen X, Le JX, Liu XL, Hu Y, Gao DZ, Zhang ZJ. [Research advances in transmission dynamic models on hand, foot, and mouth disease]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:966-973. [PMID: 35725357 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211221-01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood infectious disease caused by various enteroviruses. China has the most significant number of reported cases and deaths of HFMD over the globe. Understanding the epidemic laws of HFMD can provide a scientific basis for designing prevention and control measures. The dynamic transmission models focus on the transmission mechanism of infectious diseases. They can simulate the actual situation to study the epidemic rules of diseases by adding, deleting, and subdividing compartments. More researchers have paid attention to dynamic models because of their high flexibility. To carry out the dynamic model of the HFMD research more effectively, a comprehensive understanding of related research progress in this field is deeply needed. In this paper, based on various researchers' different research purposes of dynamic models, the research progress was classified and summarized, providing meaningful guidance for model construction methods and future research directions and references for dynamic modeling of other models of infectious diseases. It was found that most studies used the SIR dynamic model or its extended model (such as the SEIR model), and few studies contained a complex factor compartment. Some important epidemiological parameters (such as R0) were obtained by studying the HFMD cases in a specific region, simulating different intervention scenarios to evaluate the effect of measures, or revealing the future trend by model prediction. However, there is no dynamic model simultaneously considering age structure, population moving, seasonality and periodicity, and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Q Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J X Le
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X L Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Z Gao
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Z J Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Brouwer AF, Campredon LP, Walline HM, Marinelli BM, Goudsmit CM, Thomas TB, Delinger RL, Lau YK, Andrus EC, Yost ML, McCloskey JK, Sullivan TS, Mortensen AS, Huang S, Murphy K, Cheng B, Stanek K, Nair T, Carey TE, Meza R, Eisenberg MC. Prevalence and determinants of oral and cervicogenital HPV infection: Baseline analysis of the Michigan HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer (MHOC) cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268104. [PMID: 35576195 PMCID: PMC9109914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined baseline oral and cervicogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and determinants of infection in the Michigan HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer (MHOC) study. We enrolled 394 college-age and older participants of both sexes in Ann Arbor, Michigan and the surrounding area. All participants provided an oral sample at baseline, and 130 females provided a cervicogenital sample. Samples were tested for 18 HPV genotypes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) MassArray. Participants filled out sociodemographic and behavioral questionnaires. Prevalence ratios for HPV oral or cervicogenital prevalence by predictor variables were estimated in univariable log-binomial models. Analysis was conducted 2018–20. In the full cohort, baseline oral HPV prevalence was 10.0% for any detected genotype (among the 338 valid oral tests at baseline) and 6.5% for high-risk types, and cervicogenital prevalence was 20.0% and 10.8%, respectively (among the 130 first valid cervicogenital tests). Oral HPV prevalence did not vary by sex, with 10.5% of women and 9.0% of men having an infection. We found a high prevalence of oral and cervicogenital HPV infection in college-age participants reporting no lifetime sexual partners. Reporting a single recent partner was associated with a lower oral HPV prevalence (PR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.96) than reporting no recent (but at least one ever) partner. No similar protective effect was seen for cervicogenital HPV. Both oral and cervicogenital prevalence increased with the number of recent partners for most sexual behaviors. We observed an ecological fallacy masking the direction of impact of vaccination on HPV prevalence in the full cohort compared to the college-aged and the age 23+ populations considered separately. Substance use was not significantly associated with oral or cervicogenital HPV infection. Many studies report substantially higher oral HPV infection prevalence in men than in women. That difference may not be uniform across populations in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F. Brouwer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lora P. Campredon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Heather M. Walline
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brittany M. Marinelli
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christine M. Goudsmit
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Trey B. Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rachel L. Delinger
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yan Kwan Lau
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Emily C. Andrus
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Monica L. Yost
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jodi K. McCloskey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Taylor S. Sullivan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alex S. Mortensen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Suiyuan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Keith Murphy
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bonnie Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kayla Stanek
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Thankam Nair
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Carey
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Marisa C. Eisenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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20
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Grisi DC, Vieira IV, de Almeida Lima AK, de Oliveira Mattos MC, Damé-Teixeira N, Salles LP, de Oliveira LA, Stefani C, do Carmo Machado Guimarães M. The Complex Interrelationship between Diabetes Mellitus, Oral Diseases and General Health. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e220321192408. [PMID: 34225632 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210322153210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that several oral diseases and conditions can be associated with DM. Dental caries, hyposalivation, fungal diseases and endodontics lesions may represent potential oral complications that can be aggravated by chronic hyperglycemia. Individuals with DM have a low perception of oral diseases which can lead to clinically important oral and systemic complications. This review aims to provide data on the most common oral signs and symptoms related to DM and to explore the mechanisms that might explain associations between DM and oral diseases in order to clarify the risks posed by poor oral health in DM. Since the linkage between oral diseases and DM is part of multifactorial aspects related to chronic hyperglycemic status and several common conditions affecting the whole body, both require rigorous self-control from patients and attention from medical and dental professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Corrêa Grisi
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Nailê Damé-Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Loise Pedrosa Salles
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | | | - Cristine Stefani
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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21
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Morán-Torres A, Pazos-Salazar NG, Téllez-Lorenzo S, Jiménez-Lima R, Lizano M, Reyes-Hernández DO, Marin-Aquino JDJ, Manzo-Merino J. HPV oral and oropharynx infection dynamics in young population. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1991-2000. [PMID: 34482527 PMCID: PMC8578222 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, especially those from the head and neck region, has increased. The relatively early age of presentation of HPV-positive head and neck cancer (HNC) indicates that viral infection might be acquired early in life. Persistent HPV infection has been recognized as the main risk factor for cancer development, but most studies have focused on evaluating HPV persistence in the genital region. Thus, in this work, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV in oral cavity and oropharynx in a young population, as well as the possible persistence of the infection after 12 months. Our results indicate that almost half (46.8%) of the analyzed population harbors an HPV infection either in the oral cavity or in the oropharynx. Furthermore, after 1 year of initial identification, half of them eliminated the infection, and only one person (5.26%) exhibited persistence. Interestingly, 50% of the individuals who successfully eliminated the infection acquired a new viral type, indicating that even when the primary infection is effectively eliminated by the immune system, there is a dynamic circulation of HR-HPV types that produce reinfection. This dynamic HPV infection among young individuals could influence the future establishment of cancer in some proportion of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Morán-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio, Edificio FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nidia G Pazos-Salazar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio, Edificio FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Susana Téllez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio, Edificio FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Roberto Jiménez-Lima
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego O Reyes-Hernández
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José de J Marin-Aquino
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Belisario Dominguez secc 1, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, , Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Abstract
Tobacco and its various forms cause major oral health problems. Tobacco either in smoked or smokeless forms is prevalent in Nepal and counts as a risk factor for the causation of various red and white lesions, premalignant lesions, oral cancers, gingival and periodontal diseases. Tobacco in conjunction with other risk factors adds a potential threat to oral diseases and its timely control is a cure to those threats. This article focuses on tobacco and its forms affecting oral health and also focuses on its prevention and control from the ground to the National level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anima Bhandari
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Nisha Bhatta
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
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Ilyas N, Sood S, Radia R, Suffern R, Fan K. Paediatric dental pain and infection during the COVID period. Surgeon 2021; 19:e270-e275. [PMID: 33663945 PMCID: PMC7920802 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the coronavirus pandemic, paediatric patients will still likely present with dental pain and infection. In order to streamline care at King's College Hospital (KCH), Paediatric Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) have developed a collaborative working approach allowing patients to be treated effectively and to streamline patient care in the absence of easy access to general anaesthetic facilities. METHOD Presenting complaints, treatment need and the treatment received were recorded for all paediatric patients presenting with dental pain and infection in the "lockdown" period (23rd March- 14th June) during "normal" working hours and "out of hours" to either paediatric dentistry or OMFS. RESULTS 420 calls were triaged which converted to 67 patients seen face-to-face for oro-facial pain and infection. 41% of children were treated successfully under Local anaesthetic alone, only 13% required a general anaesthetic (GA) in the "lockdown" period. The vast majority of patients had antibiotics prescribed prior to attendance (80%). CONCLUSION We have demonstrated the demographic, presenting complaints and treatment need of patients who presented to KCH during the lockdown period with dental pain and infection. The majority were able to be treated without needing for GA facilities. This paper highlights how a collaborative approach between paediatric dentistry and OMFS can help streamline patient care and is a model which can be adopted by other units in the event of further "lockdowns".
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Ilyas
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Sanjeev Sood
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Ria Radia
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Rachael Suffern
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Kathleen Fan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, SE5 9RS, UK.
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24
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El Kady DM, Gomaa EA, Abdella WS, Ashraf Hussien R, Abd ElAziz RH, Khater AGA. Oral manifestations of COVID-19 patients: An online survey of the Egyptian population. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:852-860. [PMID: 33931952 PMCID: PMC8239795 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This pilot survey aims to study the oral manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection and report the prevalence of oral signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 15 to June 10, 2020, we used an online questionnaire containing the oral manifestations that are expected to be associated with the COVID-19 infection. Adults in our survey who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 positive were confirmed with reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), and isolated in various hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. RESULTS This pilot study included 58 (53.4% males and 46.6% females) COVID-19 patients ages 18-46 years, and 13 (22.4%) were healthcare workers. Our results showed that 67.2% of the patients had at least one manifestation related to the oral cavity and salivary glands, and 32.8% (n = 19) did not have any symptoms associated with the oral cavity. The highest prevalence symptoms were dry mouth 39.7% (n = 23), gustatory dysfunction as 34.5% (n = 20) loss of salt sensation, 29.3% (n = 17) loss of sweet sensation, and 25.9% (n = 15) altered food taste, while the least prevalent symptoms were tongue redness 8.8% (n = 5), and gingival bleeding 7% (n = 4). The most frequently associated symptoms were loss of salt and sweetness, as reported by 27.6% of the participants. However, there was no significant association between the incidence of oral symptoms and demographic data (age, gender, or job) of the patients (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on limited data, COVID-19 significantly impacts the oral cavity and salivary glands, as salivary gland-related symptoms and taste disorders are highly prevalent in COVID-19 patients.
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25
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Mulder R, Mohamed N, Mathiba O. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children attending the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic in Cape Town. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 8:160-168. [PMID: 34586712 PMCID: PMC8874076 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Investigation of the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected children undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Materials and Methods Cross‐sectional study of 66 HIV seropositive children, comprised of 28 (42.4%) females and 38 (57.6%) males (average age of 6 years). Study participants all required data regarding CD4+ T‐helper cell counts and the viral load. All participants underwent an orofacial clinical examination by calibrated clinicians. Associations between the presence of oral mucosal lesions, CD4+ cell counts, and viral load were analyzed using Poisson regression. Results The prevalence of oral manifestations was detected in 21 children (31.8%). Oral lesions were detected in 16 children with viral load copies <50 cells/mm3 and 22 children with CD4+ counts >500 cells/mm3. Predominant lesions identified included angular cheilitis (36.7%), candidiasis (13.3%) and atypical oral ulcers (13.3%). The presence of one lesion was the most prevalent represented by 19 children. Oral lesions in relation to the CD4+ counts >500 resulted in; 14 children with one oral lesion, 5 with two lesions and 3 with three oral mucosal lesions. The other half of this CD4+ count patient group presented with no oral mucosal lesions. Oral lesions in relation Viral load copies <50 resulted in; 9 children with one oral lesion, 3 with two oral mucosal lesions and 4 with three oral mucosal lesions. The other half of this Viral load patient group presented with no oral mucosal lesions. No significant correlations were established between the presence of oral mucosal lesions and low CD4+ counts (p = 0.715) nor with high viral load counts (p = 0.638). Conclusion HIV‐related oral mucosal lesions still presented in the participants despite management with HAART. Based on the results, CD4+ counts and viral load does not appear to be suitable markers of orofacial involvement in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaan Mulder
- Restorative DentistryThe University of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Nadia Mohamed
- Pediatric DentistryThe University of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Olorato Mathiba
- Pediatric DentistryThe University of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
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26
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Bidinotto AB, Kops NL, Bessel M, Maranhão AGK, Moreno F, Pereira GFM, Villa LL, Wendland EM. Prevalence of oral HPV infection in unvaccinated young adults in Brazil. Oral Oncol 2021; 120:105396. [PMID: 34182222 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to report the national prevalence of oral HPV infection among unvaccinated women and men aged 16-25 years who utilized the public primary care services. METHODS POP-Brazil is a cross-sectional, multicentric, nationwide survey conducted between September 2016 and November 2017. Recruitment was based in 119 public primary care practices in 26 state capitals and the Federal District of Brazil. Trained health professionals conducted face-to-face interviews. Oral samples were collected with mouthwash and gargle cycles. Genotyping was performed using the Roche PCR-based linear array genotyping test. Sampling weights by sex and age were applied. RESULTS Valid oral HPV samples were collected from 5071 (96.88%) participants; 4005 women and 1066 men. Mean participant age was 21.63 years. Overall HPV prevalence was 1.69% (n = 73, 95% CI 1.05-2.32). Thirty individuals presented at least one high-risk HPV type [0.57% (95% CI, 0.29-0.85)]. There were no associations between age, sex, sociodemographic characteristics, drug use or sexual behavior and oral HPV prevalence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of oral HPV infection in Brazilian teenagers and young adults is low, with no sociodemographic or behavioral correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Flávia Moreno
- Department of Chronic Conditions and Sexually Transmitted Infections, Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Luísa Lina Villa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Márcia Wendland
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Community Health, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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27
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Adeniyi A, Donnelly L, Janssen P, Jevitt C, Kardeh B, von Bergmann H, Brondani M. Pregnant women's perspectives on integrating preventive oral health in prenatal care. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:271. [PMID: 33794806 PMCID: PMC8016156 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral diseases are considered a silent epidemic including among pregnant women. Given the prevalence of oral conditions among pregnant women and the reported association with adverse pregnancy outcomes, there have been suggestions for the inclusion of preventive oral care in routine prenatal care. However, due to the different administrative and funding structure for oral health and prenatal care in Canada, progress towards this integration has been slow. Our study sought to qualitatively explore the views of pregnant women in British Columbia (BC) on the strategies for integrating preventive oral health care into prenatal care services. METHODS A qualitative approach was utilized involving semi-structured interviews with fourteen (14) purposefully selected pregnant women in Vancouver and Surrey, BC. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The transcripts were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Study validity was ensured via memoing, field-notes, and member checking. RESULTS Interviews ranged from 28 to 65 min producing over 140 pages of transcripts. Analysis resulted in three major themes: oral health experiences during pregnancy, perspectives on integration and integrated prenatal oral care, and strategies for addressing prenatal oral health care. A majority of participants were supportive of integrating preventive oral care in routine prenatal services, with referrals identified as a critical strategy. Oral health education was recognized as important before, during, and after pregnancy; oral health assessments should therefore be included in the prenatal care checklist. Limited funding was acknowledged as a barrier to oral health care access, which may explain why few participants visited their dentists during pregnancy. Interprofessional education surfaced as a bridge to provide prenatal oral health education. CONCLUSION Pregnant women interviewed in this study support the inclusion of educational and preventive oral care during prenatal care, although their views differed on how such inclusion can be achieved in BC. They advocated the establishment of a referral system as an acceptable strategy for providing integrated prenatal oral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adeniyi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - L Donnelly
- Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Janssen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C Jevitt
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - B Kardeh
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - H von Bergmann
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Brondani
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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28
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Capocasale G, Nocini R, Faccioni P, Donadello D, Bertossi D, Albanese M, Zotti F. How to deal with coronavirus disease 2019: A comprehensive narrative review about oral involvement of the disease. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:101-108. [PMID: 33021087 PMCID: PMC7675550 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this narrative review was to collect all findings from literature about oral signs and symptoms of COVID-19, in order to draw a picture of oral involvement of this challenging viral infection, to help oral professionals in a better triage and early diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The search for international literature was made including articles written in English and reporting about oral manifestations in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19. The publication time was limited to 2019 and 2020, up to May 20, 2020. A narrative review was performed. RESULTS Twenty-three articles were included in this review. Three different oral manifestations were found: taste alteration, oral blister and ulcers, and oral lesions associated with Kawasaki-like diseases (erythema, bleeding of lips, "strawberry tongue"). The higher expression of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the oral cavity and in endothelial cells might be responsible for oral manifestation and the major report of signs and symptoms in the occidental countries. CONCLUSIONS Detecting oral signs and symptoms of COVID-19 could be useful to perform a better preliminary triage in dental setting, and in recognizing possible early manifestations of the disease. However, considering the outbreak of COVID-19 and the consequent difficulty of undergoing oral examinations, the oral manifestations might be misdiagnosed; then, we would encourage oral professionals to perform other studies about this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Capocasale
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Riccardo Nocini
- Section of Ears, Nose and Throat (ENT), Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and PediatricsUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Paolo Faccioni
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Dario Donadello
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Dario Bertossi
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Massimo Albanese
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Francesca Zotti
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and GynaecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
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Chiang TE, Lin YC, Wu CT, Yang CY, Wu ST, Chen YW. Comparison of the accuracy of diagnoses of oral potentially malignant disorders with dysplasia by a general dental clinician and a specialist using the Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244740. [PMID: 33428642 PMCID: PMC7799778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) with dysplasia in high-risk groups is suggested in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of diagnoses of OPMDs with dysplasia made by a primary examiner (general dental clinician) and a specialist (oral and maxillofacial surgeon) using the current Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program (TNOMSP). A total of 134 high-risk participants were enrolled for oral mucosal screening via the TNOMSP. A primary examiner and a specialist examined each participant. Mucosal biopsies were obtained and subjected to histopathological analysis. The OPMD most frequently diagnosed by the primary examiner was thin homogeneous leukoplakia (48/134; 35.8%), and in 39/134 participants (29.1%) the diagnosis was uncertain, but abnormalities were suggested. The OPMDs most frequently diagnosed by the specialist were erythroleukoplakia (23/134; 17.2%) and thin homogeneous leukoplakia (21/134; 15.7%), and 51/134 participants (38.1%) were diagnosed with other diseases. Via histopathology, 70/134 participants (52.3%) were diagnosed with dysplasia, and 58/134 (43.3%) were diagnosed with benign conditions. The specialist's diagnoses exhibited a higher specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than the primary examiners. A specialist using the current TNOMSP for high-risk participants diagnosed OPMDs with dysplasia more accurately than a primary examiner. Early diagnosis of high-risk OPMDs is crucial in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. Proficient examination via the current TNOMSP by trained clinician is effective for the management of OPMDs with dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-En Chiang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Tsung Wu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Yu Yang
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Tang Wu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Planning, Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of National Defense, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Wu Chen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- * E-mail:
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Iwasaki M, Motokawa K, Watanabe Y, Shirobe M, Inagaki H, Edahiro A, Ohara Y, Hirano H, Shinkai S, Awata S. A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 18:ijerph18010213. [PMID: 33396639 PMCID: PMC7796237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced oral health assessment was performed at baseline, and oral frailty was defined as having ≥3 of the following six components: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low tongue pressure, and difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Nutritional status assessment was performed at baseline and two-year follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment®-Short Form (MNA®-SF). Deteriorating nutritional status was defined as a decline in the nutritional status categories based on the MNA®-SF score during the study period. The association between oral frailty and deteriorating nutritional status was assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results: Oral frailty was observed in 67 (14.4%) participants at baseline. During the study, 58 (12.4%) participants exhibited deteriorating nutritional status. After adjusting for potential confounders, oral frailty was significantly associated with deteriorating nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–4.63). Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty had an increased risk of deteriorating nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-33-964-3241 (ext. 4215); Fax: +81-33-964-2316
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- School of Nutritional Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
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Rampi A, Lanzillotta M, Mancuso G, Vinciguerra A, Dagna L. IgG4-Related Disease of the Oral Cavity. Case Series from a Large Single-Center Cohort of Italian Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17218179. [PMID: 33167472 PMCID: PMC7663930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of destructive and tumefactive lesions of the oral cavity are increasingly recognized as part of the IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) spectrum. We herein examined the clinical, serological, radiological, and histological features of a series of patients referred to our clinic because of oral cavity lesions ultimately attributed to IgG4-RD. In particular, we studied 6 consecutive patients out of 200 patients referred to the immunology outpatient unit who presented with erosive and/or tumefactive lesions of the oral cavity. All patients underwent serum IgG4 measurement, nasal endoscopy, radiological studies, and histological evaluation of tissue specimens. The histological studies included immunostaining studies to assess the number of IgG4+ plasma cells/High-Power Field (HPF) for calculation of the IgG4+/IgG+ plasma cell ratio. Six patients (3% of the entire cohort) were diagnosed with IgG4-RD of the oral cavity based on histological evaluation. A major complaint at presentation was oral discomfort due to bulging mass. A mild to no increase in serum IgG4 was observed. Different patterns of organ involvement were associated with oral lesions. Five patients were treated with immunosuppressive therapy and two patients promptly responded to B-cell depletion with rituximab. Watchful waiting was decided in one patient with no major clinical symptoms. Involvement of the oral cavity is an infrequent manifestation of IgG4-RD but should be taken into consideration as a possible differential diagnosis of tumefactive or erosive lesions once neoplastic conditions are excluded. A histological examination of biopsy samples from the oral cavity represents the mainstay for diagnosis of IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rampi
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Division of Head and Neck Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (A.V.)
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (L.D.)
| | - Marco Lanzillotta
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (L.D.)
- Division of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Disease (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Gaia Mancuso
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (L.D.)
- Division of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Disease (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vinciguerra
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Division of Head and Neck Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (A.V.)
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (L.D.)
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (L.D.)
- Division of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Disease (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Oral health has a symbiotic relationship with general health, with oral disease recognised to have an adverse effect on the overall systemic health of a patient. Deterioration in oral health has been shown to have an impact on the severity of chronic systemic diseases, nutrition, hydration and psychological and social wellbeing. Part 1 of this mini-series explored the common oral conditions that community patients may present with, and the role of the nursing team in aiding the prevention, diagnosis and management of these conditions. Following on from that, this article discusses the links between oral and general health, and preservation of a patient's quality of life. This article also aims to support nurses' knowledge on how to assess the oral health needs of patients, support oral care provision, how to access acute and elective dental services and signpost to additional supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Martin
- Speciality Registrar in Oral Surgery, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Laura Johnston
- Speciality Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Natalie Archer
- Academic Dental Core Trainee, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
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Morote S, Nacher M, Blaizot R, Ntab B, Blanchet D, Drak Alsibai K, Demar M, Djossou F, Couppié P, Adenis A. Temporal trends of cutaneo-mucous histoplasmosis in persons living with HIV in French Guiana: Early diagnosis defuses South American strain dermotropism. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008663. [PMID: 33075084 PMCID: PMC7595617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Histoplasmosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection and the first cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients in French Guiana and presumably in much of Latin America. Mucocutaneous lesions of histoplasmosis are considered as rare and late manifestations of the disease. It has been debated whether the greater proportion of cutaneo-mucous presentations in South America relative to the USA was the reflection of Histoplasma strains with increased dermotropism or simply delayed diagnosis and advanced immunosuppression. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, frequency, prognosis and temporal trends of cutaneomucous histoplasmosis in French Guiana. A retrospective study of patients with AIDS-related disseminated histoplasmosis followed in the three hospitals of French Guiana was performed between 1981 and 2014. Incident cases of histoplasmosis, proved by pathology and/or mycological examinations, were studied. Mucocutaneous histoplasmosis was confirmed by a positive cutaneous or mucosal biopsy. Mucocutaneous lesions were polymorphic. Ninety percent of patients were profoundly immunocompromised patients (CD4<50/mm3) and over 80% were not on antiretroviral treatment. The frequency of mucocutaneous forms and case fatality of disseminated histoplasmosis within one month of antifungal treatment significantly decreased over time (p<0,001). In this South American territory, diagnostic and therapeutic improvements have led to the quasi disappearance of cutaneous manifestations. There may be South American dermotropism in the laboratory but at the bedside early diagnosis seems to be the main parameter explaining the proportion of cutaneomucous presentations in South America relative to the USA. Histoplasmosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection and the first cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients in French Guiana and presumably in much of Latin America. Mucocutaneous lesions of histoplasmosis are considered as rare and late manifestations of the disease. It has been debated whether the greater proportion of cutaneo-mucous presentations in South America relative to the USA was the reflection of Histoplasma strains with increased dermotropism or simply delayed diagnosis and advanced immunosuppression. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, frequency, prognosis and temporal trends of cutaneomucous histoplasmosis in French Guiana. A retrospective study of patients with AIDS-related disseminated histoplasmosis followed in the three hospitals of French Guiana was performed between 1981 and 2014. Incident cases of histoplasmosis, proved by pathology and/or mycological examinations, were studied. Mucocutaneous histoplasmosis was confirmed by a positive cutaneous or mucosal biopsy. Ninety percent of patients were profoundly immunocompromised patients (CD4<50/mm3) and over 80% were not on antiretroviral treatment. The frequency of mucocutaneous forms and case fatality of disseminated histoplasmosis within one month of antifungal treatment significantly decreased over time. Hence, in this South American territory, diagnostic and therapeutic improvements have led to the quasi-disappearance of cutaneous manifestations. There may be South American dermotropism in the laboratory but at the bedside early diagnosis seems to be the main parameter explaining the proportion of cutaneomucous presentations in South America relative to the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Morote
- Service de Dermatologie-vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- COREVIH Guyane, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- * E-mail:
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Service de Dermatologie-vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- COREVIH Guyane, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Balthazar Ntab
- Département d’Information Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de l’Ouest Guyanais, Saint Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana
| | - Denis Blanchet
- UMR TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Kinan Drak Alsibai
- Service d’Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Magalie Demar
- DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR TBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Félix Djossou
- DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Pierre Couppié
- Service de Dermatologie-vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Antoine Adenis
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
- COREVIH Guyane, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) supresses immune system, primarily cell-mediated immunity. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell count, viral load, and oral lesions are the most important laboratory parameters to evaluate the evolution of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The present study aims to determine the incidence of HIV-related oral lesions with CD4 cell count and viral load in Yunnan, China.A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2007 to December 2009, in 1812 HIV positive patients from Department of Infectious Diseases in Kunming Third People's Hospital. CD4, CD8, and viral load data were collected and analyzed statistically using SPSS 11.3.Out of 1812 HIV positive patients, 929 (51.27%) were associated with 1 or more oral lesions. The most common oral lesions observed were Candida Pseudomembranous (13.75%), Candida erythematous (10.93%), Oral hairy leukoplakia (7.95%), Aphthous ulcer (6.18%), Herpes simplex infection (5.58%). In most patients with oral lesions, the CD4 cell count was < 200/μL. The incidence of oral lesions was lower when CD4 count was > 200/μL and with undetectable (P < .01) HIV viral load. Almost no oral lesions was observed when CD4 count > 500/μL (P < .01). With highly active antiretroviral therapy, reduction in HIV-related oral lesions was observed especially in Candida erythematous, Candida Pseudomembranous, Oral hairy leukoplakia, and Aphthous ulcer.The higher incidence of oral lesions with lower CD4 count (<200/μL) in HIV-infected patients indicated importance of CD4 cell count in identifying disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shu
- Department of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University Yan An Hospital and Yan An Hospital of Kunming City
| | - Chengwen Li
- Department of Research Management, The third affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University
| | - Fei Du
- Department of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University Yan An Hospital and Yan An Hospital of Kunming City
| | - Jinsong Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kunming Third People's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Kaiwen Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University Yan An Hospital and Yan An Hospital of Kunming City
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Bettampadi D, Villa LL, Ponce EL, Salmeron J, Sirak BA, Abrahamsen M, Rathwell JA, Reich RR, Giuliano AR. Oral human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution by country (Brazil, Mexico and the United States) and age among HPV infection in men study participants. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:3026-3033. [PMID: 31583681 PMCID: PMC7117984 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) attributable oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) has been increasing globally, especially among men in high-income countries. There is a lack of studies comparing oral HPV prevalence by age and country among healthy men. The purpose of our study was to assess oral HPV prevalence by country and age. Participants of the HPV Infection in Men Study (HIM), a cohort of 3,098 healthy men from São Paulo, Brazil, Cuernavaca, Mexico and Tampa, USA, were studied. Oral HPV prevalence and type distribution were assessed using the SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 system. The prevalence of any HPV in Brazil, Mexico and the US was 8.7% (95% CI: 7.1%, 10.4%), 10.0% (95% CI: 8.3%, 12.1%) and 7.6% (95% CI: 5.9%, 9.5%), respectively, while the prevalence of high-risk HPV was 5.3% (95% CI: 4.1%, 6.7%), 7.3% (95% CI: 5.7%, 9.0%) and 5.4% (95% CI: 4.0%, 7.0%), respectively. No significant differences in prevalence of grouped HPV types were observed by country despite significant differences in sexual behaviors. However, the age-specific prevalence of oral HPV differed by country. Brazilian (6.0% [95% CI: 3.4%, 9.7%]) and Mexican (9.2% [95% CI: 5.6%, 14.0%]) participants had peak high-risk HPV prevalence among men aged 41-50 years whereas the US participants had peak prevalence at ages 31-40 years (11.0% [95% CI: 6.4%, 17.3%]). In conclusion, oral HPV prevalence was low with no difference in overall prevalence observed by country. Factors associated with the differences in oral HPV age-patterning by country and sexual orientation require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Bettampadi
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Luisa L. Villa
- School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L. Ponce
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmeron
- Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bradley A. Sirak
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Martha Abrahamsen
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Julie A. Rathwell
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Anna R. Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer (CIIRC), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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Zhou N, Zhang X, Yan JQ, Yu YQ, Cai Y. Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Diseases in Older Adults in Mainland China: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E1887. [PMID: 32183318 PMCID: PMC7142623 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucosal disease (OMD) is a public health challenge globally, but the epidemiological findings in older adults have been inconsistent in China. Thus, this meta-analysis was carried out to explore the prevalence of OMD and its moderating factors in this population. An electronic literature search was conducted of both international (PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE) and Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang) databases from inception to November 1, 2019. The Der-Simonian and Laird random effects model was used to synthesize the prevalence of OMD and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Twenty-four studies covering 23,653 older adults were included. The pooled prevalence of OMD was 23% (95% confidence interval: 17.9%-29.0%) Subgroup analyses and meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of OMD was significantly associated with the reporting sampling, year of publication, and survey (all p values <0.05). This meta-analysis found that the prevalence of OMD among older adults in mainland China was significantly high. Early detection and effective intervention of OMD in older adults have public health and clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jia-Qing Yan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ya-Qin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Bernabe E, Marcenes W, Hernandez C, Bailey J, Abreu L, Alipour V, Amini S, Arabloo J, Arefi Z, Arora A, Ayanore M, Bärnighausen T, Bijani A, Cho D, Chu D, Crowe C, Demoz G, Demsie D, Dibaji Forooshani Z, Du M, El Tantawi M, Fischer F, Folayan M, Futran N, Geramo Y, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hariyani N, Hasanzadeh A, Hassanipour S, Hay S, Hole M, Hostiuc S, Ilic M, James S, Kalhor R, Kemmer L, Keramati M, Khader Y, Kisa S, Kisa A, Koyanagi A, Lalloo R, Le Nguyen Q, London S, Manohar N, Massenburg B, Mathur M, Meles H, Mestrovic T, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mokdad A, Morrison S, Nazari J, Nguyen T, Nguyen C, Nixon M, Olagunju T, Pakshir K, Pathak M, Rabiee N, Rafiei A, Ramezanzadeh K, Rios-Blancas M, Roro E, Sabour S, Samy A, Sawhney M, Schwendicke F, Shaahmadi F, Shaikh M, Stein C, Tovani-Palone M, Tran B, Unnikrishnan B, Vu G, Vukovic A, Warouw T, Zaidi Z, Zhang Z, Kassebaum N. Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study. J Dent Res 2020; 99:362-373. [PMID: 32122215 PMCID: PMC7088322 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520908533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 540] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Government and nongovernmental organizations need national and global estimates on the descriptive epidemiology of common oral conditions for policy planning and evaluation. The aim of this component of the Global Burden of Disease study was to produce estimates on prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability for oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 by sex, age, and countries. In addition, this study reports the global socioeconomic pattern in burden of oral conditions by the standard World Bank classification of economies as well as the Global Burden of Disease Socio-demographic Index. The findings show that oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge. Globally, there were 3.5 billion cases (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 3.2 to 3.7 billion) of oral conditions, of which 2.3 billion (95% UI, 2.1 to 2.5 billion) had untreated caries in permanent teeth, 796 million (95% UI, 671 to 930 million) had severe periodontitis, 532 million (95% UI, 443 to 622 million) had untreated caries in deciduous teeth, 267 million (95% UI, 235 to 300 million) had total tooth loss, and 139 million (95% UI, 133 to 146 million) had other oral conditions in 2017. Several patterns emerged when the World Bank’s classification of economies and the Socio-demographic Index were used as indicators of economic development. In general, more economically developed countries have the lowest burden of untreated dental caries and severe periodontitis and the highest burden of total tooth loss. The findings offer an opportunity for policy makers to identify successful oral health strategies and strengthen them; introduce and monitor different approaches where oral diseases are increasing; plan integration of oral health in the agenda for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; and estimate the cost of providing universal coverage for dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Bernabe
- E. Bernabe, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK.
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Pontes CC, Chikte U, Kimmie-Dhansay F, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Matsha TE. Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Relation to Serum Cotinine Levels-Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E1065. [PMID: 32046216 PMCID: PMC7037025 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucosal lesions (OML) can decrease oral health-related quality of life and some have the potential to become malignant. The aim of the present study was to report the prevalence of OML in relation to age, sex, and serum cotinine levels in a population with mixed ancestry from South Africa. This study is part of the Cape Town Vascular and Metabolic Health (VHM) study, conducted between 2014-2016. Trained dental examiners assessed the oral mucosa for the presence of OML according to WHO criteria. In total, 1976 individuals were included in the study, being 1496 females (75.7%) and 480 males (24.3%) with average age of 49.5 years (SD = 15.3). In total, 262 lesions were detected in 252 participants (overall prevalence of 13%). Males had higher prevalence than females (14% vs. 9%, p = 0.008). Participants aged 25-34 had the highest prevalence rates (21%). Participants who had cotinine ≥15 ng/mL had higher prevalence of OML as compared to those with <15 ng/mL (15% vs. 5%, p < 0.001). Most common lesions were nicotine stomatitis (33%) and leukoplakia (19%). Age, male sex, and higher cotinine levels were associated with increased prevalence of OML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Usuf Chikte
- Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Rajiv T. Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Andre P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Tandi E. Matsha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
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Bohm N, Karlsson C, Skoogh Andersson J, Almståhl A. Variations in odontological care routines for patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer in county councils/regions of Sweden. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:3-15. [PMID: 32067404 PMCID: PMC7025979 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate current odontological care routines for patients treated for head and neck cancers in the county councils/regions (C/Rs) of Sweden. METHODS An invitation to fill in a web-based questionnaire was sent to dentists/dental hygienists working in dental clinics in the 12 C/Rs, treating and responsible for the odontological care of patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the head and neck. The questionnaire started with two mandatory and one non-mandatory questions, followed by questions regarding routines before (n = 28), during (n = 23), and after (n = 9) treatment, plus two additional questions, totalling 65 questions. RESULTS Four dental hygienists and six dentists in 10 of the 12 C/Rs answered the questionnaire. Three C/Rs stated that they measure both the unstimulated and stimulated salivary secretion rate, and another C/R stated that they measure the stimulated secretion rate only. Similar recommendations were given regarding oral hygiene, salivary stimulants and substitutes, and extra fluoride. However, great variations were seen regarding recommendations for preventing and relieving oral mucositis. There were also discrepancies regarding information about the importance of avoiding smoking and alcohol. In seven C/Rs, patients visited the dental hygienist once a week during cancer treatment. CONCLUSION The results suggests that there are great variations in odontological care given to patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the head and neck region in different county councils/regions in Sweden. There is a need to develop and implement evidence-based guidelines to decrease the risk of oral complications and increase both the quality of life and the quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Bohm
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Charlott Karlsson
- Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Orofacial Medicine, Institute of OdontologyJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
| | - Jessica Skoogh Andersson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Annica Almståhl
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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Crews JE, Chou CF, Naavaal S, Griffin SO, Saaddine JB. Self-Reported Oral Health Status Among Adults Aged 40+ Years With and Without Vision Impairment: National Health Interview Study, 2008. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 210:184-191. [PMID: 31604065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine self-reported oral health among adults aged 40 years and older with and without vision impairment. DESIGN Cross-sectional, with a nationally representative sample. METHODS We used publicly available data from the Oral Health Module, last administered in 2008, of the National Health Interview Survey. Outcome variables included fair/poor oral health status, mouth condition compared to others the same age, mouth problems (mouth sores, difficulty eating, dry mouth, bad breath, and/or jaw pain), teeth problems (toothache; broken/missing fillings or teeth; loose, crooked, or stained teeth; and/or bleeding gums), and lack of social participation. Using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression, we examined the association (P < .05) between vision impairment and oral health outcomes by age group, sociodemographics, and other explanatory variables. RESULTS Our study sample included 12,090 adults; 12.8% of adults aged 40-64 years reported vision impairment, and among them, 44.5% reported fair/poor oral health status and 47.2% reported any mouth problems. Among adults aged ≥65 years, 17.3% reported vision impairment, of whom 36.3% reported fair/poor oral health status and 57.3% reported any mouth problems. There is a strong association between vision impairment and poorer oral health of adults; adults aged 40-64 years with vision impairment reported 90%-150% greater odds of oral health problems, including fair/poor oral health status, mouth problems, and teeth problems, compared to people without vision impairment. CONCLUSIONS Oral health disparities exist between adults with and without vision impairment. Targeted interventions are required to improve oral health in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiu-Fang Chou
- National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, Bureau of Health Workforce, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Shillpa Naavaal
- Department of Dental Public Health and Policy, School of Dentistry, and Oral Health in Childhood and Adolescence, Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry, and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Susan O Griffin
- Divisions of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jinan B Saaddine
- Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Asim S, Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi SM, Naz S. Oral health: Why bother? J PAK MED ASSOC 2020; 70:194-195. [PMID: 31954055 DOI: 10.5455/jpma.34415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Asim
- Department of Community Dentistry, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Shikoh Naz
- Department of Community Dentistry, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
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Sorokina AA, Salakhov AK, Losev FF, Bogomolov BP, Kravchenko IE. [Oral health as a factor of primary prevention of postinfectious complications]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2020; 99:19-23. [PMID: 33267538 DOI: 10.17116/stomat20209906119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need and importance of early diagnosis and treatment of oral lesions in infectious diseases (ID) by dentists. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of the provision of dental care in multi-specialty hospitals to 780 patients with infectious pathology: herpetic infections (HI) - 320 people (41.03%); ARVI - 160 people (20.51%); acute enteric infections (AEI) - 300 people (38.46%). The diagnosis of the disease was established by infectious diseases doctors. The etiology of ID was confirmed using PCR and IFA. RESULTS The prevalence of caries is 98.5%, the CPEs index is 10.26±0.04. In 84.1% of patient's oral hygiene was unsatisfactory. In the acute period of ID in HI, ARVI and AEI oral mucosa (OM) lesions were detected in 75.89% of cases: stomatitis (81.75%), gingivitis (69.76%), glossitis (35.98%), cheilitis (23.31%). Incidence of OM lesions in ID: catarrhal stomatitis - HI - 52.8%, ARVI - 64.1%, AEI - 67.9%; catarrhal gingivitis: in patients with HI, it is 1.7 times less frequent than in patients with AEI (p<0.001), and in ARVI - 1.6 times more often than in patients with HI (p<0.001). Cheilitis: HI - 25.9%, ARVI - 18.3%, AEI - 23.7%; catarrhal glossitis: AEI - 65.1%, ARVI - 23.2%, HI - 17.0%; candidiasis of the oral mucosal and tongue: HI - 11.1%, ARVI - 27.5%, AEI - 26.9%. A direct relationship between the lesions of OM and the severity of the course of HI, ARVI and AEI was established. CONCLUSION Thus, dental pathology in infectious patients is pathogenetically determined by combined and interrelated disorders of the functional state of each organ of the oral cavity, the dental system and the body as a whole. Due to the relatively short duration of inpatient treatment for acute ID, priority should be given to the prevention of postinfectious complications of oral mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Sorokina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Salakhov
- Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia
| | - F F Losev
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute («MONIKI») by M. F. Vladimirsky, Moscow, Russia
| | - B P Bogomolov
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute («MONIKI») by M. F. Vladimirsky, Moscow, Russia
| | - I E Kravchenko
- Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia
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Alzahrani AAH, Alhassan EM, Albanghali MA. Association between oral diseases and impact on daily performance among male Saudi schoolchildren. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:655-664. [PMID: 31890302 PMCID: PMC6934334 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Little is known about exploring the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of school children in Saudi Arabia. The importance of examining this topic has centred on its ability to measure associations between the oral symptoms, impacts and clinical measures. This study aims to explore associations between the (OHRQoL) based on the children's Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (Child-OIDP) index and oral diseases of Saudi school children living in Albaha region. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2017 to January 2018 using two-stage randomised sampling technique. The oral diseases and impacts were examined using the World Health Organization's (1997) guidelines and the Child-OIDP index, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS software version 20.0. Chi-squared, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression tests were used, as appropriate. Results In total 349 Saudi male school children, 12 to 15 years old, were recruited. The Child-OIDPrate was significantly high (75.1%). The participants reported minor, moderate and major (severe) oral impacts (29.4%, 50%, and 20.6% respectively). The overall mean of the Child-OIDP score was 2.15±1.40. Conclusions The high overall Child-OIDP score was in accordance with the participants' dental status. Further research should focus on improving knowledge and implementing education programmes to advance the community's oral diseases and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ali H Alzahrani
- Dental Health Department, Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAlbaha UniversityAlbahaSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Aref Albanghali
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAlbaha UniversityAlbahaSaudi Arabia
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Jordão HWT, McKenna G, McMenamin ÚC, Kunzmann AT, Murray LJ, Coleman HG. The association between self-reported poor oral health and gastrointestinal cancer risk in the UK Biobank: A large prospective cohort study. United European Gastroenterol J 2019; 7:1241-1249. [PMID: 31700637 PMCID: PMC6826526 DOI: 10.1177/2050640619858043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Controversy remains as to whether poor oral health is independently associated with gastrointestinal cancers, due to potential confounding by smoking, alcohol and poor nutrition. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between oral health conditions and gastrointestinal cancer risk. Methods Data from the large, prospective UK Biobank cohort, which includes n = 475,766 participants, were analysed. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate the relationship between gastrointestinal cancer risk and self-reported poor oral health (defined as painful gums, bleeding gums and/or having loose teeth), adjusting for confounders. Results During an average six years of follow-up, n = 4069 gastrointestinal cancer cases were detected, of which 13% self-reported poor oral health. Overall, there was no association between self-reported poor oral health and risk of gastrointestinal cancer detected (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.07). In site-specific analysis, an increased risk of hepatobiliary cancers was observed in those with self-reported poor oral health (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 0.95-1.80), which was stronger for hepatocellular carcinoma (hazard ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.92). Conclusion Overall there was no association between self-reported poor oral health and gastrointestinal cancer risk. However, there was a suggestion of an increased risk of hepatobiliary cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydée WT Jordão
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gerry McKenna
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Úna C McMenamin
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew T Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Liam J Murray
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Malele Kolisa Y, Yengopal V, Shumba K, Igumbor J. The burden of oral conditions among adolescents living with HIV at a clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222568. [PMID: 31618211 PMCID: PMC6795420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are inconsistent reports on the prevalence of oral conditions and their associated factors among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV). The current inconsistencies may hinder the development of clear guidelines on the prevention and treatment of oral conditions among ALHIV. This study provides an update on oral conditions and their associated factors in a cohort of South African ALHIV and receiving routine HIV treatment services at a Johannesburg HIV wellness clinic. Methods Decayed Teeth (DT), Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Oral HIV/AIDS Research Alliance case definitions were used for caries examination and reporting of the Oral Mucosal Lesions (OML) respectively. Data analyses were stratified by the study main outcomes; chi-squared tests were performed to determine the associations; and multiple logistic regressions were also used to identify associated factors after adjusting for other exposure variables. In addition to fitting logistic regressions, we explored the data for potential confounders and effect modifiers. Results A total of 407 ALHIV were assessed, of which 51.0% were females. The mean age of the ALHIV was 14.75 years (SD 2.43) while the median age of their parents was 43 years (IQR 37–48 years). Regardless of sex, age group and other socio-demographic characteristics, participants had high count of dental caries (DMFT>0). The overall prevalence of dental caries was 56.76% (n = 231) with mean DT score of 2.0 (SD 2.48) and mean DMFT score of 2.65 (SD 3.01). Dental caries prevalence (DT>0) was significantly associated with the HIV clinical markers. HIV RNA viral loads more than 1000 copies/ml and CD4 cell counts less than 200 count cells/mm3, increased the likelihood of having dental decay among ALHIV (p<0.05). ALHIV at WHO staging III, IV had higher caries prevalence ranging from 70% to 75% (p<0.05). The prevalence of dental caries was directly related to the presence of oral mucosal lesions (p<0.05). The prevalence of OML was 22%, with linear gingival erythema (13.8%) accounting for most of the OML. Multiple logistic regression modelling suggested that dental caries experience (DMFT>0), age category 13–15 years, WHO staging of IV and viral load of more than 1000 copies/ml significantly predicted the outcome of oral lesions as assessed using the OHARA case definitions (p<0.05). The odds of developing dental caries was also 1.5 times more among ALHIV who brush their teeth less frequently and those who reported more frequent eating of sugar sweetened diets (p<0.05). Conclusions There is high prevalence of dental caries and OML among ALHIV in Johannesburg. The reported prevalence was associated with high HIV RNA viral loads, shorter duration on antiretroviral treatment and high WHO staging of HIV disease on crude analysis. Additionally, caries experience contributed to the prevalence of OML. Our study acknowledges the protective effect of HIV treatment and positive oral health practices on the presence of oral conditions among ALHIV in Johannesburg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Malele Kolisa
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Community Dentistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Veerasamy Yengopal
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Community Dentistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Khumbo Shumba
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jude Igumbor
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Childs-Sanford S, Lejeune M, Abdu A, Buckles E, Renshaw R, Ford D, Bunting E. Oral Capillariosis Due to Eucoleus dispar in Migrating Sharp-shinned Hawks ( Accipiter striatus) in New York, USA, 2016-18. J Wildl Dis 2019; 55:928-934. [PMID: 31009308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oral lesions focused around the oral commissures were documented in several Sharp-shinned Hawks (Accipiter striatus) in the 2016-18 spring migration season at a banding station located on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, New York, US. Samples of the inflamed and caseous lesions repeatedly tested negative for Trichomonas gallinae and poxvirus; however, large numbers of capillariid eggs and embedded worms were consistently present. Morphologically, the nematodes were identified as Eucoleus dispar, which was confirmed by PCR and genetic sequencing. The affected hawks displayed no other clinical signs of illness, were in good body condition, and were released back into their migration pathway shortly after examination and testing. We report a unique clinical presentation for oral capillariosis in A. striatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Childs-Sanford
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Manigandan Lejeune
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Amira Abdu
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Department of Parasitology, Assiut University, 71515 Libraries Street, Assiut, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Elizabeth Buckles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Randall Renshaw
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Daena Ford
- Braddock Bay Raptor Research, 185 Pond Road, Honeoye Falls, New York 14472, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bunting
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 240 Farrier Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the oral health conditions and oral health behaviour of high-cost patients and evaluate oral health measures as predictors of future high-cost patients. DESIGN A retrospective, population-based cohort study using administrative healthcare records. SETTING The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) medical check-up database (a.k.a. NHIS-national health screening cohort database) in South Korea. PARTICIPANTS 131 549 individuals who received biennial health check-ups including dental check-ups in 2011 or 2012, aged 49-88. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Current and subsequent year high-cost patient status. RESULTS High-cost patients, on average, incur higher dental costs, suffer more from periodontal disease, brush their teeth less and use secondary oral hygiene products less. Some of the self-reported oral health behaviours and oral symptom variables show statistically significant associations with subsequent year high-cost patient indicators, even after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, medical conditions, and prior healthcare cost and utilisation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that oral health measures are associated with an increased risk of becoming a high-cost patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonkook Joseph Kim
- College of Business, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Chaturvedi AK, Graubard BI, Broutian T, Xiao W, Pickard RKL, Kahle L, Gillison ML. Prevalence of Oral HPV Infection in Unvaccinated Men and Women in the United States, 2009-2016. JAMA 2019; 322:977-979. [PMID: 31503300 PMCID: PMC6737522 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.10508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
To estimate changes in oral human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence attributable to vaccination vs herd immunity, this national survey study uses National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to compare oral HPV prevalence for 4 types targeted by HPV vaccine and 33 nonvaccine types in unvaccinated US adults aged 18 to 59 years from 2009 to 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K. Chaturvedi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Barry I. Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Kahle
- Information Management Services Inc, Calverton, Maryland
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Adeyemi BF, Esan OB, Akinyamoju AO. A Study of 31 Patients with Primary Complaint of Halitosis in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2019; 36:205-210. [PMID: 31622481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halitosis is a common cause of dental consulta-tion. Patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis consist of dissatisfied people with genuine and pseudo-halitosis. OBJECTIVES To assess the demographic and clinico-pathologic features of patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis as well as evaluate the treatment outcome. METHODS Consenting patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis from 1st of March to 31st August, 2015 were recruited. All had intraoral examination, were screened for psychiatric morbidity and halitosis using the organoleptic method. Data concerning the complaint of halitosis was retrieved from all through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. All the patients were educated on the aetiology of halitosis, those with oral disease were treated and all had scaling and polishing, oral hygiene instruction/motivation in addition to hydrogen peroxide mouth rinse for two weeks. Patients' opinions were sought concerning the presence/intensity of halitosis at two weeks and six months post treatment. RESULTS Thirty-one patients with a mean age of 38.48 years and male:female ratio of 1.3 were recruited. Intraoral pathology was observed in 48.4% of patients. None of the patients smoked cigarette or pipe. Twenty patients (64.5%) had been informed of the foulness of their breath by at least one person in the past; the information generated negative feelings in 19 of them. Six patients had psychiatric morbidity which was significantly associated with female gender and presence of body odour. At two weeks post treatment, 54.8% of patients were free of halitosis, while at six months only 25.8% were free. CONCLUSION The patients who complained of halitosis were non-smokers with a mean age of 38.48±14.0 years. Intraoral pathologies were found in fifteen (15) patients, while six (6) had psychiatry morbidity. About half of the patients and about a quarter were free of halitosis following scaling and polishing and two weeks' hydrogen peroxide mouth rinse at 2 weeks and 6 months' reviews, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Adeyemi
- Department of Oral Pathology,Faculty of Dentistry,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Nigeria
| | - O B Esan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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50
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Peres MA, Macpherson LMD, Weyant RJ, Daly B, Venturelli R, Mathur MR, Listl S, Celeste RK, Guarnizo-Herreño CC, Kearns C, Benzian H, Allison P, Watt RG. Oral diseases: a global public health challenge. Lancet 2019; 394:249-260. [PMID: 31327369 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1326] [Impact Index Per Article: 265.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases globally and have serious health and economic burdens, greatly reducing quality of life for those affected. The most prevalent and consequential oral diseases globally are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancers of the lips and oral cavity. In this first of two papers in a Series on oral health, we describe the scope of the global oral disease epidemic, its origins in terms of social and commercial determinants, and its costs in terms of population wellbeing and societal impact. Although oral diseases are largely preventable, they persist with high prevalence, reflecting widespread social and economic inequalities and inadequate funding for prevention and treatment, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). As with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), oral conditions are chronic and strongly socially patterned. Children living in poverty, socially marginalised groups, and older people are the most affected by oral diseases, and have poor access to dental care. In many LMICs, oral diseases remain largely untreated because the treatment costs exceed available resources. The personal consequences of chronic untreated oral diseases are often severe and can include unremitting pain, sepsis, reduced quality of life, lost school days, disruption to family life, and decreased work productivity. The costs of treating oral diseases impose large economic burdens to families and health-care systems. Oral diseases are undoubtedly a global public health problem, with particular concern over their rising prevalence in many LMICs linked to wider social, economic, and commercial changes. By describing the extent and consequences of oral diseases, their social and commercial determinants, and their ongoing neglect in global health policy, we aim to highlight the urgent need to address oral diseases among other NCDs as a global health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Peres
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Lorna M D Macpherson
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert J Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Blánaid Daly
- Division of Child and Public Dental Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Renato Venturelli
- WHO Collaborating Centre in Oral Health Inequalities and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Stefan Listl
- Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Section for Translational Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roger Keller Celeste
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carol C Guarnizo-Herreño
- Departamento de Salud Colectiva, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cristin Kearns
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Habib Benzian
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Quality-Improvement, Evidence-Based Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA; New York University College of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Allison
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard G Watt
- WHO Collaborating Centre in Oral Health Inequalities and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
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