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Bernabe E, Marcenes W, Hernandez C, Bailey J, Abreu L, Alipour V, Amini S, Arabloo J, Arefi Z, Arora A, Ayanore M, Bärnighausen T, Bijani A, Cho D, Chu D, Crowe C, Demoz G, Demsie D, Dibaji Forooshani Z, Du M, El Tantawi M, Fischer F, Folayan M, Futran N, Geramo Y, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hariyani N, Hasanzadeh A, Hassanipour S, Hay S, Hole M, Hostiuc S, Ilic M, James S, Kalhor R, Kemmer L, Keramati M, Khader Y, Kisa S, Kisa A, Koyanagi A, Lalloo R, Le Nguyen Q, London S, Manohar N, Massenburg B, Mathur M, Meles H, Mestrovic T, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mokdad A, Morrison S, Nazari J, Nguyen T, Nguyen C, Nixon M, Olagunju T, Pakshir K, Pathak M, Rabiee N, Rafiei A, Ramezanzadeh K, Rios-Blancas M, Roro E, Sabour S, Samy A, Sawhney M, Schwendicke F, Shaahmadi F, Shaikh M, Stein C, Tovani-Palone M, Tran B, Unnikrishnan B, Vu G, Vukovic A, Warouw T, Zaidi Z, Zhang Z, Kassebaum N. Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study. J Dent Res 2020; 99:362-373. [PMID: 32122215 PMCID: PMC7088322 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520908533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Government and nongovernmental organizations need national and global estimates on the descriptive epidemiology of common oral conditions for policy planning and evaluation. The aim of this component of the Global Burden of Disease study was to produce estimates on prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability for oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 by sex, age, and countries. In addition, this study reports the global socioeconomic pattern in burden of oral conditions by the standard World Bank classification of economies as well as the Global Burden of Disease Socio-demographic Index. The findings show that oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge. Globally, there were 3.5 billion cases (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 3.2 to 3.7 billion) of oral conditions, of which 2.3 billion (95% UI, 2.1 to 2.5 billion) had untreated caries in permanent teeth, 796 million (95% UI, 671 to 930 million) had severe periodontitis, 532 million (95% UI, 443 to 622 million) had untreated caries in deciduous teeth, 267 million (95% UI, 235 to 300 million) had total tooth loss, and 139 million (95% UI, 133 to 146 million) had other oral conditions in 2017. Several patterns emerged when the World Bank’s classification of economies and the Socio-demographic Index were used as indicators of economic development. In general, more economically developed countries have the lowest burden of untreated dental caries and severe periodontitis and the highest burden of total tooth loss. The findings offer an opportunity for policy makers to identify successful oral health strategies and strengthen them; introduce and monitor different approaches where oral diseases are increasing; plan integration of oral health in the agenda for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; and estimate the cost of providing universal coverage for dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Bernabe
- E. Bernabe, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK.
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Mousavian A, Shakoor D, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haj-Mirzaian A, de Cesar Netto C, Orapin J, Schon LC, Demehri S. Tibiofibular syndesmosis in asymptomatic ankles: initial kinematic analysis using four-dimensional CT. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:571.e1-571.e8. [PMID: 31076084 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reliability of ankle syndesmotic measurements and their changes during active motion using four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) examination in asymptomatic ankles. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4DCT was performed on both ankles of patients with signs and symptoms of unilateral ankle instability. Ankles from the asymptomatic side of 10 consecutive patients were included in this analysis. Five ankle syndesmotic measurements were adopted from the available literature and performed by two fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeons: (1) syndesmotic anterior distance (SAD); (2) syndesmotic posterior distance (SPD); (3) syndesmotic translation (ST); (4) syndesmotic tibiofibular angle (STFA); and (5) ankle tibiofibular angle (ATFA). A Monte Carlo simulation was also performed to obtain exact p-values with 99% confidence intervals. RESULTS Excellent interobserver reliability was observed among the two readers for four out of five measurements (intra-class correlation coefficients [ICC]: 0.767-0.995, p<0.001-0.020). The ICC values for SAD were not statistically significant (ICC=0.548 and 0.569 for dorsi and plantarflexion respectively, p=0.1). Among the five measurements, only ST measurements had significant changes during active motion (median [interquartile range] for change: -0.70 mm [-1.6-0.10]; p=0.012). Of the above measurements, only the ST measurements demonstrated a negative linear association with the tibiocalcaneal angle during active motion (beta=-2.5, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Reliable quantitative kinematic assessment of ankle syndesmosis can be performed using 4DCT examination. Syndesmotic measurements remain unchanged during ankle motion except for the syndesmotic translation, which tends to decrease during plantar flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mousavian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Shakoor
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - N Hafezi-Nejad
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Haj-Mirzaian
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C de Cesar Netto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Orapin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L C Schon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Demehri
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Haj-Mirzaian A, Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Bowes MA, Conaghan PG, Demehri S. Bisphosphonates intake and its association with changes of periarticular bone area and three-dimensional shape: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:564-568. [PMID: 29330102 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between bisphosphonate treatment with the change of periarticular bone area and three-dimensional (3D) shape in participants of the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study. DESIGN Using propensity score (PS) matching method in females, 48 bisphosphonate users and 105 non-users, who were matched for osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) related factors were included. Baseline and 24-month magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based periarticular bone area and 3D shape measurements were used. The association between bisphosphonate intake and 24-month interval changes of the periarticular bone area and 3D shape were evaluated using paired Wilcoxon signed rank test. We used conditional logistic regression models for determining the association between bisphosphonate intake and periarticular bone change, defined using the standard deviation of difference (SDD) and reliable change index (RCI) methods. P-values have been adjusted for multiple comparisons using Benjamini & Hochberg procedure and false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P-values were reported. RESULTS The 24-month interval increases in the periarticular bone area in medial side of tibia were significantly greater in non-users than users (FDR-adjusted P-value: 0.002). There was an approaching significance trend for lower medial tibial periarticular bone area expansion in bisphosphonate users in comparison with non-users (For 1SDD change, odds ratio 95% confidence interval (OR (95% CI)): 0.514 (0.271-0.975), FDR-adjusted P-value: 0.085) (For 1.96RCI change, OR (95% CI): 0.552 (0.309-0.986), FDR-adjusted P-value: 0.085). CONCLUSIONS Bisphosphonate intake was associated with a reduction in the odds (approaching but not achieving significance) of expansion periarticular bone area, specifically in the medial tibial sub-region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haj-Mirzaian
- Musculoskeletal Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - A Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - F W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - M A Bowes
- Imorphics Ltd, Kilburn House, Manchester, UK.
| | - P G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.
| | - S Demehri
- Musculoskeletal Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Haj-Mirzaian A, Amiri S, Kordjazy N, Momeny M, Razmi A, Rahimi-Balaei M, Amini-Khoei H, Haj-Mirzaian A, Marzban H, Mehr S, Ghaffari S, Dehpour A. Lithium attenuated the depressant and anxiogenic effect of juvenile social stress through mitigating the negative impact of interlukin-1β and nitric oxide on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function. Neuroscience 2016; 315:271-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ostadhadi S, Haj-Mirzaian A, Azimi E, Mansouri P, Dehpour AR. Involvement of nitric oxide in serotonin-induced scratching in mice. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:647-52. [PMID: 25703534 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin is a pruritogenic substance in humans and animals, but the mechanisms of action through which serotonin induces itch response are not yet understood. AIM To examine the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in the profile of scratching behaviour due to intradermal injection of serotonin in mice. METHODS Intradermal injection of serotonin (14.1-235 nmol per site) into the nape of the neck was used to elicit itch in mice. Scratching behaviour was evaluated by counting the number of bouts during 60 min after injection. To determine the possible involvement of the nitrergic system in serotonin-induced scratching, L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester [L-NAME; a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor], aminoguanidine [a selective inducible (i)NOS inhibitor] and L-arginine (an NO precursor) were administered intraperitoneally to control and serotonin-injected animals. RESULTS Intradermal serotonin caused scratching in mice with a bell-shaped dose-response correlation, and the peak effective dose was 141 nmol per site. The majority of scratching bouts in animals occurred 5-10 min after injection. Ineffective doses of L-NAME (3 mg/kg IP) and aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg IP) decreased the scratching induced by intradermal serotonin injection in animals (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001), while an subeffective dose of L-arginine (100 mg/kg IP) augmented the scratching effect of serotonin (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that the scratching induced by intradermal serotonin is mediated by NOS, especially iNOS, activation. We conclude that NO may play a role in mediating itch responses. NO and NOS could be new targets for antipruritic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ostadhadi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Haj-Mirzaian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Azimi
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - P Mansouri
- Skin and Stem cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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