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Archer N, S Jayawardena D, Wong J, Doshi M. The prevalence of denture loss within community residential settings. Br Dent J 2024:10.1038/s41415-023-6714-8. [PMID: 38212530 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Denture loss prevalence in community settings is unknown and results in deteriorating residents' systemic and psychosocial wellbeing.Materials and methods An electronic survey was distributed nationally through professional networks to community residential settings.Results Of the 156 responses from community residential settings, 69% of settings experienced at least one denture lost in the last two years. Sixty percent of responders reported no dentures were labelled, only 64% had received training about how to care for dentures and 86% felt they would benefit from further training on mouth care. In addition, 68% of staff found arranging dental care for their residents challenging.Discussion Extrapolated data suggest that at least 10,205 dentures are lost annually in community residential settings and are never found, costing the NHS Business Service Authority more than £3 million. A high prevalence of denture loss in community residential settings is likely due to residents with multiple comorbidities and frailty. Remaking dentures poses financial, logistical, and patient challenges, which may result in patients being unable to wear a remade denture.Conclusion The prevalence of denture loss within community residential settings needs to be understood to encourage targeted interventions, inform stakeholders, and encourage workflows that will improve service delivery and patients' oral health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Archer
- Speciality Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley St, London, WC1E 6DG, UK.
| | - Don S Jayawardena
- Speciality Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Royal London Dental Hospital, Turner St, London, E1 1FR, UK
| | - Jason Wong
- Interim Chief Dental Officer, The Maltings Dental Practice, Commercial Rd, Grantham, NG31 6DE, UK
| | - Mili Doshi
- Consultant in Special Care Dentistry, East Surrey Hospital, Canada Avenue, Redhill, RH1 5RH, UK
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2
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Osnes C, Davda K, Hyde TP, Khalid S, Dillon S, Archer N, Attrill D, Devlin H, Keeling A. Current challenges for 3D printing complete dentures: experiences from a multi-centre clinical trial. Br Dent J 2023:10.1038/s41415-023-6114-0. [PMID: 37558770 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Aims To develop an optimal clinical and laboratory protocol for the fabrication of 3D printing dentures.Design A prospective feasibility study across three UK dental schools.Material and methods Each patient received one conventional and one 3D-printed denture. Both dentures were constructed using the same impression, jaw registration and wax trial denture. Variables investigated included methods of digitisation of the impression and optional use of a 3D-printed baseplate for jaw registration.Results Clinicians strongly preferred 3D-printed baseplates. Patients felt that conventional and printed dentures were similar in retention and stability. More patients favoured conventional dentures over 3D-printed dentures in terms of comfort.Discussion It is feasible to combine conventional clinical work with digital techniques to produce 3D-printed dentures. 3D-printed baseplates offer a cost-effective alternative to conventional bases at the jaw registration stage. Challenges were faced in tooth positioning and managing occlusion, particularly where roots required adjustment.Conclusion 3D printing is suitable for producing baseplates for jaw registration blocks and wax trial insertions. It is feasible to produce 3D-printed dentures using conventional clinical techniques for impressions, jaw registration and wax trial insertion. The workflow used in this study for 3D-printed dentures is not superior to conventional dentures. Further work is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Paul Hyde
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sean Dillon
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Hugh Devlin
- School of Dentistry, University of Manchester, UK
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Youssef S, Tomson P, Akbari AR, Archer N, Shah F, Heran J, Kandhari S, Pai S, Mehrotra S, Batt JM. The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports. Cureus 2023; 15:e37553. [PMID: 37197127 PMCID: PMC10184739 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 guideline on the reporting of published endodontic case reports (CRs). Methodology All case reports published in the International Endodontic Journal, European Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, in the year before and after the release of PRICE 2020, were included for analysis. Two panels comprising dentists scored case reports against a scoring system adapted from the guideline. Individual items were scored up to a maximum of 1; scores were then summated to provide an overall maximum of 47 for each CR. Each report provided an overall percentage adherence, and panel agreement was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Disagreement on scoring was discussed until a consensus was reached. Scores before and after PRICE guideline publication were compared using an unpaired two-tailed t test. Results A total 19 CRs were identified in both the pre- and post-PRICE guideline publication. Mean adherence to PRICE 2020 increased by 7.9% (p=0.003) from 70.0%±8.89 to 77.9%±6.23 following its publication. Agreement between panels was moderate (ICC pre-PRICE: 0.673 {p=0.011}; ICC post-PRICE: 0.742 {p=0.003}). Items 1a, 6c, 6e, 6f, 6g, 6j, 6q, 6s, 7a, 9a, 11a, 12c and 12d experienced a fall in compliance. Conclusion The PRICE 2020 guideline has resulted in a modest improvement in the reporting of endodontic case reports. Greater awareness and a wider acceptance and implementation of the guideline in endodontic journals are needed to improve adherence to the novel guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofian Youssef
- Academic Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, GBR
| | | | | | | | - Fayjel Shah
- Endodontics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Jasmeet Heran
- Endodontics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
| | | | - Sandeep Pai
- Endodontics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
| | | | - Joanna M Batt
- Restorative Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
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Marengo LK, Archer N, Shumate C, Canfield MA, Drummond-Borg M. Survival of infants and children born with severe microcephaly, Texas, 1999-2015. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:26-42. [PMID: 36345841 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe microcephaly is a brain reduction defect where the delivery head circumference is <3rd percentile for gestational age and sex with subsequent lifelong morbidities. Our objective was to evaluate survival among 2,704 Texas infants with severe microcephaly delivered 1999-2015. METHODS Infants with severe microcephaly from the Texas Birth Defects Registry were linked to death certificates and the national death index. Survival estimates, hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models stratified by presence versus absence of co-occurring defects. RESULTS We identified 496 deaths by age 4 years; most (42.9%) occurred in the neonatal period, and another 39.9% died by 1 year of age. Overall infant survival was 84.8%. Lowest infant survival subgroups included those with chromosomal/syndromic conditions (66.1%), very preterm deliveries (63.9%), or co-occurring critical congenital heart defects (44.0%). Among infants with severe microcephaly and a chromosomal/syndromic co-occurring defect, the risk of death was nearly three-fold higher among those with: proportionate microcephaly (i.e., small baby overall), relative to non-proportionate (HR = 2.84, 95% CI = 2.17-3.71); low-birthweight relative to normal (HR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.92-3.85); critical congenital heart defects (CCHD) relative to no CCHD (HR = 2.90, 95% CI = 2.20-3.80). Trisomies were a leading underlying cause of death (27.5%). CONCLUSIONS Overall, infants with severe microcephaly had high 4-year survival rates which varied by the presence of co-occurring defects. Infants with co-occurring chromosomal/syndromic anomalies have a higher risk of death by age one than those without any co-occurring birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Marengo
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Natalie Archer
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Charlie Shumate
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A Canfield
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Margaret Drummond-Borg
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
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5
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Langan LM, O’Brien M, Lovin LM, Scarlett KR, Davis H, Henke AN, Seidel SE, Archer N, Lawrence E, Norman RS, Bojes HK, Brooks BW. Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Wastewater of Two Counties in Texas, United States. ACS ES T Water 2022; 2:2211-2224. [PMID: 37552718 PMCID: PMC9291321 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.2c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
After its emergence in late November/December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread globally. Recognizing that this virus is shed in feces of individuals and that viral RNA is detectable in wastewater, testing for SARS-CoV-2 in sewage collections systems has allowed for the monitoring of a community's viral burden. Over a 9 month period, the influents of two regional wastewater treatment facilities were concurrently examined for wild-type SARS-CoV-2 along with variants B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2 incorporated as they emerged. Epidemiological data including new confirmed COVID-19 cases and associated hospitalizations and fatalities were tabulated within each location. RNA from SARS-CoV-2 was detectable in 100% of the wastewater samples, while variant detection was more variable. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) results align with clinical trends for COVID-19 cases, and increases in COVID-19 cases were positively related with increases in SARS-CoV-2 RNA load in wastewater, although the strength of this relationship was location specific. Our observations demonstrate that clinical and wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 wild type and constantly emerging variants of concern can be combined using RT-qPCR to characterize population infection dynamics. This may provide an early warning for at-risk communities and increases in COVID-19 related hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Langan
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
| | - Megan O’Brien
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Department of Public Health, Baylor
University, One Bear Place #97343, Waco, Texas 76798, United
States
| | - Lea M. Lovin
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
| | - Kendall R. Scarlett
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
| | - Haley Davis
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
| | - Abigail N. Henke
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Department of Biology, Baylor
University, One Bear Place #97388, Waco, Texas 76798, United
States
| | - Sarah E. Seidel
- Center for Health
Statistics, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
78756, United States
| | - Natalie Archer
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries
Section, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin,
Texas 78756, United States
| | - Eric Lawrence
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries
Section, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin,
Texas 78756, United States
| | - R. Sean Norman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of
Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly
Street Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Heidi K. Bojes
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries
Section, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin,
Texas 78756, United States
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research,
Baylor University, One Bear Place #97178, Waco, Texas 76798,
United States
- Department of Public Health, Baylor
University, One Bear Place #97343, Waco, Texas 76798, United
States
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Archer N, Martin K, Johnston L. Oral health ambassador scheme: training needs analysis in the community setting. Br Dent J 2022:10.1038/s41415-022-5031-y. [PMID: 36229513 PMCID: PMC9559144 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-5031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Successful oral health promotion relies on resource availability, adequate training and stakeholder engagement. Community nursing teams are in a unique position to promote oral health due to their vulnerable service users who have increased oral health concerns. This article will share results from a training needs analysis.Aims To understand the previous oral health promotion experience of staff within community nursing teams, including identification of previous training and barriers to oral health promotion.Materials and methods An electronic training needs analysis was distributed to non-dental, patient-facing staff within Birmingham Community NHS Foundation Trust.Results In total, 91% (n = 120) of staff members had seen a patient who displayed oral health concerns, 68% (n = 90) of responders had never received training for assessing a patient's mouth and providing mouth care and 9% (n = 12) of staff had received internal trust training regarding oral health. Lack of training impeded 56% (n = 74) of participants from providing oral care and 92% (n = 121) of participants expressed they would benefit from further oral health training.Conclusion Community nursing teams should be supported to engage with oral health promotion to encourage reduced knowledge and confidence deficits, which will support holistic patient management to encourage improvement of oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Archer
- Specialty Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospitals, University College London Hospitals, UK.
| | - Katy Martin
- Specialist Oral Surgeon Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust and Clinical Leadership Fellow, NHS England, UK
| | - Laura Johnston
- Speciality Trainee in Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Nolan S, Orlando N, Youn C, Dikeman D, Pontaza C, Pritchard T, Kwatra S, Horswill A, Archer N. 536 Staphylococcus aureus proteases trigger skin inflammation via eosinophil-derived IL-17 responses. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Dong X, Miller L, Archer N, Garza L, Dong X. LB972 Defensins and neutrophil-specific defensin receptors prevent skin dysbiosis and infection. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Youn C, Wang Y, Dikeman D, Alphonse M, Nolan S, Joyce D, Pontaza C, Ahmadi M, Tocaj A, Miller L, Archer N. 537 Neutrophil-intrinsic TNF receptor signaling directs immunity against staphylococcus aureus. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Archer N, Zebic L, Turton N, Higginson J, Idle M, Praveen P, Martin T, Parmar S, Breik O. An evaluation of the clinical utility of C-reactive protein and antibiotic use in patients undergoing major head and neck reconstructive surgery with outcome assessment. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:455-461. [PMID: 34599697 PMCID: PMC8486958 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-01001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This ambispective observational study aims to evaluate the local utility of peri-operative CRP testing and prophylactic antibiotics in relation to post-operative complications in patients who have undergone major head and neck oncological reconstructive surgery. Results A total of 79 patients were identified for inclusion; CRP testing was undertaken within the first 3 days postoperatively in 78/79 cases. Results demonstrated no benefit of extended prophylactic antibiotic use in reducing post-operative infection. Forty-two post-operative complications arose. In the prospective arm, CRP did not influence the decision to commence antibiotic therapy for any of the surgical site infections. Age, diabetes, smoking, or high body mass index (BMI) did not appear to affect the incidence of postoperative infection (p > 0.05). There is no evidence that more than 24 h of antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated for patients undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery. Conclusion Everyone who is involved in peri-operative patient care should be educated regarding the appropriate use of CRP testing, with the implementation of protocols required to standardize CRP testing and prophylactic antibiotic prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Archer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Lara Zebic
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Natalie Turton
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - James Higginson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Matthew Idle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Prav Praveen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Timothy Martin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Sat Parmar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
| | - Omar Breik
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2GW UK
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Wang G, Sweren E, Liu H, Wier E, Alphonse M, Xue Y, Archer N, Grice E, Miller L, Garza L. 613 Bacteria induce skin regeneration via IL-1β signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Oral health has a symbiotic relationship with general health, with oral disease recognised to have an adverse effect on the overall systemic health of a patient. Deterioration in oral health has been shown to have an impact on the severity of chronic systemic diseases, nutrition, hydration and psychological and social wellbeing. Part 1 of this mini-series explored the common oral conditions that community patients may present with, and the role of the nursing team in aiding the prevention, diagnosis and management of these conditions. Following on from that, this article discusses the links between oral and general health, and preservation of a patient's quality of life. This article also aims to support nurses' knowledge on how to assess the oral health needs of patients, support oral care provision, how to access acute and elective dental services and signpost to additional supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Martin
- Speciality Registrar in Oral Surgery, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Laura Johnston
- Speciality Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Natalie Archer
- Academic Dental Core Trainee, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
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Abstract
Oral health is essential to prevent pain, ensure adequate nutrition and promote optimum general and psychosocial wellbeing. The detrimental effects of poor oral health can often be overlooked, resulting in low prioritisation of oral care when compared to other care roles. A multidisciplinary approach to maintaining good oral health of dependent community patients must be established, with stakeholders including dentists, nurses, carers, and family members. This article aims to explore fundamental oral health considerations for community nurses to maintain oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Archer
- Academic Dental Core Trainee, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Katy Martin
- Speciality Registrar in Oral Surgery, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Laura Johnston
- Speciality Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
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14
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Patrick G, Liu H, Alphonse M, Dikeman D, Youn C, Otterson J, Wang Y, Ravipati A, Liu Q, Raymond E, Ramanujam M, Archer N, Miller L. 361 Skin-induced IL-36 triggers plasma cell IgE class switching and allergic disease. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Youn C, Alphonse M, Rubens J, Joyce D, Dikeman D, Wang Y, Ortines R, Liu Q, Mazhar M, Archer N, Miller L. 339 Dynamic neutrophil and T cell TNF production protects against S. aureus skin infections. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Alphonse M, Rubens J, Ortines R, Orlando N, Patel A, Dikeman D, Wang Y, Vuong I, Joyce D, Zhang J, Mumtaz M, Liu Q, Youn C, Patrick G, Ravipati A, Miller R, Archer N, Miller L. 591 Pan-caspase inhibition is a novel immunotherapeutic against MRSA skin infections in mice. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed increased strain on many aspects of the NHS. Dentists have been identified as having skills transferable to support community nursing teams as part of the redeployment response. This article aims to explore the roles dentists have undertaken within the community setting and reflect on dentists' transferable skills, training and personal experiences during redeployment. Despite differences in healthcare delivery, both professions share skills surrounding professionalism, communication, raising concerns and consent. Community nurses have supported dentists through specific training and competencies so that the latter are equipped with skills to support roles including wound care, catheter care and medication administration. Dentists have been well-received by community nursing colleagues and patients during redeployment. This experience has enabled redeployed dentists to establish new skillsets while improving their appreciation for the fundamental role that community nurses play within society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Johnston
- Specialty Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, at Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Natalie Archer
- Academic Dental Core Trainee, at Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Katy Martin
- Speciality Registrar in Oral Surgery, at Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
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Haidar A, Ranjit N, Archer N, Hoelscher DM. Parental and peer social support is associated with healthier physical activity behaviors in adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of Texas School Physical Activity and Nutrition (TX SPAN) data. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:640. [PMID: 31132999 PMCID: PMC6537420 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental and peer support can influence children's physical activity; however, these associations have not been fully examined in a multi-ethnic population across early and late adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine associations between perceived parental/peer social support, perceived parental disapproval for not exercising, and physical activity/screen time behaviors among a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents. METHODS The Texas School Physical Activity and Nutrition (TX SPAN) survey is a cross-sectional statewide probability-based survey, used to assess obesity-related behaviors such as diet and physical activity. The SPAN 2009-2011 study measured 8th and 11th grade students using a self-report questionnaire with established psychometric properties, along with objectively measured height and weight. Associations were examined using multiple logistic and linear regression. RESULTS For every 1-point increase in parental physical activity support, adolescents had 1.14 higher odds of engaging in five or more days of moderate physical activity per week (p < 0.001), and 1.12 higher odds of engaging in three or more days of vigorous physical activity per week (p < 0.001). For every 1-point increase in peer physical activity support, adolescents had 1.17 higher odds of engaging in five or more days of moderate physical activity per week (p < 0.001), and 1.15 higher odds of engaging in three or more days of vigorous physical activity per week (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Parental and peer social support is associated with positive physical activity behaviors in adolescents. Strategies to focus on parent and peer support should be integral to intervention programs designed to increase physical activity in adolescents in middle and high schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amier Haidar
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701 USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701 USA
| | - Natalie Archer
- Texas Department of State Health Services, 1100 W 49th Street, Austin, TX 78756 USA
| | - Deanna M. Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701 USA
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Archer N, Kim D, Lee S, Ortines R, Wang Y, Liu H, Miller R, Dillen C, Marchitto M, Ashbaugh A, Uppal A, Cai S, Garza L, Miller L. 036 CXCL10 expression is regulated by keratinocyte STAT3 signaling and inhibits skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kerns M, Miller R, Archer N, Byrd A, Mazhar M, Miller L, Chien A, Kang S. 766 NRF2-mediated inhibition of UVB-induced hyperpigmentation by topical sulforaphane is dependent on upregulation of IL6Rα expression on keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wier E, Pielstick B, Hintelmann C, Archer N, Ortines R, Miller L, Garza L. 957 Local skin wounding reduces systemic antibody-mediated neutrophil depletion. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nolan S, Mazhar M, Liu H, Archer N, Dikeman D, Ortines R, Wang Y, Miller R, Alphonse M, Caviness G, Ramanujam M, Raymond E, Miller L. 505 Therapeutic activity of an anti-IL36R blocking antibody in inhibiting atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Markle-Reid M, Valaitis R, Archer N, Bartholomew A, Fisher K, Flek R, Gafni A, Ploeg J. ADVANCING TRANSITIONAL CARE FOR COMMUNITY-BASED ADULTS WITH STROKE AND MULTIPLE CHRONIC CONDITIONS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Gafni
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (HEI)
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Ortines R, Liu H, Cheng L, Cohen T, Lawlor H, Gami A, Wang Y, Dillen C, Archer N, Miller R, Ashbaugh A, Pinsker B, Marchitto M, Tkaczyk C, Stover C, Sellman B, Miller L. 1431 Neutralizing α-toxin accelerates healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds in normal and diabetic mice. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liu H, Archer N, Dillen C, Wang Y, Ortines R, Zhang E, Miller R, Marchitto M, Miller L. 946 STAT3 deficiency in keratinocytes promotes serum IgE production in response to Staphylococcus aureus epicutaneous exposure. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu H, Archer N, Dillen C, Wang Y, Ashbaugh A, Ortines R, Lee S, Miller R, Marchitto M, Nunez G, Miller L. 629 Staphylococcus aureus drives atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation via IL-36-induced IL-17 responses. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Marchitto M, Dillen C, Miller R, Archer N, Wang Y, Ortines R, Miller L. 599 Delayed onset of IL-17A/F-mediated protective immunity against community-acquired MRSA skin infection. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dillen C, Pinsker B, Liu H, Wang Y, Ortines R, Archer N, Miller L. 631 TLR2/MyD88 signaling on T cells mediates a compensatory protective immune response to IL-1β/MyD88 signaling against secondary S. aureus skin challenge. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu H, Archer N, Page C, Wang Y, Kao T, Lee S, Ortines R, Ashbaugh A, Nunez G, Miller L. 487 IL-36R-signaling promotes Staphylococcus aureus -induced atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Archer N, Ortines R, Wang Y, Page C, Ashbaugh A, Geha R, Miller L. 491 Skin injury and bacterial colonization drive atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in filaggrin-deficient mice. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cochet M, Archer N, Shaw J, Hannan G, Delahunty C. Determining individual taste phenotype: A comprehensive sensory methods toolbox. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2014.10.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Gilleen J, Greenwood K, Archer N, Lovestone S, David AS. The role of premorbid personality and cognitive factors in awareness of illness, memory, and behavioural functioning in Alzheimer's disease. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2012; 17:227-45. [PMID: 21929281 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2011.588007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research has suggested an association between personality factors and awareness in patients with dementia, yet valid measurement of premorbid personality is problematic. The present study aimed to better reveal the relationship between premorbid personality and awareness by using improved methodology. Moreover, the study aims to contrast the strength of the relationship of premorbid personality and awareness with that of cognitive factors. METHODS Awareness of illness, symptoms, mnemonic and behavioural impairments, and treatment compliance were measured in 27 patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosed by standard criteria for probable AD. Participant premorbid personality was measured using average retrospective Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness Inventory (NEO-FFI) scores from two informants. Correlations were performed to investigate the relationship between awareness and personality dimensions, as well as measures of cognitive style, neuropsychological function, mood, carer burden, and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS There was little relationship between awareness and personality scores, but modest associations between awareness and mood, age, and age of onset of first symptoms. Awareness of memory was related to memory functioning. Increased carer burden was associated with lack of awareness of cognitive-behavioural deficits but there were only few and weak associations between awareness and measures of cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS There was little support for an association between previous personality and awareness in dementia. However, increased carer burden was associated specifically with lack of awareness of cognitive-behavioural deficits not deficits in ADL, whereas lower awareness of ADL and not cognitive-behavioural deficits was associated with age. Awareness of memory appeared to be a metamemory capacity. Mood and age rather than personality and cognition are stronger predictors of awareness in early Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gilleen
- Psychological Medicine, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
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Manning N, Acharya G, Impey L, Wilson N, Archer N. Fetal aortic valvuloplasty as a means to survival. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 38:603-604. [PMID: 21547976 DOI: 10.1002/uog.9040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Archer N, Walker J. Support for coping with issues of loss in schools (SCILS). BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000105.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Archer N, Fevrier-Thomas U, Lokker C, McKibbon KA, Straus SE. Personal health records: a scoping review. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2011; 18:515-22. [PMID: 21672914 PMCID: PMC3128401 DOI: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic personal health record systems (PHRs) support patient centered healthcare by making medical records and other relevant information accessible to patients, thus assisting patients in health self-management. We reviewed the literature on PHRs including design, functionality, implementation, applications, outcomes, and benefits. We found that, because primary care physicians play a key role in patient health, PHRs are likely to be linked to physician electronic medical record systems, so PHR adoption is dependent on growth in electronic medical record adoption. Many PHR systems are physician-oriented, and do not include patient-oriented functionalities. These must be provided to support self-management and disease prevention if improvements in health outcomes are to be expected. Differences in patient motivation to use PHRs exist, but an overall low adoption rate is to be expected, except for the disabled, chronically ill, or caregivers for the elderly. Finally, trials of PHR effectiveness and sustainability for patient self-management are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Archer
- DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dennis
- Down's Syndrome Medical Interest Group, Oxford, UK.
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Sridharan S, Archer N, Manning N. Premature constriction of the fetal ductus arteriosus following the maternal consumption of camomile herbal tea. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009; 34:358-359. [PMID: 19705407 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Proitsi P, Hamilton G, Tsolaki M, Lupton M, Daniilidou M, Hollingworth P, Archer N, Foy C, Stylios F, McGuinness B, Todd S, Lawlor B, Gill M, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Owen M, Williams J, Craig D, Passmore P, Lovestone S, Powell JF. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD). Neurobiol Aging 2009; 32:434-42. [PMID: 19386383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although there is evidence for distinct behavioural sub-phenotypes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), their inter-relationships and the effect of clinical variables on their expression have been little investigated. METHODS We have analysed a sample of 1850 probable AD patients from the UK and Greece with 10 item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data. We applied a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) approach to investigate the effect of MMSE, disease duration, gender, age and age of onset on the structure of a four-factor model consisting of "psychosis", "moods", "agitation" and "behavioural dyscontrol". RESULTS Specific clinical variables predicted the expression of individual factors. When the inter-relationship of factors is modelled, some previously significant associations are lost. For example, lower MMSE scores predict psychosis, agitation and behavioural dyscontrol factors, but psychosis and mood predict the agitation factor. Taking these associations into account MMSE scores did not predict agitation. CONCLUSIONS The complexity of the inter-relations between symptoms, factors and clinical variables is efficiently captured by this MIMIC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Proitsi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be important public health implications of increasing our knowledge of factors associated with age of dementia onset. The pre-morbid personality domain of Neuroticism constituted an interesting and theoretically plausible, yet uninvestigated, candidate for such an association. We aimed to examine whether midlife Neuroticism was associated with earlier age of onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD This was a case-comparison study of 213 patients with probable AD. Detailed clinical information was collected for all patients including age of onset of dementia symptoms. One or two knowledgeable informants rated each patient's midlife personality retrospectively using the Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) questionnaire. The relationship between midlife Neuroticism and age of dementia onset was evaluated using both correlational analysis and backward linear regression analysis. RESULTS Midlife Neuroticism predicted younger age of dementia onset in females but not in males. The association found in females was independent of pre-morbid history of affective disorder. CONCLUSIONS This finding and its potential mechanism warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Archer
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
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Maiya S, Sullivan I, Allgrove J, Yates R, Malone M, Brain C, Archer N, Mok Q, Daubeney P, Tulloh R, Burch M. Hypocalcaemia and vitamin D deficiency: an important, but preventable, cause of life-threatening infant heart failure. Heart 2007; 94:581-4. [PMID: 17690157 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2007.119792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent large paediatric cardiomyopathy population studies from North America and Australia, vitamin D deficiency was not identified as a cause of infant heart failure. However, rickets is resurgent in developed countries. OBJECTIVE To review the prevalence of this cardiomyopathy in paediatric cardiology units of southeast England and determine the prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective review from 2000 to 2006 in southeast England. Sixteen infants (6 Indian subcontinent, 10 black ethnicity) were identified: median (range) age at presentation was 5.3 months (3 weeks-8 months). All had been breast fed. Ten presented at the end of the British winter (February-May). Median shortening fraction was 10% (range 5-18%) and median left ventricular end diastolic dimension z score was 4.1 (range 3.1-7.0). Six had a cardiac arrest; three infants died. Eight were ventilated, two required mechanical circulatory support and 12 required intravenous inotropic support. Two were referred for cardiac transplantation. Median (range) of biochemical values on admission was: total calcium 1.5 (1.07-1.74) mmol/l; alkaline phosphatase 646 (340-1057) IU/l; 25-hydroxyvitamin D 18.5 (0-46) nmol/l (normal range >35) and parathyroid hormone 34.3 (8.9-102) pmol/l (normal range <6.1). The clinical markers and echocardiographic indices of all survivors have improved. The mean time from diagnosis to achieve normal fractional shortening was 12.4 months. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency and consequent hypocalcaemia are seen in association with severe and life-threatening infant heart failure. That no infant or mother was receiving the recommended vitamin supplementation highlights the need for adequate provision of vitamin D to ethnic minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maiya
- Department of Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
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Harold D, Jehu L, Turic D, Hollingworth P, Moore P, Summerhayes P, Moskvina V, Foy C, Archer N, Hamilton BA, Lovestone S, Powell J, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Jones L, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Williams J. Interaction between the ADAM12 and SH3MD1 genes may confer susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:448-52. [PMID: 17440933 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and the extracellular deposition of beta-amyloid (Abeta) in senile plaques. Abeta has been shown to mediate neurodegenerative and inflammatory changes associated with amyloid plaques, although the pathological mechanism of Abeta remains largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that the FISH adapter protein binds to, and potentially regulates, ADAM12 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 12) to mediate a neurotoxic effect of Abeta. The ADAM12 gene lies on chromosome 10q26.3, and the gene encoding FISH, SH3MD1, lies within a region of linkage to late-onset AD (LOAD) on 10q25.1. This study investigates whether there is a relationship between variation in ADAM12 and SH3MD1 and susceptibility to LOAD in a sample of 1,051 AD cases and 1,269 matched controls. We observe significant interactions between variants in the two genes that may influence susceptibility to LOAD. The most significant statistical interaction is between rs3740473, a synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SH3MD1 and rs11244787, an intronic SNP in ADAM12 (effect size = 2.1 for interaction term, P = 0.006).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Harold
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Ellul J, Archer N, Foy CML, Poppe M, Boothby H, Nicholas H, Brown RG, Lovestone S. The effects of commonly prescribed drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease on the rate of deterioration. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78:233-9. [PMID: 17012333 PMCID: PMC2117629 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.104034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2006] [Revised: 09/20/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prescribed drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease may affect the symptomatic progression of their disease, both positively and negatively. AIM To examine the effects of drugs on the progression of disease in a representative group of patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Patients with the diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease were recruited from the community. The prescribed drugs taken by 224 patients (mean age 82.3 years) were recorded at initial assessment and then correlated in logistic regression analysis with progression of the disease, defined as an increase of one point or more in the Global Deterioration Scale over the next 12-month period. RESULTS Patients who were taking antipsychotic drugs and sedatives had a significantly higher risk of deterioration than those who were taking none (odds ratios (ORs) 2.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17 to 6.41) and 2.77 (95% CI 1.14 to 6.73), respectively). Higher risk of deterioration was observed in those who were taking both antipsychotic and sedative drugs together (OR 3.86 (95% CI 1.28 to 11.7). Patients taking drugs licensed for dementia, drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system and statins had a significantly lower risk of deterioration than those who were not taking any of these drugs (ORs 0.49 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.97), 0.31 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.85) and 0.12 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.52), respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings have implications for both clinicians and trialists. Most importantly, clinicians should carefully weigh any potential benefits of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines, especially in combination, against the risk of increased decline. Researchers need to be aware of the potential of not only licensed drugs for dementia but also drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system and statins in reducing progression in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ellul
- Department of Neurology, University of Patras, 26500 Rio, Patras, Greece.
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Hye A, Lynham S, Thambisetty M, Causevic M, Campbell J, Byers HL, Hooper C, Rijsdijk F, Tabrizi SJ, Banner S, Shaw CE, Foy C, Poppe M, Archer N, Hamilton G, Powell J, Brown RG, Sham P, Ward M, Lovestone S. Proteome-based plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 129:3042-50. [PMID: 17071923 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awl279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common and devastating disease for which there is no readily available biomarker to aid diagnosis or to monitor disease progression. Biomarkers have been sought in CSF but no previous study has used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry to seek biomarkers in peripheral tissue. We performed a case-control study of plasma using this proteomics approach to identify proteins that differ in the disease state relative to aged controls. For discovery-phase proteomics analysis, 50 people with Alzheimer's dementia were recruited through secondary services and 50 normal elderly controls through primary care. For validation purposes a total of 511 subjects with Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases and normal elderly controls were examined. Image analysis of the protein distribution of the gels alone identifies disease cases with 56% sensitivity and 80% specificity. Mass spectrometric analysis of the changes observed in two-dimensional electrophoresis identified a number of proteins previously implicated in the disease pathology, including complement factor H (CFH) precursor and alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha-2M). Using semi-quantitative immunoblotting, the elevation of CFH and alpha-2M was shown to be specific for Alzheimer's disease and to correlate with disease severity although alternative assays would be necessary to improve sensitivity and specificity. These findings suggest that blood may be a rich source for biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and that CFH, together with other proteins such as alpha-2M may be a specific markers of this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hye
- King's College London, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research London, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival of neonates with critical aortic stenosis has improved over the past decade. Models based on morphological characteristics have been designed to help determine whether early survival is more likely after biventricular repair (surgical or balloon aortic valvotomy) or after a single ventricle staged palliative surgical strategy. However, late follow up data are lacking. OBJECTIVE To report follow up data on survivors of neonatal aortic valvotomy who had persistent pulmonary hypertension caused by restriction to left ventricular filling. RESULTS Of four medium term survivors of neonatal valvotomy for critical aortic stenosis who had persistent pulmonary hypertension, one died aged 4 years and the other three have severe limitation of effort tolerance. CONCLUSIONS This previously unreported late complication of "successful" biventricular repair for neonatal critical aortic stenosis is an important consideration in determining the initial management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Burch
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
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Zhou F, Bowles J, Zamora M, Archer N, Tombs M, Henry M, Burton C, Baker S, Duta M. Remote condition monitoring and validation of railway points. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1049/cce:20020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether antenatal diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta results in reduced mortality and improved preoperative haemodynamic stability compared with postnatal diagnosis. DESIGN Retrospective review of all cases of coarctation of the aorta presenting to a tertiary fetal and neonatal cardiology service from January 1994 to December 1998. METHODS Prenatal, postnatal, and necropsy records were reviewed to determine survival in the two groups. Markers of preoperative illness severity were recorded, including presence of femoral pulse, collapse, left ventricular function, ductal patency on echocardiography, coagulation status, duration of intensive care unit and total hospital stay, heart rate, respiratory rate, plasma creatinine, plasma potassium, and right upper limb blood pressure. A univarate and multivariate analysis was conducted on all variables and a cumulative score was created and subjected to logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Both collapse and death were more common in the postnatally diagnosed group (p < 0.05). Femoral pulses were more likely to be palpable and there was echocardiographic evidence of duct patency in the antenatally diagnosed infants (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). An increased respiratory rate was associated with postnatal presentation (p < 0.05). Infants with haemodynamic instability preoperatively were more likely to have been diagnosed postnatally (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Antenatal diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta is associated with improved survival and preoperative clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Franklin
- Fetal Cardiology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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