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Calpbinici P, Terzioglu F, Koc G. The relationship of perceived social support, personality traits and self-esteem of the pregnant women with the fear of childbirth. Health Care Women Int 2023; 44:1423-1437. [PMID: 34846273 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.2007925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This research was conducted to examine the relationship of perceived social support, personality traits, and self-esteem of pregnant women with fear of childbirth. The study was performed between April 15, 2016 and May 15, 2016 using face-to-face interviews with 128 pregnant women who were at 28-40 weeks of pregnancy. A negative correlation between the fear of childbirth and the levels of social support perceived by pregnant women and a positive correlation between the fear of childbirth and self-esteem were observed. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the fear of childbirth and extraversion, self-discipline, and openness to development and a positive correlation between the fear of childbirth and neurotic personality traits were noted. Hence, we propose that social support status, personality traits, and self-esteem of pregnant women should be viewed as risk factors for the fear of childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Calpbinici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Semra and Vefa Küçük Faculty of Health Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Fusun Terzioglu
- Department of Nursing, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gulten Koc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Investigation of Gaming Habits, Personality Traits, and Internet Gaming Disorder Among Kyrgyz Adolescents. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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3
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Hajek A, Kretzler B, König HH. Personality and the use of cancer screenings. A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244655. [PMID: 33370379 PMCID: PMC7769487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No systematic review exists synthesizing studies examining the association between personality factors and use of cancer screenings. Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of empirical findings from observational studies investigating the link between personality factors (in terms of agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience) and use of cancer screenings. METHODS Medline, PsycInfo and CINAHL were searched using predefined search terms. Observational studies examining the link between personality factors and use of cancer screenings using validated tools were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers. RESULTS In total, n = 11 studies were included in our systematic review. There is mostly inconclusive evidence regarding the link between agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience and the use of cancer screenings. Clearer evidence was identified for an association between increased extraversion and an increased use of cancer screenings. Moreover, the majority of studies identified a link between increased conscientiousness and an increased use of cancer screenings. DISCUSSION Studies indicate that personality factors, particularly an increased extraversion and increased conscientiousness, are associated with an increased use of cancer screenings. This knowledge may be beneficial to address individuals at risk for underuse. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020176830.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Rashidi Fakari F, Mohammadzadeh F, Rashidi Fakari F, Saei Ghare Naz M, Ozgoli G. The prediction of cervical cancer screening beliefs based on big five personality traits. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1173-1178. [PMID: 32587737 PMCID: PMC7308704 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study was designed with the aim to predict Pap smear screening beliefs based on Big Five personality traits. Design The present cross-sectional study was conducted with 235 women over 18 years of age in Tehran (Iran) in 2018. Methods The data collection tools included the demographic information questionnaire, Pap Smear Belief Questionnaire (PSBQ) and the 10-item measure of the Big Five personality traits. Results People with Agreeableness personality trait were more faced with risks and Barriers and factors associated with Pap smear screening beliefs; and those with Conscientiousness personality trait were more faced with risks and Barriers. Results of the present study can help to understand how the personality affects decision-making and interactions. Therefore, consequences of counselling about screening beliefs and behavioural changes can be improved by personality-based education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Reproductive HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farnaz Mohammadzadeh
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Reproductive HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Reproductive HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Reproductive HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Giti Ozgoli
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Reproductive HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Niedzwiedz CL, Robb KA, Katikireddi SV, Pell JP, Smith DJ. Depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and participation in breast and cervical cancer screening: Cross-sectional and prospective evidence from UK Biobank. Psychooncology 2019; 29:381-388. [PMID: 31663185 PMCID: PMC7002161 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and participation in breast and cervical screening in the UK. Methods Women in the UK Biobank cohort with complete data who were eligible for breast cancer screening (aged 50‐70 years, N = 143 461) and/or cervical screening (<65 years, N = 141 753) at baseline recruitment (2006‐2010) and those with follow‐up data (2014‐2019) were identified (N = 11 050 and N = 9780 for breast and cervical screening). Depressive symptoms and neuroticism were self‐reported at baseline (range 0‐12 with higher scores reflecting greater severity). Primary outcomes were reporting being up to date with breast and cervical screening. For prospective analyses, patterns of screening participation from baseline to follow‐up were identified. Logistic regression was used to analyse associations, adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results More severe depressive symptoms were associated with reduced likelihood of breast (OR = 0.960, 95% CI: 0.950,0.970) and cervical (OR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.950,0.966) screening participation, in cross‐sectional analyses. Higher neuroticism scores were associated with reduced cervical screening participation, but the opposite was found for breast cancer screening. Examination of individual neuroticism items revealed that anxiety and worry were associated with increased breast screening. At follow‐up, higher baseline depressive symptoms were related to decreased cervical screening (OR = 0.955, 95% CI: 0.913,0.999), but not with breast screening. Conclusions More severe depressive symptoms may be a barrier for breast and cervical screening and could be an indicator for more proactive strategies to improve uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn A Robb
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Aschwanden D, Gerend MA, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Terracciano A. Personality traits and preventive cancer screenings in the Health Retirement Study. Prev Med 2019; 126:105763. [PMID: 31260725 PMCID: PMC6810562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Five-Factor model of personality has been associated with a wide range of health behaviors and health outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether personality traits are related to cancer screening in older adults. The present study investigated the cross-sectional associations between personality traits and the probability of obtaining a recent preventive screening for breast, cervical, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Participants from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 14,394, Mage = 68.14 years, range = 50-102 years, 58.6% female) completed a personality inventory and reported on cancer screenings in the 2010-2012 assessment. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data, including age, race, ethnicity, gender, education, income, and wealth as covariates. Higher conscientiousness was associated with a higher likelihood of obtaining breast, cervical, and prostate screening. Higher extraversion was related to higher odds of breast, cervical, and colorectal screening. Higher neuroticism was linked to higher odds of colorectal screening, and conscientiousness moderated the link between neuroticism and cervical screening. These associations were significant in models that accounted for demographic and socioeconomic factors. The effect sizes were in the range of a 10-20% higher likelihood of cancer screening for 1 SD difference in personality. The present findings suggest that conscientiousness and extraversion were related to preventive cancer screenings, whereas neuroticism, openness and agreeableness were largely unrelated to the likelihood of such screenings. If these results are further replicated, health policy makers may consider personality traits when planning and implementing screening recommendations to improve preventive medicine.
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Azucar D, Marengo D, Settanni M. Predicting the Big 5 personality traits from digital footprints on social media: A meta-analysis. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Costa S, Barberis N, Larcan R, Cuzzocrea F. The incremental role of trait emotional intelligence on perceived cervical screening barriers. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2018; 23:880-890. [PMID: 29436238 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1437278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have become increasingly interested in investigating the role of the psychological aspects related to the perception of cervical screening barriers. This study investigates the influence of trait EI on perceived cervical screening barriers. Furthermore, this study investigates the incremental validity of trait EI beyond the Big Five, as well as emotion regulation in the perceived barrier towards the Pap test as revealed in a sample of 206 Italian women that were undergoing cervical screening. Results have shown that trait EI is negatively related to cervical screening barriers. Furthermore, trait EI can be considered as a strong incremental predictor of a woman's perception of screening over and above the Big Five, emotion regulation, age, sexual intercourse experience and past Pap test. Detailed information on the study findings and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Costa
- a Department of Psychology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
| | - Nadia Barberis
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Rosalba Larcan
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Francesca Cuzzocrea
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Pandhi N, Schumacher JR, Thorpe CT, Smith MA. Cross-sectional study examining whether the extent of first-contact access to primary care differentially benefits those with certain personalities to receive preventive services. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009738. [PMID: 26951211 PMCID: PMC4785317 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The extent of first-contact access to primary care (ie, easy availability when needed) is associated with receiving recommended preventive services. Whether this access benefits patients at risk of preventive services underutilisation, such as those with certain personality characteristics, is unclear. SETTING Secondary analysis of the 2003-2006 round of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. PARTICIPANTS 6975 respondents who reported a usual provider whose specialty was internal medicine or family medicine. Those reporting not visiting a medical provider in the past 12 months, and those who were uninsured were excluded. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Receiving mammography, cholesterol testing and influenza vaccination. Adjusted predicted probabilities (aPP) of receiving these services were analysed stratified by personality characteristics overall, and if significant, then interacted with first-contact access. RESULTS Lower conscientiousness as compared with higher conscientiousness predicted less of all 3 preventive services; mammography (aPP 80%; 95% CI (77% to 83%) vs aPP 85%; (95% CI 82% to 87%)), cholesterol testing (88%; (85% to 90%) vs 93% (91% to 94%), and influenza vaccination (62%; (59% to 64%) vs 66%; (63% to 68%)). Lower agreeableness as compared with higher agreeableness predicted less mammography (77%; (73% to 81%) vs 84%; (82% to 87%)) and less influenza vaccination (59%; (56% to 62%) vs 65%; (63% to 68%)). Lower extraversion predicted less cholesterol testing (88%; (86% to 91%) vs (92%; (90% to 94%)). Lower openness to experience predicted less influenza vaccination (59%; (56% to 63%) vs (68%; (65% to 70%)). For agreeableness, these differences in receiving preventive services did not persist when first-contact access to primary care was present. CONCLUSIONS Certain personality characteristics predicted receiving less preventive care services. For those with less agreeableness, improved first-contact access to primary care mitigated this effect. If these results are replicated in other studies, primary care offices seeking to improve population health through receiving preventive services should prioritise increasing their first-contact accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Pandhi
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Health Innovation Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jessica R Schumacher
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carolyn T Thorpe
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Health Services Research and Development, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maureen A Smith
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Health Innovation Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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10
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Health anxiety in the digital age: An exploration of psychological determinants of online health information seeking. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gale CR, Deary IJ, Wardle J, Zaninotto P, Batty GD. Cognitive ability and personality as predictors of participation in a national colorectal cancer screening programme: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. J Epidemiol Community Health 2015; 69:530-5. [PMID: 25648994 PMCID: PMC4453587 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The English NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme has offered biennial faecal occult blood testing to people aged 60-69 years since 2006, and to those aged 60-74 years since 2010. Analysis of the first 2.6 million screening invitations found that 54% of eligible people took up the invitation. The reasons for this low uptake are unclear. We investigated whether participation in screening varies according to cognitive ability and personality. METHODS Participants were members of The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. In 2010-2011, respondents were asked about participation in bowel cancer screening, and cognitive ability and the 'Big Five' personality traits were assessed. Logistic regression was used to examine the cross-sectional relationships between cognitive ability and personality and screening participation in 2681 people aged 60-75 years who were eligible to have been invited to take part in the UK national screening programme for bowel cancer. RESULTS In age-adjusted and sex-adjusted analyses, better cognition and higher conscientiousness were associated with increased participation in cancer screening. ORs (95% CIs) per SD increase were 1.10 (1.03 to 1.18) for cognitive ability and 1.10 (1.01 to 1.19) for conscientiousness. After further adjustment for household wealth and health literacy-shown previously to be associated with participation-these associations were attenuated (ORs were 1.07 (1.00 to 1.15) and 1.07 (0.97 to 1.18), respectively). CONCLUSIONS We found some indication that better cognitive function and greater conscientiousness may be linked with a slightly increased likelihood of participation in bowel cancer screening. These relationships need investigation in other cohorts of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine R Gale
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jane Wardle
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Zaninotto
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - G David Batty
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Quincy BL. Acceptability of self-collected human papillomavirus specimens in cervical cancer screening: A review. World J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 3:90-97. [DOI: 10.5317/wjog.v3.i3.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer morbidity and mortality is an important public health problem around the world. Some of the barriers to cervical cancer screening include the embarrassment, discomfort, lack of privacy and time and cost associated with clinician-collected, clinic-based screening with cytology or human papillomavirus tests. Self-collection of a human papillomavirus (HPV) test has been found to be generally more acceptable, less embarrassing, more comfortable, more private and easy to do and preferred to pelvic examination for cervical cytology by many women worldwide. The most commonly reported limitation to self-collection is a woman’s lack of confidence in her ability to perform it correctly. Self-collected human papillomavirus tests have been shown to be as or more sensitive than cytology or clinician-collected HPV tests. With confidence-building education about self-collection, it is likely a viable method to extend the reach of screening in high and low-resource areas around the world.
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Graffigna G, Leone D, Vegni E. "Am I carrier?" The patient's lived experience of thrombophilia genetic screening and its outcome. Health Psychol Behav Med 2014; 2:696-712. [PMID: 25750812 PMCID: PMC4345974 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2014.918512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
How do patients with thrombophilia experience a physician's request to undergo a genetic test? How do they experience the test outcome? To answer these questions, we conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis study, based on 10 in-depth interviews with patients who underwent genetic testing for thrombophilia in Italy, half with positive and half with negative results. The experience of undergoing genetic screening for thrombophilia plays an important role in reconfiguring patients' signification of their illness experience. A positive outcome becomes a cue to reorganize in a more adaptive way the illness meaning at the cognitive and emotive levels, whereas a negative outcome appears more distressing and confusing. As a clinical implication of the study, clinicians should consider communicating carefully with the patients regardless from the positive/negative test results and they should explore the patient's specific reaction and understanding of test result.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Leone
- Department of Health Science, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Elena Vegni
- Department of Health Science, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
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Marván ML, Ehrenzweig Y, Catillo-López RL. Knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and psychosocial barriers to screening among Mexican women. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2013; 34:163-9. [PMID: 24156635 DOI: 10.3109/0167482x.2013.846904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate: Mexican women's knowledge about cervical cancer prevention; psychosocial barriers to screening; and the relation of both to cervical cancer screening behavior. Three hundred and eighty-four rural and urban women who had achieved a basic or higher educational level were surveyed. Almost 80% of the women had a Pap test but rural women were less likely to have done so. Although most women had received their most recent Pap within the last three years, only 29% had had their first Pap in accordance with the official Mexican norm. Participants showed inadequate knowledge about the risk factors for cervical cancer, especially women with only a basic educational level, irrespective of residence in an urban or rural area. Factors associated with non-screening were poor knowledge about Pap testing and about the risk factors for cervical cancer, as well as the following barriers: believing that Pap testing is too embarrassing; believing that men do not want them to have a Pap test; and believing that the test is painful. In light of these socio-cultural influences, our findings could be helpful in designing effective programs to increase Pap screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Marván
- Institute of Psychological Research, Universidad Veracruzana , Xalapa , México
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Krok JL, Baker TA. The influence of personality on reported pain and self-efficacy for pain management in older cancer patients. J Health Psychol 2013; 19:1261-70. [PMID: 23744717 DOI: 10.1177/1359105313488976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the relationship of personality traits and affect on cancer-related pain in 150 older adults receiving outpatient treatment at a comprehensive cancer center. Regression analyses revealed extraversion as a significant predictor of current pain, with openness to experience as a significant indicator of average pain. Similarly, positive affect and negative affect were significant predictors of self-efficacy for pain management. Moderation models showed that conscientiousness and extraversion were significant moderators in the relationship between self-efficacy for pain management and worst pain. These findings suggest that different personality types may influence perceptions of pain severity.
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Abstract
The present study explored the role of attachment insecurity in cervical screening behaviors and barriers in a sample of 257 female undergraduates. Information on attachment dimensions as well as attachment style was collected. Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were associated with decreased likelihood of having participated in cervical screening and positively associated with screening barriers. Screening barriers were elevated among individuals with insecure attachment styles (preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing), and dismissing participants were less likely to have engaged in screening compared to secure participants. Our findings demonstrate that attachment insecurity may be a risk factor for inadequate cervical screening and screening barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Hill
- Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
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Miller C, Kapp S, Donohue L. Examining factors that influence the adoption of health-promoting behaviours among people with venous disease. Int Wound J 2012; 11:138-46. [PMID: 22891981 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2012.01050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
People living with venous disease are encouraged to make a number of behaviour modifications to facilitate healing and to prevent a recurrence of a venous leg ulcer. This investigation sought to examine factors described in the literature that shape the effectiveness of multi-component education programs and conduct a secondary analysis of data to examine relationships between various health behaviours for people with a venous leg ulcer who participated in a standardised e-learning education program. This study found few statistically significant and typically minor relationships between health behaviours after participants had completed the education program. No significant differences were identified by participant gender, age or need for a carer, for either the number of health behaviours performed after the education or the number of behaviour changes made during the education. Participants performing few of the recommended health-promoting behaviours prior to the education achieved more behaviour change than those already engaged in the sought after activities [F(2,154) = 16·038, P = 0·000]. The notable lack of associations between the performance of the health-promoting behaviours places emphasis on the need for comprehensive investigation of the moderators and mediators of multi-faceted behaviour change to promote wound healing and chronic disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charne Miller
- Royal District Nursing Service Helen Macpherson Smith Institute of Community Health, St Kilda, Victoria, Australia
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