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Blay M, Bouteloup M, Duarte M, Hasler R, Pham E, Nicastro R, Jan M, Debbané M, Perroud N. Association between pathological narcissism and emotion regulation: The role of self-mentalizing? Personal Ment Health 2024. [PMID: 38710596 DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Pathological narcissism (PN) is a common psychopathological issue leading to maladaptive strategies to cope with self-esteem threats, including self-enhancement and exploitation (grandiose strategies) or internalized shame, depression, and social withdrawal (vulnerable strategies). Mentalizing is a key process for regulating self and other representations and their associated emotions. Patients with PN further struggle with emotion dysregulation (ED), which during development is intertwined with the growing capacity to mentalize. We seek to contribute to emerging empirical data documenting the associations between PN and ED and between PN and mentalizing, and to provide information on the nature of their mutual relationships. In the present study, we assessed PN, ED, and three mentalizing dimensions (mentalizing self, other, and motivation to mentalize) in 183 patients consulting in our outpatient unit specialized in ED. We found that narcissistic vulnerability was negatively associated with self-mentalizing and positively associated with overall ED, both even after adjustment for borderline and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However, the association with ED was not maintained after further adjustment for self-mentalizing or overall-mentalizing, which suggests that mentalizing may play a mediating role in this relationship. On the other hand, narcissistic grandiosity was positively associated with other-mentalizing and ED and negatively associated with self-mentalizing in bivariate analyses, but these last two associations were not maintained after adjustment for comorbid borderline and/or ADHD symptomatology. This study provides new information on the link between PN and ED and on key mentalizing dimensions meaningfully relating to PN, notably through a potential role of self-mentalizing processes between PN and ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Blay
- ADDIPSY, Addictology and Psychiatry Outpatient Center, Groupe Santé Basque Développement, Lyon, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations Team "DevPsy", Villejuif, France
| | - Margaux Bouteloup
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Duarte
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hasler
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eleonore Pham
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rosetta Nicastro
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marlène Jan
- University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Versailles Hospital Center, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Martin Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nader Perroud
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Leite Â, Cardoso S, Monteiro AP. Dark Personality Traits and Online Behaviors: Portuguese Versions of Cyberstalking, Online Harassment, Flaming and Trolling Scales. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6136. [PMID: 37372723 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to assess moderation effects of online behaviors between personality traits and addiction to Internet. To this end, four instruments were validated for Portuguese version through confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) Multiple regression analysis was applied to examine the personality predictors of specific online behaviors while controlling for gender and age; and moderation effects were assessed (Study 2). Results showed good psychometric properties for the four validated scales. Machiavellianism is positively associated with all the dimensions of this study. Psychopathy is positively associated with total Cyberstalking, Cyberstalking Control, Flaming and Trolling. Narcissism is positively associated with all the dimensions, except Online Harassment and Flaming. Machiavellianism is positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking, Flaming and Trolling. Psychopathy is positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking Control and Flaming. Narcissism is also positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking and Trolling. This study demonstrates that dimensions of the dark triad of personality play an important role in Internet addiction through online behaviors. The results of this study have theoretical and practical implications: on the one hand, they reinforces the findings of other studies showing that dimensions of the dark personality triad play an important role in Internet and social network addition, contributing to the literature; and, on the other hand, on a practical level, they allow to conduct awareness campaigns in communities, schools, and work to understand that one can be exposed to unpleasant situations due to behaviors that some people with personality traits of Machiavellianism, narcissism and/or psychopathy that may cause problems affecting the mental, emotional and psychological health of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Leite
- Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies (CEFH), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4710-362 Braga, Portugal
| | - Susana Cardoso
- Research Center in Sports Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Social Sciences and Behavior, University of Maia, Av. Carlos Oliveira Campos, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Monteiro
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CIIE-Center for Research and Intervention in Education, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Balcerowska JM, Sawicki A, Brailovskaia J, Zajenkowski M. Different aspects of narcissism and Social Networking Sites addiction in Poland and Germany: The mediating role of positive and negative reinforcement expectancies. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2023.112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Šporčić B, Glavak-Tkalić R. The Moderating Role of Well-Being in the Relationship Between Gaming Motivation and Problematic Gaming. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GAMING AND COMPUTER-MEDIATED SIMULATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.4018/ijgcms.320516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the moderating role of psychosocial well-being in the relationship between gaming motivation and problematic gaming among problematic and recreational online gamers. Data from 511 online video game players (M = 24.89, SD = 6.39) were analyzed. Problematic online gaming was positively correlated with social anxiety, loneliness, and stress, as well as with social escape, competition, coping, skill development, and fantasy motives for playing online video games. Negative correlation was found between problematic gaming and life satisfaction. The results showed significant interaction terms between loneliness and social motive, life satisfaction and recreation and coping motive, and stress and fantasy motive among problematic gamers. Furthermore, results showed a significant interaction term between stress and skill development motive among recreational gamers. The results are discussed in the framework of the compensatory internet use model (Kardefelt-Winther, 2014a).
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Yilmaz R, Karaoglan Yilmaz FG, Avci U. Examining the role of cyberloafing, narcissism, locus of control, and social appearance anxiety on the Internet gaming disorder in university students. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Yilmaz
- Department of Computer Technology & Information Systems, Faculty of Science Bartin University Bartin Turkey
| | | | - Ummuhan Avci
- Department of Management Information Systems, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Bartin University Bartin Turkey
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Xu X, Gao LF, Lian SL, Chen Q, Zhou ZK. How the Dark Triad associated with internet gaming disorder? The serial mediation of basic psychological needs satisfaction and negative coping styles. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-9. [PMID: 36471813 PMCID: PMC9714411 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
According to the I-PACE model, this study focused on the role of need satisfaction and negative coping styles in the relationship between the Dark Triad (i.e., Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). In a sample of 749 emerging adult gamers, a multiple mediation model with Dark Triad as the distal variable, psychological need satisfaction and negative coping style as mediating variables, and IGD as the outcome variable was tested. Results indicated that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were found to be significant predictors of IGD when mediated by psychological need satisfaction and negative coping styles. Narcissism predicts IGD only through the indirect effect of negative coping styles. The findings enhanced our understanding that Machiavellianism and psychopathy are characterized by compensatory use of internet games, as well as added new perspectives to the understanding of addiction mechanisms in narcissists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-feng Gao
- Institute of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai-lei Lian
- College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zong-kui Zhou
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Bäcklund C, Elbe P, Gavelin HM, Sörman DE, Ljungberg JK. Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:667-688. [PMID: 36094861 PMCID: PMC9872536 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available literature on the relationship between gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms. Specifically, to (1) explore what gaming motivation questionnaires and classifications are used in studies on gaming disorder symptoms and (2) investigate the relationship between motivational factors and symptoms of gaming disorder. METHOD An electronic database search was conducted via EBSCO (MEDLINE and PsycINFO) and the Web of Science Core Collection. All studies using validated measurements on gaming disorder symptoms and gaming motivations and available correlation coefficients of the relationship between gaming disorder and gaming motivations were included. The meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. RESULTS In total, 49 studies (k = 58 independent sub-samples), including 51,440 participants, out of which 46 studies (k = 55 sub-samples, n = 49,192 participants) provided data for the meta-analysis. The synthesis identified fourteen different gaming motivation instruments, seven unique motivation models, and 26 motivational factors. The meta-analysis showed statistically significant associations between gaming disorder symptoms and 23 out of 26 motivational factors, with the majority of the pooled mean effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. Moreover, large heterogeneity was observed, and the calculated prediction intervals indicated substantial variation in effects across populations and settings. Motivations related to emotional escape were robustly associated with gaming disorder symptoms. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis reinforces the importance of motivational factors in understanding problematic gaming behavior. The analysis showed significant heterogeneity in most outcomes, warranting further investigation. REGISTRATION DETAIL PROSPERO (CRD42020220050).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bäcklund
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Laboratorievägen 14, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Pia Elbe
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Laboratorievägen 14, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Eriksson Sörman
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Laboratorievägen 14, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jessica K. Ljungberg
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Laboratorievägen 14, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
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Russo A, Santoro G, Schimmenti A. Interpersonal Guilt and Problematic Online Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2022; 19:236-247. [PMID: 36101646 PMCID: PMC9442854 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The positive association between problematic Internet use (PIU) and emotion dysregulation (ED) is well documented. Research has also found that interpersonal guilt is positively associated with ED. Nevertheless, the influence of interpersonal guilt on PIU has been scarcely examined. In the current study, we investigated the relationships among the three constructs, and tested if emotion dysregulation mediates the association between interpersonal guilt and different types of PIU, namely problematic online gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic online pornography use. METHOD A sample of 434 adult participants (210 males, 48.4%) aged between 18 and 69 years old completed self-reported measures on interpersonal guilt, ED, and PIU. A structural equation modeling (SEM) framework was used to test the mediation models. RESULTS SEM analyses showed that ED mediates the relationship between interpersonal guilt as antecedent, and problematic online gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic online pornography use as outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that emotion dysregulation deriving from experiences of interpersonal guilt can amplify the risk of using gaming, social media, and online pornography in a problematic way. Implications for prevention and treatment of PIU are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy,Corresponding author Dr. Angela Russo, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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Hamzehzadeh M, Sangchooli A, Farnam R, Rafiemanesh H, Shadloo B, Ghani K, Jobehdar MM, Amin-Esmaeili M, Rahimi J, Demetrovics Z, Király O, Rahimi-Movaghar A. Psychometric Assessment of the Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire Among Iranian Gamers. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:333-340. [PMID: 35505458 PMCID: PMC9136521 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gaming motivations are crucial aspects of healthy and problematic video gaming behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the widely used Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire (MOGQ). METHODS Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a sample of 66 university students. Data from 791 participants in an online survey of Iranian online gamers were examined to assess convergent validity and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency of MOGQ factors was assessed in both samples. RESULTS The item content validity index (I-CVI) and the scale content validity index (S-CVI) were between 0.8 and 1.0 for clarity and relevancy. The test-retest reliability of the 27-item questionnaire was 0.85 and internal consistency was 0.94. After incorporating additional error paths, model fit improved to an acceptable level. The MOGQ factors had acceptable correlations with relevant motivational scales such as Gaming Motivation Scale and Player Experience of Need Satisfaction. Recreation motives had the highest average score in the sample and social ones had the lowest, and males scored higher than females across all motivation domains except escape. CONCLUSION The MOGQ is a suitable instrument for the assessment of online gaming motivations in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Hamzehzadeh
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rabert Farnam
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Rafiemanesh
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Behrang Shadloo
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Ghani
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Mardaneh Jobehdar
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Rahimi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Evidence on Problematic Online Gaming and Social Anxiety over the Past Ten Years: a Systematic Literature Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The present study aimed to review the literature concerning the relationship between problematic online gaming (POG) and social anxiety, taking into account the variables implicated in this relationship. This review included studies published between 2010 and 2020 that were indexed in major databases with the following keywords: Internet gaming, disorder, addiction, problematic, social phobia, and social anxiety.
Recent Findings
In recent years, scientific interest in POG has grown dramatically. Within this prolific research field, difficulties associated with social anxiety have been increasingly explored in relation to POG. Indeed, evidence showed that individuals who experience social anxiety are more exposed to the risk of developing an excessive or addictive gaming behavior.
Summary
A total of 30 studies satisfied the initial inclusion criteria and were included in the present literature review. Several reviewed studies found a strong association between social anxiety and online gaming disorder. Furthermore, the relationships among social anxiety, POG, age, and psychosocial and comorbid factors were largely explored. Overall, the present review showed that socially anxious individuals might perceive online video games as safer social environments than face-to-face interactions, predisposing individuals to the POG. However, in a mutually reinforcing relationship, individuals with higher POG seem to show higher social anxiety. Therefore, despite online gaming might represent an activity able to alleviate psychopathological symptoms and/or negative emotional states, people might use online gaming to counterbalance distress or negative situations in everyday life, carrying out a maladaptive coping strategy.
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Costanzo A, Santoro G, Russo S, Cassarà MS, Midolo LR, Billieux J, Schimmenti A. Attached to Virtual Dreams: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Problematic Social Media Use. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:656-664. [PMID: 34448734 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Maladaptive daydreaming describes excessive fantasy activity that interferes with an individual's life. Surprisingly, the precursors of maladaptive daydreaming and its role in excessive involvement in virtual worlds have been scarcely investigated. In the current study, we examined the relationships among attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of community-dwelling adults. Eight hundred seventy-seven participants between 18 and 68 years old were recruited via an online survey and asked to fill out self-reported measures on attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and PSMU. Mediation analyses showed that maladaptive daydreaming is a significant mediator in the relationships between preoccupied and fearful attachment styles and PSMU, suggesting that maladaptive daydreaming partly explains the established link between insecure attachment styles and excessive use of social media. Individuals with PSMU fostered by maladaptive daydreaming may benefit from clinical interventions that promote the use of adaptive regulatory strategies to develop feelings of security and self-confidence that may serve to reduce the excessive involvement in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Costanzo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Santi Russo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Cassarà
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Midolo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
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12
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Giordano C, Lo Coco G, Salerno L, Di Blasi M. The role of emotion dysregulation in adolescents’ problematic smartphone use: A study on adolescent/parents triads. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Somer E, Abu-Rayya HM, Schimmenti A, Metin B, Brenner R, Ferrante E, Göçmen B, Marino A. Heightened Levels of Maladaptive Daydreaming Are Associated With COVID-19 Lockdown, Pre-existing Psychiatric Diagnoses, and Intensified Psychological Dysfunctions: A Multi-country Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:587455. [PMID: 33240135 PMCID: PMC7667241 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.587455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading globally since December 2019, bringing with it anxieties, mortal risk, and agonizing psychological suffering. This study aimed to explore the relationship between maladaptive daydreaming (MD)-an addictive mental behavior to vivid fantasy associated with distress and functional impairment-and forced COVID-19 pandemic-related self-isolation and quarantine. Previous literature indicated that individuals employ MD for the regulation of distress and boredom, wish fulfillment, and entertainment experiences. The literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health identifies a flareup in psychological difficulties in the general population. In this study we explored the associations between the pandemic threat and mental health indices among individuals with MD. We surveyed 1,565 adults from over 70 countries who responded to calls for participants posted in online MD communities and other general social media sites. Probable MD was determined based on an empirically derived cut-off score on a pertinent measure. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, a series of MANCOVAs, followed by post-hoc ANCOVAs, revealed that individuals with probable MD who were observing lockdown restrictions reported having spent more time in fantasy, experienced more intense and vivid daydreaming, and had a stronger urge to daydream than other participants. Similar statistical procedures indicated that, individuals with probable MD who reported pre-existing anxiety and depression disorders described a greater urge to daydream due to the pandemic and greater difficulty to control this addictive behavior. Compared to individuals with likely normal daydreaming, individuals with suspected MD reported more pandemic-attributed deterioration on a wide array of psychological distress indices. Our data show that the current worldwide pandemic threat is connected with an elevated intensity of this addictive form of mental activity, and that MD is associated with the exacerbation of psychological distress and dysfunction rather than with beneficial regulation of the experienced stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Somer
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hisham M. Abu-Rayya
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Bariş Metin
- Psychology Department, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reut Brenner
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Erika Ferrante
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Buse Göçmen
- Psychology Department, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alessia Marino
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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Mandryk RL, Frommel J, Armstrong A, Johnson D. How Passion for Playing World of Warcraft Predicts In-Game Social Capital, Loneliness, and Wellbeing. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2165. [PMID: 33071843 PMCID: PMC7533578 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Playing digital games can nurture wellbeing by helping players recover from daily stressors, cope with life's challenges, practice emotion regulation, and engage in meaningful social interaction; however, this same leisure activity can also result in problematic gaming (i.e., harmful play at the expense of healthy behaviors), and social isolation that damages wellbeing. Research consistently demonstrates that the value or harm of gaming on wellbeing cannot be determined solely from whether and how much people play, but rather depends on contingent factors related to the player, the game, and the gaming context. In this paper, we aim to model contingent factors that differentiate between beneficial and harmful outcomes within players of the same massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG). We model how passion for gaming—defined as a strong desire to engage in a beloved activity that is enjoyed and valued, in which time and energy is invested, and that ultimately integrates into a person's identity—affects loneliness and wellbeing. We employ the dualistic model that divides passion into harmonious passion (HP)—characterized by a balanced and authentic relationship with the beloved activity, and obsessive passion (OP)—characterized by preoccupation and inflexible persistence toward the loved activity. We sampled 300 frequent World of Warcraft (WoW) players, recruited from online forums, and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the effects of their passion for playing WoW on in-game social capital, loneliness, and wellbeing. We demonstrate that HP for playing WoW facilitates in-game social capital (both bridging and bonding), combats loneliness, and increases wellbeing, whereas OP also builds social capital, but these social ties do not combat loneliness, and OP is directly associated with increased loneliness. Further, the positive effect of HP on wellbeing is mediated through an increase in bonding social capital and a resulting decrease in loneliness. Our findings highlight that passion orientation is important for characterizing the relationship between gaming and wellbeing. We contribute to the conversation on combating problematic gaming, while also promoting digital gaming as an appealing leisure activity that provides enjoyment, recovery, and meaningful social interaction for the millions of gamers who benefit from its captivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan L Mandryk
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Julian Frommel
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ashley Armstrong
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Daniel Johnson
- School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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15
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The Role of Narcissism, Hyper-competitiveness and Maladaptive Coping Strategies on Male Adolescent Regular Gamblers: Two Mediation Models. J Gambl Stud 2020; 37:571-582. [DOI: 10.1007/s10899-020-09980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Peris M, de la Barrera U, Schoeps K, Montoya-Castilla I. Psychological Risk Factors that Predict Social Networking and Internet Addiction in Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4598. [PMID: 32604834 PMCID: PMC7344613 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents' addictive use of social media and the internet is an increasing concern among parents, teachers, researchers and society. The purpose was to examine the contribution of body self-esteem, personality traits, and demographic factors in the prediction of adolescents' addictive use of social media and the internet. The participants were 447 Spanish adolescents aged 13-16 years (M = 14.90, SD = 0.81, 56.2% women). We measured gender, age, body self-esteem (body satisfaction and physical attractiveness), personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, disinhibition and narcissism) and social networking and internet addiction (internet addiction symptoms, social media use, geek behaviour, and nomophobia). The effects of gender, age, body self-esteem and personality on the different dimensions of internet addiction were estimated, conducting hierarchical linear multiple regression analysis and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The results evidenced different pathways explaining four types of adolescents' internet addiction: gender and disinhibition were the most relevant predictors of addiction symptoms; gender combined with physical attractiveness best explained social media use; narcissism and neuroticism appear to be the most relevant predictors of geek behaviour; and narcissism was the variable that best explained nomophobia. Furthermore, the advantages and differences between both methodologies (regressions vs. QCA) were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Peris
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of the Basque Country, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Usue de la Barrera
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Konstanze Schoeps
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
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