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Chen X, Lv R, Li M, Zhang L, Sun Y, Cao N, Gu B. The serotonin(5-HT)2A receptor is involved in the hypersensitivity of bladder afferent neurons in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 982:176909. [PMID: 39154826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic bladder inflammation characterized by the main symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain. The hypersensitivity of bladder afferent neurons is considered a significant pathophysiologic mechanism in IC/PBS. Serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors are known to be involved in the regulation of the micturition reflex and hyperalgesia, but the effect of 5-HT receptors on cystitis remains unknown. In this study, a rat model of interstitial cystitis induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CYP) was used to investigate the role of 5-HT receptors on cystitis. The histology and urodynamics exhibited chronic cystitis and overactive bladder in CYP-treated rats. Notably, among 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A and 5-HT7 receptors, the expression of 5-HT2A receptor was significantly increased in bladder afferent neurons in CYP-treated rats. Intrathecal administration of the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907 could alleviate bladder overactivity and hyperalgesia in CYP-induced cystitis rats. Neuronal calcium imaging of bladder afferent neurons revealed increased calcium influx induced by the 5-HT2A receptor agonist or capsaicin in cystitis rats, which could be inhibited by M100907. Moreover, RNA sequencing indicated that differentially expressed genes were enriched in inflammation-related pathways and cellular calcium homeostasis. These findings suggest that the 5-HT2A receptor is involved in the hypersensitivity of bladder afferent neurons in CYP-induced cystitis, and M100907 could alleviate bladder overactivity and hyperalgesia in CYP-induced cystitis by inhibiting neuronal hypersensitivity in the afferent pathways. The 5-HT2A receptor may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IC/BPS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cyclophosphamide
- Urinary Bladder/drug effects
- Urinary Bladder/innervation
- Urinary Bladder/pathology
- Urinary Bladder/metabolism
- Neurons, Afferent/metabolism
- Neurons, Afferent/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Cystitis/chemically induced
- Cystitis/metabolism
- Cystitis/pathology
- Female
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Cystitis, Interstitial/chemically induced
- Cystitis, Interstitial/metabolism
- Cystitis, Interstitial/drug therapy
- Cystitis, Interstitial/pathology
- Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/chemically induced
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/physiopathology
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/drug therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Lv
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhuo Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nailong Cao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baojun Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth's People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Jin D, Yang H, Chen Z, Hong Y, Ma H, Xu Z, Cao B, Fei F, Zhang Y, Wu W, Tang L, Sun R, Wang C, Li J. Effect of the novel anti-NGF monoclonal antibody DS002 on the metabolomics of pain mediators, cartilage and bone. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396790. [PMID: 39188953 PMCID: PMC11345146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The anti-nerve growth factor antibody class of drugs interrupts signaling by blocking NGF binding to TrkA receptors for the treatment of pain; however, this target class of drugs has been associated with serious adverse effects in the joints during clinical trials. DS002 is a novel anti-nerve growth factor antibody drug independently developed by Guangdong Dashi Pharmaceuticals. The main purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between DS002 and pain as well as cartilage and bone metabolism with the help of metabolomics technology and the principle of enzyme-linked reaction, and to examine whether DS002 will produce serious adverse effects in joints caused by its same target class of drugs, in order to provide more scientific basis for the safety and efficacy of DS002. Our results showed that DS002 mainly affected the metabolism of aromatic amino acids and other metabolites, of which six metabolites, l -phenylalanine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine hydrochloride, 3-indolepropionic acid, kynuric acid, and kynurenine, were significantly altered, which may be related to the effectiveness of DS002 in treating pain. In addition, there were no significant changes in biological indicators related to cartilage and bone metabolism in vivo, suggesting that DS002 would not have a significant effect on cartilage and bone metabolism, so we hypothesize that DS002 may not produce the serious adverse effects in joints caused by its fellow target analogs. Therefore, the Anti-NGF analgesic drug DS002 has the potential to become a promising drug in the field of analgesia, providing pain patients with an efficient treatment option without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Jin
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyi Yang
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyou Chen
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Hong
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hehua Ma
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Weitao Wu
- Dartsbio Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Dartsbio Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhe Wang
- Dartsbio Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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3
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Sciatic nerve stimulation alleviates acute neuropathic pain via modulation of neuroinflammation and descending pain inhibition in a rodent model. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:153. [PMID: 35706025 PMCID: PMC9199305 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain (NP) is characterized by abnormal activation of pain conducting pathways and manifests as mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity. Peripheral nerve stimulation is used for treatment of medically refractory chronic NP and has been shown to reduce neuroinflammation. However, whether sciatic nerve stimulation (SNS) is of therapeutic benefit to NP remains unclear. Moreover, the optimal frequency for SNS is unknown. To address this research gap, we investigated the effect of SNS in an acute NP rodent model. Methods Rats with right L5 nerve root ligation (NRL) or Sham surgery were used. Ipsilateral SNS was performed at 2 Hz, 20 Hz, and 60 Hz frequencies. Behavioral tests were performed to assess pain and thermal hypersensitivity before and after NRL and SNS. Expression of inflammatory proteins in the L5 spinal cord and the immunohistochemical alterations of spinal cord astrocytes and microglia were examined on post-injury day 7 (PID7) following NRL and SNS. The involvement of the descending pain modulatory pathway was also investigated. Results Following NRL, the rats showed a decreased pain threshold and latency on the von Frey and Hargreaves tests. The immunofluorescence results indicated hyperactivation of superficial spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) neurons. Both 2-Hz and 20-Hz SNS alleviated pain behavior and hyperactivation of SCDH neurons. On PID7, NRL resulted in elevated expression of spinal cord inflammatory proteins including NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which was mitigated by 2-Hz and 20-Hz SNS. Furthermore, 2-Hz and 20-Hz SNS suppressed the activation of spinal cord astrocytes and microglia following NRL on PID7. Activity of the descending serotoninergic pain modulation pathway showed an increase early on PID1 following 2-Hz and 20-Hz SNS. Conclusions Our results support that both 2-Hz and 20-Hz SNS can alleviate NP behaviors and hyperactivation of pain conducting pathways. We showed that SNS regulates neuroinflammation and reduces inflammatory protein expression, astrocytic gliosis, and microglia activation. During the early post-injury period, SNS also facilitates the descending pain modulatory pathway. Taken together, these findings support the therapeutic potential of SNS for acute NP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02513-y.
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Abstract
The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) 2A receptor is most well known as the common target for classic psychedelic compounds. Interestingly, the 5-HT2A receptor is the most widely expressed mammalian serotonin receptor and is found in nearly every examined tissue type including neural, endocrine, endothelial, immune, and muscle, suggesting it could be a novel and pharmacological target for several types of disorders. Despite this, the bulk of research on the 5-HT2A receptor is focused on its role in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, activation of 5-HT2A receptors has emerged as a new anti-inflammatory strategy. This review will describe recent findings regarding psychedelics as anti-inflammatory compounds, as well as parse out differences in functional selectivity and immune regulation that exist between a number of well-known hallucinogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Charles D Nichols
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Retamal JS, Grace MS, Dill LK, Ramirez-Garcia P, Peng S, Gondin AB, Bennetts F, Alvi S, Rajasekhar P, Almazi JG, Carbone SE, Bunnett NW, Davis TP, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, McIntyre P. Serotonin-induced vascular permeability is mediated by transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 in the airways and upper gastrointestinal tract of mice. J Transl Med 2021; 101:851-864. [PMID: 33859334 PMCID: PMC8047529 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial and epithelial cells form physical barriers that modulate the exchange of fluid and molecules. The integrity of these barriers can be influenced by signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ion channels. Serotonin (5-HT) is an important vasoactive mediator of tissue edema and inflammation. However, the mechanisms that drive 5-HT-induced plasma extravasation are poorly defined. The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel is an established enhancer of signaling by GPCRs that promote inflammation and endothelial barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the role of TRPV4 in 5-HT-induced plasma extravasation using pharmacological and genetic approaches. Activation of either TRPV4 or 5-HT receptors promoted significant plasma extravasation in the airway and upper gastrointestinal tract of mice. 5-HT-mediated extravasation was significantly reduced by pharmacological inhibition of the 5-HT2A receptor subtype, or with antagonism or deletion of TRPV4, consistent with functional interaction between 5-HT receptors and TRPV4. Inhibition of receptors for the neuropeptides substance P (SP) or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) diminished 5-HT-induced plasma extravasation. Supporting studies assessing treatment of HUVEC with 5-HT, CGRP, or SP was associated with ERK phosphorylation. Exposure to the TRPV4 activator GSK1016790A, but not 5-HT, increased intracellular Ca2+ in these cells. However, 5-HT pre-treatment enhanced GSK1016790A-mediated Ca2+ signaling, consistent with sensitization of TRPV4. The functional interaction was further characterized in HEK293 cells expressing 5-HT2A to reveal that TRPV4 enhances the duration of 5-HT-evoked Ca2+ signaling through a PLA2 and PKC-dependent mechanism. In summary, this study demonstrates that TRPV4 contributes to 5-HT2A-induced plasma extravasation in the airways and upper GI tract, with evidence supporting a mechanism of action involving SP and CGRP release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffri S Retamal
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan S Grace
- School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Larissa K Dill
- School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paulina Ramirez-Garcia
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Scott Peng
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Arisbel B Gondin
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Felix Bennetts
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sadia Alvi
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Pradeep Rajasekhar
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Juhura G Almazi
- School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Simona E Carbone
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Peter McIntyre
- School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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6
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Sachau J, Bruckmueller H, Gierthmühlen J, Magerl W, May D, Binder A, Forstenpointner J, Koetting J, Maier C, Tölle TR, Treede RD, Berthele A, Caliebe A, Diesch C, Flor H, Huge V, Maihöfner C, Rehm S, Kersebaum D, Fabig SC, Vollert J, Rolke R, Stemmler S, Sommer C, Westermann A, Cascorbi I, Baron R. The serotonin receptor 2A (HTR2A) rs6313 variant is associated with higher ongoing pain and signs of central sensitization in neuropathic pain patients. Eur J Pain 2020; 25:595-611. [PMID: 33171011 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serotonin receptor 2A (HTR2A) has been described as an important facilitation mediator of spinal nociceptive processing leading to central sensitization (CS) in animal models of chronic pain. However, whether HTR2A single nucleotide variants (SNVs) modulate neuropathic pain states in patients has not been investigated so far. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential association of HTR2A variants with sensory abnormalities or ongoing pain in neuropathic pain patients. METHODS At total of 240 neuropathic pain patients and 253 healthy volunteers were included. Patients were phenotypically characterized using standardized quantitative sensory testing (QST). Patients and controls were genotyped for HTR2A g.-1438G > A (rs6311) and c.102C > T (rs6313). Genotype-related differences in QST parameters were assessed considering QST profile clusters, principal somatosensory components and sex. RESULTS There was an equal distribution of rs6313 and linked rs6311 between patients and controls. However, the rs6313 variant was significantly associated with a principal component of pinprick hyperalgesia and dynamic mechanical allodynia, indicating enhanced CS in patients with sensory loss (-0.34 ± 0.15 vs. +0.31 ± 0.11 vs., p < .001). In this cluster, the variant allele was also associated with single QST parameters of pinprick hyperalgesia (MPT, +0.64 ± 0.18 vs. -0.34 ± 0.23 p = .002; MPS, +0.66 ± 0.17 vs. -0.09 ± 0.23, p = .009) and ongoing pain was increased by 30%. CONCLUSIONS The specific association of the rs6313 variant with pinprick hyperalgesia and increased levels of ongoing pain suggests that the HTR2A receptor might be an important modulator in the development of CS in neuropathic pain. SIGNIFICANCE This article presents new insights into serotonin receptor 2A-mediating mechanisms of central sensitization in neuropathic pain patients. The rs6313 variant allele was associated with increased mechanical pinprick sensitivity and increased levels of ongoing pain supporting a contribution of central sensitization in the genesis of ongoing pain providing a possible route for mechanism-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Sachau
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henrike Bruckmueller
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Janne Gierthmühlen
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Walter Magerl
- Chair of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Denisa May
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Binder
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Forstenpointner
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Judith Koetting
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Maier
- Department of Pain Management, BG Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas R Tölle
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Chair of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Amke Caliebe
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carolin Diesch
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, Central Institute for Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Huge
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Christian Maihöfner
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital Fürth, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Rehm
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dilara Kersebaum
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sophie-Charlotte Fabig
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Vollert
- Chair of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roman Rolke
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Stemmler
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommer
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Westermann
- Department of Pain Management, BG Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Baron
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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7
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The Role of Descending Pain Modulation in Chronic Primary Pain: Potential Application of Drugs Targeting Serotonergic System. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:1389296. [PMID: 31933624 PMCID: PMC6942873 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1389296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic primary pain (CPP) is a group of diseases with long-term pain and functional disorders but without structural or specific tissue pathologies. CPP is becoming a serious health problem in clinical practice due to the unknown cause of intractable pain and high cost of health care yet has not been satisfactorily addressed. During the past decades, a significant role for the descending pain modulation and alterations due to specific diseases of CPP has been emphasized. It has been widely established that central sensitization and alterations in neuroplasticity induced by the enhancement of descending pain facilitation and/or the impairment of descending pain inhibition can explain many chronic pain states including CPP. The descending serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei target receptors along the descending pain circuits and exert either pro- or antinociceptive effects in different pain conditions. In this review, we summarize the possible underlying descending pain regulation mechanisms in CPP and the role of serotonin, thus providing evidence for potential application of analgesic medications based on the serotonergic system in CPP patients.
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8
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Paredes S, Cantillo S, Candido KD, Knezevic NN. An Association of Serotonin with Pain Disorders and Its Modulation by Estrogens. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5729. [PMID: 31731606 PMCID: PMC6888666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hormones play an important role in pain perception, and are responsible, at least in part, for the pain threshold differences between the sexes. Modulation of pain and its perception are mediated by neurochemical changes in several pathways, affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems. One of the most studied neurotransmitters related to pain disorders is serotonin. Estrogen can modify serotonin synthesis and metabolism, promoting a general increase in its tonic effects. Studies evaluating the relationship between serotonin and disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, migraine, and other types of headache suggest a clear impact of this neurotransmitter, thereby increasing the interest in serotonin as a possible future therapeutic target. This literature review describes the importance of substances such as serotonin and ovarian hormones in pain perception and illustrates the relationship between those two, and their direct influence on the presentation of the aforementioned pain-related conditions. Additionally, we review the pathways and receptors implicated in each disorder. Finally, the objective was to stimulate future pharmacological research to experimentally evaluate the potential of serotonin modulators and ovarian hormones as therapeutic agents to regulate pain in specific subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephania Paredes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 W. Wellington Ave. Suite 4815, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (S.P.); (S.C.); (K.D.C.)
| | - Santiago Cantillo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 W. Wellington Ave. Suite 4815, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (S.P.); (S.C.); (K.D.C.)
| | - Kenneth D. Candido
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 W. Wellington Ave. Suite 4815, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (S.P.); (S.C.); (K.D.C.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 W. Wellington Ave. Suite 4815, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; (S.P.); (S.C.); (K.D.C.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Li SY, Li ZX, He ZG, Wang Q, Li YJ, Yang Q, Wu DZ, Zeng HL, Xiang HB. Quantitative proteomics reveal the alterations in the spinal cord after myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1877-1887. [PMID: 31545482 PMCID: PMC6777674 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is now substantial evidence that myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion (IR) injury affects the spinal cord and brain, and that interactions may exist between these two systems. In the present study, the spinal cord proteomes were systematically analyzed after myocardial IR injury, in an attempt to identify the proteins involved in the processes. The myocardial IR injury rat model was first established by cross clamping the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30‑min ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 2 h, which resulted in a significant histopathological and functional myocardial injury. Then using the stable isotope dimethyl labeling quantitative proteomics strategy, a total of 2,362 shared proteins with a good distribution and correlation were successfully quantified. Among these proteins, 33 were identified which were upregulated and 57 were downregulated in the spinal cord after myocardial IR injury, which were involved in various biological processes, molecular function and cellular components. Based on these proteins, the spinal cord protein interaction network regulated by IR injury, including apoptosis, microtubule dynamics, stress‑activated signaling and cellular metabolism was established. These heart‑spinal cord interactions help explain the apparent randomness of cardiac events and provide new insights into future novel therapies to prevent myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Quanzhou Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Juan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430076, P.R. China
| | - Duo-Zhi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Long Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 470030, P.R. China
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Morgan M, Deuis JR, Frøsig-Jørgensen M, Lewis RJ, Cabot PJ, Gray PD, Vetter I. Burn Pain: A Systematic and Critical Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment. PAIN MEDICINE 2019; 19:708-734. [PMID: 29036469 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review aims to examine the available literature on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of burn-induced pain. Methods A search was conducted on the epidemiology of burn injury and treatment of burn pain utilizing the database Medline, and all relevant articles were systemically reviewed. In addition, a critical review was performed on the pathophysiology of burn pain and animal models of burn pain. Results The search on the epidemiology of burn injury yielded a total of 163 publications of interest, 72 of which fit the inclusion/exclusion criteria, with no publications providing epidemiological data on burn injury pain management outcomes. The search on the treatment of burn pain yielded a total of 213 publications, 14 of which fit the inclusion/exclusion criteria, highlighting the limited amount of evidence available on the treatment of burn-induced pain. Conclusions The pathophysiology of burn pain is poorly understood, with limited clinical trials available to assess the effectiveness of analgesics in burn patients. Further studies are needed to identify new pharmacological targets and treatments for the effective management of burn injury pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morgan
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Deuis
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Majbrit Frøsig-Jørgensen
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter J Cabot
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Wooloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul D Gray
- Tess Cramond Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Metro North Health, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Wooloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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Cortes-Altamirano JL, Olmos-Hernandez A, Jaime HB, Carrillo-Mora P, Bandala C, Reyes-Long S, Alfaro-Rodríguez A. Review: 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3 and 5-HT7 Receptors and their Role in the Modulation of Pain Response in the Central Nervous System. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:210-221. [PMID: 28901281 PMCID: PMC5883380 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170911121027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this review was to identify the mechanisms by which serotonin receptors involved at the central level are able to modulate the nociceptive response. Pain is a defense mechanism of the body that entails physiological, anatomical, neurochemical, and psychological changes, and is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience with potential risk of tissue damage, comprising the leading cause of appointments with Physicians worldwide. Treatment for this symptom has generated several neuropharmacological lines of research, due to the different types of pain and the various drugs employed to treat this condition. Serotonin [5- HydroxyTryptamine (5-HT)] is a neurotransmitter with seven families (5-HT1-5-HT7) and approximately 15 receptor subtypes. Serotonin modulates neuronal activity; however, this neurotransmitter is related with a number of physiological processes, such as cardiovascular function, gastric motility, renal function, etc. On the other hand, several researches reported that serotonin modulates nociceptive response through 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, and 5-HT7 receptors in the Central Nervous System (CNS). METHOD In this review, a search was conducted on PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and the Science Citation Index for studies evaluating the effects of 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, and 5-HT7 receptors in the CNS on the modulation of different types of pain. CONCLUSION We concluded that 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, and 5-HT7 receptors in the CNS modulate the pain, but this depends on the distribution of the receptors, dose of agonists or antagonists, administration route, pain type and duration in order to inhibit, excite, or even maintain the nociceptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Cortes-Altamirano
- PhD Program in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa-Xochimilco- Cuajimalpa, Mexico, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F. 04960, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernandez
- Departament of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Secretaria de Salud, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Mexico, D.F. 14389, Mexico
| | - Herlinda Bonilla Jaime
- Departament of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Campus Iztapalapa, Mexico, D.F. 09340, Mexico
| | - Paul Carrillo-Mora
- Departament of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Secretaria de Salud, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Mexico, D.F. 14389, Mexico
| | - Cindy Bandala
- Departament of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Secretaria de Salud, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Mexico, D.F. 14389, Mexico
| | - Samuel Reyes-Long
- Departament of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Secretaria de Salud, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Mexico, D.F. 14389, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Departament of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Secretaria de Salud, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Mexico, D.F. 14389, Mexico
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Ferland CE, Teles AR, Ingelmo P, Saran N, Marchand S, Ouellet JA. Blood monoamines as potential biomarkers for conditioned pain modulation efficacy: An exploratory study in paediatrics. Eur J Pain 2018; 23:327-340. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Ferland
- McGill Scoliosis and Spine Group; Montreal Québec Canada
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada; Montreal Québec Canada
- McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Québec Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain; Montreal Québec Canada
- Department of Anesthesia; McGill University; Montreal Québec Canada
| | - Alisson R. Teles
- McGill Scoliosis and Spine Group; Montreal Québec Canada
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada; Montreal Québec Canada
- McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Québec Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain; Montreal Québec Canada
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics; McGill University; Montreal Québec Canada
| | - Pablo Ingelmo
- McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Québec Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain; Montreal Québec Canada
- Department of Anesthesia; McGill University; Montreal Québec Canada
| | - Neil Saran
- McGill Scoliosis and Spine Group; Montreal Québec Canada
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada; Montreal Québec Canada
- McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Québec Canada
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics; McGill University; Montreal Québec Canada
| | - Serge Marchand
- Department of Surgery; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Jean A. Ouellet
- McGill Scoliosis and Spine Group; Montreal Québec Canada
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada; Montreal Québec Canada
- McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Québec Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain; Montreal Québec Canada
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics; McGill University; Montreal Québec Canada
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13
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Sex Differences and Estrous Cycle Effects of Peripheral Serotonin-Evoked Rodent Pain Behaviors. Neuroscience 2018; 384:87-100. [PMID: 29800719 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Many persistent pain conditions occur predominantly in women making pain a major women's health issue. One theory for the prevalence in females is hormone modulation of pain mechanisms. The peripheral release of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5HT) has been implicated in various sexually dimorphic pain conditions; yet no studies have examined the effect of ovarian hormones on peripheral 5HT-evoked pain behaviors. We hypothesized that peripheral 5HT evokes greater pain behaviors in female rodents during estrus and/or proestrus, stages of the estrous cycle where ovarian hormones are greatly fluctuating. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) from each stage of the estrous cycle, ovariectomized females, and intact males received an intraplantar hindpaw injection of 5HT (2 μg/100 μL) or saline (n = 6 per group) and thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, or edema was measured at 0, 10, 20 and 30 min post-injection. A separate group of rats received an ipsilateral injection of the selective 5HT2A antagonist, M100907, 15 min prior to 5HT injection. We report that females in proestrus and estrus exhibited significantly greater and/or longer lasting pain behaviors compared to males, females in diestrus, and ovariectomized females. There were no significant sex differences or estrous cycle effects on 5HT-evoked edema or 5HT content in inflamed hindpaws. Local pretreatment with the 5HT2A receptor antagonist blocked 5HT-evoked thermal hyperalgesia and edema. These data provide evidence of a modulatory role of hormones on peripheral 5HT-evoked pain occurring via the 5HT2A receptor.
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Acid-Sensing Ion Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3728096. [PMID: 29056828 PMCID: PMC5625748 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3728096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are a family of proton-sensing channels that are voltage insensitive, cation selective (mostly permeable to Na+), and nonspecifically blocked by amiloride. Derived from 5 genes (ACCN1-5), 7 subunits have been identified, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, and 5, that are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system as well as other tissues. Over the years, different studies have shown that activation of these channels is linked to various physiological and pathological processes, such as memory, learning, fear, anxiety, ischemia, and multiple sclerosis to name a few, so their potential as therapeutic targets is increasing. This review focuses on recent advances that have helped us to better understand the role played by ASICs in different pathologies related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory processes, and pain.
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15
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Lynch JJ, Van Vleet TR, Mittelstadt SW, Blomme EAG. Potential functional and pathological side effects related to off-target pharmacological activity. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 87:108-126. [PMID: 28216264 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Most pharmaceutical companies test their discovery-stage proprietary molecules in a battery of in vitro pharmacology assays to try to determine off-target interactions. During all phases of drug discovery and development, various questions arise regarding potential side effects associated with such off-target pharmacological activity. Here we present a scientific literature curation effort undertaken to determine and summarize the most likely functional and pathological outcomes associated with interactions at 70 receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transporters with established links to adverse effects. To that end, the scientific literature was reviewed using an on-line database, and the most commonly reported effects were summarized in tabular format. The resultant table should serve as a practical guide for research scientists and clinical investigators for the prediction and interpretation of adverse side effects associated with molecules interacting with components of this screening battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Lynch
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | | | | | - Eric A G Blomme
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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16
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Abstract
Pain is more than merely nociception and response, but rather it encompasses emotional, behavioral and cognitive components that make up the pain experience. With the recent advances in imaging techniques, we now understand that nociceptive inputs can result in the activation of complex interactions among central sites, including cortical regions that are active in cognitive, emotional and reward functions. These sites can have a bimodal influence on the serotonergic and noradrenergic descending pain modulatory systems via communications among the periaqueductal gray, rostral ventromedial medulla and pontine noradrenergic nuclei, ultimately either facilitating or inhibiting further nociceptive inputs. Understanding these systems can help explain the emotional and cognitive influences on pain perception and placebo/nocebo effects, and can help guide development of better pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena De Felice
- The University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine & Surgery, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Michael H Ossipov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724-5050, USA
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17
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Kesic M, Tvrdeic A, Kolaric D, Stojkovic R, Cicin-Sain L. Serotonergic modulation of pain and analgesic responses: a study in rats with constitutionally altered serotonin transporters. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:508-15. [PMID: 25070859 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A role of the serotonin (5HT) transporter, a key regulator of serotonergic transmission, in the physiology, pharmacology and genetics of pain responses has been proposed recently. The present study aimed to explore the impact of constitutive differences in the activity of the serotonin transporter, and 5HT homeostasis in general, on the modulation on pain sensitivity and analgesic responses to drugs that utilize 5HT mechanisms. METHODS A novel genetic animal model, Wistar-Zagreb 5HT rats, obtained by selective breeding of animals for extreme activity of the platelet serotonin transporter was used. As a consequence of breeding, two sublines of this model, termed high-5HT and low-5HT, differ in both central and peripheral serotonin homeostasis. Thermal pain sensitivity of 5HT sublines was assessed at baseline and following administration of analgesic drugs, as determined by paw withdrawal latency to radiant heat stimulation. RESULTS Animals from 5HT sublines show differences in both basal pain sensitivity and analgesic responses. Rats with the low-5HT phenotype displayed decreased baseline paw withdrawal latencies (hyperalgesia) in comparison to their high-5HT counterpart (25%; p < 0.001). They also showed better analgesic response to acute and prolonged treatment with tramadol (p = 0.027) and clomipramine (p = 0.019), respectively, whereas administration of fluvoxamine did not produce an analgesic effect in either 5HT subline. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the idea that functionality of the serotonin transporter is one of the physiological/genetic determinants of individual differences in pain responses and modulation. They also validate Wistar-Zagreb 5HT rats, with constitutionally up-regulated/down-regulated serotonin transporter, as a potential new genetic model for studying serotonergic modulation of pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kesic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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18
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A rat model of full thickness thermal injury characterized by thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, pronociceptive peptide release and tramadol analgesia. Burns 2014; 40:759-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic pain is an important public health problem that negatively impacts quality of life of affected individuals and exacts an enormous socio-economic cost. Currently available therapeutics provide inadequate management of pain in many patients. Acute pain states generally resolve in most patients. However, for reasons that are poorly understood, in some individuals, acute pain can transform to a chronic state. Our understanding of the risk factors that underlie the development of chronic pain is limited. Recent studies have suggested an important contribution of dysfunction in descending pain modulatory circuits to pain 'chronification'. Human studies provide insights into possible endogenous and exogenous factors that may promote the conversion of pain into a chronic condition. RECENT FINDINGS Descending pain modulatory systems have been studied and characterized in animal models. Human brain imaging techniques, deep brain stimulation and the mechanisms of action of drugs that are effective in the treatment of pain confirm the clinical relevance of top-down pain modulatory circuits. Growing evidence supports the concept that chronic pain is associated with a dysregulation in descending pain modulation. Disruption of the balance of descending modulatory circuits to favour facilitation may promote and maintain chronic pain. Recent findings suggest that diminished descending inhibition is likely to be an important element in determining whether pain may become chronic. This view is consistent with the clinical success of drugs that enhance spinal noradrenergic activity, such as serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), in the treatment of chronic pain states. Consistent with this concept, a robust descending inhibitory system may be normally engaged to protect against the development of chronic pain. Imaging studies show that higher cortical and subcortical centres that govern emotional, motivational and cognitive processes communicate directly with descending pain modulatory circuits providing a mechanistic basis to explain how exogenous factors can influence the expression of chronic pain in a susceptible individual. SUMMARY Preclinical studies coupled with clinical pharmacologic and neuroimaging investigations have advanced our understanding of brain circuits that modulate pain. Descending pain facilitatory and inhibitory circuits arising ultimately in the brainstem provide mechanisms that can be engaged to promote or protect against pain 'chronification'. These systems interact with higher centres, thus providing a means through which exogenous factors can influence the risk of pain chronification. A greater understanding of the role of descending pain modulation can lead to novel therapeutic directions aimed at normalizing aberrant processes that can lead to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Ossipov
- Department of Pharmacology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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20
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Godínez-Chaparro B, López-Santillán FJ, Argüelles CF, Villalón CM, Granados-Soto V. Role of 5-HT1B/1D receptors in the reduction of formalin-induced nociception and secondary allodynia/hyperalgesia produced by antimigraine drugs in rats. Life Sci 2013; 92:1046-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Viguier F, Michot B, Hamon M, Bourgoin S. Multiple roles of serotonin in pain control mechanisms--implications of 5-HT₇ and other 5-HT receptor types. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:8-16. [PMID: 23500207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Among monoamine neurotransmitters, serotonin (5-HT) is known to play complex modulatory roles in pain signaling mechanisms since the first reports, about forty years ago, on its essentially pro-nociceptive effects at the periphery and anti-nociceptive effects when injected directly at the spinal cord level. The discovery of multiple 5-HT receptor subtypes allowed possible explanations to this dual action at the periphery versus the central nervous system (CNS) since both excitatory and inhibitory effects can be exerted through 5-HT activation of different 5-HT receptors. However, it also appeared that activation of the same receptor subtype at CNS level might induce variable effects depending on the physiological or pathophysiological status of the animal administered with agonists. In particular, the marked neuroplastic changes induced by nerve lesion, which account for sensitization of pain signaling mechanisms, can contribute to dramatic changes in the effects of a given 5-HT receptor agonist in neuropathic rats versus intact healthy rats. This has notably been observed with 5-HT₇ receptor agonists which exert a pronociceptive action in healthy rats but alleviate hyperalgesia consecutive to nerve lesion in neuropathic animals. Analysis of cellular mechanisms underlying such dual 5-HT actions mediated by a single receptor subtype indicates that the neuronal phenotype which expresses this receptor also plays a key role in determining which modulatory action 5-HT would finally exert on pain signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Viguier
- INSERM U894, CPN, Neuropsychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Pierre & Marie Curie, UPMC, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; University Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Neuropsychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Pierre & Marie Curie, UPMC, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France.
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Abstract
The male refractory period (MRP) continues to be a topic of discussion and debate within the field of sexual medicine. To date explanations rely on central descending (efferent) influences involving specific neurotransmitter systems. Herein we explore the issue of the male refractory period, identifying problems with current explanations, specifying the parameters of an adequate model, and suggesting possible mechanisms mediating this phenomenon. We review the literature regarding existing explanations for the MRP and look to other systems of physiological regulation that might provide a model for the conceptualization of the MRP. Our approach differs from traditional explanations in that it emphasizes the possible roles of various peripheral, rather than central, feedback (afferent) systems that affect peripheral autonomic functioning and response. Yet our approach is consistent with other peripheral regulatory feedback systems controlling autonomic response related to such processes as heart rate, respiration, and gut motility. Although direct empirical research supporting our approach is lacking, sufficient evidence exists to support the idea that such processes are not only possible but likely with respect to the male refractory period. We suggest several lines of research that might provide empirical support for this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Turley
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN, USA.
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Ossipov MH. The perception and endogenous modulation of pain. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:561761. [PMID: 24278716 PMCID: PMC3820628 DOI: 10.6064/2012/561761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pain is often perceived an unpleasant experience that includes sensory and emotional/motivational responses. Accordingly, pain serves as a powerful teaching signal enabling an organism to avoid injury, and is critical to survival. However, maladaptive pain, such as neuropathic or idiopathic pain, serves no survival function. Genomic studies of individuals with congenital insensitivity to pain or paroxysmal pain syndromes considerable increased our understanding of the function of peripheral nociceptors, and especially of the roles of voltage-gated sodium channels and of nerve growth factor (NGF)/TrkA receptors in nociceptive transduction and transmission. Brain imaging studies revealed a "pain matrix," consisting of cortical and subcortical regions that respond to noxious inputs and can positively or negatively modulate pain through activation of descending pain modulatory systems. Projections from the periaqueductal grey (PAG) and the rostroventromedial medulla (RVM) to the trigeminal and spinal dorsal horns can inhibit or promote further nociceptive inputs. The "pain matrix" can explain such varied phenomena as stress-induced analgesia, placebo effect and the role of expectation on pain perception. Disruptions in these systems may account for the existence idiopathic pan states such as fibromyalgia. Increased understanding of pain modulatory systems will lead to development of more effective therapeutics for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Ossipov
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Cervantes-Durán C, Pineda-Farias JB, Bravo-Hernández M, Quiñonez-Bastidas GN, Vidal-Cantú GC, Barragán-Iglesias P, Granados-Soto V. Evidence for the participation of peripheral 5-HT₂A, 5-HT₂B, and 5-HT₂C receptors in formalin-induced secondary mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. Neuroscience 2012; 232:169-81. [PMID: 23219842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of 5-HT₂A/₂B/₂C receptors in formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats was assessed. Formalin produced acute nociceptive behaviors (flinching and licking/lifting) followed by long-term secondary mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. Pre-treatment for five consecutive days with compound 48/80 (1, 3, 10, 10, and 10 μg/paw) prevented formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia. Ipsilateral, but not contralateral, peripheral pre-treatment (nmol/paw) with the 5-HT₂ receptor agonist DOI (3-30), 5-HT (10-100) or fluoxetine (0.3-3) significantly increased 0.5% formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia in both paws. The pronociceptive effect of DOI (10 nmol/paw), 5-HT (100 nmol/paw) and fluoxetine (1 nmol/paw) was blocked by selective 5-HT₂A (ketanserin), 5-HT₂B (RS-127445), and 5-HT₂C (RS-102221) receptor antagonists. Furthermore, ipsilateral pre-treatment (nmol/paw) with ketanserin (1, 10, and 100), RS-127445 (0.01, 0.1 and 1) or RS-102221 (1, 10 and 100) prevented while post-treatment reversed 1% formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia in both paws. In marked contrast, contralateral injection of the greatest tested dose of 5-HT₂A/₂B/₂C receptor antagonists did not modify long-lasting secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia. These results suggest that 5-HT released from mast cells after formalin injection sensitizes primary afferent neurons via 5-HT₂A/₂B/₂C receptors leading to the development and maintenance of secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cervantes-Durán
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - J B Pineda-Farias
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - M Bravo-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - G N Quiñonez-Bastidas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - G C Vidal-Cantú
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - P Barragán-Iglesias
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - V Granados-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico.
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Loyd DR, Henry MA, Hargreaves KM. Serotonergic neuromodulation of peripheral nociceptors. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2012; 24:51-7. [PMID: 23000387 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nociception, the encoding and processing of noxious environmental stimuli by sensory neurons, functions to protect an organism from bodily damage. Activation of the terminal endings of certain sensory neurons, termed nociceptors, triggers a train of impulses to neurons in the spinal cord. Signals are integrated and processed in the dorsal spinal cord and then projected to the brain where they elicit the perception of pain. A number of neuromodulators that can affect nociceptors are released in the periphery during the inflammation that follows an initial injury. Serotonin (5-HT) is a one such proinflammatory mediator. This review discusses our current understanding of the neuromodulatory role of 5-HT, and specifically how this monoamine activates and sensitizes nociceptors. Potential therapeutic targets to treat pain are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayna R Loyd
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Oliveira-Fusaro MCG, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Teixeira JM, Torres-Chávez KE, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. 5-HT induces temporomandibular joint nociception in rats through the local release of inflammatory mediators and activation of local β adrenoceptors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 102:458-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Role of peripheral and spinal 5-HT3 receptors in development and maintenance of formalin-induced long-term secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 101:246-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Role of peripheral and spinal 5-HT2B receptors in formalin-induced nociception. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 102:30-5. [PMID: 22476011 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study we assessed the role of local peripheral and spinal serotonin 2B (5-HT(2B)) receptors in rats submitted to the formalin test. For this, local peripheral ipsilateral, but not contralateral, administration of the highly selective 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist 2-amino-4-(4-fluoronaphth-1-yl)-6-isopropylpyridine (RS-127445, 0.01-1 nmol/paw) significantly prevented 1% formalin-induced flinching behavior. Moreover, local peripheral ipsilateral, but not contralateral, of the selective 5-HT(2) receptor agonist (±)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride (DOI, 1-10 nmol/paw) augmented 0.5% formalin-induced nociceptive behavior. The local pronociceptive effect of the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist DOI (10 nmol/paw) was significantly prevented by the local injection of RS-127445 (0.01 nmol/paw). Moreover, intrathecal injection of the selective 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist RS-127445 (0.1-10 nmol/rat) also prevented 1% formalin-induced nociceptive behavior. In contrast, spinal injection of the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist DOI (1-10 nmol/rat) significantly increased flinching behavior induced by 0.5% formalin. The spinal pronociceptive effect of the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist DOI (10 nmol/rat) was prevented by the intrathecal injection of the 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist RS-127445 (0.1 nmol/rat). Our results suggest that the 5-HT(2B) receptors play a pronociceptive role in peripheral as well as spinal sites in the rat formalin test. 5-HT(2B) receptors could be a target to develop analgesic drugs.
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Wang D, Chen T, Gao Y, Quirion R, Hong Y. Inhibition of SNL-induced upregulation of CGRP and NPY in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia by the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 101:379-86. [PMID: 22342663 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that topical and systemic administration of the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin attenuates neuropathic pain. To explore the mechanisms involved, we examined whether ketanserin reversed the plasticity changes associated with calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) which may reflect distinct mechanisms: involvement and compensatory protection. Behavioral responses to thermal and tactile stimuli after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) at L5 demonstrated neuropathic pain and its attenuation in the vehicle- and ketanserin-treated groups, respectively. SNL surgery induced an increase in CGRP and NPY immunoreactivity (IR) in laminae I-II of the spinal cord. L5 SNL produced an expression of NPY-IR in large, medium and small diameter neurons in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) only at L5, but not adjacent L4 and L6. Daily injection of ketanserin (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.) for two weeks suppressed the increase in CGRP-IR and NPY-IR in the spinal cord or DRG. The present study demonstrated that: (1) the expression of CGRP was enhanced in the spinal dorsal horn and NPY was expressed in the DRG containing injured neurons, but not in the adjacent DRG containing intact neurons, following L5 SNL; (2) the maladaptive changes in CGRP and NPY expression in the spinal cord and DRG mediated the bioactivity of 5-HT/5-HT(2A) receptors in neuropathic pain and (3) the blockade of 5-HT(2A) receptors by ketanserin reversed the evoked upregulation of both CGRP and NPY in the spinal cord and DRG contributing to the inhibition of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, People's Republic of China
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The nociceptive mechanism of 5-hydroxytryptamine released into the peripheral tissue in acute inflammatory pain in rats. Eur J Pain 2012; 13:441-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Loyd DR, Chen PB, Hargreaves KM. Anti-hyperalgesic effects of anti-serotonergic compounds on serotonin- and capsaicin-evoked thermal hyperalgesia in the rat. Neuroscience 2011; 203:207-15. [PMID: 22209919 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral serotonergic system has been implicated in the modulation of an array of pain states, from migraine to fibromyalgia; however, the mechanism by which serotonin (5HT) induces pain is unclear. Peripherally released 5HT induces thermal hyperalgesia, possibly via modulation of the transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) channel, which is gated by various noxious stimuli, including capsaicin. We previously reported in vitro that 5HT increases calcium accumulation in the capsaicin-sensitive population of sensory neurons with a corresponding increase in proinflammatory neuropeptide release, and both are antagonized by pretreatment with 5HT(2A) and 5HT(3) antagonists, as well as the anti-migraine drug sumatriptan. In the current study, we extended these findings in vivo using the rat hind paw thermal assay to test the hypothesis that peripheral 5HT enhances TRPV1-evoked thermal hyperalgesia that can be attenuated with 5HT(2A) and 5HT(3) receptor antagonists, as well as sumatriptan. Thermal hyperalgesia and edema were established by 5HT injection (0.1-10 nmol/100 μl) into the rat hind paw, and the latency to paw withdrawal (PWL) from noxious heat was determined. Rats were then pretreated with either 5HT before capsaicin (3 nmol/10 μl), the 5HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin or the 5HT(3) receptor antagonist granisetron (0.0001-0.1 nmol/100 μl) before 5HT and/or capsaicin, or the 5HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist sumatriptan (0.01-1 nmol/100 μl) before capsaicin, and PWL was determined. We report that 5HT pretreatment enhances TRPV1-evoked thermal hyperalgesia, which is attenuated with local pretreatment with ketanserin, granisetron, or sumatriptan. We also report that peripheral 5HT induced a similar magnitude of thermal hyperalgesia in male and female rats. Overall, our results provide in vivo evidence supporting an enhancing role of 5HT on TRPV1-evoked thermal hyperalgesia, which can be attenuated by peripheral serotonergic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Loyd
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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Santuzzi CH, Futuro Neto HA, Pires JGP, Gonçalves WLS, Tiradentes RV, Gouvea SA, Abreu GR. Sertraline inhibits formalin-induced nociception and cardiovascular responses. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 45:43-8. [PMID: 22086464 PMCID: PMC3854144 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the antihyperalgesic effect of sertraline, measured indirectly by the changes of sciatic afferent nerve activity, and its effects on cardiorespiratory parameters, using the model of formalin-induced inflammatory nociception in anesthetized rats. Serum serotonin (5-HT) levels were measured in order to test their correlation with the analgesic effect. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into 4 groups (N = 8/per group): sertraline-treated group (Sert + Saline (Sal) and Sert + Formalin (Form); 3 mg·kg-1·day-1, ip, for 7 days) and saline-treated group (Sal + Sal and Sal + Form). The rats were injected with 5% (50 µL) formalin or saline into the right hind paw. Sciatic nerve activity was recorded using a silver electrode connected to a NeuroLog apparatus, and cardiopulmonary parameters (mean arterial pressure, heart rate and respiratory frequency), assessed after arterial cannulation and tracheotomy, were monitored using a Data Acquisition System. Blood samples were collected from the animals and serum 5-HT levels were determined by ELISA. Formalin injection induced the following changes: sciatic afferent nerve activity (+50.8 ± 14.7%), mean arterial pressure (+1.4 ± 3 mmHg), heart rate (+13 ± 6.8 bpm), respiratory frequency (+4.6 ± 5 cpm) and serum 5-HT increased to 1162 ± 124.6 ng/mL. Treatment with sertraline significantly reduced all these parameters (respectively: +19.8 ± 6.9%, -3.3 ± 2 mmHg, -13.1 ± 10.8 bpm, -9.8 ± 5.7 cpm) and serum 5-HT level dropped to 634 ± 69 ng/mL (P < 0.05). These results suggest that sertraline plays an analgesic role in formalin-induced nociception probably through a serotonergic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Santuzzi
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Victória, ES, Brasil.
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Nascimento EB, Seniuk JGT, Godin AM, Ferreira WC, Dutra MB, Oliveira ACP, Bastos LF, Fiebich BL, Coelho MM. Peripheral 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A receptors mediate the nociceptive response induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 99:598-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Serotonin increases the functional activity of capsaicin-sensitive rat trigeminal nociceptors via peripheral serotonin receptors. Pain 2011; 152:2267-2276. [PMID: 21737202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral serotonin (5HT) has been implicated in migraine and temporomandibular pain disorders in humans and animal models and yet the mechanism(s) by which 5HT evokes pain remains unclear. Trigeminal pain can be triggered by activation of the transient receptor potential V1 channel (TRPV1), expressed by a subset of nociceptive trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons and gated by capsaicin, noxious heat, and other noxious stimuli. As 5HT is released in the periphery during inflammation and evokes thermal hyperalgesia, and TRPV1 is essential for thermal hyperalgesia, we hypothesized that 5HT increases the activity of capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal neurons and that this increase can be attenuated by pharmacologically targeting peripheral 5HT receptors. TG cultures were pretreated with 5HT (10 nM-100 μM), sumatriptan (5HT(1B/1D) agonist), ketanserin (5HT(2A) antagonist), granisetron (5HT(3) antagonist), or vehicle prior to capsaicin (30-50 nM). Single-cell accumulation of intracellular calcium was recorded or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release was measured following each treatment. In addition, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we detected the colocalization of 5HT(1B), 5HT(1D), 5HT(2A), and 5HT(3A), but not 5HT(2C) mRNA with TRPV1 in TG cells. 5HT pretreatment evoked a significant increase in calcium accumulation in capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal neurons and enhanced capsaicin-evoked CGRP release, but had no significant effect when given alone. Sumatriptan, ketanserin, and granisetron treatment attenuated calcium accumulation and 5HT enhancement of capsaicin-evoked CGRP release. Together these results indicate that 5HT increases the activity of capsaicin-sensitive peripheral nociceptors, which can be attenuated by pharmacologically targeting peripheral 5HT receptors, thereby providing a mechanistic basis for peripheral craniofacial pain therapy.
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Ossipov MH, Dussor GO, Porreca F. Central modulation of pain. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:3779-87. [PMID: 21041960 DOI: 10.1172/jci43766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been appreciated that the experience of pain is highly variable between individuals. Pain results from activation of sensory receptors specialized to detect actual or impending tissue damage (i.e., nociceptors). However, a direct correlation between activation of nociceptors and the sensory experience of pain is not always apparent. Even in cases in which the severity of injury appears similar, individual pain experiences may vary dramatically. Emotional state, degree of anxiety, attention and distraction, past experiences, memories, and many other factors can either enhance or diminish the pain experience. Here, we review evidence for "top-down" modulatory circuits that profoundly change the sensory experience of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Ossipov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
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New medicinal properties of mangostins: Analgesic activity and pharmacological characterization of active ingredients from the fruit hull of Garcinia mangostana L. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2010; 95:166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang D, Gao Y, Ji H, Hong Y. Topical and systemic administrations of ketanserin attenuate hypersensitivity and expression of CGRP in rats with spinal nerve ligation. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 627:124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hanawa K, Hanawa T, Tsuchiya C, Higashi K, Suzuki M, Moribe K, Yamamoto K, Oguchi T. Development of Sarpogrelate External Preparation for Intractable Pain Control. I. Pre-formulation Study on Application of Modified .BETA.-Cyclodextrins. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:45-50. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Hanawa
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, University of Yamanashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Takehisa Hanawa
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, University of Yamanashi
| | - Chikako Tsuchiya
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, University of Yamanashi
| | | | - Masahiko Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, University of Yamanashi
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Keiji Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Toshio Oguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, University of Yamanashi
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Supornsilpchai W, le Grand SM, Srikiatkhachorn A. Involvement of pro-nociceptive 5-HT2A receptor in the pathogenesis of medication-overuse headache. Headache 2009; 50:185-97. [PMID: 20039957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the involvement of 5-HT(2A) (5-HT(2A)) receptor in the process of trigeminal plasticity induced by chronic analgesic exposure and in the process of inflammatory-induced thermal hyperalgesia. BACKGROUND Derangement in 5-HT(2A) serotonin receptor has been reported to implicate in pathogenesis of medication-overuse headache. No clear explanation concerning the precise roles of these receptors in the process. METHODS Wistar rats were daily administered with paracetamol (200 mg/kg) for 30 days. On the next day, ketanserin, a 5-HT(2A) antagonist, or saline was given prior to cortical spreading depression (CSD) induction. Electrocorticogram, cortical blood flow, Fos and 5-HT(2A)-immunoreactivity in cortex and trigeminal pathway were studied. In the other experiment, complete Freund's adjuvant was injected into the rat hind paw to induce tissue inflammation. Three days later, ketanserin was given and noxious heat was applied to both inflamed and noninflamed paws. The response between 2 sides was compared by measuring paw withdrawal latency. RESULTS Chronic paracetamol exposure led to an increase in CSD frequency and CSD-evoked Fos expression in cerebral cortex indicating the increase in neuronal excitability. Prolonged medication exposure also facilitated trigeminal nociception as evident by an increase in CSD-evoked Fos expression in trigeminal nucleus caudalis. The expression of 5-HT(2A) receptor in cerebral cortex and trigeminal ganglia was enhanced by chronic paracetamol administration. Pretreatment with ketanserin significantly attenuated these effects. The second experiment showed that ketanserin was able to lengthen the paw withdrawal latency in the inflamed side but did not alter nociceptive response in the noninflamed side. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that up-regulation of pro-nociceptive 5-HT(2A) receptor is an important step in the process of cortical hyper-excitation and nociceptive facilitation induced by chronic analgesic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weera Supornsilpchai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
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40
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Bannister K, Bee LA, Dickenson AH. Preclinical and early clinical investigations related to monoaminergic pain modulation. Neurotherapeutics 2009; 6:703-12. [PMID: 19789074 PMCID: PMC5084291 DOI: 10.1016/j.nurt.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between descending controls, both excitatory and inhibitory, can be altered in various pain states. There is good evidence for a prominent alpha(2)-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibitory system and 5-HT(3) (and likely also 5-HT(2)) serotonin receptor-mediated excitatory controls originating from brainstem and midbrain areas. The ability of cortical controls to influence spinal function allows for top-down processing through these monoamines. The links between pain and the comorbidities of sleep problems, anxiety, and depression may be due to the dual roles of noradrenaline and of 5-HT in these functions and also in pain. These controls appear, in the cases of peripheral neuropathy, spinal injury, and cancer-induced bone pain to be driven by altered peripheral and spinal neuronal processes; in opioid-induced hyperalgesia, however, the same changes occur without any pathophysiological peripheral process. Thus, in generalized pain states in which fatigue, mood changes, and diffuse pain occur, such as fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome, one could suggest an abnormal engagement of descending facilitations with or without reduced inhibitions but with central origins. This would be an endogenous central malfunction of top-down processing, with the altered monoamine systems underlying the observed symptoms. A number of analgesic drugs can either interact with or have their actions modulated by these descending systems, reinforcing their importance in the establishment of pain but also in its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Bannister
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Bioscience, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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Van Steenwinckel J, Noghero A, Thibault K, Brisorgueil MJ, Fischer J, Conrath M. The 5-HT2A receptor is mainly expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons in rat lumbar dorsal root ganglia. Neuroscience 2009; 161:838-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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The Endogenous Neuromodulation System. Neuromodulation 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374248-3.00023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Wesseldijk F, Fekkes D, Huygen FJ, Bogaerts-Taal E, Zijlstra FJ. Increased plasma serotonin in complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Anesth Analg 2008; 106:1862-7. [PMID: 18499624 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318172c2f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1), some improvement can be achieved by the administration of ketanserin, a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist. We measured plasma levels of serotonin (5-HT) during CRPS1 and correlated these levels with disease characteristics. METHODS Plasma 5-HT was measured in 35 patients who had CRPS1 for 3 yr and compared with 35 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS The plasma 5-HT levels were 411 +/- 263 nmol/L and 29 +/- 18 nmol/L, respectively (P < 0.001). No correlations with disease characteristics were observed. CONCLUSIONS The markedly elevated levels of plasma 5-HT in CRPS1 patients suggest a role for 5-HT during the course of this disease. However, because of the lack of correlations with distinct disease characteristics, 5-HT is probably one of a number of mediators in CRPS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feikje Wesseldijk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Braz JM, Basbaum AI. Genetically expressed transneuronal tracer reveals direct and indirect serotonergic descending control circuits. J Comp Neurol 2008; 507:1990-2003. [PMID: 18273889 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the evidence for a significant contribution of brainstem serotonergic (5HT) systems to the control of spinal cord "pain" transmission neurons, attention has turned recently to the influence of nonserotonergic neurons, including the facilitatory and inhibitory controls that originate from so-called "on" and "off" cells of the rostroventral medulla (RVM). Unclear, however, is the extent to which these latter circuits interact with or are influenced by the serotonergic cell groups. To address this question we selectively targeted expression of a transneuronal tracer, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), in the 5HT neurons so as to study the interplay between the 5HT and non-5HT systems. In addition to confirming the direct medullary 5HT projection to the spinal cord we also observed large numbers of non-5HT neurons, in the medullary nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis and magnocellularis, that were WGA-immunoreactive, i.e., were transneuronally labeled from 5HT neurons. FluoroGold injections into the spinal cord established that these reticular neurons are not only postsynaptic to the 5HT neurons of the medulla, but that most are also at the origin of descending, bulbospinal pathways. By contrast, we found no evidence that neurons of the midbrain periaqueductal gray that project to the RVM are postsynaptic to midbrain or medullary 5HT neurons. Finally, we found very few examples of WGA-immunoreactive noradrenergic neurons, which suggests that there is considerable independence of the monoaminergic bulbospinal pathways. Our results indicate that 5HT neurons influence "pain" processing at the spinal cord level both directly and indirectly via feedforward connections with multiple non-5HT descending control pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Manuel Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.
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45
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Ren C, Gao X, Steinberg GK, Zhao H. Limb remote-preconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats and contradicts the dogma of therapeutic time windows for preconditioning. Neuroscience 2007. [PMID: 18201834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning is an emerging concept for stroke treatment, but its protection against focal stroke has not been established. We tested whether remote preconditioning, performed in the ipsilateral hind limb, protects against focal stroke and explored its protective parameters. Stroke was generated by a permanent occlusion of the left distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) combined with a 30 min occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries (CCA) in male rats. Limb preconditioning was generated by 5 or 15 min occlusion followed with the same period of reperfusion of the left hind femoral artery, and repeated for two or three cycles. Infarct was measured 2 days later. The results showed that rapid preconditioning with three cycles of 15 min performed immediately before stroke reduced infarct size from 47.7+/-7.6% of control ischemia to 9.8+/-8.6%; at two cycles of 15 min, infarct was reduced to 24.7+/-7.3%; at two cycles of 5 min, infarct was not reduced. Delayed preconditioning with three cycles of 15 min conducted 2 days before stroke also reduced infarct to 23.0+/-10.9%, but with two cycles of 15 min it offered no protection. The protective effects at these two therapeutic time windows of remote preconditioning are consistent with those of conventional preconditioning, in which the preconditioning ischemia is induced in the brain itself. Unexpectedly, intermediate preconditioning with three cycles of 15 min performed 12 h before stroke also reduced infarct to 24.7+/-4.7%, which contradicts the current dogma for therapeutic time windows for the conventional preconditioning that has no protection at this time point. In conclusion, remote preconditioning performed in one limb protected against ischemic damage after focal cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, MSLS Building, P306, 1201 Welch Road, Room P306, Stanford, CA 94305-5327, USA
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46
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Sekiguchi M, Konno SI, Kikuchi SI. The effects of a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist on blood flow in lumbar disc herniation: application of nucleus pulposus in a canine model. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2007; 17:307-13. [PMID: 17973126 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-007-0534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessel clots are found around the nerve root in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Thrombosis formation in the experimental application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root has been shown in histological studies. In addition, reduction of blood flow and nerve conduction velocity are induced by the application of nucleus pulposus, which mimics lumbar disc herniation. In patients with lumbar disc herniation, nerve root block, which is thought to increase nerve blood flow, improves radiculopathy. 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists are used in chronic arterial occlusive diseases to improve blood flow and have been reported to work as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in improving radiculopathy due to lumbar disc herniation in clinical studies. This study investigated the effects of a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist on blood vessel diameter and blood flow in a canine experimental model of lumbar disc herniation. A total of 13 dogs were used. The animals were divided into three experimental groups and surgery was performed 1 week before measurements. In the nucleus pulposus group (NP; n = 5), the nucleus pulposus was applied to the nerve roots from the ventral side. In the sham group (n = 5), nucleus pulposus was not applied. In the naive group (n = 3), the animals did not undergo surgery. Measurements of vessel diameter and blood flow were done before and after administration of saline and drugs. The diameters and blood flow volume of the observed blood vessels were measured on video-recordings every 10 min for 65 min. In all groups, vessel diameter and blood flow did not change before or after administration of saline. In the NP and sham groups, vessel diameter and blood flow increased significantly after administration of 5-HTRA compared with the naive group. 5-HTRA improved blood vessel diameter and blood flow in the nerve roots inflamed by the application of nucleus pulposus but not in the intact nerve roots. 5-HTRA might be a potential agent to improve blood flow in the nerve roots of patients with lumbar disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1-Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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47
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Van Steenwinckel J, Brisorgueil MJ, Fischer J, Vergé D, Gingrich JA, Bourgoin S, Hamon M, Bernard R, Conrath M. Role of spinal serotonin 5-HT2A receptor in 2',3'-dideoxycytidine-induced neuropathic pain in the rat and the mouse. Pain 2007; 137:66-80. [PMID: 17888573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 07/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that descending serotoninergic facilitatory pathways are involved in neuropathic pain. These pathways may involve 5-HT2A receptors known to play a role in spinal and peripheral sensitization. The implication of this receptor in neuropathy was investigated in a model of peripheral neuropathy induced by 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, a nucleoside analogue with reverse transcriptase inhibitory properties used in HIV/AIDS therapy. Four days after a single 100mg/kg i.v. administration in the tail vein, mitochondrial alterations in nociceptive and non-nociceptive dorsal root ganglion cells were observed at the lumbar level. These alterations were not associated with TUNEL labelling or with modification of the total number of dorsal root ganglion cells. At the same time point, 5-HT2A receptor immunolabelling was increased throughout the dorsal horn (by 49.5% in layer II and 57.8% in layer III). The number of 5-HT2A receptor immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal root ganglion was also increased by 30.7%. Four days after 2',3'-dideoxycytidine administration, rats had developed thermal allodynia as well as mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia, which dose-dependently decreased after epidural injection of MDL 11,939, a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. Moreover, 5-HT2A receptor knock-out mice did not develop 2',3'-dideoxycytidine-induced neuropathy whereas their control littermates displayed a neuropathy comparable to that observed in rats. Our data show that 2',3'-dideoxycytidine-induced neuropathy is associated with alterations of nociceptive and non-nociceptive peripheral cells and that the 5-HT2A receptor is involved in the peripheral sensitization of nociceptors as well as in a wide central sensitization of dorsal horn neurons.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neuralgia/chemically induced
- Neuralgia/genetics
- Neuralgia/physiopathology
- Nociceptors/physiology
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/metabolism
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/pathology
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/deficiency
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/physiology
- Species Specificity
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/physiology
- Zalcitabine/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Van Steenwinckel
- Neurobiologie des Signaux Intercellulaires, CNRS, UMR 7101, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France INSERM UMR 677, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Faculté de Médecine, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 91 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75634 Paris cedex 13, France Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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48
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Zhang XC, Strassman AM, Burstein R, Levy D. Sensitization and Activation of Intracranial Meningeal Nociceptors by Mast Cell Mediators. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 322:806-12. [PMID: 17483291 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.123745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial headaches such as migraine are thought to result from activation of sensory trigeminal pain neurons that supply intracranial blood vessels and the meninges, also known as meningeal nociceptors. Although the mechanism underlying the triggering of such activation is not completely understood, our previous work indicates that the local activation of the inflammatory dural mast cells can provoke a persistent sensitization of meningeal nociceptors. Given the potential importance of mast cells to the pain of migraine it is important to understand which mast cell-derived mediators interact with meningeal nociceptors to promote their activation and sensitization. In the present study, we have used in vivo electrophysiological single-unit recording of meningeal nociceptors in the trigeminal ganglion of anesthetized rats to examine the effect of a number of mast cell mediators on the activity level and mechanosensitivity of meningeal nociceptors. We have found that that serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)), and to a lesser extent histamine can promote a robust sensitization and activation of meningeal nociceptors, whereas the inflammatory eicosanoids PGD(2) and leukotriene C(4) are largely ineffective. We propose that dural mast cells could promote headache by releasing 5-HT, PGI(2), and histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chun Zhang
- Headache Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Room 856, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Oliveira MCG, Pelegrini-da-Silva A, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. 5-HT acts on nociceptive primary afferents through an indirect mechanism to induce hyperalgesia in the subcutaneous tissue. Neuroscience 2007; 145:708-14. [PMID: 17257768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that s.c.-injected 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induces nociception by an indirect action on the primary afferent nociceptor in addition to its previously described direct action. Although the mechanisms mediating hyperalgesia can be quite separate and distinct from those mediating nociception, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that 5-HT induces mechanical hyperalgesia by mechanisms similar to those mediating nociception. s.c. injection of 5-HT induced a dose-dependent mechanical hyperalgesia measured by the mechanical paw withdrawal nociceptive threshold test in the rat. 5-HT-induced hyperalgesia was significantly reduced by local blockade of the 5-HT(3) receptor by tropisetron, by the nonspecific selectin inhibitor fucoidan, by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, by guanethidine depletion of norepinephrine in the sympathetic terminals, and by local blockade of the beta(1)- or beta(2)-adrenergic receptor by atenolol or ICI 118,551, respectively. Taken together, these findings indicate that like nociception, hyperalgesia induced by the injection of 5-HT in the s.c. tissue is also mediated by an indirect action of 5-HT on the primary afferent nociceptor. This indirect hyperalgesic action of 5-HT is mediated by a combination of mechanisms involved in inflammation such as neutrophil migration and the local release of prostaglandin and norepinephrine. However, in contrast to nociception, hyperalgesia induced by 5-HT in the s.c. tissue is mediated by a norepinephrine-dependent mechanism that involves the activation of peripheral beta(2) adrenoceptors.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
- Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology
- Afferent Pathways/drug effects
- Afferent Pathways/metabolism
- Afferent Pathways/physiopathology
- Animals
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Male
- Nociceptors/drug effects
- Nociceptors/metabolism
- Nociceptors/physiopathology
- Norepinephrine/metabolism
- Pain Measurement/drug effects
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Pain Threshold/physiology
- Prostaglandins/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/metabolism
- Selectins/drug effects
- Selectins/metabolism
- Sensory Receptor Cells/drug effects
- Sensory Receptor Cells/metabolism
- Sensory Receptor Cells/physiopathology
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin/pharmacology
- Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology
- Skin/innervation
- Skin/physiopathology
- Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/drug effects
- Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- M C G Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code 13414-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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