1
|
Spicer MM, Weber MA, Luo Z, Yang J, Narayanan NS, Fisher RA. Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6) in dopamine neurons promotes EtOH seeking, behavioral reward, and susceptibility to relapse. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06631-8. [PMID: 38856764 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) transmission is believed to play a critical role in mediating reward responses to drugs of abuse, including alcohol (EtOH). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying EtOH-seeking behavior and dependence are not fully understood, and abstinence remains the only effective way to prevent alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Here, we developed novel RGS6fl/fl; DAT-iCreER mice to determine the role of RGS6 in DA neurons on EtOH consumption, reward, and relapse behaviors. We found that RGS6 is expressed in DA neurons in both human and mouse ventral tegmental area (VTA), and that RGS6 loss in mice upregulates DA transporter (DAT) expression in VTA DA neuron synaptic terminals. Remarkably, loss of RGS6 in DA neurons significantly reduced EtOH consumption, preference, and reward in a manner indistinguishable from that seen in RGS6-/- mice. Strikingly, RGS6 loss from DA neurons before or after EtOH behavioral reward is established significantly reduced (~ 50%) re-instatement of reward following extinguishment, demonstrating distinct roles of RGS6 in promoting reward and relapse susceptibility to EtOH. These studies identify DA neurons as the locus of RGS6 action in promoting EtOH consumption, preference, reward, and relapse. RGS6 is unique among R7 RGS proteins in promoting rather than suppressing behavioral responses to drugs of abuse and to modulate EtOH behavioral reward. This is a result of RGS6's pre-synaptic actions that we hypothesize promote VTA DA transmission by suppressing GPCR-Gαi/o-DAT signaling in VTA DA neurons. These studies identify RGS6 as a potential therapeutic target for behavioral reward and relapse to EtOH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie M Spicer
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 51 Newton Rd. BSB 2-512, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 169 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Matthew A Weber
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 169 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Zili Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jianqi Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 51 Newton Rd. BSB 2-512, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 169 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nandakumar S Narayanan
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 169 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Rory A Fisher
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 51 Newton Rd. BSB 2-512, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 169 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dugan MP, Maiya R, Fleischer C, Bajo M, Snyder AE, Koduri A, Srinivasan S, Roberto M, Messing RO. Brain-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 is a substrate of protein kinase C epsilon involved in sex-specific ethanol and anxiety phenotypes. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13388. [PMID: 38497285 PMCID: PMC10950061 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) regulates behavioural responses to ethanol and plays a role in anxiety-like behaviour, but knowledge is limited on downstream substrates of PKCε that contribute to these behaviours. We recently identified brain-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (BRSK1) as a substrate of PKCε. Here, we test the hypothesis that BRSK1 mediates responses to ethanol and anxiety-like behaviours that are also PKCε dependent. We used in vitro kinase assays to further validate BRSK1 as a substrate of PKCε and used Brsk1-/- mice to assess the role of BRSK1 in ethanol- and anxiety-related behaviours and in physiological responses to ethanol. We found that BRSK1 is phosphorylated by PKCε at a residue identified in a chemical genetic screen of PKCε substrates in mouse brain. Like Prkce-/- mice, male and female Brsk1-/- mice were more sensitive than wild-type to the acute sedative-hypnotic effect of alcohol. Unlike Prkce-/- mice, Brsk1-/- mice responded like wild-type to ataxic doses of ethanol. Although in Prkce-/- mice ethanol consumption and reward are reduced in both sexes, they were reduced only in female Brsk1-/- mice. Ex vivo slice electrophysiology revealed that ethanol-induced facilitation of GABA release in the central amygdala was absent in male Brsk1-/- mice similar to findings in male Prkce-/- mice. Collectively, these results indicate that BRSK1 is a target of PKCε that mediates some PKCε-dependent responses to ethanol in a sex-specific manner and plays a role distinct from PKCε in anxiety-like behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Dugan
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Rajani Maiya
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
- Department of PhysiologyLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Caleb Fleischer
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Michal Bajo
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Angela E. Snyder
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ashwin Koduri
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Sathvik Srinivasan
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Marisa Roberto
- Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert O. Messing
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction ResearchDepartment of NeuroscienceThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Spicer MM, Weber MA, Luo Z, Yang J, Narayanan NS, Fisher RA. Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons promotes EtOH seeking, behavioral reward and susceptibility to relapse. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563844. [PMID: 37961154 PMCID: PMC10634791 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) transmission is believed to play a critical role in mediating reward responses to drugs of abuse, including alcohol (EtOH). EtOH is the most abused substance worldwide with chronic consumption often leading to the development of dependence and abuse. Unfortunately, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying EtOH-seeking behavior and dependence are not fully understood, and abstinence remains the only effective way to prevent alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Here, we developed novel RGS6 fl/fl ; DAT-iCreER mice to determine the role of RGS6 in VTA DA neurons on EtOH consumption and reward behaviors. We found that RGS6 is expressed in DA neurons in both human and mouse VTA, and that RGS6 loss in mice upregulates DA transporter (DAT) expression in VTA DA neuron synaptic terminals. Remarkably, loss of RGS6 in VTA DA neurons significantly reduced EtOH consumption, preference, and reward in a manner indistinguishable from that seen in RGS6 -/- mice. Strikingly, RGS6 loss from VTA DA neurons before or after EtOH behavioral reward is established significantly reduced (∼50%) re-instatement of reward following extinguishment, demonstrating distinct roles of RGS6 in promoting reward and relapse susceptibility to EtOH. These studies illuminate a critical role of RGS6 in the mesolimbic circuit in promoting EtOH seeking, reward, and reinstatement. We propose that RGS6 functions to promote DA transmission through its function as a negative modulator of GPCR-Gα i/o -DAT signaling in VTA DA neurons. These studies identify RGS6 as a potential therapeutic target for behavioral reward and relapse to EtOH.
Collapse
|
4
|
DeBaker MC, Mitten EH, Rose TR, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Gao R, Lee AM, Wickman K. RGS6 negatively regulates inhibitory G protein signaling in dopamine neurons and positively regulates binge-like alcohol consumption in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2140-2155. [PMID: 36929333 PMCID: PMC10504421 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Drugs of abuse, including alcohol, increase dopamine in the mesocorticolimbic system via actions on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Increased dopamine transmission can activate inhibitory G protein signalling pathways in VTA dopamine neurons, including those controlled by GABAB and D2 receptors. Members of the R7 subfamily of regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) proteins can regulate inhibitory G protein signalling, but their influence on VTA dopamine neurons is unclear. Here, we investigated the influence of RGS6, an R7 RGS family memberthat has been implicated in the regulation of alcohol consumption in mice, on inhibitory G protein signalling in VTA dopamine neurons. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used molecular, electrophysiological and genetic approaches to probe the impact of RGS6 on inhibitory G protein signalling in VTA dopamine neurons and on binge-like alcohol consumption in mice. KEY RESULTS RGS6 is expressed in adult mouse VTA dopamine neurons and it modulates inhibitory G protein signalling in a receptor-dependent manner, tempering D2 receptor-induced somatodendritic currents and accelerating deactivation of synaptically evoked GABAB receptor-dependent responses. RGS6-/- mice exhibit diminished binge-like alcohol consumption, a phenotype replicated in female (but not male) mice lacking RGS6 selectively in VTA dopamine neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS RGS6 negatively regulates GABAB - and D2 receptor-dependent inhibitory G protein signalling pathways in mouse VTA dopamine neurons and exerts a sex-dependent positive influence on binge-like alcohol consumption in adult mice. As such, RGS6 may represent a new diagnostic and/or therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margot C. DeBaker
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Eric H. Mitten
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Timothy R. Rose
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Runbo Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Anna M. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kevin Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rice RC, Baratta AM, Farris SP. Home-Cage Sipper Devices Reveal Age and Sex Differences in Ethanol Consumption Patterns. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.22.533844. [PMID: 36993453 PMCID: PMC10055331 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.22.533844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Free-choice paradigms such as two-bottle choice (2BC) are commonly used to characterize ethanol consumption and preference of rodent models used to study alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, these assays are limited by low temporal resolution that misses finer patterns of drinking behavior, including circadian drinking patterns that are known to vary with age and sex and are affected in AUD pathogenesis. Modern, cost-effective tools are becoming widely available that could elucidate these patterns, including open-source, Arduino-based home-cage sipper devices. We hypothesized that adaptation of these home-cage sipper devices would uncover distinct age- and sex-related differences in temporal drinking patterns. To test this hypothesis, we used the sipper devices in a continuous 2BC paradigm using water and ethanol (10%; v/v) for 14 days to measure drinking patterns of male and female adolescent (3-week), young adult (6-week), and mature adult (18-week) C57BL/6J mice. Daily grams of fluid consumption were manually recorded at the beginning of the dark cycle, while home-cage sipper devices continuously recorded the number of sips. Consistent with prior studies, females consumed more ethanol than males, and adolescent mice consumed the most out of any age group. Correlation analyses of manually recorded fluid consumption versus home-cage sipper activity revealed a statistically significant prediction of fluid consumption across all experimental groups. Sipper activity was able to capture subtle circadian differences between experimental groups, as well as distinct individual variation in drinking behavior among animals. Blood ethanol concentrations were significantly correlated with sipper data, suggesting that home-cage sipper devices can accurately determine individual timing of ethanol consumption. Overall, our studies show that augmenting the 2BC drinking paradigm with automated home-cage sipper devices can accurately measure ethanol consumption across sexes and age groups, revealing individual differences and temporal patterns of ethanol drinking behavior. Future studies utilizing these home-cage sipper devices will further dissect circadian patterns for age and sex relevant to the pathogenesis of AUD, as well as underlying molecular mechanisms for patterns in ethanol consumption. Highlights Female mice consume more ethanol than males in a continuous access paradigmAdolescent male and female mice consume more ethanol than young or mature adult miceAutomated home-cage sipper devices accurately measure ethanol consumptionDevices reveal sex- and age-dependent differences in circadian drinking patternsDevices reveal distinct individual variation in circadian drinking patterns.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yunusoğlu O. Rewarding effect of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in mice: Effect of the monoterpenoid linalool. Alcohol 2022; 98:55-63. [PMID: 34800613 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol addiction is a chronic relapsing disease that is progressive and has severe detrimental health outcomes. The use of natural products has become popular for the treatment of side effects of drugs and substance abuse. Linalool is a monoterpenoid that exhibits several effects on the central nervous system. Linalool was identified to have beneficial effects on different mechanisms that are relevant in drug addiction or substance use disorder. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of linalool on the rewarding properties of alcohol in mice. Conditioned place preference (CPP) was established by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ethanol (2 g/kg) during an 8-day conditioning trial. The effects of acamprosate and linalool on the rewarding properties of ethanol were tested in mice who received linalool (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) and acamprosate (300 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before each ethanol injection. CPP was extinguished by repeated testing, throughout which conditioned mice were administered daily linalool. Mice were lastly examined for reinstatement provoked by i.p. administration of single low-dose ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.). Treatment with linalool reduced the acquisition and reinstatement, and precipitated the extinction of ethanol-induced CPP in mice. Acquisition and reinstatement of alcohol-induced CPP were significantly reduced by acamprosate, which also precipitated extinction. Ethanol alone and the combination with linalool or acamprosate did not alter locomotor activity. The results of this study suggest that linalool may have pharmacological effects for the treatment of alcohol addiction. In addition, further investigation is required to fully explore the benefits and possible adverse effects of linalool on alcohol addiction.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yunusoğlu O. Evaluation of the effects of quercetin on the rewarding property of ethanol in mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 768:136383. [PMID: 34864087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flavonoid quercetin has several pharmacological effects on the nervous system. Previous research showed that quercetin has useful influences on some mechanisms that are relevant in drug and substance addiction. Alcohol addiction, also known as alcoholism, is a disorder that influences the population in all walks of life. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether quercetin affects the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (ethanol-CPP) in adolescent mice. METHODS CPP was established by administration of intraperitoneal (i.p.) ethanol (2.0 g/kg) in a conditioning trial. The mice were pretreated with quercetin (at doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 minutes before each ethanol injection to test the effects of quercetin on the reward properties of ethanol. Ethanol-CPP was extinguished (13-days) by repeated testing, during which conditioned mice were given different doses of quercetin every day. Lastly, efficacy of quercetin in preventing reinstatement of ethanol-CPP triggers was also assessed by the administration of single dose ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.). RESULTS Quercetin pretreatment attenuated the acquisition and reinstatement. In addition, quercetin administration accelerated the extinction of ethanol-CPP. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results may cast a novel light on quercetin as an agent that could be potentially useful to attenuate different effects of ethanol and as adjuvant pharmacotherapy for ethanol addiction. However, future studies are needed to demonstrate the detailed underlying mechanisms of quercetin on ethanol addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oruç Yunusoğlu
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Pharmacology, 14030 Bolu, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Niculescu M, Dunnick J. Acute and chronic ethanol administration: A potential model of behavioral sensitization using wheel-running in male CD1 mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 213:173336. [PMID: 35041858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We define behavioral sensitization as an augmented response to subsequent dosing after chronic intermittent administration of a drug. However, the biphasic effects of ethanol (EtOH), first stimulatory followed by depressive, make animal models of behavioral sensitization rare. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine a dose of EtOH that did not depress wheel-running (WR) in CD1 mice and then to develop a model of EtOH-induced behavioral sensitization. METHODS For the first part of this study, male CD1 mice (n = 24, 6/group) were administered either phosphate buffer saline (PBS), 0.5 g/kg, 1 g/kg, or 2 g/kg EtOH at a volume of 3 ml/kg, intraperitoneally (IP). Mice were divided into equal groups and received the weight-based dose once daily on Days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. All mice received a challenge dose of 0.5 g/kg on Day 10. In both parts of the study, mice were habituated to the running wheel for 5 min prior to dosing and wheel running was measured for 10 min after each dose. RESULTS The acute dose-response of EtOH effects on wheel running determined a significant difference between doses in wheel running (p < 0.05), with a post-hoc analysis establishing that 0.5 g/kg EtOH resulted in significantly more WR compared to 2 g/kg EtOH (p < 0.05). The chronic study demonstrated a significant main effect of Day (1 vs. 5 vs. Challenge, p < 0.001) and an interaction between Day and Treatment, with post-hoc analysis determining the effect to be between PBS and EtOH WR on Day 5 (p < 0.05). In addition, Bonferroni post-hoc analysis determined no differences between Days in the PBS condition, but a significant difference in the EtOH condition between Day 1 and Day 5 (p < 0.001) and that difference from Day 1 persisted when comparing to the Challenge Day (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION After chronic, intermittent, low dose administration of EtOH, male mice showed an increase in activity as measured by wheel running. Therefore, we laid the groundwork for a potentially useful rodent model for EtOH-induced behavioral sensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Niculescu
- Department of Social Sciences, Chatham University, Woodland Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, United States of America; Department of Psychology/Neuroscience Program, Lebanon Valley College, 101 North College Avenue, Annville, PA 17003, United States of America.
| | - Jennifer Dunnick
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, United States of America; Department of Psychology/Neuroscience Program, Lebanon Valley College, 101 North College Avenue, Annville, PA 17003, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barros-Santos T, Libarino-Santos M, Anjos-Santos A, Lins JF, Leite JPC, Pacheco RC, Nascimento-Rocha V, Kisaki ND, Tamura EK, Oliveira-Lima AJ, Berro LF, Uetanabaro APT, Nicoli JR, Marinho EAV. Sex differences in the development of conditioned place preference induced by intragastric alcohol administration in mice. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 229:109105. [PMID: 34628094 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to identify for the first time sex differences in the development of CPP induced by intragastric alcohol administration in mice. METHODS Male and female adult Swiss mice were submitted to 16 days of conditioning with alcohol (0.5-3.0 g/kg, N = 8/dose/sex), with 2 post-conditioning tests (after 8 and 16 sessions) during the protocol. RESULTS 8 days of conditioning (4 alcohol sessions, 4 saline sessions) with intragastric alcohol administration were sufficient to induce CPP in male mice at the doses of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg. However, only higher doses (2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 g/kg) induced CPP in female mice using an 8-day conditioning protocol, while a 16-day conditioning protocol was necessary for the development of intragastric alcohol-induced CPP at the doses of 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg. Regardless of the conditioning protocol, higher doses or alcohol that had rewarding effects in females (2.5 and 3.0 g/kg) did not induce CPP in males, with a significant difference between males and females at those doses. Analysis of the potency (EC50) and efficacy (Emax) of alcohol in inducing CPP when administered intragastrically in male and female mice showed significant sex differences with 8 conditioning sessions. CONCLUSIONS Our data show a clear protocol (8 vs 16 days) and dose difference between male and female Swiss mice regarding the development of CPP induced by intragastric alcohol administration. Intragastric alcohol administration is closer to human drinking, and our protocol provides a more translational approach to studying the rewarding effects of alcohol in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa Barros-Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Matheus Libarino-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Alexia Anjos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Lins
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - João P C Leite
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Roseliz C Pacheco
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Victor Nascimento-Rocha
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Natali D Kisaki
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo K Tamura
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre J Oliveira-Lima
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Laís F Berro
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| | - Ana Paula T Uetanabaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A V Marinho
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rod. Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lguensat A, Boudjafad Z, Giorla E, Bennis M, Baunez C, Garcia R, Ba-M'hamed S. Repeated ethanol exposure following avoidance conditioning impairs avoidance extinction and modifies conditioning-associated prefrontal dendritic changes in a mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:7710-7732. [PMID: 34670326 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder is complicated by the presence of alcohol use disorder comorbidity. Little is known about the underlying brain mechanisms. We have recently shown, in mice, that the post-traumatic stress disorder-like phenotype is characterised by the increase and decrease in total dendritic number and length in the prelimbic and infralimbic areas of the medial prefrontal cortex, respectively. Here, we examined whether repeated ethanol exposure would exacerbate these changes and whether this would be associated with difficulty to extinguish passive avoidance behaviour, as an indicator of treatment resistance. We also analysed whether other known trauma-associated changes, like increased or decreased corticosterone and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, would also be exacerbated. Male mice underwent trauma exposure (1.5-mA footshock), followed, 8 days later, by a conditioned place preference training with ethanol. Tests for fear sensitization, passive avoidance, anxiety-like behaviour, extinction acquisition and relapse susceptibility were used to assess behaviour changes. Plasma corticosterone and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and prefrontal dendritic changes were subsequently measured. Trauma-susceptible mice exposed to ethanol acquired a strong place preference and behaved differently from those not exposed to ethanol, with delayed avoidance extinction and higher avoidance relapse vulnerability. Ethanol potentiated trauma-associated dendritic changes in the prelimbic area and suppressed trauma-associated dendritic changes in the infralimbic area. However, ethanol had no effect on trauma-induced increased corticosterone and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. These data suggest that the modification of prefrontal trauma-related changes, due to alcohol use, can characterise, and probably support, treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmae Lguensat
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Neurobiologie, Anthropologie et Environnement, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Zineb Boudjafad
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Neurobiologie, Anthropologie et Environnement, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Elodie Giorla
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Mohamed Bennis
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Neurobiologie, Anthropologie et Environnement, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Christelle Baunez
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - René Garcia
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Saadia Ba-M'hamed
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Neurobiologie, Anthropologie et Environnement, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yunusoğlu O. Resveratrol impairs acquisition, reinstatement and precipitates extinction of alcohol-induced place preference in mice. Neurol Res 2021; 43:985-994. [PMID: 34210247 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1948749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol abuse causes several neurological disorders. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol that occurs as a phytoalexin. In different studies, it has been investigated that resveratrol has positive effects on various mechanisms that are important in drug addiction or substance use disorder. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of resveratrol on alcohol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice. METHODS CPP was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of ethanol (2 g/kg) in an 8-day conditioning program. The influence of reference drug, acamprosate and resveratrol on the rewarding properties of ethanol was tested in mice given treatment of acamprosate (300 mg/kg, i.p.) and resveratrol (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 minutes prior to ethanol administration. Once established, CPP was extinguished by repeated testing, through which conditioned mice were administered acamprosate, various doses of resveratrol or saline daily. Subsequently, the potency of acamprosate and resveratrol in preventing reinstatement of CPP provoked by priming with low-dose ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.) was also evaluated. RESULTS The present findings confirm that resveratrol impairs acquisition, reinstatement and precipitates the extinction of preference for alcohol-induced CPP. Resveratrol presented a similar effect in the CPP phases to the acamprosate. CONCLUSIONS The effect of resveratrol on ethanol-induced CPP in mice demonstrated for the first time. As a conclusion, these findings may shed light on the fact that resveratrol can be utilized as an agent which is potentially beneficial to prevent the various harmful effects of ethanol, however, more research is needed to completely elucidate this attribute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oruç Yunusoğlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cunningham CL, Bakner L, Schuette LM, Young EA. Morphine and ethanol pretreatment effects on expression and extinction of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and aversion in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:55-66. [PMID: 32980910 PMCID: PMC7796927 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Opioid receptor antagonists reliably alter the expression or extinction of ethanol's conditioned motivational effects as indexed by the place conditioning procedure, suggesting endogenous opioids are normally involved. These studies examined how exogenous stimulation of opioid receptors alters ethanol's conditioned rewarding and aversive effects. OBJECTIVES Drugs that either directly (morphine) or indirectly (ethanol) stimulate opioid receptors were tested for their effects on the expression and extinction of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and conditioned place aversion (CPA). METHODS Male DBA/2J mice were exposed to unbiased ethanol (2 g/kg) conditioning procedures that produced either CPP (experiments 1-2) or CPA (experiments 3-4). Morphine (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg) was injected before three post-conditioning tests in experiments 1 and 3, whereas ethanol (0, 1, 2, or 3 g/kg) was injected before tests in experiments 2 and 4. All groups received vehicle on test 4 to determine whether the drug pretreatments altered the course of extinction. RESULTS Morphine dose-dependently enhanced CPP expression (experiment 1), but ethanol dose-dependently reduced CPP expression (experiment 2). Test 4 showed no differences between drug-treated mice and mice given vehicle on all tests. Morphine had no effect on expression or extinction of ethanol-induced CPA (experiment 3). The highest ethanol dose (3 g/kg) interfered with CPA expression, but not extinction (experiment 4). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment drug effects on ethanol CPP and CPA expression were most likely a byproduct of their activity altering effects rather than opioid-receptor mediated modulation of ethanol's conditioned motivational effects. Neither drug affected the course of extinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Cunningham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239-3098
| | - Lee Bakner
- Department of Psychology, Linfield University, McMinnville, OR, USA 97128
| | - Lindsey M. Schuette
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239-3098
| | - Emily A. Young
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239-3098
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amaral VCS, Morais-Silva G, Laverde CF, Marin MT. Susceptibility to extinction and reinstatement of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference is related to differences in astrocyte cystine-glutamate antiporter content. Neurosci Res 2020; 170:245-254. [PMID: 32653617 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Individual susceptibility to alcohol effects plays an important role in the development of alcohol addiction and studies have shown that glutamate release is altered after chronic ethanol consumption. The cystine-glutamate antiporter (xCT) is a protein that regulates glutamate release. However, little is known about the relationship between xCT levels and this individual susceptibility. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the extinction and stress-induced reinstatement of ethanol conditioned place preference (CPP) and xCT levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala (Amy). Male Swiss mice were submitted to a CPP procedure followed by an extinction protocol and then identified as those which extinguished the CPP and those that did not. In another cohort, mice that extinguished the CPP were submitted to a protocol of stress-induced reinstatement. Immediately after the tests, brains were removed for xCT quantification. The xCT levels were significantly lower in the mPFC and NAcc of mice that did not extinguish CPP. Moreover, mice that were susceptible to stress-induced reinstatement of CPP had lower levels of xCT in the NAcc. Our results suggest that individual susceptibility to the extinction and reinstatement of ethanol CPP is related to alterations in xCT levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cristiane Santana Amaral
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural and Synthetic Products, State University of Goias, Exact and Technological Sciences Campus, Anapolis, GO, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Gessynger Morais-Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Celina F Laverde
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo T Marin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Giacometti LL, Barker JM. Sex differences in the glutamate system: Implications for addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:157-168. [PMID: 32173404 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical research have identified sex differences in substance use and addiction-related behaviors. Historically, substance use disorders are more prevalent in men than women, though this gap is closing. Despite this difference, women appear to be more susceptible to the effects of many drugs and progress to substance abuse treatment more quickly than men. While the glutamate system is a key regulator of addiction-related behaviors, much of the work implicating glutamate signaling and glutamatergic circuits has been conducted in men and male rodents. An increasing number of studies have identified sex differences in drug-induced glutamate alterations as well as sex and estrous cycle differences in drug seeking behaviors. This review will describe sex differences in the glutamate system with an emphasis on implications for substance use disorders, highlighting the gaps in our current understanding of how innate and drug-induced alterations in the glutamate system may contribute to sex differences in addiction-related behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L L Giacometti
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, United States.
| | - J M Barker
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Booher WC, Reyes Martínez GJ, Ehringer MA. Behavioral and neuronal interactions between exercise and alcohol: Sex and genetic differences. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12632. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Winona C. Booher
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
| | - Guillermo J. Reyes Martínez
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
| | - Marissa A. Ehringer
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xie Q, Buck LA, Bryant KG, Barker JM. Sex Differences in Ethanol Reward Seeking Under Conflict in Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1556-1566. [PMID: 31034618 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorders are characterized by inflexible alcohol seeking that occurs despite adverse consequences. Males and females are differentially sensitive to ethanol (EtOH) reward, but it is unclear whether sex differences in EtOH seeking under reward-aversion conflict are present. METHODS To investigate sex differences in EtOH seeking under conflict, adult male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent chronic intermittent EtOH (CIE) exposure by vapor inhalation or served as air-exposed controls. After CIE, mice were trained in a modified EtOH conditioned place preference paradigm. During 3 conditioning sessions, 2 g/kg EtOH was administered prior to confinement in the "EtOH-paired" chamber. On alternating days, saline was injected prior to confinement in the "saline-paired" chamber. After conditioning, mice experienced a footshock in the EtOH-paired chamber. EtOH-seeking behavior was assessed before and after footshock. RESULTS Control and CIE-exposed males reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the reward-paired chamber following footshock. Control females did not alter EtOH-seeking behavior following footshock. CIE-exposed females spent more time in the EtOH-paired chamber at baseline. However, following a footshock, CIE-exposed females significantly reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the EtOH-paired chamber. CONCLUSIONS Nondependent female mice exhibited aversion-resistant alcohol seeking to a greater degree than males. Chronic EtOH exposure did not impact EtOH seeking in males. In females, CIE enhanced EtOH seeking in the absence of conflict, but reduced EtOH seeking after an aversive experience. While these sex-specific effects of CIE are not present when reward seeking is assessed in the absence of an aversive experience, multiple factors may underlie the differences in reward seeking despite adverse consequences, including reward- and aversion-related learning and decision making under conflict. These data highlight the importance of considering sex as a variable influencing EtOH seeking and provide a greater understanding of how sex interacts with EtOH exposure to alter behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowei Xie
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren A Buck
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathleen G Bryant
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline M Barker
- From the, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cunningham CL, Shields CN. Effects of multi-modal cues on conditioned place preference in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:3535-3543. [PMID: 30343365 PMCID: PMC6298874 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous work has shown that some mouse strains (e.g., DBA/2J [D2]) readily develop robust ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) while others (e.g., C57BL/6J [B6]) do not. Though commonly interpreted as a difference between strains in sensitivity to ethanol reward, other explanations for this finding are possible. OBJECTIVES To explore the hypothesis that variation in sensitivity to contextual cues underlies CPP differences, the present work investigated ethanol-induced CPP in D2 and B6 mice trained with a standard tactile (floor) cue procedure compared to mice trained with tactile plus visual-spatial cues. METHODS In an unbiased CPP procedure, mice were assigned to either a single element cue (one-compartment apparatus with tactile cue presented in the dark) or multi-modal cues (two-compartment apparatus with distinct tactile floors and lights on). To track CPP development, mice received preference tests during training in addition to a final test. RESULTS Adding visual-spatial cues accelerated CPP acquisition in both D2 and B6 mice. However, this enhancement was observed after just one ethanol-conditioning trial in D2 mice, but was observed only after four ethanol-conditioning trials in B6 mice. Differences between groups trained with single or multi-modal cues disappeared as conditioning reached asymptote, with D2 mice showing a more rapid loss of the effect and a higher maximum CPP. CONCLUSIONS Although multi-modal cues produce more rapid conditioning, their inability to reduce or eliminate strain differences in CPP supports the interpretation that these strains differ in their sensitivity to ethanol reward.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bendorius M, Po C, Muller S, Jeltsch-David H. From Systemic Inflammation to Neuroinflammation: The Case of Neurolupus. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3588. [PMID: 30428632 PMCID: PMC6274746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It took decades to arrive at the general consensus dismissing the notion that the immune system is independent of the central nervous system. In the case of uncontrolled systemic inflammation, the relationship between the two systems is thrown off balance and results in cognitive and emotional impairment. It is specifically true for autoimmune pathologies where the central nervous system is affected as a result of systemic inflammation. Along with boosting circulating cytokine levels, systemic inflammation can lead to aberrant brain-resident immune cell activation, leakage of the blood⁻brain barrier, and the production of circulating antibodies that cross-react with brain antigens. One of the most disabling autoimmune pathologies known to have an effect on the central nervous system secondary to the systemic disease is systemic lupus erythematosus. Its neuropsychiatric expression has been extensively studied in lupus-like disease murine models that develop an autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome. These models are very useful for studying how the peripheral immune system and systemic inflammation can influence brain functions. In this review, we summarize the experimental data reported on murine models developing autoimmune diseases and systemic inflammation, and we explore the underlying mechanisms explaining how systemic inflammation can result in behavioral deficits, with a special focus on in vivo neuroimaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mykolas Bendorius
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
| | - Chrystelle Po
- ICube UMR 7357, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hélène Jeltsch-David
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
| |
Collapse
|