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Park MB, Wang JM, Bulwer BE. Global Dieting Trends and Seasonality: Social Big-Data Analysis May Be a Useful Tool. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041069. [PMID: 33806069 PMCID: PMC8064504 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored online search interest in dieting and weight loss using big-data analysis with a view to its potential utility in global obesity prevention efforts. We applied big-data analysis to the global dieting trends collected from Google and Naver search engines from January 2004 to January 2018 using the search term “diet,” in selected six Northern and Southern Hemisphere countries; five Arab and Muslim countries grouped as conservative, semi-conservative, and liberal; and South Korea. Using cosinor analysis to evaluate the periodic flow of time series data, there was seasonality for global search interest in dieting and weight loss (amplitude = 6.94, CI = 5.33~8.56, p < 0.000) with highest in January and the lowest in December for both Northern and Southern Hemisphere countries. Seasonal dieting trend in the Arab and Muslim countries was present, but less remarkable (monthly seasonal seasonality, amplitude = 4.07, CI = 2.20~5.95, p < 0.000). For South Korea, seasonality was noted on Naver (amplitude = 11.84, CI = 7.62~16.05, p < 0.000). Our findings suggest that big-data analysis of social media can be an adjunct in tackling important public health issues like dieting, weight loss, obesity, and food fads, including the optimal timing of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Bae Park
- Department of Gerontal Health and Welfare, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-B.P.); (J.M.W.); (B.E.B.)
| | - Ju Mee Wang
- Department of Gerontal Health and Welfare, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Korea
- The Korean Cardiac Research Foundation, Seoul 04158, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-B.P.); (J.M.W.); (B.E.B.)
| | - Bernard E. Bulwer
- The Korean Cardiac Research Foundation, Seoul 04158, Korea
- BEB-Noninvasive Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: (M.-B.P.); (J.M.W.); (B.E.B.)
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Assessing the importance of relative body weight in shaping life satisfaction: Evidence from 1 million Americans. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Park B, Cho HN, Choi E, Seo DH, Kim S, Park YR, Choi KS, Rhee Y. Self-perceptions of body weight status according to age-groups among Korean women: A nationwide population-based survey. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210486. [PMID: 30653596 PMCID: PMC6336301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While numerous studies have investigated body image, including body weight perception, most of which have focused on adolescents or young women, few studies have attempted to evaluate body weight perceptions in adult women according to age groups. This study was conducted to investigate the accuracy of self-perceived weight and actual body mass index (BMI) values among adult Korean women according to age. We used data from the 2016 Korean Study of Women's Health Related Issues, a population-based, nationwide, cross-sectional survey. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Participants were asked to describe their body image by choosing one of the following descriptions: very underweight, underweight, about right, overweight, or obese. The proportions of women aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years who underestimated their body weight relative to their actual BMI category were 12.6%, 15.1%, 22.2%, 34.0%, 45.6%, and 50.7%, respectively; those who overestimated their body weight comprised 18.7%, 17.8%, 14.3%, 10.8%, and 7.4%. In all BMI categories, the proportion of those who overestimated their weight status increased as age decreased, while those who underestimated their weight status increased as age increased. After adjusting for possible covariates, age was strongly associated with both underestimation and overestimation. The odds ratio for underestimating one's weight status among women aged 70-79 yeas was 2.96 (95% CI: 2.10-4.18), and that for overestimation was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.35-0.79), compared to women aged 20-29 years. Age is the most important factor associated with weight perceptions among Korean women, affecting both underestimation and overestimation of weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Na Cho
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Choi
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hea Seo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Ran Park
- Department of Silver Industry, Kangnam University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kui Son Choi
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KSC); (YR)
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KSC); (YR)
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Yan H, Wu Y, Oniffrey T, Brinkley J, Zhang R, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen G, Li R, Moore JB. Body Weight Misperception and Its Association with Unhealthy Eating Behaviors among Adolescents in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050936. [PMID: 29738429 PMCID: PMC5981975 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine associations between body weight misperception and eating behaviors among Chinese adolescents. Students (N = 2641) from a middle school and a high school in Wuhan, China participated in a cross-sectional study in May 2016. A questionnaire based on the World Health Organization’s Global School-Based Student Health Survey was employed to assess responses. Self-reported data, including weight, height, body weight perception, and eating habits, were collected. Body Mass Index (BMI) for age z-score was calculated from self-reported height and weight using WHO AnthroPlus. We used descriptive, logistic regression analysis and a Kappa test to analyze the data using SPSS. Overall, 56.6% of participants did not correctly categorize their weight status; these were much more likely to be girls. Compared with the correctly-perceived group, those who underestimated their weight tended to report eating late at night, having dinners with family, and checking nutrition labels. In contrast, weight overestimating students were less likely to report eating late at night, having breakfasts with family, having dinners with family, and discussing nutrition topics over meals. Body weight misperception was associated with unhealthy eating behaviors among Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Yan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yingru Wu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | | | | | - Rui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xinge Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yueqiao Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Justin B Moore
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was repeatedly shown that lower income is associated with higher risks for subsequent obesity. However, the perspective of a potential reverse causality is often neglected, in which obesity is considered a cause for lower income, when obese people drift into lower-income jobs due to labour-market discrimination and public stigmatisation. This review was performed to explore the direction of the relation between income and obesity by specifically assessing the importance of social causation and reverse causality. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in January 2017. The databases Medline, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, International Bibliography of Social Sciences and Sociological Index were screened to identify prospective cohort studies with quantitative data on the relation between income and obesity. Meta-analytic methods were applied using random-effect models, and the quality of studies assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS In total, 21 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. All included studies originated from either the USA (n=16), the UK (n=3) or Canada (n=2). From these, 14 studies on causation and 7 studies on reverse causality were found. Meta-analyses revealed that lower income is associated with subsequent obesity (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.47; risk ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.13), though the statistical significance vanished once adjusted for publication bias. Studies on reverse causality indicated a more consistent relation between obesity and subsequent income, even after taking publication bias into account (standardised mean difference -0.15, 95% CI -0.30 to 0.01). Sensitivity analyses implied that the association is influenced by obesity measurement, gender, length of observation and study quality. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that there is more consistent evidence for reverse causality. Therefore, there is a need to examine reverse causality processes in more detail to understand the relation between income and obesity. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER 42016041296.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jun Kim
- Department of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olaf von dem Knesebeck
- Department of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Craike M, Young JA, Symons CM, Pain MD, Harvey JT, Eime RM, Payne WR. Trends in body image of adolescent females in metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions: a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1143. [PMID: 27825373 PMCID: PMC5101732 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body dissatisfaction is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including impaired psychological health, low physical activity and disordered eating. This longitudinal study used the Factors Influencing Transitions in Girls' Active Leisure and Sport (FITGALS) dataset to examine trends in body image of adolescent females. Specifically, the study examined satisfaction with body size, physical appearance and dieting behaviour for two cohorts at transitional life phases in two geographic regions longitudinally over a 3-year period. METHODS A sample of 732 adolescent females in Grade 7 (n = 489, 66.8 %) and Grade 11 (n = 243, 33.2 %) at randomly selected Australian metropolitan and non-metropolitan secondary schools responded to a questionnaire in three successive years from 2008 to 2010. Participants reported perceptions about their body size and physical appearance and whether they were, or ought to be, on a diet. The data were analysed using a series of longitudinal logistic regression models. RESULTS Dieting and dissatisfaction with body size significantly increased over time and more so for older than younger girls. Region significantly moderated the effect of grade level regarding dissatisfaction with body size but not dieting. In non-metropolitan regions, those in the younger cohort were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied with their body size than the older cohort; whereas in metropolitan regions, those in the older cohort were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied with their body size than the younger cohort. Adolescent female's perceptions of their appearance were unchanged over time, region and grade level. CONCLUSIONS Differences across time, region and grade level were found among adolescent females on body size and dieting behaviour, but not physical appearance. Adolescent females experience early and increasing body size dissatisfaction and dieting as they age, but stable perceptions of physical appearance. Age and geographic region are important considerations for the timing and targeting of interventions to address body image concerns. Further investigation of regional differences in body image perceptions and factors that affect these is warranted. The findings of this study highlight the ongoing need for strategies during adolescence to promote a healthy appreciation of body size and appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Craike
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - J. A. Young
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - C. M. Symons
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - M. D. Pain
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - J. T. Harvey
- School of Health Sciences, Federation University, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria 3353 Australia
| | - R. M. Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Federation University, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria 3353 Australia
| | - W. R. Payne
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001 Australia
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Lee SA, Jang SY, Shin J, Ju YJ, Nam JY, Park EC. The Association between Inappropriate Weight Control Behaviors and Suicide Ideation and Attempt among Korean Adolescents. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1529-37. [PMID: 27550479 PMCID: PMC4999393 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents globally, and body weight is also a recognized reason for adolescent suicide. Therefore, we investigated the association between weight control behaviors (WCB) and suicide ideation and attempt, focusing on inappropriate weight control measures. We used data from the 2014 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, representing a total of 35,224 boys and 34,361 girls aged 12 to 18 years. Adolescents were classified into groups based on WCB: appropriate WCB, inappropriate WCB, and no WCB. We performed logistic regression models to examine associations between WCB and suicide ideation and attempt, controlling for covariates. Both boys and girls with inappropriate WCB were more likely to report suicide ideation and attempt. Underweight and normal weight boys with inappropriate WCB were more likely to think or attempt suicide, and underweight girls with inappropriate WCB were also more likely to attempt suicide. Among five common WCB combinations, the combination of "regular exercise, fasting, eating less" was highly associated with suicide ideation and attempt. We confirmed that inappropriate WCB is associated with suicide ideation and attempt among Korean adolescents. Given the high incidence rate of suicide among adolescents and the adverse effect of inappropriate WCB, encouraging adolescents to control their weight in healthy ways is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Yong Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Ju
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Young Nam
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Richard A, Rohrmann S, Lohse T, Eichholzer M. Is body weight dissatisfaction a predictor of depression independent of body mass index, sex and age? Results of a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:863. [PMID: 27558007 PMCID: PMC4995657 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association of dissatisfaction with body weight - a component of body image - with depression in individuals of different sex, age, and with different body mass index (BMI). Hence, the aim of our study was to evaluate the association of body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) with depression in different sub-groups. METHODS We analyzed data of 15,975 individuals from the cross-sectional 2012 Swiss Health Survey. Participants were asked about their body weight satisfaction. The validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to ascertain depression. Age was stratified into three groups (18-29, 30-59, and ≥60 years). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported body height and weight and categorized into underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)). The association between body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and depression was assessed with logistic regression analyses and odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were computed. RESULTS BWD was associated with depression in the overall group (OR 2.04, 95 % CI 1.66-2.50) as well as in men (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.34-2.56) and women (OR 2.25, 95 % CI 1.71-2.96) independent of BMI. The stratification by age groups showed significant associations of BWD with depression in young (OR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.16-2.74), middle-aged (OR 2.10, 95 % CI 1.61-2.74) and old individuals (OR 2.34, 95 % CI 1.30-4.23) independent of BMI. Stratification by BMI categories resulted in statistically significant positive associations of BWD and depression in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. CONCLUSION BWD was associated with depression independent of BMI, sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Richard
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tina Lohse
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Eichholzer
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Brook JS, Lee JY, Finch SJ, Balka EB, Brook DW. Physical factors, personal characteristics, and substance use: associations with obesity. Subst Abus 2014; 34:273-6. [PMID: 23844958 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2013.770425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because obesity has become a major public health problem, attention to a range of its predictors is needed. This study examined the association of physical factors, personal characteristics, and substance use with obesity in a sample (N = 815) of African American and Puerto Rican young adults with a mean age of 32. METHODS Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to assess obesity. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Bivariate analyses showed that protective factors such as physical activity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = .82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .74-.91), healthy diet (AOR = .96, 95% CI = .93-.99), self-control (AOR = .93, 95% CI = .87-.98), and life satisfaction (AOR = .97, 95% CI = .95-.99) were associated with a reduced probability of being obese. Marijuana use was also associated with a decreased probability of obesity (AOR = .89, 95% CI = .80-.99), but was not considered a protective factor. Risk factors such as short sleep duration (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.24-2.33) and depressive mood (AOR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.09) were associated with an increased probability of being obese. CONCLUSIONS For African Americans and Puerto Ricans, programs to treat obesity should focus on increasing sleep, physical activity, and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith S Brook
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Body size perception and weight control in youth: 9-year international trends from 24 countries. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38:988-94. [PMID: 24722544 PMCID: PMC4090285 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To examine nine-year trends and relationships regarding misperceptions of body size and dieting for weight loss among adolescents from 24 countries, and explore the influence of country-level overweight prevalence. Methods Socio-demographic characteristics, body size perception, and dieting for weight loss were assessed in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey conducted in 24 countries cross-sectionally at three time points (2001/02, 2005/06, 2009/10). Logistic regression models examined change over time in overestimation of body size in non-overweight adolescents, underestimation of body size in overweight adolescents, dieting for weight loss in non-overweight and overweight adolescents, and relationships between body size perception and dieting. Analyses were stratified by weight status and sex. Covariates included country-level overweight prevalence, family affluence, and country level of development. Body mass index was only included in models examining dieting for weight loss. Results Country-level overweight prevalence increased over time (11.6% to 14.7%). Compared to Time 1, overweight adolescents had greater odds of body size underestimation at Time 3 (OR=1.68 for girls, OR=1.10 for boys), while non-overweight adolescents had lower odds of body size overestimation at Time 3 (OR=0.87 for girls, OR=0.89 for boys). Controlling for country-level overweight prevalence attenuated these relationships. Compared to Time 1, overweight and non-overweight boys were 10% more likely to diet at Time 3, while overweight and non-overweight girls were 19% and 16%, respectively, less likely to diet at Time 3. Controlling for country-level overweight prevalence did not impact trends in dieting for weight loss. Additionally, the association of self-perceived overweight with increased odds of dieting diminished over time. Conclusions Body size perceptions among adolescents may have changed over time concurrent with shifts in country-level body weight. However, controlling for country-level overweight prevalence did not impact trends in dieting for weight loss, suggesting a potentially stronger impact of social comparison on weight-related perceptions than on behavior.
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Esposito M, Gallai B, Roccella M, Marotta R, Lavano F, Lavano SM, Mazzotta G, Bove D, Sorrentino M, Precenzano F, Carotenuto M. Anxiety and depression levels in prepubertal obese children: a case-control study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014; 10:1897-902. [PMID: 25336955 PMCID: PMC4200069 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s69795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood obesity has become a worldwide epidemic in Western and in developing countries and has been accompanied by many serious and severe comorbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea syndrome, depression, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose homeostasis, steatohepatitis, and intracranial hypertension, as well as medical concerns unique to youth, such as accelerated pubertal and skeletal development and orthopedic disorders. To date, no specific studies about the psychological assessment in pediatric obesity are present. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the putative relationship between psychological troubles and obesity in a sample of school-aged children. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consists of 148 obese subjects (body mass index [BMI] >95th percentile) (69 males, mean age 8.9±1.23 years) consecutively referred from clinical pediatricians to the Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry department at the Second University of Naples. In all subjects, weight, height, and BMI z-score were evaluated. In order to assess the anxiety levels and the presence of depressive symptoms, the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Italian Self-Administered Psychiatric Scales for Children and Adolescents (SAFA) were administered. The control group consisted of 273 healthy children (129 males and 144 females) (mean age 9.1±1.8 years), enrolled in schools within the Campania region of Italy. RESULTS No significant differences between the two study groups were found for age (8.9±1.23 years in the obese sample and 9.1±1.8 years in the control group) (P=0.228) or sex (ratio male/female: 69/79 in the obese group versus 129/144 in the control group) (P=0.983). Obviously, significant difference was found for the BMI z-score (2.46±0.31 in the obese group vs 0.73±0.51 in the control group) (P<0.001). The obese subjects showed significant higher level of depressive symptoms (CDI total score) (16.82±7.73 vs 8.2±2.9) (P<0.001) and anxiety (SAFA - Anxiety [SAFA-A]) scale score (58.71±11.84 vs 27.75±11.5) (P<0.001) compared with the control group. Moreover, the Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between the BMI z-score and both the CDI (r=0.677; P<0.001) and SAFA-A scores (r=0.591; P<0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings highlighted the importance of assessing the presence of internalizing problems, such as anxiety and depression, in the common management of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Esposito
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Beatrice Gallai
- Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Roccella
- Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Marotta
- Department of Psychiatry, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Lavano
- Department of Psychiatry, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Mazzotta
- Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, AUSL Umbria 2, Terni, Italy
| | - Domenico Bove
- Centro per la Diagnosi e Cura dei Disturbi dell'apprendimento e del Comportamento Associazione per la ricerca scientifica Fusis, Alvignano, Italy
| | - Michele Sorrentino
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Precenzano
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Xie B, Ishibashi K, Lin C, Peterson DV, Susman EJ. Overweight trajectories and psychosocial adjustment among adolescents. Prev Med 2013; 57:837-43. [PMID: 24075819 PMCID: PMC3903344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have investigated overweight trajectories and psychosocial adjustment among adolescents. We conducted analyses with data from the multisite Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). METHODS The sample included 1350 youths born in 1991. Data consisted of repeated measures of weight, height, and multiple subscales of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) from age 9 to age 15. RESULTS Three trajectory patterns were identified: never/rarely overweight/obese (59.5%), late start/light overweight/obese (12.1%), and chronically/heavy overweight/obese (28.4%). Youths with chronically/heavy overweight/obese trajectory pattern had significantly higher scores of internalizing problems over time, as well as syndrome subscales of somatic complaints, social problems and social withdrawal over time than youths with the never/rare overweight/obese trajectory pattern. There was no significant difference in either broad-band behavioral problems or narrow-band syndrome subscales between youths with the never/rare overweight/obese trajectory pattern and those with the late start/light overweight/obesity trajectory pattern. CONCLUSIONS Study findings may advance knowledge on the distinct developmental trajectory patterns of overweight youth and their linkages to the psychosocial adjustment during the period of pubertal transition. The results highlight the need for future prevention research to improve the physical development and mental well-being of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
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13
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Weight misperception, self-reported physical fitness, dieting and some psychological variables as risk factors for eating disorders. Nutrients 2013; 5:4486-502. [PMID: 24232917 PMCID: PMC3847744 DOI: 10.3390/nu5114486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the current study were to explore possible gender differences in weight misperception, self-reported physical fitness, and dieting, and to analyze the relationship between these variables and others, such as self-esteem, body appreciation, general mental health, and eating- and body image-related variables among adolescents. In addition, the specific risk for eating disorders was examined, as well as the possible clusters with respect to the risk status. The sample comprised 655 students, 313 females and 342 males, aged 16.22 ± 4.58. Different scales of perceived overweight, self-reported physical fitness and dieting together with the Body Mass Index (BMI) were considered along with instruments such as the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) and Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2). Since some gender differences were found with respect to these adolescent groups, it is necessary to design prevention programs that not only focus on traditional factors such as BMI or body image, but also on elements like weight perception, self-reported fitness and nutritional education.
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Jay M, Wijetunga NA, Stepney C, Dorsey K, Chua DM, Bruzzese JM. The Relationship between Asthma and Obesity in Urban Early Adolescents. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND PULMONOLOGY 2012; 25:159-167. [PMID: 22970423 PMCID: PMC3429276 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2012.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and obesity, which have reached epidemic proportions, impact urban youth to a great extent. Findings are inconsistent regarding their relationship; no studies have considered asthma management. We explored the association of obesity and asthma-related morbidity, asthma-related health care utilization, and asthma management in urban adolescents with uncontrolled asthma. We classified 373 early adolescents (mean age=12.8 years; 82% Hispanic or Black) from New York City public middle schools into 4 weight categories: normal (body mass index [BMI]<85th percentile); overweight (85th percentile≤BMI<95th percentile); obese (95th percentile≤BMI<97th percentile); and very obese (BMI≥97th percentile). We compared sample obesity prevalence to national estimates, and tested whether weight categories predicted caregiver reported asthma outcomes, adjusting for age and race/ethnicity. Obesity prevalence was 37%, with 28% of the sample being very obese; both rates were significantly higher than national estimates. We found no significant differences in asthma-related health care utilization or asthma management between weight categories, and a few differences in asthma-related morbidity. Relative to normal weight and obese youth, overweight youth had higher odds of never having any days with asthma-related activity limitations. They also had higher odds of never having asthma-related school absences compared with obese youth. Overweight youth with asthma-related activity limitations had more days with limitations compared with normal weight youth. Overweight, but not obese youth, missed more school due to asthma than normal weight youth. Overweight and obesity prevalence was very high in urban, Hispanic, and Black adolescents with uncontrolled asthma, but not strongly associated with asthma-related morbidity, asthma-related health care utilization, or asthma management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Jay
- Division of General Internal Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - N. Ari Wijetunga
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York
| | - Cesalie Stepney
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Karen Dorsey
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Danica Marie Chua
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jean-Marie Bruzzese
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Kocełak P, Chudek J, Naworska B, Bąk-Sosnowska M, Kotlarz B, Mazurek M, Madej P, Skrzypulec-Plinta V, Skałba P, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M. Psychological disturbances and quality of life in obese and infertile women and men. Int J Endocrinol 2012; 2012:236217. [PMID: 22844280 PMCID: PMC3403244 DOI: 10.1155/2012/236217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anovulatory cycles and endometriosis are the main causes of female infertility. The most frequently anovulatory cycles are related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly associated with obesity and hormonal disturbances in the course of obesity. Recently published studies revealed that infertility affects about one in six couples during their lifetime and is more frequent in obese. Obesity is also associated with male infertility related to erectile dysfunction, hormonal disturbances and lower semen quality. Any of these above mentioned disorder is the important risk factor of psychological disturbances and poor quality of life among women and men in the reproductive age. On the other hand the mood disorders may exacerbate the hormonal disturbances and worsen the effectiveness of infertility management. Infertility, its therapy with accompanying psychological disturbances may also significantly affect the partners relationships. The review summarize the results described in the current literature on the association between obesity and infertility and psychological disturbances as well as their impact on quality of life and sexual functioning in women and men. Moreover, the impact of infertility and psychological disturbances on partners relationships is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kocełak
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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Acosta-Pérez E, Canino G, Ramírez R, Prelip M, Martin M, Ortega AN. Do Puerto Rican youth with asthma and obesity have higher odds for mental health disorders? PSYCHOSOMATICS 2012; 53:162-71. [PMID: 22284423 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Island Puerto Rican (PR) youth experience disproportionately high asthma and obesity rates compared with other racial/ethnic groups on the U.S. mainland. Previous research has demonstrated associations of chronic disease with psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship among anxiety/depressive disorders, asthma, and obesity in an epidemiologic community sample of youth. METHODS The sample (n = 656) was derived from the second wave of an island-wide probabilistic representative household sample of PR youth stratified and based on whether or not they had a diagnosis of asthma and/or depressive/anxiety disorder. For this study, we used the subpopulation ages 10-19 years. RESULTS Asthma and obesity were significantly related to higher odds of depressive/anxiety disorders in youth. Obesity moderated the relationship between asthma attacks and depressive/anxiety disorders. The relationship between asthma attack and higher odds for depressive/anxiety disorders was only present in the non-obese group. Among the obese, females show a significant increase from 11% to 36% in the prevalence of anxiety/depressive disorders. Asthma and obesity were highly prevalent and a significant association was found between asthma attack and depressive/anxiety disorders. The effects of asthma and obesity were not additive; the prevalence for psychiatric disorder for those having both conditions did not increase above the prevalence associated having only one of the conditions. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should consider including longitudinal designs and examine the extent to which important variables not included in this study, such as body image dissatisfaction (particularly among females), teasing, and discrimination may moderate the relationship among obesity and depressive and anxiety disorders in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Acosta-Pérez
- Behavioral Science Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
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Ojala K, Tynjälä J, Välimaa R, Villberg J, Kannas L. Overweight Adolescents' Self-Perceived Weight and Weight Control Behaviour: HBSC Study in Finland 1994-2010. J Obes 2012; 2012:180176. [PMID: 22690329 PMCID: PMC3368427 DOI: 10.1155/2012/180176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Overweight and perception of being overweight, may lead adolescent to lose weight. The aim of the present study was to investigate overweight adolescents' self-perceived weight, body dissatisfaction, and weight control behaviour during 1994-2010 in Finland. Methods. The country-representative, cross-sectional data of 15-year olds were obtained from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, conducted in 1994 (N = 1194; males: 48%), 1998 (N = 1545; 49%), 2002 (N = 1745; 50%), 2006 (N = 1670; 47%), and 2010 (N = 2082; 48%). Results. The majority of overweight boys (62-69%) and girls (89-100%) assessed themselves as too fat, and their body image was lower than in nonoverweight adolescents. The highest prevalence of current weight controlling was found in 2006 in males (18%) and in 2010 in females (39%). Conclusion. The phenomena were current and gender differences notable, but there was no statistically significant difference in overweight adolescents' self-perceived weight, body dissatisfaction, or weight control behaviour between survey years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Ojala
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- *Kristiina Ojala:
| | - Jorma Tynjälä
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Raili Välimaa
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lasse Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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Obesity, body dissatisfaction, and emotional well-being in early and late adolescence: findings from the project EAT study. J Adolesc Health 2011; 48:373-8. [PMID: 21402266 PMCID: PMC3214691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that, at two different stages of adolescence, impairment in emotional well-being associated with obesity is mediated by body dissatisfaction (BD). METHODS Self-reported measures of BD, emotional well-being (self-esteem, depressive mood), height and weight, and socio-demographic information were completed by the same female (n = 366) and male (n = 440) participants during early (mean age = 12.8 years) and late (17.3 years) adolescence. For each measure and at each time point, the hypothesis of mediation was tested using the methods suggested by Baron and Kenny (1986). RESULTS The conditions of complete mediation were satisfied in all the six cases for which an effect of obesity on emotional well-being was observed. That is, in each of these cases, obesity was no longer associated with lower self-esteem or with higher depressive mood after the effects of BD were statistically controlled. Among females, there was no association between obesity and depressive mood at either time point. CONCLUSION Impairment in the emotional well-being of overweight adolescents, where this is observed, may be primarily due to the effects of weight-related BD. This appears to be the case for both boys and girls and during both early and late adolescence. The findings are consistent with the view that BD is central to the health and well-being of children and adolescents who are overweight and that distress associated with negative body image may warrant greater attention in the context of obesity prevention and treatment programs.
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Tang J, Yu Y, Du Y, Ma Y, Zhu H, Liu Z. Association between actual weight status, perceived weight and depressive, anxious symptoms in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:594. [PMID: 20932280 PMCID: PMC3091556 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud The purpose of this study was to describe actual measured weight and perceived weight and to explore associations with depressive, anxiety symptoms in school adolescents in China. Methods A sample of 1144 Chinese adolescents was randomly selected from four schools in Wuhan, China, including 665 boys and 479 girls with ages ranging between 10 and 17 years. Actual measured weight and height and perceived weight status were compared to anxiety and depressive symptoms measured using the revised Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Children's Depression Inventory. A general linear model was used to compare differences in psychological symptoms among the teenagers with different measured and perceived weights. Results When compared with standardized weight tables (WHO age- and gender-specific body mass index (BMI) cutoffs (2007 reference)), girls were more likely to misperceive themselves as overweight, whereas more boys misclassified their weight status as underweight. The adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight were more likely to experience depressive and anxiety symptoms (except girls) than those who perceived themselves as normal and/or underweight. However, no significant association was found between depressive and anxiety symptoms actual measured weight status. Conclusions Perceived weight status, but not the actual weight status, was associated with psychological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Child, Adolescence & Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13rd Hongkong Road, Wuhan, PR China
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20
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Matziou V, Hatira K, Perdikaris P, Zachos I, Mellou K, Bakoula C. Weight status and depressive symptoms in 18 year-old Greek adolescents. Pediatr Rep 2010; 2:e16. [PMID: 21589829 PMCID: PMC3093995 DOI: 10.4081/pr.2010.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms in adolescence have been a subject of considerable controversy in terms of their nature, severity and identification. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible association between weight status and depressive symptoms among 18 year-old Greek adolescents. A cross-sectional study design was used. The study population consisted of 200 students of the University of Athens who fulfilled the following criteria: age 18 years, absence of clinical depression, no history of hospitalization in a mental institution, no history of alcohol abuse. Weight status was assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m(2)) and calculated from weight and height measurements. Severity of depressive symptoms was assessed by Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). In univariate analysis, CES-D score was significantly associated with adolescents' gender and BMI. The multivariate analysis showed that CES-D score was negatively related to BMI even after controlling the confounding effect of gender (P=0.018, B=-0.378). Depressive symptoms are related to weight status of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Matziou
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Pantelis Perdikaris
- Oncology Department, General Children's Hospital “P & A Kyriakou”, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zachos
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Kassiani Mellou
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Chryssa Bakoula
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Children's Hospital “Agia Sophia”, Athens, Greece
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Perrin EM, Boone-Heinonen J, Field AE, Coyne-Beasley T, Gordon-Larsen P. Perception of overweight and self-esteem during adolescence. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:447-54. [PMID: 19536882 PMCID: PMC2882505 DOI: 10.1002/eat.20710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine sex- and race/ethnicity-specific relationships between adolescents' self-esteem and weight perception. METHOD Descriptive analysis and logistic regression of Wave II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 6,427 males, 6,574 females; ages 11-21) examined associations between low self-esteem and perceived overweight within body mass index (BMI) percentile categories, controlling for sociodemographics and stratified by sex and race/ethnicity. RESULTS 25.1% and 8% of normal weight females and males, respectively, perceived themselves as overweight, with variation by race/ethnicity. Low self-esteem was most strongly associated with misperceived overweight in moderate BMI percentile categories (males: OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.60-3.41; females: OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.82, 3.16). Odds of correctly perceived overweight were higher for low (versus high) self-esteem in white and black females but not males of any race/ethnicity. DISCUSSION Understanding subgroup differences by race/ethnicity in perceived overweight-self-esteem relationships may inform eating disorders' prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana M. Perrin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Correspondence to: Eliana M. Perrin, MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 231 MacNider Building, CB 7225, 333 South Columbia St., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7225. E-mail:
| | - Janne Boone-Heinonen
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alison E. Field
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tamera Coyne-Beasley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Lo WS, Ho SY, Mak KK, Lai YK, Lam TH. Adolescents' experience of comments about their weight - prevalence, accuracy and effects on weight misperception. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:271. [PMID: 19642972 PMCID: PMC2731749 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weight comments are commonly received by adolescents, but the accuracy of the comments and their effects on weight misperception are unclear. We assessed the prevalence and accuracy of weight comments received by Chinese adolescents from different sources and their relation to weight misperception. Methods In the Hong Kong Student Obesity Surveillance (HKSOS) project 2006–07, 22612 students aged 11–18 (41.5% boys) completed a questionnaire on obesity. Students responded if family members, peers and professionals had seriously commented over the past 30 days that they were "too fat" or "too thin" in two separate questions. The accuracy of the comments was judged against the actual weight status derived from self-reported height and weight. Self-perceived weight status was also reported and any discordance with the actual weight status denoted weight misperception. Logistic regression yielded adjusted odd ratios for weight misperception by the type of weight comments received. Results One in three students received weight comments, and the mother was the most common source of weight comments. Health professional was the most accurate source of weight comments, yet less than half the comments were correct. Adolescents receiving incorrect comments had increased risk of having weight misperception in all weight status groups. Receiving conflicting comments was positively associated with weight misperception among normal weight adolescents. In contrast, underweight and overweight/obese adolescents receiving correct weight comments were less likely to have weight misperception. Conclusion Weight comments, mostly incorrect, were commonly received by Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong, and such incorrect comments were associated with weight misperception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Sze Lo
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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A structural equation model relating adiposity, psychosocial indicators of body image and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 33:588-96. [PMID: 19274053 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychosocial factors, including pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction, have been hypothesized to mediate the relationship between obesity and depression, especially during adolescence when vulnerability to social pressures around body shape and image is heightened. The objective was to test a model of the relationships among adiposity, psychosocial factors and depression in adolescents. METHOD In a population-based sample of 1127 boys and 1167 girls aged 13 and 16 years, a model of the relationships between adiposity, pressure to be thin, body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms was tested using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Among girls, adiposity accounted for 62% of the total effect of depressive symptoms through its association with pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction. Pressure to be thin was also uniquely related to depressive symptoms. Among boys, only body dissatisfaction was associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Results support a relationship between adiposity, body satisfaction, pressure to be thin and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms should be assessed in obese adolescents, and interventions to prevent and treat obesity should incorporate elements targeting body dissatisfaction.
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