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Cordner ZA, Khambadkone SG, Boersma GJ, Song L, Summers TN, Moran TH, Tamashiro KLK. Maternal high-fat diet results in cognitive impairment and hippocampal gene expression changes in rat offspring. Exp Neurol 2019; 318:92-100. [PMID: 31051155 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of a high-fat diet has long been known to increase risk for obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Further evidence strongly suggests that these same metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment later in life. Now faced with an expanding global burden of obesity and increasing prevalence of dementia due to an aging population, understanding the effects of high-fat diet consumption on cognition is of increasingly critical importance. Further, the developmental origins of many adult onset neuropsychiatric disorders have become increasingly clear, indicating a need to investigate effects of various risk factors, including diet, across the lifespan. Here, we use a rat model to assess the effects of maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation on cognition and hippocampal gene expression of offspring. Behaviorally, adult male offspring of high-fat fed dams had impaired object recognition memory and impaired spatial memory compared to offspring of chow-fed dams. In hippocampus, we found decreased expression of Insr, Lepr, and Slc2a1 (GLUT1) among offspring of high-fat fed dams at postnatal day 21. The decreased expression of Insr and Lepr persisted at postnatal day 150. Together, these data provide additional evidence to suggest that maternal exposure to high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation can have lasting effects on the brain, behavior, and cognition on adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Cordner
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Seva G Khambadkone
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gretha J Boersma
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lin Song
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tyler N Summers
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Timothy H Moran
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kellie L K Tamashiro
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 618, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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2
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Trakadis YJ, Sardaar S, Chen A, Fulginiti V, Krishnan A. Machine learning in schizophrenia genomics, a case-control study using 5,090 exomes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:103-112. [PMID: 29704323 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our hypothesis is that machine learning (ML) analysis of whole exome sequencing (WES) data can be used to identify individuals at high risk for schizophrenia (SCZ). This study applies ML to WES data from 2,545 individuals with SCZ and 2,545 unaffected individuals, accessed via the database of genotypes and phenotypes (dbGaP). Single nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions were annotated by ANNOVAR using the reference genome hg19/GRCh37. Rare (predicted functional) variants with a minor allele frequency ≤1% and genotype quality ≥90 including missense, frameshift, stop gain, stop loss, intronic, and exonic splicing variants were selected. A file containing all cases and controls, the names of genes with variants meeting our criteria, and the number of variants per gene for each individual, was used for ML analysis. The supervised machine-learning algorithm used the patterns of variants observed in the different genes to determine which subset of genes can best predict that an individual is affected. Seventy percent of the data was used to train the algorithm and the remaining 30% of data (n = 1,526) was used to evaluate its efficiency. The supervised ML algorithm, gradient boosted trees with regularization (eXtreme Gradient Boosting implementation) was the best performing algorithm yielding promising results (accuracy: 85.7%, specificity: 86.6%, sensitivity: 84.9%, area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve: 0.95). The top 50 features (genes) of the algorithm were analyzed using bioinformatics resources for new insights about the pathophysiology of SCZ. This manuscript presents a novel predictor which could potentially enable studies exploring disease-modifying intervention in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis J Trakadis
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sameer Sardaar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anthony Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vanessa Fulginiti
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ankur Krishnan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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3
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Enhanced Molecular Appreciation of Psychiatric Disorders Through High-Dimensionality Data Acquisition and Analytics. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2011:671-723. [PMID: 31273728 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9554-7_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The initial diagnosis, molecular investigation, treatment, and posttreatment care of major psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia and bipolar depression) are all still significantly hindered by the current inability to define these disorders in an explicit molecular signaling manner. High-dimensionality data analytics, using large datastreams from transcriptomic, proteomic, or metabolomic investigations, will likely advance both the appreciation of the molecular nature of major psychiatric disorders and simultaneously enhance our ability to more efficiently diagnose and treat these debilitating conditions. High-dimensionality data analysis in psychiatric research has been heterogeneous in aims and methods and limited by insufficient sample sizes, poorly defined case definitions, methodological inhomogeneity, and confounding results. All of these issues combine to constrain the conclusions that can be extracted from them. Here, we discuss possibilities for overcoming methodological challenges through the implementation of transcriptomic, proteomic, or metabolomics signatures in psychiatric diagnosis and offer an outlook for future investigations. To fulfill the promise of intelligent high-dimensionality data-based differential diagnosis in mental disease diagnosis and treatment, future research will need large, well-defined cohorts in combination with state-of-the-art technologies.
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4
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Valiati FE, Vasconcelos M, Lichtenfels M, Petry FS, de Almeida RMM, Schwartsmann G, Schröder N, de Farias CB, Roesler R. Administration of a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor into the Basolateral Amygdala Enhances Memory Consolidation, Delays Extinction, and Increases Hippocampal BDNF Levels. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:415. [PMID: 28701956 PMCID: PMC5487430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression related to the formation and modification of memories is regulated epigenetically by chromatin remodeling through histone acetylation. Memory formation and extinction can be enhanced by treatment with inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs). The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is a brain area critically involved in regulating memory for inhibitory avoidance (IA). However, previous studies have not examined the effects of HDAC inhibition in the amygdala on memory for IA. Here we show that infusion of an HDAC inhibitor (HDACi), trichostatin A (TSA), into the BLA, enhanced consolidation of IA memory in rats when given at 1.5, 3, or 6 h posttraining, but not when the drug was infused immediately after training. In addition, intra-BLA administration of TSA immediately after retrieval delayed extinction learning. Moreover, we show that intra-BLA TSA in rats given IA training increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the dorsal hippocampus, but not in the BLA itself. These findings reveal novel aspects of the regulation of fear memory by epigenetic mechanisms in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda E Valiati
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mailton Vasconcelos
- Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martina Lichtenfels
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Petry
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rosa M M de Almeida
- Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Schwartsmann
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline B de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer InstitutePorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
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5
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Dodd S, Fernandes BS, Dean OM. Future Directions for Pharmacotherapies for Treatment-resistant Bipolar Disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 13:656-62. [PMID: 26467413 PMCID: PMC4761635 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x13666150630175841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder (BD) are limited and efficacy has historically been discovered through serendipity. There is now scope for new drug development, focused on the underlying biology of BD that is not targeted by current therapies. The need for novel treatments is urgent when considering treatment resistant BD, where current therapies have failed. While established drugs targeting the monoamine systems continue to be worthwhile, new biological targets including inflammatory and oxidative an nitrosative pathways, apoptotic and neurotrophic pathways, mitochondrial pathways, the N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA)-receptor complex, the purinergic system, neuropeptide system, cholinergic system and melatonin pathways are all being identified as potential anchors for the discovery of new agents. Many agents are experimental and efficacy data is limited, however further investigation may provide a new line for drug discovery, previously stalled by lack of corporate interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olivia M Dean
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Petry FS, Dornelles AS, Lichtenfels M, Valiati FE, de Farias CB, Schwartsmann G, Parent MB, Roesler R. Histone deacetylase inhibition prevents the impairing effects of hippocampal gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonism on memory consolidation and extinction. Behav Brain Res 2016; 307:46-53. [PMID: 27025446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPR) regulate memory formation and extinction, and disturbances in GRPR signaling may contribute to cognitive impairment associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression involved in memory formation, and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) rescue memory deficits in several models. The present study determined whether inhibiting histone deacetylation would prevent memory impairments produced by GRPR blockade in the hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were given an intrahippocampal infusion of saline (SAL) or the HDACi sodium butyrate (NaB) shortly before inhibitory avoidance (IA) training, followed by an infusion of either SAL or the selective GRPR antagonist RC-3095 immediately after training. In a second experiment, the infusions were administered before and after a retention test trial that served as extinction training. As expected, RC-3095 significantly impaired consolidation and extinction of IA memory. More importantly, pretraining administration of NaB, at a dose that had no effect when given alone, prevented the effects of RC-3095. In addition, the combination of NaB and RC-3095 increased hippocampal levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These findings indicate that HDAC inhibition can protect against memory impairment caused by GRPR blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Petry
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Arethuza S Dornelles
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Martina Lichtenfels
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda E Valiati
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Schwartsmann
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marise B Parent
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Zhu T, Tang Q, Shen Y, Tang H, Chen L, Zhu J. An acellular cerebellar biological scaffold: Preparation, characterization, biocompatibility and effects on neural stem cells. Brain Res Bull 2015; 113:48-57. [PMID: 25791359 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial and regenerative medical research has diversified and developed rapidly. A biological scaffold consisting of an extracellular matrix (ECM) functions not only as a supportive material but also as a regulator of cellular functions. Although decellularized scaffolds have been widely applied for the repair of non-central nervous system (CNS) tissues, their efficacy in the CNS has not been extensively investigated. In this report, we describe a dynamic decellularization protocol that combined intracardial perfusion and a series of treatments to effectively remove the cellular components from the cerebellum, which is a unique and relatively simple CNS structure. The resulting cerebellar scaffold retained neurosupportive proteins and growth factors and, when tested with neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro, was found to be cytocompatible and to stimulate the proliferation and migration of these cells. NSCs that were cultured in vitro on the scaffold differentiated into neurons and astrocytes, as indicated by their expression of βIII-tubulin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Through subcutaneous and intracranial implantation experiments, this preliminary study demonstrated the in vivo biocompatibility of the cerebellar scaffold and indicated its potential for future applications. Thus, our study demonstrated that the cerebellar ECM scaffold provided tissue-specific advantages for regenerative medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qisheng Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yiwen Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Luping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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8
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Barichello T, Generoso JS, Simões LR, Steckert AV, Moreira AP, Dominguini D, Ferrari P, Gubert C, Kapczinski F, Jornada LK, Danielski LG, Petronilho F, Budni J, Quevedo J. Folic acid prevented cognitive impairment in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 122:643-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Antoniazzi CT, Boufleur N, Dolci G, Roversi K, Kuhn F, Pase CS, Dias VT, Roversi K, Barcelos R, Benvegnú DM, Bürger ME. Influence of neonatal tactile stimulation on amphetamine preference in young rats: Parameters of addiction and oxidative stress. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 124:341-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Barichello T, Generoso JS, Simões LR, Ceretta RA, Dominguini D, Ferrari P, Gubert C, Jornada LK, Budni J, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. Vitamin B6 prevents cognitive impairment in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1360-5. [PMID: 24903161 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214535896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the relevant cause of bacterial meningitis, with a high-mortality rate and long-term neurological sequelae, affecting up to 50% of survivors. Pneumococcal compounds are pro-inflammatory mediators that induce an innate immune response and tryptophan degradation through the kynurenine pathway. Vitamin B6 acts as a cofactor at the active sites of enzymes that catalyze a great number of reactions involved in the metabolism of tryptophan, preventing the accumulation of neurotoxic intermediates. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of vitamin B6 on memory and on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the brain of adult Wistar rats subjected to pneumococcal meningitis. The animals received either 10 µL of artificial cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) or an equivalent volume of S. pneumoniae suspension. The animals were divided into four groups: control, control treated with vitamin B6, meningitis, and meningitis treated with vitamin B6. Ten days after induction, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests: open-field task and step-down inhibitory avoidance task. In the open-field task, there was a significant reduction in both crossing and rearing in the control group, control/B6 group, and meningitis/B6 group compared with the training session, demonstrating habituation memory. However, the meningitis group showed no difference in motor and exploratory activity between training and test sessions, demonstrating memory impairment. In the step-down inhibitory avoidance task, there was a difference between training and test sessions in the control group, control/B6 group, and meningitis/B6 group, demonstrating aversive memory. In the meningitis group, there was no difference between training and test sessions, demonstrating impairment of aversive memory. In the hippocampus, BDNF expression decreased in the meningitis group when compared to the control group; however, adjuvant treatment with vitamin B6 increased BDNF expression in the meningitis group. Thus, vitamin B6 attenuated the memory impairment in animals subjected to pneumococcal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 77030, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Lutiana R Simões
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Renan A Ceretta
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Pâmela Ferrari
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Carolina Gubert
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Luciano K Jornada
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 77030, Houston, TX, USA Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - João Quevedo
- Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 77030, Houston, TX, USA Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 888806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
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11
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Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor signaling in the integration of stress and memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 112:44-52. [PMID: 24001571 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides act as signaling molecules that regulate a range of aspects of brain function. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a 27-amino acid mammalian neuropeptide, homolog of the amphibian peptide bombesin. GRP acts by binding to the GRP receptor (GRPR, also called BB2), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. GRP produced by neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) plays a role in synaptic transmission by activating GRPRs located on postsynaptic membranes, influencing several aspects of brain function. Here we review the role of GRP/GRPR as a system mediating both stress responses and the formation and expression of memories for fearful events. GRPR signaling might integrate the processing of stress and fear with synaptic plasticity and memory, serving as an important component of the set of neurobiological systems underlying the enhancement of memory storage by aversive information.
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12
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Pinheiro RMC, de Lima MNM, Fries GR, Garcia VA, Presti-Torres J, Hallmenschlager LH, Alcalde LA, Roesler R, Andersen ML, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F, Schröder N. Early life stress exacerbates cognitive dysfunction induced by d-amphetamine: amelioration by valproic acid. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2012; 119:627-37. [PMID: 22218930 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that experiences taking place early in life have a profound influence on brain development, interacting with the genetic background and determining differences in the vulnerability to the onset of bipolar disorder when the individual is exposed to a second adverse event later in life. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to an early adverse life event (maternal deprivation) and to a later adverse life event [D-amphetamine (AMPH)] on cognition in an animal model of mania. We have previously demonstrated that that repeated AMPH exposure produces severe and persistent cognitive impairment, which was more pronounced when the animals were maternal deprived, suggesting that the early adverse life event could be potentiating the effects of the exposure to the second adverse life event later in life. Here, we show that valproic acid ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by AMPH, but it was not effective when the animals were exposed to both stressors: maternal deprivation and AMPH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Mary Carvalho Pinheiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, Av Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 12D, Sala 340, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil
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Roesler R, Schwartsmann G. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain function and as a drug target. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:159. [PMID: 23251133 PMCID: PMC3523293 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides acting on specific cell membrane receptors of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily regulate a range of important aspects of nervous and neuroendocrine function. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a mammalian neuropeptide that binds to the GRP receptor (GRPR, BB2). Increasing evidence indicates that GRPR-mediated signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) plays an important role in regulating brain function, including aspects related to emotional responses, social interaction, memory, and feeding behavior. In addition, some alterations in GRP or GRPR expression or function have been described in patients with neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders, as well as in brain tumors. Findings from preclinical models are consistent with the view that the GRPR might play a role in brain disorders, and raise the possibility that GRPR agonists might ameliorate cognitive and social deficits associated with neurological diseases, while antagonists may reduce anxiety and inhibit the growth of some types of brain cancer. Further preclinical and translational studies evaluating the potential therapeutic effects of GRPR ligands are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Roesler
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neural Tumor Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational MedicinePorto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Rafael Roesler, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neural Tumor Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. e-mail:
| | - Gilberto Schwartsmann
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational MedicinePorto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
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de Lima MNM, Presti-Torres J, Vedana G, Alcalde LA, Stertz L, Fries GR, Roesler R, Andersen ML, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F, Schröder N. Early life stress decreases hippocampal BDNF content and exacerbates recognition memory deficits induced by repeated D-amphetamine exposure. Behav Brain Res 2011; 224:100-6. [PMID: 21645554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse experiences early in life may have profound influences on brain development, for example, determining alterations in response to psychostimulant drugs, an increased risk of developing a substance abuse disorder, and individual differences in the vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to an early adverse life event, maternal deprivation, combined with repeated d-amphetamine (AMPH) administration in adulthood, on recognition memory and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rats' brain and serum. Rats were exposed to one of the following maternal rearing conditions from postnatal days 1 to 14: non-deprived (ND) or deprived (D). In adulthood, both groups received injections of saline (SAL) or AMPH (2.0mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days. In Experiment I (performed 24h after the last AMPH injection), AMPH induced long-term memory (LTM) impairments in ND and D groups. The D+AMPH group also presented short-term memory (STM) impairments, indicating that the effects of AMPH on memory were more pronounced when the animals where maternally deprived. The group exposed to D+SAL (SAL) showed only LTM impairments. In Experiment II (performed 8 days after the last injection), AMPH detrimental effects on memory persisted in ND and D groups. BDNF levels were decreased in the hippocampus of D+SAL rats. In conclusion, AMPH produces severe and persistent recognition memory impairments that were more pronounced when the animals were maternally deprived, suggesting that an early adverse life event may increase the vulnerability of cognitive function to exposure to a psychostimulant later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noêmia Martins de Lima
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Goulart B, de Lima M, de Farias C, Reolon G, Almeida V, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F, Schröder N, Roesler R. Ketamine impairs recognition memory consolidation and prevents learning-induced increase in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. Neuroscience 2010; 167:969-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Valvassori SS, Moretti M, Kauer-Sant’Anna M, Roesler R, Petronilho F, Schwartsmann G, Kapczinski F, Dal-Pizzol F, Quevedo J. Effects of a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist on d-amphetamine-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2010; 117:309-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-010-0373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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