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Schroder JD, de Araújo JB, de Oliveira T, de Moura AB, Fries GR, Quevedo J, Réus GZ, Ignácio ZM. Telomeres: the role of shortening and senescence in major depressive disorder and its therapeutic implications. Rev Neurosci 2021; 33:227-255. [PMID: 34388328 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders, with a large number of patients not showing an effective therapeutic response to available treatments. Several biopsychosocial factors, such as stress in childhood and throughout life, and factors related to biological aging, may increase the susceptibility to MDD development. Included in critical biological processes related to aging and underlying biological mechanisms associated with MDD is the shortening of telomeres and changes in telomerase activity. This comprehensive review discusses studies that assessed the length of telomeres or telomerase activity and function in peripheral blood cells and brain tissues of MDD individuals. Also, results from in vitro protocols and animal models of stress and depressive-like behaviors were included. We also expand our discussion to include the role of telomere biology as it relates to other relevant biological mechanisms, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, inflammation, genetics, and epigenetic changes. In the text and the discussion, conflicting results in the literature were observed, especially considering the size of telomeres in the central nervous system, on which there are different protocols with divergent results in the literature. Finally, the context of this review is considering cell signaling, transcription factors, and neurotransmission, which are involved in MDD and can be underlying to senescence, telomere shortening, and telomerase functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Daniela Schroder
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julia Beatrice de Araújo
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tacio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Airam Barbosa de Moura
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Zuleide Maria Ignácio
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Monroy-Jaramillo N, Genis-Mendoza AD, Fresno C, Fries GR, Walss-Bass C, López Armenta M, García-Dolores F, Díaz-Otañez CE, Flores G, Vázquez-Roque RA, Nicolini H. Candidate pharmacological treatments for substance use disorder and suicide identified by gene co-expression network-based drug repositioning. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2021; 186:193-206. [PMID: 33403748 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with substance use disorders (SUD) are at high risk to die by suicide. So far, the neurobiology of the suicide-SUD association has not been elucidated. This study aimed to identify potential pharmacological targets among hub genes from brain gene co-expression networks of individuals with SUD in a suicidal and non-suicidal context. Post-mortem samples from the prefrontal cortex of 79 individuals were analyzed. Individuals were classified into the following groups: suicides with SUD (n = 28), suicides without SUD (n = 23), nonsuicides with SUD (n = 9), nonsuicides without SUD (n = 19). Gene expression profiles were evaluated with the Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 array. Co-expression networks were constructed in WGCNA using the differentially expressed genes found in the comparisons: (a) suicides with and without SUD and (b) nonsuicides with and without SUD. Hub genes were selected for drug-gene interaction testing in the DGIdb database. Among drugs interacting with hub genes in suicides we found MAOA inhibitors and dextromethorphan. In the nonsuicide individuals, we found interactions with eglumegad and antipsychotics (olanzapine, clozapine, loxapine). Modafinil was found to interact with genes in both suicides and nonsuicides. These drugs represent possible candidate treatments for patients with SUD with and without suicidal behavior and their study in each context is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,PECEM, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Department of Technological Development, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Fresno C, Monroy-Jaramillo N, Fries GR, Walss-Bass C, Glahn DC, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Mendoza-Morales RC, García-Dolores F, Díaz-Otañez CE, González-Sáenz EE, Genis-Mendoza AD, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Romero-Pimentel AL, Flores G, Vázquez-Roque RA, Nicolini H. Sex differences in brain gene expression among suicide completers. J Affect Disord 2020; 267:67-77. [PMID: 32063575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide rates vary substantially by sex. Suicides committed by males significantly outnumber female suicides. Disparities in community and social factors provide a partial explanation for this phenomenon. Thus, the evaluation of sex differences at a biological level might contribute to the elucidation of the factors involved in this imbalance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sex-specific gene expression patterns in the suicidal brain. METHODS postmortem samples from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 75 Latino individuals were analyzed. We considered the following groups: i) male suicides (n = 38), ii) female suicides (n = 10), iii) male controls (n = 20), and iv) female controls (n = 7). Gene expression profiles were evaluated by microarrays. Differentially expressed genes among the groups were identified with a linear model. Similarities and differences in the gene sets between the sexes were identified. RESULTS Differentially expressed genes were identified between suicides and controls of each sex: 1,729 genes in females and 1,997 genes in males. Female-exclusive suicide genes were related to cell proliferation and immune response. Meanwhile, male-exclusive suicide genes were associated to DNA binding and ribonucleic protein complex. Sex-independent suicide genes showed enrichment in mitochondrial and vesicular functions. LIMITATIONS Relatively small sample size. Our diagnosis approach was limited to information found on coroner's records. The analysis was limited to a single brain area (DLPFC) and we used microarrays. CONCLUSION Previously unexplored sex differences in the brain gene expression of suicide completers were identified, providing valuable foundation for the evaluation of sex-specific factors in suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico; PECEM, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Technological Development Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, United States
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, United States
| | - David C Glahn
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Romero-Pimentel
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Fresno C, Monroy-Jaramillo N, Fries GR, Walss-Bass C, Glahn DC, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Genis-Mendoza AD, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Romero-Pimentel AL, Díaz-Otañez CE, García-Dolores F, González-Sáenz EE, Mendoza-Morales RC, Flores G, Vázquez-Roque R, Nicolini H. Brain Gene Expression Profiling of Individuals With Dual Diagnosis Who Died by Suicide. J Dual Diagn 2020; 16:177-190. [PMID: 31774731 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2019.1692160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Dual diagnosis (DD) is the co-occurrence of at least one substance use disorder and one or more mental disorders in a given individual. Despite this comorbidity being highly prevalent and associated with adverse clinical outcomes, its neurobiology remains unclear. Furthermore, patients with DD are at higher risk for suicidal behavior in comparison with single disorder patients. Our objective was to evaluate brain gene expression patterns in individuals with DD who died by suicide. Methods: We compared the gene expression profile in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of suicides with DD (n = 10) to the transcriptome of suicides with substance use disorder alone (n = 10), suicides with mood disorders (MD) alone (n = 13), and suicides without mental comorbidities (n = 5). Gene expression profiles were assessed by microarrays. In addition, we performed a brain cell type enrichment to evaluate whether the gene expression profiles could reflect differences in cell type compositions among the groups. Results: When comparing the transcriptome of suicides with DD to suicides with substance use disorder alone and suicides with MD alone, we identified 255 and 172 differentially expressed genes (DEG), respectively. The overlap of DEG between both comparisons (112 genes) highlighted the presence of common disrupted pathways in substance use disorder and MD. When comparing suicides with DD to suicides without mental comorbidities, we identified 330 DEG, mainly enriched in neurogenesis. Cell type enrichment indicated higher levels of glial markers in suicides with DD compared to the other groups. Conclusions: Suicides with DD exhibited a gene expression profile distinct from that of suicides with a single disorder, being substance use disorder or MD, and suicides without mental disorders. Our results suggest alteration in the expression of genes involved in glial specific markers, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in suicides with DD compared to suicides with a single disorder and suicides without mental comorbidities. Alterations in the expression of synaptic genes at different levels were found in substance use disorder and MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,PECEM, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Computational Genomics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Romero-Pimentel
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Eli Elier González-Sáenz
- High Specialty Program in Legal and Forensic Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital Fray Bernardino Álvarez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rubén Vázquez-Roque
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Viola TW, Heberle BA, Zaparte A, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Wainer LM, Fries GR, Walss-Bass C, Grassi-Oliveira R. Peripheral blood microRNA levels in females with cocaine use disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 114:48-54. [PMID: 31026664 PMCID: PMC6546503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing emphasis in the field of psychiatry on the need to identify candidate biomarkers to aid in diagnosis and clinical management of addictive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small nucleotide sequences with the ability to regulate gene expression at the transcriptomic level. However, the role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for addiction is still underexplored. Based on translational and clinical findings, we compared the expression levels of microRNA-124 (miR-124), microRNA-181 (miR-181), and microRNA-212 (miR-212) between a group of females with cocaine use disorder (CUD; n = 30) and a group of healthy female controls (HC; n = 20). METHODS Blood expression levels of miR-124, miR-181, and miR-212 in the HC and CUD group were determined by qPCR, using two miRNAs as endogenous controls (miR-24 and miR-126). Substance use behavior was assessed by self-report using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) and depressive symptoms severity was measured using the Beck Depressive Inventory (BDI-II). Urine screen test was performed to detect cocaine metabolites. RESULTS Mir-124 and miR-181 were upregulated in the CUD group (p > 0.01). Furthermore, increased cognitive/affective depression symptoms were identified among a CUD subgroup with the higher miR-181 expression levels (p > 0.05). No significant difference in expression levels was found for miR-212. CONCLUSIONS MiR-124 and miR-181 show promise as biomarkers for CUD when assessed in the peripheral blood. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations and to validate target genes regulated by these miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Aguzzoli Heberle
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience & Psychopharmacology (BNP), University of Kentucky (UKY), 741 South Limestone, Room B453, Lexington, KY, 40506-0509, USA
| | - Aline Zaparte
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mendes Wainer
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 77054 East Rd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 77054 East Rd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Fries GR. Genetics and epigenetics as tools to inform the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Braz J Psychiatry 2019; 41:5-6. [PMID: 30758459 PMCID: PMC6781706 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lima CNDC, da Silva FER, Chaves Filho AJM, Queiroz AIDG, Okamura AMNC, Fries GR, Quevedo J, de Sousa FCF, Vasconcelos SMM, de Lucena DF, Fonteles MMDF, Macedo DS. High Exploratory Phenotype Rats Exposed to Environmental Stressors Present Memory Deficits Accompanied by Immune-Inflammatory/Oxidative Alterations: Relevance to the Relationship Between Temperament and Mood Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:547. [PMID: 31428001 PMCID: PMC6689823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-exploratory (LE) and high-exploratory (HE) rodents mimic human depressive and hyperthymic temperaments, respectively. Mood disorders (MD) may be developed by the exposure of these temperaments to environmental stress (ES). Psychiatric symptoms severity in MD patients is related to the magnitude of memory impairment. Thus, we aimed at studying the consequences of the exposure of LE and HE male Wistar rats, during periadolescence, to a combination of ES, namely, paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and unpredictable stress (US), on anxiety-related behavior in the plus maze test, working (WM) and declarative memory (DM) performance. We also evaluated hippocampal immune-inflammatory/oxidative, as consequences of ES, and prevention of ES-induced alterations by the mood-stabilizing drugs, lithium and valproate. Medium exploratory (ME) control rats were used for comparisons with HE- and LE-control rats. We observed that HE-controls presented increased anxiolytic behavior that was significantly increased by ES exposure, whereas LE-controls presented increased anxiety-like behavior relative to ME-controls. Lithium and valproate prevented anxiolytic alterations in HE+ES rats. HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats presented WM and DM deficits. Valproate and lithium prevented WM deficits in LE-PSD+US rats. Lithium prevented DM impairment in HE+ES-rats. Hippocampal levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) increased four-fold in HE+ES-rats, being prevented by valproate and lithium. All groups of LE+ES-rats presented increased levels of GSH in relation to controls. Increments in lipid peroxidation in LE+ES- and HE+ES-rats were prevented by valproate in HE+ES-rats and by both drugs in LE+ES-rats. Nitrite levels were increased in HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats (five-fold increase), which was prevented by both drugs in LE+ES-rats. HE+ES-rats presented a two-fold increase in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression that was prevented by lithium. HE+ES-rats showed increased hippocampal and plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-4. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was increased in HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats, while tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) was increased only in HE+ES-rats. Altogether, our results showed that LE- and HE-rats exposed to ES present distinct anxiety-related behavior and similar memory deficits. Furthermore, HE+ES-rats presented more brain and plasma inflammatory alterations that were partially prevented by the mood-stabilizing drugs. These alterations in HE+ES-rats may possibly be related to the development of mood symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Nayane de Carvalho Lima
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francisco Eliclécio Rodrigues da Silva
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Isabelle de Gois Queiroz
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Adriana Mary Nunes Costa Okamura
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francisca Cléa F de Sousa
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Silvania Maria Mendes Vasconcelos
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - David F de Lucena
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria de França Fonteles
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Macedo
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.,National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Neurosciences and Behavior Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Cabrera B, Monroy-Jaramillo N, Fries GR, Mendoza-Morales RC, García-Dolores F, Mendoza-Larios A, Diaz-Otañez C, Walss-Bass C, Glahn DC, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Fresno C, Nicolini H. Brain Gene Expression Pattern of Subjects with Completed Suicide and Comorbid Substance Use Disorder. Mol Neuropsychiatry 2018; 5:60-73. [PMID: 31019919 DOI: 10.1159/000493940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim Although individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) are at high risk of committing suicide, most studies of postmortem gene expression exclude subjects with SUD due to the potential confounding effect of drugs in the transcriptome. Thus, little is known about the gene expression profile in suicides with SUD. The identification of altered biological processes in suicides with SUD is crucial in the comprehension of the interaction between both pathologies. Methods We evaluated the gene expression profile in the dorsolateral prefrontal area of suicides and nonsuicides with and without SUD by microarrays. Results We identified 222 differentially expressed genes, predominately enriched in cell proliferation in the comparison between suicides with and without SUD. When comparing the transcriptome of suicides with SUD to nonsuicides with SUD, we identified 550 differentially expressed genes, mainly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation. Differentially expressed genes (1,417) between suicides and nonsuicides without SUD were detected. Most of them were related to mitochondrial function. Conclusion Interaction between suicide and SUD seems to influence the expression of genes involved in glial proliferation and glutamatergic neurotransmission. These results highlight, for the first time, that suicides with SUD have a gene expression profile distinct from that of subjects with only one of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,PECEM, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Colin Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Cristobal Fresno
- Computational Genomics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Fries GR, Khan S, Stamatovich S, Dyukova E, Walss-Bass C, Lane SD, Schmitz JM, Wardle MC. Anhedonia in cocaine use disorder is associated with inflammatory gene expression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207231. [PMID: 30408130 PMCID: PMC6224118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) are variably effective, and there are no FDA-approved medications. One approach to developing new treatments for CUD may be to investigate and target poor prognostic signs. One such sign is anhedonia (i.e. a loss of pleasure or interest in non-drug rewards), which predicts worse outcomes in existing CUD treatments. Inflammation is thought to underlie anhedonia in many other disorders, but the relationship between anhedonia and inflammation has not been investigated in CUD. Therefore, we assessed peripheral genome-wide gene expression in n = 48 individuals with CUD with high (n = 24) vs. low (n = 24) levels of anhedonia, defined by a median split of self-reported anhedonia. Our hypothesis was that individuals with high anhedonia would show differential gene expression in inflammatory pathways. No individual genes were significantly different between the low and high anhedonia groups when using t-tests with a stringent false discovery rate correction (FDR-corrected p < 0.05). However, an exploratory analysis identified 166 loci where t-tests suggested group differences at a nominal p < 0.05. We used DAVID, a bioinformatics tool that provides functional interpretations of complex lists of genes, to examine representation of this gene list in known pathways. It confirmed that mechanisms related to immunity were the top significant associations with anhedonia in the sample. Further, the two top differentially expressed genes in our sample, IRF1 and GBP5, both have primary inflammation and immune functions, and were significantly negatively correlated with total scores on our self-report of anhedonia across all 48 subjects. These results suggest that prioritizing development of anti-inflammatory medications for CUD may pay dividends, particularly in combination with treatment-matching strategies using either phenotypic measures of anhedonia or biomarkers of inflammatory gene expression to individualize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sarwar Khan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sydney Stamatovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Elena Dyukova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Scott D. Lane
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Joy M. Schmitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Margaret C. Wardle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Wilasco MIDA, Uribe‐Cruz C, Santetti D, Fries GR, Dornelles CTL, Silveira TRD. IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐10, and nutritional status in pediatric patients with biliary atresia. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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12
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Fries GR, Quevedo J, Zeni CP, Kazimi IF, Zunta-Soares G, Spiker DE, Bowden CL, Walss-Bass C, Soares JC. Integrated transcriptome and methylome analysis in youth at high risk for bipolar disorder: a preliminary analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1059. [PMID: 28291257 PMCID: PMC5416675 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
First-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder (BD), particularly their offspring, have a higher risk of developing BD and other mental illnesses than the general population. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this increased risk are still unknown, particularly because most of the studies so far have been conducted in chronically ill adults and not in unaffected youth at high risk. In this preliminary study we analyzed genome-wide expression and methylation levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children and adolescents from three matched groups: BD patients, unaffected offspring of bipolar parents (high risk) and controls (low risk). By integrating gene expression and DNA methylation and comparing the lists of differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated probes between groups, we were able to identify 43 risk genes that discriminate patients and high-risk youth from controls. Pathway analysis showed an enrichment of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway with the genes MED1, HSPA1L, GTF2A1 and TAF15, which might underlie the previously reported role of stress response in the risk for BD in vulnerable populations. Cell-based assays indicate a GR hyporesponsiveness in cells from adult BD patients compared to controls and suggest that these GR-related genes can be modulated by DNA methylation, which poses the theoretical possibility of manipulating their expression as a means to counteract the familial risk presented by those subjects. Although preliminary, our results suggest the utility of peripheral measures in the identification of biomarkers of risk in high-risk populations and further emphasize the potential role of stress and DNA methylation in the risk for BD in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - C P Zeni
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - I F Kazimi
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Zunta-Soares
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - D E Spiker
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - C L Bowden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - C Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 5102A, Houston, TX 77054, USA. E-mail:
| | - J C Soares
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Vasconcelos-Moreno MP, Fries GR, Gubert C, dos Santos BTMQ, Fijtman A, Sartori J, Ferrari P, Grun LK, Parisi MM, Guma FTCR, Barbé-Tuana FM, Kapczinski F, Rosa AR, Yatham LN, Kauer-Sant’Anna M. Telomere Length, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and BDNF Levels in Siblings of Patients with Bipolar Disorder: Implications for Accelerated Cellular Aging. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:445-454. [PMID: 28339618 PMCID: PMC5458375 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence supports the existence of neurobiological trait abnormalities in individuals at genetic risk for bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to examine potential differences in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cytokines, oxidative stress, and telomere length markers between patients with bipolar disorder, their siblings, and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-six patients with bipolar disorder type I, 39 siblings, and 44 healthy controls were assessed. Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-C motif chemokine 11, C-C motif chemokine 24, and 3-nitrotyrosine were measured, as were the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase. Telomere length (T/S ratio) was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Telomere length was different between the 3 groups (P = .041) with both patients and siblings showing a shorter T/S ratio compared with healthy controls. Patients showed increased levels of interleukin-6 (P = .005) and interleukin-10 (P = .002) compared with controls as well as increased levels of interleukin-6 (p = 0.014) and CCL24 (P = .016) compared with their siblings. C-C motif chemokine 11 levels were increased in siblings compared with controls (P = .015), and a similar tendency was found in patients compared with controls (P = .045). Glutathione peroxidase activity was decreased in patients compared with controls (P = .006) and siblings (P = .025). No differences were found for the other markers. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that unaffected siblings may present accelerated aging features. These neurobiological findings may be considered as endophenotypic traits. Further prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Carolina Gubert
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Bárbara Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Adam Fijtman
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Juliana Sartori
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Pamela Ferrari
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Mariana Migliorini Parisi
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Fátima Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Florencia Maria Barbé-Tuana
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Adriane Ribeiro Rosa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Lakshmi N. Yatham
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
| | - Marcia Kauer-Sant’Anna
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Hospital deClínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Rodrigo Fries, Tietböhl Martins Quadros dos Santos, Fijtman, and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, and Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas – Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Drs Paiva Vasconcelos-Moreno and Sartori, Ms Ferrari, Drs Kapczinski, Ribeiro Rosa, and Kauer-Sant’Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Dr Rodrigo Fries and Ms Gubert); Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (Mr Kich Grun, Ms Migliorini Parisi, and Drs Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma and Barbé-Tuana); Mood Disorders Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Yatham)
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14
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Scheidt L, Fries GR, Stertz L, Cabral JCC, Kapczinski F, de Almeida RMM. Ethanol during adolescence decreased the BDNF levels in the hippocampus in adult male Wistar rats, but did not alter aggressive and anxiety-like behaviors. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2016; 37:143-51. [PMID: 26630405 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of ethanol exposure in adolescent rats during adulthood by assesssing aggression and anxiety-like behaviors and measuring the levels of inflammatory markers. METHODS Groups of male Wistar rats (mean weight 81.4 g, n = 36) were housed in groups of four until postnatal day (PND) 60. From PNDs 30 to 46, rats received one of three treatments: 3 g/kg of ethanol (15% w/v, orally, n = 16), 1.5 g/kg of ethanol (12.5% w/v, PO, n = 12), or water (n = 12) every 48 hours. Animals were assessed for aggressive behavior (resident x intruder test) and anxiety-like behaviors (elevated plus maze) during adulthood. RESULTS Animals that received low doses of alcohol showed reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus as compared to the control group. No significant difference was found in prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent exposure to alcohol during adolescence is associated with lower levels of BDNF in the hippocampus, probably due the episodic administration of alcohol, but alcohol use did not alter the level agression toward a male intruder or anxiety-like behaviors during the adult phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Scheidt
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Laura Stertz
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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Giridharan VV, Thandavarayan RA, Fries GR, Walss-Bass C, Barichello T, Justice NJ, Reddy MK, Quevedo J. Newer insights into the role of miRNA a tiny genetic tool in psychiatric disorders: focus on post-traumatic stress disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e954. [PMID: 27845777 PMCID: PMC5314131 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder occurring in about 2-9% of individuals after their exposure to life-threatening events, such as severe accidents, sexual abuse, combat or a natural catastrophe. Because PTSD patients are exposed to trauma, it is likely that epigenetic modifications have an important role in disease development and prognosis. For the past two decades, abnormal expression of the epigenetic regulators microRNAs (miRs) and miR-mediated gene regulation have been given importance in a variety of human diseases, such as cancer, heart disease and viral infection. Emerging evidence supports a role for miR dysregulation in psychiatric and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder and Tourette's syndrome. Recently mounting of evidence supports the role of miR both in preclinical and clinical settings of psychiatric disorders. Abnormalities in miR expression can fine-tune the expression of multiple genes within a biological network, suggesting that miR dysregulation may underlie many of the molecular changes observed in PTSD pathogenesis. This provides strong evidence that miR not only has a critical role in PTSD pathogenesis, but can also open up new avenues for the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for the PTSD phenotype. In this review, we revisit some of the recent evidence associated with miR and PTSD in preclinical and clinical settings. We also discuss the possible clinical applications and future use of miRs in PTSD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - R A Thandavarayan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - T Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N J Justice
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M K Reddy
- Clinical and Translational Research Program on Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mc Govern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - J Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941, East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA. E-mail:
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16
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Jansen K, Cardoso TA, Fries GR, Branco JC, Silva RA, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Kapczinski F, Magalhaes PVS. Childhood trauma, family history, and their association with mood disorders in early adulthood. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:281-6. [PMID: 26826334 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of childhood trauma and types of trauma on mood disorders among young adults in a population-based sample. We further gathered data on family history of mood disorders to test the hypothesis that childhood trauma is a mediating factor for the association between family history of mood disorder and mood disorder in adulthood. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study, including young adults with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and matched controls without any mood disorder. Childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The Hicks and Tingley implementation was employed to assess whether trauma is a mediator of the effect of family history on diagnosis of any mood disorder. RESULTS All types of trauma were associated with both major depression and bipolar disorder, with the exception of sexual abuse, which was only associated with bipolar disorder. Moreover, family history of psychiatric illness was also associated with mood disorder in adulthood and with childhood trauma. Using the presence of any mood disorder as the outcome, a third of the effect of having any family history of mood disorder was mediated via childhood trauma. CONCLUSION This investigation provides further support, in a population-based sample of young adults, of the association between childhood trauma and mood disorders, with sexual abuse being specifically linked with bipolar disorder. The hypothesis that childhood trauma would function as a partial mediator of the association between family history of mood disorder and mood disorder in adulthood was also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jansen
- Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas (Universidade Católica de Pelotas), Pelotas, Brazil. .,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - T A Cardoso
- Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas (Universidade Católica de Pelotas), Pelotas, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G R Fries
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - J C Branco
- Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas (Universidade Católica de Pelotas), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - R A Silva
- Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas (Universidade Católica de Pelotas), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - M Kauer-Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F Kapczinski
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - P V S Magalhaes
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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17
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Hartmann IB, Fries GR, Bücker J, Scotton E, von Diemen L, Kauer-Sant'Anna M. The FKBP5 polymorphism rs1360780 is associated with lower weight loss after bariatric surgery: 26 months of follow-up. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:1554-1560. [PMID: 27421688 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment choice for severe obesity. Recent literature indicates that FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) could play a role in energy homeostasis, influencing adipogenesis and weight. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if the presence of the T allele of the FKBP5 SNP rs1360780, associated with increased FKBP51 expression, could influence weight loss after bariatric surgery. SETTING Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. METHODS Forty-two patients awaiting bariatric surgery were included, and the presence of the FKBP5 rs1360780 polymorphism was evaluated. During the postoperative period, a 26-month follow-up of weight loss was performed (n = 42, 36, 35, 35, and 30, from the first to fifth postoperative evaluation, respectively; loss to follow-up: 28.6%). RESULTS Carriers of the T allele presented significantly lower weight loss compared with patients with the C/C genotype after the 12th to 14th month follow-up period. Differences in weight loss between genotypes ranged from 14.2% to 19.9% of excess weight loss (P = .045 and .004, respectively) and from 7.6% to 9.0% of total weight loss (P = .002 for both comparisons). Furthermore, carriers of the T allele also presented an earlier cessation of weight loss after surgery. CONCLUSION The presence of the T allele of the FKBP5 SNP rs1360780 was associated with weight loss after bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery can interact with genes involved in metabolic regulation, leading to different weight loss outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Borba Hartmann
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq/INCT-TM, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Joana Bücker
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq/INCT-TM, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ellen Scotton
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq/INCT-TM, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Addiction Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcia Kauer-Sant'Anna
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq/INCT-TM, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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18
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Stertz L, Fries GR, Rosa AR, Kauer-Sant'anna M, Ferrari P, Paz AVC, Green C, Cunha ÂBM, Dal-Pizzol F, Gottfried C, Kapczinski F. Damage-associated molecular patterns and immune activation in bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 132:211-7. [PMID: 25891376 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune activation in bipolar disorder (BD) has been frequently reported. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are key players in the immune activation reaction. The aim of this study was to assess DAMP levels in drug-free patients with BD during acute episodes. METHOD Serum levels of a predetermined set of DAMPs were assessed in drug-free patients with BD (n = 20) during an acute mood episode. We also included two control groups: healthy subjects, used as a negative control (n = 20); and patients with sepsis, used as a positive control for severe immune activation (n = 20). RESULTS Multivariate analysis using generalized linear mixed model indicated that all DAMPs differed as a function of group membership after controlling for age and addressing multiplicity (P < 0.0006 for all comparisons). Follow-up analyses showed higher levels in BD subjects of circulating cell-free (ccf) nuclear (n)DNA (P = 0.02), HSP70 (P = 0.03) and HSP90α (P = 0.02) as compared to healthy subjects. Also, patients with BD showed lower levels of ccf nDNA (P = 0.04), HSP60 (P = 0.03), HSP70 (P = 0.01), and HSP90α (P = 0.002) as compared to patients with sepsis and higher levels of ccf mitochondrial DNA (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The present findings may be linked to the inflammatory activity previously described among patients with BD and may help in the development of more targeted and personalized treatments for patients under acute episodes of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Stertz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRA.,Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Molecular Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G R Fries
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRA.,Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A R Rosa
- Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - M Kauer-Sant'anna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRA.,Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - P Ferrari
- Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A V C Paz
- Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C Green
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Â B M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Science Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Centro de Ciências da Saude, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - F Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratorio de FisiopatologiaExperimental, Unidade Academica de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, USA
| | - C Gottfried
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRA
| | - F Kapczinski
- Bipolar Disorder Program & INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Molecular Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Panizzutti B, Gubert C, Schuh AL, Ferrari P, Bristot G, Fries GR, Massuda R, Walz J, Rocha NP, Berk M, Teixeira AL, Gama CS. Increased serum levels of eotaxin/CCL11 in late-stage patients with bipolar disorder: An accelerated aging biomarker? J Affect Disord 2015; 182:64-9. [PMID: 25973785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is commonly comorbid with many medical disorders including atopy, and appears characterized by progressive social, neurobiological, and functional impairment associated with increasing number of episodes and illness duration. Early and late stages of BD may present different biological features and may therefore require different treatment strategies. Consequently, the aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of eotaxin/CCL11, eotaxin-2/CCL24, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, IFNγ, BDNF, TBARS, carbonyl, and GPx in a sample of euthymic patients with BD at early and late stages compared to controls. METHODS Early-stage BD patients, 12 late-stage patients, and 25 controls matched for sex and age were selected. 10mL of peripheral blood was drawn from all subjects by venipuncture. Serum levels of BDNF, TBARS, carbonyl content, glutathione-peroxidase activity (GPx), cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α and IFNγ), and chemokines (eotaxin/CCL11 and eotaxin-2/CCL24) were measured. RESULTS There were no demographic differences between patients and controls. No significant differences were found for any of the biomarkers, except chemokine eotaxin/CCL11, whose serum levels were higher in late-stage patients with BD when compared to controls (p=0.022; Mann-Whitney U test). LIMITATIONS Small number of subjects and use of medication may have influenced in our results. CONCLUSION The present study suggests a link between biomarkers of atopy and eosinophil function and bipolar disorder. These findings are also in line with progressive biological changes partially mediated by inflammatory imbalance, a process referred to as neuroprogression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Panizzutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - C Gubert
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Brazil
| | - A L Schuh
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - P Ferrari
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - G Bristot
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - G R Fries
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Brazil
| | - R Massuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - J Walz
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro Universitário UNILASALLE, Canoas, Brazil
| | - N P Rocha
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - A L Teixeira
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - C S Gama
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Réus GZ, Fries GR, Stertz L, Badawy M, Passos IC, Barichello T, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 2015; 300:141-154. [PMID: 25981208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, affect a significant percentage of the world population. These disorders are associated with educational difficulties, decreased productivity and reduced quality of life, but their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, studies have suggested that psychiatric disorders could be considered as inflammatory disorders, even though the exact mechanisms underlying this association are not known. An increase in inflammatory response and oxidative stress may lead to inflammation, which in turn can stimulate microglia in the brain. Microglial activation is roused by the M1 phenotype, which is associated with an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). On the contrary, M2 phenotype is associated with a release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, it is possible that the inflammatory response from microglial activation can contribute to brain pathology, as well as influence treatment responses. This review will highlight the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as MDD, BD, schizophrenia, and autism. More specifically, the role of microglial activation and associated molecular cascades will also be discussed as a means by which these neuroinflammatory mechanisms take place, when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Z Réus
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - G R Fries
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - L Stertz
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Badawy
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - I C Passos
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - T Barichello
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - F Kapczinski
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Quevedo
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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21
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Réus GZ, Fries GR, Stertz L, Badawy M, Passos IC, Barichello T, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 2015; 300:141-54. [PMID: 25981208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, affect a significant percentage of the world population. These disorders are associated with educational difficulties, decreased productivity and reduced quality of life, but their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, studies have suggested that psychiatric disorders could be considered as inflammatory disorders, even though the exact mechanisms underlying this association are not known. An increase in inflammatory response and oxidative stress may lead to inflammation, which in turn can stimulate microglia in the brain. Microglial activation is roused by the M1 phenotype, which is associated with an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). On the contrary, M2 phenotype is associated with a release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, it is possible that the inflammatory response from microglial activation can contribute to brain pathology, as well as influence treatment responses. This review will highlight the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as MDD, BD, schizophrenia, and autism. More specifically, the role of microglial activation and associated molecular cascades will also be discussed as a means by which these neuroinflammatory mechanisms take place, when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Z Réus
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - G R Fries
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - L Stertz
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Badawy
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - I C Passos
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - T Barichello
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - F Kapczinski
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Quevedo
- Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Bücker J, Fries GR, Kapczinski F, Post RM, Yatham LN, Vianna P, Bogo Chies JA, Gama CS, Magalhães PV, Aguiar BW, Pfaffenseller B, Kauer-Sant'Anna M. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory markers in school-aged children with early trauma. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 131:360-8. [PMID: 25401224 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of childhood trauma (CT) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cytokines levels remains unclear. We investigated the association between CT and changes in BDNF and cytokines plasma levels in children. METHOD We recruited 36 children with trauma (CT+) and 26 children without trauma (CT-). The presence of CT was based on a clinical interview and by Criteria A of DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Blood samples were drawn from all children to assess BDNF and cytokines. ancova was performed with psychiatric symptoms and BMI as covariates to evaluate group differences in plasma levels. RESULTS CT+ showed increased levels of BDNF and TNF-α after excluding children with history of inflammatory disease (P<0.05) when compared with those CT-. IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1β levels were not statistically different between groups. CONCLUSION CT+ showed increased BDNF and proinflammatory cytokines levels. The increase in BDNF levels may be an attempt to neutralize the negative effects of CT, while an increase in TNF-a levels be associated with a proinflammatory state after CT. How these changes associated with trauma relate to other biological changes and illness trajectory later in life remain to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bücker
- Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, National Institute for Translational Medicine, INCT-TM Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Fries GR, Vasconcelos-Moreno MP, Gubert C, dos Santos BTMQ, Sartori J, Eisele B, Ferrari P, Fijtman A, Rüegg J, Gassen NC, Kapczinski F, Rein T, Kauer-Sant’Anna M. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction and illness progression in bipolar disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 18:pyu043. [PMID: 25522387 PMCID: PMC4368875 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyu043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired stress resilience and a dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are suggested to play key roles in the pathophysiology of illness progression in bipolar disorder (BD), but the mechanisms leading to this dysfunction have never been elucidated. This study aimed to examine HPA axis activity and underlying molecular mechanisms in patients with BD and unaffected siblings of BD patients. METHODS Twenty-four euthymic patients with BD, 18 siblings of BD patients, and 26 healthy controls were recruited for this study. All subjects underwent a dexamethasone suppression test followed by analyses associated with the HPA axis and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). RESULTS Patients with BD, particularly those at a late stage of illness, presented increased salivary post-dexamethasone cortisol levels when compared to controls (p = 0.015). Accordingly, these patients presented reduced ex vivo GR responsiveness (p = 0.008) and increased basal protein levels of FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51, p = 0.012), a co-chaperone known to desensitize GR, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, BD patients presented increased methylation at the FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene. BD siblings presented significantly lower FKBP51 protein levels than BD patients, even though no differences were found in FKBP5 basal mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the epigenetic modulation of the FKBP5 gene, along with increased FKBP51 levels, is associated with the GR hyporesponsiveness seen in BD patients. Our findings are consistent with the notion that unaffected first-degree relatives of BD patients share biological factors that influence the disorder, and that such changes are more pronounced in the late stages of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Drs Fries, Vasconcelos-Moreno, Gubert, dos Santos, Sartori, Eisele, Ferrari, Fijtman, Kapczinski, and Kauer-Sant'Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Drs Fries, Gubert, Kapczinski, and Kauer-Sant'Anna); Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Drs Vasconcelos-Moreno, Ferrari, Kapczinski, and Kauer-Sant'Anna); Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (Drs Gassen and Rein); Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Rüegg).
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Grande I, Magalhães PVS, Chendo I, Stertz L, Fries GR, Cereser KM, Cunha ÂBM, Gói P, Kunz M, Udina M, Martín-Santos R, Frey BN, Vieta E, Kapczinski F. Val66Met polymorphism and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in bipolar disorder: an open-label trial. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 129:393-400. [PMID: 23957567 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is consistently associated with acute mood episodes in bipolar disorder, but there is a lack of longitudinal data to support this hypothesis. In this 16-week open-label clinical trial, we tested the predictive role of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on serum BDNF levels and the relationship of serum BDNF and clinical response in people with bipolar disorder during an acute illness episode. METHOD Sixty-four people with bipolar disorder who were medication-free at baseline and in an acute mood episode were recruited. They were matched with 64 healthy controls. Clinical evaluation, serum BDNF, and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism were determined at baseline, and change in serum BDNF was assessed in patients at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 16. RESULTS There were no differences between patients and controls in serum BDNF or in frequencies of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism genotype at baseline. The multivariable model showed that Met carriers had a significantly different change in BDNF levels compared with Val homozygotes. Not achieving a complete remission was also associated with lower prospectively assessed BDNF levels. CONCLUSION This study provides the first longitudinal evidence that both the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and remission status predict change in circulating BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Grande
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Fries GR, Vasconcelos-Moreno MP, Gubert C, Santos BTMQD, da Rosa ALST, Eisele B, Sartori J, Pfaffenseller B, Kapczinski F, Kauer-Sant'anna M. Early apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2014; 152-154:474-7. [PMID: 24007785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) includes several systemic alterations, such as inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Most of these parameters may be related to dysfunctions in cellular resilience mechanisms reported in patients, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial damage. As a consequence, these impairments can ultimately lead to cell death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess cell death and viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with BD and controls. METHODS Ten euthymic patients with BD type I and seven age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited and had peripheral blood collected by venipuncture in heparine tubes. PBMCs were isolated from total blood, followed by measurement of cell viability by trypan blue exclusion, and apoptosis and necrosis by anexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining. RESULTS Cell viability did not significantly differ between groups, as well as the percentage of cells in necrosis or in late apoptosis/necrosis. However, the percentage of cells in early apoptosis was higher in patients when compared with controls (p=0.002). LIMITATIONS This is a preliminary study with relatively small sample size. CONCLUSIONS The systemic toxicity along with dysfunctional cell resilience mechanisms reported in patients with BD may be inducing apoptosis in PBMCs. A deeper look into the clinical relevance of such findings is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and INCT for Translational Medicine, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil.
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Chiarani F, Fries GR, Stertz L, Ceresér KM, Wyse ATS, Kapczinski FP, Kunz M. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in patients with bipolar disorder. Braz J Psychiatry 2013; 35:375-9. [PMID: 24402212 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High cardiovascular mortality rates have been reported in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Studies indicate that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in cardiovascular diseases. We evaluated the expression pattern of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in blood from patients with BD during acute mania and after euthymia, in comparison with healthy controls. METHODS Twenty patients and 20 controls were recruited and matched for sex and age. MMP messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated for all subjects. RESULTS There were no significant differences in MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression between patients and controls. mRNA levels were not significantly different during mania and euthymia. However, MMP-2 mRNA levels were negatively associated with BMI in BD patients and positively associated with BMI in controls. There was no difference in the pattern of MMP-9 expression between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a different pattern of association between MMP-2 and BMI in BD patients as compared with controls. Despite some study limitations, we believe that the role of MMPs in BD should be further investigated to elucidate its relationship with cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábria Chiarani
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Laura Stertz
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Keila Maria Ceresér
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Pereira Kapczinski
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
| | - Maurício Kunz
- Molecular Psychiatry Unit and National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto AlegreRS, Brazil
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Stertz L, Fries GR, Aguiar BWD, Pfaffenseller B, Valvassori SS, Gubert C, Ferreira CL, Moretti M, Ceresér KM, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F. Histone deacetylase activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in a pharmacological model of mania. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2013; 36:39-46. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stertz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; UFRGS, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; UFRGS, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Bianca Wollenhaupt de Aguiar
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Bianca Pfaffenseller
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; UFRGS, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Samira S. Valvassori
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM); Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil
| | - Carolina Gubert
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Camila L. Ferreira
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM); Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM); Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil
| | - Keila M. Ceresér
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; UFRGS, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
| | - João Quevedo
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM); Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Brazil
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM)
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Fries GR, Rein T, Kauer-Sant'Anna M. Dexamethasone suppression test in early- and late-stage patients with bipolar disorder type I and first-degree relatives: a preliminary analysis. Pharmacopsychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1353270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ferreira CF, Bernardi JR, Krolow R, Arcego DM, Fries GR, de Aguiar BW, Senter G, Kapczinski FP, Silveira PP, Dalmaz C. Vulnerability to dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency after exposure to early stress in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 107:11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
The apparently progressive nature of a considerable proportion of cases of bipolar disorder (BD) has been acknowledged in recently proposed clinical staging models. This has been part of an attempt to facilitate and refine diagnosis, treatment selection, and establish a prognosis. The study of the progressive nature of some cases of BD has given raise to the hypothesis of neuroprogression, which postulates that different stages of BD are associated with distinct neurobiological underpinnings. Given that BD may be intimately associated with chronic stress response and coping mechanisms over the course of illness, we propose that cellular resilience mechanisms may play a key role in the neuroprogression in BD. In the present study, we review neuroanatomical evidence of the progression that occurs in many cases of BD, as well as cellular resilience mechanisms and peripheral biomarkers associated with distinct stages of this disorder. In summary, cellular resilience mechanisms seem to be less efficient at later stages of BD, especially mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum-related responses to stress. These insights may help in developing staging models of BD, with a special emphasis on the search for biomarkers associated with illness progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and INCT for Translational Medicine, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Kunz M, Ceresér KM, Goi PD, Fries GR, Teixeira AL, Fernandes BS, Belmonte-de-Abreu PS, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Kapczinski F, Gama CS. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 33:268-74. [PMID: 21971780 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462011000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous reports suggest that cytokines act as potential mediators of the interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems, and that a proinflammatory state may be associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The aim is to compare cytokine levels in both disorders. METHOD Twenty euthymic bipolar disorder patients, 53 chronic stabilized schizophrenia patients and 80 healthy controls were recruited. Subjects were all non-smokers and non-obese. Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were examined by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS IL-6 levels were increased in schizophrenia patients when compared to controls (p < 0.0001) and euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p < 0.0001). IL-6 levels were no different in controls compared to euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.357). IL-10 was lower in controls compared to schizophrenia patients (p = 0.001) or to bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in TNF-α serum levels among the groups (p = 0.284). Gender-based classification did not significantly alter these findings, and no correlation was found between the antipsychotic dose administered and cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia. DISCUSSION These findings evidence a chronic immune activation in schizophrenia. Bipolar disorder seems to present an episode-related inflammatory syndrome. Increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia suggests different patterns of inflammatory balance between these two disorders. Results further support the need to investigate cytokines as possible biomarkers of disease activity or treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Kunz
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Pinheiro RMC, de Lima MNM, Fries GR, Garcia VA, Presti-Torres J, Hallmenschlager LH, Alcalde LA, Roesler R, Andersen ML, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F, Schröder N. Early life stress exacerbates cognitive dysfunction induced by d-amphetamine: amelioration by valproic acid. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2012; 119:627-37. [PMID: 22218930 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that experiences taking place early in life have a profound influence on brain development, interacting with the genetic background and determining differences in the vulnerability to the onset of bipolar disorder when the individual is exposed to a second adverse event later in life. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to an early adverse life event (maternal deprivation) and to a later adverse life event [D-amphetamine (AMPH)] on cognition in an animal model of mania. We have previously demonstrated that that repeated AMPH exposure produces severe and persistent cognitive impairment, which was more pronounced when the animals were maternal deprived, suggesting that the early adverse life event could be potentiating the effects of the exposure to the second adverse life event later in life. Here, we show that valproic acid ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by AMPH, but it was not effective when the animals were exposed to both stressors: maternal deprivation and AMPH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Mary Carvalho Pinheiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, Av Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 12D, Sala 340, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil
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Kunz M, Ceresér KM, Goi PD, Fries GR, Teixeira AL, Fernandes BS, Belmonte-de-Abreu PS, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Kapczinski F, Gama CS. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462011005000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fernandes BS, Gama CS, Ceresér KM, Yatham LN, Fries GR, Colpo G, de Lucena D, Kunz M, Gomes FA, Kapczinski F. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a state-marker of mood episodes in bipolar disorders: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2011; 45:995-1004. [PMID: 21550050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 02/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a central role in synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. Bipolar disorder (BD) is among the most disabling of all psychiatric disorders and is associated with poor outcomes. Some studies suggest that BDNF levels decrease during mood states and remain normal during euthymia, but other studies have contradicted this paradigm. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of all studies that measured peripheral BDNF levels in adults with BD. We conducted a systematic review using electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were studies that measured BDNF in plasma or serum in vivo in adult patients with BD. The resulting studies were compiled to measure the effect sizes (ESs) of the differences in BDNF levels between BD patients in different mood states and controls. Thirteen studies were included with a total of 1113 subjects. The BDNF levels were decreased in both mania and depression when compared to controls (ES -0.81, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.52, p < 0.0001 and ES -0.97, 95% CI -1.79 to -0.51, p = 0.02, respectively). The BDNF levels were not different in euthymia when compared to controls (ES -0.20, 95% CI -0.61 to 0.21, p = 0.33). Meta-regression analyses in euthymia showed that age (p < 0.0001) and length of illness (p = 0.04) influenced the variation in ES. There was also an increase in BDNF levels following the treatment for acute mania (ES -0.63, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.15, p = 0.01). In conclusion, BDNF levels are consistently reduced during manic and depressive episodes and recover after treatment for acute mania. In euthymia, BDNF decreases with age and length of illness. These data suggest that peripheral BDNF could be used as a biomarker of mood states and disease progression for BD.
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de Lima MNM, Presti-Torres J, Vedana G, Alcalde LA, Stertz L, Fries GR, Roesler R, Andersen ML, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F, Schröder N. Early life stress decreases hippocampal BDNF content and exacerbates recognition memory deficits induced by repeated D-amphetamine exposure. Behav Brain Res 2011; 224:100-6. [PMID: 21645554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse experiences early in life may have profound influences on brain development, for example, determining alterations in response to psychostimulant drugs, an increased risk of developing a substance abuse disorder, and individual differences in the vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to an early adverse life event, maternal deprivation, combined with repeated d-amphetamine (AMPH) administration in adulthood, on recognition memory and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rats' brain and serum. Rats were exposed to one of the following maternal rearing conditions from postnatal days 1 to 14: non-deprived (ND) or deprived (D). In adulthood, both groups received injections of saline (SAL) or AMPH (2.0mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days. In Experiment I (performed 24h after the last AMPH injection), AMPH induced long-term memory (LTM) impairments in ND and D groups. The D+AMPH group also presented short-term memory (STM) impairments, indicating that the effects of AMPH on memory were more pronounced when the animals where maternally deprived. The group exposed to D+SAL (SAL) showed only LTM impairments. In Experiment II (performed 8 days after the last injection), AMPH detrimental effects on memory persisted in ND and D groups. BDNF levels were decreased in the hippocampus of D+SAL rats. In conclusion, AMPH produces severe and persistent recognition memory impairments that were more pronounced when the animals were maternally deprived, suggesting that an early adverse life event may increase the vulnerability of cognitive function to exposure to a psychostimulant later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noêmia Martins de Lima
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Kapczinski F, Dal-Pizzol F, Teixeira AL, Magalhaes PVS, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Klamt F, Moreira JCF, de Bittencourt Pasquali MA, Fries GR, Quevedo J, Gama CS, Post R. Peripheral biomarkers and illness activity in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2011; 45:156-61. [PMID: 20541770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that peripheral markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation and neurotrophins may be altered during mood episodes in bipolar disorder. These can be seen as proxies of peripheral toxicity or markers of illness activity. Here we report an en bloc assessment of a set of previously described biomarkers in different mood states (n = 60) as well as in healthy subjects (n = 80). To make the point that these are ominous changes, we obtained the same measures from a group of septic patients (n = 15) as a "positive" control group. In this sample, we measured serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, total reactive antioxidant potential, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl content. Several of the markers discriminated between the bipolar and control groups, especially when patients were in acute episodes. In some cases, toxicity was as high in bipolar disorder as that seen in patients with sepsis. We believe these findings highlight the potential of using biomarkers to assess illness activity in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Kapczinski
- Bipolar Disorders Program & INCT for Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Abstract
The cognitive impairment and neuroanatomical changes that takes place among patients with bipolar disorder (BD) patients has been well described. Recent data suggest that changes in neuroplasticity, cell resilience and connectivity are the main neuropathological findings in BD. Data from differential lines of research converges to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as an important contributor to the neuroplasticity changes described among BD patients. BDNF serum levels have been shown to be decreased in depressive and manic episodes, returning to normal levels in euthymia. BDNF has also been shown to decrease as the disorder progresses. Moreover, factors that negatively influence the course of BD, such as life stress and trauma have been shown to be associated with a decrease in BDNF serum levels. These findings suggest that BDNF plays a central role in the progression of BD. The present review discusses the role of BDNF as a mediator of the neuroplastic changes that occur in portion with mood episodes and the potential use of serum BDNF as a biomarker in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Grande
- Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Kunz
- Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine, INCT-TM, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Fernandes BS, Massuda R, Torres M, Camargo D, Fries GR, Gama CS, Belmonte-de-Abreu PS, Kapczinski F, Lobato MI. Improvement of schizophrenia with electroconvulsive therapy and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels: Lack of association in a pilot study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2010; 64:663-5. [PMID: 21105955 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2010.02153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tramontina JF, Yates D, Magalhães PVDS, Trentini C, Sant'anna MK, Fries GR, Bock H, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Kapczinski F. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene val66met polymorphism and executive functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. Braz J Psychiatry 2010; 31:136-40. [PMID: 19578686 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462009000200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigate the association between the val66met polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and the performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in a sample of Caucasian Brazilian patients with bipolar disorder. METHOD Sixty-four patients with bipolar disorder were assessed and their performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was compared with the allele frequency and genotype of the val66met polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor. RESULTS The percentage of non-perseverative errors was significantly higher among patients with the val/val genotype. There was no association between (BNDF) genotype frequency and other Wisconsin Card Sorting Test domains. CONCLUSION Our results did not replicate previous descriptions of an association between a worse cognitive performance and the presence of the met allele of the val66met brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Fernandes Tramontina
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, INCT Translational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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de Lucena D, Fernandes BS, Kunz M, Fries GR, Stertz L, Aguiar B, Pfaffenseller B, Gama CS. Lack of association between serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and improvement of schizophrenia symptoms in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of memantine as adjunctive therapy to clozapine. J Clin Psychiatry 2010; 71:91-2. [PMID: 20129011 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.09l05388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Oliveira GS, Ceresér KM, Fernandes BS, Kauer-Sant'Anna M, Fries GR, Stertz L, Aguiar B, Pfaffenseller B, Kapczinski F. Decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor in medicated and drug-free bipolar patients. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43:1171-4. [PMID: 19473667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with abnormalities in neuroplasticity and previous studies suggest an important role for BDNF in the pathophysiology of BD. The confounding effect of the use of medication in these studies has been considered a limitation. Thus, studies with both drug-free and medicated patients are necessary to assess the role of medication in serum BDNF levels. Twenty-two manic and depressed drug-free and 22 medicated BD type I patients were matched to 22 controls according to sex and age in a cross-sectional study. BDNF serum levels were assessed using sandwich-ELISA. Serum BDNF levels in drug-free (0.23+/-0.09), and medicated (0.29+/-0.19) BD patients were decreased when compared to controls (0.40+/-0.12) - drug-free/medicated vs. control p<0.001. The BDNF levels did not differ between medicated and drug-free BD patients. When analyzing patients according to mood states, serum BDNF levels were lower in BD patients during both manic (0.28+/-0.11) and depressive episodes (0.22+/-0.17), as compared with healthy controls (0.40+/-0.12) - manic/depressed patients vs. controls p<0.001. Results suggest that the association of lower serum BDNF and BD mood episodes is kept even in medicated patients, which strengthens the notion that BDNF serum levels may be considered a biomarker of mood episodes in BD.
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Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To study paramedic judgment and the Trauma Triage Rule in prehospital trauma triage. DESIGN Prospective. SETTING A county emergency medical services system. PARTICIPANTS Six hundred fifty-three trauma patients. RESULTS Over a 3-month period, 653 trauma patients were evaluated in the prehospital setting. Paramedic judgment and the Trauma Triage Rule (TTR), as described by Baxt, were evaluated for accuracy in identifying patients requiring trauma center care. The TTR achieved a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 86%. Paramedic judgment had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 60%. Combining the TTR and paramedic judgment achieved a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 75%. CONCLUSION The TTR and paramedic judgment are effective in identifying patients who require trauma center care in the prehospital setting. The TTR and paramedic judgment combined have the greatest predictive value in identifying seriously injured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Fries
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Highland General Hospital, University of California at San Francisco, Oakland
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