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Rakhshan K, Sharifi M, Ramezani F, Azizi Y, Aboutaleb N. ERK/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway: a molecular target of ELABELA (ELA) peptide for attenuating cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by promoting angiogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10509-10519. [PMID: 36129600 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is caused by a chain of events such as endothelial dysfunction. This study was conducted to investigate protective effects of ELABELA against myocardial I/R in Wistar rats and clarify its possible mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS: MI model was established based on the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 30 min. Then, 5 µg/kg of ELA peptide was intraperitoneally infused in rats once per day for 4 days. Western blot assay was used to assay the expression of t-ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 in different groups. The amount of myocardial capillary density, the expression levels of VEGF and HIF-1α were evaluated using immunohistochemistry assay. Masson's trichrome staining was utilized to assay cardiac interstitial fibrosis. The results showed that establishment of MI significantly enhanced cardiac interstitial fibrosis and changed p-ERK1/2/ t-ERK1/2 ratio. Likewise, ELA post-treatment markedly increased myocardial capillary density, the expression of several angiogenic factors (VEGF-A, HIF-1α), and reduced cardiac interstitial fibrosis by activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Collectively, ELA peptide has ability to reduce myocardial I/R injury by promoting angiogenesis and reducing cardiac interstitial fibrosis through activating ERK/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Rakhshan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Sharifi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fan S, He J, Yang Y, Wang D. Intermedin Reduces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury via JAK2/STAT3. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:817874. [PMID: 35140609 PMCID: PMC8819149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.817874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is an effective treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can improve the prognosis of ARDS to a certain extent. However, it may further aggravate lung tissue injury, which is defined as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Intermedin (IMD) belongs to the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CPRP) superfamily. Our previous studies have found that IMD reduces the expression proinflammatory cytokines, down-regulates nuclear translocation and improves the integrity of endothelial barrier in ARDS. However, the effect of IMD on VILI has not been clarified. Oxidative stress imbalance and apoptosis are the main pathophysiological characteristics of VILI. In the current study, we used C57B6/J mice and human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) to establish a VILI model to analyze the effects of IMD on VILI and explore its potential mechanism. We found that IMD alleviated lung injury and inflammatory response in VILI, mainly in reducing ROS levels, upregulating SOD content, downregulating MDA content, reducing the expression of Bax and caspase-3, and increasing the expression of Bcl-2. In addition, we also found that IMD played its anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic effects via JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Our study may provide some help for the prevention and treatment of VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yanli Yang
- *Correspondence: Yanli Yang, ; Daoxin Wang,
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Study on Protection of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells from Amiodarone-Induced Damage by Intermedin through Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8889408. [PMID: 34434487 PMCID: PMC8382522 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8889408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AM) is one of the most effective antiarrhythmic drugs and normally administrated by intravenous infusion which is liable to cause serious phlebitis. The therapeutic drugs for preventing this complication are limited. Intermedin (IMD), a member of calcitonin family, has a broad spectrum of biological effects including anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant activities, and antiapoptosis. But now, the protective effects of IMD against amiodarone-induced phlebitis and the underlying molecular mechanism are not well understood. In this study, the aim was to investigate the protective efficiency and potential mechanisms of IMD in amiodarone-induced phlebitis. The results of this study revealed that treatment with IMD obviously attenuated apoptosis and exfoliation of vascular endothelial cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the rabbit model of phlebitis induced by intravenous infusion of amiodarone compared with control. Further tests in vitro demonstrated that IMD lessened amiodarone-induced endothelial cell apoptosis, improved amiodarone-induced oxidative stress injury, reduced inflammatory reaction, and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway which was inhibited by amiodarone. And these effects could be reversed by Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor IWR-1-endo, and si-RNA knocked down the gene of Wnt pathway. These results suggested that IMD exerted the protective effects against amiodarone-induced endothelial injury via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus, IMD could be used as a potential agent for the treatment of phlebitis.
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Zhang Y, Tang N, Zhou J. Intermedin1‑47 inhibits high phosphate‑induced vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by regulating Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:733. [PMID: 34414455 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and accounts for a large proportion of deaths from cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. The high incidence, rapid progression and irreversibility of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification in patients has attracted attention. In the present study, the effect of intermedin1‑47 (IMD1‑47), an important isoform of intermedin, was investigated on the calcification of rat cardiovascular VSMCs induced by high phosphate (HP). To stimulate osteoblast‑like differentiation and calcification in rat VSMCs, 10 mM β‑sodium glycerophosphate was used. The VSMCs were then treated with three doses of IMD1‑47 and the effects of IMD1‑47 on VSMC calcification, on the expression of osteogenic markers [osteoprotegerin, Runt‑related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN)] and on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were assessed. HP treatment significantly enhanced the cellular calcium content of VSMCs, the expression of osteogenic markers, and ALP activity, while IMD1‑47 significantly reversed these effects in a dose‑dependent manner. The protein expression levels of Wnt1, Wnt3a and active β‑catenin were determined and it was found that IMD1‑47 significantly inhibited their expression. Following β‑catenin silencing, the protein expression levels Runx2 and OPN were increased compared with the IMD1‑47 treatment alone, indicating a role for the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway in the effects of IMD1‑47 on osteogenic markers. The present study suggested that IMD1‑47 inhibited HP‑induced VSMC calcification by regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Fourth Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai 200042, P.R. China
| | - Naiwang Tang
- Department of Respiratory, Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Jinjie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Huangpu District, Shanghai 200002, P.R. China
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5
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Intermedin 1-53 attenuates atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by inhibiting CHOP-mediated apoptosis and inflammasome in macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:436. [PMID: 33934111 PMCID: PMC8088440 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and rupture increase the risk of acute coronary syndromes. Advanced lesion macrophage apoptosis plays important role in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been proved to be a key mechanism of macrophage apoptosis. Intermedin (IMD) is a regulator of ERS. Here, we investigated whether IMD enhances atherosclerotic plaque stability by inhibiting ERS-CHOP-mediated apoptosis and subsequent inflammasome in macrophages. We studied the effects of IMD on features of plaque vulnerability in hyperlipemia apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Six-week IMD1-53 infusion significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size. Of note, IMD1-53 lowered lesion macrophage content and necrotic core size and increased fibrous cap thickness and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) content thus reducing overall plaque vulnerability. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that IMD1-53 administration prevented ERS activation in aortic lesions of ApoE−/− mice, which was further confirmed in oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) induced macrophages. Similar to IMD, taurine (Tau), a non-selective ERS inhibitor significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size and plaque vulnerability. Moreover, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), a pro-apoptosis transcription factor involved in ERS, was significantly increased in advanced lesion macrophages, and deficiency of CHOP stabilized atherosclerotic plaques in AopE−/− mice. IMD1-53 decreased CHOP level and apoptosis in vivo and in macrophages treated with ox-LDL. In addition, IMD1-53 infusion ameliorated NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent proinflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro. IMD may attenuate the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and plaque vulnerability by inhibiting ERS-CHOP-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and subsequent NLRP3 triggered inflammation. The inhibitory effect of IMD on ERS-induced macrophages apoptosis was probably mediated by blocking CHOP activation.
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6
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Luo Y, Liu LM, Xie L, Zhao HL, Lu YK, Wu BQ, Wu ZY, Zhang ZL, Hao YL, Ou WH, Liu RS, Xu WM, Chen XH. Activation of the CaR-CSE/H2S pathway confers cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Cell Res 2020; 398:112389. [PMID: 33221316 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a multifactorial process triggered when an organ is subjected to transiently reduced blood supply. The result is a cascade of pathological complications and organ damage due to the production of reactive oxygen species following reperfusion. The present study aims to evaluate the role of activated calcium-sensing receptor (CaR)-cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway in I/R injury. Firstly, an I/R rat model with CSE knockout was constructed. Transthoracic echocardiography, TTC and HE staining were performed to determine the cardiac function of rats following I/R Injury, followed by TUNEL staining observation on apoptosis. Besides, with the attempt to better elucidate how CaR-CSE/H2S affects I/R, in-vitro culture of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) was conducted with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3, a CaR agonist), H2O2, siRNA against CSE (siCSE), or W7 (a CaM inhibitor). The interaction between CSE and CaM was subsequently detected. Plasma oxidative stress indexes, H2S and CSE, and apoptosis-related proteins were all analyzed following cell apoptosis. We found that H2S elevation led to the improvement whereas CSE knockdown decreased cardiac function in rats with I/R injury. Moreover, oxidative stress injury in I/R rats with CSE knockout was aggravated, while the increased expression of H2S and CSE in the aortic tissues resulted in alleviated the oxidative stress injury. Moreover, increased H2S and CSE levels were found to inhibit cell apoptotic ability in the aortic tissues after I/R injury, thus attenuating oxidative stress injury, accompanied by inhibited expression of apoptosis-related proteins. In HCAECs following oxidative stress treatment, siCSE and CaM inhibitor were observed to reverse the protection of CaR agonist. Coimmunoprecipitation assay revealed the interaction between CSE and CaM. Taken together, all above-mentioned data provides evidence that activation of the CaR-CSE/H2S pathway may confer a potent protective effect in cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Li-Mei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Yong-Kang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Bao-Quan Wu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ye Wu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Yun-Ling Hao
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Wu-Hua Ou
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Rui-Shuang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China
| | - Wen-Min Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China.
| | - Xie-Hui Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, ShenZhen Hospital, Fuwai Hospital China Academy of Medical Sciences (Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, 518112, PR China.
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7
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Duan Y, Cheng S, Jia L, Zhang Z, Chen L. PDRPS7 protects cardiac cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through inactivation of JNKs. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:593-606. [PMID: 32108998 PMCID: PMC7137793 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major complication of reperfusion therapy in myocardial infarction. Ischemic myocardium produces a variety of peptides. We recently identified PDRPS7 as a novel peptide in cardiomyocytes that can be induced by hypoxia. However, the role of PDRPS7 is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of PDRPS7 on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐induced injury in rat cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells and NRCMs. We found that PDRPS7 improved cell survival and attenuated lactate dehydrogenase leakage following H/R in H9c2 cells and NRCMs. PDRPS7 also alleviated H/R‐induced pulsation reduction in NRCMs. Moreover, H/R‐induced cell apoptosis was decreased in the presence of PDRPS7. H/R‐induced reactive oxygen species generation was reduced by PDRPS7; in addition, PDRPS7 did not impact H2O2‐induced cell injury. Signaling analysis demonstrated that H/R increased the phosphorylation levels of JNKs, ERKs, and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinases. However, PDRPS7 only attenuated H/R‐induced JNK phosphorylation, but not phosphorylation of ERKs and p38. PDRPS7 protected cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and c‐Jun phosphorylation pathways, markedly upregulating anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 expression and inhibiting that of pro‐apoptotic Bax and cleaved caspase‐3. Importantly, pharmacological activation of JNKs diminished the protective effect of PDRPS7 in terms of cell survival against H/R stimulation. In summary, our study identified PDRPS7 as a novel cardioprotective peptide against H/R challenge and this action was mediated, at least in part, through inactivation of JNKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Liang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, China
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Sun MH, Chen XC, Han M, Yang YN, Gao XM, Ma X, Huang Y, Li XM, Gai MT, Liu F, Ma YT, Chen BD. Cardioprotective effects of constitutively active MEK1 against H 2O 2-induced apoptosis and autophagy in cardiomyocytes via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:125-130. [PMID: 30876692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress injury is one of the main mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway plays an important role in cardioprotective during acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we used constitutively active MEK1 gene (CaMEK) transfection strategy to investigate whether CaMEK provides a protective effect against apoptosis and autophagy induced by Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in neonatal rat cardiac ventricular cardiomyocytes (NCMs) and the underlying mechanisms. As a result, CaMEK attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in NCMs, evidenced by decreased apoptotic cells and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and cell vitality and reduced the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further studies revealed that CaMEK attenuated H2O2-induced autophagy, evidenced by the decreased LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰratio and SQSTM1/p62 (p62) degradation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CaMEK phosphorylated the ERK1/2 pathway-related proteins, ERK1/2, p70S6K and GSK3β, in NCMs with H2O2 stimulation. In contrast, these effects could be reversed by co-treatment with the ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059. These results suggest that CaMEK plays an important role in protecting cardiomyocytes against H2O2-induced injury and autophagy in NCMs via ERK1/2 pathway. Therefore, transfection of CaMEK may provide a hopeful therapeutic strategy for I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Cui Chen
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, 830000, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Min-Tao Gai
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Fen Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China.
| | - Bang-Dang Chen
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China.
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Roehrkasse AM, Booe JM, Lee SM, Warner ML, Pioszak AA. Structure-function analyses reveal a triple β-turn receptor-bound conformation of adrenomedullin 2/intermedin and enable peptide antagonist design. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15840-15854. [PMID: 30139742 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardioprotective vasodilator peptide adrenomedullin 2/intermedin (AM2/IMD) and the related adrenomedullin (AM) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) signal through three heterodimeric receptors comprising the calcitonin receptor-like class B G protein-coupled receptor (CLR) and a variable receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP1, -2, or -3) that determines ligand selectivity. The CGRP receptor (RAMP1:CLR) favors CGRP binding, whereas the AM1 (RAMP2:CLR) and AM2 (RAMP3:CLR) receptors favor AM binding. How AM2/IMD binds the receptors and how RAMPs modulate its binding is unknown. Here, we show that AM2/IMD binds the three purified RAMP-CLR extracellular domain (ECD) complexes with a selectivity profile that is distinct from those of CGRP and AM. AM2/IMD bound all three ECD complexes but preferred the CGRP and AM2 receptor complexes. A 2.05 Å resolution crystal structure of an AM2/IMD antagonist fragment-bound RAMP1-CLR ECD complex revealed that AM2/IMD binds the complex through a unique triple β-turn conformation that was confirmed by peptide and receptor mutagenesis. Comparisons of the receptor-bound conformations of AM2/IMD, AM, and a high-affinity CGRP analog revealed differences that may have implications for biased signaling. Guided by the structure, enhanced-affinity AM2/IMD antagonist variants were developed, including one that discriminates the AM1 and AM2 receptors with ∼40-fold difference in affinities and one stabilized by an intramolecular disulfide bond. These results reveal differences in how the three peptides engage the receptors, inform development of AM2/IMD-based pharmacological tools and therapeutics, and provide insights into RAMP modulation of receptor pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Roehrkasse
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Jason M Booe
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Margaret L Warner
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Augen A Pioszak
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
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Ma L, Ma X, Kong F, Guo J, Shi H, Zhu J, Zou Y, Ge J. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in hypertrophic heart. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1708-1719. [PMID: 29314656 PMCID: PMC5824378 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy aggravated myocardial infarction and is causally related to autophagy dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. Rapamycin is an inhibitor of serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) involved in the regulation of autophagy as well as oxidative/nitrative stress. Here, we demonstrated that rapamycin ameliorates myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury by rescuing the defective cytoprotective mechanisms in hypertrophic heart. Our results showed that chronic rapamycin treatment markedly reduced the phosphorylated mTOR and ribosomal protein S6 expression, but not Akt in both normal and aortic-banded mice. Moreover, chronic rapamycin treatment significantly mitigated TAC-induced autophagy dysfunction demonstrated by prompted Beclin-1 activation, elevated LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and increased autophagosome abundance. Most importantly, we found that MI/R-induced myocardial injury was markedly reduced by rapamycin treatment manifested by the inhibition of myocardial apoptosis, the reduction of myocardial infarct size and the improvement of cardiac function in hypertrophic heart. Mechanically, rapamycin reduced the MI/R-induced iNOS/gp91phox protein expression and decreased the generation of NO and superoxide, as well as the cytotoxic peroxynitrite. Moreover, rapamycin significantly mitigated MI/R-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial impairment demonstrated by reduced Caspase-12 activity, inhibited CHOP activation, decreased cytoplasmic Cyto-C release and preserved intact mitochondria. In addition, inhibition of mTOR also enhanced the phosphorylated ERK and eNOS, and inactivated GSK3β, a pivotal downstream target of Akt and ERK signallings. Taken together, these results suggest that mTOR signalling protects against MI/R injury through autophagy induction and ERK-mediated antioxidative and anti-nitrative stress in mice with hypertrophic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei‐Lei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fei‐Juan Kong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jun‐Jie Guo
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Hong‐Tao Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian‐Bing Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun‐Zeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun‐Bo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Hypertrophied myocardium is vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion injury and refractory to rapamycin-induced protection due to increased oxidative/nitrative stress. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:93-110. [PMID: 29175946 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is causally related to increased morbidity and mortality following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) via still unknown mechanisms. Although rapamycin exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in normal animals, whether rapamycin-elicited cardioprotection is altered in the presence of LVH has yet to be determined. Pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophied mice and sham-operated controls were exposed to AMI by coronary artery ligation, and treated with vehicle or rapamycin 10 min before reperfusion. Rapamycin produced marked cardioprotection in normal control mice, whereas pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophied mice manifested enhanced myocardial injury, and was refractory to rapamycin-elicited cardioprotection evidenced by augmented infarct size, aggravated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and worsening cardiac function. Rapamycin alleviated MI/R injury via ERK-dependent antioxidative pathways in normal mice, whereas cardiac hypertrophied mice manifested markedly exacerbated oxidative/nitrative stress after MI/R evidenced by the increased iNOS/gp91phox expression, superoxide production, total NO metabolites, and nitrotyrosine content. Moreover, scavenging superoxide or peroxynitrite by selective gp91phox assembly inhibitor gp91ds-tat or ONOO- scavenger EUK134 markedly ameliorated MI/R injury, as shown by reduced myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress, alleviated myocardial infarction, hindered cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improved cardiac function in aortic-banded mice. However, no additional cardioprotective effects were achieved when we combined rapamycin and gp91ds-tat or EUK134 in ischemic/reperfused hearts with or without LVH. These results suggest that cardiac hypertrophy attenuated rapamycin-induced cardioprotection by increasing oxidative/nitrative stress and scavenging superoxide/peroxynitrite protects the hypertrophied heart from MI/R.
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Talwar S, Selvam MS, Makhija N, Lakshmy R, Choudhary SK, Sreenivas V, Airan B. Effect of administration of allopurinol on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 155:335-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu B, Xu H, Cao H, Liu X, Qin C, Zhao Y, Han X, Li H. Intermedin improves cardiac function and sympathetic neural remodeling in a rat model of post myocardial infarction heart failure. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627670 PMCID: PMC5562092 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that intermedin (IMD), a novel member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family, has a wide range of cardioprotective effects. The present study investigated the effects of long-term administration of IMD on cardiac function and sympathetic neural remodeling in heart failure (HF) rats, and studied potential underlying mechanism. HF was induced in rats by myocardial infarction (MI). Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either saline or IMD (0.6 µg/kg/h) treatment groups for 4 weeks post-MI. Another group of sham-operated rats served as controls. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Cardiac sympathetic neural remodeling was assessed by immunohistochemistical study of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) immunoreactive nerve fibers. The protein expression levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), TH and GAP43 in the ventricular myocardium were studied by western blotting. Ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was determined to evaluate the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia. Oxidative stress was assessed by detecting the activity of superoxide dismutase and the level of malondialdehyde. Compared with rats administrated with saline, IMD significantly improved cardiac function, decreased the plasma BNP level, attenuated sympathetic neural remodeling, increased VFT and suppressed oxidative stress. In conclusion, these results indicated that IMD prevents ventricle remodeling and improves the performance of a failing heart. In addition, IMD attenuated sympathetic neural remodeling and reduced the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia, which may contribute to its anti-oxidative property. These results implicate IMD as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Heng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Chunhuan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhou Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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Zhang SY, Xu MJ, Wang X. Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin: a putative drug candidate for treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1230-1240. [PMID: 28407200 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) 2/intermedin (IMD) is a short peptide that belongs to the CGRP superfamily. Although it shares receptors with CGRP, ADM and amylin, ADM2 has significant and unique functions in the cardiovascular system. In the past decade, the cardiovascular effect of ADM2 has been carefully analysed. In this review, progress in understanding the effects of ADM2 on the cardiovascular system and its protective role in cardiometabolic diseases are summarized. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
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Chen K, Yan M, Li Y, Dong Z, Huang D, Li J, Wei M. Intermedin1‑53 enhances angiogenesis and attenuates adverse remodeling following myocardial infarction by activating AMP‑activated protein kinase. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1497-1506. [PMID: 28259938 PMCID: PMC5365003 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse ventricular remodeling is a maladaptive response to acute loss of myocardium and an important risk factor for heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). Intermedin (IMD) is a novel member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene‑related peptide family, which may possess potent cardioprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to determine whether IMD1‑53, a mature bioactive form of IMD, may promote therapeutic angiogenesis within the infarcted myocardium, therefore attenuating adverse ventricular remodeling post‑MI. The present study observed that treatment with IMD1‑53 promoted proliferation, migration and tube formation of primary cultured myocardial microvascular endothelial cells (MMVECs). In a rat model of MI, chronic administration of IMD1‑53 increased capillary density in the peri‑infarct zone, attenuated ventricular remodeling and improved cardiac performance post‑MI. Treatment with IMD1‑53 also significantly increased the expression levels of phosphorylated‑AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the subsequent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in MMVECs and post‑MI rat myocardium, without a significant influence on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Notably, the in vitro effects of IMD1‑53 on angiogenesis and the in vivo effects of IMD1‑53 on post‑MI ventricular remodeling were largely abrogated by the co‑administration of compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that IMD1‑53 could attenuate adverse ventricular remodeling post‑MI via the promotion of therapeutic angiogenesis, possibly through the activation of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kankai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yongguang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Fang J, Luan J, Zhu G, Qi C, Yang Z, Zhao S, Li B, Zhang X, Guo N, Li X, Wang D. Intermedin 1-53 Inhibits Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats by Down-Regulating Transforming Growth Factor-β. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:121-128. [PMID: 28065931 PMCID: PMC5242205 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial fibrosis is the result of persistent anoxia and ischemic myocardial fibers caused by coronary atherosclerotic stenosis, which lead to heart failure, threatening the patient's life. This study aimed to explore the regulatory role of intermedin 1-53 (IMD1-53) in cardiac fibrosis using neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and a myocardial infarction (MI) rat model both in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression of collagen I and collagen III in myocardial fibroblasts. The SYBR Green I real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to detect the mRNA expression of collagen type I and III, IMD1-53 calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Masson staining was used to detect the area changes of myocardial fibrosis in MI rats. RESULTS Results in vivo showed that IMD1-53 reduced the scar area on the heart of MI rats and inhibited the expression of collagen type I and III both in mRNA and protein. Results of an in vitro study showed that IMD1-53 inhibited the transformation of cardiomyocytes into myofibroblasts caused by angiotensin II (Ang II). The further mechanism study showed that IMD1-53 inhibited the expression of TGF-β and the phosphorylation of smad3, which further up-regulated the expression of MMP-2. CONCLUSIONS IMD1-53 is an effective anti-fibrosis hormone that inhibits cardiac fibrosis formation after MI by down-regulating the expression of TGF-β and the phosphorylation of smad3, blocking fibrous signal pathways, and up-regulating the expression of MMP-2, thereby demonstrating its role in regression of myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Medical
| | | | | | - Chang Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Medical
| | | | | | - Bin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Medical
| | | | | | | | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Wuhan Medical
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17
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Lu WW, Jia LX, Ni XQ, Zhao L, Chang JR, Zhang JS, Hou YL, Zhu Y, Guan YF, Yu YR, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Intermedin1-53 Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2176-2190. [PMID: 27634835 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Intermedin (IMD) is a regulator of oxidative stress. Here, we investigated whether IMD reduces AAA by inhibiting oxidative stress. APPROACH AND RESULTS In angiotensin II-induced ApoE-/- mouse and CaCl2-induced C57BL/6J mouse model of AAA, IMD1-53 significantly reduced the incidence of AAA and maximal aortic diameter. Ultrasonography, hematoxylin, and eosin staining and Verhoeff-van Gieson staining showed that IMD1-53 significantly decreased the enlarged aortas and elastic lamina degradation induced by angiotensin II or CaCl2. Mechanistically, IMD1-53 attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, and matrix metalloproteinase activation. IMD1-53 inhibited the activation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, decreased the mRNA and protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits, and reduced the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in AAA mice. Expression of Nox4 was upregulated in human AAA segments and in angiotensin II-treated mouse aortas and was markedly decreased by IMD1-53. In vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells with small-interfering RNA knockdown of IMD showed significantly increased angiotensin II-induced reactive oxygen species, and small-interfering RNA knockdown of Nox4 markedly inhibited the reactive oxygen species. IMD knockdown further increased the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflammation, which was reversed by Nox4 knockdown. Preincubation with IMD17-47 and protein kinase A inhibitor H89 inhibited the effect of IMD1-53, reducing Nox4 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS IMD1-53 could have a protective effect on AAA by inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Lu
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Li-Xin Jia
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Xian-Qiang Ni
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Lei Zhao
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Jin-Rui Chang
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Jin-Sheng Zhang
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Yue-Long Hou
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Yi Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - You-Fei Guan
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Yan-Rong Yu
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Jie Du
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.)
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- From the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, China (W.-W.L., L.-X.J., X.-Q.N., L.Z., Y.-L.H., J.D., Y.-F.Q.); Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., L.Z., J.-R.C., J.-S.Z., Y.Z., Y.-F.G., C.-S.T., Y.-F.Q.); and Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (W.-W.L., X.-Q.N., J.-S.Z., Y.-L.H., Y.-R.Y., Y.-F.Q.).
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18
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Pang Y, Li Y, Lv Y, Sun L, Zhang S, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu G, Xu MJ, Wang X, Jiang C. Intermedin Restores Hyperhomocysteinemia-induced Macrophage Polarization and Improves Insulin Resistance in Mice. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12336-45. [PMID: 27080257 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.702654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a condition characterized by an abnormally high level of homocysteine, an inflammatory factor. This condition has been suggested to promote insulin resistance. To date, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown, and identifying novel therapeutic targets for HHcy-induced insulin resistance is of high priority. It is well known that intermedin (IMD), a calcitonin family peptide, exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effects of IMD on HHcy-induced insulin resistance were investigated. Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were performed on mice treated with IMD by minipump implantation (318 ng/kg/h for 4 weeks) or adipocyte-specific IMD overexpression mice (Adipo-IMD transgenic mice). The expression of genes and proteins related to M1/M2 macrophages and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was evaluated in adipose tissues or cells. The expression of IMD was identified to be lower in the plasma and adipose tissues of HHcy mice. In both IMD treatment by minipump implantation and Adipo-IMD transgenic mice, IMD reversed HHcy-induced insulin resistance, as revealed by glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests. Further mechanistic study revealed that IMD reversed the Hcy-elevated ratio of M1/M2 macrophages by inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase activity. Adipo-IMD transgenic mice displayed reduced ERS and lower inflammation in adipose tissues with HHcy. Soluble factors from Hcy-treated macrophages induced adipocyte ERS, which was reversed by IMD treatment. These findings revealed that IMD treatment restores the M1/M2 balance, inhibits chronic inflammation in adipose tissues, and improves systemic insulin sensitivity of HHcy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Pang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and Center for Reproductive Medicine of Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Li
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Ying Lv
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Lulu Sun
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Songyang Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Yin Li
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Yuhui Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - George Liu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Xian Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
| | - Changtao Jiang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, and
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Zhang JS, Hou YL, Lu WW, Ni XQ, Lin F, Yu YR, Tang CS, Qi YF. Intermedin 1-53 Protects Against Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammation Induced by Homocysteine in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:1294-1306. [PMID: 27052784 PMCID: PMC5113747 DOI: 10.5551/jat.34082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammation participate in cardiac fibrosis. Importantly, a novel paracrine/autocrine peptide intermedin1-53 (IMD1-53) in the heart inhibits myocardial fibrosis in rats. However, the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS Myocardial fibrosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE -/-) mice and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were induced using homocysteine (Hcy). RESULTS IMD1-53 inhibited myocardial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Picrosirius red staining showed that IMD1-53 reduced myocardial interstitial collagen deposition in ApoE-/- mice treated with Hcy and decreased the expression of myocardial collagen I and III, which was further verified in rat CFs. IMD1-53 attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, as shown by cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, ratio of heart weight to body weight, and mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide. IMD1-53 inhibited the upregulation of ERS hallmarkers such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), GRP94, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), ATF4, inositol-requiring enzyme 1α, spliced-X-box-binding protein-1, protein kinase receptor-like ER kinase, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α in mouse myocardium and rat CFs treated with Hcy. In addition, IMD1-53 decreased the production of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in the mouse myocardium and rat CFs treated with Hcy. Concurrently, IMD1-53 ameliorated the expression of nuclear factor-κB, transforming growth factor-β1, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the mouse myocardium and rat CFs treated with Hcy. CONCLUSIONS IMD potentially protects against myocardial fibrosis induced by Hcy in ApoE-/- mice, possibly via attenuating myocardial ERS and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center
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20
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Stoppel WL, Kaplan DL, Black LD. Electrical and mechanical stimulation of cardiac cells and tissue constructs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 96:135-55. [PMID: 26232525 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The field of cardiac tissue engineering has made significant strides over the last few decades, highlighted by the development of human cell derived constructs that have shown increasing functional maturity over time, particularly using bioreactor systems to stimulate the constructs. However, the functionality of these tissues is still unable to match that of native cardiac tissue and many of the stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes display an immature, fetal like phenotype. In this review, we seek to elucidate the biological underpinnings of both mechanical and electrical signaling, as identified via studies related to cardiac development and those related to an evaluation of cardiac disease progression. Next, we review the different types of bioreactors developed to individually deliver electrical and mechanical stimulation to cardiomyocytes in vitro in both two and three-dimensional tissue platforms. Reactors and culture conditions that promote functional cardiomyogenesis in vitro are also highlighted. We then cover the more recent work in the development of bioreactors that combine electrical and mechanical stimulation in order to mimic the complex signaling environment present in vivo. We conclude by offering our impressions on the important next steps for physiologically relevant mechanical and electrical stimulation of cardiac cells and engineered tissue in vitro.
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NDP-α-MSH attenuates heart and liver responses to myocardial reperfusion via the vagus nerve and JAK/ERK/STAT signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:22-32. [PMID: 26477637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanocortin peptides afford cardioprotection during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion via janus kinases (JAK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and signal transducers/activators of transcription (STAT) pathways. Here we investigated whether melanocortin-induced modulation of the JAK/ERK/STAT signaling occurs via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, focusing our study on cardiac and hepatic responses to prolonged myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Ischemia was produced in rats by ligature of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30min; effects of ischemia/reperfusion were evaluated using Western blot of heart and liver proteins. Intravenous treatment, during coronary artery occlusion, with the melanocortin analog (Nle(4), D-Phe(7))α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NDP-α-MSH) induced a left ventricle up-regulation of the cardioprotective transcription factors pJAK2, pERK1/2 and pTyr-STAT3 (JAK-dependent), and a reduction in the levels of the inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and pJNK (a transcription factor also involved in apoptosis), as assessed at the end of the 2-h reperfusion period. Further, these beneficial effects of NDP-α-MSH were associated with heart over-expression of the pro-survival proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and Bcl-XL, and decrease of ventricular arrhythmias and infarct size. In the liver NDP-α-MSH induced a decrease in the pJAK2 and pTyr-STAT3 levels, and strongly reduced pERK1/2 expression. In the liver of ischemic rats NDP-α-MSH also blunted pJNK activity and TNF-α expression, and up-regulated Bcl-XL. Bilateral cervical vagotomy prevented all effects of NDP-α-MSH, both in the heart and liver. These results indicate that melanocortins inhibit heart and liver damage triggered by prolonged myocardial ischemia/reperfusion likely, as main mechanism, via the vagus nerve-mediated modulation of the JAK/STAT/ERK signaling pathways.
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22
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Chen L, Qi Y, Yang X. Neuroprotective Effects of Crocin against Oxidative Stress Induced by Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Retina. Ophthalmic Res 2015; 54:157-68. [DOI: 10.1159/000439026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Allopurinol Protects against Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Injury in Rat Urinary Bladders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:906787. [PMID: 26491537 PMCID: PMC4600567 DOI: 10.1155/2015/906787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bladder ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and markedly elevates the risk of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XO) and thus can serve as an antioxidant that reduces oxidative stress. Here, a rat model was used to assess the ability of allopurinol treatment to ameliorate the deleterious effects of urinary bladder I/R injury. I/R injury reduced the in vitro contractile responses of longitudinal bladder strips, elevated XO activity in the plasma and bladder tissue, increased the bladder levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, reduced the bladder levels of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), and decreased and increased the bladder levels of Bcl-2 and Bax, respectively. I/R injury also elevated lipid peroxidation in the bladder. Allopurinol treatment in the I/R injury was generated significantly ameliorating all I/R-induced changes. Moreover, an in situ fluorohistological approach also showed that allopurinol reduces the generation of intracellular superoxides enlarged by I/R injury. Together, the beneficial effects of allopurinol reducing ROS production may be mediated by normalizing the activity of the ERK, JNK, and Bax/Bcl-2 pathways and by controlling TNF-α expression.
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Dan H, Zhang L, Qin X, Peng X, Wong M, Tan X, Yu S, Fang N. Moutan cortex extract exerts protective effects in a rat model of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 94:245-50. [PMID: 26610043 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Moutan cortex (MC) is a traditional Chinese medicine with diverse biological effects. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of MC on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats and to explore its possible mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered MC extract (1.98 g/kg, i.g.) for 14 days and underwent a subsequent open-chest procedure involving 30 min of myocardial ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. The cardioprotective effect of MC was demonstrated by reduced infarct size and marked improvement in the histopathological examination. The increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) as well as the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) indicated that MC effectively promoted the anti-oxidative defense system. Increased anti-oxidative defense was accompanied by decreased release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). The reduction in TUNEL-positive myocytes demonstrated that MC decreased myocardial apoptosis. The mRNA expression of B cell leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) was upregulated by MC and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) mRNA expression was increased. MC pretreatment decreased the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The data from this study suggest that MC exerted protective effects on acute myocardial I/R injury via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Dan
- a Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 1 Huang-jia-hu, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 1 Huang-jia-hu, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Qin
- a Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 1 Huang-jia-hu, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Peng
- a Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 1 Huang-jia-hu, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyan Wong
- a Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 1 Huang-jia-hu, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Tan
- b Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanggong Yu
- c Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Nianbai Fang
- c Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.,d Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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25
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Intermedin1–53 protects against cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress via activating AMP-activated protein kinase. J Hypertens 2015; 33:1676-87. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Xiong W, Qiu SY, Xu LY, Zhang CP, Yi Y, Wu Q, Huang LP, Liu SM, Wu B, Peng LC, Song MM, Gao Y, Liang SD. Effects of intermedin on dorsal root ganglia in the transmission of neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:780-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Shu-yi Qiu
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Ling-yun Xu
- Department of Stomatology; The First People's Hospital of Fuzhou; Fuzhou Jiangxi Province China
| | - Chun-ping Zhang
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Yun Yi
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Qin Wu
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Li-ping Huang
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Shuang-mei Liu
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Li-chao Peng
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Miao-miao Song
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Shang-dong Liang
- Department of Physiology; Medical School of Nanchang University; Nanchang China
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Wang Y, Tian J, Guo H, Mi Y, Zhang R, Li R. Intermedin ameliorates IgA nephropathy by inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Clin Exp Med 2015; 16:183-92. [PMID: 25916508 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-015-0351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most frequent form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of IgAN has been reported. Intermedin (IMD) is a newly discovered peptide that is closely related to adrenomedullin. We have recently reported that IMD can significantly reduce renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by diminishing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation. The present study was designed to explore whether IMD ameliorates IgAN via oxidative stress- and inflammation-dependent mechanisms. Our results showed that IMD administration resulted in the prevention of albuminuria and ameliorated renal pathomorphological changes. These findings were associated with (1) decreased renal TGF-β1 and collagen IV expression, (2) an increased SOD level and reduced MDA level, (3) the inhibition of the renal activation of NF-κB p65 and (4) the downregulation of the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, MCP-1 and MMP-9) in the kidney. These results indicate that IMD in the kidney protects against IgAN by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiu Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No. 29 Shuang Ta East Street, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, No. 29 Shuang Ta East Street, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Yamac AH, Bacaksiz A, Ismailoglu Z, Kucukbuzcu S, Sevgili E, Asoglu E, Nasifov M, Jafarov P, Erdogan E, Goktekin O. Implication of plasma intermedin levels in patients who underwent first-time diagnostic coronary angiography: a single centre, cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:182. [PMID: 25495100 PMCID: PMC4271361 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intermedin (IMD) is involved in the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque progression, possessing cardioprotective effects from hypertrophy, fibrosis and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Elevated plasma IMD levels have been demonstrated in patients with acute coronary syndromes. No human study has examined the role of IMD in stable patients who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography with suspicion of coronary artery disease (CAD). Thus we investigated the role of IMD as a biomarker to discriminate patients with CAD and predict those with severe disease who require early and intensive therapeutic intervention before presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Methods Eligible two hundred and thirty-eight consecutive patients (123 males, mean age 58.4 ± 10.0 years) who underwent first-time diagnostic coronary angiography were included in this study. Plasma concentrations of IMD were measured from arterial blood samples by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were divided into three groups according to the presence and degree of CAD, consisting of 48 patients with normal coronary anatomy (Group 1), 111 patients with < 50% coronary stenosis (Group 2), and 79 patients with ≥ 50% stenosis in at least one of the major coronary arteries (group 3). The severity and extent of CAD was evaluated by calculations of the vessel, Gensini, and SYNTAX scores. Results Circulating plasma IMD levels in patients with CAD were significantly higher than those in patients without CAD (157.7 ± 9.6, 134.8 ± 11.9, and 117.6 ± 7.9 pg/mL in groups 3, 2 and 1 respectively; p < 0.001). Besides, plasma IMD levels were correlated with Gensini and SYNTAX scores (rs = 0.742, and rs = 0.296, respectively; p < 0.05). The presence of ≥50% coronary artery stenosis could be predicted if a cut-off value of 147.7 pg/mL for plasma IMD was used with 88.6% sensitivity and 88.7% specificity. Moreover, a plasma IMD level of <126.6 pg/mL could discriminate a patient with normal coronary arteries from patients with angiographically proven CAD with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.7%, and 83.3% respectively. Conclusions We demonstrated that IMD might be used as a biomarker to predict CAD and its severity in patients who underwent first time diagnostic coronary angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Hatice Yamac
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, BezmiÂlem Foundation University, Adnan Menderes Avenue, Vatan Street, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Liu M, Sun Q, Wang Q, Wang X, Lin P, Yang M, Yan Y. Effect of trapidil in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 46:207-10. [PMID: 24741195 PMCID: PMC3987192 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.129320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of trapidil on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rabbits were subjected to 40 min of myocardial ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Blood for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. At the end of reperfusion, the rabbits were sacrificed and the hearts were isolated for histological examination. An apoptotic index (AI) was determined using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) method. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS Trapidil caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in SOD activity, as decreased MDA levels and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the expression of Bax as compared with the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) control group. CONCLUSION Trapidil may attenuate the myocardial damage produced by IR injury and offer potential cardioprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Liu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China ; Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Qi Sun
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China ; 202 Military Hospital of China, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- 202 Military Hospital of China, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
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Tang B, Zhong Z, Shen HW, Wu HP, Xiang P, Hu B. Intermedin as a prognostic factor for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Peptides 2014; 58:98-102. [PMID: 24969626 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intermedin functions systemically as a potent vasodilator and its plasma levels have been shown to be elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of plasma intermedin level in the patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Plasma intermedin concentrations of 128 patients and 128 healthy controls were determined using a radioimmunoassay. Patients were followed up for 6 months for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) consisting of cardiovascular mortality, reinfarction, hospitalization for decompensated heart failure, and lift-threatening arrhythmia. The association of plasma intermedin levels with MACE was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Plasma intermedin levels were significantly higher in patients than in healthy subjects. Elevated plasma level of intermedin was identified as an independent predictor of MACE. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that plasma intermedin levels had high predictive value for MACE. Moreover, its predictive value was similar to Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events scores' based on area under curve. Meantime, it obviously improved Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events scores' predictive value in a combined logistic-regression model. In multivariate Cox's proportional hazard analysis, plasma intermedin level emerged as an independent predictor of MACE-free survival. Thus, our results suggest that high plasma intermedin level is associated with poor outcomes of patients and may be a useful prognostic biomarker in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China
| | - Ze Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China
| | - Hui-Ping Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China
| | - Peng Xiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiande City, 599 Yanzhou Main Road, Jiande 311600, China
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Gan XB, Sun HJ, Chen D, Zhang LL, Zhou H, Chen LY, Zhou YB. Intermedin in the paraventricular nucleus attenuates cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in chronic heart failure rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94234. [PMID: 24709972 PMCID: PMC3978024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Intermedin (IMD) is a member of calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family together with adrenomedullin (AM) and amylin. It has a wide distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) especially in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) is enhanced in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of IMD in the PVN on CSAR and its related mechanisms in CHF rats. Methodology/Principal Findings Rats were subjected to left descending coronary artery ligation to induce CHF or sham-operation (Sham). Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded. CSAR was evaluated by the RSNA and MAP responses to epicardial application of capsaicin. Acute experiments were carried out 8 weeks after coronary ligation or sham surgery under anesthesia. IMD and angiotensin II (Ang II) levels in the PVN were up-regulated in CHF rats. Bilateral PVN microinjection of IMD caused greater decreases in CSAR and the baseline RSNA and MAP in CHF rats than those in Sham rats. The decrease of CSAR caused by IMD was prevented by pretreatment with AM receptor antagonist AM22-52, but not CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8-37. Ang II in the PVN significantly enhanced CSAR and superoxide anions level, which was inhibited by PVN pretreatment with IMD or tempol (a superoxide anions scavenger) in Sham and CHF rats. Conclusion IMD in the PVN inhibits CSAR via AM receptor, and attenuates the effects of Ang II on CSAR and superoxide anions level in CHF rats. PVN superoxide anions involve in the effect of IMD on attenuating Ang II-induced CSAR response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Bing Gan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Physiology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Yan Chen
- Department of Haematology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye-Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Wang Y, Li R, Qiao X, Tian J, Su X, Wu R, Zhang R, Zhou X, Li J, Shao S. Intermedin/adrenomedullin 2 protects against tubular cell hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in vitro by promoting cell proliferation and upregulating cyclin D1 expression. Nephrology (Carlton) 2014; 18:623-32. [PMID: 23782291 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Intermedin/adrenomedullin 2 (IMD/ADM2) is a newly discovered peptide closely related to adrenomedullin. We recently reported that IMD/ADM2 gene transfer could significantly reduce renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we evaluated the effect of IMD/ADM2 on cell proliferation and regeneration in a cultured rat renal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury. METHODS The H/R model in NRK-52E cells consisted of hypoxia for 1 h and reoxygenation for 2 h. IMD/ADM2 was overexpressed in NRK-52E cells using the vector pcDNA3.1-IMD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the concentration of IMD/ADM2 in the culture medium, and real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to determine mRNA and protein levels. In addition, luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays were performed to measure cyclin D1 promoter activity and transcription factor activity. RESULTS We found that IMD/ADM2 gene transfer markedly promoted cell viability and decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell apoptosis compared with that of H/R. IMD/ADM2 increased the phosphorylation of ERK and decreased the phosphorylation of JNK and P38. Furthermore, IMD/ADM2 promoted cell cycle progression with concomitant increases in the levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, and these effects were blocked by the inhibition of ERK, or the agonist JNK and P38. IMD/ADM2 also increased cyclin D1 promoter activity and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that IMD/ADM2 promotes renal cell proliferation and regeneration after renal H/R injury by upregulating cyclin D1 and that this upregulation seems to be mediated by the ERK, JNK, and P38 MAPK signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Mao SZ, Fan XF, Xue F, Chen R, Chen XY, Yuan GS, Hu LG, Liu SF, Gong YS. Intermedin modulates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 27:1-9. [PMID: 23796770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disabling disease with limited treatment options. Hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling is a major cause of hypoxic PAH. Pharmacological agents that can inhibit the remodeling process may have great therapeutic value. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of intermedin (IMD), a new calcitonin gene-related peptide family of peptide, on hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling. METHODS Rats were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (∼10% O(2)), or exposed to hypoxia and treated with IMD, administered by an implanted mini-osmotic pump (6.5 μg/rat/day), for 4 weeks. The effects of IMD infusion on the development of hypoxic PAH and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, on pulmonary vascular remodeling, on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and apoptosis, and on the activations of l-arginine nitric oxide (NO) pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptotic pathway were examined. RESULTS Rats exposed to hypoxia developed PAH and RV hypertrophy. IMD treatment alleviated PAH and prevented RV hypertrophy. IMD inhibited hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling as indicated by reduced wall thickness and increased lumen diameter of pulmonary arterioles, and decreased muscularization of distal pulmonary vasculature in hypoxia-exposed rats. IMD treatment inhibited PASMC proliferation and promoted PASMC apoptosis. IMD treatment increased tissue level of constitutive NO synthase activity and tissue NO content in lungs, and enhanced l-arginine uptake into pulmonary vascular tissues. IMD treatment increased cellular levels of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 and GRP94, two major markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and increased caspase-12 expression, the ER stress-specific caspase, in lungs and cultured PASMCs. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that IMD treatment attenuates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling, and thereby hypoxic PAH mainly by inhibiting PASMC proliferation. Promotion of PASMC apoptosis may also contribute to the inhibitory effect of IMD. Activations l-arginine-NO pathway and of ER stress-specific apoptosis pathway could be the mechanisms mediating the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of IMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Zhong Mao
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xuan-Ying Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Gong-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Liang-Gang Hu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shu Fang Liu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
| | - Yong-Sheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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Li L, Ma P, Liu Y, Huang C, O WS, Tang F, Zhang JV. Intermedin attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in the rat testis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65278. [PMID: 23750251 PMCID: PMC3672160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
First reported as a vasoactive peptide in the cardiovascular system, intermedin (IMD), also known as adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), is a hormone with multiple potent roles, including its antioxidant action on the pulmonary, central nervous, cardiovascular and renal systems. Though IMD may play certain roles in trophoblast cell invasion, early embryonic development and cumulus cell-oocyte interaction, the role of IMD in the male reproductive system has yet to be investigated. This paper reports our findings on the gene expression of IMD, its receptor components and its protein localization in the testes. In a rat model, bacterial lippolysaccharide (LPS) induced atypical orchitis, and LPS treatment upregulated the expression of IMD and one of its receptor component proteins, i.e. receptor activity modifying protein 2 (RAMP2). IMD decreased both plasma and testicular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, attenuated the increase in the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), rescued spermatogenesis, and prevented the decrease in plasma testosterone levels caused by LPS. The restorative effect of IMD on steroidogenesis was also observed in hydrogen peroxide-treated rat primary Leydig cells culture. Our results indicate IMD plays an important protective role in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, suggesting therapeutic potential for IMD in pathological conditions such as orchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Wai-sum O
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fai Tang
- Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Single-Molecule Detection and Instrument Development, Shenzhen City, China
- Innovative Pharmacology and Biotherapy Pre-Clinical Test Public Service Platform of Shenzhen, Shenzhen City, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhao Y, Wang MY, Hao K, Chen XQ, Du JZ. CRHR1 mediates p53 transcription induced by high altitude hypoxia through ERK 1/2 signaling in rat hepatic cells. Peptides 2013; 44:8-14. [PMID: 23538210 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that hypoxia activates corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and the expression of its type-1 receptor (CRHR1) and induces disorders of the brain-endocrine-immune network. p53 is activated by hypoxia and involved in tumorigenesis and apoptosis. Whether CRHR1 regulates p53 transactivation to further influence apoptotic genes remains unclear. Here, we showed that hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 5km or 7km for 8 and 24h increased p53 protein and mRNA, and reduced apoptotic bax and IGFBP3 gene expression while upregulating the cell-arrest gene p21 for 8h in rat liver cells. The upregulation of p53 mRNA and downregulation of bax mRNA induced by hypoxia were blocked by pretreatment with the specific CRHR1 antagonist CP-154,526, but the downregulation of IGFBP3 and upregulation of p21 mRNA were not. Furthermore, CRH stimulated p53 mRNA via the ERK 1/2 pathway in the BRL-3A cell line and this was blocked by the ERK 1/2 antagonist U0126. These data provide novel evidence that the CRHR1-triggered ERK 1/2 pathway is involved in the activation of p53 and suppression of the apoptotic bax gene by hypoxia in rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Qin YW, Teng X, He JQ, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Increased plasma levels of intermedin and brain natriuretic peptide associated with severity of coronary stenosis in acute coronary syndrome. Peptides 2013; 42:84-8. [PMID: 23391507 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a newly discovered peptide with increased levels in plasma and cardiac tissue in mice with ischemia/reperfusion. Continuous administration of low dose IMD markedly elevated the mRNA abundance of myocardial BNP in rats. Plasma BNP levels may reflect the severity of degree of coronary stenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the role of circulating IMD in coronary heart disease remains unclear. We aimed to examine the plasma content of IMD and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its clinical significance in patients with ACS. We collected plasma samples from 41 patients with ACS and 31 controls and measured IMD and BNP levels by radioimmunoassay. The severity of coronary artery stenosis for patients with ACS was measured by coronary angiography. Plasma IMD and BNP levels were markedly higher in ACS patients than that in controls (P<0.05). The increased plasma IMD and BNP were positively correlated with degree of coronary stenosis in ACS patients (r=0.263 and r=0.238, respectively, both P<0.05). In addition, plasma levels of IMD were positively correlated with BNP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Li ZL, Hu J, Li YL, Xue F, Zhang L, Xie JQ, Liu ZH, Li H, Yi DH, Liu JC, Wang SW. The effect of hyperoside on the functional recovery of the ischemic/reperfused isolated rat heart: potential involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 57:132-40. [PMID: 23291593 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the leading causes of death in the world is ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-mediated acute myocardial infarction. There are a lot of Chinese traditional patent medicines, such as Xin'an capsules, Xin Xuening tablets, and so on, which have protective effects against myocardial I/R injury and have been routinely used in treating cardiac diseases for a long time in China. Hyperoside (Hyp) is the chief component of these medicines. This study investigated the action of Hyp in isolated myocardial I/R injury, as well as its possible mechanisms. Using the Langendorff model, isolated Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 50 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function was measured, and infarct size was evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at the end of the reperfusion. Coronary effluent was analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). Myocardium was also measured for total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) was analyzed by Western blotting. We report for the first time that administration of Hyp before/after I/R significantly improved heart contraction and limited the infarct size and CK and LDH leakage from the damaged myocardium after I/R. The activity of SOD and the MDA content remarkably changed in the presence of Hyp as well. Phosphorylation of ERK was significantly increased in Hyp-treated hearts compared to controls (p<0.01). Hyp-induced ERK phosphorylation was inhibited by PD98059. We therefore conclude that Hyp can protect cardiomyocytes from I/R-induced oxidative stress through the activation of ERK-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-lin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Yang X, Zhang H, Jia Y, Ni L, Li G, Xue L, Jiang Y. Effects of intermedin1-53 on myocardial fibrosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013; 45:141-8. [PMID: 23174675 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gms093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family and has similar or more potent cardiovascular actions than adrenomedullin (ADM) and any other CGRP. The aim of the present work is to study the effects of IMD1-53 on cardiac fibroblast fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Myocardial infarction model was prepared by ligating rats' left anterior descending coronary artery. Mesenchymal collagen contents in the left ventricle were accessed by Sirius-red stain. Heart functions were explored by hemodynamic changes. Expression of I and III type collagens, IMD1-53, receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMP)1/2/3, and calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) in left ventricle were detected by western blot analysis. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFbs) fibrosis was induced by treating the cells with aldosterone (ALD). CFbs proliferation and the hydroxyproline contents in supernatants were determined by 3-[4,5-dimehyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Heart function was decreased in myocardial infarction model rats. Expression of type I and type III collagens in infarcted zone in myocardial rats was higher than those in the sham-operated group. IMD1-53, RAMP, and CRLR in left ventricle were also up-regulated. In vitro experiment showed that ALD was a powerful stimulator of CFbs activation. IMD1-53 decreased ALD-induced CFbs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CGRP8-37 and ADM22-52 remarkably blocked the effect of IMD1-53 on ALD-induced myocardial cell fibrosis. IMD could be involved in the onset of cardiac fibrosis. Like ADM, IMD1-53 exerts an antifibrotic effect on CFbs, which might be mediated by CRLR/RAMP complex and ADM receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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