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Ahmad Ibrahim O, Ahmad AB, Nigm DA, Hussien AN, Mohammad Ibrahim WH. Subclinical atherosclerotic predictive value of inflammatory markers in thalassemia intermedia patients. Expert Rev Hematol 2021; 14:669-677. [PMID: 34296962 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1959316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high incidence of thromboembolic events is observed in thalassemia patients. This study investigated the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and lipid profile, iron metabolic indices (IMI), and inflammatory markers in β-thalassemia intermedia (β- TI) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-five β-TI patients at Assiut University Hospital and 34 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. We measured Lipid profile, IMI, high sensitive CRP (Hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and compared the results between both groups. We used CIMT measurement as a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis. We used both univariate and multivariate analyses to test relations and independent predictors of CIMT. RESULTS β-TI patients had higher CIMT (P = 0.000). CIMT was positively correlated with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (r = 0.320, p = 0.032), ferritin (r = 0.544, p = 0.000), Hs-CRP (r = 0.603, p = 0.000), and IL-6 (r = 0.520, p = 0.000). Hs-CRP was an independent predictor of CIMT (p = 0.000). Hs-CRP cut off value of 60.4 ug/dl has sensitivity of 63.3% and specificity of 93.3% in predicting premature atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION β-TI patients had higher CIMT despite the protective lipid profile. Hs-CRP was an independent predictor of CIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Ahmad Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Unit, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmad B Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Critical Care Unit, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ahmad Nigm
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Nady Hussien
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Unit, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathophysiology of coronary slow flow (CSF) has not been clarified. Salusin-β is released predominantly from the atheroma plaques and influences the pathophysiologic processes of atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine serum salusin-β levels in CSF and its correlation with CSF. METHODS The study included 39 patients with CSF, and the control group (n=42) consisted of consecutive subjects with normal coronary arteriogram. We measured salusin-β and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count (TFC). RESULTS Age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking rates were similar (p values>0.05) in both groups. High sensitive C-reactive protein (2.80±1.2 vs. 2.21±1.2 mg/dL, p=0.011), salusin-β [1205 (330-2092) vs. 162 (29-676), pg/ml, p<0.001], corrected TFC of left anterior descending coronary artery (29±9 vs. 19.7±3.7, p<0.001), circumflex artery TFC (25±10 vs. 15±3.2, p<0.001), right coronary artery TFC (28±7.1 vs. 13±3.3, p<0.001), and mean TFC (28±4.4 vs. 16±3.7, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the CSF group. In univariate and multivariate regression analysis, only BMI (unstandardized β±SE=0.178±0.08, p=0.036) and salusin-β levels (unstandardized β±SE=0.006±0.01, p<0.001) were determined as predictors of CSF. There was a good correlation between serum salusin-β and mean TFC values (r=0.564; p<0.001). CONCLUSION There is an association between serum salusin-β levels and CSF.
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Sipahi S, Genc AB, Acikgoz SB, Yildirim M, Aksoy YE, Vatan MB, Dheir H, Altındis M. Relationship of salusin-alpha and salusin-beta levels with atherosclerosis in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Singapore Med J 2018; 60:210-215. [PMID: 30311629 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2018123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In patients undergoing haemodialysis, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, characterised by accelerated atherosclerosis and increased inflammation, are elevated. Salusins are newly defined molecules in the atherosclerotic processes, and while salusin-alpha (Sal-α) acts as an antiatherogenic factor, salusin-beta (Sal-β) has a proatherogenic role. Their roles are as yet undefined in patients undergoing haemodialysis. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, salusin levels, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) from the common carotid artery and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured for 180 patients undergoing haemodialysis and 90 healthy controls. RESULTS Mean Sal-α and Sal-β levels in patients undergoing haemodialysis (Sal-α: 726.4 ± 578.7 pg/mL; Sal-β: 1,080.4 ± 757.1 pg/mL) and healthy controls (Sal-α: 325.8 ± 303.7 pg/mL; Sal-β: 268.1 ± 409.0 pg/mL) were determined. Negative correlation was observed between Sal-α levels and CIMT (patients undergoing haemodialysis: r = -0.330, p < 0.0001; healthy controls: r = -0.223, p = 0.035) and PWV (patients undergoing haemodialysis: r = -0.210, p = 0.005; healthy controls: r = -0.378, p < 0.0001) in both groups. In patients undergoing haemodialysis, positive correlation was observed between Sal-β/Sal-α ratio and CIMT (r = 0.190, p = 0.012) and PWV (r = 0.155, p = 0.041). On subgroup analysis, Sal-α levels were found to be low in patients with diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing haemodialysis have higher Sal-β and Sal-α levels, and their higher Sal-β/Sal-α ratio, in comparison with healthy controls, might have cardiovascular risk implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Sipahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Bilal Genc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Seyyid Bilal Acikgoz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yildirim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Yakup Ersel Aksoy
- Department of Radiology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bulent Vatan
- Department of Cardiology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hamad Dheir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altındis
- Department of Microbiology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
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Aydin S, Kuloglu T, Aydin S, Yardim M, Azboy D, Temizturk Z, Kalkan AK, Eren MN. The effect of iloprost and sildenafil, alone and in combination, on myocardial ischaemia and nitric oxide and irisin levels. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 28:389-396. [PMID: 28906529 PMCID: PMC5885053 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2017-025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Insufficient oxygen supply to organs and tissues due to reduced arterial or venous blood flow results in ischaemia, during which, although ATP production stops, AMP and adenosine continue to be produced from ATP. The fate of irisin, which causes the production of heat instead of ATP during ischaemia, is unknown. Iloprost and sildenafil are two pharmaceutical agents that mediate the resumption of reperfusion (blood supply) via vasodilatation during ischaemic conditions. Our study aimed to explore the effects of iloprost and sildenafil on irisin levels in the heart, liver and kidney tissues and whether these pharmaceutical agents had any impact on serum irisin and nitric oxide levels in rats with induced experimental myocardial ischaemia. Methods The study included adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10 months and weighing between 250 and 280 g. The animals were randomly allocated to eight groups, with five rats in each group. The groups were: sham (control), iloprost (ILO), sildenafil (SIL), ILO + SIL, myocardial ischaemia (MI), MI + ILO, MI + SIL and MI + ILO + SIL. The treatment protocols were implemented before inducing ischaemia, which was done by occluding the left coronary artery with a plastic ligature for 30 minutes. Following the reperfusion procedure, all rats were sacrificed after 24 hours, and their heart, liver and kidney tissues and blood samples were collected for analyses. An immunohistochemical method was used to measure the change in irisin levels, the ELISA method to quantify blood irisin levels, and Griess’ assay to determine nitric oxide (NO) levels in the serum and tissue. Myocardial ischaemia was confirmed based on the results of Masson’s trichrome staining, as well as levels of troponin and creatine kinase MB. Results Irisin levels in biological tissue and serum dropped statistically significantly in the ischaemic group (MI), but were restored with ILO and SIL administration. Individual SIL administration was more potently restorative than individual ILO administration or the combined administration of the two agents. NO level, on the other hand, showed the opposite tendency, reaching the highest level in the MI group, and falling with the use of pharmaceutical agents. Conclusions Individual or combined administration of ILO and SIL reduced myocardial ischaemia and NO levels, and increased irisin levels. Elevated levels of irisin obtained by drug administration could possibly contribute to accelerated wound recovery by local heat production. Sildenafil was more effective than iloprost in eliminating ischaemia and may be the first choice in offsetting the effects of ischaemia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Aydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Elazig, Turkey; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yardim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Davut Azboy
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Zeki Temizturk
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ali Kemal Kalkan
- Department of Cardiology, Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nesimi Eren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Wang T, Dong AH, Cao HY. Serum Salusin-β Levels Are Correlated with Slow Coronary Flow. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:393-7. [PMID: 27227272 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Slow coronary flow (SCF) is a special coronary microvascular disorder associated with recurrent chest pain. The pathogenesis of SCF remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We sought to assess whether serum salusin-β levels are correlated with SCF. METHODS We enrolled 76 patients with angiographically confirmed SCF and 108 age- and gender-matched controls. We measured serum salusin-β levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and coronary flow rate was assessed using thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count (TFC). RESULTS Serum salusin-β levels were elevated in SCF patients compared with controls (4.33 [range 3.52-5.87] nmol/L vs. 3.76 [range 2.98-4.67] nmol/L). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that salusin-β in serum was the independent predictor of SCF (odds ratio = 1.814). Serum salusin-β levels were independently correlated with mean-TFC (r = 0.355, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Serum salusin-β levels were independently associated with SCF. Therefore, our findings implicate a potential role of salusin-β in the pathophysiology of SCF and provide insights on both risk stratification and modification in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Shandong Jiaotong Hospital , Jinan, China
| | - Ai-Hua Dong
- 2 Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Linzi District , Zibo, China
| | - Hong-Yun Cao
- 3 Department of Clinical Microbiology, People's Hospital of Linzi District , Zibo, China
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Kołakowska U, Kuroczycka–Saniutycz E, Wasilewska A, Olański W. Is the serum level of salusin-β associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis in the pediatric population? Pediatr Nephrol 2015; 30:523-31. [PMID: 25245503 PMCID: PMC4315408 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-014-2960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salusins are recently identified endogenous bioactive peptides that have hypotensive and bradycardiac effects. Salusin-β is involved in the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of a young patient population with hypertension (HTN). Based on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), the adolescents were categorized into two groups, namely, a hypertensive group consisting of patients with essential (primary) HTN (HTN group) and a group consisting of patients with white-coat HTN [reference (R) group]. Correlations between serum salusin-β level and clinical, laboratory and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) variables were assessed. RESULTS The median salusin-β concentration was significantly higher in patients with essential HTN than in those with white-coat HTN (R group). Salusin-β was positively correlated with the body mass index Z-score, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) from three independent measurements, mean systolic BP during the daytime, triglyceride (TG) level, and atherogenic index (TG/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio). CONCLUSIONS The results of this preliminary study suggest that salusin-β may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HTN in a young population. Further research should focus on the role of salusin-β in the mechanism of essential HTN and the assessment of possible correlations between salusin-β and other well-known markers of atherosclerosis in both teenagers and adults. This research should serve as a base for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kołakowska
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Witold Olański
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Kuloglu T, Aydin S, Eren MN, Yilmaz M, Sahin I, Kalayci M, Sarman E, Kaya N, Yilmaz OF, Turk A, Aydin Y, Yalcin MH, Uras N, Gurel A, Ilhan S, Gul E, Aydin S. Irisin: a potentially candidate marker for myocardial infarction. Peptides 2014; 55:85-91. [PMID: 24576483 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes energy depletion through imbalance between coronary blood supply and myocardial demand. Irisin produced by the heart reduces ATP production by increasing heat generation. Energy depletion affects irisin concentration in circulation and cardiac tissues, suggesting an association with MI. We examined: (1) irisin expression immunohistochemically in rat heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and liver in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI, and (2) serum irisin concentration by ELISA. Rats were randomly allocated into 6 groups (n=6), (i) control, (ii) ISO (1h), (iii) ISO (2h), (iv) ISO (4h), (v) ISO (6h), and (vi) ISO (24h), 200mg ISO in each case. Rats were decapitated and the blood and tissues collected for irisin analysis. Blood was centrifuged at 1792 g for 5 min. Tissues were washed with saline and fixed in 10% formalin for histology. Serum irisin levels gradually decreased from 1h to 24h in MI rats compared with controls, the minimum being at 2h, increasing again after 6h. Cardiac muscle cells, glomerular, peritubular renal cortical interstitial cells, hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal cells and perimysium, endomysium and nucleoi of skeletal muscle were irisin positive, but its synthesis decreased 1-4h after MI. At all time-points, irisin increased near myocardial connective tissue, with production in skeletal muscle, liver and kidney recovering after 6h, although slower than controls. Unique insight into the pathogenesis of MI is shown, and the gradually decrease of serum irisin might be a diagnostic marker for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuncay Kuloglu
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Suna Aydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Research and Education Hospital, Elazig 23100, Turkey; Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nesimi Eren
- Dicle University, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey
| | - Musa Yilmaz
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sahin
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Elazig 23119, Turkey; Erzincan University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kalayci
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Emine Sarman
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Nalan Kaya
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Osman Fatih Yilmaz
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Turk
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Yalcin Aydin
- Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Student, Ankara 06110, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin
- Firat University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Nimet Uras
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Medical School Student, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Ali Gurel
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Ilhan
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacy, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Evrim Gul
- Department of Emergency, Elazig education and Research Hospital, Elazig 23100, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Elazig 23119, Turkey.
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Aydin S, Aydin S, Eren MN, Sahin İ, Yilmaz M, Kalayci M, Gungor O. The cardiovascular system and the biochemistry of grafts used in heart surgery. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:612. [PMID: 24324924 PMCID: PMC3855918 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Blood is pumped into the cardiac muscle through arteries called the coronary arteries. Over time, the accumulation of cholesterol, coagulation factors, and cells on the walls of these arteries causes the walls to thicken and lose their elasticity, resulting in the development of atherosclerosis. When the blood supply of the heart is diminished by atherosclerosis, it can be restored by bypass surgery, in which atherosclerosis-free vein and/or artery grafts taken from another area of the body are used to replace the atherosclerotic vessels. These biological grafts used in surgery differ in biochemical composition and long-term patency. Although the great saphenous vein (GSV) has been the most popular graft material in revascularization for years, it has recently been superseded by the internal mammarian artery (IMA), which has a lower incidence of recurrence of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present review is briefly to address the structure of the cardiovascular system and blood vessels, and then, in the light recent data, to present the biochemical compositions and individual advantages of the graft materials used to restore an impaired blood supply to the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Aydin
- />Elazig Research and Education Hospital, Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
- />School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- />School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nesimi Eren
- />School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Sahin
- />School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
- />School of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Erzincan University, 24030 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Musa Yilmaz
- />School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kalayci
- />School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormone Research Groups), Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Orhan Gungor
- />Elazig Research and Education Hospital, Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
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Aydin S, Celik O, Gurates B, Sahin I, Ulas M, Yilmaz M, Kalayci M, Kuloglu T, Catak Z, Aksoy A, Ozercan IH, Kumru S. Concentrations of preptin, salusins and hepcidins in plasma and milk of lactating women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus. Peptides 2013; 49:123-30. [PMID: 24060315 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to ascertain whether human milk contains preptin, salusin-alpha (salusin-α) and -beta (salusin-β) and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25, and whether there are relationships between plasma and milk preptin, salusin-α and -β and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations in lactating mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Blood was obtained from non-lactating women (n = 12), non-diabetic lactating women (n = 12), and GDM lactating women (n = 12). Colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk samples were collected just before suckling from healthy and GDM lactating women. Peptides concentrations were determined by ELISA and EIA. Mammary gland tissues were screened immunohistochemically for these peptides. Women with GDM had significantly higher plasma and colostum preptin concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral and transitional milk period. Salusin-alpha and -beta levels in milk and plasma were lower in women with GDM. Salusin-α and -β were significantly lower in both plasma and colostrums of GDM than of healthy lactating women. Women with GDM had significantly higher colostum prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral period. Plasma prohepcidin was also higher in women with GDM than in healthy lactating women during the colostral period, but plasma prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels decreased during mature milk period. Transitional milk pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels in women with GDM were higher than in healthy lactating women. All these results revealed that the mammary gland produces those peptides, which were present in milk at levels correlating with plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
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Salusins: potential use as a biomarker for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Int J Hypertens 2013; 2013:965140. [PMID: 24251033 PMCID: PMC3819761 DOI: 10.1155/2013/965140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human salusin- α and salusin- β are related peptides produced from prosalusin. Bolus injection of salusin- β into rats induces more profound hypotension and bradycardia than salusin- α . Central administration of salusin- β increases blood pressure via release of norepinephrine and arginine-vasopressin. Circulating levels of salusin- α and salusin- β are lower in patients with essential hypertension. Salusin- β exerts more potent mitogenic effects on human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and fibroblasts than salusin- α . Salusin- β accelerates inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells and monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Human macrophage foam cell formation is stimulated by salusin- β but suppressed by salusin- α . Chronic salusin- β infusion into apolipoprotein E-deficient mice enhances atherosclerotic lesions; salusin- α infusion reduces lesions. Salusin- β is expressed in proliferative neointimal lesions of porcine coronary arteries after stenting. Salusin- α and salusin- β immunoreactivity have been detected in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques, with dominance of salusin- β in macrophage foam cells, VSMCs, and fibroblasts. Circulating salusin- β levels increase and salusin- α levels decrease in patients with coronary artery disease. These findings suggest that salusin- β and salusin- α may contribute to proatherogenesis and antiatherogenesis, respectively. Increased salusin- β and/or decreased salusin- α levels in circulating blood and vascular tissue are closely linked with atherosclerosis. Salusin- α and salusin- β could be candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Aydin S, Aydin S. Salusin-alpha and -beta expression in heart and aorta with and without metabolic syndrome. Biotech Histochem 2013; 89:98-103. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.821167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Aydin S. Presence of adropin, nesfatin-1, apelin-12, ghrelins and salusins peptides in the milk, cheese whey and plasma of dairy cows. Peptides 2013; 43:83-7. [PMID: 23454173 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological fluids (milk and serum/plasma) and cheese whey milk-derived fluid contain numerous molecules, especially amino acids and proteins. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out whether cheese whey (n:6), cow milk (n:6) and its blood (n=6) have adropin, nesfatin-1, apelin-12, ghrelins and salusin peptides. Adropin, nesfatin-1, apelin-12 concentrations were measured by ELISA, whereas ghrelin and salusin concentrations were measured by EIA methods. It was found that adropin, nesfatin-1, apelin-12, des-acylated ghrelin and salusins in cheese whey were higher than in the corresponding milk peptides and plasma of dairy cows, with the exception of salusin alpha and acylated ghrelin in milk being the same than that of the corresponding cheese whey concentration and plasma of dairy cows. A correlation was also found between milk peptides and cheese whey, as also with plasma of dairy cows. The data suggest that peptides in cow milk might be an important and nutritious food for (neonatal) calves and human diet due to their biological and physiological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), Medical School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
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Expression of adropin in rat brain, cerebellum, kidneys, heart, liver, and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 380:73-81. [PMID: 23620340 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated how diabetes affects the expression of adropin (ADR) in rat brain, cerebellum, kidneys, heart, liver, and pancreas tissues. The rats in the diabetic group were administered an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of a single dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a 0.1 M phosphate-citrate buffer (pH 4.5). The rats were maintained in standard laboratory conditions in a temperature between 21 and 23 °C and a relative humidity of 70 %, under a 12-h light/dark cycle. The animals were fed a standard commercial pellet diet. After 10 weeks, the animals were sacrified. ADR concentrations in the serum and tissue supernatants were measured by ELISA, and immunohistochemical staining was used to follow the expression of the hormones in the brain, cerebellum, kidneys, heart, liver, and pancreas tissues. The quantities were then compared. Increased ADR immunoreaction was seen in the brain, cerebellum, kidneys, heart, liver, and pancreas in the diabetes-induced rats compared to control subjects. ADR was detected in the brain (vascular area, pia mater, neuroglial cell, and neurons), cerebellum (neuroglial cells, Purkinje cells, vascular areas, and granular layer), kidneys (glomerulus, peritubular interstitial cells, and peritubular capillary endothelial cells), heart (endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium), liver (sinusoidal cells), and pancreas (serous acini). Its concentrations (based on mg/wet weight tissues) in these tissues were measured by using ELISA showed that the levels of ADR were higher in the diabetic rats compared to the control rats. Tissue ADR levels based on mg/wet weight tissues were as follows: Pancreas > liver > kidney > heart > brain > cerebellar tissues. Evidence is presented that shows ADR is expressed in various tissues in the rats and its levels increased in STZ-induced diabetes; however, this effect on the pathophysiology of the disorder remains to be understood.
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Sahin I, Aydin S. Serum concentration and kidney expression of salusin-α and salusin-β in rats with metabolic syndrome induced by fructose. Biotech Histochem 2012; 88:153-60. [PMID: 23244237 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2012.744848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salusins expressed in a variety of tissues exert a hypotensive effect owing to their vasodilator action. They are found in serum and tissues in two different forms: salusin-α and salusin-β. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important public health problem characterized by diabetes, obesity, abnormal blood lipid levels and high blood pressure. We investigated how salusins in the circulation and in kidney tissues change in relation to MetS. Experiments were conducted on 5-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats assigned to either a control group or a MetS group. Controls were fed standard rat food and water ad libitum, while the MetS group was fed standard food with 10% fructose solution added to their drinking water for three months. After three months, all animals were sacrificed after a one night fast. Blood and tissues were collected and stored appropriately. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using the Konelab 60 auto-analyzer. Salusin-α and salusin-β levels in the blood and kidneys were studied using the ELISA method. The salusin expression in the renal tissue was shown by immunohistochemical staining. Compared to the control group, the MetS group showed elevated uric acid and other lipid parameters for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Serum salusin-α and salusin-β levels were decreased; however, salusin levels/mg kidney tissue were elevated. Immunohistochemical analysis of salusins in kidney tissue revealed their presence in the epithelium cells of the glomeruli, and proximal and distal tubule cells. The expression of both peptides in renal tissues was greater in the MetS group than in the control group. We believe that salusins are critical mediators in the etiopathology of MetS. Altered salusin levels are thought to regulate hypertension, which is a component of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sahin
- Department of Histology & Embryology , Erzincan University , Erzincan, 24100
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