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Porri A, Panozzo S, Tekeste Sisay M, Scarabel L, Lerchl J, Milani A. 3D structure of acetolactate synthase explains why the Asp-376-Glu point mutation does not give the same resistance level to different imidazolinone herbicides. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 204:106070. [PMID: 39277385 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides has dramatically increased worldwide due to the persisting evolution of target site mutations that reduce the affinity between the herbicide and the target. We evaluated the effect of the well-known ALS Asp-376-Glu target site mutation on different imidazolinone herbicides, including imazamox and imazethapyr. Greenhouse dose response experiments indicate that the Amaranthus retroflexus biotype carrying Asp-376-Glu was fully controlled by applying the field recommended dose of imazamox, whereas it displayed high level of resistance to imazethapyr. Likewise, Sorghum halepense, carrying Asp-376-Glu showed resistance to field recommended doses of imazethapyr but not of imazamox. Biochemical inhibition and kinetic characterization of the Asp-376-Glu mutant enzyme heterologously expressed using different plant sequence backbones, indicate that the Asp-376-Glu shows high level of insensitivity to imazethapyr but not to imazamox, corroborating the greenhouse results. Docking simulations revealed that imazamox can still inhibit the Asp-376-Glu mutant enzyme through a chalcogen interaction between the oxygen of the ligand and the sulfur atom of the ALS Met200, while imazethapyr does not create such interaction. These results explain the different sensitivity of the Asp-376-Glu mutation towards imidazolinone herbicides, thus providing novel information that can be exploited for defining stewardship guidelines to manage fields infested by weeds harboring the Asp-376-Glu mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimone Porri
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Silvia Panozzo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | | | - Laura Scarabel
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Jens Lerchl
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Andrea Milani
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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Ohta K, Kawamata E, Hori T, Sada Y. Connecting genes to whole plants in dilution effect of target-site ALS inhibitor resistance of Schoenoplectiella juncoides (Roxb.) Lye (Cyperaceae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 203:105984. [PMID: 39084788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on dilution effect of target-site resistance (TSR) to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors in Schoenoplectiella juncoides, which harbors two ALS genes, ALS1 and ALS2. We assessed gene expression, enzyme activity, and whole-plant resistance profiles across four S. juncoides lines: the susceptible line, the parental resistant lines with a homozygous mutation in either ALS1 or ALS2, and the bred progeny line with homozygous mutations in both ALS1 and ALS2. Gene expression and enzyme function showed a proportional relationship that the expression ratios of ALS1 to ALS2, approximately 70:30, were consistent with the functional ratio predicted by the double-sigmoidal plateau positions observed in enzyme assays. However, at the whole-plant level, resistance did not correlate to the putative abundance of susceptible enzyme, but the parental lines showed similar resistance to each other despite different enzyme-level resistances. This suggests a non-proportional mechanism in the reflection of physiological enzymatic profiles to whole-plant resistance profiles. These findings highlight the complexity of herbicide resistance and the need for further research to understand the mechanisms that influence resistance outcomes. Understanding these relationships is essential for developing strategies to manage herbicide resistance effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Ohta
- Health and Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Emi Kawamata
- Health and Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hori
- Health and Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Sada
- Health and Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan
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3
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Deng W, Yao S, Li Y, Yin H, Yang Q, Yuan S. An Asp376Glu substitution and P450s-involved metabolism endow resistance to ALS inhibitors in an Ammannia auriculata Willd. Population. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105911. [PMID: 38685231 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ammannia auriculata Willd. is a noxious broadleaf weed, commonly infesting rice ecosystems across southern China. A putative resistant A. auriculata population (AHSC-5) was sampled from a rice field of Anhui Province, where bensulfuron-methyl (BM) was unable to control its occurrence. This study aimed to determine the sensitivities of the AHSC-5 population to common-use herbicides, and to investigate the underlying resistance mechanisms. The bioassays showed that the AHSC-5 population was 138.1-fold resistant to BM, compared with the susceptible population (JSGL-1). Pretreatment of malathion reduced the resistance index to 19.5. ALS sequencing revealed an Asp376Glu substitution in the AHSC-5 population, and in vitro ALS activity assays found that 50% activity inhibition (I50) of BM in AHSC-5 was 75.4 times higher than that of JSGL-1. Moreover, the AHSC-5 population displayed cross-resistance to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (10.6-fold), bispyribac‑sodium (3.6-fold), and imazethapyr (2.2-fold), and was in the process of evolving multiple resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides fluroxypyr (2.3-fold) and florpyrauxifen-benzyl (3.1-fold). This study proved the BM resistance in A. auriculata caused by the Asp376Glu mutation and P450-regulated metabolism. This multi-resistant population can still be controlled by penoxsulam, MCPA, bentazone, and carfentrazone-ethyl, which aids in developing targeted and effective weed management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sai Yao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanqi Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhong Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Ohta K, Sada Y. Inheritance and stacking effect of mutant ALS genes in Schoenoplectiella juncoides (Roxb.) Lye (Cyperaceae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105745. [PMID: 38225088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Schoenoplectiella juncoides, a noxious sedge weed in Japanese rice paddy, has two ALS genes, and ALS-inhibitor-resistant plants have a mutation in one of the ALS genes. The authors aimed (a) to quantitate the effect of the number of mutant alleles of ALS genes on whole-plant resistance of S. juncoides and (b) to clarify a mode of inheritance of the resistance by investigating resistance levels of the progenies of a hybrid between two S. juncoides plants with Trp574Leu substitution in different ALS. A dose-response analysis on the parental lines and the F1 population suggested that the two ALS genes contribute equally to whole-plant resistant levels. A dose-response study on the F2 population indicated that it could be classified into five groups based on the sensitivities to metsulfuron-methyl. The five groups (in ascending order of resistance levels) were considered to have zero, one, two, three, and four mutant alleles. The stacking effect of mutant alleles on resistance enhancement was more significant when the number of mutant alleles was low than when it was high; in other words, each additional mutant allele stacking increases plant resistance, but the effect saturates as the number of mutant alleles increases. A chi-square test supported that the segregation ratio of the five groups corresponds to 1:4:6:4:1 of Mendelian independence for the two ALS loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Ohta
- Health and Crop Sciences Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yoshinao Sada
- Health and Crop Sciences Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan
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Ceseski AR, Godar AS, Ohadi S, Al-Khatib K. Target and nontarget mechanisms of AHAS inhibitor cross-resistance patterns in Cyperus difformis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105444. [PMID: 37248013 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Weed resistance to acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibiting herbicides has been a critical issue for rice growers worldwide since the early 1990's. In California, resistance to bensulfuron-methyl was first detected in Cyperus difformis in 1993. Since then, populations of most major weeds of rice in California have been reported to show resistance to at least one AHAS inhibitor. We sought to describe the magnitude and mechanisms of AHAS inhibitor cross-resistance in California populations of C. difformis. Sixty-two populations were collected and screened for cross-resistance to bensulfuron-methyl (BEN), halosulfuron-methyl (HAL), bispyribac‑sodium (BIS), and penoxsulam (PEN), revealing six major patterns of cross-resistance. Representative C. difformis populations from each cross-resistance pattern were then subjected to dose-response, cytochrome P450 inhibition, AHAS gene sequencing, and metabolic studies with the same herbicides as in the screening. Dose-response confirmed the detected resistances in the representative populations, and suggested that the majority of observed resistance was dose-dependent. Cytochrome P450 inhibition via malathion revealed evidence of increased metabolic activity in resistant populations to BEN, BIS, and PEN. AHAS gene sequencing revealed amino acid substitutions in five of six populations: R3 (Pro197-Ser), R4 (Pro97-His), R10 (Asp376), R41 (Ala122-Asn), and R18 (Trp574-Leu). Metabolic studies confirmed evidence of increased activity of cytochrome P450s in all populations. Metabolic BEN and HAL analysis did not yield similar results to malathion inhibition, suggesting different P450's or other pathways. Taken together, the results of the studies confirm the complexity of AHAS inhibitor cross-resistance in C. difformis, and the presence of both target-site and metabolic resistance in most of the representative populations underscores the importance of proper herbicide selection, rotation, and scouting in fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex R Ceseski
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Amar S Godar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sara Ohadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kassim Al-Khatib
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Cao Y, Lan Y, Huang H, Wei S, Li X, Sun Y, Wang R, Huang Z. Molecular Characterization of Resistance to Nicosulfuron in Setaria viridis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087105. [PMID: 37108267 PMCID: PMC10138712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. (Poales: Poaceae), is a troublesome and widespread grass weed in China. The acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide nicosulfuron has been intensively used to manage S. viridis, and this has substantially increased the selection pressure. Here we confirmed a 35.8-fold resistance to nicosulfuron in an S. viridis population (R376 population) from China and characterized the resistance mechanism. Molecular analyses revealed an Asp-376-Glu mutation of the ALS gene in the R376 population. The participation of metabolic resistance in the R376 population was proved by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) inhibitor pre-treatment and metabolism experiments. To further elucidate the mechanism of metabolic resistance, eighteen genes that could be related to the metabolism of nicosulfuron were obtained bythe RNA sequencing. The results of quantitative real-time PCR validation indicated that three ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (ABE2, ABC15, and ABC15-2), four P450 (C76C2, CYOS, C78A5, and C81Q32), and two UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT) (UGT13248 and UGT73C3), and one glutathione S-transferases (GST) (GST3) were the major candidates that contributed to metabolic nicosulfuron resistance in S. viridis. However, the specific role of these ten genes in metabolic resistance requires more research. Collectively, ALS gene mutations and enhanced metabolism may be responsible for the resistance of R376 to nicosulfuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuning Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongjuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shouhui Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangju Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaofeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Palmieri VE, Alvarez CE, Permingeat HR, Perotti VE. A122S, A205V, D376E, W574L and S653N substitutions in acetolactate synthase (ALS) from Amaranthus palmeri show different functional impacts on herbicide resistance. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:749-757. [PMID: 34693637 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, a problematic weed infesting summer crops in Argentina, has developed multiple herbicide resistance. Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides is particularly common, with high-level resistance mostly caused by different mutations in the ALS enzyme. Six versions of the enzyme were identified from a resistant A. palmeri population, carrying substitutions D376E, A205V, A122S, A282D, W574L and S653N. This work aims to provide a comparative analysis of these mutants and the wild-type (WT) enzyme to fully understand the herbicide resistance. Thus, all the versions of the ALS gene from A. palmeri were heterologously expressed and purified to evaluate their kinetics and inhibitory response against imazethapyr, diclosulam, chlorimuron-ethyl, flucarbazone-sodium and bispyribac-sodium. RESULTS A decrease in catalytic efficiency was detected in the A205V, A122S-A282D, W574L and S653N ApALS enzymes, whereas only A205V and W574L substitutions also produced a decrease in the substrate affinity. In vitro ALS inhibition assays confirmed cross-resistance to almost all the herbicides tested, with the exception of A282D ApALS, which was as susceptible as WT ApALS. Moreover, the results confirmed that the novel substitution A122S provides cross-resistance to at least one herbicide within each of the five families of ALS inhibitors, and this property could be explained by a lower number of hydrophobic interactions between the herbicides and the mutant enzyme. CONCLUSION This is the first report to compare various mutations in vitro from A. palmeri ALS. Our data contribute to understanding the impacts of herbicide resistance in this species. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria E Palmieri
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Clarisa E Alvarez
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hugo R Permingeat
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Valeria E Perotti
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
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Zakaria N, Ruzmi R, Moosa S, Asib N, Zulperi D, Ismail SI, Ahmad-Hamdani MS. Asp-376-Glu substitution endows target-site resistance to AHAS inhibitors in Limnocharis flava, an invasive weed in tropical rice fields. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:969-983. [PMID: 34108823 PMCID: PMC8140179 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau is a problematic weed in rice fields and water canals of Southeast Asia, and in Malaysia this invasive aquatic weed species has evolved multiple resistance to synthetic auxin herbicide and acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors. In this study, it was revealed that, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at amino acid position 376, where C was substituted to G at the third base of the same codon (GAC to GAG), resulting in Aspartate (Asp) substitution by Glutamate (Glu) was the contributing resistance mechanism in the L. flava population to AHAS inhibitors. In vitro assay further proved that, all the L. flava individuals carrying AHAS resistance mutation exhibited decreased-sensitivity to AHAS inhibitors at the enzyme level. In the bensulfuron-methyl whole-plant bioassay, high resistance indices (RI) of 328- and 437-fold were recorded in the absence and presence of malathion (the P450 inhibitor), respectively. Similarly, translocation and absorption of bensulfuron-methyl in both resistant and susceptible L. flava populations showed no remarkable differences, hence eliminated the possible co-existence of non-target-site resistance mechanism in the resistant L. flava. This study has confirmed another new case of a target-site resistant weed species to AHAS-inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazua Zakaria
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rabiatuladawiyah Ruzmi
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Salmah Moosa
- Division of Agrotechnology and Biosciences, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norhayu Asib
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Dzarifah Zulperi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Xu Y, Xu L, Li X, Zheng M. Investigation of resistant level to tribenuron-methyl, diversity and regional difference of the resistant mutations on acetolactate synthase (ALS) isozymes in Descurainia sophia L. from China. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 169:104653. [PMID: 32828371 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Descurainia sophia L. is one of the most notorious broadleaf weeds in winter wheat fields of China. In this study, 95 out of 163 (58.3%) D. sophia populations which were collected from provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Jiangsu, have evolved resistance to tribenuron-methyl. The als1 and als2 were cloned in all test D. sophia populations, while als3 and als4 were identified only in some of the populations. Resistant mutations of Pro-197-Ser/Thr/Leu/His/Ala/Arg, Asp-376-Glu and Trp-574-Leu were identified in tribenuron-methyl-resistant (TR) D. sophia plants, while the Pro-197-Arg was first identified in D. sophia in this study. These resistant mutations displayed no preference between ALS1 and ALS2. However, Pro-197-Ser/Thr and Trp-574-Leu were identified in all ALS isozymes, while the other mutations were not. In addition, some resistant mutations displayed regional differences, the frequency of Pro-197-Ser in Shandong and Trp-574-Leu in Shanxi province is much higher than that in other provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Mingqi Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Bourdineaud JP. Toxicity of the herbicides used on herbicide-tolerant crops, and societal consequences of their use in France. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:698-721. [PMID: 32543998 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1770781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In France, the implementation of mutant herbicide-tolerant crops and the use of the related herbicides - sulfonylureas and imidazolinones - have triggered a strong societal reaction illustrated by the intervening actions of environmentalist groups illegally mowing such crops. Trials are in progress, and therefore should be addressed the questions of the environmental risks and the toxicity of these herbicides for the animals and humans consuming the products derived from these plants. Regulatory authorities have allowed these mutant and herbicide-tolerant plants arguing that the herbicides against which they resist only target an enzyme found in 'weeds' (the acetolactate synthase, ALS), and that therefore all organisms lacking this enzyme would be endowed with immunity to these herbicides. The toxicological literature does not match with this argument: 1) Even in organisms displaying the enzyme ALS, these herbicides impact other molecular targets than ALS; 2) These herbicides are toxic for animals, organisms that do not possess the enzyme ALS, and especially invertebrates, amphibians and fish. In humans, epidemiological studies have shown that the use and handling of these toxins are associated with a significantly increased risk of colon and bladder cancers, and miscarriages. In agricultural soils, these herbicides have a persistence of up to several months, and water samples have concentrations of some of these herbicides above the limit value in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Bourdineaud
- Laboratory of Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,CRIIGEN, Paris, France
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11
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Ntoanidou S, Madesis P, Eleftherohorinos I. Resistance of Rapistrum rugosum to tribenuron and imazamox due to Trp574 or Pro197 substitution in the acetolactate synthase. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 154:1-6. [PMID: 30765051 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ten putative resistant and two susceptible Rapistrum rugosum populations originating from Greece were studied for resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, using dose-response assays, sequencing of als gene and in vitro ALS activity assays. The dose-response assays showed that one (P1) out of ten putative resistant populations was cross-resistant to tribenuron and imazamox, while another population (P4) was resistant to tribenuron only. All populations were susceptible to MCPA at the recommended rate. Gene sequencing of als revealed that the P4 population had a point mutation at Pro197 by His providing resistance to tribenuron, whereas the P1 had a Trp574 by Leu point mutation conferring cross-resistance to tribenuron and imazamox. The in vitro activity of the ALS enzyme indicated I50 values (tribenuron concentration required for 50% reduction of the ALS activity) ranging from 66.68 to 137.01 μM, whereas the respective value for the S populations ranged from 0.29 to 0.54 μM. These results strongly support that two R. rugosum populations evolved resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides due different point mutations in the als gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ntoanidou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Agriculture, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Madesis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences-CERTH, 6th Km. Charilaou-Thermi Road, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Eleftherohorinos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Agriculture, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Ntoanidou S, Madesis P, Diamantidis G, Eleftherohorinos I. Trp574 substitution in the acetolactate synthase of Sinapis arvensis confers cross-resistance to tribenuron and imazamox. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 142:9-14. [PMID: 29107252 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rate-response experiments with nine putative resistant wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) populations from Greece showed cross-resistance to tribenuron and imazamox. The calculated GR50 values [herbicide rate (gaiha-1) required for 50% reduction of fresh weight] of the nine resistant (R) populations ranged from 51.8 to 555.6gaitribenuronha-1 and from 66.3 to 900.4gaiimazamoxha-1. Regarding the susceptible population, GR50 value was not estimated for tribenuron as its lower treatment reduced fresh weight by >95%, whereas the respective value for imazamox was 0.5gaiha-1. Gene sequencing of als revealed that a point mutation at Trp574 position, leading to amino acid substitution by Leu in the ALS enzyme was present and the likely cause of resistance. The in vitro activity of the ALS enzyme indicated I50 values (herbicide concentration required for 50% reduction of the ALS activity) ranging from 19.11 to 217.45μM for tribenuron, whereas the respective value for the S population was 1.17μM. All populations were susceptible to MCPA at the recommended rate. These results strongly support that cross-resistance of 9 S. arvensis populations was due a point mutation of the als gene, which resulted in a less sensitive ALS enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ntoanidou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Agriculture, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Madesis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences-CERTH, 6th Km. Charilaou-Thermi Road, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Diamantidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Agriculture, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Eleftherohorinos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Agriculture, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Kuester A, Chang SM, Baucom RS. The geographic mosaic of herbicide resistance evolution in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea: Evidence for resistance hotspots and low genetic differentiation across the landscape. Evol Appl 2015; 8:821-33. [PMID: 26366199 PMCID: PMC4561571 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong human-mediated selection via herbicide application in agroecosystems has repeatedly led to the evolution of resistance in weedy plants. Although resistance can occur among separate populations of a species across the landscape, the spatial scale of resistance in many weeds is often left unexamined. We assessed the potential that resistance to the herbicide glyphosate in the agricultural weed Ipomoea purpurea has evolved independently multiple times across its North American range. We examined both adaptive and neutral genetic variations in 44 populations of I. purpurea by pairing a replicated dose–response greenhouse experiment with SSR genotyping of experimental individuals. We uncovered a mosaic pattern of resistance across the landscape, with some populations exhibiting high-survival postherbicide and other populations showing high death. SSR genotyping revealed little evidence of isolation by distance and very little neutral genetic structure associated with geography. An approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analysis uncovered evidence for migration and admixture among populations before the widespread use of glyphosate rather than the very recent contemporary gene flow. The pattern of adaptive and neutral genetic variations indicates that resistance in this mixed-mating weed species appears to have evolved in independent hotspots rather than through transmission of resistance alleles across the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kuester
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 830 North University, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shu-Mei Chang
- Plant Biology Department, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Regina S Baucom
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 830 North University, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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