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Tian X, Hu L, Jia R, Cao S, Sun Y, Dong X, Wang Y. Streptomyces pratensis S10 Promotes Wheat Plant Growth and Induces Resistance in Wheat Seedlings against Fusarium graminearum. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:578. [PMID: 39194904 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum, a devastating fungal pathogen, causes great economic losses to crop yields worldwide. The present study investigated the potential of Streptomyces pratensis S10 to alleviate F. graminearum stress in wheat seedlings based on plant growth-promoting and resistance-inducing assays. The bioassays revealed that S10 exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting properties, including the production of siderophores, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACC), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Meanwhile, the pot experiment demonstrated that S10 improved wheat plant development, substantially enhancing wheat height, weight, root activity, and chlorophyll content. Consistently, genome mining identified abundant genes associated with plant growth promotion. S10 induced resistance against F. graminearum in wheat seedlings. The disease incidence and disease index reduced by nearly 52% and 65% in S10 pretreated wheat seedlings, respectively, compared with those infected with F. graminearum only in the non-contact inoculation assay. Moreover, S10 enhanced callose deposition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and induced the activities of CAT, SOD, POD, PAL, and PPO. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results indicated that S10 pretreatment increased the expression of SA- (PR1.1, PR2, PR5, and PAL1) and JA/ET-related genes (PR3, PR4a, PR9, and PDF1.2) in wheat seedlings upon F. graminearum infection. In summary, S. pratensis S10 could be an integrated biological agent and biofertilizer in wheat seedling blight management and plant productivity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Tian
- College of Bioengineering, Yangling Vocation & Technical College, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Ruimin Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shang Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaomin Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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Li Y, Dai T, Tang Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Huang Z, Li F, Lu L, Miao J, Liu X. Inhibitory activity to Fusarium spp. and control potential for wheat Fusarium crown rot of a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor cyclobutrifluram. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2001-2010. [PMID: 38096203 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a serious problem primarily caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, a pathogenic agent known to produce mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON). Cyclobutrifluram, a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor devised by Syngenta, has immense potential to control both nematodes and Fusarium diseases. However, its efficacy in combating Fusarium species, its ability to prevent and reverse the detrimental effects of FCR, and its impact on the production of DON by F. pseudograminearum are yet to be fully ascertained. RESULTS Cyclobutrifluram exhibited substantial inhibitory activity against Fusarium species, with half-maximal effective concentration values ranging from 0.0021-0.0647 μg mL-1 . It demonstrated significant inhibitory activity toward three developmental stages of F. pseudograminearum, F. graminearum and F. asiaticum. Furthermore, cyclobutrifluram showed both protective and curative activities against FCR and was rapidly absorbed by roots and transported to wheat stems and leaves. Cyclobutrifluram could also decrease DON production by F. pseudograminearum. CONCLUSION This investigation has revealed the potential of cyclobutrifluram as a formidable candidate fungicide, particularly in its ability to effectively combat FCR and other Fusarium-related ailments. This novel compound has exceptional pathogen-fighting capabilities, coupled with remarkable systemic translocation properties and a notable ability to reduce the production of DON. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tan Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yidong Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhongqiao Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Li
- Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Kgosiemang JL, Ramakuwela T, Figlan S, Cochrane N. Antifungal Effect of Metabolites from Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:148. [PMID: 38392820 PMCID: PMC10890388 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal diseases such as Fusarium head blight (FHB) are significant biotic stressors, negatively affecting wheat production and quality. This study explored the antifungal activity of the metabolites produced by the bacterial symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against FHB-causing Fusarium sp. Fusarium graminearum. To achieve this, the symbiotic bacteria of nine EPN isolates from the EPN collection at the Agricultural Research Council-Small Grains (ARC-SG) were isolated from the cadavers of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae after infection with EPNs. Broth cultures (crude) and their supernatants (filtered and autoclaved) of each bacterial isolate were used as bacterial metabolite treatments to test their inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth and spore germination of F. graminearum. Mycelial growth inhibition rates varied among both bacterial isolates and treatments. Crude metabolite treatments proved to be more effective than filtered and autoclaved metabolite treatments, with an overall inhibition rate of 75.25% compared to 23.93% and 13.32%, respectively. From the crude metabolite treatments, the Xenorhabdus khoisanae SGI 197 bacterial isolate from Steinernema beitlechemi SGI 197 had the highest mean inhibition rate of 96.25%, followed by Photorhabdus luminescens SGI 170 bacteria isolated from Heterorhabditis bacteriophora SGI 170 with a 95.79% mean inhibition rate. The filtered metabolite treatments of all bacterial isolates were tested for their inhibitory activity against Fusarium graminearum spore germination. Mean spore germination inhibition rates from Xenorhabdus spp. bacterial isolates were higher (83.91 to 96.29%) than those from Photorhabdus spp. (6.05 to 14.74%). The results obtained from this study suggest that EPN symbiotic bacterial metabolites have potential use as biological control agents of FHB. Although field efficacy against FHB was not studied, the significant inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination suggest that the application of these metabolites at the flowering stage may provide protection to plants against infection with or spread of F. graminearum. These metabolites have the potential to be employed as part of integrated pest management (IPM) to inhibit/delay conidia germination until the anthesis (flowering stage) of wheat seedlings has passed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Leumo Kgosiemang
- Agricultural Research Council-Small Grains, Bethlehem 9701, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida 1710, South Africa
| | - Tshimangadzo Ramakuwela
- Agricultural Research Council-Small Grains, Bethlehem 9701, South Africa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Sandiswa Figlan
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida 1710, South Africa
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Miao J, Li Y, Hu S, Li G, Gao X, Dai T, Liu X. Resistance risk, resistance mechanism and the effect on DON production of a new SDHI fungicide cyclobutrifluram in Fusarium graminearum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105795. [PMID: 38458689 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight in wheat is caused by Fusarium graminearum, resulting in significant yield losses and grain contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON), which poses a potential threat to animal health. Cyclobutrifluram, a newly developed succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, has shown excellent inhibition of Fusarium spp. However, the resistance risk of F. graminearum to cyclobutrifluram and the molecular mechanism of resistance have not been determined. In this study, we established the average EC50 of a range of F. graminearum isolates to cyclobutrifluram to be 0.0110 μg/mL. Six cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants were obtained using fungicide adaptation. All mutants exhibited impaired fitness relative to their parental isolates. This was evident from measurements of mycelial growth, conidiation, conidial germination, virulence, and DON production. Interestingly, cyclobutrifluram did not seem to affect the DON production of either the sensitive isolates or the resistant mutants. Furthermore, a positive cross-resistance was observed between cyclobutrifluram and pydiflumetofen. These findings suggest that F. graminearum carries a moderate to high risk of developing resistance to cyclobutrifluram. Additionally, point mutations H248Y in FgSdhB and A73V in FgSdhC1 of F. graminearum were observed in the cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants. Finally, an overexpression transformation assay and molecular docking indicated that FgSdhBH248Y or FgSdhC1A73V could confer resistance of F. graminearum to cyclobutrifluram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tan Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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Shen S, Yu F, Hao X, Chen J, Gao H, Lai X. A novel Bacillus sp. with antagonistic activity against a plant pathogen, Fusarium graminearum, and its potential antagonistic mechanism. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:ovad098. [PMID: 37656884 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a wheat disease caused by the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum, which leads to crop yield losses and agricultural economic losses, as well as poses a threat to the environment and human health. Effective biocontrol of F. graminearum is urgent. An antagonistic strain HZ-5 with 59.2% antagonistic activity against F. graminearum in vitro had been isolated from sea mud of Haizhou Bay using a dual-culture assay, which was highly homologous with Bacillus halosaccharovorans according to the 16S rRNA sequence. The antagonistic activity of HZ-5 had been further studied. HZ-5 had a broad range of antagonistic activity against another six plant pathogenic fungi and was effective in controlling FHB of wheat in pot experiment. The substances with antagonistic activity were temperature insensitive, and had been purified by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) to prove to be secreted lipopeptides. The antagonistic substances induced the biosynthesis of chitin and glycerol, while ergosterol , cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine reduced their inhibitory effects on F. graminearum. These data would be helpful to provide a better biocontrol strain against FHB, and to provide important basis to elucidate the antagonistic mechanism of biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanrui Shen
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifan Yu
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Hao
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofang Lai
- Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment of Jiangsu Province /School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- Marine Resource Development Institute of Jiangsu (Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
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Hu L, Guo C, Chen J, Jia R, Sun Y, Cao S, Xiang P, Wang Y. Venturicidin A Is a Potential Fungicide for Controlling Fusarium Head Blight by Affecting Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis, Toxisome Formation, and Mitochondrial Structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12440-12451. [PMID: 37566096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum, which causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals, is one of the most devastating fungal diseases by causing great yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. A major bioactive ingredient, venturicidin A (VentA), was isolated from Streptomyces pratensis S10 mycelial extract with an activity-guided approach. No report is available on antifungal activity of VentA against F. graminearum and effects on deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis. Here, VentA showed a high antagonistic activity toward F. graminearum with an EC50 value of 3.69 μg/mL. As observed by scanning electron microscopy, after exposure to VentA, F. graminearum conidia and mycelia appeared abnormal. Different dyes staining revealed that VentA increased cell membrane permeability. In growth chamber and field trials, VentA effectively reduced disease severity of FHB. Moreover, VentA inhibited DON biosynthesis by reducing pyruvic acid, acetyl-CoA production, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and then inhibiting trichothecene (TRI) genes expression and toxisome formation. These results suggest that VentA is a potential fungicide for controlling FHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruimin Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, NWAFU Purdue Joint Research Center, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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Yang X, Shu Y, Cao S, Sun H, Zhang X, Zhang A, Li Y, Ma D, Chen H, Li W. Trehalase Inhibitor Validamycin May Have Additional Mechanisms of Toxicology against Rhizoctonia cerealis. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:846. [PMID: 37623617 PMCID: PMC10455246 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharp eyespot is a crucial disease affecting cereal plants, such as bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), and is primarily caused by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis. As disease severity has increased, it has become imperative to find an effective and reasonable control strategy. One such strategy is the use of the trehalose analog, validamycin, which has been shown to have a potent inhibitory effect on several trehalases found in both insects and fungi, and is widely used as a fungicide in agriculture. In this study, we demonstrated that 0.5 μg/mL validamycin on PDA plates had an inhibitory effect on R. cerealis strain R0301, but had no significant impact on Fusarium graminearum strain PH-1. Except for its inhibiting the trehalase activity of pathogenic fungi, little is known about its mechanism of action. Six trehalase genes were identified in the genome of R. cerealis, including one neutral trehalase and five acidic trehalase genes. Enzyme activity assays indicated that treatment with 5 μg/mL validamycin significantly reduces trehalase activity, providing evidence that validamycin treatment does indeed affect trehalase, even though the expression levels of most trehalase genes, except Rc17406, were not obviously affected. Transcriptome analysis revealed that treatment with validamycin downregulated genes involved in metabolic processes, ribosome biogenesis, and pathogenicity in the R. cerealis. KEGG pathway analysis further showed that validamycin affected genes related to the MAPK signaling pathway, with a significant decrease in ribosome synthesis and assembly. In conclusion, our results indicated that validamycin not only inhibits trehalose activity, but also affects the ribosome synthesis and MAPK pathways of R. cerealis, leading to the suppression of fungal growth and pesticidal effects. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism of action of validamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shulin Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Aixiang Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Huaigu Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Zhang L, Zhou X, Li P, Wang Y, Hu Q, Shang Y, Chen Y, Zhu X, Feng H, Zhang C. Transcriptome Profile of Fusarium graminearum Treated by Putrescine. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010060. [PMID: 36675881 PMCID: PMC9865016 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) is the main pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat, barley, and corn. Deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by F. graminearum, is the most prevalent toxin associated with FHB. The wheat defense compound putrescine can promote DON production during F. graminearum infection. However, the underlying mechanisms of putrescine-induced DON synthesis are not well-studied. To investigate the effect of putrescine on the global transcriptional regulation of F. graminearum, we treated F. graminearum with putrescine and performed RNA deep sequencing. We found that putrescine can largely affect the transcriptome of F. graminearum. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that having a large amount of DEGs was associated with ribosome biogenesis, carboxylic acid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and amino acid metabolism pathways. Co-expression analysis showed that 327 genes had similar expression patterns to FgTRI genes and were assigned to the same module. In addition, three transcription factor genes were identified as hub genes in this module, indicating that they may play important roles in DON synthesis. These results provide important clues for further analysis of the molecular mechanisms of putrescine-induced DON synthesis and will facilitate the study of the pathogenic mechanisms of FHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xishi Zhou
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Pengfeng Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- College of Data Science, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Qianyong Hu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yuping Shang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yunshen Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiying Zhu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cuijun Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (C.Z.)
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Zhao F, Yuan Z, Wen W, Huang Z, Mao X, Zhou M, Hou Y. FgMet3 and FgMet14 related to cysteine and methionine biosynthesis regulate vegetative growth, sexual reproduction, pathogenicity, and sensitivity to fungicides in Fusarium graminearum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1011709. [PMID: 36352883 PMCID: PMC9638117 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1011709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a destructive filamentous fungus, which widely exists in wheat and other cereal crops. Cysteine and Methionine are unique sulfur-containing amino acids that play an essential role in protein synthesis and cell life, but their functions and regulation in F. graminearum remain largely unknown. Here we identified two proteins, FgMet3 and FgMet14 in F. graminearum, which are related to the synthesis of cysteine and methionine. We found FgMet3 and FgMet14 were localized to the cytoplasm and there was an interaction between them. FgMet3 or FgMet14 deletion mutants (ΔFgMet3 and ΔFgMet14) were deficient in vegetative growth, pigment formation, sexual development, penetrability and pathogenicity. With exogenous addition of cysteine and methionine, the vegetative growth and penetrability could be completely restored in ΔFgMet3 and ΔFgMet14, while sexual reproduction could be fully restored in ΔFgMet3 and partially restored in ΔFgMet14. ΔFgMet3 and ΔFgMet14 exhibited decreased sensitivity to Congo red stress and increased sensitivity to SDS, NaCl, KCl, Sorbitol, Menadione, and Zn ion stresses. Moreover, FgMet3 and FgMet14 nonspecifically regulate the sensitivity of F. graminearum to fungicides. In conclusion, FgMet3 and FgMet14 interacted to jointly regulate the development, pathogenicity, pigment formation, sensitivity to fungicides and stress factors in F. graminearum.
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10
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Mode of action of nanochitin whisker against Fusarium pseudograminearum. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:356-366. [PMID: 35839953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanochitin whisker (NC) is an advanced nanobiomaterial with novel physicochemical and biological properties. Fusarium pseudograminearum (Fpg) is an important pathogenic fungus causing wheat crown rot disease. This study explored the mode of action of NC against Fpg as a target microorganism. The effects of different treatments and concentrations of NC on the fungal growth and conidial germination were investigated by in vitro bioassay. The impacts of NC on cell structure integrity, membrane permeability, pathogenesis related key enzymes activity, and the mycotoxin production were examined by electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, conductometry, and spectrophotometry, respectively. The results showed that NC significantly reduced hyphal growth, and the spore germination rate of Fpg declined by 33.0 % and 23.2 % when Fpg was treated with 30 and 300 μg/mL of NC, respectively. NC vigorously influenced structural stability of cell wall by destroying dextran structure, and strongly stimulated ergosterol production altering membrane integrity of the fungus. It reduced the activities of enzymes related to energy-supply like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase remarkably. The production of fungal mycotoxin deoxynivalenol was also decreased by NC. These findings provide an important basis for fully understanding the mechanism of nanobiomaterial in plant fungal disease control.
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11
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Effect of Compactin on the Mycotoxin Production and Expression of Related Biosynthetic and Regulatory Genes in Toxigenic Fusarium culmorum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071347. [PMID: 35889066 PMCID: PMC9318162 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium fungi. They contaminate agricultural products and negatively influence human and animal health, thus representing a serious problem of the agricultural industry. Earlier we showed that compactin, a secondary metabolite of Penicillium citrinum, is able to completely suppress the aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis by Aspergillus flavus. Using the F. culmorum strain FC-19 able to produce DON and ZEN, we demonstrated that compactin also significantly suppressed both DON (99.3%) and ZEN (100%) biosynthesis. The possible mechanisms of this suppression were elucidated by qPCR-based analysis of expression levels of 48 biosynthetic and regulatory genes. Expression of eight of 13 TRI genes, including TRI4, TRI5, and TRI101, was completely suppressed. A significant down-regulation was revealed for the TRI10, TRI9, and TRI14 genes. TRI15 was the only up-regulated gene from the TRI cluster. In the case of the ZEN cluster, almost complete suppression was observed for PKS4, PKS13, and ZEB1 genes, and the balance between two ZEB2 isoforms was altered. Among regulatory genes, an increased expression of GPA1 and GPA2 genes encoding α- and β-subunits of a G-protein was shown, whereas eight genes were down-regulated. The obtained results suggest that the main pathway for a compactin-related inhibition of the DON and ZEN biosynthesis affects the transcription of genes involved in the G-protein-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. The revealed gene expression data may provide a better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying mycotoxin production and its regulation.
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12
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Abbas A, Yli-Mattila T. Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum, a Causal Agent of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat, and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation: From In Vitro to In Planta. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:299. [PMID: 35622546 PMCID: PMC9143666 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop diseases caused by Fusarium graminearum threaten crop production in both commercial and smallholder farming. F. graminearum produces deoxynivalenol mycotoxin, which is stable during food and feed processing. Therefore, the best way to prevent the sporulation of pathogens is to develop new prevention strategies. Plant-based pesticides, i.e., natural fungicides, have recently gained interest in crop protection as alternatives to synthetic fungicides. Herein we show that treatment with the methanolic extract of medicinal plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum (M20 extract), decreased F. graminearum growth and abrogated DON production. The F. graminearum DNA levels were monitored by a quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR, while DON accumulation was assessed by HPLC quantification. This M20 extract was mainly composed of four flavonoids: quercetin, epicatechin, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, and hyperoside. The in vitro bioassay, which measured the percent inhibition of fungal growth, showed that co-inoculation of four F. graminearum strains with the M20 extract inhibited the fungal growth up to 48.5%. After biocontrol treatments, F. graminearum DNA level was reduced up to 85.5% compared to that of wheat heads, which received F. graminearum mixture only. Moreover, DON production was decreased in wheat heads by 73% after biocontrol treatment; meanwhile in wheat heads inoculated with F. graminearum conidia, an average of 2.263 ± 0.8 mg/kg DON was detected. Overall, this study is a successful case from in vitro research to in planta, giving useful information for wheat protection against F. graminearum responsible for Fusarium Head Blight and DON accumulation in grains. Further studies are needed to study the mechanism by which M20 extract inhibited the DON production and what changes happened to the DON biosynthetic pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tapani Yli-Mattila
- Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
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13
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Wu L, Yuan Z, Wang P, Mao X, Zhou M, Hou Y. The plasma membrane H + -ATPase FgPMA1 regulates the development, pathogenicity, and phenamacril sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum by interacting with FgMyo-5 and FgBmh2. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:489-502. [PMID: 34921490 PMCID: PMC8916210 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum, as the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), not only causes yield loss, but also contaminates the quality of wheat by producing mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON). The plasma membrane H+ -ATPases play important roles in many growth stages in plants and yeasts, but their functions and regulation in phytopathogenic fungi remain largely unknown. Here we characterized two plasma membrane H+ -ATPases: FgPMA1 and FgPMA2 in F. graminearum. The FgPMA1 deletion mutant (∆FgPMA1), but not FgPMA2 deletion mutant (∆FgPMA2), was impaired in vegetative growth, pathogenicity, and sexual and asexual development. FgPMA1 was localized to the plasma membrane, and ∆FgPMA1 displayed reduced integrity of plasma membrane. ∆FgPMA1 not only impaired the formation of the toxisome, which is a compartment where DON is produced, but also suppressed the expression level of DON biosynthetic enzymes, decreased DON production, and decreased the amount of mycelial invasion, leading to impaired pathogenicity by exclusively developing disease on inoculation sites of wheat ears and coleoptiles. ∆FgPMA1 exhibited decreased sensitivity to some osmotic stresses, a cell wall-damaging agent (Congo red), a cell membrane-damaging agent (sodium dodecyl sulphate), and heat shock stress. FgMyo-5 is the target of phenamacril used for controlling FHB. We found FgPMA1 interacted with FgMyo-5, and ∆FgPMA1 showed an increased expression level of FgMyo-5, resulting in increased sensitivity to phenamacril, but not to other fungicides. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation confirmed that FgPMA1, FgMyo-5, and FgBmh2 (a 14-3-3 protein) form a complex to regulate the sensitivity to phenamacril and biological functions. Collectively, this study identified a novel regulating mechanism of FgPMA1 in pathogenicity and phenamacril sensitivity of F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoyu Wu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhili Yuan
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Pengwei Wang
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuewei Mao
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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14
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Yao Y, Kan W, Su P, Zhu Y, Zhong W, Xi J, Wang D, Tang C, Wu L. Hydrogen sulphide alleviates Fusarium Head Blight in wheat seedlings. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13078. [PMID: 35282284 PMCID: PMC8908893 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), a crucial gas signal molecule, has been reported to be involved in various processes related to development and adversity responses in plants. However, the effects and regulatory mechanism of H2S in controlling Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat have not been clarified. In this study, we first reported that H2S released by low concentrations of sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS) could significantly alleviate the FHB symptoms caused by Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) in wheat. We also used coleoptile inoculation to investigate the related physiological and molecular mechanism. The results revealed that FHB resistance was strongly enhanced by the H2S released by NaHS, and 0.3 mM was confirmed as the optimal concentration. H2S treatment dramatically reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) while enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, the relative expressions levels of defence-related genes, including PR1.1, PR2, PR3, and PR4, were all dramatically upregulated. Our results also showed that H2S was toxic to F. graminearum by inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination. Taken together, the findings demonstrated the potential value of H2S in mitigating the adverse effects induced by F. graminearum and advanced the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yao
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjie Kan
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Pengfei Su
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenling Zhong
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jinfeng Xi
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dacheng Wang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Caiguo Tang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China,Zhongke Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, China
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15
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Zhao H, Tao X, Song W, Xu H, Li M, Cai Y, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. Mechanism of Fusarium graminearum Resistance to Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors: G443S Substitution of the Drug Target FgCYP51A. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1788-1798. [PMID: 35129347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, is a devastating fungal disease resulting in substantial yield and quality losses. Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) are the most popular chemicals for controlling FHB. Recently, the resistance of F. graminearum to EBIs has emerged in the field, and an amino acid substitution (G443S) of the sterol 14α-demethylase FgCYP51A was detected in the field resistant strains. To further illustrate the resistance mechanism of F. graminearum to EBIs, site-directed mutants conferring the G443S substitution of FgCYP51A were generated from the progenitor strain PH-1 via genetic transformation with site-directed mutagenesis. We found that the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution significantly decreased the sensitivity of F. graminearum to EBIs with EC50 values ranging from 0.1190 to 0.2302 μg mL-1 and EC90 values ranging from 1.3420 to 9.1119 μg mL-1 for tebuconazole. Furthermore, the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution decreased sexual reproduction and virulence, which will reduce the initial infection source of pathogen populations in the field, while the increase of sporulation capability may enhance the frequencies of the disease cycle, thereby contributing to epidemics of FHB disease. Surprisingly, the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution accelerated DON biosynthesis by upregulating TRI5 expression and enhancing the fluorescence intensity of TRI1-GFP, the marker protein of Fusarium toxisomes. Thus, we concluded that the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution regulates EBI-fungicide resistance and DON biosynthesis, increasing the risk of fungicide resistance development in the field, thereby threatening the control efficacy of EBIs against FHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xian Tao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wen Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haorong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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16
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Wang LQ, Wu KT, Yang P, Hou F, Rajput SA, Qi DS, Wang S. Transcriptomics Reveals the Effect of Thymol on the Growth and Toxin Production of Fusarium graminearum. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:142. [PMID: 35202169 PMCID: PMC8877954 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a harmful pathogen causing head blight in cereals such as wheat and barley, and thymol has been proven to inhibit the growth of many pathogens. This study aims to explore the fungistatic effect of thymol on F. graminearum and its mechanism. Different concentrations of thymol were used to treat F. graminearum. The results showed that the EC50 concentration of thymol against F. graminearum was 40 μg/mL. Compared with the control group, 40 μg/mL of thymol reduced the production of Deoxynivalenol (DON) and 3-Ac-DON by 70.1% and 78.2%, respectively. Our results indicate that thymol can effectively inhibit the growth and toxin production of F. graminearum and cause an extensive transcriptome response. Transcriptome identified 16,727 non-redundant unigenes and 1653 unigenes that COG did not annotate. The correlation coefficients between samples were all >0.941. When FC was 2.0 times, a total of 3230 differential unigenes were identified, of which 1223 were up-regulated, and 2007 were down-regulated. Through the transcriptome, we confirmed that the expression of many genes involved in F. graminearum growth and synthesis of DON and other secondary metabolites were also changed. The gluconeogenesis/glycolysis pathway may be a potential and important way for thymol to affect the growth of F. graminearum hyphae and the production of DON simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Qun Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.-Q.W.); (K.-T.W.); (P.Y.)
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Aral 843300, China;
| | - Kun-Tan Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.-Q.W.); (K.-T.W.); (P.Y.)
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.-Q.W.); (K.-T.W.); (P.Y.)
| | - Fang Hou
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Aral 843300, China;
| | - Shahid Ali Rajput
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - De-Sheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.-Q.W.); (K.-T.W.); (P.Y.)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.-Q.W.); (K.-T.W.); (P.Y.)
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17
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Ren L, Hou YP, Zhu YY, Zhao FF, Duan YB, Wu LY, Duan XX, Zhang J, Zhou MG. Validamycin A Enhances the Interaction Between Neutral Trehalase and 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 in Fusarium graminearum. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:290-298. [PMID: 34156266 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-21-0214-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In agriculture, Trehalase is considered the main target of the biological fungicide validamycin A, and the toxicology mechanism of validamycin A is unknown. 14-3-3 proteins, highly conserved proteins, participate in diverse cellular processes, including enzyme activation, protein localization, and acting as a molecular chaperone. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the 14-3-3 protein Bmh1could interact with Nth1 to respond to specific external stimuli. Here, we characterized FgNth, FgBmh1, and FgBmh2 in Fusarium graminearum. ΔFgNth, ΔFgBmh1, and ΔFgBmh2 displayed great growth defects and their peripheral tips hyphae generated more branches when compared with wild-type (WT) PH-1. When exposed to validamycin A as well as high osmotic and high temperature stresses, ΔFgNth, ΔFgBmh1, and ΔFgBmh2 showed more tolerance than WT. Both ΔFgNth and ΔFgBmh1 displayed reduced deoxynivalenol production but opposite for ΔFgBmh2, and all three deletion mutants showed reduced virulence on wheat coleoptiles. In addition, coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments suggested that FgBmh1 and FgBmh2 both interact with FgNth, but no interaction was detected between FgBmh1 and FgBmh2 in our experiments. Further, validamycin A enhances the interaction between FgBmh1 and FgNth in a positive correlation under concentrations of 1 to 100 μg/ml. In addition, both high osmotic and high temperature stresses promote the interaction between FgBmh1 and FgNth. Co-IP assay also showed that neither FgBmh1 nor FgBmh2 could interact with FgPbs2, a MAPKK kinase in the high-osmolarity glycerol pathway. However, FgBmh2 but not FgBmh1 binds to the heat shock protein FgHsp70 in F. graminearum. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FgNth and FgBmh proteins are involved in growth and responses to external stresses and virulence; and validamycin enhanced the interaction between FgNth and FgBmh1in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yi-Ping Hou
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yuan-Ye Zhu
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhao
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ya-Bing Duan
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Luo-Yu Wu
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiao-Xin Duan
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ming-Guo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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18
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Taylor L, Gutierrez S, McCormick SP, Bakker MG, Proctor RH, Teresi J, Kurtzman B, Hao G, Vaughan MM. Use of the volatile trichodiene to reduce Fusarium head blight and trichothecene contamination in wheat. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:513-527. [PMID: 33528888 PMCID: PMC8867995 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is the primary cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB), one of the most economically important diseases of wheat worldwide. FHB reduces yield and contaminates grain with the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), which poses a risk to plant, human and animal health. The first committed step in trichothecene biosynthesis is formation of trichodiene (TD). The volatile nature of TD suggests that it could be a useful intra or interspecies signalling molecule, but little is known about the potential signalling role of TD during F. graminearum-wheat interactions. Previous work using a transgenic Trichoderma harzianum strain engineered to emit TD (Th + TRI5) indicated that TD can function as a signal that can modulate pathogen virulence and host plant resistance. Herein, we demonstrate that Th + TRI5 has enhanced biocontrol activity against F. graminearum and reduced DON contamination by 66% and 70% in a moderately resistant and a susceptible cultivar, respectively. While Th + TRI5 volatiles significantly influenced the expression of the pathogenesis-related 1 (PR1) gene, the effect was dependent on cultivar. Th + TRI5 volatiles strongly reduced DON production in F. graminearum plate cultures and downregulated the expression of TRI genes. Finally, we confirm that TD fumigation reduced DON accumulation in a detached wheat head assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Taylor
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Santiago Gutierrez
- Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of LeonCampus de Ponferrada, Avda. Astorga s/n 24400PonferradaSpain
| | - Susan P. McCormick
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Matthew G. Bakker
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
- Present address:
Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Manitoba45 Chancellor’s CircleWinnipegMBR3T 2N2Canada
| | - Robert H. Proctor
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Jennifer Teresi
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Ben Kurtzman
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Guixia Hao
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Martha M. Vaughan
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service1815 N University StPeoriaIL61604USA
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19
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Isolation and characterization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MQ01, a bifunctional biocontrol bacterium with antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum and biodegradation capacity of zearalenone. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Wang Y, Hou Y, Mao X, Liu F, Zhou M. Temperature-Responded Biological Fitness of Carbendazim-Resistance Fusarium graminearum Mutants Conferring the F167Y, E198K, and E198L Substitutions. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3522-3530. [PMID: 34010024 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0437-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of temperature on Fusarium graminearum infection can provide theoretical guidance for chemical control of Fusarium head blight (FHB). Here, we evaluated the effects of various temperatures on biological fitness development of wild-type sensitive strain 2021 and carbendazim-resistance mutants conferring β2-tubulin substitutions F167Y, E198K, and E198L. The results showed that mycelial growth and conidiation of four strains increased with the increase in temperature between 10 and 25°C. Conidia of F167Y displayed strong adaptability to low temperature. The virulence of the four strains was largely similar at the same temperature, showing an upward trend between 10 and 25°C. At 10°C, the hyphal growth of all strains was significantly inhibited, metabolism was slowed down, and the accumulation of secondary metabolites decreased. Subsequently, the production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its intermediates pyruvate and aurofusarin decreased at low temperature, and the expression of DON biosynthesis-related genes Tri5, FgPK, and AUR decreased accordingly. At the same temperature, the aurofusarin production of the strains F167Y and E198K was higher than that of strains 2021 and E198L. The contents of DON and pyruvic acid in carbendazim-resistance mutants were higher than those in the wild-type strain 2021. The sensitivity of four strains to different fungicides changed at various temperatures. The sensitivity to most fungicides increased with decreasing temperature. The carbendazim-resistance mutants showed positive cross-resistance with other benzimidazoles. However, there was no cross-resistance to pyraclostrobin and azoles. These results would direct us to use fungicides preventing the infection of F. graminearum with changeable atmospheric temperature at the wheat flower stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xuewei Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Fuyu Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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21
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Zhao X, Song P, Hou D, Li Z, Hu Z. Antifungal activity, identification and biosynthetic potential analysis of fungi against Rhizoctonia cerealis. ANN MICROBIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Wheat sheath blight mainly infected by Rhizoctonia cerealis is one of the soil-borne fungal diseases of wheat worldwide and prevalent in major wheat growing areas in China at present. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of 163 endophytic fungi on R. cerealis. Antifungal strains were identified and their biosynthetic potential was analysed.
Methods
The antifungal activity of the strains was evaluated via dual-culture antagonism assay. The antifungal strains were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing. The polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes in antifungal strains were detected via specific amplification of chromosomal DNA.
Result
Twelve out of 163 fungal strains, including seven strains with matrix competition and five strains with antibiosis, were obtained. The twelve antifungal strains belonged to four genera: Alternaria, Ascochyta, Botryosphaeria, and Talaromyces. The inhibition rate of the seven strains with matrix competition was greater than 50%, with that of Botryosphaeria dothidea S2-33 being the highest at 84.6%. The inhibition zone of Talaromyces assiutensis R-03 amongst the five strains with antibiosis was the widest at up to 7 mm. Among the twelve antifungal strains, the strain S2-16 contained all the genes tested, five B. dothidea strains contained PKS-II and NRPS genes, two Alternaria alternata strains only contained PKS-II gene and the remaining four strains did not contain any.
Conclusion
Results demonstrated twelve potential strains for the biocontrol of wheat sheath blight. In particular, T. assiutensis R-03 was determined as a promising agent. The active substances secreted by antifungal strains may be produced by other biosynthetic pathways.
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22
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Xu C, Chen H, Wu Q, Wu Y, Daly P, Chen J, Yang H, Wei L, Zhuang Y. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase inhibitor: N-(phenylthio) phthalimide, which can inhibit the DON biosynthesis of Fusarium graminearum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 178:104917. [PMID: 34446193 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight(FHB)caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) is one of the most important diseases around the world. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type of mycotoxin produced by FGSC when infecting cereal crops. It is a serious threat to the health of both humans and livestock. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), a conserved metabolic enzyme found in many plants and pathogens, catalyzes the formation of trehalose. N-(phenylthio) phthalimide (NPP) has been reported to inhibit the normal growth of nematodes by inhibiting the activity of TPP, but this inhibitor of nematodes has not previously been tested against F. graminearum. In this study, we found that TPP in F. graminearum (FgTPP) had similar secondary structures and conserved cysteine (Cys356) to nematodes by means of bioinformatics. At the same time, the sensitivity of F. graminearum strains to NPP was determined. NPP exhibited a better inhibitory effect on conidia germination than mycelial growth. In addition, the effects of NPP on DON biosynthesis and trehalose biosynthesis pathway in PH-1 were also determined. We found that NPP decreased DON production, trehalose content, glucose content and TPP enzyme activity but increased trehalose-6-phosphate content and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) enzyme activity. Moreover, the expression of TRI1, TRI4, TRI5, TRI6, and TPP genes were downregulated, on the contrary, the TPS gene was upregulated. Finally, in order to further determine the control ability of NPP on DON production in the field, we conducted a series of field experiments, and found that NPP could effectively reduce the DON content in wheat grain and had a general control effect on FHB. In conclusion, the research in this study will provide important theoretical basis for controlling FHB caused by F. graminearum and reducing DON production in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jurong 212400, China.
| | - Hongzhou Chen
- Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jurong 212400, China
| | - Qinyan Wu
- Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jurong 212400, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Paul Daly
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hongfu Yang
- Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jurong 212400, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yiqing Zhuang
- Testing Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China.
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García MD, Argüelles JC. Trehalase inhibition by validamycin A may be a promising target to design new fungicides and insecticides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3832-3835. [PMID: 33786994 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of insecticides and fungicides in agriculture has improved crop yields and, consequently, the quality of life for many people, especially in what is widely considered as the 'first world'. However, the indiscriminate use of dangerous chemical insecticides has led to pest resistance, human and animal poisoning and environmental pollution. Biochemical and genetic evidence concludes that the non-reducing disaccharide trehalose plays an essential role in the pathobiology of many insects and fungi. Both organisms share identical pathway for trehalose biosynthesis (the TPS/TPP pathway), while a high degree of homology in their trehalose hydrolysis capacity (trehalase activities) has also been demonstrated. In the search for new, effective and environmentally sustainable compounds, a set of trehalase inhibitors has emerged as a potentially interesting antifungal and insecticidal target. In particular, the trehalose analogue, Validamycin A, which has a strong inhibitory effect on several trehalases, has been successfully introduced for the treatment of various diseases caused by insects and fungi. Herein, we review the main features of the specific interaction between Validamycin A and trehalase as well as the expected advantages of the applications based on trehalase inhibition as insecticides and fungicides. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Bian C, Duan Y, Xiu Q, Wang J, Tao X, Zhou M. Mechanism of validamycin A inhibiting DON biosynthesis and synergizing with DMI fungicides against Fusarium graminearum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:769-785. [PMID: 33934484 PMCID: PMC8232029 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a vital virulence factor of Fusarium graminearum, which causes Fusarium head blight (FHB). We recently found that validamycin A (VMA), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can be used to control FHB and inhibit DON contamination, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we found that both neutral and acid trehalase (FgNTH and FgATH) are the targets of VMA in F. graminearum, and the deficiency of FgNTH and FgATH reduces the sensitivity to VMA by 2.12- and 1.79-fold, respectively, indicating that FgNTH is the main target of VMA. We found FgNTH is responsible for vegetative growth, FgATH is critical to sexual reproduction, and both of them play an important role in conidiation and virulence in F. graminearum. We found that FgNTH resided in the cytoplasm, affected the localization of FgATH, and positively regulated DON biosynthesis; however, FgATH resided in vacuole and negatively regulated DON biosynthesis. FgNTH interacted with FgPK (pyruvate kinase), a key enzyme in glycolysis, and the interaction was reduced by VMA; the deficiency of FgNTH affected the localization of FgPK under DON induction condition. Strains with a deficiency of FgNTH were more sensitive to demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. FgNTH regulated the expression level of FgCYP51A and FgCYP51B by interacting with FgCYP51B. Taken together, VMA inhibits DON biosynthesis by targeting FgNTH and reducing the interaction between FgNTH and FgPK, and synergizes with DMI fungicides against F. graminearum by decreasing FgCYP51A and FgCYP51B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jueyu Wang
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xian Tao
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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25
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Hu D, Lee SMY, Li K, Mok KM. Secondary Metabolite Production Potential of Mangrove-Derived Streptomyces olivaceus. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:332. [PMID: 34201365 PMCID: PMC8228178 DOI: 10.3390/md19060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mangroves are intertidal extreme environments with rich microbial communities. Actinobacteria are well known for producing antibiotics. The search for biosynthetic potential of Actinobacteria from mangrove environments could provide more possibilities for useful secondary metabolites. In this study, whole genome sequencing and MS/MS analysis were used to explore the secondary metabolite production potential of one actinobacterial strain of Streptomyces olivaceus sp., isolated from a mangrove in Macau, China. The results showed that a total of 105 gene clusters were found in the genome of S. olivaceus sp., and 53 known secondary metabolites, including bioactive compounds, peptides, and other products, were predicted by genome mining. There were 28 secondary metabolites classified as antibiotics, which were not previously known from S. olivaceus. ISP medium 2 was then used to ferment the S. olivaceus sp. to determine which predicted secondary metabolite could be truly produced. The chemical analysis revealed that ectoine, melanin, and the antibiotic of validamycin A could be observed in the fermentation broth. This was the first observation that these three compounds can be produced by a strain of S. olivaceus. Therefore, it can be concluded that Actinobacteria isolated from the mangrove environment have unknown potential to produce bioactive secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dini Hu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China;
| | - Kai Li
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Kai Meng Mok
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao, China
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26
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Guo S, He F, Song B, Wu J. Future direction of agrochemical development for plant disease in China. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shengxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
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27
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Zhou Z, Zhang J, Lu F, Duan Y, Zhou M. Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase FgGPI, a β 2 Tubulin-Interacting Protein, Is Indispensable for Fungal Development and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:531-540. [PMID: 33544003 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-20-0279-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) is ubiquitous in most organisms, catalyzing the reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. In this study, we investigated biological and genetic functions of FgGPI in the phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum. We found that hyphal growth, conidial germination, and septa formation were significantly inhibited in FgGPI deletion mutant ∆FgGPI. FgGPI was also positively associated with glucose metabolism, ATP biosynthesis, and carbon source utilization. In addition, pyruvate production, deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis, and virulence were reduced in ∆FgGPI. A coimmunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that FgGPI interacts with Fgβ2. More importantly, the coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that carbendazim-resistant substitutions in β2 tubulin could reduce the interaction intensity between FgGPI and Fgβ2, thereby increasing FgGPI expression and accelerating DON biosynthesis in carbendazim-resistant strains. Taken together, our work revealed the indispensable role of FgGPI in fungal developmental processes, DON biosynthesis, and pathogenicity in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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28
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Zhou Z, Duan Y, Zhang J, Lu F, Zhu Y, Shim WB, Zhou M. Microtubule-assisted mechanism for toxisome assembly in Fusarium graminearum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:163-174. [PMID: 33201575 PMCID: PMC7814972 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In Fusarium graminearum, a trichothecene biosynthetic complex known as the toxisome forms ovoid and spherical structures in the remodelled endoplasmic reticulum (ER) under mycotoxin-inducing conditions. Previous studies also demonstrated that disruption of actin and tubulin results in a significant decrease in deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis in F. graminearum. However, the functional association between the toxisome and microtubule components has not been clearly defined. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the microtubule network provides key support for toxisome assembly and thus facilitates DON biosynthesis. Through fluorescent live cell imaging, knockout mutant generation, and protein-protein interaction assays, we determined that two of the four F. graminearum tubulins, α1 and β2 tubulins, are indispensable for DON production. We also showed that these two tubulins are directly associated. When the α1 -β2 tubulin heterodimer is disrupted, the metabolic activity of the toxisome is significantly suppressed, which leads to significant DON biosynthesis impairment. Similar phenotypic outcomes were shown when F. graminearum wild type was treated with carbendazim, a fungicide that binds to microtubules and disrupts spindle formation. Based on our results, we propose a model where α1 -β2 tubulin heterodimer serves as the scaffold for functional toxisome assembly in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuanye Zhu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Won Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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29
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Shi Y, Ye Z, Hu P, Wei D, Gao Q, Zhao Z, Xiao J, Liao M, Cao H. Removal of prothioconazole using screened microorganisms and identification of biodegradation products via UPLC-QqTOF-MS. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111203. [PMID: 32866888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of the prothioconazole by three strains of microorganisms isolated from activated sludge obtained from a pesticide factory was assessed, and an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqTOF-MS) method for the determination of prothioconazole and its metabolites was established. The optimal conditions for the degradation of prothioconazole were determined by single factor optimization experiments. A degradation rate of 93.32% is achieved when the prothioconazole is co-cultured with the strain W313 at a cultivation time of 60 h, a cultivation temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 6.33, a prothioconazole concentration of 50 mg L-1, a microorganism volume of 10%, and a dextrose volume of 4%. The three effective microorganism strains were identified by morphological and molecular biology to be Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. UPLC-QqTOF-MS analysis allowed the identification of 62 different prothioconazole degradation products produced by the strain cultures, with prothioconazole-desthio, prothioconazole-dechloropropyl, and oxidizing prothioconazole being the main products. In addition, degradation products from different strains and conditions were compared. The results of scatter plot (S-Plot) analysis indicated that C9H7NO, C10H17N7, and C12H13ClN2O were only detected in the products incubated with Enterobacter cloacae. Thus, this study demonstrates that Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses high potential for bioremediation of prothioconazole-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Hefei, 230036, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhuang Ye
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Quan Gao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
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30
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Bian C, Duan Y, Wang J, Xiu Q, Wang J, Hou Y, Song X, Zhou M. Validamycin A Induces Broad-Spectrum Resistance Involving Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid/Ethylene Signaling Pathways. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:1424-1437. [PMID: 32815479 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-20-0211-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Validamycin A (VMA) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control rice sheath blight. Although it has been reported that VMA can induce the plant defense responses, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were induced by VMA and were most intense with 10 μg of VMA per milliliter at 24 h. Moreover, we showed that VMA induced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves, indicating that VMA induces broad-spectrum disease resistance in both dicots and monocots. In addition, VMA-mediated resistance against P. syringae was not induced in NahG transgenic plants, was partially decreased in npr1 mutants, and VMA-mediated resistance to B. cinerea was not induced in npr1, jar1, and ein2 mutants. These results strongly indicated that VMA triggers plant defense responses to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens involved in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) signaling pathways and is dependent on NPR1. In addition, transcriptome analysis further revealed that VMA regulated the expression of genes involved in SA, JA/ET, abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin signal pathways. Taken together, VMA induces systemic resistance involving in SA and JA/ET signaling pathways and also exerts a positive influence on ABA and auxin signaling pathways. Our study highlights the creative application of VMA in triggering plant defense responses against plant pathogens, providing a valuable insight into applying VMA to enhance plant resistance and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jueyu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiushi Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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31
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Duan Y, Lu F, Zhou Z, Zhao H, Zhang J, Mao Y, Li M, Wang J, Zhou M. Quinone outside inhibitors affect DON biosynthesis, mitochondrial structure and toxisome formation in Fusarium graminearum. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122908. [PMID: 32512449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) are currently extensively used agricultural fungicides. However, the application of QoIs in controlling Fusarium graminearum was rarely reported. No information is available on pharmacological characteristics of QoIs against F. graminearum, as well as their effects on DON biosynthesis. Here, we found that six QoIs exhibited an excellent fungicidal activity against F. graminearum based on mycelial growth and spore germination. ATP production assay further confirmed that QoIs decreased ATP production via inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, which contributes their fungicidal activity. Unfortunately, QoIs can stimulate DON production and up-regulate the expression of Tri5 and Tri6 genes. Additionally, acetyl-CoA, the basic precursor of DON biosynthesis, significantly increased as affected by QoIs, furtherly indicating that QoIs indeed enhance DON biosynthesis. We also found that QoIs can accelerate the formation of toxisomes and enhance the fluorescence signals of Tri-GFP labeled toxisomes, which may be due to the effect of QoIs on toxisome-related endoplasmic reticulum-remodeling. In addition, QoIs could disrupt the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics, resulting in the fragmented mitochondria. Finally, the simulated inoculation assay with wheat grains further verified that QoIs can stimulate DON production relative to wheat grain weight, especially relative to mycelial biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zehua Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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A molecular docking simulation study on potent inhibitors against Rhizoctonia solani and Magnaporthe oryzae in rice: silver-tetrylene and bis-silver-tetrylene complexes vs. validamycin and tricyclazole pesticides. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Zhao B, Liu N, Chen L, Geng S, Fan Z, Xing J. Direct label-free methods for identification of target proteins in agrochemicals. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1475-1483. [PMID: 32763403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Green agrochemicals are important guarantee for food production and security, and target protein identification is the most important basis for development of novel agrochemicals. Affinity chromatography methods for immobilization of agrochemicals have been widely used to identify and confirm new targets. However, this method often requires modification of the active molecules which can affect or damage its biological activity, and biomacromolecules, particularly most natural products, are hard to be modified either. In order to overcome the shortcomings of molecular modification, label-free technology has been developed based on evaluating responses to thermal or proteolytic treatments. Combined with the chemical biology technology and molecular biology technology, it has been used in the development of drugs and agrochemicals. Herein, common methods of label-free technology for identification of direct target of agrochemicals are reviewed, including the principle, advantages, limitations and applications in the research of agrochemicals in the last decade. And the methods for validation of candidate targets obtained by the label-free methods are also reviewed, which are important to obtain the accurate and reliable targets. Combined application of these methods will greatly reduce the experimental costs and shorten the period for the new target identification and validation by improving its accuracy, which will provide a systematic solution for new ecological agrochemicals research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Lai Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shuo Geng
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Jihong Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
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Jin ZJ, Zhou L, Sun S, Cui Y, Song K, Zhang X, He YW. Identification of a Strong Quorum Sensing- and Thermo-Regulated Promoter for the Biosynthesis of a New Metabolite Pesticide Phenazine-1-carboxamide in Pseudomonas strain PA1201. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1802-1812. [PMID: 32584550 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) produced by multifarious Pseudomonas strains represents a promising candidate as a new metabolite pesticide due to its broad-spectrum antifungal activity and capacity to induce systemic resistance in plants. The rice rhizosphere Pseudomonas strain PA1201 contains two reiterated gene clusters, phz1 and phz2, for phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) biosynthesis; PCA is further converted into PCN by this strain using a functional phzH-encoding glutamine aminotransferase. However, PCN levels in PA1201 constitute approximately one-fifth of PCA levels and the optimal temperature for PCN synthesis is 28 °C. In this study, the phzH open reading frame (ORF) and promoter region were investigated and reannotated. phzH promoter PphzH was found to be a weak promoter, and PhzH levels were not sufficient to convert all of the native PCA into PCN. Following RNA Seq and promoter-lacZ fusion analyses, a strong quorum sensing (QS)- and thermo-regulated promoter PrhlI was identified and characterized. The activity of PphzH is approximately 1% of PrhlI in PA1201. After three rounds of promoter editing and swapping by PrhlI, a new PCN-overproducing strain UP46 was generated. The optimal fermentation temperature for PCN biosynthesis in UP46 was increased from 28 to 37 °C and the PCN fermentation titer increased 179.5-fold, reaching 14.1 g/L, the highest ever reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Zhiyuan Innovation Research Centre, Student Innovation Institute, Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, 250014, China
| | - Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ya-Wen He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Ibrahim E, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Hossain A, Qiu W, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wu W, Sun G, Li B. Green-Synthesization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Garlic and Its Antifungal Activity against Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Pathogen Fusarium Graminearum. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E219. [PMID: 32012732 PMCID: PMC7074875 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are expected to play a vital role in the management of future plant diseases, and they are expected to provide an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional synthetic fungicides. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were green synthesized through the mediation by using the endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas poae strain CO, which was isolated from garlic plants (Allium sativum). Following a confirmation analysis that used UV-Vis, we examined the in vitro antifungal activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs with the size of 19.8-44.9 nm, which showed strong inhibition in the mycelium growth, spore germination, the length of the germ tubes, and the mycotoxin production of the wheat Fusarium head blight pathogen Fusarium graminearum. Furthermore, the microscopic examination showed that the morphological of mycelia had deformities and collapsed when treated with AgNPs, causing DNA and proteins to leak outside cells. The biosynthesized AgNPs with strong antifungal activity were further characterized based on analyses of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, EDS profiles, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Overall, the results from this study clearly indicate that the biosynthesized AgNPs may have a great potential in protecting wheat from fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Vegetable Diseases Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza 12916, Egypt
| | - Muchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Afsana Hossain
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Wen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Wenge Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Guochang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (E.I.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (A.H.); (W.Q.); (Y.C.)
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36
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Zhou Z, Duan Y, Zhou M. Carbendazim-resistance associated β 2 -tubulin substitutions increase deoxynivalenol biosynthesis by reducing the interaction between β 2 -tubulin and IDH3 in Fusarium graminearum. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:598-614. [PMID: 31760682 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule is a well-known structural protein participating in cell division, motility and vesicle traffic. In this study, we found that β2 -tubulin, one of the microtubule components, plays an important role in regulating secondary metabolite deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum by interacting with isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit 3 (IDH3). We found IDH3 negatively regulate DON biosynthesis by reducing acetyl-CoA accumulation in F. graminearum and DON biosynthesis was stimulated by exogenous acetyl-CoA. In addition, the expression of IDH3 significantly decreased in the carbendazim-resistant mutant nt167 (Fgβ2 F167Y ). Furthermore, we found that carbendazim-resistance associated β2 -tubulin substitutions reducing the interaction intensity between β2 -tubulin and IDH3. Interestingly, we demonstrated that β2 -tubulin inhibitor carbendazim can disrupt the interaction between β2 -tubulin and IDH3. The decreased interaction intensity between β2 -tubulin and IDH3 resulted in the decreased expression of IDH3, which can cause the accumulation of acetyl-CoA, precursor of DON biosynthesis in F. graminearum. Thus, we revealed that carbendazim-resistance associated β2 -tubulin substitutions or carbendazim treatment increases DON biosynthesis by reducing the interaction between β2 -tubulin and IDH3 in F. graminearum. Taken together, the novel findings give the new perspectives of β2 -tubulin in regulating secondary metabolism in phytopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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37
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Chen F, Ma R, Chen XL. Advances of Metabolomics in Fungal Pathogen-Plant Interactions. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9080169. [PMID: 31443304 PMCID: PMC6724083 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9080169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant disease caused by fungus is one of the major threats to global food security, and understanding fungus-plant interactions is important for plant disease control. Research devoted to revealing the mechanisms of fungal pathogen-plant interactions has been conducted using genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Metabolomics research based on mass spectrometric techniques is an important part of systems biology. In the past decade, the emerging field of metabolomics in plant pathogenic fungi has received wide attention. It not only provides a qualitative and quantitative approach for determining the pathogenesis of pathogenic fungi but also helps to elucidate the defense mechanisms of their host plants. This review focuses on the methods and progress of metabolomics research in fungal pathogen-plant interactions. In addition, the prospects and challenges of metabolomics research in plant pathogenic fungi and their hosts are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ruijing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- The Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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38
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Impact of Five Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors on DON Biosynthesis of Fusarium asiaticum, Causing Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050272. [PMID: 31096549 PMCID: PMC6563320 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a class of mycotoxin produced in cereal crops infected with Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC). In China, FGSC mainly includes Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum. DON belongs to the trichothecenes and poses a serious threat to the safety and health of humans and animals. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) are a class of fungicides that act on succinate dehydrogenase and inhibit the respiration of pathogenic fungi. In this study, the fungicidal activities of five SDHIs, including fluopyram, flutolanil, boscalid, benzovindiflupyr, and fluxapyroxad, against FGSC were determined based on mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition methods. The five SDHIs exhibited better inhibitory activities in spore germination than mycelial growth. Fluopyram exhibited a higher inhibitory effect in mycelial growth and spore germination in comparison to the other four SDHIs. In addition, the biological characteristics of F. asiaticum as affected by the five SDHIs were determined. We found that these five SDHIs decreased DON, pyruvic acid and acetyl-CoA production, isocitrate dehydrogenase mitochondrial (ICDHm) and SDH activities, and NADH and ATP content of F. asiaticum but increased the citric acid content. In addition, TRI5 gene expression was inhibited, and the formation of toxisomes was disrupted by the five SDHIs, further confirming that SDHIs can decrease DON biosynthesis of F. asiaticum. Thus, we concluded that SDHIs may decrease DON biosynthesis of F. asiaticum by inhibiting glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Overall, the findings from the study will provide important references for managing Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by FGSC and reducing DON contamination in F. asiaticum-infected wheat grains.
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Qiu J, Xu J, Shi J. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050248. [PMID: 31052282 PMCID: PMC6562770 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people's livelihoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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