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Linagliptin, a Selective Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Reduces Physical and Behavioral Effects of Morphine Withdrawal. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082478. [PMID: 35458676 PMCID: PMC9028142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Recent data indicate that receptors for GLP-1 peptide are involved in the activity of the mesolimbic system. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of the selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, linagliptin, on morphine dependence in mice. (2) Methods: Morphine dependence in mice was obtained by administration of increasing doses of morphine for eight consecutive days, twice a day. On the 9th day of the experiment, the naloxone-induced (2 mg/kg, ip) morphine withdrawal signs (jumping) were assessed. Moreover, behavioral effects of short-term (60 h after morphine discontinuation) and long-term (14 days after morphine discontinuation) morphine withdrawal were observed. In terms of behavioral effects, the depressive effect in the forced swim test and anxiety in the elevated plus maze test were investigated. Locomotor activity of mice was also studied. (3) Results: The administration of linagliptin (10 and 20 mg/kg, ip) for 8 consecutive days before morphine injections significantly diminished the number of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal signs (jumping) in mice. In addition, the cessation of morphine administration induced depressive behavior in mice which were observed during short- and long-term morphine withdrawal. Linagliptin administered during morphine withdrawal significantly reduced the depressive behavior in studied mice. Furthermore, the short-term morphine withdrawal evoked anxiety which also was reduced by linagliptin in mice. (4) Conclusions: The present study reveals that GLP-1 receptors are involved in morphine dependence. What is more, linagliptin might be a valuable drug in attenuating the physical symptoms of morphine dependence. It might be also a useful drug in reducing emotional disturbances which may develop during the morphine withdrawal period.
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Bai B, Li D, Xue G, Feng P, Wang M, Han Y, Wang Y, Hölscher C. The novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist DA3-CH is more effective than liraglutide in reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:333-343. [PMID: 33500109 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetes is one of the most important risk factors and comorbidities of ischemic stroke. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is considered to be the major injury mechanism of ischemic stroke with diabetes. Studies have found that incretin can inhibit ERS in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver and heart. We aimed to explore the effects of GLP-1/GIP double agonist DA3-CH and GLP-1 single agonist liraglutide on ERS and apoptosis in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS 72 Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: ① blank group (Sham group, n = 18); model group (Saline group, n = 18); DA3 treatment group (DA3 group, n = 18); liraglutide treatment group (Lir group, n = 18). The Sham group was not given any treatment and was only raised in the same environment as the other groups. The remaining 3 groups used STZ-induced diabetes models. After the successful membrane formation of diabetes, DA3-CH and liraglutide (10 mmol/kg, once-daily for 14 days) were injected intraperitoneally. Thereafter, rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24-h reperfusion. Animals were evaluated for neurologic deficit score, infarct volume, and biomarker analyses of the brain after ischemia. The DA3-CH-treated and liraglutide-treated groups showed significantly reduced scores of neurological dysfunction and cerebral infarction size, and reduced the expression of ERS markers GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12, and the expression of apoptosis marker bax. Anti-apoptotic markers bcl-2 and neuronal numbers increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS DA3-CH and liraglutide have obvious neuroprotective effects in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury with diabetes, which can reduce the infarct size and the neurological deficit score. Their exert neuroprotective effects in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury with diabetes by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and thereby reducing apoptosis. DA3 is better than liraglutide.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Incretins/pharmacology
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology
- Liraglutide/pharmacology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurons/pathology
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/agonists
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control
- Signal Transduction
- Streptozocin
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Bai
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China.
| | - Guofang Xue
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Peng Feng
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Meiqin Wang
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Yudi Han
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Second Hospital, Neurology Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi province, PR China; Research and Experimental Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan province, PR China
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Cao T, Chen Q, Zhang B, Wu X, Zeng C, Zhang S, Cai H. Clozapine Induced Disturbances in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism: The Potential Role of PGRMC1 Signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727371. [PMID: 34970218 PMCID: PMC8712644 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Newly emerging evidence has implicated that progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1) plays a novel role not only in the lipid disturbance induced by atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPD) but also in the deterioration of glucose homoeostasis induced by clozapine (CLZ) treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the role of PGRMC1 signaling on hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis in male rats following CLZ treatment (20 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks). Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAV) were constructed for the knockdown or overexpression of hepatic PGRMC1. Meanwhile, AG205, the specific inhibitor of PGRMC1 was also used for functional validation of PGRMC1. Hepatic protein expressions were measured by western blotting. Meanwhile, plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon, HbA1c and hepatic glycogen were also determined by assay kits. Additionally, concentrations of progesterone (PROG) in plasma, liver and adrenal gland were measured by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Our study demonstrated that CLZ promoted the process of gluconeogenesis and repressed glycogenesis, respectively mediated by PI3K-Akt-FOXO1 and GSK3β signaling via inhibition of PGRMC1-EGFR/GLP1R in rat liver, along with an increase in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels and a decrease in insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Furthermore, through PGRMC1-EGFR/GLP1R-PI3K-Akt pathway, knockdown or inhibition (by AG205) of PGRMC1 mimics, whereas its overexpression moderately alleviates CLZ-induced glucose disturbances. Potentially, the PGRMC1 target may be regarded as a novel therapeutic strategy for AAPD-induced hepatic glucose metabolism disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - BiKui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - XiangXin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - CuiRong Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - ShuangYang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - HuaLin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: HuaLin Cai,
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Amelioration of diet-induced metabolic syndrome and fatty liver with sitagliptin via regulation of adipose tissue inflammation and hepatic Adiponectin/AMPK levels in mice. Biochimie 2020; 168:198-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sitagliptin-Dependent Differences in the Intensity of Oxidative Stress in Rat Livers Subjected to Ischemia and Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2738605. [PMID: 31781329 PMCID: PMC6875175 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2738605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) is the main cause of liver damage after transplantation. We evaluated the effect of sitagliptin (STG) on oxidative stress parameters in the rat liver under IR. Methods Rats were treated with STG (5 mg/kg) (S and SIR) or saline solution (C and CIR). Livers from CIR and SIR were subjected to ischemia (60 min) and reperfusion (24 h). During reperfusion, aminotransferases (ALT and AST) were determined in blood samples. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the mRNA expression of SOD1 were determined in liver homogenates after reperfusion. Different regions of livers were also histologically evaluated. Results The PON1 activity was higher, and the TBARS level was lower in SIR than in CIR. There was an inverse relationship between TBARS and PON1 levels in the whole cohort. The GPx activity was lower in ischemic than in nonischemic groups regardless of the STG treatment. In SIR, the SOD1 activity was higher compared to that in CIR. In S, the expression of SOD1 mRNA was the highest of all examined groups and positively correlated with the SOD1 activity in the whole animal cohort. During IR aminotransferases, the activity in the drug-treated group was lower in all examined points of time. In drug-treated groups, the percentage of steatosis was higher than that in nontreated groups regardless of IR. Conclusions The protective effect of STG on the rat liver, especially its antioxidant properties, was revealed under IR conditions.
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Coskun ZM, Beydogan AB, Bolkent S. Changes in the expression levels of CB1 and GLP‐1R mRNAs and microRNAs 33a and 122 in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats treated with ghrelin. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22388. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep M. Coskun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and SciencesDemiroglu Bilim UniversityIstanbul Turkey
| | - Alisa B. Beydogan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa MedicineIstanbul University‐CerrahpasaIstanbul Turkey
| | - Sema Bolkent
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa MedicineIstanbul University‐CerrahpasaIstanbul Turkey
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Qiao S, Mao G, Li H, Ma Z, Hong L, Zhang H, Wang C, An J. DPP-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Improves Cardiac Function and Glucose Homeostasis and Ameliorates β-Cell Dysfunction Together with Reducing S6K1 Activation and IRS-1 and IRS-2 Degradation in Obesity Female Mice. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:3641516. [PMID: 30116740 PMCID: PMC6079488 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3641516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic overnutrition leads to cardiac dysfunction and insulin (INS) resistance. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) improves glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in both human and animal models. In this study, we explored whether DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin (SIT) is involved in the protection of cardiac function and β-cell function using an obesity female mouse model. METHODS Six-week-old C57BL6/J mice were fed a high fat and fructose Western diet with DPP-4 inhibitor SIT for 12 weeks. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography. Body weight, plasma glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured. The contents of total S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), phosphorylation of S6K1 activation, and INS docking proteins INS receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS-1, IRS-2) were assayed, and histology of heart tissue was performed. RESULTS Chronic Western diet consumption elevated plasma glucose and insulin and caused obesity, diastolic dysfunction, and β-cell dysfunction. DPP-4 inhibition with SIT resulted in reduction in body weight, fasting glucose, and plasma insulin, and improved cardiac diastolic dysfunction. SIT also decreased mTOR/S6K1 activation and prevented the degradation of IRS-1 and IRS-2. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed pleiotropic protective effects of DPP-4 inhibitor SIT on cardiac function, glycemia, and β-cell function together with reducing S6K1 activation and IRS-1 and IRS-2 degradation in the obesity female mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigang Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guofang Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Lei Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Jianzhong An
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, No. 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou 215153, China
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Che F, Du H, Zhang W, Cheng Z, Tong Y. MicroRNA-132 modifies angiogenesis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease by suppressing the NF‑κB and VEGF pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2724-2730. [PMID: 29207094 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the expression of microRNA (miR)‑132 and the mechanism by which it modifies angiogenesis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICD) was investigated. RNA isolation and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to measure miR‑132 expression in patients with ICD. Inflammatory factors were measured using ELISA kits and western blotting measured B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X/Bcl‑2 ratio (Bax/Bcl‑2 ratio), nuclear factor (NF)‑κB p65, matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9), vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM‑1) and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression. miR‑132 expression in patients with ICD was lower compared with healthy volunteers. PC12 cells were used to create an oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) model. miR‑132 overexpression in an in vitro model was able to reduce tumor necrosis factor‑a, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑8, cyclooxygenase‑2, caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 levels, suppress Bax/Bcl‑2 ratio, NF‑κB p65, MMP‑9, VCAM‑1, iNOS, VEGF protein expression. The results suggested that miR‑132 may modify angiogenesis in patients with ICD by suppressing the NF‑κB pathway and promoting the VEGF pathway, and may develop into a therapy for ICD in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Che
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101145, P.R. China
| | - Huishan Du
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101145, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101145, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101145, P.R. China
| | - Yanna Tong
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101145, P.R. China
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