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Elsebaie HA, El-Bastawissy EA, Elberembally KM, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Shaldam MA, Eldehna WM, Tawfik HO, El-Moselhy TF. Novel 4-(2-arylidenehydrazineyl)thienopyrimidine derivatives as anticancer EGFR inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, kinome selectivity and in silico insights. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106799. [PMID: 37625210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The current study discovered fifteen new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives with potential anticancer action, including 5a-l, 6, and 7a-b. Results from the NCI screening revealed that compounds 5f-i and 7a significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells at mean GI% and GI50 levels. Compared to staurosporine, these compounds (5f-i and 7a) demonstrated better safety towards typical WI-38 cells. Compounds 5g and 7a demonstrated the highest inhibition (two-digit nanomolar) when compared to erlotinib when their potency was tested on EGFR kinase. Considering the outcomes above, 5g was examined for its ability to disrupt the cell cycle with trigger apoptosis in breast cancer MDA-MB-468 cell lines. The apoptosis markers Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9, were detected. In silico molecular docking and dynamic simulation were used to explainthe biological activities of the most potent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Elsebaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527 Egypt.
| | - Eman A El-Bastawissy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527 Egypt.
| | - Kamel M Elberembally
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527 Egypt.
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rehab Mustafa Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, Egypt.
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527 Egypt.
| | - Tarek F El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527 Egypt.
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Chanihoon GQ, Afridi HI, Unar A, Talpur FN, Kalochi HB, Nassani R, Laghari N, Uddin N, Ghulam A, Chandio AUR. Selenium and mercury concentrations in biological samples from patients with COVID-19. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127038. [PMID: 35863260 PMCID: PMC9288246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs. Furthermore, viral infection depletes several trace elements and promotes complex biochemical reactions in the body. Smoking has been linked to the incidence of COVID-19 and associated mortality, and it may impact clinical effects, viral and bacterial conversion, and treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 and the elemental concentrations of selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) in biological samples from smokers and nonsmokers infected with the virus and in healthy individuals. METHOD We evaluated changes in the concentrations of essential (Se) and toxic (Hg) elements in biological samples (blood, nasal fluid, saliva, sputum, serum, and scalp hair) collected from male smokers and nonsmokers (aged 29-59 years) infected with COVID-19 and from healthy men in the same age group. The patients lived in different cities in Sindh Province, Pakistan. The Se and Hg concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RESULTS Se concentrations in all types of biological samples from smokers and nonsmokers with COVID-19 were lower than those of healthy smokers and nonsmokers. Hg concentrations were elevated in both smokers and nonsmokers with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, persons infected with COVID-19 had higher concentrations of toxic Hg, which could cause physiological disorders, and low concentrations of essential Se, which can also cause weakness. COVID-19 infection showed positive correlations with levels of mercury and selenium. Thus, additional clinical and experimental investigations are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Qadir Chanihoon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Ahsanullah Unar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hadi Bakhsh Kalochi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Rayan Nassani
- Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nazia Laghari
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Najam Uddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ghulam
- Computerization and Network Section, Sindh Agriculture University, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ur Rahman Chandio
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, 76080, Pakistan
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Sánchez-Alarcón J, Milić M, Bustamante-Montes LP, Isaac-Olivé K, Valencia-Quintana R, Ramírez-Durán N. Genotoxicity of Mercury and Its Derivatives Demonstrated In Vitro and In Vivo in Human Populations Studies. Systematic Review. TOXICS 2021; 9:326. [PMID: 34941760 PMCID: PMC8704886 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Beside partial coverage in three reviews so far (1994, 2009, 2019), there is no review on genotoxic studies dealing with mercury (Hg) and human exposure using the most usual genotoxic assays: sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), chromosomal aberrations (CA), cytochalasin B blocked micronucleus assay (CBMN), and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE or alkaline comet assay). Fifty years from the first Hg genotoxicity study and with the Minamata Convention in force, the genotoxic potential of Hg and its derivatives is still controversial. Considering these antecedents, we present this first systematic literature overview of genotoxic studies dealing with Hg and human exposure that used the standard genotoxic assays. To date, there is not sufficient evidence for Hg human carcinogen classification, so the new data collections can be of great help. A review was made of the studies available (those published before the end of October 2021 on PubMed or Web of Science in English or Spanish language) in the scientific literature dealing with genotoxic assays and human sample exposure ex vivo, in vivo, and in vitro. Results from a total of 66 articles selected are presented. Organic (o)Hg compounds were more toxic than inorganic and/or elemental ones, without ruling out that all represent a risk. The most studied inorganic (i)Hg compounds in populations exposed accidentally, occupationally, or iatrogenically, and/or in human cells, were Hg chloride and Hg nitrate and of the organic compounds, were methylmercury, thimerosal, methylmercury chloride, phenylmercuric acetate, and methylmercury hydroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico;
- Cuerpo Académico Ambiente y Genética UATLX-CA-223, Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Santa María Acuitlapilco 90120, Tlaxcala, Mexico;
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; or
| | | | - Keila Isaac-Olivé
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Cuerpo Académico Ambiente y Genética UATLX-CA-223, Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Santa María Acuitlapilco 90120, Tlaxcala, Mexico;
| | - Ninfa Ramírez-Durán
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico;
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4
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Alhusaini A, Alghilani S, Alhuqbani W, Hasan IH. Vitamin E and Lactobacillus Provide Protective Effects Against Liver Injury Induced by HgCl 2: Role of CHOP, GPR87, and mTOR Proteins. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211011360. [PMID: 33994889 PMCID: PMC8083003 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211011360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mercury is one of the most harmful heavy metals and its toxicity causes severe multi-organ dysfunction. This study was designed to explore novel molecular pathways involved in the hepatoprotective effect of vitamin E (Vit-E) and Lactobacillius plantarum (Lac-B) against mercury toxicity. METHOD Acute hepatotoxicity was induced by administration of high dose of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in male rats, Vit-E or/and Lac-B were given along with HgCl2 for 2 weeks. The effects of those antioxidants were studied focusing on their anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory eficacies. Histopathological examinations were also conducted. RESULTS The administration of HgCl2 induced liver injury which manifested by elevation in serum ALT and AST. Liver MDA, caspase-3 and TNF-α levels were markedly increased; whereas, GSH level and SOD activity were declined. HgCl2 significantly elevated the expressions of hepatic CHOP, GPR87, NF-κB and mTOR. Histopathological examination revealed massive hepatocyte degeneration following HgCl2 administration. Treatment with Vit-E or/and Lac-B restored the normal levels of the previously mentioned parameters, as well as improved hepatic architecture. CONCLUSION Vit-E and Lac-B provided protective effect against HgCl2-induced hepatotoxicity via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and downregulation of CHOP, GPR87, NF-κB and mTOR proteins' expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Alhusaini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waad Alhuqbani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman H. Hasan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Amooei M, Meshkati Z, Nasiri R, Dakhili AB. Cognitive decline prevention in offspring of Pb +2 exposed mice by maternal aerobic training and Cur/CaCO 3@Cur supplementations: In vitro and in vivo studies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111785. [PMID: 33348254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered contaminants that hazardously influence the healthy life of humans and animals as they are widely used in industry. Contact of youngsters and women at ages of parturition with lead (Pb+2) is a main related concern, which passes through the placental barricade and its better absorption in the intestine leads to flaws in the fetal developfment. However, the metals threaten animal and human life, in particular throughout developmental stages. Products existing in the nature have a major contribution to innovating chemo-preventives. As a naturally available polyphenol and necessary curcuminoid, curcumin (Cur) is a derivative of the herb Curcuma longa (L.) rhizome, which globally recognized as "wonder drug of life"; however, Cur has a limited clinical use as it is poorly dissolved in water. Therefore, to enhance its clinically relevant parameters, curcumin-loaded calcium carbonate (CaCO3@Cur) was synthesized by one step coprecipitation method as a newly introduced in this research. Initially, its structure was physio chemically characterized using FT-IR, FESEM and DLS equipment and then the cytotoxicity of lead when it was pretreated with Cur/CaCO3@Cur were assessed by MTT assay. Both Cur and CaCO3@Cur diminished the toxic effects of Pb+2 while the most protective effect on the Pb+2 cytotoxicity was achieved by pre-incubation of cells with CaCO3@Cur. Besides, the morphological changes of Pb+2-treated cells that were pre-incubated with or without Cur/CaCO3@Cur were observed by normal and florescent microscopes. A non-pharmacologic method that lowers the hazard of brain damage is exercise training that is capable of both improving and alleviating memory. In the current study, the role of regular aerobic training and CaCO3@Cur was assessed in reducing the risk of brain damage induced by lead nitrate contact. To achieve the mentioned goal, pregnant Balb/C mice were assigned to five groups (six mice/group) at random: negative and positive controls, aerobic training group and Cur and CaCO3@Cur treated (50 mg/kg/b.wt) trained groups that exposed to Pb+2 (2 mg/kg) by drinking water during breeding and pregnancy. With the completion of study, offspring were subjected to the behavioral tasks that was tested by step-through ORT, DLB, MWM and YM tests. As a result, having regular aerobic training and CaCO3@Cur co-administration with lead nitrate could reverse the most defected behavioral indicators; yet, this was not visible for both sexes and it seems that gender can also be a source of different effects in the animal's body. In fact, having regular aerobic training along with CaCO3@Cur supplementation during pregnancy may be encouraging protecting potential agents towards the toxicity of Pb+2 that could be recommended in the areas with high pollution of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amooei
- Department of physical education and sport sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Meshkati
- Department of physical education and sport sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Rozita Nasiri
- Iran National Elite Foundation, Tehran 93111-14578, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Bahador Dakhili
- Department of physical education and sport science, Faculty of shahid chamran Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Kerman, Iran
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6
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Cao X, Fu M, Bi R, Zheng X, Fu B, Tian S, Liu C, Li Q, Liu J. Cadmium induced BEAS-2B cells apoptosis and mitochondria damage via MAPK signaling pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128346. [PMID: 33297271 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, a heavy metal pollutant in industrial production, is found in air, water and soil, which is harmful to human health and can lead to diseases, such as asthma, lung cancer, and emphysema. In this study, the toxicity of cadmium on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) was investigated. Cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, apoptosis and the related signaling pathways were detected with MTT assay, Rhodamine staining, DCFH-DA staining, Hoechst33258 staining and Western blot methods respectively. The results showed that the cell viability decreased, the mitochondrial membrane potential declined, ROS was accumulated and apoptotic rate raised in BEAS-2B cells. Meanwhile, the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was downregulated, while the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and the cleaved caspase-3 was upregulated, which indicated mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway was activated. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38 was enhanced respectively, which manifested that MAPK signaling pathways were activated. Therefore, it could be concluded that cadmium could increase intracellular ROS, result in cellular oxidative stress, activate JNK, ERK and p38 MAPK pathways and ultimately lead to apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells by activating mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. This study provided useful information to elucidate the toxicity of cadmium and revealed the possible mechanism for the occurrence of lung disease induced by cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Mingyang Fu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Ruochen Bi
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shenyang, South Eleven West Road 18, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Baorong Fu
- School of Environment, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Siqi Tian
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Chengying Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Qijiu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshan Road 66, Shenyang, 110036, PR China.
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7
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Skalny AV, Lima TRR, Ke T, Zhou JC, Bornhorst J, Alekseenko SI, Aaseth J, Anesti O, Sarigiannis DA, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M, Tinkov AA. Toxic metal exposure as a possible risk factor for COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111809. [PMID: 33069759 PMCID: PMC7563920 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple medical, lifestyle, and environmental conditions, including smoking and particulate pollution, have been considered as risk factors for COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility and severity. Taking into account the high level of toxic metals in both particulate matter (PM2.5) and tobacco smoke, the objective of this review is to discuss recent data on the role of heavy metal exposure in development of respiratory dysfunction, immunotoxicity, and severity of viral diseases in epidemiological and experimental studies, as to demonstrate the potential crossroads between heavy metal exposure and COVID-19 severity risk. The existing data demonstrate that As, Cd, Hg, and Pb exposure is associated with respiratory dysfunction and respiratory diseases (COPD, bronchitis). These observations corroborate laboratory findings on the role of heavy metal exposure in impaired mucociliary clearance, reduced barrier function, airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The association between heavy metal exposure and severity of viral diseases, including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus has been also demonstrated. The latter may be considered a consequence of adverse effects of metal exposure on adaptive immunity. Therefore, reduction of toxic metal exposure may be considered as a potential tool for reducing susceptibility and severity of viral diseases affecting the respiratory system, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
| | - Thania Rios Rossi Lima
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Svetlana I Alekseenko
- I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia; K.A. Rauhfus Children's City Multidisciplinary Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jan Aaseth
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Ourania Anesti
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thermi, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis A Sarigiannis
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thermi, Greece; University School of Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Michael Aschner
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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8
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Dorrigiv M, Zareiyan A, Hosseinzadeh H. Garlic (
Allium sativum
) as an antidote or a protective agent against natural or chemical toxicities: A comprehensive update review. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1770-1797. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Dorrigiv
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of MedicineAJA University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Public Health DepartmentNursing Faculty at Aja University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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9
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Abirami A, Sinsinwar S, Rajalakshmi P, Brindha P, Rajesh YBRD, Vadivel V. Antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of loganic acid isolated from seeds of Strychnos potatorum L. against heavy metal induced toxicity in PBMC model. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:239-249. [PMID: 31645139 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1681445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Present work carried out with the objectives to isolate active component of S. potatorum and also to evaluate its free radical scavenging activity and preventing capacity against heavy metal toxicity. Solvents of different polarity were used to prepare crude extracts of S. potatorum seeds and screened for antioxidant activity. Among the crude extracts, methanolic extract was found to exhibit higher antioxidant activity (81.22%) which was fractionated by liquid-liquid partitioning method. Among the different fractions (LF1-LF4), LF-2 showed higher antioxidant activity (98.24%) as compared to other three liquid fractions and hence LF-2 was further purified by column chromatography. Among nine column fractions (CF1-CF9), fraction CF-7 was found to have higher antioxidant activity (92.14%), which was further analyzed using LC-MS and NMR and identified as loganic acid. In vitro radical scavenging assays showed remarkable antioxidant activity of loganic acid in terms of DPPH scavenging (IC50 149 µg/ml), superoxide radical scavenging (IC50 632.43 µg/ml) and hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50 29.78 µg/ml). Loganic acid exhibited 81% prevention of heavy metal toxicity through the mechanism of inhibiting ROS generation (2046 AU vs. 5264 AU in control) and lipid peroxidation (95.01%). Thus, the active compound (loganic acid) isolated from S. potatorum has strong free radical scavenging activity and remarkable cyto-protective effect against heavy metal mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alagarsamy Abirami
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK II 409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Simran Sinsinwar
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK II 409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Perumal Rajalakshmi
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Pemaiah Brindha
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Yamajala B R D Rajesh
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab (Lab No. 412), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Vellingiri Vadivel
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK II 409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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10
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Amanpour P, Khodarahmi P, Salehipour M. Protective effects of vitamin E on cadmium-induced apoptosis in rat testes. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 393:349-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Morales-González JA, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Valadez-Vega MDC, Álvarez-González I, Morales-González Á, Madrigal-Santillán E. Garlic ( Allium sativum L.): A Brief Review of Its Antigenotoxic Effects. Foods 2019; 8:foods8080343. [PMID: 31412555 PMCID: PMC6722787 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Medicine/Complementary and Alternative Medicine is a practice that incorporates medicine based on plants, animals, and minerals for diagnosing, treating, and preventing certain diseases, including chronic degenerative diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Different factors generate its continued acceptance, highlighting its diversity, easy access, low cost, and the presence of relatively few adverse effects and, importantly, a high possibility of discovering antigenotoxic agents. In this regard, it is known that the use of different antigenotoxic agents is an efficient alternative to preventing human cancer and that, in general, these can act by means of a combination of various mechanisms of action and against one or various mutagens and/or carcinogens. Therefore, it is relevant to confirm its usefulness, efficacy, and its spectrum of action through different assays. With this in mind, the present manuscript has as its objective the compilation of different investigations carried out with garlic that have demonstrated its genoprotective capacity, and that have been evaluated by means of five of the most outstanding tests (Ames test, sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus, and comet assay). Thus, we intend to provide information and bibliographic support to investigators in order for them to broaden their studies on the antigenotoxic spectrum of action of this perennial plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas", Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Wilfrido Massieu. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Jeannett A Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - María Del Carmen Valadez-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Wilfrido Massieu. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas", Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico.
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Maheshwari S, Dua A. Ultrastructural changes in fin epithelium of Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to mercuric chloride: sem study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:702-710. [PMID: 31339478 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1645069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish skin is in direct contact with water and forms the first line of defense against pathogens and toxicants present in the surrounding water. The effect of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) on surface architecture of the epidermis of caudal fin of an air breathing fish, Channa punctatus was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and revealed the presence of microridges that formed intricate, maze-like patterns. The exposed fish showed significant alterations including disorganization of microridge pattern and increase in number as well as enlargement of mucus cell openings. These findings exhibited concentration- and time- dependent alterations in fin epithelium. Data demonstrated that fin epithelium of fish may be successfully employed as a bioindicator of water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Maheshwari
- a Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar , Punjab , India
| | - Anish Dua
- a Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar , Punjab , India
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