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Liu C, Zhang H, Yang Y, Cao Y, Liang D. Association Between Dietary Zinc Intake and Increased Renal Function in US Adults. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3871-3885. [PMID: 38015328 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary zinc intake and the risk of albuminuria, low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the US general population. This study was a cross-sectional study utilizing the data from the 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) > 30 mg/g. Low eGFR was defined as an eGFR of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. CKD is characterized by albuminuria or low eGFR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, subgroup analyses, interaction tests, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were performed in this study. For 37,195 enrolled participants in this study, the mean dietary zinc intake was 11.85 ± 0.07 mg/day, and the rate of albuminuria, low eGFR, and CKD was 9.37%, 6.68%, and 14.10%, respectively. Participants with a higher dietary zinc intake showed a lower risk of albuminuria, low eGFR, and CKD. In the fully adjusted model, we found that participants in the highest dietary zinc intake quartile had 26% lower odds of the rate of CKD than those in quartile 1. Subgroup analyses showed that dietary zinc intake was positively associated with the risk of low eGFR in participants who were now smokers. The potential nonlinear relationship between dietary zinc intake and the risk of CKD and albuminuria was also revealed. Higher dietary zinc intake was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of CKD, which might be helpful in kidney function protection among the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Endocrine, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
- West China Clinical Medical College of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
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Cai Y, Zhou J, Xu A, Huang J, Zhang H, Xie G, Zhong K, Wu Y, Ye P, Wang H, Niu H. N6-methyladenosine triggers renal fibrosis via enhancing translation and stability of ZEB2 mRNA. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107598. [PMID: 39059495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a surge in studies investigating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in human diseases has occurred. However, the specific roles and mechanisms of m6A in kidney disease remain incompletely understood. This study revealed that m6A plays a positive role in regulating renal fibrosis (RF) by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal phenotypic transition (EMT) in renal tubular cells. Through comprehensive analyses, including m6A sequencing, RNA-seq, and functional studies, we confirmed the pivotal involvement of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) in m6A-mediated RF and EMT. Notably, the m6A-modified coding sequence of ZEB2 mRNA significantly enhances its translational elongation and mRNA stability by interacting with the YTHDF1/eEF-2 complex and IGF2BP3, respectively. Moreover, targeted demethylation of ZEB2 mRNA using the dm6ACRISPR system substantially decreases ZEB2 expression and disrupts the EMT process in renal tubular epithelial cells. In vivo and clinical data further support the positive influence of m6A/ZEB2 on RF progression. Our findings highlight the m6A-mediated regulation of RF through ZEB2, revealing a novel therapeutic target for RF treatment and enhancing our understanding of the impact of mRNA methylation on kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abai Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchang Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyou Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongxin Niu
- Department of General Practice, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Special Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang Z, Liao Y, Zheng Y, Ye S, Zhang Q, Yu X, Liu X, Li N. Zinc Deficiency Causes Glomerulosclerosis and Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Through Oxidative Stress and Increased Lactate Metabolism in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04306-1. [PMID: 39028478 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition characterized by renal fibrosis as its ultimate manifestation. Zinc deficiency is closely associated with CKD, evidenced by its link to renal fibrosis. Recently, local lactic acidosis has been demonstrated to promote renal fibrosis. Under zinc-deficient conditions, mitochondrial function is compromised and abnormal lactate metabolism might be induced potentially. However, it remains unclear whether zinc deficiency leads to renal fibrosis through local lactic acidosis. Zinc deficiency rat models were successfully established by feeding zinc-deficient diet. Western blot, qPCR, IHC, and other experiments were employed to investigate the key markers and molecular mechanisms of glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Our results indicate that zinc deficiency reduces specific markers of podocytes (podocalyxin, WT1, and nephrin) and activates the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway, a key pathway in podocyte injury. Concurrently, glomerulosclerosis is indicated by increased urinary microalbumin and serum creatinine levels along with histological alteration observed through PAS and Masson staining in zinc-deficient rats. Furthermore, various degrees of upregulation for several markers of interstitial fibrosis including α-SMA, FN1 and collagen III are also revealed. These findings were further confirmed by Masson staining and IHC. Additionally, alterations in four markers in the EMT process, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Vimentin, and snail, were consistent with expectations. We then confirmed the activation of the non-canonical TGF-β1 pathway known as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. An elevation in renal ROS levels accompanied by increased mitochondrial marker cytochrome C expression as well as an elevated NADH/NAD + ratio is also observed within the kidneys. Furthermore, the activity of both MMP/TIMP system and fibrinolytic system was abnormally enhanced under zinc deficiency conditions. Finally, we find zinc supplementation could significantly ameliorate relevant pathological alterations induced by zinc deficiency. These results collectively point that zinc deficiency causes podocyte damage ultimately resulting in glomerulosclerosis via accumulation of ROS and induces interstitial fibrosis via lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yajie Liao
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yunxi Zheng
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Shang Ye
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ningxu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Robertson JN, Diep H, Pinto AR, Sobey CG, Drummond GR, Vinh A, Jelinic M. Optimization of mouse kidney digestion protocols for single-cell applications. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:469-482. [PMID: 38525531 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00002.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell technologies such as flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing have allowed for comprehensive characterization of the kidney cellulome. However, there is a disparity in the various protocols for preparing kidney single-cell suspensions. We aimed to address this limitation by characterizing kidney cellular heterogeneity using three previously published single-cell preparation protocols. Single-cell suspensions were prepared from male and female C57BL/6 kidneys using the following kidney tissue dissociation protocols: a scRNAseq protocol (P1), a multi-tissue digestion kit from Miltenyi Biotec (P2), and a protocol established in our laboratory (P3). Following dissociation, flow cytometry was used to identify known major cell types including leukocytes (myeloid and lymphoid), vascular cells (smooth muscle and endothelial), nephron epithelial cells (intercalating, principal, proximal, and distal tubule cells), podocytes, and fibroblasts. Of the protocols tested, P2 yielded significantly less leukocytes and type B intercalating cells compared with the other techniques. P1 and P3 produced similar yields for most cell types; however, endothelial and myeloid-derived cells were significantly enriched using P1. Significant sex differences were detected in only two cell types: granulocytes (increased in males) and smooth muscle cells (increased in females). Future single-cell studies that aim to enrich specific kidney cell types may benefit from this comparative analysis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to evaluate published single-cell suspension preparation protocols and their ability to produce high-quality cellular yields from the mouse kidney. Three single-cell digestion protocols were compared and each produced significant differences in kidney cellular heterogeneity. These findings highlight the importance of the digestion protocol when using single-cell technologies. This study may help future single-cell science research by guiding researchers to choose protocols that enrich certain cell types of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake N Robertson
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henry Diep
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander R Pinto
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Antony Vinh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Jelinic
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Abid AI, Conzatti G, Toti F, Anton N, Vandamme T. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as cell free nanotherapeutics and nanocarriers. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 61:102769. [PMID: 38914247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Many strategies for regenerating the damaged tissues or degenerating cells are employed in regenerative medicine. Stem cell technology is a modern strategy of the recent approaches, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MCSs). The ability of MSCs to differentiate as well as their characteristic behaviour as paracrine effector has established them as key elements in tissue repair (Shaer et al., 20141). Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed by MSCs have emerged as a promising cell free therapy (Citation}Rani, S., Ryan, A. E., Griffin, M. D., and Ritter, T., 20152). This comprehensive review encompasses MSCs-derived exosomes and their therapeutic potential as nanotherapeutics. We also discuss their potency as drug delivery nano-carriers in comparison with liposomes. A better knowledge of EVs behaviour in vivo and of their mechanism of action are key to determine parameters of an optimal formulation in pilot studies and to establish industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Imran Abid
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Conzatti
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
| | - Florence Toti
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nicolas Anton
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Thierry Vandamme
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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6
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Cai X, Wang D, Wang J, Ding C, Li Y, Zheng J, Xue W. A mendelian randomization study revealing that metabolic syndrome is causally related to renal failure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1392466. [PMID: 38911042 PMCID: PMC11190295 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1392466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS), with the results of recent observational studies supporting a potential link between renal failure and MetS. The causal nature of this relationship, however, remains uncertain. This study thus leveraged a Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to probe the causal link of MetS with renal failure. Methods A genetic database was initially used to identify SNPs associated with MetS and components thereof, after which causality was evaluated through the inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted media techniques. Results were subsequently validated through sensitivity analyses. Results IVW (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.21-1.82, P =1.60E-04) and weighted median (OR = 1.58, 95% CI =1.15-2.17, P = 4.64E-03) analyses revealed that MetS was linked to an elevated risk of renal failure. When evaluating the specific components of MetS, waist circumference was found to be causally related to renal failure using the IVW (OR= 1.58, 95% CI = 1.39-1.81, P = 1.74e-11), MR-Egger (OR= 1.54, 95% CI = 1.03-2.29, P = 0.036), and weighted median (OR= 1.82, 95% CI = 1.48-2.24, P = 1.17e-8). The IVW method also revealed a causal association of hypertension with renal failure (OR= 1.95, 95% CI = 1.34-2.86, P = 5.42e-04), while renal failure was not causally related to fasting blood glucose, triglyceride levels, or HDL-C levels. Conclusion These data offer further support for the existence of a causal association of MetS with kidney failure. It is thus vital that MetS be effectively managed in patients with CKD in clinical settings, particularly for patients with hypertension or a high waist circumference who are obese. Adequate interventions in these patient populations have the potential to prevent or delay the development of renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfu Cai
- Department of Renal Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Decai Wang
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenguang Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Department of Renal Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Peng J, Yang T, Chen S, Deng N, Luo X, Liao R, Su B. Utilization of Hydrogels in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Kidney Diseases. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:315-326. [PMID: 37819717 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases are major global health problems, with high prevalence and mortality. However, current treatment strategies for kidney diseases fail to achieve satisfactory efficacy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has been a promising strategy for treating kidney diseases. Preclinical studies have proven their safety and effectiveness in treating acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the outcomes of clinical trials have shown very limited clinical efficacy. A variety of innovative approaches have been proposed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs, and hydrogels are attractive candidates. Hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) networks formed by hydrophilic polymers of natural or synthetic origin with diverse physical and chemical properties. They have been widely applied in the field of drug delivery and regenerative medicine, including MSC-based therapy. Many studies have proven that hydrogels can improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for kidney diseases, but there are still challenges limiting the widespread application of this method. In this review, we introduce the application of MSCs in kidney diseases and the factors that influence therapeutic efficiency and focus on the beneficial effects of hydrogels in MSC-based therapy for AKI and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningyue Deng
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyao Luo
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoxi Liao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Su
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Teixido-Trujillo S, Luis-Lima S, López-Martínez M, Navarro-Díaz M, Díaz-Martín L, Escasany-Martínez E, Gaspari F, Rodríguez-Rodríguez AE. Measured GFR in murine animal models: review on methods, techniques, and procedures. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1241-1250. [PMID: 37552296 PMCID: PMC10567863 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, with increasing rates of morbidity and mortality. Thus, early detection is essential to prevent severe adverse events and the progression of kidney disease to an end stage. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most appropriate index to evaluate renal function in both clinical practice and basic medical research. Several animal models have been developed to understand renal disease induction and progression. Specifically, murine models are useful to study the pathogenesis of renal damage, so a reliable determination of GFR is essential to evaluate the progression of CKD. However, as in clinical practise, the estimation of GFR in murine by levels of serum/urine creatinine or cystatin-C could not be accurate and needed other more reliable methods. As an alternative, the measurement of GFR by the clearance of exogenous markers like inulin, sinistrin, 51Cr-EDTA, 99mTc-DTPA, 125I-iothalamate, or iohexol could be performed. Nevertheless, both approaches-estimation or measurement of GFR-have their limitations and a standard method for the GFR determination has not been defined. Altogether, in this review, we aim to give an overview of the current methods for GFR assessment in murine models, describing each methodology and focusing on their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Teixido-Trujillo
- Universidad de La Laguna, Faculty of Medicine, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Sergio Luis-Lima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Maruja Navarro-Díaz
- Department of Nephology, Hospital de Sant Joan Despí Moisès Broggi, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Díaz-Martín
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Elia Escasany-Martínez
- Lipobeta group. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Flavio Gaspari
- Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS), Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases 'Aldo & Cele Daccò, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ana Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad de La Laguna, Faculty of Medicine, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
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Martínez-Hernández SL, Muñoz-Ortega MH, Ávila-Blanco ME, Medina-Pizaño MY, Ventura-Juárez J. Novel Approaches in Chronic Renal Failure without Renal Replacement Therapy: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2828. [PMID: 37893201 PMCID: PMC10604533 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by renal parenchymal damage leading to a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. The inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the tissue damage contributing to renal failure. Current therapeutic options encompass dietary control, mineral salt regulation, and management of blood pressure, blood glucose, and fatty acid levels. However, they do not effectively halt the progression of renal damage. This review critically examines novel therapeutic avenues aimed at ameliorating inflammation, mitigating extracellular matrix accumulation, and fostering renal tissue regeneration in the context of CKD. Understanding the mechanisms sustaining a proinflammatory and profibrotic state may offer the potential for targeted pharmacological interventions. This, in turn, could pave the way for combination therapies capable of reversing renal damage in CKD. The non-replacement phase of CKD currently faces a dearth of efficacious therapeutic options. Future directions encompass exploring vaptans as diuretics to inhibit water absorption, investigating antifibrotic agents, antioxidants, and exploring regenerative treatment modalities, such as stem cell therapy and novel probiotics. Moreover, this review identifies pharmaceutical agents capable of mitigating renal parenchymal damage attributed to CKD, targeting molecular-level signaling pathways (TGF-β, Smad, and Nrf2) that predominate in the inflammatory processes of renal fibrogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Luz Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Martín Humberto Muñoz-Ortega
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Manuel Enrique Ávila-Blanco
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Mariana Yazmin Medina-Pizaño
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Javier Ventura-Juárez
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
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Zhang Z, Zha T, Jiang Z, Pan L, Liu Y, Dong C, Chen J, Xing W. Using Ultrahigh b -Value Diffusion-Weighted Imaging to Noninvasively Assess Renal Fibrosis in a Rabbit Model of Renal Artery Stenosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2023; 47:713-720. [PMID: 37707400 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging with ultrahigh b values ( ub DWI) for the evaluation of renal fibrosis (RF) induced by renal artery stenosis (RAS) in a rabbit model. METHODS Thirty-two rabbits underwent left RAS operation, whereas 8 rabbits received sham surgery. All rabbits underwent ub DWI ( b = 0-4500 s/mm 2 ). The standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC st ), molecular diffusion coefficient ( D ), perfusion fraction ( f ), perfusion-related diffusion coefficient ( D *) and ultrahigh apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC uh ) were longitudinally assessed before operation and at weeks 2, 4, and 6 after operation. The degree of interstitial fibrosis and the expression of aquaporin (AQP) 1 and AQP2 were determined through pathological examination. RESULTS In the stenotic kidney, the ADC st , D , f , and ADC uh values of the renal parenchyma significantly decreased compared with those at baseline (all P < 0.05), whereas the D * values significantly increased after RAS induction ( P < 0.05). The ADC st , D , D *, and f were weakly to moderately correlated with interstitial fibrosis as well as with the expression of AQP1 and AQP2. Furthermore, the ADC uh negatively correlated with interstitial fibrosis ( ρ = -0.782, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with AQP1 and AQP2 expression ( ρ = 0.794, P < 0.001, and ρ = 0.789, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Diffusion-weighted imaging with ultrahigh b values shows the potential for noninvasive assessment of the progression of RF in rabbits with unilateral RAS. The ADC uh derived from ub DWI could reflect the expression of AQPs in RF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tingting Zha
- From the Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou
| | - Zhenxing Jiang
- From the Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou
| | - Liang Pan
- From the Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Congsong Dong
- Department of Radiology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Jie Chen
- From the Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou
| | - Wei Xing
- From the Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou
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11
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Gullaksen S, Vernstrøm L, Sørensen SS, Ringgaard S, Laustsen C, Funck KL, Poulsen PL, Laugesen E. Separate and combined effects of semaglutide and empagliflozin on kidney oxygenation and perfusion in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised trial. Diabetologia 2023; 66:813-825. [PMID: 36746803 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1ras) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have shown kidney-protective effects. Improved kidney oxygenation and haemodynamic changes are suggested mechanisms; however, human data are scarce. We therefore investigated whether semaglutide (GLP-1ra), empagliflozin (SGLT2i) or their combination improve kidney oxygenation and perfusion. METHODS The trial was undertaken at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. A total of 120 people with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol [6.5%]) and at high risk of CVD (age ≥50 years) were randomised into four parallel groups (n=30 in each group) for 32 weeks: 1.0 mg semaglutide (open label); 10 mg empagliflozin (blinded to participants, caregivers, examiners and outcome assessors); their combination (1.0 mg semaglutide open label plus 10 mg empagliflozin blinded to participants, caregivers, examiners and outcome assessors); and placebo tablet (blinded to participants, caregivers, examiners and outcome assessors). Sequentially numbered, sealed envelopes containing computer-generated randomisation codes, provided by Glostrup Pharmacy, Glostrup, Denmark, determined the intervention. The two co-primary outcomes were change in kidney oxygenation and change in arterial stiffness. This paper reports on kidney oxygenation, for which 80 individuals as prespecified, 20 in each group, underwent MRI. We primarily hypothesised that kidney oxygenation would be improved in the active treatment groups compared with placebo after 32 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in kidney perfusion, erythropoietin, haematocrit, urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) and GFR (measured using technetium-99m) compared with baseline and between treatment groups at week 32. RESULTS Our model estimated a common baseline R2* value across all four groups in the cortex and the medulla. At baseline, the value was 24.5 (95% CI 23.9, 24.9) Hz in the medulla. After 32 weeks, the R2* values in the medulla were estimated to be 25.4 (95% CI 24.7, 26.2) Hz in the empagliflozin group and 24.5 (95% CI 23.9, 25.1) Hz in the placebo group (p=0.016) (higher R2* corresponds to a lower oxygenation). Semaglutide decreased perfusion in both the cortex and the medulla. Empagliflozin increased erythropoietin and haematocrit. All three active treatments decreased GFR but not UACR. Ten serious adverse events were reported, among them two occurrences of semaglutide-associated obstipation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our hypothesis, that semaglutide, empagliflozin or their combination improve kidney oxygenation, was rejected. On the contrary, empagliflozin induced a reduction in medullary kidney oxygenation. Semaglutide substantially reduced kidney perfusion without affecting oxygenation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrialsregister.eu EudraCT 2019-000781-38 FUNDING: Novo Nordisk Foundation, Central Denmark Region Research Fund and Danish Medical Associations Research Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Gullaksen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Liv Vernstrøm
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen S Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Ringgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kristian L Funck
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per L Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Laugesen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
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12
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Kuo KL, Chiang CW, Chen YMA, Yu CC, Lee TS. Folic Acid Ameliorates Renal Injury in Experimental Obstructive Nephropathy: Role of Glycine N-Methyltransferase. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076859. [PMID: 37047834 PMCID: PMC10095475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Folic acid exerts both anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), the major folic acid-binding protein in the liver, is a crucial enzyme that regulates the cellular methylation process by maintaining S-adenosylmethionine levels. However, as yet neither the therapeutic effects of folic acid in renal fibrosis nor whether GNMT is involved in these folic acid-associated mechanisms has been investigated. First, the expression of GNMT was examined in human kidneys with or without obstructive nephropathy. Later, wild-type and GNMT knockout (GNMT-/-) mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and then treated with either folic acid or vehicle for 14 days. Renal tubular injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and autophagy were evaluated by histological analysis and Western blotting. We observed increased expression of GNMT in humans with obstructive nephropathy. Furthermore, UUO significantly increased the expression of GNMT in mice; in addition, it caused renal injury as well as the development of both hydronephrosis and tubular injury. These were all alleviated by folic acid treatment. In contrast, GNMT-/- mice exhibited exacerbated UUO-induced renal injury, but the protective effect of folic acid was not observed in GNMT-/- mice. We propose a novel role for folic acid in the treatment of renal fibrosis, which indicates that GNMT may be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Lin Kuo
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231405, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chiang
- Department of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Arthur Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Yu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231405, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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13
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Choi J, Choi MS, Jeon J, Moon J, Lee J, Kong E, Lucia SE, Hong S, Lee JH, Lee EY, Kim P. In vivo longitudinal 920 nm two-photon intravital kidney imaging of a dynamic 2,8-DHA crystal formation and tubular deterioration in the adenine-induced chronic kidney disease mouse model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1647-1658. [PMID: 37078028 PMCID: PMC10110322 DOI: 10.1364/boe.485187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common renal diseases manifested by gradual loss of kidney function with no symptoms in the early stage. The underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of CKD with various causes such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, and kidney infection is not well understood. In vivo longitudinal repetitive cellular-level observation of the kidney of the CKD animal model can provide novel insights to diagnose and treat the CKD by visualizing the dynamically changing pathophysiology of CKD with its progression over time. In this study, using two-photon intravital microscopy with a single 920 nm fixed-wavelength fs-pulsed laser, we longitudinally and repetitively observed the kidney of an adenine diet-induced CKD mouse model for 30 days. Interestingly, we could successfully visualize the 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA) crystal formation with a second-harmonics generation (SHG) signal and the morphological deterioration of renal tubules with autofluorescence using a single 920 nm two-photon excitation. The longitudinal in vivo two-photon imaging results of increasing 2,8-DHA crystals and decreasing tubular area ratio visualized by SHG and autofluorescence signal, respectively, were highly correlated with the CKD progression monitored by a blood test showing increased cystatin C and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels over time. This result suggests the potential of label-free second-harmonics generation crystal imaging as a novel optical technique for in vivo CKD progression monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehwi Jeon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Moon
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingu Lee
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephani Edwina Lucia
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujung Hong
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Qin Z, Chen X, Sun J, Jiang L. The association between visceral adiposity index and decreased renal function: A population-based study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1076301. [PMID: 36969806 PMCID: PMC10036366 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1076301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AimsWe aimed to investigate the association of visceral adiposity index (VAI) with decreased renal function in US adults.Design and methodsCross-sectional data were analyzed for 35,018 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018. VAI was determined using waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TGs) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g. A low estimated-glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was defined as an eGFR lower than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as either albuminuria or low-eGFR. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to explore the relationship of VAI with albuminuria, low-eGFR and CKD. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were also conducted.ResultsA total of 35,018 participants were enrolled with albuminuria, low-eGFR, and CKD prevalence rates of 5.18, 6.42, and 10.62%, respectively, which increased with the higher VAI tertiles. After full adjustment, a positive association of VAI with albuminuria (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.06) and CKD (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06) was observed. Participants in the highest VAI tertile had a significantly 30% increased risk for albuminuria (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.58) and a 27% increased risk for CKD (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.49) compared with those in the lowest VAI tertile. No statistically significant association between VAI and low-eGFR was detected. Subgroup analysis and the interaction term indicated that there was no significant difference among different stratifications.ConclusionVisceral adiposity accumulation evaluating by VAI was associated with increased likelihood of the decline in renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qin
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiantong Sun
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luojia Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang No.1 People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
- *Correspondence: Luojia Jiang,
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15
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Zhang N, Ru B, Hu J, Xu L, Wan Q, Liu W, Cai W, Zhu T, Ji Z, Guo R, Zhang L, Li S, Tong X. Recent advances of CREKA peptide-based nanoplatforms in biomedical applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:77. [PMID: 36869341 PMCID: PMC9985238 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine technology is a rapidly developing field of research and application that uses nanoparticles as a platform to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Nanoparticles loaded with drugs and imaging contrast agents have already been used in clinically, but they are essentially passive delivery carriers. To make nanoparticles smarter, an important function is the ability to actively locate target tissues. It enables nanoparticles to accumulate in target tissues at higher concentrations, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. Among the different ligands, the CREKA peptide (Cys-Arg-Glu-Lys-Ala) is a desirable targeting ligand and has a good targeting ability for overexpressed fibrin in different models, such as cancers, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, and atherosclerosis. In this review, the characteristic of the CREKA peptide and the latest reports regarding the application of CREKA-based nanoplatforms in different biological tissues are described. In addition, the existing problems and future application perspectives of CREKA-based nanoplatforms are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Ru
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Langhai Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - WenJun Cai
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingli Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongwei Ji
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Shun Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China. .,Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Gembillo G, Calimeri S, Tranchida V, Silipigni S, Vella D, Ferrara D, Spinella C, Santoro D, Visconti L. Lung Dysfunction and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Complex Network of Multiple Interactions. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020286. [PMID: 36836520 PMCID: PMC9966880 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease that affects > 10% of the total population worldwide or >800 million people. CKD poses a particularly heavy burden in low- and middle-income countries, which are least able to cope with its consequences. It has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is one of the few non-communicable diseases where the number of related deaths has increased over the last two decades. The high number of people affected, and the significant negative impact of CKD should be a reason to increase efforts to improve prevention and treatment. The interaction of lung and kidney leads to highly complex and difficult clinical scenarios. CKD significantly affects the physiology of the lung by altering fluid homeostasis, acid-base balance and vascular tone. In the lung, haemodynamic disturbances lead to the development of alterations in ventilatory control, pulmonary congestion, capillary stress failure and pulmonary vascular disease. In the kidney, haemodynamic disturbances lead to sodium and water retention and the deterioration of renal function. In this article, we would like to draw attention to the importance of harmonising the definitions of clinical events in pneumology and renal medicine. We would also like to highlight the need for pulmonary function tests in routine clinical practise for the management of patients with CKD, in order to find new concepts for pathophysiological based disease-specific management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gembillo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-00902212265
| | - Sebastiano Calimeri
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Tranchida
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Silipigni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, Policlinico “G. Martino’’, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Vella
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Ferrara
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Spinella
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Visconti
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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17
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Schulze-Zachau V, Winkel DJ, Kaul F, Demerath T, Potthast S, Heye TJ, Boll DT. Estimation of differential renal function on routine abdominal imaging employing compressed-sensed contrast-enhanced MR: a feasibility study referenced against dynamic renal scintigraphy in patients with deteriorating renal retention parameters. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1329-1339. [PMID: 36732406 PMCID: PMC10115688 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether high temporal/spatial resolution GRASP MRI acquired during routine clinical imaging can identify several degrees of renal function impairment referenced against renal dynamic scintigraphy. METHODS This retrospective study consists of method development and method verification parts. During method development, patients subject to renal imaging using gadoterate meglumine and GRASP post-contrast MRI technique (TR/TE 3.3/1.6 ms; FoV320 × 320 mm; FA12°; Voxel1.1 × 1.1x2.5 mm) were matched into four equally-sized renal function groups (no-mild-moderate-severe impairment) according to their laboratory-determined estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR); 60|120 patients|kidneys were included. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were placed on cortices, medullary pyramids and collecting systems of bilateral kidneys. Cortical perfusion, tubular concentration and collecting system excretion were determined as TimeCortex=Pyramid(sec), SlopeTubuli (sec-1), and TimeCollecting System (sec), respectively, and were measured by a combination of extraction of time intensity curves and respective quantitative parameters. For method verification, patients subject to GRASP MRI and renal dynamic scintigraphy (99mTc-MAG3, 100 MBq/patient) were matched into three renal function groups (no-mild/moderate-severe impairment). Split renal function parameters post 1.5-2.5 min as well as MAG3 TER were correlated with time intensity parameters retrieved using GRASP technique; 15|30 patients|kidneys were included. RESULTS Method development showed differing values for TimeCortex=Pyramid(71|75|93|122 s), SlopeTubuli(2.6|2.1|1.3|0.5 s-1) and TimeCollecting System(90|111|129|139 s) for the four renal function groups with partial significant tendencies (several p-values < 0.001). In method verification, 29/30 kidneys (96.7%) were assigned to the correct renal function group. CONCLUSION High temporal and spatial resolution GRASP MR imaging allows to identify several degrees of renal function impairment using routine clinical imaging with a high degree of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Winkel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Felix Kaul
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Theo Demerath
- Neuroradiology Clinic, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Potthast
- Department of Radiology, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Tobias J Heye
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Boll
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Szulimowska J, Zalewska A, Taranta-Janusz K, Marczuk-Kolada G, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Maciejczyk M. Association Between Salivary Cytokines, Chemokines and Growth Factors and Salivary Gland Function in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1103-1120. [PMID: 36941986 PMCID: PMC10024471 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s399786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic inflammatory disease that leads to multiple organ complications not only in the kidneys and the cardiovascular system, but also in the oral cavity. CKD children experience reduced saliva secretion (hyposalivation), which leads to increased incidence of dental caries and significant impairment of patients' quality of life. However, the causes of salivary gland dysfunction in children with CKD are unknown. The present study is the first to evaluate the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profile in the saliva of children with CKD at different stages of renal failure with normal and reduced salivary gland function. Methods Thirty children with CKD (age 9-16) and thirty age- and gender-matched healthy children were classified for the study. Salivary inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profile were assayed using the multiplex ELISA assay. Results We demonstrated statistically significant changes in salivary pro-inflammatory (↑TNF-α, ↓IL-7), anti-inflammatory (↑IL-10), Th1 (↑INF-γ, ↑IL-15), Th2 (↑IL-4, ↑IL-5, ↑IL-6, ↑IL-9) and Th17 (IL-17) cytokines as well as chemokines (↑MCP-1/CCL-2, ↑MIP-1α/CCL3, ↓MIP-1β/CCL4, ↓EOTAXIN/CCL11) and growth factors (↑G-CSF, ↑FGF) in unstimulated saliva of children with CKD compared to the controls. Although the evaluation of the salivary inflammatory profile does not indicate a particular dominance of any of the branches of the immune system, we observed a statistically significant increase in the concentration of all Th2 cytokines assayed. The multivariate regression analysis showed that the content of salivary cytokines, chemokines and growth factors depends on the secretory function of the salivary glands, ie, salivary flow, total protein concentration and amylase activity in the saliva. Salivary MIP-1α/CCL3 was the most effective to differentiate children with CKD and hyposalivation from patients with normal saliva secretion. Discussion Inflammation is involved in salivary gland dysfunction in children with CKD, although further studies on in vitro and in vivo models are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julita Szulimowska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: Mateusz Maciejczyk, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 2c Mickiewicza Street, Bialystok, 15-233, Poland, Email
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19
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Watanabe M, Hiura K, Sasaki H, Okamura T, Sasaki N. Genetic background strongly influences the transition to chronic kidney disease of adriamycin nephropathy in mice. Exp Anim 2023; 72:47-54. [PMID: 36058845 PMCID: PMC9978128 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of podocytopathy and chronic kidney diseases (CKD) help elucidate these pathologies. Adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy is a common rodent model of podocytopathy. BALB/c mice are sensitive to ADR, whereas C57BL/6 (B6) mice, the most commonly used strain, are resistant to ADR. Therefore, mouse strains with the B6 genetic background cannot be used as an ADR nephropathy model. We previously generated DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (Prkdc) mutant B6 mice (B6-PrkdcR2140C) carrying the R2140C mutation that causes ADR nephropathy. However, whether ADR nephropathy in the novel strain progresses to CKD after ADR administration has not been evaluated. Therefore, we examined whether the B6-PrkdcR2140C mice develop CKD after ADR administration. We also evaluated whether differences existed in the genetic background in ADR nephropathy by comparing the B6-PrkdcR2140C mice with BALB/c mice. Our findings demonstrated that B6-PrkdcR2140C progresses to CKD and is resistant to nephropathy compared with the BALB/c mice. The B6-PrkdcR2140C and BALB/c mice differed in the expression of genes related to inflammatory mediators, and further analysis is required to identify factors that contribute to resistance to nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi-23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Koki Hiura
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi-23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Hayato Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi-23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi-23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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20
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Hypertensive Nephropathy: Unveiling the Possible Involvement of Hemichannels and Pannexons. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415936. [PMID: 36555574 PMCID: PMC9785367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most common risk factors for developing chronic cardiovascular diseases, including hypertensive nephropathy. Within the glomerulus, hypertension causes damage and activation of mesangial cells (MCs), eliciting the production of large amounts of vasoactive and proinflammatory agents. Accordingly, the activation of AT1 receptors by the vasoactive molecule angiotensin II (AngII) contributes to the pathogenesis of renal damage, which is mediated mostly by the dysfunction of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) signaling. Similarly, inflammation entails complex processes, where [Ca2+]i also play crucial roles. Deregulation of this second messenger increases cell damage and promotes fibrosis, reduces renal blood flow, and impairs the glomerular filtration barrier. In vertebrates, [Ca2+]i signaling depends, in part, on the activity of two families of large-pore channels: hemichannels and pannexons. Interestingly, the opening of these channels depends on [Ca2+]i signaling. In this review, we propose that the opening of channels formed by connexins and/or pannexins mediated by AngII induces the ATP release to the extracellular media, with the subsequent activation of purinergic receptors. This process could elicit Ca2+ overload and constitute a feed-forward mechanism, leading to kidney damage.
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21
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Jiang S, Gu L, Hu Y, Ren Y, Yang Z, Chai C, Yu B, Ge H, Cao Z, Zhao F. Inhibition of TRPC6 suppressed TGFβ-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation in renal interstitial NRK-49F cells. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113374. [PMID: 36206825 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a global health concern with limited curative treatment. Canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6), a nonselective cation channel, has been shown to regulate the renal fibrosis in murine models. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. Fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation is one of the critical steps in the progression of renal fibrosis. In the present study, we demonstrate that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 exposure significantly increases the TRPC6 expression in renal interstitial fibroblast NRK-49F cells. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPC6 and knockdown of Trpc6 by siRNA alleviate TGF-β1-increased expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I, two key markers of myofibroblasts. Although direct activation of TRPC6 by 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) does not affect the expression of α-SMA and collagen I, OAG potentiates TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Further study demonstrates that TGF-β1 exposure increases the phosphorylation level of p38 and Yes-associated protein (YAP) translocation into the nuclei. Inhibition of p38 and YAP decreases TGF-β1-enhanced TRPC6 and α-SMA expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that TRPC6 is a key regulator of TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and provides the mechanism of how TGF-β1 exposure regulates TRPC6 expression in NRK-49F fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Lifei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Younan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chengzhi Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- Jiangsu Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225500, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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22
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Zuo Q, Wang T, Zhu L, Li X, Luo Q. A systemic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of ferumoxytol for anemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Ren Fail 2022; 44:94-102. [PMID: 35156909 PMCID: PMC8856040 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.2021237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of ferumoxytol, relative to conventional iron supplement formulations, on hemoglobin levels, ferritin level, and adverse event incidence in chronic kidney disease patients. METHODS We performed a systematic search of six academic databases (EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, PubMed, Web of sciences, and MEDLINE), adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We performed a meta-analysis on relevant studies to evaluate the overall influence of ferumoxytol, relative to conventional iron supplement formulations, on hemoglobin levels, ferritin level, and treatment related treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) incidence in chronic kidney disease patients. RESULTS Seven eligible studies were identified from a total of 1397 studies. These studies contained data on 3315 participants with chronic kidney disease (mean age: 59.2 ± 4.6 years). A meta-analysis revealed that ferumoxytol administration had positive effects on hemoglobin levels (Hedge's g statistic: 0.51) and ferritin level (0.88), transferrin saturation (0.39). Besides, we also report reduced incidence of treatment related TEAEs (-0.24) for patients consuming ferumoxytol as compared conventional iron supplement formulations. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence that ferumoxytol use exerts beneficial effects on the overall hematological outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. This study also reports improved treatment related safety profile for ferumoxytol when compared with conventional iron formulations. The findings from this study can have direct implications in forming best practice guidelines for managing anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Taizhong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Zhu
- Department of Nursing, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nursing, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Hematology, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, Chongqing, P.R. China,CONTACT Qi Luo Department of Hematology, People’s Hospital of Qijiang Distract, 1 Tuowanzhi Road, Chongqing, 401420, P.R. China
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23
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Rahman MDH, Biswas P, Dey D, Hannan MA, Sahabuddin M, Araf Y, Kwon Y, Emran TB, Ali MS, Uddin MJ. An In-Silico Identification of Potential Flavonoids against Kidney Fibrosis Targeting TGFβR-1. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1764. [PMID: 36362919 PMCID: PMC9694304 DOI: 10.3390/life12111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark of progressive kidney diseases. The overexpression of profibrotic cytokine, namely transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) due to excessive inflammation and tissue damage, induces kidney fibrosis. The inhibition of TGF-β signaling is markedly limited in experimental disease models. Targeting TGF-β signaling, therefore, offers a prospective strategy for the management of kidney fibrosis. Presently, the marketed drugs have numerous side effects, but plant-derived compounds are relatively safer and more cost-effective. In this study, TGFβR-1 was targeted to identify the lead compounds among flavonoids using various computational approaches, such as ADME/T (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/toxicity) analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. ADME/T screening identified a total of 31 flavonoids with drug-like properties of 31 compounds, a total of 5 compounds showed a higher binding affinity to TGFβR-1, with Epicatechin, Fisetin, and Luteolin ranking at the top three (-13.58, -13.17, and -10.50 kcal/mol, respectively), which are comparable to the control drug linagliptin (-9.074 kcal/mol). The compounds also exhibited outstanding protein-ligand interactions. The molecular dynamic simulations revealed a stable interaction of these compounds with the binding site of TGFβR-1. These findings indicate that flavonoids, particularly Epicatechin, Fisetin, and Luteolin, may compete with the ligand-binding site of TGFβR-1, suggesting that these compounds can be further evaluated for the development of potential therapeutics against kidney fibrosis. Further, in-vitro and in-vivo studies are recommended to support the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- MD. Hasanur Rahman
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Partha Biswas
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Dipta Dey
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sahabuddin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Yusha Araf
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sarafat Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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24
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Lan J, Zhang H, Sheng R, He Y. The impact of chronic kidney disease and dialysis therapy on outcomes of elderly patients with hip fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scott Med J 2022; 67:144-156. [PMID: 35862029 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hip fractures are a commonly occurring comorbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease. To evaluate the comparative rates of post-operative complications, revision surgery, and mortality after hip fracture surgery in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS A systematic search of the academic literature was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines across five databases: Web of Science, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and MEDLINE. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the overall comparative risks of post-operative complications in chronic kidney disease patients. RESULTS Out of 993 studies, 11 eligible studies were included in the review, with a total of 72618 chronic kidney disease patients (mean age: 75.3 ± 3.0 years), and 50566 healthy controls (75.3 ± 2.6 years). Meta-analysis revealed a higher risk of post-operative complications (Odd's ratio: 1.76), revision surgeries (1.69), and mortality-related outcomes (2.47) after hip fracture surgery in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis as compared to chronic kidney disease patients not undergoing hemodialysis. CONCLUSION We report higher risks of post-operative complications, revision surgery, and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis as compared to chronic kidney disease patients not undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lan
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Zhejiang quhua hospital, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - HuaYan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Zhejiang quhua hospital, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - RuDan Sheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Zhejiang quhua hospital, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - YuanJun He
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Zhejiang quhua hospital, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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Yue Y, Yeh JN, Chiang JY, Sung PH, Chen YL, Liu F, Yip HK. Intrarenal arterial administration of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells effectively preserved the residual renal function of diabetic kidney disease in rat. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:186. [PMID: 35526048 PMCID: PMC9080206 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This experimental study was designed as a preclinical study for testing the hypothesis that intrarenal arterial (IRA) transfusion of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUCDMSCs) therapy preserved the residual renal function of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in rat [induction by 5/6 nephrectomy of left kidney and right nephrectomy, followed by intraperitoneal administration of aminoguanidine (180 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg)]. Methods Animals (n = 24) were categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (DKD), group 3 [DKD + HUCDMSCs (2.1 × 105/IRA injection at day 28 after CKD induction)] and group 4 [(DKD + HUCDMSCs (6.3 × 105/IRA injection)]. Results By day 60 after DKD induction, the kidneys were harvested and the result showed that the creatinine level, ratio of urine protein/urine creatinine and kidney injury score were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly lower in group 4 than in group 3 (all p < 0.0001). The protein expressions of apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved PARP/mitochondrial Bax), fibrotic (TGF-ß/p-Smad3), autophagic (ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I, Atg5/Beclin-1), oxidative stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/p22phox), mitochondrial/DNA-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/γ-H2AX) and inflammatory (MMP-9/TNF-α/p-NF-κB) biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern, whereas the protein expressions of angiogenesis factors (CD31/vWF/vascularity) exhibited an opposite pattern of creatinine level among the groups (all p < 0.0001). Histopathological findings demonstrated the renal tubular-damaged (KIM-1)/kidney fibrosis area/oxidative stress (8-OHdG + cells) expressed an identical pattern, whereas the podocyte components (ZO-1/synaptopodin/podocin) exhibited an opposite pattern of creatinine level among the groups (all p < 0.0001). No tumorigenesis or immune rejection event was identified. Conclusion IRA injection of xenogeneic MSCs was safe and effectively protected the residual renal function and architectural integrity in DKD rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Yue
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jui-Ning Yeh
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Fanna Liu
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan. .,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan. .,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, 361028, Fujian, China.
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Kundu S, Hossain KS, Moni A, Zahan MS, Rahman MM, Uddin MJ. Potentials of ketogenic diet against chronic kidney diseases: pharmacological insights and therapeutic prospects. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9749-9758. [PMID: 35441940 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health concern. Nutritional interventions become a primary concern in managing various diseases, including CKD. Ketogenic diets (KD) are a popular diet and an increasingly used diet for weight loss. MAIN BODY With the increasing cases of CKD, KD has been proposed as a treatment by many scientists. Several studies have shown that KD can slow down the progression rate of renal abnormalities. Also, this diet is regarded as a safe route for managing CKD. CKD is generally associated with increased inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, autophagy dysfunction, and mitochondrial dysfunction, while all of these can be attenuated by KD. The protective effect of KD is mainly mediated through inhibition of ROS, NF-κB, and p62 signaling. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that KD could be considered a new strategy for managing and treating CKD more carefully. This review explores the potential of KD on CKD and the mechanism involved in KD-mediated kidney protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Kundu
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | | | - Akhi Moni
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sarwar Zahan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masudur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh. .,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Bassey PE, Numthavaj P, Rattanasiri S, Sritara P, McEvoy M, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Thakkinstian A. Causal association pathways between fetuin-A and kidney function: a mediation analysis. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221082874. [PMID: 35435033 PMCID: PMC9019358 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221082874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Body mass index (BMI), uric acid, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are risk factors for reduced kidney function and are associated with fetuin-A levels, but their causal pathways remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate this knowledge gap. Methods A repeated cross-sectional design was used to assess causal pathway effects of fetuin-A on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which is mediated through BMI, uric acid, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Results Among 2305 participants, the mean eGFR at baseline decreased from 98.7 ± 23.6 mL/minute/1.73 m2 in 2009 to 92.4 ± 22.9 mL/minute/1.73 m2 in 2014. Fetuin-A was significantly associated with eGFR , suggesting that increasing fetuin-A levels predict a decrease in eGFR. Additionally, the indirect effect of fetuin-A on eGFR, as assessed through BMI, was also significant. The effects of fetuin-A on eGFR through other mediation pathways showed variable results. Conclusions Our study revealed a possible role of fetuin-A in the etiology of declining renal function through mediating body mass index, uric acid, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension via complex causal pathways. Further studies to clarify these mediated effects are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Etabee Bassey
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, CRS, Nigeria
| | - Pawin Numthavaj
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Sasivimol Rattanasiri
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Piyamitr Sritara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Mark McEvoy
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Medicine and Public Health, the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
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Cao Q, Huang C, Chen XM, Pollock CA. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Toward Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:816656. [PMID: 35386912 PMCID: PMC8977463 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.816656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in global prevalence and has become a worldwide public health problem, with adverse outcomes of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. However, current treatments are limited to slowing rather than reversing disease progression or restoring functional nephrons. Hence, innovative strategies aimed at kidney tissue recovery hold promise for CKD therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are commonly used for regenerative therapy due to their potential for proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are largely mediated by paracrine secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), predominantly exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) replicate the functions of their originator MSCs via delivery of various genetic and protein cargos to target cells. More recently, MSC-Exos have also been utilized as natural carriers for targeted drug delivery. Therapeutics can be effectively incorporated into exosomes and then delivered to diseased tissue. Thus, MSC-Exos have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy in CKD. In this paper, we describe the characteristics of MSC-Exos and summarize their therapeutic efficacy in preclinical animal models of CKD. We also discuss the potential challenges and strategies in the use of MSC-Exos-based therapies for CKD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Cao
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Chunling Huang
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Proximal tubular RAGE mediated the renal fibrosis in UUO model mice via upregulation of autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:399. [PMID: 35461309 PMCID: PMC9035155 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04856-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported that RAGE participated in the process of kidney fibrosis, but the function and regulation pathway of RAGE in proximal tubular cells in this process remains unclear. Here, we found that expression of RAGE was increased by TGF-β1 treatment and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Knock down of RAGE ameliorated renal fibrosis by TGF-β1 treatment, the expression of vimentin, Collagen I&III, and fibronectin are decreased. Mechanistically, RAGE mediated TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Stat3 and directly upregulated the Atg7 to increase the level of autophagy, and ultimately resulting in renal fibrosis. Furthermore, PT-RAGE-KO mice reduced kidney fibrosis in UUO model via inhibiting Stat3/Atg7 axis by knocking down RAGE. Furthermore, the above findings were confirmed in kidney of patients with obstructive nephropathy. Collectively, RAGE in proximal tubular cells promotes the autophagy to increase renal fibrosis via upregulation of Stat3/Atg7 axis.
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Pellicer-Valero ÓJ, Massaro GA, Casanova AG, Paniagua-Sancho M, Fuentes-Calvo I, Harvat M, Martín-Guerrero JD, Martínez-Salgado C, López-Hernández FJ. Neural Network-Based Calculator for Rat Glomerular Filtration Rate. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030610. [PMID: 35327412 PMCID: PMC8945373 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular filtration is a pivotal process of renal physiology, and its alterations are a central pathological event in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Creatinine clearance (ClCr), a standard method for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement, requires a long and tedious procedure of timed (usually 24 h) urine collection. We have developed a neural network (NN)-based calculator of rat ClCr from plasma creatinine (pCr) and body weight. For this purpose, matched pCr, weight, and ClCr trios from our historical records on male Wistar rats were used. When evaluated on the training (1165 trios), validation (389), and test sets (660), the model committed an average prediction error of 0.196, 0.178, and 0.203 mL/min and had a correlation coefficient of 0.863, 0.902, and 0.856, respectively. More importantly, for all datasets, the NN seemed especially effective at comparing ClCr among groups within individual experiments, providing results that were often more congruent than those measured experimentally. ACLARA, a friendly interface for this calculator, has been made publicly available to ease and expedite experimental procedures and to enhance animal welfare in alignment with the 3Rs principles by avoiding unnecessary stressing metabolic caging for individual urine collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar J. Pellicer-Valero
- Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory (IDAL), Department Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (Ó.J.P.-V.); (M.H.); (J.D.M.-G.)
| | - Giampiero A. Massaro
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo G. Casanova
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paniagua-Sancho
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Fuentes-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mykola Harvat
- Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory (IDAL), Department Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (Ó.J.P.-V.); (M.H.); (J.D.M.-G.)
| | - José D. Martín-Guerrero
- Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory (IDAL), Department Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (Ó.J.P.-V.); (M.H.); (J.D.M.-G.)
- Disease and Theranostic Modelling Consortium (DisMOD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Disease and Theranostic Modelling Consortium (DisMOD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco J. López-Hernández
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.M.); (A.G.C.); (M.P.-S.); (I.F.-C.); (C.M.-S.)
- Departmento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Disease and Theranostic Modelling Consortium (DisMOD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), 47003 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Potential of Polyphenols to Restore SIRT1 and NAD+ Metabolism in Renal Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030653. [PMID: 35277012 PMCID: PMC8837945 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is an NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylase that is abundantly expressed in the kidney, where it modulates gene expression, apoptosis, energy homeostasis, autophagy, acute stress responses, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Alterations in SIRT1 activity and NAD+ metabolism are frequently observed in acute and chronic kidney diseases of diverse origins, including obesity and diabetes. Nevertheless, in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials with humans show that the SIRT1-activating compounds derived from natural sources, such as polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables, and plants, including resveratrol, quercetin, and isoflavones, can prevent disease and be part of treatments for a wide variety of diseases. Here, we summarize the roles of SIRT1 and NAD+ metabolism in renal pathophysiology and provide an overview of polyphenols that have the potential to restore SIRT1 and NAD+ metabolism in renal diseases.
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Hazem RM, Antar SA, Nafea YK, Al-Karmalawy AA, Saleh MA, El-Azab MF. Pirfenidone and vitamin D mitigate renal fibrosis induced by doxorubicin in mice with Ehrlich solid tumor. Life Sci 2022; 288:120185. [PMID: 34861286 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Doxorubicin is a prominent anticancer agent. However, its organotoxic potential has restricted its clinical use. The current study was performed to investigate the protective effect of pirfenidone and vitamin D against doxorubicin-triggered nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female albino mice (5 mice per group) were inoculated with Ehrlish scites carcinoma (EAC) cells for induction of solid tumor and treated with pirfenidone 500 mg/kg orally (p.o.) or vitamin D 0.5 μg/kg intraperitonially (i.p.), either individually or combined with single doxorubicin (15 mg/kg; i.p.) dose. Additionally, 5 mice were served as a normal group. Treatment commenced 7 days after inoculation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and lasted for 14 days. KEY FINDINGS Pirfenidone and vitamin D enhanced the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin, by decreasing tumor weight and volume. Doxorubicin increased kidney weights, creatinine, urea levels and collagen fibers deposition within renal tubules. Moreover, doxorubicin was associated with overexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) as both parameters assessed by kidney immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, histological signs of large areas of interistital fibrosis and cellular infiltration were significant with sole doxorubicin treatment. Notably, doxorubicin elevated both MCP1 and TGFB1 gene expression in addition to increasing the protein expression of Smad3 and Jun N-terminal Kinase-1 (JNK1) while decreasing that of Smad7. Pirfenidone in combined with vitamin D abolished doxorubicin-evoked disturbances in the aforementioned parameters and blunted all histological alterations. SIGNIFICANCE Pirfenidone and vitamin D demonstrated a viable approach to suppress the nephrotoxicity initiated by doxorubicin through inhibiting the JNK1 and MCP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Yossef K Nafea
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, the United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mona F El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Yan P, Xu Y, Miao Y, Bai X, Wu Y, Tang Q, Zhang Z, Yang J, Wan Q. Association of remnant cholesterol with chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a population-based study. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:1615-1625. [PMID: 34181081 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Limited data regarding the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), largely based on an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (low eGFR), have yielded inconsistent results, and no report has demonstrated the relationship of RC with CKD [defined as low eGFR and/or albuminuria (defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30 mg/g)] in Chinese general middle-aged and elderly population. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between RC and CKD in such population. METHODS In total, 7356 Chinese participants aged ≥ 40 years were recruited from five regional communities in Luzhou city between May 2011 and December 2011. Fasting RC was calculated from the lipid profile measured by standard laboratory procedures. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the possible association between RC and CKD. RESULTS Participants in the highest quartile of RC had higher body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting and 2-h postload blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1C, prevalence of prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, CKD, albuminuria, low eGFR, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and eGFR compared with those in the lowest quartile (all P for trend < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of CKD gradually increased across RC quartiles (P for trend < 0.01), and participants in the highest quartile of RC were at a significantly increased risk of prevalent CKD compared to those in the lowest quartile in total subjects (odds rate: 1.344, 95% confidence intervals 1.097-1.648, P < 0.01). In subgroup analysis, significant relation between RC level and increased risk of prevalent CKD was detected in women, subjects with overweight/obesity, non-prediabetes, hypertension, normal HDL-C, appropriate and high LDL-C, and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) events after multiple adjustments. CONCLUSIONS Higher RC is independently associated with increased risk of prevalent CKD, and RC might serve as a new risk biomarker for CKD in a general middle-aged and elderly Chinese population, especially in women, subjects with overweight/obesity, non-prediabetes, hypertension, normal HDL-C, appropriate and high LDL-C, and without CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuru Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiong Yang
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Kostinov MP, Akhmatova NK, Magarshak OO, Vlasenko AE, Polishchuk VB, Kostinova AM, Mashilov KV. Nonspecific Regulation of the Number of Immunocompetent Cells Under the Influence of DT Toxoid in Children With Glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:715389. [PMID: 34691025 PMCID: PMC8527030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies aimed at identifying the mechanisms of the immunoregulatory effect of vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid on the parameters of adaptive immunity in children with kidney pathology are limited. The study aimed to study the effect of revaccination against diphtheria and tetanus on the proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells, the formation of specific antibodies, and the course of the disease in children with glomerulonephritis (GN). Methods The study included 45 children with glomerulonephritis (GN) aged 5 to 15 years, in remission from 6 months up to 4 years. Of these, 25 children were revaccinated with DT toxoid (Diphtheria-Tetanus toxoid with reduced antigenic content) and 20 were in the control group (not vaccinated). The frequency of development of local and systemic reactions and the course of GN were assessed. The subpopulation structure of lymphocytes was studied in dynamics after 1-6-12 months by flow cytometry and IgG levels to diphtheria and tetanus were studied by ELISA. Results In 92% of children with GN, the post-vaccination period was uneventful. 8% showed a rise in temperature up to 37.3°C, without the development of local reactions. During the year, none of the patients had an exacerbation of GN or a concomitant disease. After revaccination with DT toxoid, a significant increase in IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus was revealed, which persisted after 12 months - 7.5 [5.1-10.8] IU/mL (p <0.001) and 7.2 [4.8-10.7] IU/mL (p <0.001), respectively. In the post-vaccination period, a multidirectional change in the concentration of T-lymphocytes was noted: with an initially increased level, their percentage after revaccination with DT toxoid decreases from 83 (81-86) % to 78 (76-80)% after a month (p = 0.04) and up to 75 (69-79)% after 12 months (p<0.001). In the control group, such a decrease was not observed. A similar picture was observed for T-helpers, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and in patients with an initially low percentage of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, on the contrary, its increase was noted (p<0.001), which is comparable with the value of this parameter in the group of children with initially normal value (H = 0.54, p = 0.76). The same patterns were observed in the change in the content of B-cells: one month after revaccination, the relative level of B-cells in patients with an initially lowered value increased (p = 0.02) and remained for 12 months (p<0.001). Conclusion Revaccination with DT toxoid in children with GN not only does not cause undesirable changes in the system of immunocompetent cells but also has an immunomodulatory effect, which contributes to the favorable maintenance of the remission period of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Petrovich Kostinov
- Department of Allergology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nelli Kimovna Akhmatova
- Department of Immunology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Olegovna Magarshak
- Department of Immunology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Egorovna Vlasenko
- Department of Medical Cybernetics and Computer Science Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians, Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Novokuznetsk, Russia
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Are Antioxidants Useful in Preventing the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111669. [PMID: 34829540 PMCID: PMC8614781 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive impairment of renal function for more than three months that affects 15% of the adult population. Because oxidative stress is involved in its pathogenesis, antioxidants are under study for the prophylaxis of CKD progression. The objective of this work was to meta-analyze the efficacy of antioxidant therapy in CKD patients and to identify the most effective candidate antioxidants. Our meta-analysis showed that, despite being quite heterogeneous, overall antioxidant therapy apparently reduced CKD progression. Pentoxifylline and bardoxolone methyl demonstrated a robust and statistically significant protection, while other products showed a favorable but non-significant tendency, due to a high interindividual variability. Off-target (i.e., antioxidant-independent) effects, such as body weight reduction and heart failure-associated blood dilution, might totally or partially explain the protection provided by effective antioxidants. This potential pleiotropy introduces uncertainty on the role of oxidative stress in CKD progression and on antioxidant therapy in its prevention, which needs to be further investigated. Independently, identification of factors determining the nephroprotective effect of each candidate on each patient is thus necessary for a prospectively personalized antioxidant therapy. Finally, pentoxifylline should be further explored for the prophylaxis of CKD progression.
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Saracyn M, Kisiel B, Franaszczyk M, Brodowska-Kania D, Żmudzki W, Małecki R, Niemczyk L, Dyrla P, Kamiński G, Płoski R, Niemczyk S. Diabetic kidney disease: Are the reported associations with single-nucleotide polymorphisms disease-specific? World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1765-1777. [PMID: 34754377 PMCID: PMC8554375 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i10.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic backgrounds of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have not been fully elucidated. AIM To examine the individual and cumulative effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with DKD on the risk for ESKD of diabetic etiology and to determine if any associations observed were specific for DKD. METHODS Fourteen SNPs were genotyped in hemodialyzed 136 patients with diabetic ESKD (DKD group) and 121 patients with non-diabetic ESKD (NDKD group). Patients were also re-classified on the basis of the primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The distribution of alleles was compared between diabetic and non-diabetic groups as well as between different sub-phenotypes. The weighted multilocus genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated to estimate the cumulative risk conferred by all SNPs. The GRS distribution was then compared between the DKD and NDKD groups as well as in the groups according to the primary cause of CKD. RESULTS One SNP (rs841853; SLC2A1) showed a nominal association with DKD (P = 0.048; P > 0.05 after Bonferroni correction). The GRS was higher in the DKD group (0.615 ± 0.260) than in the NDKD group (0.590 ± 0.253), but the difference was not significant (P = 0.46). The analysis of associations between GRS and individual factors did not show any significant correlation. However, the GRS was significantly higher in patients with glomerular disease than in those with tubulointerstitial disease (P = 0.014) and in those with a combined group (tubulointerstitial, vascular, and cystic and congenital disease) (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that selected SNPs that were previously associated with DKD may not be specific for DKD and may confer risk for CKD of different etiology, particularly those affecting renal glomeruli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Saracyn
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Isotope Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Kisiel
- Clinical Research Support Center, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Maria Franaszczyk
- Department of Medical Biology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw 04-628, Poland
| | - Dorota Brodowska-Kania
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Isotope Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Wawrzyniec Żmudzki
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Robert Małecki
- Department of Nephrology, Międzyleski Specialist Hospital in Warsaw, Warsaw 04-749, Poland
| | - Longin Niemczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Diseases, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Przemysław Dyrla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kamiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Isotope Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Stanisław Niemczyk
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
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Yan P, Xu Y, Miao Y, Tang Q, Wu Y, Bai X, Zhang Z, Li Q, Wan Q. Association of lipid accumulation product with chronic kidney disease in Chinese community adults: a report from the REACTION study. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:131. [PMID: 34627270 PMCID: PMC8502407 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Limited studies regarding the correlation of lipid accumulation product (LAP) with a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have yielded conflicting findings, and no report has demonstrated the relationship of LAP with chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as the presence of albuminuria and/or a decreased eGFR. The purpose of this study was to estimate the possible correlation of LAP with CKD prevalence in Chinese community adults. Method In this cross-sectional study, LAP level of 7202 participants (age ≥ 40 years) was determined, and its possible association with CKD was evaluated by a multiple logistic regression model. Results Compared with subjects with non-CKD, non-albuminuria, and high eGFR, LAP levels significantly increased in female not male subjects with CKD, albuminuria, and low eGFR, respectively (all P < 0.001). The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that LAP level of female not male subjects were significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of CKD (P < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of CKD prevalence in female not male subjects progressively increased across LAP quartiles (P for trend < 0.01), and the risk of CKD prevalence of subjects in Q4 significantly increased compared to those in Q1 after adjustment for potential confounding factors in Models 4 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.382, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.002–1.906, P < 0.05). Stratified analysis revealed positive associations of LAP quartiles with risk of CKD prevalence in people with the following characteristics: women, older, overweight, with hypertension, normal glucose tolerance, appropriate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nonsmokers, nondrinkers, and no cardiovascular disease events. Conclusions High LAP levels might be significantly associated with risk of CKD prevalence in community-dwelling Chinese female adults, which may inform both public health recommendations and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuru Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Lived Experiences of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Hemodialysis in Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Int J Nephrol 2021; 2021:6637272. [PMID: 34484835 PMCID: PMC8410445 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6637272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic kidney disease is a challenging disease and global public health problem. The burden of chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis is increasing in Ethiopia, but few studies explored the lived experiences of chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis. This study explored the lived experiences of chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis, in the Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods A phenomenological study design was conducted with 12 chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis between September 1 and October 30, 2019. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants, and a semistructured in-depth interview guide was used to collect the data. The investigators audio-taped the interviews and then transcribed them verbatim. Finally, the transcribed data were imported to Atlas.ti™-7 software for coding, and then, thematic analysis was done. Transferability, dependability, credibility, and conformability were embedded to ensure data quality. Results In this study, six major themes were emerged: (1) the seriousness of the disease, (2) challenges to get hemodialysis, (3) financial constraint, (4) restricted life, (5) feeling of dependency, and (6) psychological impacts. Conclusion The restrictive nature of the disease affects a participant's financial status which makes it challenging to obtain the service and increases feelings of dependency. These circumstances impact the psychology of the participants. We would recommend that every patient with hemodialysis needs social and psychological support. We would also recommend the need to extend the study to other areas of the country to confirm or disconfirm the findings.
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Liu D, Du Y, Jin FY, Xu XL, Du YZ. Renal Cell-Targeted Drug Delivery Strategy for Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Mini-Review. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3206-3222. [PMID: 34337953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), have become a global public health concern associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, at present, very few effective and specific drug therapies are available, owing to the poor therapeutic efficacy and systemic side effects. Kidney-targeted drug delivery, as a potential strategy for solving these problems, has received great attention in the fields of AKI and CKD in recent years. Here, we review the literature on renal targeted, more specifically, renal cell-targeted formulations of AKI and CKD that offered biodistribution data. First, we provide a broad overview of the unique structural characteristics and injured cells of acute and chronic injured kidneys. We then separately summarize literature examples of renal targeted formulations according to the difference of target cells and elaborate on the appropriate formulation design criteria for AKI and CKD. Finally, we propose a hypothetic strategy to improve the renal accumulation of glomerular cell-targeted formulation by escaping the uptake of the reticuloendothelial system and provide some perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Lagoutte P, Bettler E, Vadon-Le Goff S, Moali C. Procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1), a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 11:100062. [PMID: 34435180 PMCID: PMC8377038 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct balance between collagen synthesis and degradation is essential for almost every aspect of life, from development to healthy aging, reproduction and wound healing. When this balance is compromised by external or internal stress signals, it very often leads to disease as is the case in fibrotic conditions. Fibrosis occurs in the context of defective tissue repair and is characterized by the excessive, aberrant and debilitating deposition of fibril-forming collagens. Therefore, the numerous proteins involved in the biosynthesis of fibrillar collagens represent a potential and still underexploited source of therapeutic targets to prevent fibrosis. One such target is procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1) which has the unique ability to accelerate procollagen maturation by BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases (BTPs) and contributes to trigger collagen fibrillogenesis, without interfering with other BTP functions or the activities of other extracellular metalloproteinases. This role is achieved through a fine-tuned mechanism of action that is close to being elucidated and offers promising perspectives for drug design. Finally, the in vivo data accumulated in recent years also confirm that PCPE-1 overexpression is a general feature and early marker of fibrosis. In this review, we describe the results which presently support the driving role of PCPE-1 in fibrosis and discuss the questions that remain to be solved to validate its use as a biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Key Words
- ADAMTS, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
- AS, aortic valve stenosis
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- Biomarker
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- CP, C-propeptide
- CUB, complement, Uegf, BMP-1
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Collagen
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- Fibrillogenesis
- Fibrosis
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- HTS, hypertrophic scar
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NTR, netrin
- OPMD, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
- PABPN1, poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1
- PCP, procollagen C-proteinase
- PCPE, procollagen C-proteinase enhancer
- PNP, procollagen N-proteinase
- Proteolysis
- SPC, subtilisin proprotein convertase
- TGF-β, transforming growth-factor β
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- TSPN, thrombospondin-like N-terminal
- Therapeutic target
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
- mTLD, mammalian tolloid
- mTLL, mammalian tolloid-like
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscillia Lagoutte
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bettler
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Moali
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
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41
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Extracellular Vesicles in Organ Fibrosis: Mechanisms, Therapies, and Diagnostics. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071596. [PMID: 34202136 PMCID: PMC8305303 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the unrelenting deposition of excessively large amounts of insoluble interstitial collagen due to profound matrigenic activities of wound-associated myofibroblasts during chronic injury in diverse tissues and organs. It is a highly debilitating pathology that affects millions of people globally and leads to decreased function of vital organs and increased risk of cancer and end-stage organ disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced within the chronic wound environment have emerged as important vehicles for conveying pro-fibrotic signals between many of the cell types involved in driving the fibrotic response. On the other hand, EVs from sources such as stem cells, uninjured parenchymal cells, and circulation have in vitro and in vivo anti-fibrotic activities that have provided novel and much-needed therapeutic options. Finally, EVs in body fluids of fibrotic individuals contain cargo components that may have utility as fibrosis biomarkers, which could circumvent current obstacles to fibrosis measurement in the clinic, allowing fibrosis stage, progression, or regression to be determined in a manner that is accurate, safe, minimally-invasive, and conducive to repetitive testing. This review highlights the rapid and recent progress in our understanding of EV-mediated fibrotic pathogenesis, anti-fibrotic therapy, and fibrosis staging in the lung, kidney, heart, liver, pancreas, and skin.
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42
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Watanabe M, Takahashi Y, Hiura K, Nakano K, Okamura T, Sasaki H, Sasaki N. A single amino acid substitution in PRKDC is a determinant of sensitivity to Adriamycin-induced renal injury in mouse. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:121-126. [PMID: 33839407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy is frequently utilized in rodent models of podocytopathy. However, the application of this model in mice is limited to a few strains, such as BALB/c mice. The most commonly used mouse strain, C57BL/6 (B6), is resistant to ADR-induced nephropathy, as are all mouse strains with a B6 genetic background. Reportedly, the R2140C variant of the Prkdc gene is the cause of susceptibility to ADR-induced nephropathy in mice. To verify this hypothesis, we produced Prkdc mutant B6 mice, termed B6-PrkdcR2140C, that possess the R2140C mutation. After administration of ADR, B6-PrkdcR2140C mice exhibited massive proteinuria and glomerular and renal tubular injuries. In addition, there was no significant difference in the severity between B6-PrkdcR2140C and BALB/c. These findings demonstrated that B6-PrkdcR2140C show ADR-induced nephropathy susceptibility at a similar level to BALB/c, and that the PRKDC R2140C variant causes susceptibility to ADR-induced nephropathy. In future studies, ADR-induced nephropathy may become applicable to various kinds of genetically modified mice with a B6 background by mating with B6-PrkdcR2140C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Koki Hiura
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakano
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Section of Animal Models, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Section of Animal Models, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hayato Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan.
| | - Nobuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan.
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43
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Kanemitsu N, Kiyonaga F, Mizukami K, Maeno K, Nishikubo T, Yoshida H, Ito H. Chronic treatment with the (iso-)glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor PQ529 is a novel and effective approach for glomerulonephritis in chronic kidney disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:751-761. [PMID: 33159802 PMCID: PMC8007495 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glomeruli and renal tubule injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is reported to involve induction of macrophage activation through the CCL2/CCR2 axis. The effects of inhibitors of the CCL2/CCR2 axis, such as anti-CCL2 antibody and CCR2 antagonist, on kidney function in animal models or humans with kidney dysfunction have been demonstrated. The N-terminal glutamine on immature CCL2 is replaced with pyroglutamate (pE) by glutaminyl cyclase (QC) and isoQC. pE-CCL2 is stable and resistant to peptidases. We hypothesized that inhibiting QC/isoQC activity would lead to the degradation of CCL2, thereby ameliorating CKD and reducing kidney inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the renoprotective properties of the QC/isoQC inhibitor PQ529 in anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody-induced glomerulonephritis Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Three-week repeated administration of PQ529 (30 and 100 mg/kg, twice daily) significantly reduced the serum and urine CCL2 and urinary protein excretion in a dose-dependent manner. Correlations between the urinary protein level and serum or urinary CCL2 levels were confirmed in tested animals. Repeated administration of PQ529 significantly reduced the expression of CD68, a macrophage marker, in the kidney cortex and mononuclear infiltration into the tubulointerstitium. In addition, decreased levels of urinary KIM-1, β2 microglobulin, and clusterin were detected, suggesting the inhibition of inflammation in both the proximal and distal tubules. These results suggest that PQ529 suppresses the progression of inflammation-induced renal dysfunction by inhibiting the CCL2/CCR2 axis. Inhibition of QC/isoQC may thus be a viable alternative therapeutic approach for treating glomerulonephritis and CKD patients.
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MESH Headings
- Aminoacyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacokinetics
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/urine
- Chemokine CCL2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CCL2/blood
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL2/urine
- Clusterin/urine
- Glomerulonephritis/blood
- Glomerulonephritis/drug therapy
- Glomerulonephritis/metabolism
- Glomerulonephritis/urine
- Imidazolines/pharmacokinetics
- Imidazolines/pharmacology
- Imidazolines/therapeutic use
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/metabolism
- Male
- Protective Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/urine
- beta 2-Microglobulin/urine
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotoshi Kanemitsu
- Development, Astellas Pharma Inc., 2-5-1, Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8411, Japan.
| | - Fumiko Kiyonaga
- Corporate Advocacy, Astellas Pharma Inc., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8411, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mizukami
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Maeno
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikubo
- Astellas Innovation Management LLC, 1030 Massachusetts Ave. Suite 310, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
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44
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Zhou J, Li R, Zhang J, Liu Q, Wu T, Tang Q, Huang C, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Huang H, Zhang G, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Mo L, Li Y, He J. Targeting Interstitial Myofibroblast-Expressed Integrin αvβ3 Alleviates Renal Fibrosis. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1373-1385. [PMID: 33544609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final manifestation of various chronic kidney diseases. Interstitial myofibroblasts, which are reported to highly express integrin αvβ3, are the effector cells in renal fibrogenesis. Since current therapies do not efficiently target these cells, there is no effective therapeutic method for preventing or mitigating the disease. Here, we modified sterically stable PEGylated liposomes with the pentapeptide cRGDfC (RGD-Lip), which has a high affinity for αvβ3, to specifically deliver drug to renal interstitial myofibroblasts. Our results showed that attaching cRGDfC to liposomes significantly increased their uptake by activated renal fibroblasts NRK-49F cells, and this effect was greatly abolished by adding excess-free cRGDfC or a knockdown of αvβ3. Systemic administration of RGD-Lip gave rise to significant accumulation in a fibrotic kidney, which is ascribed to the specific recognition with integrin αvβ3 on interstitial myofibroblasts. When loaded with celastrol, RGD-guided liposomes dramatically depressed the proliferation and activation of NRK-49F cells in vitro. Additionally, celastrol-loaded RGD-Lip markedly attenuated renal fibrosis, injury, and inflammation induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice, without inducing significant systemic toxicity. Thus, this liposomal system shows great promise for delivering therapeutic agents to interstitial myofibroblasts for renal fibrosis treatment with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinhang Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cuiyuan Huang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijing Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guorong Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingnan Zhao
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Mo
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinhan He
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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45
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Wunderlich LCS, Ströhl F, Ströhl S, Vanderpoorten O, Mascheroni L, Kaminski CF. Superresolving the kidney-a practical comparison of fluorescence nanoscopy of the glomerular filtration barrier. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1203-1214. [PMID: 33277998 PMCID: PMC7813708 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immunofluorescence microscopy is routinely used in the diagnosis of and research on renal impairments. However, this highly specific technique is restricted in its maximum resolution to about 250 nm in the lateral and 700 nm in the axial directions and thus not sufficient to investigate the fine subcellular structure of the kidney's glomerular filtration barrier. In contrast, electron microscopy offers high resolution, but this comes at the cost of poor preservation of immunogenic epitopes and antibody penetration alongside a low throughput. Many of these drawbacks were overcome with the advent of super-resolution microscopy methods. So far, four different super-resolution approaches have been used to study the kidney: single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, structured illumination microscopy (SIM), and expansion microscopy (ExM), however, using different preservation methods and widely varying labelling strategies. In this work, all four methods were applied and critically compared on kidney slices obtained from samples treated with the most commonly used preservation technique: fixation by formalin and embedding in paraffin (FFPE). Strengths and weaknesses, as well as the practicalities of each method, are discussed to enable users of super-resolution microscopy in renal research make an informed decision on the best choice of technique. The methods discussed enable the efficient investigation of biopsies stored in kidney banks around the world. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia C S Wunderlich
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Florian Ströhl
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stefan Ströhl
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Vanderpoorten
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Luca Mascheroni
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Clemens F Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
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Xu R, Chen MY, Liang W, Chen Y, Guo MY. Zinc Deficiency Aggravation of ROS and Inflammatory Injury Leading to Renal Fibrosis in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:622-632. [PMID: 32394356 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a trace element with a variety of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Zn deficiency is related to tissue fibrosis. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Zn on renal fibrosis. Mouse models were successfully established by feeding mice diets with different concentrations of Zn. Zn deficiency induced a decrease in Zn levels in kidney tissue. The results also revealed renal vasodilation, hyperemia, and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen were increased. Furthermore, the TUNEL results showed a large degree of renal cell necrosis caused by Zn deficiency. Meanwhile, the corresponding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory regulators (MT-1, MT-2, Nrf2, and TGF-β1) were detected by RT-PCR, showing that the expression of MT-1, MT-2, and Nrf2 decreased but that TGF-β1 expression increased. The results of Sirius red staining proved that the expression of collagen was increased by Zn deficiency. The immunohistochemical experiments found that the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) increased. ELISA showed that the expression of Collagen I, III, and IV; fibronectin (FN); and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) were remarkably increased. The expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-12, and TIMP-1, which are extracellular matrix-regulating molecules, was detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that the expression of TIMPs was increased but that the expression of MMPs was decreased. We also obtained consistent results in vivo. All the experimental results indicated that Zn deficiency could aggravate fibrosis by increasing inflammation in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Liang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Mitchell SM, White AM, Campbell DH, Chung A, Chutkan N. Inpatient Outcomes in Dialysis Dependent Patients Undergoing Elective Cervical Spine Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Conditions. Global Spine J 2020; 10:856-862. [PMID: 32905731 PMCID: PMC7485067 DOI: 10.1177/2192568219883257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate inpatient outcomes in dialysis dependent patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery. METHODS A total of 1605 dialysis dependent patients undergoing elective primary or revision cervical spine surgery for degenerative conditions were identified from the National Inpatient sample from 2002 to 2012 and compared to 1 450 642 nondialysis-dependent patients undergoing the same procedures. The National Inpatient Sample is a de-identified database; thus, no institutional review board approval was needed. RESULTS Dialysis dependence was associated with higher inpatient mortality rates (7.5% vs 1.9%; P < .001) as well as both major (17.3% vs 0.6%; P < .001) and minor (36.8% vs 10.5%; P < .001) complication rates as compared with nondialysis-dependent patients. Dialysis-dependent patients had substantially increased mean lengths of stay (9.8 days compared with 2.0 days; P < .001) and total hospital charges ($141 790 compared with $46 562; P < .001). CONCLUSION Dialysis-dependence is associated with drastically increased complication rates, risk of mortality, and represent a significant financial and psychosocial burden to patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery. Both surgeons and patients should be aware of these risks while planning elective surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony M. White
- University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ,Anthony M. White, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arizona, 1320 North 10th Street, Suite A, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA.
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The role of protein arginine methyltransferases in kidney diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:2037-2051. [PMID: 32766778 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The methylation of arginine residues by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is a crucial post-translational modification for many biological processes, including DNA repair, RNA processing, and transduction of intra- and extracellular signaling. Previous studies have reported that PRMTs are extensively involved in various pathologic states, including cancer, inflammation, and oxidative stress reaction. However, the role of PRMTs has not been well described in kidney diseases. Recent studies have shown that aberrant function of PRMTs and its metabolic products-symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)-are involved in several renal pathological processes, including renal fibrosis, acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic nephropathy (DN), hypertension, graft rejection and renal tumors. We aim in this review to elucidate the possible roles of PRMTs in normal renal function and various kidney diseases.
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Moon SJ, Kim JH, Choi YK, Lee CH, Hwang JH. Ablation of Gadd45β ameliorates the inflammation and renal fibrosis caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8814-8825. [PMID: 32570293 PMCID: PMC7412396 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth arrest and DNA damage‐inducible beta (Gadd45β) protein have been associated with various cellular functions, but its role in progressive renal disease is currently unknown. Here, we examined the effect of Gadd45β deletion on cell proliferation and apoptosis, inflammation, and renal fibrosis in an early chronic kidney disease (CKD) mouse model following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Wild‐type (WT) and Gadd45β‐knockout (KO) mice underwent either a sham operation or UUO and the kidneys were sampled eight days later. A histological assay revealed that ablation of Gadd45β ameliorated UUO‐induced renal injury. Cell proliferation was higher in Gadd45β KO mouse kidneys, but apoptosis was similar in both genotypes after UUO. Expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines after UUO was down‐regulated in the kidneys from Gadd45β KO mice, whereas UUO‐mediated immune cell infiltration remained unchanged. The expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS stimulation decreased in bone marrow‐derived macrophages from Gadd45β KO mice compared with that in WT mice. Importantly, UUO‐induced renal fibrosis was ameliorated in Gadd45β KO mice unlike in WT mice. Gadd45β was involved in TGF‐β signalling pathway regulation in kidney fibroblasts. Our findings demonstrate that Gadd45β plays a crucial role in renal injury and may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Je Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Keun Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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50
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Wada Y, Kondo M, Sakairi K, Nagashima A, Tokita K, Tominaga H, Tomiyama H, Ishikawa T. Renoprotective Effects of a Novel Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 Inhibitor, AS3334034, in Uninephrectomized Adriamycin-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:428-437. [PMID: 32561685 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.265678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal inflammation is a final common pathway of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its progression can be used to effectively gauge the degree of renal dysfunction. Inflammatory mechanisms contribute to glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which are hallmarks of CKD leading to end-stage renal disease. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2) is largely committed to nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain signaling as a direct effector and transmits nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production. In the present study, we hypothesized that if inflammation via RIP2 and NF-κB signaling plays an important role in renal failure, then the anti-inflammatory effect of RIP2 inhibitors should be effective in improving CKD. To determine its pharmacologic potency, we investigated the renoprotective properties of the novel RIP2 inhibitor AS3334034 [7-methoxy-6-(2-methylpropane-2-sulfonyl)-N-(4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)quinolin-4-amine] in uninephrectomized adriamycin-induced CKD rats. Six weeks' repeated administration of AS3334034 (10 mg/kg, once daily) significantly reduced urinary protein excretion and prevented the development of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In addition, AS3334034 showed beneficial effects on renal function, as demonstrated by a decrease in levels of plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and attenuation of a decline in creatinine clearance. Furthermore, AS3334034 significantly attenuated inflammation, renal apoptosis, and glomerular podocyte loss. These results suggest that the RIP2 inhibitor AS3334034 suppresses the progression of chronic renal failure via an anti-inflammatory effect and is therefore potentially useful in treating patients with CKD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2) inhibitor AS3334034 suppresses the progression of chronic renal failure via an anti-inflammatory effect, suggesting that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-RIP2 axis might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory kidney diseases. AS3334034 is expected to be potentially useful in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Wada
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Mitsuhiro Kondo
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Kumi Sakairi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Akira Nagashima
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Kenichi Tokita
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Hiroaki Tominaga
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Hiroshi Tomiyama
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
| | - Tomohisa Ishikawa
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Y.W., M.K., K.S., A.N., K.T., H.T.); Research and Development Department, Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan (H.T.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.W., T.I.)
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