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Dai YJ, Tang HD, Jiang GQ, Xu ZY. The immunological landscape and silico analysis of key paraptosis regulator LPAR1 in gastric cancer patients. Transl Oncol 2024; 49:102110. [PMID: 39182362 PMCID: PMC11388017 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify key regulators of paraptosis in gastric cancer (GC) and explore their potential in guiding therapeutic strategies, especially in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Genes associated with paraptosis were identified from the references and subjected to Cox regression analysis in the TCGA-STAD cohort. Using machine learning models, LPAR1 consistently ranked highest in feature importance. Multiple sequencing data showed that LPAR1 was significantly overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). LPAR1 expression was significantly higher in normal tissues, and ROC analysis demonstrated its discriminative ability. Copy number alterations and microsatellite instability were significantly associated with LPAR1 expression. High LPAR1 expression correlated with advanced tumor grades and specific cancer immune subtypes, and multivariate analysis confirmed LPAR1 as an independent predictor of poor prognosis. LPAR1 expression was associated with different immune response metrics, including immune effector activation and upregulated chemokine secretion. High LPAR1 expression also correlated with increased sensitivity to compounds, such as BET bromodomain inhibitors I-BET151 and RITA, suggesting LPAR1 as a biomarker for predicting drug activity. FOXP2 showed a strong positive correlation with LPAR1 transcriptional regulation, while increased methylation of LPAR1 promoter regions was negatively correlated with gene expression. Knockdown of LPAR1 affected cell growth in most tumor cell lines, and in vitro experiments demonstrated that LPAR1 influenced extracellular matrix (ECM) contraction and cell viability in the paraptosis of CAFs. These findings suggest that LPAR1 is a critical regulator of paraptosis in GC and a potential biomarker for drug sensitivity and immunotherapy response. This underscores the role of CAFs in mediating tumorigenic effects and suggests that targeting LPAR1 could be a promising strategy for precision medicine in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
| | - Hao-Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Guang-Qing Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Zhai-Yue Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
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2
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Wang J, Cao M, Han L, Shangguan P, Liu Y, Zhong Y, Chen C, Wang G, Chen X, Lin M, Lu M, Luo Z, He M, Sung HHY, Niu G, Lam JWY, Shi B, Tang BZ. Blood-Brain Barrier-Penetrative Fluorescent Anticancer Agents Triggering Paraptosis and Ferroptosis for Glioblastoma Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:28783-28794. [PMID: 39394087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Currently used drugs for glioblastoma (GBM) treatments are ineffective, primarily due to the significant challenges posed by strong drug resistance, poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and the lack of tumor specificity. Here, we report two cationic fluorescent anticancer agents (TriPEX-ClO4 and TriPEX-PF6) capable of BBB penetration for efficient GBM therapy via paraptosis and ferroptosis induction. These aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active agents specifically target mitochondria, effectively triggering ATF4/JNK/Alix-regulated paraptosis and GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. Specifically, they rapidly induce substantial mitochondria-derived vacuolation, accompanied by reactive oxygen species generation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular Ca2+ overload, thereby disrupting metabolisms and inducing nonapoptotic cell death. In vivo imaging revealed that TriPEX-ClO4 and TriPEX-PF6 successfully traversed the BBB to target orthotopic glioma and initiated effective synergistic therapy postintravenous injection. Our AIE drugs emerged as the pioneering paraptosis inducers against drug-resistant GBM, significantly extending survival up to 40 days compared to Temozolomide (20 days) in drug-resistant GBM-bearing mice. These compelling results open up new venues for the development of fluorescent anticancer drugs and innovative treatments for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefei Wang
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Han
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ping Shangguan
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yisheng Liu
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ming Lin
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mengya Lu
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhengqun Luo
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mu He
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Guangle Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Zhang DJ, Yuan ZQ, Yue YX, Zhang M, Wu WJ, Yang CG, Qiu WW. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of heterocyclic ring-fused 20(S)-protopanaxadiol derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 112:117901. [PMID: 39232465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are becoming a life-threatening issue in public health; therefore, it is urgent to develop novel antibacterial agents for treating infections caused by MDR bacteria. The 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) derivative 9 was identified as a novel antibacterial hit compound in screening of our small synthetic natural product-like (NPL) library. A series of novel PPD derivatives with heterocyclic rings fused at the C-2 and C-3 positions of the A-ring were synthesized and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Newman strain and MDR S. aureus strains (USA300, NRS-1, NRS-70, NRS-100, NRS-108, NRS-271, XJ017, and XJ036) were evaluated. Among these compounds, quinoxaline derivative 56 (SH617) exhibited the highest activity with MICs of 0.5-4 μg/mL against the S. aureus Newman strain and the eight MDR S. aureus strains. Its antibacterial activity was comparable to that of the positive control, vancomycin. In the zebrafish, 56 revealed no obvious toxicity even at a high administered dose. In vivo, following a lethal infection induced by USA300 strains in zebrafish, 56 exhibited significantly increased survival rates in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zi-Qi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-Xin Yue
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Wen-Juan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Cai-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Centre for Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China.
| | - Wen-Wei Qiu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Zhang C, Xu H, Tang Q, Duan Y, Xia H, Huang H, Ye D, Bi F. CaMKII suppresses proteotoxicity by phosphorylating BAG3 in response to proteasomal dysfunction. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:4488-4514. [PMID: 39261742 PMCID: PMC11466968 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control serves as the primary defense mechanism for cells against proteotoxicity induced by proteasome dysfunction. While cells can limit the build-up of ubiquitinated misfolded proteins during proteasome inhibition, the precise mechanism is unclear. Here, we find that protein kinase Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) maintains proteostasis during proteasome inhibition. We show that proteasome inhibition activates CaMKII, which phosphorylates B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) at residues S173, S377, and S386. Phosphorylated BAG3 activates the heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI)- eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) signaling pathway, suppressing protein synthesis and the production of aggregated ubiquitinated misfolded proteins, ultimately mitigating the proteotoxic crisis. Inhibition of CaMKII exacerbates the accumulation of aggregated misfolded proteins and paraptosis induced by proteasome inhibitors. Based on these findings, we validate that combined targeting of proteasome and CaMKII accelerates tumor cell death and enhances the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in tumor treatment. Our data unveil a new proteasomal inhibition-induced misfolded protein quality control mechanism and propose a novel therapeutic intervention for proteasome inhibitor-mediated tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Zhang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huanji Xu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yichun Duan
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huixi Huang
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Di Ye
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Feng Bi
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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5
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de la Harpe A, Beukes N, Frost C. Mitochondrial calcium overload contributes to cannabinoid-induced paraptosis in hormone-responsive breast cancer cells. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13650. [PMID: 38721827 PMCID: PMC11471428 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that natural products can induce paraptosis in tumour cell lines. Paraptosis is characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation arising from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. The mechanism of paraptosis is unclear; however, dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is believed to affect paraptosis induction. This study investigated the mechanism of cell death induced by a phytocannabinoid ratio in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. The crystal violet assay was used to detect changes in viability and morphology changes were investigated using light and transmission electron microscopy. Various inhibitors, fluorescent staining with high-content screening, and Western blot analysis were used to investigate different cell death mechanisms. The phytocannabinoid ratio induced significant cell death and cytoplasmic vacuolation in MCF7 cells; however, no apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, or ferroptosis was detected. Vacuolation induced by phytocannabinoid treatment was inhibited by cycloheximide, suggesting paraptosis induction. The mechanism of paraptosis induction was investigated, and it was found that treatment (1) induced ER dilation and mitochondrial swelling, (2) induced significant ER stress and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and dysfunction, which appeared to be mediated by the voltage-dependent anion channel, and (3) significantly impaired all mitochondrial metabolic pathways. The data demonstrated that paraptosis induced by the cannabinoid ratio was mediated by Ca2+ flux from the ER to the mitochondria. These findings highlight a novel mechanism of cannabinoid-induced cell death and emphasize the anti-cancer potential of cannabinoid ratios, which exhibited enhanced effects compared to individual cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. de la Harpe
- Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyNelson Mandela UniversityPort ElizabethSouth Africa
| | - N. Beukes
- Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyNelson Mandela UniversityPort ElizabethSouth Africa
| | - C. Frost
- Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyNelson Mandela UniversityPort ElizabethSouth Africa
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Jung YY, Son NT, Mohan CD, Bastos JK, Luyen ND, Huong LM, Ahn KS. Kaempferide triggers apoptosis and paraptosis in pancreatic tumor cells by modulating the ROS production, SHP-1 expression, and the STAT3 pathway. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:745-759. [PMID: 38708996 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest diseases with a poor prognosis and a five-survival rate. The STAT3 pathway is hyperactivated which contributes to the sustained proliferative signals in pancreatic cancer cells. We have isolated kaempferide (KF), an O-methylated flavonol, from the green propolis of Mimosa tenuiflora and examined its effect on two forms of cell death namely, apoptosis and paraptosis. KF significantly increased the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP. It also downmodulated the expression of Alix (an intracellular inhibitor of paraptosis) and increased the expression of CHOP and ATF4 (transcription factors that promote paraptosis) indicating that KF promotes apoptosis as well as paraptosis. KF also increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) suggesting the perturbance of the redox state. N-acetylcysteine reverted the apoptosis- and paraptosis-inducing effects of KF. Some ROS inducers are known to suppress the STAT3 pathway and investigation revealed that KF downmodulates STAT3 and its upstream kinases (JAK1, JAK2, and Src). Additionally, KF also elevated the expression of SHP-1, a tyrosine phosphatase which is involved in the negative modulation of the STAT3 pathway. Knockdown of SHP-1 prevented KF-driven STAT3 inhibition. Altogether, KF has been identified as a promoter of apoptosis and paraptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through the elevation of ROS generation and SHP-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Nguyen Dinh Luyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Mai Huong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung YY, Baek SH, Um JY, Ahn KS. Fangchinoline targets human renal cell carcinoma cells through modulation of apoptotic and non‑apoptotic cell deaths. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155445. [PMID: 38996614 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The process of apoptosis is one of the essential processes involved in maintenance of homeostasis in the human body. It can aid to remove misfolded proteins or cellular organelles. This sequence is especially necessary in cancer cells. However, specifically targeting already apoptotic pathways can induce drug resistance in cancer cells and hence drugs can induce cell death by alternative mechanism. We investigated whether fangchinoline (FCN) can target renal carcinoma cells by inducing multiple cell death mechanisms. Both paraptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis were induced by FCN through stimulation of diverse molecular signaling pathways. FCN induced ROS production with GSH/GSSG imbalance, and ER stress. In addition, formation of autophagosome and autophagy related markers were stimulated by FCN. Moreover, FCN induced cell cycle arrest and PARP cleavage. Except for blocking protein synthesis, these three cell death pathways were found to be complementarily working together with each other. FCN also exhibited synergistic effects with paclitaxel in inducing programmed cell death in RCC cells. Our data indicates that FCN could induce apoptotic cell death and non-apoptotic cell death pathways and can be con-tribute to development of novel cancer prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea.
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Geng Y, Xia W, Zheng X, Chen L, Zhou Y, Feng J, Yuan Y, Zhang M, Lu J, Wei S, Hu W. Targeted delivery of FAK siRNA by engineered exosomes to reverse cetuximab resistance via activating paraptosis in colon cancer. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01986-x. [PMID: 38960944 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cetuximab is extensively used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, resistance poses a significant challenge to successful therapy. Recently, paraptosis, a non-classical programmed cell death, has garnered increased attention for its potential application value in antitumor treatments. We aimed to identify the essential pathways and signaling molecules involved in paraptosis inhibition and select them as therapeutic targets in cetuximab resistance. Additionally, engineered exosome technology is used as a drug delivery system with both targeted and effector properties. RESULTS By comparing the differential expression of paraptosis-related genes between drug-resistant colon cancer cells and sensitive cells, it was observed that the paraptosis level induced by cetuximab was significantly downregulated in drug-resistant cells. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway as a key pathway involved in the suppression of paraptosis. The biological function of FAK in cetuximab-resistant cells was investigated through cell morphology observation, CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, RT-qPCR, Western Blot, and loss-of-function experiments. The results showed that the FAK signaling pathway was significantly upregulated in cetuximab-resistant colon cancer cells, and siRNA interference targeting FAK could notably inhibit cell proliferation while upregulating the paraptosis level. Based on this, engineered colon cancer cells targeted and FAK siRNA loaded exosomes (CT-Exo-siFAK1) were constructed. In vitro experiments, CT-Exo-siFAK1 could effectively activate paraptosis and inhibit the proliferation of drug-resistant colon cancer cells. In vivo experiments also confirmed that CT-Exo-siFAK1 significantly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis while upregulating the paraptosis level. CONCLUSION This study suggests that FAK signaling pathway-mediated inhibition of paraptosis levels is crucial in the sensitivity of cetuximab targeted therapy in colon cancer, and the use of engineered exosomes to deliver FAK siRNA may be an effective strategy to reverse cetuximab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Geng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Tumor Biological Diagnosis and Treatment Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Tumor Biological Diagnosis and Treatment Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - You Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Tumor Biological Diagnosis and Treatment Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Jianwen Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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Chiang SK, Chang WC, Chen SE, Chang LC. CDK7/CDK9 mediates transcriptional activation to prime paraptosis in cancer cells. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:78. [PMID: 38858714 PMCID: PMC11163730 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation, which has been explored as an alternative method for cancer treatment and is associated with cancer resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of paraptosis in cancer cells remain largely unknown. METHODS Paraptosis-inducing agents, CPYPP, cyclosporin A, and curcumin, were utilized to investigate the underlying mechanism of paraptosis. Next-generation sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed significant changes in gene and protein expressions. Pharmacological and genetic approaches were employed to elucidate the transcriptional events related to paraptosis. Xenograft mouse models were employed to evaluate the potential of paraptosis as an anti-cancer strategy. RESULTS CPYPP, cyclosporin A, and curcumin induced cytoplasmic vacuolization and triggered paraptosis in cancer cells. The paraptotic program involved reactive oxygen species (ROS) provocation and the activation of proteostatic dynamics, leading to transcriptional activation associated with redox homeostasis and proteostasis. Both pharmacological and genetic approaches suggested that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 7/9 drive paraptotic progression in a mutually-dependent manner with heat shock proteins (HSPs). Proteostatic stress, such as accumulated cysteine-thiols, HSPs, ubiquitin-proteasome system, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and unfolded protein response, as well as ROS provocation primarily within the nucleus, enforced CDK7/CDK9-Rpb1 (RNAPII subunit B1) activation by potentiating its interaction with HSPs and protein kinase R in a forward loop, amplifying transcriptional regulation and thereby exacerbating proteotoxicity leading to initiate paraptosis. The xenograft mouse models of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and docetaxel-resistant OECM-1 head and neck cancer cells further confirmed the induction of paraptosis against tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS We propose a novel regulatory paradigm in which the activation of CDK7/CDK9-Rpb1 by nuclear proteostatic stress mediates transcriptional regulation to prime cancer cell paraptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kai Chiang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Ei Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
- i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Chu Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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10
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Zhao S, Meng Y, Cai W, Luo Q, Gao H, Shen Q, Shi D. Docosahexaenoic Acid Coordinating with Sodium Selenite Promotes Paraptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Disrupting the Redox Homeostasis and Activating the MAPK Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:1737. [PMID: 38892670 PMCID: PMC11174406 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are characterized by a delicate balance between elevated oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant capacity. This intricate equilibrium, maintained within a threshold known as redox homeostasis, offers a unique perspective for cancer treatment by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels beyond cellular tolerability, thereby disrupting this balance. However, currently used chemotherapy drugs require larger doses to increase ROS levels beyond the redox homeostasis threshold, which may cause serious side effects. How to disrupt redox homeostasis in cancer cells more effectively remains a challenge. In this study, we found that sodium selenite and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid extracted from marine fish, synergistically induced cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Physiological doses of DHA simultaneously upregulated oxidation and antioxidant levels within the threshold range without affecting cell viability. However, it rendered the cells more susceptible to reaching the upper limit of the threshold of redox homeostasis, facilitating the elevation of ROS levels beyond the threshold by combining with low doses of sodium selenite, thereby disrupting redox homeostasis and inducing MAPK-mediated paraptosis. This study highlights the synergistic anticancer effects of sodium selenite and DHA, which induce paraptosis by disrupting redox homeostasis in tumor cells. These findings offer a novel strategy for more targeted and less toxic cancer therapies for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuzhou Meng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenxun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongyang Gao
- Institute of Electronmicroscopy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Institute of Electronmicroscopy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dongyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Free Radical Regulation and Application Research Center of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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11
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Zigová M, Michalková R, Mojžiš J. Anticancer Potential of Indole Phytoalexins and Their Analogues. Molecules 2024; 29:2388. [PMID: 38792249 PMCID: PMC11124384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Indole phytoalexins, found in economically significant Cruciferae family plants, are synthesized in response to pathogen attacks or stress, serving as crucial components of plant defense mechanisms against bacterial and fungal infections. Furthermore, recent research indicates that these compounds hold promise for improving human health, particularly in terms of potential anticancer effects that have been observed in various studies. Since our last comprehensive overview in 2016 focusing on the antiproliferative effects of these substances, brassinin and camalexin have been the most extensively studied. This review analyses the multifaceted pharmacological effects of brassinin and camalexin, highlighting their anticancer potential. In this article, we also provide an overview of the antiproliferative activity of new synthetic analogs of indole phytoalexins, which were synthesized and tested at our university with the aim of enhancing efficacy compared to the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
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12
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Noakes F, Smitten KL, Maple LEC, Bernardino de la Serna J, Robertson CC, Pritchard D, Fairbanks SD, Weinstein JA, Smythe CGW, Thomas JA. Phenazine Cations as Anticancer Theranostics †. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12836-12849. [PMID: 38683943 PMCID: PMC11082890 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The biological properties of two water-soluble organic cations based on polypyridyl structures commonly used as ligands for photoactive transition metal complexes designed to interact with biomolecules are investigated. A cytotoxicity screen employing a small panel of cell lines reveals that both cations show cytotoxicity toward cancer cells but show reduced cytotoxicity to noncancerous HEK293 cells with the more extended system being notably more active. Although it is not a singlet oxygen sensitizer, the more active cation also displayed enhanced potency on irradiation with visible light, making it active at nanomolar concentrations. Using the intrinsic luminescence of the cations, their cellular uptake was investigated in more detail, revealing that the active compound is more readily internalized than its less lipophilic analogue. Colocalization studies with established cell probes reveal that the active cation predominantly localizes within lysosomes and that irradiation leads to the disruption of mitochondrial structure and function. Stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging reveal that treatment results in distinct lysosomal swelling and extensive cellular vacuolization. Further imaging-based studies confirm that treatment with the active cation induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization, which triggers lysosome-dependent cell-death due to both necrosis and caspase-dependent apoptosis. A preliminary toxicity screen in the Galleria melonella animal model was carried out on both cations and revealed no detectable toxicity up to concentrations of 80 mg/kg. Taken together, these studies indicate that this class of synthetically easy-to-access photoactive compounds offers potential as novel therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity
F. Noakes
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
- Department
of Biomedical Science, The University of
Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Kirsty L. Smitten
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Laura E. C. Maple
- Department
of Biomedical Science, The University of
Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- National
Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Central
Laser
Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell-Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Craig C. Robertson
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Dylan Pritchard
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Simon D. Fairbanks
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Julia A. Weinstein
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Carl G. W. Smythe
- Department
of Biomedical Science, The University of
Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Jim A. Thomas
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
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13
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Shao X, Xing F, Zhang Y, Lok CN, Che CM. Integrative chemoproteomics reveals anticancer mechanisms of silver(i) targeting the proteasome regulatory complex. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5349-5359. [PMID: 38577372 PMCID: PMC10988589 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Silver compounds have favorable properties as promising anticancer drug candidates, such as low side effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and high potential to overcome drug resistance. However, the exact mechanism by which Ag(i) confers anticancer activity remains unclear, which hinders further development of anticancer applications of silver compounds. Here, we combine thermal proteome profiling, cysteine profiling, and ubiquitome profiling to study the molecular mechanisms of silver(i) complexes supported by non-toxic thiourea (TU) ligands. Through the formation of AgTU complexes, TU ligands deliver Ag+ ions to cancer cells and tumour xenografts to elicit inhibitory potency. Our chemical proteomics studies show that AgTU acts on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and disrupts protein homeostasis, which has been identified as a main anticancer mechanism. Specifically, Ag+ ions are released from AgTU in the cellular environment, directly target the 19S proteasome regulatory complex, and may oxidize its cysteine residues, thereby inhibiting proteasomal activity and accumulating ubiquitinated proteins. After AgTU treatment, proteasome subunits are massively ubiquitinated and aberrantly aggregated, leading to impaired protein homeostasis and paraptotic death of cancer cells. This work reveals the unique anticancer mechanism of Ag(i) targeting the 19S proteasome regulatory complex and opens up new avenues for optimizing silver-based anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Shao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Fangrong Xing
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Chun-Nam Lok
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
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14
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Rao X, Li Z, Zhang Q, Lai Y, Liu J, Li L, Cheng H, Shen W, Sun D. α-Hederin induces paraptosis by targeting GPCRs to activate Ca 2+/MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7202. [PMID: 38659391 PMCID: PMC11043672 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-apoptotic cell death is presently emerging as a potential direction to overcome the apoptosis resistance of cancer cells. In the current study, a natural plant agent α-hederin (α-hed) induces caspase-independent paraptotic modes of cell death. PURPOSE The present study is aimed to investigate the role of α-hed induces paraptosis and the associated mechanism of it. METHODS The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. The cytoplasm organelles were observed under electron microscope. Calcium (Ca2+) level was detected by flow cytometry. Swiss Target Prediction tool analyzed the potential molecule targets of α-hed. Molecular docking methods were used to evaluate binding abilities of α-hed with targets. The expressions of genes and proteins were analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Xenograft models in nude mice were established to evaluate the anticancer effects in vivo. RESULTS α-hed exerted significant cytotoxicity against a panel of CRC cell lines by inhibiting proliferation. Besides, it induced cytoplasmic vacuolation in all CRC cells. Electron microscopy images showed the aberrant dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Both mRNA and protein expressions of Alg-2 interacting proteinX (Alix), the marker of paraptosis, were inhibited by α-hed. Besides, both Swiss prediction and molecular docking showed that the structure of α-hed could tightly target to GPCRs. GPCRs were reported to activate the phospholipase C (PLC)-β3/ inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)/ Ca2+/ protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) pathway, and we then found all proteins and mRNA expressions of PLCβ3, IP3R, and PKCα were increased by α-hed. After blocking the GPCR signaling, α-hed could not elevate Ca2+ level and showed less CRC cell cytotoxicity. MAPK cascade is the symbol of paraptosis, and we then demonstrated that α-hed activated MAPK cascade by elevating Ca2+ flux. Since non-apoptotic cell death is presently emerging as a potential direction to overcome chemo-drug resistance, we then found α-hed also induced paraptosis in 5-fluorouracil-resistant (5-FU-R) CRC cells, and it reduced the growth of 5-FU-R CRC xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings proved α-hed as a promising candidate for inducing non-apoptotic cell death, paraptosis. It may overcome the resistance of apoptotic-based chemo-resistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwu Rao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziwen Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Qinchang Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yueyang Lai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Jianrong Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseaseNanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Liu Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Haibo Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Weixing Shen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Dongdong Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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15
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Liu MH, Liu ZK, Liu F. An anti-tumor protein PFAP specifically interacts with cholesterol-enriched membrane domains of A549 cells and induces paraptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130690. [PMID: 38458297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the most life-threatening diseases in the world. In previous studies, a fungal protein PFAP with anti-NSCLC properties was isolated and identified from Pleurotus ferulae lanzi. In this study, the amino acid sequence of PFAP was analyzed and found to be highly homologous to the aegerolysin family. PFAP, like other members of the aegerolysin family, specifically recognizes lipid raft domains rich in cholesterol and sphingomyelin, which is probably its specific anti-tumor mechanism. Previous studies have shown that PFAP can induce AMPK-mediated autophagy and G1-phase cell cycle arrest in A549 lung cancer cells. This study further revealed that PFAP can also induce paraptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in A549 cells in vitro by targeting AMPK. PFAP induces multi-pathway death of A549 cells, and thus demonstrates its potential value for developing new drugs for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhao-Kun Liu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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16
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Kartal B, Denizler-Ebiri FN, Güven M, Taşpınar F, Canpınar H, Çetin S, Karaduman T, Küççüktürk S, Castresana J, Taşpınar M. Exploring the combined anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate and celastrol in glioblastoma cell lines: a novel therapeutic approach. Med Oncol 2024; 41:97. [PMID: 38532150 PMCID: PMC10965742 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a highly aggressive and lethal brain cancer, lacks effective treatment options and has a poor prognosis. In our study, we explored the potential anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate (SB) and celastrol (CEL) in two glioblastoma cell lines. SB, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and CEL, derived from the tripterygium wilfordii plant, act as mTOR and proteasome inhibitors. Both can cross the blood-brain barrier, and they exhibit chemo- and radiosensitive properties in various cancer models. GB cell lines LN-405 and T98G were treated with SB and CEL. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and IC50 values were obtained. Gene expression of DNA repair, apoptosis, and autophagy-related genes was analyzed by RT-PCR. Cell cycle distribution was determined using flow cytometry. Viability assays using MTT assay revealed IC50 values of 26 mM and 22.7 mM for SB and 6.77 μM, and 9.11 μM for CEL in LN-405 and T98G cells, respectively. Furthermore, we examined the expression levels of DNA repair genes (MGMT, MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6), apoptosis genes (caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9), and an autophagy gene (ATG-6) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis revealed alterations in cell cycle distribution following treatment with SB, CEL and their combination. These findings indicate that SB and CEL may act through multiple mechanisms, including DNA repair inhibition, apoptosis induction, and autophagy modulation, to exert their anti-cancer effects in glioblastoma cells. This is the first study providing novel insights into the potential therapeutic effects of SB and CEL in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Kartal
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Güven
- Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Filiz Taşpınar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Hande Canpınar
- Department of Basic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sedat Çetin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Karaduman
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Letter, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Serkan Küççüktürk
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Javier Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mehmet Taşpınar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
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17
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Homma H, Tanaka H, Fujita K, Okazawa H. Necrosis Links Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3636. [PMID: 38612448 PMCID: PMC11012149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative disease remain incompletely understood, although recent studies have made significant advances. Apoptosis was previously considered to be the only mechanism of neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. However, recent findings have challenged this dogma, identifying new subtypes of necrotic neuronal cell death. The present review provides an updated summary of necrosis subtypes and discusses their potential roles in neurodegenerative cell death. Among numerous necrosis subtypes, including necroptosis, paraptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, transcriptional repression-induced atypical cell death (TRIAD) has been identified as a potential mechanism of neuronal cell death. TRIAD is induced by functional deficiency of TEAD-YAP and self-amplifies via the release of HMGB1. TRIAD is a feasible potential mechanism of neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to induction of cell death, HMGB1 released during TRIAD activates brain inflammatory responses, which is a potential link between neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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18
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Evidente A. The incredible story of ophiobolin A and sphaeropsidin A: two fungal terpenes from wilt-inducing phytotoxins to promising anticancer compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:434-468. [PMID: 38131643 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2023This review presents the exceptional story of ophiobolin A (OphA) and sphaeropsidin A (SphA), a sesterterpene and a diterpene, respectively, which were initially isolated as fungal phytotoxins and subsequently shown to possess other interesting biological activities, including promising anticancer activities. Ophiobolin A is a phytotoxin produced by different fungal pathogens, all belonging to the Bipolaris genus. Initially, it was only known as a very dangerous phytotoxin produced by fungi attacking essential cereals, such as rice and barley. However, extensive and interesting studies were carried out to define its original carbon skeleton, which is characterized by a typical 5 : 8 : 5 ring system and shared with fusicoccins and cotylenins, and its phytotoxic activity on host and non-host plants. The biosynthesis of OphA was also defined by describing the different steps starting from mevalonate and through the rearrangement of the acyclic C-25 precursor lead the toxin is obtained. OphA was also produced as a bioherbicide from Drechslera gigantea and proposed for the biocontrol of the widespread and dangerous weed Digitaria sanguinaria. To date, more than sixty ophiobolins have been isolated from different fungi and their biological activities and structure-activity relationship investigated, which were also described using their hemisynthetic derivatives. In the last two decades, thorough studies have been performed on the potential anticancer activity of OphA and its original mode of action, attracting great interest from scientists. Sphaeropsidin A has a similar story. It was isolated as the main phytotoxin from Diplodia cupressi, the causal agent of Italian cypress canker disease, resulting in the loss of millions of plants in a few years in the Mediterranean basin. The damage to the forest, environment and ornamental heritage are noteworthy and economic losses are also suffered by tree nurseries and the wood industry. Six natural analogues of SphA were isolated and several interesting hemisynthetic derivatives were prepared to study its structure-activity relationship. Surprisingly, sphaeropsidin A showed other interesting biological activities, including antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral. In the last decade, extensive studies have focused on the anticancer activity and original mode of action of SphA. Furthermore, specific hemisynthetic studies enable the preparation of derivatives of SphA, preserving its chromophore, which showed a noteworthy increase in anticancer activity. It has been demonstrated that ophiobolin A and sphaeropsidin A are promising natural products showing potent activity against some malignant cancers, such as brain glioblastoma and different melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Evidente
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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19
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Zhuo Y, Song Y. Prognostic and immunological implications of paraptosis-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma: Comprehensive analysis and functional verification of hub gene. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38445368 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) poses significant clinical challenges due to its inherent heterogeneity and variable response to treatment. Recent research has specifically focused on elucidating the role of Paraptosis-related genes (PRGs) in the progression of cancer and the prognosis of patients. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the differential expression of PRGs in LUAD. Additionally, univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine the prognostic significance of these genes. Furthermore, consensus clustering was employed to differentiate molecular subtypes within LUAD, while immune heterogeneity was assessed. To evaluate treatment outcomes, the expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors was examined, and the sensitivity of LUAD patients to chemotherapy drugs was assessed. Moreover, machine learning algorithms were employed to construct a Paraptosis-related risk score with prognostic and immunological indicators. Finally, to validate the findings, in vitro experiments were performed to verify the regulatory effect of key PRGs on Paraptosis. RESULTS Our analysis identified 24 PRGs that exhibited differential expression, with CDKN3, TP53, and PHB emerging as the most prominently upregulated genes in tumor tissues. Among these genes, seven were identified as prognostic markers, with HSPB8 being the sole protective factor. Notably, our analysis also revealed the existence of two distinct molecular subtypes within LUAD, each characterized by unique prognoses and immune responses. Specifically, Subtype B displayed a poorer prognosis but demonstrated increased sensitivity to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In addition, our development of a Paraptosis-Associated Risk Score yielded a significant prognostic value in predicting patient outcomes. Furthermore, we found regulatory effect of CDKN3 on Paraptosis in two cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of PRGs in LUAD, particularly in prognosis and treatment response. The identified molecular subtypes and Paraptosis-Associated Risk Score offer valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhuo
- Pulmonary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Song
- Pulmonary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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Guo Z, Gao X, Lu J, Li Y, Jin Z, Fahad A, Pambe NU, Ejima H, Sun X, Wang X, Xie W, Zhang G, Zhao L. Apoptosis and Paraptosis Induced by Disulfiram-Loaded Ca 2+/Cu 2+ Dual-Ions Nano Trap for Breast Cancer Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6975-6989. [PMID: 38377439 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Regarded as one of the hallmarks of tumorigenesis and tumor progression, the evasion of apoptotic cell death would also account for treatment resistance or failure during cancer therapy. In this study, a Ca2+/Cu2+ dual-ion "nano trap" to effectively avoid cell apoptosis evasion by synchronously inducing paraptosis together with apoptosis was successfully designed and fabricated for breast cancer treatment. In brief, disulfiram (DSF)-loaded amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated via a gas diffusion method. Further on, the Cu2+-tannic acid metal phenolic network was embedded onto the NPs surface by self-assembling, followed by mDSPE-PEG/lipid capping to form the DSF-loaded Ca2+/Cu2+ dual-ions "nano trap". The as-prepared nanotrap would undergo acid-triggered biodegradation upon being endocytosed by tumor cells within the lysosome for Ca2+, Cu2+, and DSF releasing simultaneously. The released Ca2+ could cause mitochondrial calcium overload and lead to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) overexpression. Meanwhile, Ca2+/reactive oxygen species-associated mitochondrial dysfunction would lead to paraptosis cell death. Most importantly, cell paraptosis could be further induced and strengthened by the toxic dithiocarbamate (DTC)-copper complexes formed by the Cu2+ combined with the DTC, the metabolic products of DSF. Additionally, the released Cu2+ will be reduced by intracellular glutathione to generate Cu+, which can catalyze the H2O2 to produce a toxic hydroxyl radical by a Cu+-mediated Fenton-like reaction for inducing cell apoptosis. Both in vitro cellular assays and in vivo antitumor evaluations confirmed the cancer therapeutic efficiency by the dual ion nano trap. This study can broaden the cognition scope of dual-ion-mediated paraptosis together with apoptosis via a multifunctional nanoplatform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingsong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zeping Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Abdul Fahad
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Neema Ufurahi Pambe
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hirotaka Ejima
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wensheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education of China), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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21
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Paz-Trejo C, Arenas-Huertero F, Gómez-Arroyo S. Nano fraction of pesticide induces genotoxicity and oxidative stress-dependent reticulum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1072-1085. [PMID: 37800474 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of nanotechnology in different sectors has generated expectations as a new source of use due to the novel characteristics that it will bring. Particularly, nano pesticides promise to be more sustainable and less harmful to the ecosystem and human health; however, most studies continue to focus on their efficacy in the field, leaving aside the effect on humans. This project aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of a nano-encapsulated pesticide on bronchial epithelial cells (NL-20) in vitro and elucidate the mechanism through which they induce damage. The nano fraction (NF) of the pesticide Karate Zeon® 5 CS was characterized and isolated, and the uptake into the cell and the changes induced in the cellular ultrastructure were evaluated. In addition, the primary markers of oxidative stress, reticulum stress, and genotoxicity were assessed using the micronucleus test. A 700 nm fraction with a Z potential of -40 mV was obtained, whose main component is polyurea formaldehyde; this allows the capsules to enter the cell through macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Inside, they induce oxidative stress activating a reticulum stress response via the BIP protein and the IRE-1 sensor, triggering an inflammatory response. Likewise, stress reduces cell proliferation, increasing genotoxic damage through micronuclei; however, this damage is mainly induced by direct contact of the capsules with the nucleus. This pioneering study uses a nanometric encapsulated commercial pesticide to evaluate the molecular mechanism of induced damage. It makes it the first step in analyzing whether these substances represent a contaminant or an emerging solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Paz-Trejo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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22
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Xu CC, Lin YF, Huang MY, Zhang XL, Wang P, Huang MQ, Lu JJ. Paraptosis: a non-classical paradigm of cell death for cancer therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:223-237. [PMID: 37715003 PMCID: PMC10789732 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the sustained proliferative potential of cancer cells, inducing cell death is a potential strategy for cancer therapy. Paraptosis is a mode of cell death characterized by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or mitochondrial swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization, which is less investigated. Considerable evidence shows that paraptosis can be triggered by various chemical compounds, particularly in cancer cells, thus highlighting the potential application of this non-classical mode of cell death in cancer therapy. Despite these findings, there remain significant gaps in our understanding of the role of paraptosis in cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on chemical compound-induced paraptosis. The ER and mitochondria are the two major responding organelles in chemical compound-induced paraptosis, which can be triggered by the reduction of protein degradation, disruption of sulfhydryl homeostasis, overload of mitochondrial Ca2+, and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. We also discuss the stumbling blocks to the development of this field and the direction for further research. The rational use of paraptosis might help us develop a new paradigm for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Cao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Mu-Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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23
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Liu S, Tian Y, Liu C, Gui Z, Yu T, Zhang L. TNFRSF19 promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced paraptosis via the activation of the MAPK pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:217-227. [PMID: 37990061 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFRSF19 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and its function exhibits variability among different types of cancers. The influence of TNFRSF19 on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has yet to be definitively established. In this study, bioinformatics analyses revealed that lower TNFRSF19 was associated with the poorer prognosis, higher lymph node metastasis and lower immune infiltration. Subsequently, data obtained from the TCGA database and collection of tissue samples revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNFRSF19 were observed to be significantly reduced in TNBC tissue compared to normal tissue. Additionally, the results of in vitro experiments have demonstrated that TNFRSF19 possessed the ability to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasive capabilities of TNBC cells. In vivo trials elucidated that TNFRSF19 could suppress tumor xenografts growth. Mechanistically, TNFRSF19 initiated caspase-independent cell death and induced paraptosis. Moreover, rescue assays demonstrated that TNFRSF19 induced-paraptosis was facilitated by MAPK pathway-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the upregulation of TNFRSF19 functioned as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by stimulating paraptosis through the activation of the MAPK pathway-mediated ER stress, highlighting its potential to be a new therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Zhengwei Gui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Tianyao Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
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24
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Al Awadh AA, Sakagami H, Amano S, Sayed AM, Abouelela ME, Alhasaniah AH, Aldabaan N, Refaey MS, Abdelhamid RA, Khalil HMA, Hamdan DI, Abdel-Sattar ES, Orabi MAA. In vitro cytotoxicity of Withania somnifera (L.) roots and fruits on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines: a study supported by flow cytometry, spectral, and computational investigations. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1325272. [PMID: 38303989 PMCID: PMC10830635 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1325272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a severe health problem that accounts for an alarmingly high number of fatalities worldwide. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal has been extensively studied against various tumor cell lines from different body organs, rarely from the oral cavity. We thus investigated the cytotoxicity of W. somnifera fruits (W-F) and roots (W-R) hydromethanolic extracts and their chromatographic fractions against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines [Ca9-22 (derived from gingiva), HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 (derived from tongue)] and three normal oral mesenchymal cells [human gingival fibroblast (HGF), human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLF), and human pulp cells (HPC)] in comparison to standard drugs. The root polar ethyl acetate (W-R EtOAc) and butanol (W-R BuOH) fractions exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against the Ca9-22 cell line (CC50 = 51.8 and 40.1 μg/mL, respectively), which is relatively the same effect as 5-FU at CC50 = 69.4 μM and melphalan at CC50 = 36.3 μM on the same cancer cell line. Flow cytometric analysis revealed changes in morphology as well as in the cell cycle profile of the W-R EtOAc and W-R BuOH-treated oral cancer Ca9-22 cells compared to the untreated control. The W-R EtOAc (125 μg/mL) exerted morphological changes and induced subG1 accumulation, suggesting apoptotic cell death. A UHPLC MS/MS analysis of the extract enabled the identification of 26 compounds, mainly alkaloids, withanolides, withanosides, and flavonoids. Pharmacophore-based inverse virtual screening proposed that BRD3 and CDK2 are the cancer-relevant targets for the annotated withanolides D (18) and O (12), and the flavonoid kaempferol (11). Molecular modeling studies highlighted the BRD3 and CDK2 as the most probable oncogenic targets of anticancer activity of these molecules. These findings highlight W. somnifera's potential as an affordable source of therapeutic agents for a range of oral malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Amano
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Saitama, Japan
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, Basra, Iraq
| | - Mohamed E. Abouelela
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz Hassan Alhasaniah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayef Aldabaan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya, Egypt
| | - Reda A. Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba M. A. Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia I. Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Egypt
| | - El-Shaymaa Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. A. Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Lee DM, Kim IY, Lee HJ, Seo MJ, Cho MY, Lee HI, Yoon G, Ji JH, Park SS, Jeong SY, Choi EK, Choi YH, Yun CO, Yeo M, Kim E, Choi KS. Akt enhances the vulnerability of cancer cells to VCP/p97 inhibition-mediated paraptosis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:48. [PMID: 38218922 PMCID: PMC10787777 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, an AAA+ ATPase critical for maintaining proteostasis, emerges as a promising target for cancer therapy. This study reveals that targeting VCP selectively eliminates breast cancer cells while sparing non-transformed cells by inducing paraptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism characterized by endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria dilation. Intriguingly, oncogenic HRas sensitizes non-transformed cells to VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis. The susceptibility of cancer cells to VCP inhibition is attributed to the non-attenuation and recovery of protein synthesis under proteotoxic stress. Mechanistically, mTORC2/Akt activation and eIF3d-dependent translation contribute to translational rebound and amplification of proteotoxic stress. Furthermore, the ATF4/DDIT4 axis augments VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis by activating Akt. Given that hyperactive Akt counteracts chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis, VCP inhibition presents a promising therapeutic avenue to exploit Akt-associated vulnerabilities in cancer cells by triggering paraptosis while safeguarding normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae In Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyesoon Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Seok Soon Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Hyeon Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirae Yeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Yin Y, Wu C, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Mai S, Chen M, Wang HY. Ezetimibe Induces Paraptosis through Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 Inhibition of Mammalian-Target-of-Rapamycin Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 38275586 PMCID: PMC10815321 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by its unfavorable prognosis and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Drug repositioning, an approach aimed at identifying novel therapeutic applications for existing drugs, presents a cost-effective strategy for developing new anticancer agents. We explored the anticancer properties of Ezetimibe, a widely used oral lipid-lowering drug, in the context of HCC. Our findings demonstrate that Ezetimibe effectively suppresses HCC cell proliferation through paraptosis, an apoptotic-independent cell death pathway. The examination of HCC cells lines treated with Ezetimibe using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed cytoplasmic vacuolation in the perinuclear region. Notably, the nuclear membrane remained intact in both Ezetimibe-treated and untreated HCC cell lines. Probe staining assays confirmed that the cytoplasmic vacuoles originated from dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) compartments rather than mitochondria. Furthermore, a dose-dependent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in Ezetimibe-treated HCC cell lines. Co-treatment with the general antioxidant NAC attenuated vacuolation and improved cell viability in Ezetimibe-treated HCC cells. Moreover, Ezetimibe induced paraptosis through proteasome activity inhibition and initiation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in HCC cell lines. In our in vivo experiment, Ezetimibe significantly impeded the growth of HCC tumors. Furthermore, when combined with Sorafenib, Ezetimibe exhibited a synergistic antitumor effect on HCC cell lines. Mechanistically, Ezetimibe induced paraptosis by targeting NPC1L1 to inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of Ezetimibe as an anticancer agent by triggering paraptosis in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Meiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shijuan Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Hui-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.Y.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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27
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Wang R, Li J, Fu Y, Li Y, Qi Y, Li C, Gao F, Li C. Ferritinophagy-mediated apoptosis and paraptosis induction involved MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway in mechanism of an iron chelator. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115874. [PMID: 37866802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma cells were more resistant to ferroptosis with still poor therapy outcomes. Sensitizing melanoma cell to the ferroptosis inducer was a crucial strategy for treatment of melanoma. In the present study, 2,2'-di-pyridylketone hydrazone dithiocarbamate s-butyric acid (DpdtbA) displayed superior inhibitory activity than ferroptosis inducer Erastin in melanoma cells, which prompt us to explore the underlying mechanism. The analyses from flow cytometry and Western blot showed that the growth inhibition of DpdtbA against SK-MEL-28 and A375 cells involved apoptosis induction and G1 phase arrest. Surprisingly, the cytoplasmic vacuoles were found upon the treatment; transmission electron microscopy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) staining revealed that the cytoplasmic vacuoles were in ER; while down-regulation of alix and requirement of protein synthesis suggested there was an occurrence of paraptosis. However, both NAC and 3-MA could significantly attenuate the cytoplasmic vacuolization and growth inhibition, hinting that both ROS and autophagy involved the paraptosis induction. The additional evidence revealed that there was an occurrence of continuous ferritinophagy, which was responsible for the ROS production. Downregulation of NCOA4 clearly attenuated the apoptosis and paraptosis induction. In addition, activation of MAPK involved regulation of paraptosis, but only ERK and JNK had role in the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles and growth inhibition. Furthermore, a ROS dependent regulation of PI3K/AKT pathway was also involved. Taken together, our result firstly demonstrated that a continuous ferritinophagy contributed to the apoptosis and paraptosis induction, highlighting that the lysosomal labile iron pool had a crucial role in control of melanoma cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufang Wang
- Department of Dermatology of The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Jinxue Li
- Department of Dermatology of The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Yun Fu
- Department of Dermatology of The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Yongli Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453514, PR China
| | - Yu Qi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Cuiping Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Fulian Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China.
| | - Changzheng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453514, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China.
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28
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Budi HS, Farhood B. Tumor microenvironment remodeling in oral cancer: Application of plant derived-natural products and nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116432. [PMID: 37331557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancers consist of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and other malignancies in the mouth with varying degrees of invasion and differentiation. For many years, different modalities such as surgery, radiation therapy, and classical chemotherapy drugs have been used to control the growth of oral tumors. Nowadays, studies have confirmed the remarkable effects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on the development, invasion, and therapeutic resistance of tumors like oral cancers. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to modulate the TME in various types of tumors in favor of cancer suppression. Natural products are intriguing agents for targeting cancers and TME. Flavonoids, non-flavonoid herbal-derived molecules, and other natural products have shown promising effects on cancers and TME. These agents, such as curcumin, resveratrol, melatonin, quercetin and naringinin have demonstrated potency in suppressing oral cancers. In this paper, we will review and discuss about the potential efficacy of natural adjuvants on oral cancer cells. Furthermore, we will review the possible therapeutic effects of these agents on the TME and oral cancer cells. Moreover, the potential of nanoparticles-loaded natural products for targeting oral cancers and TME will be reviewed. The potentials, gaps, and future perspectives for targeting TME by nanoparticles-loaded natural products will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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29
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Hu L, Shi J, Shen D, Zhai X, Liang D, Wang J, Xie C, Xia Z, Cui J, Liu F, Du S, Meng S, Piao H. Osimertinib induces paraptosis and TRIP13 confers resistance in glioblastoma cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:333. [PMID: 37669963 PMCID: PMC10480197 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been evaluated in glioblastoma (GBM) through preclinical and clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanism of osimertinib-induced GBM cell death and the underlying resistance mechanism to osimertinib remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Osimertinib induces paraptosis in GBM cells, as evidenced by the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, and upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers like CHOP. Additionally, neither apoptosis nor autophagy was involved in the osimertinib-induced cell death. RNAseq analysis revealed ER stress was the most significantly downregulated pathway upon exposure to osimertinib. Consistently, pharmacologically targeting the PERK-eIF2α axis impaired osimertinib-induced paraptosis. Notably, we show that the expression of thyroid receptor-interacting protein 13 (TRIP13), an AAA+ATPase, alleviated osimertinib-triggered paraptosis, thus conferring resistance. Intriguingly, MK-2206, an AKT inhibitor, downregulated TRIP13 levels and synergized with Osimertinib to suppress TRIP13-induced high GBM cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism of action associated with the anti-GBM effects of osimertinib involving ER stress-regulated paraptosis. Furthermore, we identify a TRIP13-driven resistance mechanism against Osimertinib in GBM and offer a combination strategy using MK-2206 to overcome such resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Hu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, 266000, Qingdao, China
| | - Ji Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, China
| | - Dachuan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 116001, Dalian, China
| | - Xingyue Zhai
- Clinical Nutrition Department, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Chunrui Xie
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiyu Xia
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, China
| | - Sha Du
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Songshu Meng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, China.
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30
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Samandari-Bahraseman MR, Khorsand B, Zareei S, Amanlou M, Rostamabadi H. Various concentrations of hesperetin induce different types of programmed cell death in human breast cancerous and normal cell lines in a ROS-dependent manner. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110642. [PMID: 37487865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The polyphenolic component of citrus fruits, hesperetin (Hst), is a metabolite of hesperidin. In this study, we examined the effect of varying doses and exposure times of hesperetin on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as well as MCF-10A normal cells. By using MTT assay, real-time PCR, western blot, and flow cytometry, we determined the effects of Hst on cell viability, ROS levels, and markers of cell death. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to identify Hst targets that might be involved in ROS-dependent cell death. According to the results, different concentrations of Hst induced different modes of cell death at specific ROS levels. Paraptosis occurred in all cell lines at concentration ranges of IC35 to IC60, and apoptosis occurred at concentrations greater than IC65. In addition, MDA-MB-231 cells were subjected to senescence at sub-toxic doses when treated for a long period of time. When Hst levels were higher, N-acetylcysteine (NAC)'s effect on neutralizing ROS was more pronounced. According to the docking results, Hst may interact with several proteins involved in the regulation of ROS. As an example, the interaction of CCS (Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase) with Hst might interfere with its chaperone function in folding SOD-1 (superoxide dismutase enzyme), contributing to an increase in cytoplasmic ROS levels. Finally, depending on the ROS level, Hst induces various modes of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Khorsand
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Zareei
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Rostamabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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31
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Wang W, Li M, Wang L, Chen L, Goh BC. Curcumin in cancer therapy: Exploring molecular mechanisms and overcoming clinical challenges. Cancer Lett 2023; 570:216332. [PMID: 37541540 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant global health burden, necessitating the widespread use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as conventional frontline interventions. Although targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown remarkable advancements, the challenges of resistance development and severe side effects persist in cancer treatment. Consequently, researchers have actively sought more effective alternatives with improved safety profiles. In recent years, curcumin, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, has garnered considerable attention due to its broad spectrum of biological effects. This concise review provides valuable insights into the role of curcumin in cancer therapy, with a focus on elucidating its molecular mechanisms in inducing programmed cell death of tumor cells and suppressing tumor cell metastasis potential. Additionally, we discuss the challenges associated with the clinical application of curcumin and explore current endeavors aimed at overcoming these limitations. By shedding light on the promising potential of curcumin, this review contributes to the advancement of cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mingqin Li
- Department of Medical Cardiology, Zhongxiang TCM Hospital of Hubei, Zhongxiang, 431900, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, 119074, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Boon-Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, 119074, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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32
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Bozgeyik E, Bozgeyik I. Unveiling the therapeutic potential of natural-based anticancer compounds inducing non-canonical cell death mechanisms. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154693. [PMID: 37516001 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In the Mid-19th century, Rudolf Virchow considered necrosis to be a prominent form of cell death; since then, pathologists have recognized necrosis as both a cause and a consequence of disease. About a century later, the mechanism of apoptosis, another form of cell death, was discovered, and we now know that this process is regulated by several molecular mechanisms that "programme" the cell to die. However, discoveries on cell death mechanisms are not limited to these, and recent studies have allowed the identification of novel cell death pathways that can be molecularly distinguished from necrotic and apoptotic cell death mechanisms. Moreover, the main goal of current cancer therapy is to discover and develop drugs that target apoptosis. However, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents targeting apoptosis is mainly responsible for the failure of clinical therapy and adverse side effects of the chemotherapeutic agents currently in use pose a major threat to the well-being and lives of patients. Therefore, the development of natural-based anticancer drugs with low cellular and organismal side effects is of great interest. In this comprehensive review, we thoroughly examine and discuss natural anticancer compounds that specifically target non-canonical cell death mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
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33
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Nguyen TT, Wei S, Nguyen TH, Jo Y, Zhang Y, Park W, Gariani K, Oh CM, Kim HH, Ha KT, Park KS, Park R, Lee IK, Shong M, Houtkooper RH, Ryu D. Mitochondria-associated programmed cell death as a therapeutic target for age-related disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1595-1619. [PMID: 37612409 PMCID: PMC10474116 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, ubiquitous double-membrane-bound organelles, regulate energy production, support cellular activities, harbor metabolic pathways, and, paradoxically, mediate cell fate. Evidence has shown mitochondria as points of convergence for diverse cell death-inducing pathways that trigger the various mechanisms underlying apoptotic and nonapoptotic programmed cell death. Thus, dysfunctional cellular pathways eventually lead or contribute to various age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Thus, mitochondrion-associated programmed cell death-based treatments show great therapeutic potential, providing novel insights in clinical trials. This review discusses mitochondrial quality control networks with activity triggered by stimuli and that maintain cellular homeostasis via mitohormesis, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, and mitophagy. The review also presents details on various forms of mitochondria-associated programmed cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, and paraptosis, and highlights their involvement in age-related disease pathogenesis, collectively suggesting therapeutic directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh T Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Thu Ha Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Karim Gariani
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Park W, Wei S, Kim BS, Kim B, Bae SJ, Chae YC, Ryu D, Ha KT. Diversity and complexity of cell death: a historical review. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1573-1594. [PMID: 37612413 PMCID: PMC10474147 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at the individual or cellular level. For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome of nonfunctioning cells, as inflammation was inevitably triggered in response to damage. However, experimental evidence accumulated over the past few decades has revealed different types of cell death that are genetically programmed to eliminate unnecessary or severely damaged cells that may damage surrounding tissues. Several types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death, and lysosomal cell death, which are classified as programmed cell death, and pyroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis, which are classified as inflammatory cell death, have been described over the years. Recently, several novel forms of cell death, namely, mitoptosis, paraptosis, immunogenic cell death, entosis, methuosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuproptosis, and erebosis, have been discovered and advanced our understanding of cell death and its complexity. In this review, we provide a historical overview of the discovery and characterization of different forms of cell death and highlight their diversity and complexity. We also briefly discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying each type of cell death and the implications of cell death in various physiological and pathological contexts. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of different mechanisms of cell death that can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Sung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bosung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Leak L, Dixon SJ. Surveying the landscape of emerging and understudied cell death mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119432. [PMID: 36690038 PMCID: PMC9969746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell death can be a highly regulated process. A large and growing number of mammalian cell death mechanisms have been described over the past few decades. Major pathways with established roles in normal or disease biology include apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. However, additional non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms with unique morphological, genetic, and biochemical features have also been described. These mechanisms may play highly specialized physiological roles or only become activated in response to specific lethal stimuli or conditions. Understanding the nature of these emerging and understudied mechanisms may provide new insight into cell death biology and suggest new treatments for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Leak
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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36
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Brassinin Induces Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Paraptosis via MAPK Signaling Pathway Activation in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020307. [PMID: 36829581 PMCID: PMC9953140 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Brassinin (BSN), a potent phytoalexin found in cruciferous vegetables, has been found to exhibit diverse anti-neoplastic effects on different cancers. However, the impact of BSN on chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells and the possible mode of its actions have not been described earlier. We investigated the anti-cytotoxic effects of BSN on the KBM5, KCL22, K562, and LAMA84 CML cells and its underlying mechanisms of action in inducing programmed cell death. We noted that BSN could induce apoptosis, autophagy, and paraptosis in CML cells. BSN induced PARP cleavage, subG1 peak increase, and early apoptosis. The potential action of BSN on autophagy activation was confirmed by an LC3 expression and acridine orange assay. In addition, BSN induced paraptosis through increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondria damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, BSN promoted the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, and pharmacological inhibitors of this signaling pathway could alleviate all three forms of cell death induced by BSN. Our data indicated that BSN could initiate the activation of apoptosis, autophagy, and paraptosis through modulating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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37
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Seo MJ, Kim IY, Lee DM, Park YJ, Cho MY, Jin HJ, Choi KS. Dual inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and proteasome is required for auranofin-induced paraptosis in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:42. [PMID: 36658130 PMCID: PMC9852458 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Auranofin (AF), a gold (I)-containing phosphine compound, is being investigated for oncological application as a repurposed drug. We show here that 4~5 µM AF induces paraptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mode characterized by dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, in breast cancer cells. Although the covalent inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme that critically controls intracellular redox homeostasis, is considered the primary mechanism of AF's anticancer activity, knockdown of TrxR1 did not induce paraptosis. Instead, both TrxR1 knockdown plus the proteasome inhibitor (PI), bortezomib (Bz), and 2 μM AF plus Bz induced paraptosis, thereby mimicking the effect of 5 μM AF. These results suggest that the paraptosis induced by 5 μM AF requires the inhibition of both TrxR1 and proteasome. We found that TrxR1 knockdown/Bz or subtoxic doses of AF and Bz induced paraptosis selectively in breast cancer cells, sparing non-transformed MCF10A cells, whereas 4~5 μM AF killed both cancer and MCF10A cells. GSH depletion was found to be more critical than ROS generation for the paraptosis induced by dual TrxR1/proteasome inhibition. In this process, the ATF4/CHAC1 (glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1) axis leads to GSH degradation, contributing to proteotoxic stress possibly due to the accumulation of misfolded thiol-containing proteins. These results suggest that the paraptosis-inducing strategy of AF plus a PI may provide an effective therapeutic strategy against pro-apoptotic therapy-resistant cancers and reduce the potential side effects associated with high-dose AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Nano-safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Dong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Mi-Young Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Hyo Joon Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
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38
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Ma M, Luan X, Zheng H, Wang X, Wang S, Shen T, Ren D. A Mulberry Diels-Alder-Type Adduct, Kuwanon M, Triggers Apoptosis and Paraptosis of Lung Cancer Cells through Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021015. [PMID: 36674530 PMCID: PMC9866470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mulberry tree (Morus alba) has been cultivated in China for thousands of years. Mulberry Diels-Alder-type adducts (MDAAs) are characteristic constituents of the genus Morus. The unique structure and diverse bioactivities of MDAAs have attracted the attention of researchers. Kuwanon M (KWM) is an MDAA isolated from the root bark of Morus alba. This research reports the growth inhibitory effects of KWM on human lung cancer cells and its possible mechanism. In A549 and NCI-H292 cells, KWM treatment induced suppression of cell proliferation and migration. The appearance of chromatin condensation, phosphatidyl serine exposure and caspase cleavage indicated the arising of apoptosis. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome c and dysregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 demonstrated that the KWM-induced apoptosis was through the mitochondrial pathway. Paraptosis was simultaneously detected under KWM treatment, as evidenced by the exhibition of cytoplasmic vacuolation, down-regulation of Alix and up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins. Mechanistically, ER stress induced activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways and activation of the MAPK (JNK and ERK) pathway, all of which were critical for KWM-induced apoptosis and paraptosis. These findings suggested the possibility that KWM might be considered as a potential lung cancer therapeutic agent.
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Qian XF, Zhang JH, Mai YX, Yin X, Zheng YB, Yu ZY, Zhu GD, Guo XG. A Novel Insight into Paraptosis-Related Classification and Signature in Lower-Grade Gliomas. Int J Genomics 2022; 2022:6465760. [PMID: 36419652 PMCID: PMC9678488 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6465760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower-grade gliomas (LGG) are the most common intracranial malignancies that readily evolve to high-grade gliomas and increase drug resistance. Paraptosis is defined as a nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death, which is gradually focused on patients with gliomas to develop treatment options. However, the specific role of paraptosis in LGG and its correlation is still vague. In this study, we first establish the novel paraptosis-based prognostic model for LGG patients. The relevant data of LGG patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and we found that LGG patients could be divided into three different clusters based on paraptosis via consensus cluster analysis. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis, 10-paraptosis-related gene (PRG) signatures (CDK4, TNK2, DSTYK, CDKN3, CCR4, CASP9, HSPA5, RGR, LPAR1, and PDCD6IP) were identified to separate LGG patients into high- and low-risk subgroups successfully. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic showed that the performances of predicting overall survival (OS) were dramatically high. The parallel results were reappeared and verified by using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Independent prognostic analysis and nomogram construction implied that risk scores could be considered the independent factor to predict OS. Enrichment analysis indicated that immune-related biological processes were generally enriched, and different immune statuses were highly infiltrated in high-risk group. We also confirmed the potential relationship of 10-PRG signatures and drug sensitivity of Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs. In summary, our findings provide a novel knowledge of paraptosis status and crucial direction to further explore the role of PRG signatures in LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Feng Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Sixth Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jia-Hao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Sixth Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yue-Xue Mai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Sixth Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pediatrics School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yu-Bin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Sixth Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Geriatric Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Department of Geriatrics and Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
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Su Y, Sai Y, Zhou L, Liu Z, Du P, Wu J, Zhang J. Current insights into the regulation of programmed cell death by TP53 mutation in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023427. [PMID: 36313700 PMCID: PMC9608511 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene mutation is a complicated process that influences the onset and progression of cancer, and the most prevalent mutation involves the TP53 gene. One of the ways in which the body maintains homeostasis is programmed cell death, which includes apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, NETosis, and the more recently identified process of cuprotosis. Evasion of these cell deaths is a hallmark of cancer cells, and our elucidation of the way these cells die helps us better understands the mechanisms by which cancer arises and provides us with more ways to treat it.Studies have shown that programmed cell death requires wild-type p53 protein and that mutations of TP53 can affect these modes of programmed cell death. For example, mutant p53 promotes iron-dependent cell death in ferroptosis and inhibits apoptotic and autophagic cell death. It is clear that TP53 mutations act on more than one pathway to death, and these pathways to death do not operate in isolation. They interact with each other and together determine cell death. This review focuses on the mechanisms via which TP53 mutation affects programmed cell death. Clinical investigations of TP53 mutation and the potential for targeted pharmacological agents that can be used to treat cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yingying Sai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Linfeng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zeliang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Panyan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jinghua Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghua Wu, ; Jinghua Zhang,
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghua Wu, ; Jinghua Zhang,
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Li GN, Zhao XJ, Wang Z, Luo MS, Shi SN, Yan DM, Li HY, Liu JH, Yang Y, Tan JH, Zhang ZY, Chen RQ, Lai HL, Huang XY, Zhou JF, Ma D, Fang Y, Gao QL. Elaiophylin triggers paraptosis and preferentially kills ovarian cancer drug-resistant cells by inducing MAPK hyperactivation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:317. [PMID: 36097006 PMCID: PMC9468165 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Finely tuned mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is important for cancer cell survival. Perturbations that push cells out of the MAPK fitness zone result in cell death. Previously, in a screen of the North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation's pure compound library of microbial origin, we identified elaiophylin as an autophagy inhibitor. Here, we demonstrated a new role for elaiophylin in inducing excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ER-derived cytoplasmic vacuolization, and consequent paraptosis by hyperactivating the MAPK pathway in multiple cancer cells. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout library screening identified SHP2, an upstream intermediary of the MAPK pathway, as a critical target in elaiophylin-induced paraptosis. The cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay further confirmed the direct binding between the SHP2 and elaiophylin. Inhibition of the SHP2/SOS1/MAPK pathway through SHP2 knockdown or pharmacological inhibitors distinctly attenuated elaiophylin-induced paraptosis and autophagy inhibition. Interestingly, elaiophylin markedly increased the already-elevated MAPK levels and preferentially killed drug-resistant cells with enhanced basal MAPK levels. Elaiophylin overcame drug resistance by triggering paraptosis in multiple tumor-bearing mouse models resistant to platinum, taxane, or PARPi, suggesting that elaiophylin might offer a reasonable therapeutic strategy for refractory ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Nan Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Zhao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Shi Luo
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shen-Nan Shi
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan-Mei Yan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua-Yi Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Hao Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Hong Tan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ru-Qi Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui-Ling Lai
- Department of Gynecology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510000, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Huang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing-Lei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Cui X, Cui M. Glabridin induces paraptosis-like cell death via ER stress in breast cancer cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10607. [PMID: 36158101 PMCID: PMC9489725 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glabridin, a polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the root of the glycyrrhiza glabra, has been demonstrated to have anti-tumor properties in human malignancies. This study found that glabridin decreased the viability of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells in a dose-dependent manner that was not involved in the caspase-3 cascade. Glabridin promoted the formation of extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation by increasing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers BiP, XBP1s, and CHOP. The transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence with the ER chaperon KDEL suggested that the vacuoles were derived from ER. Glabridin-induced vacuolation was blocked when protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide, demonstrating that protein synthesis is crucial for this process. Furthermore, we determined that glabridin causes loss of mitochondrial membrane potential as well as the production of reactive oxygen species, both of which lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. These features are consistent with a kind of programmed cell death described as paraptosis. This work reports for the first time that glabridin could induce paraptosis-like cell death, which may give new therapeutic approaches for apoptosis-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cui
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China.,Postdoctoral Research Station, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
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43
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Epimedokoreanin B inhibits the growth of lung cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated paraptosis accompanied by autophagosome accumulation. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110125. [PMID: 36027945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epimedokoreanin B (EKB) is a prenylated flavonoid isolated from Epimedium koreanum. In this article, we described the anti-cancerous effects of EKB and its underlying mechanism in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 and NCI-H292 cells. EKB treatment inhibited cell proliferation and migration accompanied by cytoplasmic vacuolation in both cell lines. The cell death induced by EKB lacked the features of apoptosis like chromatin condensation, phosphatidyl serine exposure and caspase cleavage. The vacuoles stimulated by EKB predominantly derived from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria dilation, which are the characteristics of paraptosis. Down-regulation of Alix and up-regulation of ER stress-related proteins after EKB treatment further supported the occurrence of paraptosis. ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) and protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) treatment antagonized the vacuoles formation as well as cell death induced by EKB, indicating that ER stress was involved in EKB induced paraptosis. In addition, autophagosome accumulation accompanied with autophagy flux blocking was observed in EKB treated cells, this was consistent with the occurrence of ER stress. Collectively, EKB was demonstrated as a paraptosis-like cell death inducer in A549 and NCI-H292 cells. The inhibitory effect of EKB on lung cancer cell proliferation was further demonstrated in a zebrafish xenograft model. These findings raise the possibility that paraptosis inducers may be considered as alternative choices for lung cancer therapy.
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Gadre S, Manikandan M, Duari P, Chhatar S, Sharma A, Khatri S, Kode J, Barkume M, Kasinathan NK, Nagare M, Patkar M, Ingle A, Kumar M, Kolthur‐Seetharam U, Patra M. A Rationally Designed Bimetallic Platinum (II)‐Ferrocene Antitumor Agent Induces Non‐Apoptotic Cell Death and Exerts
in Vivo
Efficacy. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201259. [PMID: 35638709 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Gadre
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - M. Manikandan
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Prakash Duari
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Sushant Chhatar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Astha Sharma
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Subhash Khatri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Jyoti Kode
- Tumor Immunology & Immunotherapy Group (Kode lab) Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
- Anti-Cancer Drug Screening Facility (ACDSF), ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute BARC Training School Complex Anushaktinagar Mumbai Maharashtra 400094 India
| | - Madan Barkume
- Anti-Cancer Drug Screening Facility (ACDSF), ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
| | - Nirmal Kumar Kasinathan
- Anti-Cancer Drug Screening Facility (ACDSF), ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
| | - Manasi Nagare
- Tumor Immunology & Immunotherapy Group (Kode lab) Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
- Anti-Cancer Drug Screening Facility (ACDSF), ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
| | - Meena Patkar
- Tumor Immunology & Immunotherapy Group (Kode lab) Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
| | - Arvind Ingle
- Homi Bhabha National Institute BARC Training School Complex Anushaktinagar Mumbai Maharashtra 400094 India
- Laboratory Animal Facility ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar Navi Mumbai 410210 India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute BARC Training School Complex Anushaktinagar Mumbai Maharashtra 400094 India
- Protein Crystallography Section Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Ullas Kolthur‐Seetharam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
| | - Malay Patra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai Maharashtra 400005 India
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Aoki S, Yokoi K, Hisamatsu Y, Balachandran C, Tamura Y, Tanaka T. Post-complexation Functionalization of Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes and Applications to Biomedical and Material Sciences. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:36. [PMID: 35948812 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated iridium(III) (Ir(III)) complexes exhibit excellent photophysical properties that include large Stokes shift, high emission quantum yields, and microsecond-order emission lifetimes, due to low-lying metal-to-ligand charge transfer (spin-forbidden singlet-triplet (3MLCT) transition). As a result, analogs have been applied for research not only in the material sciences, such as the development of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but also for photocatalysts, bioimaging probes, and anticancer reagents. Although a variety of methods for the synthesis and the applications of functionalized cyclometalated iridium complexes have been reported, functional groups are generally introduced to the ligands prior to the complexation with Ir salts. Therefore, it is difficult to introduce thermally unstable functional groups such as peptides and sugars due to the harsh reaction conditions such as the high temperatures used in the complexation with Ir salts. In this review, the functionalization of Ir complexes after the formation of cyclometalated Ir complexes and their biological and material applications are described. These methods are referred to as "post-complexation functionalization (PCF)." In this review, applications of PCF to the design and synthesis of Ir(III) complexes that exhibit blue -red and white color emissions, luminescence pH probes, luminescent probes of cancer cells, compounds that induce cell death in cancer cells, and luminescent complexes that have long emission lifetimes are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan. .,Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan. .,Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kenta Yokoi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hisamatsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chandrasekar Balachandran
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Vitamin D 3 and Salinomycin synergy in MCF-7 cells cause cell death via endoplasmic reticulum stress in monolayer and 3D cell culture. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 452:116178. [PMID: 35914560 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1α, 25, dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D), the active form of vitamin D3, has antitumor properties in several cancer cell lines in vitro. Salinomycin (Sal) has anticancer activity against cancer cell lines. This study aims to examine the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect of Sal associated with 1,25D on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line cultured in monolayer (2D) and three-dimensional models (mammospheres). We also aim to evaluate the molecular mechanism of Sal and 1,25D-mediated effects. We report that Sal and 1,25D act synergistically in MCF-7 mammospheres and monolayer causing G1 cell cycle arrest, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction with a long-lasting cytotoxic response represented by clonogenic and mammosphere assay. We observed the induction of cell death by apoptosis with upregulation in mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes (CASP7, CASP9, and BBC3). Extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization, a morphological characteristic found in paraptosis, was also seen and could be triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) as we found transcriptional upregulation of genes related to ER stress (ATF6, GADD153, GADD45G, EIF2AK3, and HSPA5). Overall, Sal and 1,25D act synergistically, inhibiting cell proliferation by activating simultaneously multiple death pathways and may be a novel and promising luminal A breast cancer therapy strategy.
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Ma L, Xuan X, Fan M, Zhang Y, Yuan G, Huang G, Liu Z. A novel 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative induces breast cancer cell death through paraptosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis 2022; 27:577-589. [PMID: 35674852 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01737-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy represents one of the main conventional therapies for breast cancer. However, tumor cells develop mechanisms to evade chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis. Thus, it is of great significance to induce non-apoptotic cell death modes, such as paraptosis, in breast cancer. Herein, a novel 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, 5,7-dibromo-8-(methoxymethoxy)-2-methylquinoline (HQ-11), was obtained and its potential anti-breast cancer mechanisms were investigated. Our results showed that extensive cytoplasmic vacuoles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria were appeared in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by HQ-11 incubation, and pretreatment of cycloheximide was able to inhibit this vacuolation and HQ-11-induced cell death, showing the characteristics of paraptosis. ER stress was involved in HQ-11-caused paraptosis evidenced by the increase of glucose-regulated protein 78, C/EBP homologous protein and polyubiquitinated proteins. Molecular docking analysis revealed a favorable binding mode of HQ-11 in the active site of the chymotrypsin-like β5 subunit of the proteasome, indicative of proteasome dysfunction under HQ-11 treatment, which might result in further aggravated ER stress. Furthermore, treatment of HQ-11 resulted in increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and inhibition of ERK with U0126 significantly attenuated HQ-11-induced ER stress and paraptosis. In addition, exposure to HQ-11 also caused apoptosis in breast cancer cells partially through activation of ERK pathway. All these results conclusively indicate that HQ-11 triggers two distinct cell death modes via inhibition of proteasome and activation of ERK pathway in breast cancer cells, providing a promising candidate in future anti-breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojing Xuan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Minghui Fan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Guozan Yuan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Guozheng Huang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China.
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Sono-ReCORMs for synergetic sonodynamic-gas therapy of hypoxic tumor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu M, Xu C, Qin X, Liu W, Li D, Jia H, Gao X, Wu Y, Wu Q, Xu X, Xing B, Jiang X, Lu H, Zhang Y, Ding H, Zhao Q. DHW-221, a Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor, Overcomes Multidrug Resistance by Targeting P-Glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) and Akt-Mediated FOXO3a Nuclear Translocation in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:873649. [PMID: 35646704 PMCID: PMC9137409 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is considered as a primary hindrance for paclitaxel failure in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, in which P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is overexpressed and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is dysregulated. Previously, we designed and synthesized DHW-221, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, which exerts a remarkable antitumor potency in NSCLC cells, but its effects and underlying mechanisms in resistant NSCLC cells remain unknown. Here, we reported for the first time that DHW-221 had favorable antiproliferative activity and suppressed cell migration and invasion in A549/Taxol cells in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, DHW-221 acted as a P-gp inhibitor via binding to P-gp, which resulted in decreased P-gp expression and function. A mechanistic study revealed that the DHW-221-induced FOXO3a nuclear translocation via Akt inhibition was involved in mitochondrial apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest only in A549/Taxol cells and not in A549 cells. Interestingly, we observed that high-concentration DHW-221 reinforced the pro-paraptotic effect via stimulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Additionally, intragastrically administrated DHW-221 generated superior potency without obvious toxicity via FOXO3a nuclear translocation in an orthotopic A549/Taxol tumor mouse model. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that DHW-221, as a novel P-gp inhibitor, represents a prospective therapeutic candidate to overcome MDR in Taxol-resistant NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Liu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaochun Qin
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Deping Li
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangbo Xu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Xing
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingshi Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huaiwei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Gao L, Jiang Z, Han Y, Li Y, Yang X. Regulation of Pyroptosis by ncRNA: A Novel Research Direction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:840576. [PMID: 35419365 PMCID: PMC8995973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.840576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death (PCD), which is characterized by DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, cell swelling and leakage of cell contents. The process of pyroptosis is performed by certain inflammasome and executor gasdermin family member. Previous researches have manifested that pyroptosis is closely related to human diseases (such as inflammatory diseases) and malignant tumors, while the regulation mechanism of pyroptosis is not yet clear. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been widely identified in the genome of eukaryotes and played a paramount role in the development of cell function and fate after transcription. Accumulating evidences support the importance of ncRNA biology in the hallmarks of pyroptosis. However, the associations between ncRNA and pyroptosis are rarely reviewed. In this review, we are trying to summarize the regulation and function of ncRNA in cell pyroptosis, which provides a new research direction and ideas for the study of pyroptosis in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Han
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
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