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Mansoure AN, Elshal M, Helal MG. Renoprotective effect of diacetylrhein on diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury in rats via modulating Nrf2/NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114637. [PMID: 38582345 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DF)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by glomerular dysfunction and acute tubular necrosis. Due to limited treatment approaches, effective and safe drug therapy to protect against such AKI is still needed. Diacetylrhein (DAR), an anthraquinone derivative, has different antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of DAR on DF-induced AKI while elucidating the potential underlying mechanism. Our results showed that DAR (50 and 100 mg/kg) markedly abrogated DF-induced kidney dysfunction decreasing SCr, BUN, serum NGAL, and serum KIM1 levels. Moreover, DAR treatment remarkably maintained renal redox balance and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in the kidney. Mechanistically, DAR boosted Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response in the kidney while suppressing renal TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammatory signaling pathways. In addition, DAR markedly inhibited renal pyroptosis via targeting of GSDMD activation. Collectively, this study confirmed that the interplay between Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathways and pyroptotic cell death mediates DF-induced AKI and reported that DAR has a dose-dependent renoprotective effect on DF-induced AKI in rats. This effect is due to powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyroptotic activities that could provide a promising treatment approach to protect against DF-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Elshal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Manar G Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Mansoure AN, Elshal M, Helal MG. Inhibitory effect of diacerein on diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats via modulating SIRT1/HIF-1α/NF-κB and SIRT1/p53 regulatory axes. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111776. [PMID: 38471363 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the potential of repurposing the antiarthritic drug diacerein (DCN) against diclofenac (DCF)-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into four groups: Group I (CTRL) served as the negative control; Group II (DCF) served as the positive control and was injected with DCF (50 mg/kg/day) for three consecutive days (fourth-sixth) while being deprived of water starting on day 5; Group III (DCF + DCN50) and Group IV (DCF + DCN100) were orally administered DCN (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively) for six days and injected with DCF, while being deprived of water as described above. Changes in kidney function biomarkers were assessed. Levels of MDA and GSH along with NO content in kidney tissues were measured as indicators of oxidative stress status. Histopathological changes of the renal cortex and medulla were evaluated. Changes in renal NF-κB and SIRT-1 levels were immunohistochemically addressed. Western blotting was used to estimate the relative expressions of HIF-1α, p53, and active caspase-3. Our results showed that DCN inhibited kidney dysfunction and suppressed oxidative stress, which were reflected in improved kidney architecture, including less tubular degeneration and necrosis in the cortex and medulla. Interestingly, DCN reduced renal HIF-1α, p53, and active caspase-3 expression and NF-κB activation while increasing renal SIRT1 expression. In conclusion, for the first time, DCN counteracts acute kidney injury induced by DCF in rats by its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, and anti-apoptotic effects in a dose-dependent manner, which are mainly via targeting SIRT1/HIF-1α/NF-κB and SIRT1/p53 regulatory axes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Elshal
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar G Helal
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Abdallah AE. Review on anti-alzheimer drug development: approaches, challenges and perspectives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11057-11088. [PMID: 38586442 PMCID: PMC10995770 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer is an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes failure of cerebral neurons and disability of the affected person to practice normal daily life activities. There is no concrete evidence to identify the exact reason behind the disease, so several relevant hypotheses emerged, highlighting many possible therapeutic targets, such as acetylcholinesterase, cholinergic receptors, N-methyl d-aspartate receptors, phosphodiesterase, amyloid β protein, protein phosphatase 2A, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, β-secretase, γ-secretase, α-secretase, serotonergic receptors, glutaminyl cyclase, tumor necrosis factor-α, γ-aminobutyric acid receptors, and mitochondria. All of these targets have been involved in the design of new potential drugs. An extensive number of these drugs have been studied in clinical trials. However, only galantamine, donepezil, and rivastigmine (ChEIs), memantine (NMDA antagonist), and aducanumab and lecanemab (selective anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies) have been approved for AD treatment. Many drugs failed in the clinical trials to such an extent that questions have been posed about the significance of some of the aforementioned targets. On the contrary, the data of other drugs were promising and shed light on the significance of their targets for the development of new potent anti-alzheimer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University 11884 Cairo Egypt
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Attia H, Badr A, Alshehri O, Alsulaiman W, Alshanwani A, Alshehri S, Arafa M, Hasan I, Ali R. The Protective Effects of Vitamin B Complex on Diclofenac Sodium-Induced Nephrotoxicity: The Role of NOX4/RhoA/ROCK. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-01996-6. [PMID: 38413451 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01996-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DIC) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Unfortunately, its prolonged use is associated with nephrotoxicity due to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. We aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of vitamin B complex (B1, B6, B12) against DIC-induced nephrotoxicity and its impact on NOX4/RhoA/ROCK, a pathway that plays a vital role in renal pathophysiology. Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) normal control; (2) vitamin B complex (16 mg/kg B1, 16 mg/kg B6, 0.16 mg/kg B12, intraperitoneal); (3) DIC (10 mg/kg, intramuscular); and (4) DIC plus vitamin B complex group. After 14 days, the following were assayed: serum renal biomarkers (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, kidney injury molecule-1), oxidative stress, inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6), and fibrotic (transforming growth factor-β) markers as well as the protein levels of NOX4, RhoA, and ROCK. Structural changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis were detected using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome stains. Compared to DIC, vitamin B complex significantly decreased the renal function biomarkers, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and fibrotic cytokines. Glomerular and tubular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and excessive collagen accumulation were also reduced. Protein levels of NOX4, RhoA, and ROCK were significantly elevated by DIC, and this elevation was ameliorated by vitamin B complex. In conclusion, vitamin B complex administration could be a renoprotective approach during treatment with DIC via, at least in part, suppressing the NOX4/RhoA/ROCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orjuwan Alshehri
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad Alsulaiman
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliah Alshanwani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samiyah Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Arafa
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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Ibrahim DS. Effect of vinpocetine against acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23658. [PMID: 38348719 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Vinpocetine (VIN) is a synthetic drug derived from the natural alkaloid vincamine. The antioxidation and anti-inflammation effects of VIN allow it to be used for multiple therapeutic purposes. So, the research aims to discover the possibility of using VIN to improve the nephrotoxicity of acrylamide (ACR). Twenty-four male albino rats were used in the trial: rats in the control group received 0.5 mL of oral saline, rats in the VIN group received an oral dose of VIN (5 mg/kg), rats in the ACR group received an oral dose of ACR (38.27 mg/kg), and rats in the VIN + ACR group received VIN and then ACR 1 h later. Rat blood and kidneys were collected 10 days after the experiment began to assess biochemical parameters and to examine both renal histopathological and immunohistochemistry. The ACR-treated rats showed high levels of serum kidney function biomarkers (creatinine, urea, and uric acid), serum protein biomarkers (total protein, albumin, and globulin), renal kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, renal malondialdehyde (MDA), and renal caspase-3 immunoexpression. Moreover, ACR lowed both renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and renal glutathione (GSH) level and caused renal histological alterations. While administration of VIN improved serum kidney function biomarkers, serum protein biomarkers, renal KIM-1, renal oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, and GSH), renal caspase-3 immunoexpression, and renal histological alterations induced by ACR. The study confirmed the ability of VIN to reduce the nephrotoxic effects of ACR, which was evident through the results of biochemical parameters and histological and immunohistochemical examinations of the kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa S Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Tashkandi HM, Althagafy HS, Jaber FA, Alamri T, Al-Abbas NS, Shaer NA, Harakeh S, Hassanein EHM. Vinpocetine mitigates methotrexate-induced duodenal intoxication by modulating NF-κB, JAK1/STAT-3, and RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signals. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:11-19. [PMID: 37493389 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2239491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite agent widely used to manage a variety of tumors and autoimmune diseases. Nonetheless, MTX-induced intestinal intoxication is a serious adverse effect limiting its clinical utility. Inflammation and oxidative stress are possible mechanisms for MTX-induced intestinal toxicity. Vinpocetine (VNP) is a derivative of the alkaloid vincamine with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The current study investigated the protective intestinal impact of VNP in attenuating MTX-induced intestinal intoxication in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS VNP was administered orally in a dose of 20 mg/kg, while MTX was injected intraperitoneal in a dose of 20 mg/kg. RESULTS VNP administration attenuated drastic histological changes induced by MTX and preserved both normal villus and crypt histology. VNP significantly attenuated oxidative injury by upregulating intestinal Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. VNP attenuated inflammation by reducing MPO, NO2-, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels mediated by downregulating NF-κB, NDAPH-oxidase, IRF3, p-JAK-1, and p-STAT-3 expressions. Moreover, VNP potently counteracted intestinal necroptosis by effectively downregulating RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, and caspase-8 proteins. CONCLUSION Therefore, VNP may represent a promising approach that can attenuate intestinal toxicity in patients receiving MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa M Tashkandi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Alamri
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf S Al-Abbas
- Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehad A Shaer
- Department of Chemistry, Al Lieth University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdul Lateef Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Çömez M, Cellat M, Kuzu M, Uyar A, Türk E, Kaya YS, Etyemez M, Gökçek İ, Güvenç M. The effect of tyrosol on diclofenac sodium-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23582. [PMID: 37975510 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Although diclofenac (DCF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is considered safe, its chronic use and overdose may show some toxic effects. The protective effect of tyrosol (Tyr) pretreatment against DCF-induced renal damage was investigated in this study. The 32 rats used in the study were randomly divided into four groups of eight rats each. According to the data obtained, it was determined that creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels increased in serum samples of the DCF group. Besides, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased in the kidney tissue. However, no change was observed in catalase (CAT) activity. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Tnf-α) levels increased and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) levels decreased. No change was detected in the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). When the DCF+Tyr group and the DCF group were compared, it was assessed that Tyr had a curative effect on all biochemical parameters. Also, kidney damages, such as degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium and congestion of veins, were obviated by treatment with tyrosol in histopathological examinations. It was determined that Tyr pretreatment provided a protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by DCF with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Çömez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Türk
- Department of Pharmocology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Selim Kaya
- Ministry of Health, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Urology, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey
| | - İshak Gökçek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Zhao M, Guo J, Tian C, Yan M, Zhou Y, Liu C, Pang M, Du B, Cheng G. Dual-targeted nanoparticles with removing ROS inside and outside mitochondria for acute kidney injury treatment. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 55:102725. [PMID: 38007068 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation are the main pathological features of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, systemic toxicity of anti-inflammatory drugs and low bioavailability of antioxidants limit the treatment of AKI. Here, the lipid micelle nanosystem modified with l-serine was designed to improve treatment of AKI. The micelle kernels coating the antioxidant drug 4-carboxybutyl triphenylph-osphine bromide-modified curcumin (Cur-TPP) and quercetin (Que). In the cisplatin (CDDP)-induced AKI model, the nanosystem protected mitochondrial structure and improved renal function. Compared to mono-targeted group, the mitochondrial ROS content of renal tubular epithelial cells acting in the dual-target group decreased about 1.66-fold in vitro, serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were reduced by 1.5 and 1.2 mmol/L in vivo, respectively. Mechanistic studies indicated that the nanosystem inhibited the inflammatory response by interfering with the NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways. This study provides an efficient and low-toxicity strategy for AKI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jialing Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chaoying Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mei Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chenxin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengxue Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Genyang Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Dada S, Fabiyi-Edebor T, Akintoye O, Ezekpo O, Dada O, Bamikefa T, Sanya J. α-Tocopherol Ameliorates Redox Equilibrium Disorders and Reduces Inflammatory Response Caused by Diclofenac-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Cureus 2023; 15:e50474. [PMID: 38222238 PMCID: PMC10784767 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diclofenac (DCF), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, but it can also be nephrotoxic. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) has been shown to protect against renal toxicity caused by various agents, including NSAIDs. This study aims to evaluate the pathophysiology of renal damage and the nephroprotective effect of vitamin E against DCF-induced renal damage in male Wistar rats. Animal and methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats, divided into six equal groups, were used for the study. Group 1 (control group) was treated with distilled water only, while the other groups received either high or low doses of DCF with or without a fixed dose of vitamin E. Renal function was assessed by measuring serum urea, creatinine, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). Oxidative damage and renal antioxidant levels were also assessed. Additionally, the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), renal cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and histopathological changes were evaluated. Results DCF caused a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, KIM-1, TNF-α, NF-κB, and malondialdehyde levels compared to the control group. However, in the groups treated with DCF plus vitamin E, a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and malondialdehyde was observed, along with improvement in renal function indices, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels comparable to the control group. The observed renal histopathological changes were consistent with the results of the biochemical parameters between the treated groups and the normal control rats. Conclusion Findings from this investigation suggested that DCF can be nephrotoxic at a certain dose when used for a prolonged duration. Co-administration of vitamin E suppressed the elevated inflammatory cytokines and led to changes in the cell redox-sensitive signaling pathways induced by DCF, with eventual amelioration of the nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Dada
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital/ Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
| | - Temitope Fabiyi-Edebor
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
| | - Olabode Akintoye
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
| | - Okechukwu Ezekpo
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
| | - Oluwasina Dada
- Renal Surgery Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Titilope Bamikefa
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Science Osun State University, Osogbo, NGA
| | - Joseph Sanya
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, NGA
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Hasan IH, Badr A, Almalki H, Alhindi A, Mostafa HS. Podocin, mTOR, and CHOP dysregulation contributes to nephrotoxicity induced of lipopolysaccharide/diclofenac combination in rats: Curcumin and silymarin could afford protective effect. Life Sci 2023; 330:121996. [PMID: 37536613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sepsis is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main gram-negative bacterial cell wall component with a well-documented inflammatory impact. Diclofenac (DIC) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a potential nephrotoxic effect. Curcumin (CUR) and silymarin (SY) are natural products with a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ones. The objective of this study was to examine the protective impact of CUR and SY against kidney damage induced by LPS/DIC co-exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups of rats were used; control; LPS/DIC, LPS/DIC + CUR, and LPS/DIC + SY group. LPS/DIC combination induced renal injury at an LPS dose much lower than a nephrotoxic one. KEY FINDING Nephrotoxicity was confirmed by histopathological examination and significant elevation of renal function markers. LPS/DIC induced oxidative stress in renal tissues, evidenced by decreasing reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase, and increasing lipid peroxidation. Inflammatory response of LPS/DIC was associated with a significant increase of renal IL-1β and TNF-α. Treatment with either CUR or SY shifted measured parameters to the opposite side. Moreover, LPS/DIC exposure was associated with upregulation of mTOR and endoplasmic reticulum stress protein (CHOP) and downregulation of podocin These effects were accompanied by reduced gene expression of cystatin C and KIM-1. CUR and SY ameliorated LPS/DIC effect on the aforementioned genes and protein significantly. SIGNIFICANCE This study confirms the potential nephrotoxicity; mechanisms include upregulation of mTOR, CHOP, cystatin C, and KIM-1 and downregulation of podocin. Moreover, both CUR and SY are promising nephroprotective products against LPS/DIC co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman H Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen Almalki
- Pharm D program, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alhindi
- Pharm D program, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham S Mostafa
- Statistics Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2456, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Şimşek H, Küçükler S, Gür C, Akaras N, Kandemir FM. Protective effects of sinapic acid against lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity: a multi-biomarker approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:101208-101222. [PMID: 37648919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Lead acetate (PbAc) is one of the top five most dangerous toxic heavy metals, particularly leading to kidney damage and posing serious health risks in both humans and animals. Sinapic acid (SNP) is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables that stands out with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This is the first study to investigate the effects of SNP on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in PbAc-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by biochemical, molecular and histological methods. 35 Spraque dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups of 7 rats each: control, PbAc, SNP (10mg/kg), PbAc + SNP 5, PbAC + SNP 10. PbAc at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight was administered via oral gavage alone or in combination with SNP (5 and 10 mg/kg body weight) via oral gavage for seven days. While PbAc impaired renal function by increasing serum urea and creatinine levels, SNP decreased these levels and contributed to the improvement in renal function. The administration of SNP reduced oxidative stress by increasing PbAc-induced decreased antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activities and GSH levels, decreasing MDA levels, a marker of increased lipid peroxidation. SNP administration reduced NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, NLRP3, and RAGE mRNA transcription levels, NF-κB, and TNF-α protein levels that are among the PbAc-induced increased inflammation parameters. Decreases in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and increases in apoptotic Bax, APAF-1, and Caspase-3 due to PbAc exposure, SNP reversed the situation. SNP reduced ER stress caused by PbAc by increasing PERK, IRE1, ATF-6, CHOP, and GRP-78 levels and made it tend to regress. SNP reduced autophagy damage by decreasing the Beclin-1 protein level increased by PbAc. The findings of the present study suggested that SNP attenuates PbAc-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye.
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Deparment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye
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Abu-Elfotuh K, Tolba AMA, Hussein FH, Hamdan AME, Rabeh MA, Alshahri SA, Ali AA, Mosaad SM, Mahmoud NA, Elsaeed MY, Abdelglil RM, El-Awady RR, Galal ERM, Kamal MM, Elsisi AMM, Darwish A, Gowifel AMH, Mahran YF. Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Combinations of Cocoa with Vinpocetine or Other Nutraceuticals in Rat Model: Modulation of Wnt3/β-Catenin/GSK-3β/Nrf2/HO-1 and PERK/CHOP/Bcl-2 Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2063. [PMID: 37631278 PMCID: PMC10457980 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating illness with limited therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD and explore the potential neuroprotective effects of cocoa, either alone or in combination with other nutraceuticals, in an animal model of aluminum-induced AD. Rats were divided into nine groups: control, aluminum chloride (AlCl3) alone, AlCl3 with cocoa alone, AlCl3 with vinpocetine (VIN), AlCl3 with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), AlCl3 with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), AlCl3 with wheatgrass (WG), AlCl3 with vitamin (Vit) B complex, and AlCl3 with a combination of Vit C, Vit E, and selenium (Se). The animals were treated for five weeks, and we assessed behavioral, histopathological, and biochemical changes, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. AlCl3 administration induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and downregulation of cellular antioxidants (Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, and TAC). AlCl3 also upregulated inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α and IL-1β) and GSK-3β, leading to increased tau phosphorylation, decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, and downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, AlCl3 intensified C/EBP, p-PERK, GRP-78, and CHOP, indicating sustained ER stress, and decreased Beclin-1 and anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expressions. These alterations contributed to the observed behavioral and histological changes in the AlCl3-induced AD model. Administration of cocoa, either alone or in combination with other nutraceuticals, particularly VIN or EGCG, demonstrated remarkable amelioration of all assessed parameters. The combination of cocoa with nutraceuticals attenuated the AD-mediated deterioration by modulating interrelated pathophysiological pathways, including inflammation, antioxidant responses, GSK-3β-Wnt/β-catenin signaling, ER stress, and apoptosis. These findings provide insights into the intricate pathogenesis of AD and highlight the neuroprotective effects of nutraceuticals through multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karema Abu-Elfotuh
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Amina M. A. Tolba
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Girls Branch, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed M. E. Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad A. Alshahri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Azza A. Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Sarah M. Mosaad
- Research Unit, Egypt Healthcare Authority, Ismailia Branch, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Nihal A. Mahmoud
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Magdy Y. Elsaeed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Demietta 34517, Egypt;
| | - Ranya M. Abdelglil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Rehab R. El-Awady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (R.R.E.-A.); (E.R.M.G.)
| | - Eman Reda M. Galal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (R.R.E.-A.); (E.R.M.G.)
| | - Mona M. Kamal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Ahmed M. M. Elsisi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa Darwish
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Ayah M. H. Gowifel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt;
| | - Yasmen F. Mahran
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
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Saraiva-Santos T, Zaninelli TH, Manchope MF, Andrade KC, Ferraz CR, Bertozzi MM, Artero NA, Franciosi A, Badaro-Garcia S, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Borghi SM, Ceravolo GS, Andrello AC, Zanoveli JM, Rogers MS, Casagrande R, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Verri WA. Therapeutic activity of lipoxin A 4 in TiO 2-induced arthritis in mice: NF-κB and Nrf2 in synovial fluid leukocytes and neuronal TRPV1 mechanisms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:949407. [PMID: 37388729 PMCID: PMC10304281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.949407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive roles in inflammation. We evaluated the effects and mechanisms of action of LXA4 in titanium dioxide (TiO2) arthritis, a model of prosthesis-induced joint inflammation and pain. Methods Mice were stimulated with TiO2 (3mg) in the knee joint followed by LXA4 (0.1, 1, or 10ng/animal) or vehicle (ethanol 3.2% in saline) administration. Pain-like behavior, inflammation, and dosages were performed to assess the effects of LXA4 in vivo. Results LXA4 reduced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, histopathological damage, edema, and recruitment of leukocytes without liver, kidney, or stomach toxicity. LXA4 reduced leukocyte migration and modulated cytokine production. These effects were explained by reduced nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation in recruited macrophages. LXA4 improved antioxidant parameters [reduced glutathione (GSH) and 2,2-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) levels, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA and Nrf2 protein expression], reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescent detection induced by TiO2 in synovial fluid leukocytes. We observed an increase of lipoxin receptor (ALX/FPR2) in transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1)+ DRG nociceptive neurons upon TiO2 inflammation. LXA4 reduced TiO2-induced TRPV1 mRNA expression and protein detection, as well TRPV1 co-staining with p-NFκB, indicating reduction of neuronal activation. LXA4 down-modulated neuronal activation and response to capsaicin (a TRPV1 agonist) and AITC [a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) agonist] of DRG neurons. Conclusion LXA4 might target recruited leukocytes and primary afferent nociceptive neurons to exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in a model resembling what is observed in patients with prosthesis inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Saraiva-Santos
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marília F. Manchope
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ketlem C. Andrade
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila R. Ferraz
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Bertozzi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nayara A. Artero
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anelise Franciosi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Badaro-Garcia
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sergio M. Borghi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Graziela S. Ceravolo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Janaína Menezes Zanoveli
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Michael S. Rogers
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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14
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Artero NA, Manchope MF, Carvalho TT, Saraiva-Santos T, Bertozzi MM, Carneiro JA, Franciosi A, Dionisio AM, Zaninelli TH, Fattori V, Ferraz CR, Piva M, Mizokami SS, Camilios-Neto D, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone Reduces the Arthritis Caused by TiO 2 in Mice: Targeting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Cytokine Production, and Nociceptor Sensory Neuron Activation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020872. [PMID: 36677929 PMCID: PMC9864652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthroplasty is an orthopedic surgical procedure that replaces a dysfunctional joint by an orthopedic prosthesis, thereby restoring joint function. Upon the use of the joint prosthesis, a wearing process begins, which releases components such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) that trigger an immune response in the periprosthetic tissue, leading to arthritis, arthroplasty failure, and the need for revision. Flavonoids belong to a class of natural polyphenolic compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Hesperidin methyl chalcone's (HMC) analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects have been investigated in some models, but its activity against the arthritis caused by prosthesis-wearing molecules, such as TiO2, has not been investigated. Mice were treated with HMC (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) 24 h after intra-articular injection of 3 mg/joint of TiO2, which was used to induce chronic arthritis. HMC inhibited mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia, joint edema, leukocyte recruitment, and oxidative stress in the knee joint (alterations in gp91phox, GSH, superoxide anion, and lipid peroxidation) and in recruited leukocytes (total reactive oxygen species and GSH); reduced patellar proteoglycan degradation; and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production. HMC also reduced the activation of nociceptor-sensory TRPV1+ and TRPA1+ neurons. These effects occurred without renal, hepatic, or gastric damage. Thus, HMC reduces arthritis triggered by TiO2, a component released upon wearing of prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara A. Artero
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Marília F. Manchope
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Thacyana T. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Telma Saraiva-Santos
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Bertozzi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jessica A. Carneiro
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Anelise Franciosi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda M. Dionisio
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila R. Ferraz
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Maiara Piva
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra S. Mizokami
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Doumit Camilios-Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre of Exact Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86039-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979
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15
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Abdelrahman RS, Nashar EME, Alghamdi MA, Al-Khater KM, Taha RI. Phosphodiesterase1 inhibitor "Vinpocetine" ameliorates the inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in urinary bladder: an experimental study. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:129-139. [PMID: 35817991 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic cystitis often develops in patients treated with cyclophosphamide (CP). Vincamine (vinca alkaloid) is the source of the synthetic derivative vinpocetine (Vinpo). Worldwide, Vinpo is used as a cerebroprotective drug. As it has anti-oxidant, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects but the power of Vinpo to prevent CP induced cystitis has not been studied. AIM OF STUDY This research was planned to explore the effect of Vinpo (10-30 mg/kg, orally) administered 1 or 4 h before inducing cystitis by CP injection (300 mg/kg, i.p.) on the urinary bladder of mice. RESULTS Administration of Vinpo 30 mg/kg, 4 h before CP injection ameliorated inflammatory markers. It reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), and BCL2 Associated X (Bax) expression in the bladder and increased the total antioxidant capacity level. Histological examination of the bladder has further supported these results. The present study suggests a protective effect of Vinpo (30 mg/kg, 4 h before CP injection) against CP-induced bladder inflammation. CONCLUSION This proposes that Vinpo 30 mg/kg may become a promising pharmacological drug to prevent urinary adverse effects in patients treated with chemotherapy using CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Sabri Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Riyadh, 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Mohamad El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, King Khalid University Post Office Box: 960, Abha, Postal Code: 61421, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology College of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Ismail Taha
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Maresin 2 is an analgesic specialized pro-resolution lipid mediator in mice by inhibiting neutrophil and monocyte recruitment, nociceptor neuron TRPV1 and TRPA1 activation, and CGRP release. Neuropharmacology 2022; 216:109189. [PMID: 35820471 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Maresin-2 (MaR2) is a specialized pro-resolution lipid mediator (SPM) that reduces neutrophil recruitment in zymosan peritonitis. Here, we investigated the analgesic effect of MaR2 and its mechanisms in different mouse models of pain. For that, we used the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia (electronic version of the von Frey filaments), thermal hyperalgesia (hot plate test) and weight distribution (static weight bearing), as well as the spontaneous pain models induced by capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) or AITC (TRPA1 agonist). Immune cell recruitment was determined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry while changes in the pro-inflammatory mediator landscape were determined using a proteome profiler kit and ELISA after LPS injection. MaR2 treatment was also performed in cultured DRG neurons stimulated with capsaicin or AITC in the presence or absence of LPS. The effect of MaR2 on TRVP1- and TRPA1-dependent CGRP release by cultured DRG neurons was determined by EIA. MaR2 inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory pain and changes in the cytokine landscape as per cytokine array assay. MaR2 also inhibited TRPV1 and TRPA1 activation as observed by a reduction in calcium influx in cultured DRG neurons, and the number of flinches and time spent licking the paw induced by capsaicin or AITC. In corroboration, MaR2 reduced capsaicin- and AITC-induced CGRP release by cultured DRG neurons and immune cell recruitment to the paw skin close the CGRP+ fibers. In conclusion, we show that MaR2 is an analgesic SPM that acts by targeting leukocyte recruitment, nociceptor TRPV1 and TRPA1 activation, and CGRP release in mice.
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Alorabi M, Cavalu S, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Mostafa-Hedeab G, Negm WA, Youssef A, El-Kadem AH, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Pentoxifylline and berberine mitigate diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity in male rats via modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113225. [PMID: 35671584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity (NT) is a renal-specific situation caused by different toxins and drugs like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs like diclofenac (DCF) lead to glomerular dysfunction. Pentoxifylline (PTX) and berberine (BER) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of PTX, BER and their combination against DCF-mediated acute NT. Induction of acute NT was done via DCF injection (150 mg/kg I.P, for 6 days) in rats. PTX 200 mg/kg, BER 200 mg/kg and their combination were administrated for 6 days prior to DCF injection and concurrently with DCF for additional 6 days. Acute NT was evaluated biochemically and histopathologically by measuring blood urea (BU), serum creatinine (SCr), kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1), integrin (ITG), and vitronectin (VTN), interleukin (IL)-18, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) with the scoring of histopathological alterations. PTX, BER and their combination significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated biochemical and histopathological changes in DCF-mediated acute NT by amelioration of BU, SCr, KIM-1, ITG, VTN, IL-18, NGAL, GFR, SOD, GSH, MDA and scoring of histopathological alterations. The combined effects of PTX and BER produced more significant effects (P < 0.05) than either PTX or BER when used alone against DCF-induced acute NT. In conclusion, BER and BTX were found to have potential renoprotective effects against DCF-induced NT in rats by inhibiting inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alorabi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology Department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Jouf, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt.
| | - Amal Youssef
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Aya H El-Kadem
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt.
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh 51744, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
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The Flavonoid Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone Targets Cytokines and Oxidative Stress to Reduce Diclofenac-Induced Acute Renal Injury: Contribution of the Nrf2 Redox-Sensitive Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071261. [PMID: 35883752 PMCID: PMC9312103 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is derived from citrus fruits among other plants. Hesperidin was methylated to increase its solubility, generating hesperidin methyl chalcone (HMC), an emerging flavonoid that possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a powerful regulator of cellular resistance to oxidant products. Previous data evidenced HMC can activate Nrf2 signaling, providing antioxidant protection against diverse pathological conditions. However, its effects on kidney damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have not been evaluated so far. Mice received a nephrotoxic dose of diclofenac (200 mg/kg) orally followed by intra-peritoneal (i.p.) administration of HMC (0.03–3 mg/kg) or vehicle. Plasmatic levels of urea, creatinine, oxidative stress, and cytokines were assessed. Regarding the kidneys, oxidative parameters, cytokine production, kidney swelling, urine NGAL, histopathology, and Nrf2 mRNA expression and downstream targets were evaluated. HMC dose-dependently targeted diclofenac systemic alterations by decreasing urea and creatinine levels, and lipid peroxidation, as well as IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-33 production, and restored antioxidant properties in plasma samples. In kidney samples, HMC re-established antioxidant defenses, inhibited lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated IL-10, reduced kidney swelling, urine NGAL, and histopathological alterations. Additionally, HMC induced mRNA expression of Nrf2 and its downstream effectors HO-1 and Nqo1, as well as reduced the levels of Keap1 protein detected in renal tissue. The present data demonstrate HMC is a potential compound for the treatment of acute renal damage caused by diclofenac, a routinely prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
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Elbaz EM, Ahmed KA, Abdelmonem M. Resveratrol mitigates diclofenac-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats via modulation of miR-144/Nrf2/GSH axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23129. [PMID: 35673973 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the extensive therapeutic uses of diclofenac, it may cause several adverse effects, including hepatorenal injury. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, make the agent effective in ameliorating a variety of drug-induced injuries. This study investigated the potential beneficial effects of resveratrol on diclofenac-induced hepatorenal toxicity and explored the role of miR-144 and its relationship to oxidative stress and inflammation triggered by diclofenac. Rats were divided into four groups: control; diclofenac group received diclofenac (10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal [ip]) for 7 days; prevention group received resveratrol concomitantly with diclofenac for 7 days; and the treatment group received diclofenac for 7 days followed by resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day, per oral) for another 7 days. Diclofenac administration induced a significant increase in serum hepatorenal biomarkers and histopathological aberrations. In addition, diclofenac upregulated miR-144 while reducing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein levels and glutathione (GSH) content. Moreover, diclofenac induced tissue inflammation and apoptosis as evidenced by increased protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and caspase-3. Intriguingly, resveratrol prevention or treatment significantly mitigated the toxic effects of diclofenac as manifested by normalization of the hepatorenal functions and amelioration of the histopathological changes. Resveratrol also triggered miR-144 downregulation with Nrf2 upregulation. Consequently, resveratrol showed hepatorenal antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities as manifested by improvement in the antioxidant markers along with a decline in NF-κB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 expressions. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a potential therapeutic role of resveratrol in mitigating diclofenac-induced hepatorenal insult, possibly via modulating miR-144/Nrf2/GSH axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Elbaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdelmonem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Doğruyol S, Akbaş İ, Koçak AO, Aygörmez S, Leylek HE, Akgöl Gür ST, Ertener Ö. Can Spesific Biomarkers Be Used to Enlighten the Major Mechanisms of Acute High Dose Diclofenac Sodium-Related Nephrotoxicity? EURASIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/eajem.galenos.2021.45467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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21
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Izak-Shirian F, Najafi-Asl M, Azami B, Heidarian E, Najafi M, Khaledi M, Nouri A. Quercetin exerts an ameliorative effect in the rat model of diclofenac-induced renal injury through mitigation of inflammatory response and modulation of oxidative stress. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221086530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC) is administrated to treat pain, inflammatory disorders, and dysmenorrhea but kidney problems are the main worries of the agent. The literature has revealed that quercetin (QR) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant attributes. This study aims to highlight the possible nephroprotective effects of QR on DIC-exposed rats. In this study, the animals after exposure to DIC (50 mg/kg, i.p) were administrated to QR (100 mg/kg, p.o). Then, the levels, as well as the activity of several oxidant and anti-oxidant mediators, were evaluated. Our results showed that DIC treatment was coupled with the elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and some pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, NF-κB, and IL-1β, suggesting that probably this agent exert its toxicity in the kidney tissue through inducing both oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, QR was successful in restoring the activity of antioxidant compounds such as GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT in the kidney tissue of DIC-treated rats. Moreover, in the presence of QR, DIC was unable to increase the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that perhaps QR might have anti-inflammatory properties. In agreement with this, the results of the histopathological evaluation also showed that while DIC increased the lymphocyte infiltration into the kidney tissue, QR reduced the number of lymphocytes in DIC-treated rats. The results revealed that QR exerted a supportive effect against diclofenac-induced renal injury in male rats through modulation of oxidative stress and mitigation of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Izak-Shirian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Najafi-Asl
- Department of Phathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Behzad Azami
- School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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22
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El-Maadawy WH, Hassan M, Abdou RM, El-Dine RS, Aboushousha T, El-Tanbouly ND, El-Sayed AM. 6-Paradol alleviates Diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury via autophagy enhancement-mediated by AMPK/AKT/mTOR and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 91:103817. [PMID: 35091105 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) causes high morbidity and mortality. With the absence of satisfactory treatment, we investigated the protective effects of 6-Paradol (PDL) against DIC-induced AKI, with focus on renal autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways . PDL has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and AMPK-activation properties. PDL was administered to DIC-challenged rats. Nephrotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammatory, and autophagy markers and histopathological examinations were evaluated. Compared to DIC, PDL restored serum nephrotoxicity, renal oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers. PDL almost restored renal architecture, upregulated renal Nrf2 pathway via enhancing Nrf2 mRNA expression and HO-1 levels. PDL suppressed renal NF-κB mRNA expression, and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway expression. Moreover, PDL enhanced renal autophagy through upregulating LC3B, AMPK and SIRT-1, and suppressed mTOR, p-AKT mRNA expressions and phosphorylated-p62 levels. Our study confirmed that autophagy suppression mediates DIC-induced AKI via AMPK/mTOR/AKT and NLRP3-inflammasome pathways. Also, PDL's nephroprotective effects could provide a promising therapeutic approach against DIC-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa H El-Maadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Rabab M Abdou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Riham S El-Dine
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Tarek Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Nebal D El-Tanbouly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Aly M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Azouz AA, Hersi F, Ali FEM, Hussein Elkelawy AMM, Omar HA. Renoprotective effect of vinpocetine against ischemia/reperfusion injury: Modulation of NADPH oxidase/Nrf2, IKKβ/NF-κB p65, and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23046. [PMID: 35315168 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) during kidney transplantation is a serious clinical problem with a high mortality rate and a lack of therapy. Therefore, there is a need to improve the ability of the kidney to tolerate IRI during transplantation. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of vinpocetine; a derivative of vincamine alkaloid; against renal IRI in rats with the elucidation of the involved mechanisms. Vinpocetine (25 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered for 10 successive days before the induction of ischemia by bilateral clamping of both renal pedicles for 45 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Blood and renal tissue samples were then collected for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological investigations. Vinpocetine significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in rats subjected to IRI. It also reduced mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase and renal content of malondialdehyde, while enhanced Nrf2 protein expression and renal content of reduced glutathione. The suppression of the provoked inflammatory response was evident by the downregulation of IKKβ and NF-κB p65 protein expressions, as well as their downstream inflammatory markers; tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase. In addition, vinpocetine reduced protein expression of the apoptotic executioner cleaved caspase-3. These nephroprotective effects were confirmed by the improvement in histopathological features. Collectively, the protective effect of vinpocetine against IRI could be attributed to modulation of NADPH oxidase/Nrf2, IKKβ/NF-κB p65, and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. Thus, vinpocetine could improve oxidant/antioxidant balance, suppress triggered inflammatory response, and promote renal cell survival after IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Hany A Omar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Lopes FNC, da Cunha NV, de Campos BH, Fattori V, Panis C, Cecchini R, Verri WA, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Antioxidant therapy reverses sympathetic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and hypertension in male hyperadipose rats. Life Sci 2022; 295:120405. [PMID: 35181311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is the main sympathetic output of the central nervous system to control blood pressure. Reportedly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can increase arterial pressure, leading to hypertension. As ROS increase the sympathetic tone in RVLM and obese animals present grater oxidative stress, it would be important to note this relationship. MAIN METHODS Therefore, we evaluated the systemic and central effects (in the RVLM) of vitamin C (vit C, an antioxidant) on the redox balance and cardiovascular and autonomic profiles in hyperadipose male rats. We also evaluated the neurotransmission by L-glutamate (L-glu) and vit C in the RVLM of awake hyperadipose rats. KEY FINDINGS Our study confirmed that hyperadipose rats were hypertensive and tachycardic, presented increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic modulation of the heart, and had increased plasma lipoperoxidation compared with the control rats (CTR). Oral vitamin C treatment reverted cardiovascular, autonomic, and plasma redox dysfunction. Hyperadipose rats presented a higher blood pressure increase after L-glu microinjection and a lower response to vit C in the RVLM compared with the CTR group. Biochemical analysis of redox balance in RVLM punches showed that hyperadipose rats have increased NBT and T-BARS, and after treatment with vit C, the oxidative profile decreased. The antioxidative activity of vit C reduced the amount of ROS in the RVLM area that might have resulted in lowered blood pressure and sympathetic modulation. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest central and peripheral benefits of vit C treatment on cardiovascular, autonomic, and oxidative dysfunctions in hyperadipose animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Novi Cortegoso Lopes
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Natália Veronez da Cunha
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Blenda Hyedra de Campos
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Health Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu Aparecido Verri
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Xu W, Yang J, Gu X, Su W, Pu F, Xie Z, Jin K, Su W, Mao L. Mechanochemical prepared ibuprofen- Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide drug delivery system for enhanced bioactivity with reduced renal injury induced by NSAIDs. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:351-363. [PMID: 35049408 PMCID: PMC8786252 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2026533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) was a widely used NSAID (a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) worldwide, and many drug deliveries had been reported to enhance bioavailability. However, higher bioavailability would increase the danger of renal injury caused by oxidative stress. This study prepared IBU-Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (IBU-PSP) drug delivery system via mechanochemical method. Due to drug delivery and renal protection effect of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP), the solubility of IBU-PSP was increased 8.22 times, and the bioavailability was increased 2.52 times compared with IBU, carrageenin-induced rat paw edema test also increased. Meanwhile, short-term and long-term renal injuries induced by IBU were notable decreases. In conclusion, IBU-PSP was a multifunctional drug delivery system with superior anti-inflammatory and renal protection effects. It will benefit from developing high-efficiency NADIs preparations with safer clinical applications while providing an efficient and energy-saving technology for polysaccharide drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Wenjing Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faxiang Pu
- Zhejiang Suichang Limin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lishui, China
| | - Zhangfu Xie
- Zhejiang Suichang Limin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lishui, China
| | - Kongliang Jin
- Zhejiang Suichang Limin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lishui, China
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichan Mao
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Refaie MM, El-Hussieny M, Abdel-Hakeem EA, Fawzy MA, Mahmoud Abd El Rahman ES, Shehata S. Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Vinpocetine, guards against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity via modulation of HIF/VEGF and cGMP/cAMP/SIRT signaling pathways. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:096032712211362. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221136209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent complicated with cardiotoxic adverse effects. Up till now, there are no researches discussing the role of vinpocetine (VIN) in DOX cardiotoxicity. Thus, the aim of our work was to study this effect and explore the different involved mechanisms. Methods: 50 male Wistar albino rats were subjected to DOX toxicity via administration of single i.p. Dose (15 mg/kg) on the 4th day with or without co-administration of VIN (10, 20, 30 mg/kg/day) orally for 5 days. Results: Our data revealed that VIN succeeded in protecting the heart against DOX induced damage as manifested by significant decrease of cardiac enzymes, hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and caspase3 levels. Furthermore, VIN given group showed marked improvement of the histopathological changes of cardiac injury, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), elevation of reduced glutathione (GSH), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1). Conclusion: We concluded that VIN could ameliorate DOX induced cardiac damage and this effect may be attributed to modulation of HIF/VEGF signaling pathway, up-regulation of cGMP/cAMP/SIRT pathway, inhibition of phosphodiesterase enzyme, besides its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M.M. Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Maram El-Hussieny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
| | | | - Michael A Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt
| | | | - Sayed Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
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Carvacrol exerts nephroprotective effect in rat model of diclofenac-induced renal injury through regulation of oxidative stress and suppression of inflammatory response. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08358. [PMID: 34816045 PMCID: PMC8591494 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC) is an NSAID that can cause toxic effects in animals and humans and carvacrol (CAR) is a monoterpene compound that displays effective pharmacological and biological actions. The purpose of this work was to assess the influences of CAR on DIC-induced renal injury and oxidative stress in male rats. The rats were segregated into four groups. Group 1, control group; Group 2 received DIC-only; Groups 3, received CAR-only and group 4 received DIC plus CAR. Changes in biochemical indexes, pathological changes, molecular biological indexes, and genes related to the inflammation of main organs were evaluated. The results of this work indicated that the amounts of the serum protein carbonyl, sGOT, sGPT, urea, creatinine, uric acid, nitrite content, MDA, serum TNF-α, and renal TNF-α gene expression were remarkably increased and the levels of the GPx, GSH, CAT, and SOD were significantly reduced in DIC-only treated animals compared to the control group. On the other hand, treatment with CAR after exposure to DIC led to significant improvements in abnormalities of DIC-induced renal injury and serum biochemical factors. The data approve that CAR diminished the deleterious effects of DIC exposure. In this regard, the findings of this study indicated that the administration of CAR could alleviate the noxious effects of DIC on the antioxidant defense system and renal tissue.
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Mora FAA, Musheshe N, Arroyave Ospina JC, Geng Y, Soto JM, Rodrigo JA, Alieva T, Buist-Homan M, Lezoualc'h F, Cheng X, Schmidt M, Moshage H. Metformin protects against diclofenac-induced toxicity in primary rat hepatocytes by preserving mitochondrial integrity via a pathway involving EPAC. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112072. [PMID: 34464747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has been shown that the antidiabetic drug metformin protects hepatocytes against toxicity by various stressors. Chronic or excessive consumption of diclofenac (DF) - a pain-relieving drug, leads to drug-induced liver injury via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage and ultimately apoptotic death of hepatocytes. However, whether metformin protects against DF-induced toxicity is unknown. Recently, it was also shown that cAMP elevation is protective against DF-induced apoptotic death in hepatocytes, a protective effect primarily involving the downstream cAMP effector EPAC and preservation of mitochondrial function. This study therefore aimed at investigating whether metformin protects against DF-induced toxicity via cAMP-EPACs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to 400 µmol/L DF. CE3F4 or ESI-O5 were used as EPAC-1 or 2 inhibitors respectively. Apoptosis was measured by caspase-3 activity and necrosis by Sytox green staining. Seahorse X96 assay was used to determine mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using MitoSox, mitochondrial MnSOD expression was determined by immunostaining and mitochondrial morphology (fusion and fission ratio) by 3D refractive index imaging. KEY RESULTS Metformin (1 mmol/L) was protective against DF-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes. This protective effect was EPAC-dependent (mainly EPAC-2). Metformin restored mitochondrial morphology in an EPAC-independent manner. DF-induced mitochondrial dysfunction which was demonstrated by decreased oxygen consumption rate, an increased ROS production and a reduced MnSOD level, were all reversed by metformin in an EPAC-dependent manner. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Metformin protects hepatocytes against DF-induced toxicity via cAMP-dependent EPAC-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Alejandro Aguilar Mora
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nshunge Musheshe
- Deptartment Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Johanna C Arroyave Ospina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yana Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Juan M Soto
- Department of Optics and Faculty of Physical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - José A Rodrigo
- Department of Optics and Faculty of Physical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tatiana Alieva
- Department of Optics and Faculty of Physical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manon Buist-Homan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Inserm UMR-1048, Institut des Maladies Metaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Univ Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Deptartment Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Sathishkumar P, Mohan K, Meena RAA, Balasubramanian M, Chitra L, Ganesan AR, Palvannan T, Brar SK, Gu FL. Hazardous impact of diclofenac on mammalian system: Mitigation strategy through green remediation approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126135. [PMID: 34157463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is an anti-inflammatory drug used as an analgesic. It is often detected in various environmental sources around the world and is considered as one of the emerging contaminants (ECs). This paper reviews the distribution of diclofenac at high concentrations in diverse environments and its adverse ecological impact. Recent studies observed strong evidence of the hazardous effect of diclofenac on mammals, including humans. Diclofenac could cause gastrointestinal complications, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, bone fractures, and skin allergy in mammals even at a low concentration. Collectively, this comprehensive review relates the mode of toxicity, level of exposure, and route of administration as a unique approach for addressing the destructive consequence of diclofenac in mammalian systems. Finally, the mitigation strategy to eradicate the diclofenac toxicity through green remediation is critically discussed. This review will undoubtedly shed light on the toxic effects of pseudo-persistent diclofenac on mammals as well as frame stringent guidelines against its common usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India
| | | | - Murugesan Balasubramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Chitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- Group of Fermentation and Distillation, Laimburg Research Center, Vadena (BZ), Italy
| | | | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Evaluation of Serum Cyclooxygenase, Hepcidin Levels in Acute Renal Injury (AKI) Patients Following Cardiac Catheterization. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 10:197-203. [PMID: 34604409 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.2.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute kidney damage is a severe condition common in patients who have undergone heart surgery (catheterization) and secondary injury is also referred to as being synonymous with surgery. The goal of this research is to determine the rate of cyclooxygenase and hepcidin levels in patients with acute renal injury (AKI) following cardiac catheterization. Methods The study is performed on (81) patients (64 males and 17 females) aged 40-75 years. Data from most patients are reported in the form of age, gender, and smoking background questionnaire. Results The results indicate a significant increase in serum levels of cyclooxygenase and hepcidin levels in patients with severe renal insufficiency after cardiac catheterization by (79%) males versus (21%) females. Conclusion In this study, improved risk prediction could enhance patient monitoring and treatment after surgery, direct patient treatment and decision making, and enhance participation in AKI interventional trials.
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Maidana LG, Gerez J, Hohmann MNS, Verri WA, Bracarense APFL. Lactobacillus plantarum metabolites reduce deoxynivalenol toxicity on jejunal explants of piglets. Toxicon 2021; 203:12-21. [PMID: 34600911 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The deterioration of food and feed stuffs and toxic intestinal effects due to fungal colonization and concomitant production of mycotoxins is an increasing concern. The development of fungi resistance to many commonly used chemical preservatives adds further alarm. Therefore, effective detoxification methods would be useful in counteracting this problem. Biotransformation/adsorption of mycotoxins by lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites is a promising approach to minimize the deleterious effects of mycotoxins. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Lactobacillus plantarum metabolites in reducing deoxynivalenol intestinal toxicity. To achieve this aim, histological, morphometrical and oxidative stress analyses were performed in the intestinal mucosa of piglets exposed to deoxynivalenol alone or associated with two strains (SN1 and SN2) of L. plantarum subsp. plantarum metabolites. Metabolites were obtained after dichloromethane (D) or ethyl acetate (A) extraction. Jejunal explants were exposed to the following treatments for 2 and 4 h a) culture medium (control group); b) deoxynivalenol (DON, 10 μM); c) L. plantarum metabolites DSN1; d) L. plantarum metabolites DSN1+DON; e) L. plantarum metabolites DSN2; f) L. plantarum metabolites DSN2+DON; g) L. plantarum metabolites ASN1; h) L. plantarum metabolites ASN1+DON; i) L. plantarum metabolites ASN2; j) L. plantarum metabolites ASN2+DON. The metabolites were incubated 1 h previously to DON challenge (one and 3 h of exposure). Histological assessment showed DON-treated explants with villi fusion and atrophy, multifocal apical necrosis and cuboid or flattened enterocytes with 2 and 4 h of exposure, while LP metabolites groups individually or associated with DON remained like control. The density of goblet cells in villi and crypts was reduced in DON explants compared to control group with 2 and 4 h of exposure; on the other hand, a significant increase in this parameter was achieved in LP metabolites groups compared to DON. Morphometric evaluation showed no difference in villi height or crypts depth in any treated explants. Overall, oxidative stress response assessments showed that explants exposed to SN1 extracted with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate, and SN2 extracted with dichloromethane reduced superoxide anion production. In conclusion, L. plantarum metabolites induced beneficial effects in intestinal mucosa, reducing the toxic effects of DON on intestinal morphology and oxidative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Maidana
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - J Gerez
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - M N S Hohmann
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - W A Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - A P F L Bracarense
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
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Abdou RM, El-Maadawy WH, Hassan M, El-Dine RS, Aboushousha T, El-Tanbouly ND, El-Sayed AM. Nephroprotective activity of Aframomum melegueta seeds extract against diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury: A mechanistic study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113939. [PMID: 33610709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Africa, Aframomum species have been traditionally used to treat illnesses such as inflammation, hypertension, diarrhea, stomachache and fever. Moreover, Aframomum melegueta seed extracts (AMSE) are used in traditional medicine to relieve stomachaches and inflammatory diseases. AIM Chronic administration of diclofenac (DIC) has been reported to cause acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a serious health condition. The nephroprotective effect of AMSE is yet to be elucidated. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the phytoconstituents of standardized AMSE, evaluate its nephroprotective effects against DIC-induced AKI in rats, and elaborate its underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The quantitative estimation of major AMSE constituents and profiling of its secondary metabolites were conducted via RP-HPLC and LC-ESI/Triple TOF/MS, respectively. Next, DIC (50 mg/kg)-induced AKI was achieved in Sprague-Dawley rats and DIC-challenged rats were administered AMSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) orally. All treatments were administered for five consecutive days. Blood samples were collected and the sera were used for estimating creatinine, urea and, kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 levels. Kidney specimens were histopathologically assessed and immunohistochemically examined for c-Myc expression. A portion of the kidney tissue was homogenized and examined for levels of oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH). Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, Bcl2 and caspase-3 renal levels were quantified by ELISA. Moreover, the protein expression levels of NF-ҡB p65 was quantified using Western blot analysis, whereas mRNA expression levels of AMPK, SIRT-1, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and STAT3 were detected using qRT-PCR in the remaining kidney tissues. RESULTS Standardized AMSE was shown to primarily contain 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 6-paradol among the 73 compounds that were detected via LC-ESI/Triple TOF/MS including phenolic acids, hydroxyphenylalkanes, diarylheptanoids and fatty acids. Relative to DIC-intoxicated rats, AMSE modulated serum creatinine, urea, KIM-1, renal MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, and caspase-3 levels. AMSE has also improved renal tissue architecture, enhanced GSH and HO-1 levels, and upregulated renal Nrf2, AMPK, and SIRT-1 mRNA expression levels. Furthermore, AMSE suppressed NF-ҡB p65 protein and STAT3 mRNA expression, and further reduced c-Myc immunohistochemical expression in renal tissues. Overall, our findings revealed that AMSE counteracted DIC-induced AKI via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Moreover, AMSE activated Nrf2/HO1 and AMPK/SIRT1, and inhibited NF-ҡB/STAT3 signaling pathways. Therefore, AMSE is a promising agent for inhibiting DIC-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab M Abdou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Walaa H El-Maadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Riham S El-Dine
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Tarek Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Nebal D El-Tanbouly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Aly M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Gao C, Liu C, Chen Y, Wang Q, Hao Z. Protective effects of natural products against drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review in recent years. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112255. [PMID: 33989732 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN) is a major cause of kidney damage and is associated with high mortality and morbidity, which limits the clinical use of certain therapeutic or diagnostic agents, such as antineoplastic drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and contrast agents. However, in recent years, a number of studies have shown that many natural products (NPs), including phytochemicals, various plants extracts, herbal formulas, and NPs derived from animals, confer protective effects against DIN through multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms, such as inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and necroptosis, regulation of autophagy, maintenance of cell polarity, etc., by regulating multiple signaling pathways and novel molecular targets. In this review, we summarize and discuss the protective effects and mechanisms underlying the action of NPs against DIN found in recent years, which will contribute to the development of promising renal protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Qingtao Wang
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Phosphodiesterase (1, 3 & 5) inhibitors attenuate diclofenac-induced acute kidney toxicity in rats. Life Sci 2021; 277:119506. [PMID: 33865881 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac, one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, leads to severe adverse effects on the kidneys. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential pretreatment effect of phosphodiesterase (1, 3 & 5) inhibitors on diclofenac-induced acute renal failure in rats. Rats orally received pentoxifylline (100 mg/kg), vinpocetine (20 mg/kg), cilostazol (50 mg/kg), or sildenafil (5 mg/kg) once per day for 6 consecutive days. Diclofenac (15 mg/kg) was injected on day-4, -5 and -6 in all groups except normal control group. The used phosphodiesterase inhibitors significantly reduced the diclofenac-induced elevation in the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and cystatin C. Moreover, the renal tissue contents of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor (NF)-κB as well as the protein expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and high mobility group box (HMGB) 1 were markedly reduced by the used phosphodiesterase inhibitors, as compared to the diclofenac control. This was reflected on the marked improvement in histopathological changes induced by diclofenac. Sildenafil showed the best protection regarding TNF-α and NF-κB, while cilostazol showed the best results regarding TLR4, HMGB1 and histopathological examination. This study revealed the good protective effect of these phosphodiesterase inhibitors against diclofenac-induced acute renal failure.
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Vinpocetine protects against the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2959-2976. [PMID: 33111936 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), commonly occurring in the aged population, is a degenerative disease that dilate and weaken infrarenal aorta due to progressive degeneration of aortic wall integrity. Vinpocetine, a derivative of alkaloid vincamine, has long been used for cerebrovascular disorders and cognitive impairment in the aged population. Recent studies have indicated that vinpocetine antagonizes occlusive vascular disorders such as intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. However, its role in vascular degenerative disease AAA remains unexplored. Herein, we determined the effect of vinpocetine on the formation of AAA as well as the intervention of pre-existing moderate AAA. AAA was induced by periaortic elastase application in C57BL/6J mice. Systemic vinpocetine treatment was applied daily via intraperitoneal injection. We showed that vinpocetine pre-treatment remarkably attenuated aneurysmal dilation assessed by diameter and volume. More importantly, vinpocetine also significantly suppressed the progression of pre-existing moderate AAA in a post-intervention model. Vinpocetine improved multiple cellular and molecular changes associated with AAA, such as elastin degradation, media smooth muscle cell depletion, collagen fibers remodeling and macrophage infiltration in aneurysmal tissues. Vinpocetine potently suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activation and proinflammatory mediator expression in primary cultured macrophages in vitro, as well as in the aorta wall in vivo, suggesting vinpocetine conferred anti-AAA effect at least partially via the inhibition of inflammation. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel role of vinpocetine in AAA formation, development and progression. Given the excellent safety profile of vinpocetine, the present study suggests vinpocetine may be a novel therapeutic agent for AAA prevention and treatment.
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Chyau CC, Wu HL, Peng CC, Huang SH, Chen CC, Chen CH, Peng RY. Potential Protection Effect of ER Homeostasis of N 6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine Isolated from Cordyceps cicadae in Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Stimulated Human Proximal Tubular Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041577. [PMID: 33557248 PMCID: PMC7913954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belong to a class of universally and commonly used anti-inflammatory analgesics worldwide. A diversity of drawbacks of NSAIDs have been reported including cellular oxidative stress, which in turn triggers the accumulation of unfolded proteins, enhancing endoplasmic reticulum stress, and finally resulting in renal cell damage. Cordyceps cicadae (CC) has been used as a traditional medicine for improving renal function via its anti-inflammatory effects. N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenosine (HEA), a physiologically active compound, has been reported from CC mycelia (CCM) with anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesize that HEA could protect human proximal tubular cells (HK–2) from NSAID-mediated effects on differential gene expression at the mRNA and protein levels. To verify this, we first isolated HEA from CCM using Sephadex® LH–20 column chromatography. The MTT assay revealed HEA to be nontoxic up to 100 µM toward HK–2 cells. The HK–2 cells were pretreated with HEA (10–20 µM) and then insulted with the NSAIDs diclofenac (DCF, 200 µM) and meloxicam (MXC, 400 µM) for 24 h. HEA (20 µM) effectively prevented ER stress by attenuating ROS production (p < 0.001) and gene expression of ATF–6, PERK, IRE1α, CDCFHOP, IL1β, and NFκB within 24 h. Moreover, HEA reversed the increase of GRP78 and CHOP protein expression levels induced by DCF and MXC, and restored the ER homeostasis. These results demonstrated that HEA treatments effectively protect against DCF- and MXC-induced ER stress damage in human proximal tubular cells through regulation of the GRP78/ATF6/PERK/IRE1α/CHOP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charng-Cherng Chyau
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; (H.-L.W.); (S.-H.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-C.C.); (R.Y.P.)
| | - Huei-Lin Wu
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; (H.-L.W.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Chiung-Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Shiau-Huei Huang
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; (H.-L.W.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Grape King Biotechnology Center, Chung-Li City 320054, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Robert Y. Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; (H.-L.W.); (S.-H.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-C.C.); (R.Y.P.)
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Hashem KS, Abdelazem AZ, Mohammed MA, Nagi AM, Aboulhoda BE, Mohammed ET, Abdel-Daim MM. Thymoquinone alleviates mitochondrial viability and apoptosis in diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) via regulating Mfn2 and miR-34a mRNA expressions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10100-10113. [PMID: 33165700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study was prepared to assess the underlying mechanism of diclofenac (Diclo)-stimulated renal oxidative damage (50 mg/kg/day for two consecutive days I.P) and antioxidative, and antiapoptotic effects of Thymoquinone (20 mg/kg/day for 21 days P.O). Exposure of rats to Diclo significantly increased serum urea and creatinine, decreased GSH, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity with a concomitant increase of lipid peroxidation. Diclo significantly decreased renal mitochondrial viability %, increased DNA fragmentation %, caspase 3 activity, and cytochrome C (Cyt C) concentration. Molecular investigations revealed that Diclo administration caused a significant reduction of mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) and increase of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) mRNA expressions with a concomitant decrease of Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA expressions/protein levels and increase of NF-κB mRNA expressions. Thymoquinone restored renal oxidative/antioxidant redox. Thymoquinone significantly increased the renal mitochondrial viability % and reduced renal DNA fragmentation %, caspase 3 activity, and Cyt C. Moreover, thymoquinone modulated renal Mfn2 and miR-34a as compared to Diclo group. Our findings were confirmed by immunohistochemical assays for detecting the iNOS and NOX4 in renal tissue as well as histopathological investigations. Obtained results demonstrated that thymoquinone possess a potential antioxidant, antiapoptotic defense and exhibited a strong nephroprotective activity against Diclo-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Shaaban Hashem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Zakaria Abdelazem
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Amr M Nagi
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mohammed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
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Moradi A, Abolfathi M, Javadian M, Heidarian E, Roshanmehr H, Khaledi M, Nouri A. Gallic Acid Exerts Nephroprotective, Anti-Oxidative Stress, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Against Diclofenac-Induced Renal Injury in Malerats. Arch Med Res 2020; 52:380-388. [PMID: 33358172 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Diclofenac (DIC) is a Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and consumption of this drug creates side effects such as renal injury. The purpose of this work was to assess the influences of gallic acid (GA) on DIC-induced renal injury in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were segregated into five groups. Group 1, control group; Group 2 received DIC-only (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days; Groups 3, received GA-only (100 mg/kg bw, po) for 7 consecutive days; group 4 received DIC (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) plus GA (50 mg/kg, po) for 7 consecutive days and group 5 received DIC (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) plus GA (100 mg/kg, po) for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS The data indicated that the levels of the serum protein carbonyl, sGOT, sGPT, urea, creatinine, uric acid, nitrite content, MDA, serum IL-1β, and the renal IL-1β gene expression were remarkably increased in DIC-only treated animals compared to control group. In the other hand, treatment with gallic acid led to significant improvements in abnormalities of DIC-induced oxidative stress and serum biochemical parameters. Histological changes were also ameliorated by GA oral administration. CONCLUSION The results indicated that oral injection of GA could alleviate the noxious effects of DIC on the antioxidant defense system and renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moradi
- Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abolfathi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahsa Javadian
- Medical Plant Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hoshang Roshanmehr
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bindu S, Mazumder S, Bandyopadhyay U. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: A current perspective. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114147. [PMID: 32653589 PMCID: PMC7347500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the efficacy in reducing pain and inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are amongst the most popularly used medicines confirming their position in the WHO's Model List of Essential Medicines. With escalating musculoskeletal complications, as evident from 2016 Global Burden of Disease data, NSAID usage is evidently unavoidable. Apart from analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic efficacies, NSAIDs are further documented to offer protection against diverse critical disorders including cancer and heart attacks. However, data from multiple placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses studies alarmingly signify the adverse effects of NSAIDs in gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, cerebral and pulmonary complications. Although extensive research has elucidated the mechanisms underlying the clinical hazards of NSAIDs, no review has extensively collated the outcomes on various multiorgan toxicities of these drugs together. In this regard, the present review provides a comprehensive insight of the existing knowledge and recent developments on NSAID-induced organ damage. It precisely encompasses the current understanding of structure, classification and mode of action of NSAIDs while reiterating on the emerging instances of NSAID drug repurposing along with pharmacophore modification aimed at safer usage of NSAIDs where toxic effects are tamed without compromising the clinical benefits. The review does not intend to vilify these 'wonder drugs'; rather provides a careful understanding of their side-effects which would be beneficial in evaluating the risk-benefit threshold while rationally using NSAIDs at safer dose and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101 India
| | - Somnath Mazumder
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India; Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Rd, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India.
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40
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Oyagbemi AA, Adejumobi OA, Ajibade TO, Asenuga ER, Afolabi JM, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Hassan FO, Nabofa EW, Olutayo Omobowale T, Ola-Davies OE, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Luteolin Attenuates Glycerol-Induced Acute Renal Failure and Cardiac Complications Through Modulation of Kim-1/NF-κB/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways. J Diet Suppl 2020; 18:543-565. [PMID: 32938255 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1811442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) has been documented as a life-threatening disease with high morbidity and mortality. We investigated the protective effect of Luteolin against ARF. In this study, forty-male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10). Group A received normal saline. Group B received glycerol (10 ml/kg BW, 50% v/v in sterile saline, i.m.). Groups C and D were pretreated with Luteolin 100 and 200 mg/kg for 7 days, and thereafter administered Glycerol (10 ml/kg BW, 50% v/v in sterile saline, i.m.). Administration of glycerol significantly increased systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. Renal protein carbonyl and xanthine oxidase increased significantly while significant reduction in the activity of renal glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase was observed in the glycerol intoxicated rats. Furthermore, administration of glycerol led to significant increases in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen together with reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Immunohistochemistry revealed that glycerol intoxication enhanced expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, nuclear factor kappa beta and cardiac troponin (CTnI). However, Luteolin pretreatment normalized blood pressure, reduced markers of oxidative stress, renal damage, and improved NO bioavailability. Luteolin also downregulated the expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, nuclear factor kappa beta and cardiac troponin. Together, Luteolin might open a novel therapeutic window for the treatment of acute renal failure and cardiac complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Enivwenaye Williams Nabofa
- Department of Physiology, Ben-Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Benard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Sanders O, Rajagopal L. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials and Epidemiology with a Mechanistic Rationale. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:185-215. [PMID: 32715279 PMCID: PMC7369141 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies, clinical trials, and reviews suggest increasing 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) with phosphodiesterase inhibitors is disease-modifying in Alzheimer's disease (AD). cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) signaling are disrupted in AD. cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). CREB binds mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, inducing synaptogenesis, memory, and neuronal survival gene (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α). cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate Sirtuin-1, which activates PGC1α. PGC1α induces mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant genes (e.g.,Nrf2) and represses BACE1. cAMP and cGMP inhibit BACE1-inducing NFκB and tau-phosphorylating GSK3β. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We review efficacy-testing clinical trials, epidemiology, and meta-analyses to critically investigate whether phosphodiesteraseinhibitors prevent or treat AD. RESULTS Caffeine and cilostazol may lower AD risk. Denbufylline and sildenafil clinical trials are promising but preliminary and inconclusive. PF-04447943 and BI 409,306 are ineffective. Vinpocetine, cilostazol, and nicergoline trials are mixed. Deprenyl/selegiline trials show only short-term benefits. Broad-spectrum phosphodiesterase inhibitor propentofylline has been shown in five phase III trials to improve cognition, dementia severity, activities of daily living, and global assessment in mild-to-moderate AD patients on multiple scales, including the ADAS-Cogand the CIBIC-Plus in an 18-month phase III clinical trial. However, two books claimed based on a MedScape article an 18-month phase III trial failed, so propentofylline was discontinued. Now, propentofylline is used to treat canine cognitive dysfunction, which, like AD, involves age-associated wild-type Aβ deposition. CONCLUSION Phosphodiesterase inhibitors may prevent and treat AD.
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Owumi SE, Aliyu-Banjo NO, Odunola OA. Selenium attenuates diclofenac-induced testicular and epididymal toxicity in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13669. [PMID: 32510627 DOI: 10.1111/and.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The adverse effect of diclofenac administration on the male reproductive organ in both humans and rats has been reported. Selenium, a trace element vital in nutrition, plays a significant part in cellular redox homeostasis, including male reproduction. However, the impact of selenium on male reproductive toxicity associated with diclofenac administration is lacking in the literature. The current investigation assessed the modulatory effects of selenium on diclofenac-mediated reproductive toxicity in rats. Rats were treated for fourteen consecutive days, either with diclofenac (10 mg/kg) or co-treated with selenium (0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg) body weight. Sperm parameters, enzymes of testicular function, luteinizing, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone were assessed in addition to oxidative stress indices and histopathological changes. Selenium significantly alleviated diclofenac-induced decreases in sperm count and motility, testicular function enzymes and levels of luteinizing hormone and testosterone in serum. Moreover, selenium co-administration at 0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg inhibited the diclofenac-induced decrease of antioxidant enzyme activities and increased oxidative stress parameters-lipid peroxidation, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species-in epididymis and testes of rats. Selenium (0.25 mg/kg) alone ameliorated diclofenac-mediated histological injuries in exposed rats. Collectively, selenium enhanced testicular and epididymal function in diclofenac-treated rats by suppressing nitrosative and oxidative stress in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Nazirat O Aliyu-Banjo
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oyeronke A Odunola
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Wardoyo AYP, Juswono UP, Noor JAE. The association between the diesel exhaust particle exposure from bus emission and the tubular epithelial cell deformation of rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23073-23080. [PMID: 32333344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08752-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The diesel vehicle emissions regarding particles have become a problem due to human health adversely. Especially ultrafine particles (diameter ≤ 100 nm) can deeply penetrate the human body leading to cell deformation. Investigation of the diesel ultrafine particle exposure to the cell deformation has become a challenge to build up understanding the impacts of ultrafine particles on human health. Moreover, the relationship between high exposure to diesel ultrafine particles and the deformation of the rat's tubular epithelial cells is not clear. In this study, we investigated the impact of the diesel ultrafine particle exposure to the rat's tubular cells. Three diesel busses were used as the sources of the particles, while 50 rats were used as the experimental animals. The diesel emission was filtered using an N95 particulate filter and a suction pump. The rats were exposed to the diesel ultrafine particle emission for 100 s with three different concentrations C1, C2, and C3 for eight consecutive days. All rats were sacrificed on the day after exposures to examine the histological images. The results showed that the deformation level of the tubular epithelial cells was positively associated with the concentration of the ultrafine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinto Yudi Ponco Wardoyo
- Laboratory of Air Quality and Astro Imaging, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Unggul Pundjung Juswono
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia
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Song W, Yin W, Ding L, Gao Y, Xu J, Yang Y, He X, Gong P, Wei L, Chen W, Zhang J. Vinpocetine reduces cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of NF-κB pathway and activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway in rats. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:1389-1401. [PMID: 32418008 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a complex clinical disease that is associated with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Drug-induced acute kidney injury occurs in approximately 19-33% of hospitalized patients. Cisplatin, one of the most commonly used and effective chemotherapeutic drugs not only exerts anti-tumor effects but also causes renal toxicity damage, affecting its clinical application. Vinpocetine is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drug that predominately acts in the nervous system. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of vinpocetine in an animal model of cisplatin-induced acute renal injury. Rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups. During a 10-day trial, rats in the control group were administered a physiological saline solution; rats in the model group received a 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin; and rats in the cisplatin + vinpocetine group received a 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin as well as a 5 mg/kg dose of vinpocetine via gavage. We observed that following cisplatin administration, the rats exhibited an increase in blood urea and creatinine levels as well as an increase in their inflammation and oxidative stress levels. In renal tissue, cisplatin caused the morphological changes typical of acute tubular injury. Vinpocetine reduced the cisplatin-induced acute renal function damage and tubular injury. In both in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that vinpocetine can confer protection of rat renal cells by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Therefore, vinpocetine is a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Weinan Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - JingJing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Pengju Gong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- Division of Nephrology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Huo X, Meng Q, Wang C, Wu J, Wang C, Zhu Y, Ma X, Sun H, Liu K. Protective effect of cilastatin against diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity through interaction with diclofenac acyl glucuronide via organic anion transporters. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1933-1948. [PMID: 32000294 PMCID: PMC7161545 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diclofenac is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. However, adverse effects in the kidney limit its clinical application. The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential effect of cilastatin on diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury and to clarify the potential roles of renal organic anion transporters (OATs) in the drug-drug interaction between cilastatin and diclofenac. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of cilastatin was evaluated in diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury in mice. Human OAT1/3-transfected HEK293 cells and renal primary proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) were used to investigate OAT1/3-mediated transport and the cytotoxicity of diclofenac. KEY RESULTS Cilastatin treatment decreased the pathological changes, renal dysfunction and elevated renal levels of oxidation products, cytokine production and apoptosis induced by diclofenac in mice. Moreover, cilastatin increased the plasma concentration and decreased the renal distribution of diclofenac and its glucuronide metabolite, diclofenac acyl glucuronide (DLF-AG). Similarly, cilastatin inhibited cytotoxicity and mitochondrial damage in RPTCs but did not change the intracellular accumulation of diclofenac. DLF-AG but not diclofenac exhibited OAT-dependent cytotoxicity and was identified as an OAT1/3 substrate. Cilastatin inhibited the intracellular accumulation and decreased the cytotoxicity of DLF-AG in RPTCs. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Cilastatin alleviated diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury in mice by restoring the redox balance, suppressing inflammation, and reducing apoptosis. Cilastatin inhibited OATs and decreased the renal distribution of diclofenac and DLF-AG, which further ameliorated the diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Cilastatin can be potentially used in the clinic as a therapeutic agent to alleviate the adverse renal reaction to diclofenac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- College (Institute) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, LiaoningDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Fattori V, Rasquel-Oliveira FS, Artero NA, Ferraz CR, Borghi SM, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Diosmin Treats Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Pain and Peritonitis by Blocking NF-κB Activation in Mice. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1018-1026. [PMID: 32083866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial infections induce inflammation and pain. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a pathogen-associated molecular pattern and the major constituent of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. Diosmin is a citrus flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Here we investigated the efficacy of diosmin in a nonsterile model of inflammatory pain and peritonitis induced by LPS. Diosmin reduced in a dose-dependent manner LPS-induced inflammatory mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia, and neutrophil recruitment to the paw (myeloperoxidase activity). Diosmin also normalized changes in paw weight distribution assessed by static weight bearing as a nonreflexive method of pain measurement. Moreover, treatment with diosmin inhibited LPS-induced peritonitis as observed by a reduction of leukocyte recruitment and oxidative stress. Diosmin reduced LPS-induced total ROS production (DCFDA assay) and superoxide anion production (NBT assay and NBT-positive cells). We also observed a reduction of LPS-induced oxidative stress and cytokine production (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) in the paw. Furthermore, we demonstrated that diosmin inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation in peritoneal exudate. Thus, we demonstrated, using a model of nonsterile inflammation induced by LPS, that diosmin is a promising molecule for the treatment of inflammation and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Rasquel-Oliveira
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nayara A Artero
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila R Ferraz
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sergio M Borghi
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
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Ferraz CR, Carvalho TT, Manchope MF, Artero NA, Rasquel-Oliveira FS, Fattori V, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in Pain and Inflammation: Mechanisms of Action, Pre-Clinical and Clinical Data, and Pharmaceutical Development. Molecules 2020; 25:E762. [PMID: 32050623 PMCID: PMC7037709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological pain can be initiated after inflammation and/or peripheral nerve injury. It is a consequence of the pathological functioning of the nervous system rather than only a symptom. In fact, pain is a significant social, health, and economic burden worldwide. Flavonoids are plant derivative compounds easily found in several fruits and vegetables and consumed in the daily food intake. Flavonoids vary in terms of classes, and while structurally unique, they share a basic structure formed by three rings, known as the flavan nucleus. Structural differences can be found in the pattern of substitution in one of these rings. The hydroxyl group (-OH) position in one of the rings determines the mechanisms of action of the flavonoids and reveals a complex multifunctional activity. Flavonoids have been widely used for their antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects along with safe preclinical and clinical profiles. In this review, we discuss the preclinical and clinical evidence on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory proprieties of flavonoids. We also focus on how the development of formulations containing flavonoids, along with the understanding of their structure-activity relationship, can be harnessed to identify novel flavonoid-based therapies to treat pathological pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R. Ferraz
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Thacyana T. Carvalho
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Marília F. Manchope
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Nayara A. Artero
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Fernanda S. Rasquel-Oliveira
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
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48
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de Mello Miyasaki AM, Rigobello C, Klein RM, Crespigio J, Flaiban KK, Bracarense AP, Mazzucatto BC, Barbosa DS, Moreira EG. Evaluation of hepatic and renal effects in rat dams and their offspring after exposure to paracetamol during gestation and lactation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:1301-1310. [PMID: 33317685 DOI: 10.1071/rd20142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracetamol (PAR) is the analgesic and antipyretic of choice for pregnant and nursing women. PAR may reach the fetus and/or neonate through the placenta and/or milk and effect development. This study evaluated possible hepatic and renal effects in rat dams and their offspring exposed to PAR using a human-relevant route of administration and doses from Gestational Day 6 to Postnatal Day (PND) 21. Dams were gavaged daily with PAR (35 or 350mg kg-1) or water (CON). Dams and pups were killed on PND21 and 22 respectively, and blood was collected for biochemical analysis (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine). The kidneys and liver were isolated and processed for histopathological assessment and evaluation of oxidative stress markers. Compared with the CON groups, pups exposed to 350mg kg-1 PAR had increased renal reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas dams exposed to both doses of PAR increased serum AST. PAR administration did not affect parameters of general toxicity or renal and hepatic oxidative stress. In conclusion, maternal exposure to human-relevant doses of PAR by gavage was not associated with hepatic or renal toxicity in the pups or dams, but PAR was not devoid of effects. Exposure to PAR increased renal GSH in pups, which could suggest an adaptive antioxidant response, and affected maternal serum AST activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Morgato de Mello Miyasaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatrics Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil; and Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila Rigobello
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Moreno Klein
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Crespigio
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Karina Keller Flaiban
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Bracarense
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Estefânia Gastaldello Moreira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-980, Londrina, PR, Brazil; and Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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49
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Lucchetti BFC, Boaretto N, Lopes FNC, Malvezi AD, Lovo-Martins MI, Tatakihara VLH, Fattori V, Pereira RS, Verri WA, de Almeida Araujo EJ, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Metabolic syndrome agravates cardiovascular, oxidative and inflammatory dysfunction during the acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18885. [PMID: 31827186 PMCID: PMC6906468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Obese Swiss mice, 70 days of age, were subjected to intraperitoneal infection with 5 × 102 trypomastigotes of the Y strain. Cardiovascular, oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters were evaluated in infected and non-infected mice. We observed higher parasitaemia in the infected obese group (IOG) than in the infected control group (ICG) 13 and 15 days post-infection. All IOG animals died by 19 days post-infection (dpi), whereas 87.5% of the ICG survived to 30 days. Increased plasma nitrite levels in adipose tissue and the aorta were observed in the IOG. Higher INF-γ and MCP-1 concentrations and lower IL-10 concentrations were observed in the IOG compared to those in the ICG. Decreased insulin sensitivity was observed in obese animals, which was accentuated after infection. Higher parasitic loads were found in adipose and hepatic tissue, and increases in oxidative stress in cardiac, hepatic, and adipose tissues were characteristics of the IOG group. Thus, MS exacerbates experimental Chagas disease, resulting in greater damage and decreased survival in infected animals, and might be a warning sign that MS can influence other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fernando Cruz Lucchetti
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, University Center of Araguaia Valley, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Natalia Boaretto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Novi Cortegoso Lopes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Donizette Malvezi
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Lovo-Martins
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Hideko Tatakihara
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rito Santo Pereira
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu Aparecido Verri
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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50
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Fattori V, Zaninelli TH, Rasquel-Oliveira FS, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators: A new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs. Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104549. [PMID: 31743775 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We now appreciate that the mechanism of resolution depends on an active and time-dependent biosynthetic shift from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolution mediators, the so-called specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs). These SPMs are biosynthesized from the omega-3 fatty acids arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Despite effective for a fraction of patients with rheumatic diseases and neuropathic pain, current analgesic therapies such as biological agents, opioids, corticoids, and gabapentinoids cause unwanted side effects, such as immunosuppression, addiction, or induce analgesic tolerance. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that isolated SPMs show efficacy at very low doses and have been successively used as therapeutic drugs to treat pain and infection in experimental models showing no side effects. Moreover, SPMs work as immunoresolvents and some of them present long-lasting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects (i.e. block pain without immunosuppressive effects). In this review, we focus on how SPMs block pain, infection and neuro-immune interactions and, therefore, emerge as a new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fattori
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Tiago H Zaninelli
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Rasquel-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Laboratory of Antioxidants and Inflammation, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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