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Tan YT, Li T, Wang RB, Liu ZK, Ma MY, Huang RZ, Mo HY, Luo SY, Lin JF, Xu RH, Ju HQ. WTAP weakens oxaliplatin chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer by preventing PANoptosis. Cancer Lett 2024; 604:217254. [PMID: 39270768 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
As the most abundant post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance. However, its specific effects on chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin-based regimens and the impact of these drugs on m6A methylation levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that the m6A methyltransferase Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) weakens oxaliplatin chemosensitivity in HCT116 and DLD1 cells. Mechanistically, oxaliplatin treatment upregulated WTAP expression, preventing multiple forms of cell death simultaneously, a process known as PANoptosis, by decreasing intracellular oxidative stress through maintaining the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a major antioxidant response element, in an m6A-dependent manner. In addition, high WTAP expression in CRC patients is associated with a poor prognosis and reduced benefit from standard chemotherapy by clinical data analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and patient cohort study. These findings suggest that targeting WTAP-NRF2-PANoptosis axis could enhance the antitumor efficacy of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Tao Tan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Ruo-Bing Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ze-Kun Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China; Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Meng-Yao Ma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ren-Ze Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Hai-Yu Mo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Shu-Yu Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Jin-Fei Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
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2
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Han H, Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhao Q. Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis inhibition: a novel approach for managing inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01519-7. [PMID: 39126567 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by persistent inflammation. Moreover, the existing treatments for inflammatory diseases only provide temporary relief by controlling symptoms, and treatments of unstable and expensive. Therefore, new therapeutic solutions are urgently needed to address the underlying causes or symptoms of inflammatory diseases. Inflammation frequently coincides with a high level of (reactive oxygen species) ROS activation, serving as a fundamental element in numerous physiological and pathological phenotypes that can result in serious harm to the organism. Given its pivotal role in inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis, ROS represents a focal node for investigating the (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) Nrf2 pathway and ferroptosis, both of which are intricately linked to ROS. Ferroptosis is mainly triggered by oxidative stress and involves iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The transcription factor Nrf2 targets several genes within the ferroptosis pathway. Recent studies have shown that Nrf2 plays a significant role in three key ferroptosis-related routes, including the synthesis and metabolism of glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4, iron metabolism, and lipid processes. As a result, ferroptosis-related treatments for inflammatory diseases have attracted much attention. Moreover, drugs targeting Nrf2 can be used to manage inflammatory conditions. This review aimed to assess ferroptosis regulation mechanism and the role of Nrf2 in ferroptosis inhibition. Therefore, this review article may provide the basis for more research regarding the treatment of inflammatory diseases through Nrf2-inhibited ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guojiang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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3
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Kim DY, Oh S, Ko HS, Park S, Jeon YJ, Kim J, Yang DK, Park KW. Sesamolin suppresses adipocyte differentiation through Keap1-dependent Nrf2 activation in adipocytes. Nutr Res 2024; 128:14-23. [PMID: 39002358 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Sesamolin, a lignan isolated from sesame oils, has been found to possess neuroprotective, anticancer, and free radical scavenging properties. We hypothesized that sesamolin could stimulate the activity of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and inhibit adipocyte differentiation of preadipocytes. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of sesamolin on adipocyte differentiation and its underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we determined the effects of treatment with 25 to 100 µM sesamolin on adipogenesis in cell culture systems. Sesamolin inhibited lipid accumulation and suppressed the expression of adipocyte markers during adipocyte differentiation of C3H10T1/2, 3T3-L1, and primary preadipocytes. Mechanism studies revealed that sesamolin increased Nrf2 protein expression without inducing its mRNA, leading to an increase in the expression of Nrf2 target genes such as heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) in C3H10T1/2 adipocytes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These effects were significantly attenuated in Nrf2 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, indicating that effects of sesamolin were dependent on Nrf2. In H1299 human lung cancer cells with KO of Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), a negative regulator of Nrf2, sesamolin failed to further increase Nrf2 protein expression. However, upon reexpressing Keap1 in Keap1 KO cells, the ability of sesamolin to elevate Nrf2 protein expression was restored, highlighting the crucial role of Keap1 in sesamolin-induced Nrf2 activation. Taken together, these findings show that sesamolin can inhibit adipocyte differentiation through Keap1-mediated Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seungjun Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sun Ko
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sanghee Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.
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4
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Su Y, Jin M, Chen F, Xu C, Chen L, Li L, Li Y, Zhao M, Zhu G, Lin Z. Promote lipolysis in white adipocytes by magnetic hyperthermia therapy with Fe 3O 4microsphere-doped hydrogel. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:155101. [PMID: 38150725 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad18e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become an ongoing global crisis, since it increases the risks of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, cognitive decline, and some cancers. Adipose tissue is closely associated with the disorder of lipid metabolism. Several efforts have been made toward the modulation of lipid accumulation, but have been hindered by poor efficiency of cellular uptake, low safety, and uncertain effective dosage. Herein, we design an Fe3O4microsphere-doped composite hydrogel (Fe3O4microspheres @chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/collagen), termed as Fe3O4@Gel, as the magnetocaloric agent for magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT), aiming to promote lipolysis in white adipocytes. The experimental results show that the obtained Fe3O4@Gel displays a series of advantages, such as fast sol-gel transition, high biocompatibility, and excellent magneto-thermal performance. MHT, which is realized by Fe3O4@Gel subjected to an alternating magnetic field, leads to reduced lipid accumulation, lower triglyceride content, and increased mitochondrial activity in white adipocytes. This work shows that Fe3O4@Gel-mediated MHT can effectively promote lipolysis in white adipocytesin vitro, which provides a potential approach to treat obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengshan Jin
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Pharmacy Department, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxiao Xu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Litian Chen
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Li
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeying Li
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Zhao
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkun Lin
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
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5
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Ohya S, Kajikuri J, Kito H, Matsui M. Down-Regulation of CYP3A4 by the K Ca1.1 Inhibition Is Responsible for Overcoming Resistance to Doxorubicin in Cancer Spheroid Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15672. [PMID: 37958656 PMCID: PMC10648085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa1.1, plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, metastasis, and the acquisition of chemoresistance. Previous studies indicated that the pharmacological inhibition of KCa1.1 overcame resistance to doxorubicin (DOX) by down-regulating multidrug resistance-associated proteins in the three-dimensional spheroid models of human prostate cancer LNCaP, osteosarcoma MG-63, and chondrosarcoma SW-1353 cells. Investigations have recently focused on the critical roles of intratumoral, drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) in chemoresistance. In the present study, we examined the involvement of CYPs in the acquisition of DOX resistance and its overcoming by inhibiting KCa1.1 in cancer spheroid models. Among the CYP isoforms involved in DOX metabolism, CYP3A4 was up-regulated by spheroid formation and significantly suppressed by the inhibition of KCa1.1 through the transcriptional repression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein, CEBPB, which is a downstream transcription factor of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. DOX resistance was overcome by the siRNA-mediated inhibition of CYP3A4 and treatment with the potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, ketoconazole, in cancer spheroid models. The phosphorylation levels of Akt were significantly reduced by inhibiting KCa1.1 in cancer spheroid models, and KCa1.1-induced down-regulation of CYP3A4 was reversed by the treatment with Akt and Nrf2 activators. Collectively, the present results indicate that the up-regulation of CYP3A4 is responsible for the acquisition of DOX resistance in cancer spheroid models, and the inhibition of KCa1.1 overcame DOX resistance by repressing CYP3A4 transcription mainly through the Akt-Nrf2-CEBPB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.M.)
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Kasai S, Kokubu D, Mizukami H, Itoh K. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Insulin Resistance, and Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response-Toward an Actionable Strategy for Anti-Aging. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1544. [PMID: 37892226 PMCID: PMC10605809 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly by mitochondrial respiration and function as signaling molecules in the physiological range. However, ROS production is also associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the etiology of IR and early events, especially mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production in insulin-sensitive tissues. Importantly, IR and/or defective adipogenesis in the white adipose tissues (WAT) is thought to increase free fatty acid and ectopic lipid deposition to develop into systemic IR. Fatty acid and ceramide accumulation mediate coenzyme Q reduction and mtROS production in IR in the skeletal muscle, while coenzyme Q synthesis downregulation is also involved in mtROS production in the WAT. Obesity-related IR is associated with the downregulation of mitochondrial catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the WAT, and the accumulation of BCAA and its metabolites as biomarkers in the blood could reliably indicate future T2D. Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates antioxidant enzyme expression in response to oxidative stress, is downregulated in insulin-resistant tissues. However, Nrf2 inducers, such as sulforaphane, could restore Nrf2 and target gene expression and attenuate IR in multiple tissues, including the WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Kasai
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Daichi Kokubu
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Diet & Well-being Research Institute, KAGOME CO., LTD., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
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Liu M, Wu K, Wu Y. The emerging role of ferroptosis in female reproductive disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115415. [PMID: 37660655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron, as an essential trace element for the organism, is vital for maintaining the organism's health. Excessive iron can promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thus damaging cells and tissues. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death distinguished by iron overload and lipid peroxidation, which is unique from autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis, more and more studies are focusing on ferroptosis. Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis is associated with the development of female reproductive disorders (FRDs), including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), endometriosis (EMs), ovarian cancer (OC), preeclampsia (PE) and spontaneous abortion (SA). Pathways and genes associated with ferroptosis may participate in processes that regulate granulosa cell proliferation and secretion, oocyte development, ovarian reserve function, early embryonic development and placental oxidative stress. However, its exact mechanism has not been fully revealed. Therefore, our review systematically elaborates the occurrence mechanism of ferroptosis and its research progress in the development of FRDs, with a view to providing literature references for clinical targeting of ferroptosis -related pathways and regulatory factors for the management of FRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; Department of Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; Department of Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China.
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Cheng MZSZ, Amin FAZ, Zawawi N, Chan KW, Ismail N, Ishak NA, Esa NM. Stingless Bee ( Heterotrigona Itama) Honey and Its Phenolic-Rich Extract Ameliorate Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance via KEAP1-NRF2 Signalling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:2835. [PMID: 37447162 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. This imbalance contributes to the development and progression of diabetic complications. Similarly, renal and liver diseases are characterised by oxidative stress, where an excess of oxidants overwhelms the antioxidant defense mechanisms, causing tissue damage and dysfunction. Restoring the oxidant-antioxidant balance is essential for mitigating oxidative stress-related damage under these conditions. In this current study, the efficacy of stingless bee honey (SBH) and its phenolic-rich extract (PRE) in controlling the oxidant-antioxidant balance in high-fat diet- and streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The administration of SBH and PRE improved systemic antioxidant defense and oxidative stress-related measures without compromising liver and renal functioning. Analyses of the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues revealed differences in their capacities to scavenge free radicals and halt lipid peroxidation. Transcriptional alterations hypothesised tissue-specific control of KEAP1-NRF2 signalling by upregulation of Nrf2, Ho1 and Sod1 in a tissue-specific manner. In addition, hepatic translational studies demonstrated the stimulation of downstream antioxidant-related protein with upregulated expression of SOD-1 and HOD-1 protein. Overall, the results indicated that PRE and SBH can be exploited to restore the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance generated by diabetes via regulating the KEAP1-NRF2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatin Aina Zulkhairi Amin
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhasnida Zawawi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim Wei Chan
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norsharina Ismail
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Akmal Ishak
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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9
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Lee J, Roh JL. Targeting Nrf2 for ferroptosis-based therapy: Implications for overcoming ferroptosis evasion and therapy resistance in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166788. [PMID: 37302427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death caused by redox-active iron-mediated lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis exhibits a unique morphological phenotype resulting from oxidative damage to membrane lipids. Ferroptosis induction has been shown to be effective in treating human cancers that rely on lipid peroxidation repair pathways. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can control the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis, which involve genes associated with glutathione biosynthesis, antioxidant responses, and lipid and iron metabolism. Resistant cancer cells often utilize Nrf2 stabilization by Keap1 inactivation or other somatic alterations in the genes from the Nrf2 pathway, which can confer resistance to ferroptosis induction and other therapies. However, pharmacological inactivation of the Nrf2 pathway can sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis induction. Inducing lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis through regulating the Nrf2 pathway is a promising strategy for enhancing the anticancer effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in therapy-resistant human cancers. Despite promising preliminary studies, clinical trials in human cancer therapy have not yet been realized. A deeper understanding of their exact processes and efficacies in various cancers remains unsolved. Therefore, this article aims to summarize the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, their modulation by Nrf2, and the potential of targeting Nrf2 for ferroptosis-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Miao M, Wang X, Liu T, Li YJ, Yu WQ, Yang TM, Guo SD. Targeting PPARs for therapy of atherosclerosis: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125008. [PMID: 37217063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chief pathogenic factor of cardiovascular disease, is associated with many factors including inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors and are widely expressed with tissue- and cell-specificity. They control multiple genes that are involved in lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and redox homeostasis. Given the diverse biological functions of PPARs, they have been extensively studied since their discovery in 1990s. Although controversies exist, accumulating evidence have demonstrated that PPAR activation attenuates atherosclerosis. Recent advances are valuable for understanding the mechanisms of action of PPAR activation. This article reviews the recent findings, mainly from the year of 2018 to present, including endogenous molecules in regulation of PPARs, roles of PPARs in atherosclerosis by focusing on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and synthesized PPAR modulators. This article provides information valuable for researchers in the field of basic cardiovascular research, for pharmacologists that are interested in developing novel PPAR agonists and antagonists with lower side effects as well as for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Miao
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yan-Jie Li
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wen-Qian Yu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Tong-Mei Yang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shou-Dong Guo
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Innovative Drug Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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11
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Casanova A, Wevers A, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. Mitochondria: It is all about energy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1114231. [PMID: 37179826 PMCID: PMC10167337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium homeostasis to the production of hormones and neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable and influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, the nucleus, and the outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk mechanisms between mitochondria and circadian clocks, the gut microbiota, and the immune system. They might even be the hub supporting and integrating activity across all these domains. Hence, they might be the (missing) link in both health and disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding the mitochondrial mechanisms of action that allow for the maintenance of mitochondrial health and the pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although mitochondria have allowed us to adapt to changes over the course of evolution, in turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences mitochondria in its own way. The use of physiological stress triggers tolerance to the stressor, achieving adaptability and resistance. This review describes strategies that could recover mitochondrial functioning in multiple diseases, providing a comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach to recovering health and treating people suffering from chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaloha Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Wevers
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
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12
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Li Y, Lee SH, Piao M, Kim HS, Lee KY. Metallothionein 3 Inhibits 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation via Reduction of Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030640. [PMID: 36978888 PMCID: PMC10045306 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein 3 (MT3), also known as a neuronal growth-inhibitory factor, is a member of the metallothionein family and is involved in a variety of biological functions, including protection against metal toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, less is known about the role of MT3 in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes. In this study, we observed that MT3 levels were downregulated during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Mt3 overexpression inhibited adipocyte differentiation and reduced the levels of the adipogenic transcription factors C/EBPα and PPARγ. Further analyses showed that MT3 also suppressed the transcriptional activity of PPARγ, and this effect was not mediated by a direct interaction between MT3 with PPARγ. In addition, Mt3 overexpression resulted in a decrease in ROS levels during early adipocyte differentiation, while treatment with antimycin A, which induces ROS generation, restored the ROS levels. Mt3 knockdown, on the other hand, elevated ROS levels, which were suppressed upon treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Our findings indicate a previously unknown role of MT3 in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes and provide a potential novel target that might facilitate obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Meiyu Piao
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.K.); (K.Y.L.)
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.K.); (K.Y.L.)
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13
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Hu C, Song X, Shao Z, Liu Y, Wang J, Sun B. Untargeted Metabolite Profiling of Adipose Tissue in Rats Exposed to Mepiquat. Foods 2023; 12:867. [PMID: 36832941 PMCID: PMC9956293 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mepiquat (Mep) is a contaminant produced by Maillard reaction with reducing sugar, free lysine and an alkylating agent under typical roasting conditions, particularly in the range of 200-240 °C. It has been reported that exposure to Mep is harmful to rats. However, its metabolic mechanism is still not clear. In this study, untargeted metabolomics was used to reveal the effect of Mep on the metabolic profile of adipose tissue in Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-six differential metabolites were screened out. Eight major perturbed metabolic pathways were found, which were linoleic acid metabolism, Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism. This study lays a solid foundation for clarifying the toxic mechanism of Mep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
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14
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Fernández-Mateos P, Cano-Barquilla P, Jiménez-Ortega V, Virto L, Pérez-Miguelsanz J, Esquifino AI. Effect of Melatonin on Redox Enzymes Daily Gene Expression in Perirenal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of a Diet Induced Obesity Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020960. [PMID: 36674472 PMCID: PMC9863119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is related to oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Our group has shown that melatonin totally or partially prevents the alterations that obesity causes in some neuroendocrine and inflammatory parameters indicative of oxidative stress. This study analyzes the effects of HFD on the relative gene expression of several redox balance enzymes on adult male Wistar rats subcutaneous (SAT) and perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) and the possible preventive role of melatonin. Three experimental groups were established: control, high fat diet (HFD) and HFD plus 25 μg/mL melatonin in tap water. After 11 weeks, animals were sacrificed at 09:00 a.m. and 01:00 a.m. and PRAT and SAT were collected for selected redox enzymes qRT-PCR. Differential expression of redox enzyme genes, except for SODMn, GPx and catalase, was observed in the control group as a function of fat depot. HFD causes the disappearance of the temporal changes in the expression of the genes studied in the two fat depots analyzed. PRAT seems to be more sensitive than SAT to increased oxidative stress induced by obesity. Melatonin combined with a HFD intake, partially prevents the effects of the HFD on the gene expression of the redox enzymes. According to our results, melatonin selectively prevents changes in the relative gene expression of redox enzymes in PRAT and SAT of animals fed an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
| | - Pilar Cano-Barquilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Virto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Optics, Complutense University, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliana Pérez-Miguelsanz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
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15
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Xia Y, Zhai X, Qiu Y, Lu X, Jiao Y. The Nrf2 in Obesity: A Friend or Foe? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102067. [PMID: 36290791 PMCID: PMC9598341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications have become serious global health concerns recently and increasing work has been carried out to explicate the underlying mechanism of the disease development. The recognized correlations suggest oxidative stress and inflammation in expanding adipose tissue with excessive fat accumulation play important roles in the pathogenesis of obesity, as well as its associated metabolic syndromes. In adipose tissue, obesity-mediated insulin resistance strongly correlates with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been described as a key modulator of antioxidant signaling, which regulates the transcription of various genes coding antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a pivotal target of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. However, its effects are controversial and even contradictory. This review aims to clarify the complicated interplay among Nrf2, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, insulin signaling and chronic inflammation in obesity. Elucidating the implications of Nrf2 modulation on obesity would provide novel insights for potential therapeutic approaches in obesity and its comorbidities.
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16
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Metabolic Syndrome Ameliorated by 4-Methylesculetin by Reducing Hepatic Lipid Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810465. [PMID: 36142378 PMCID: PMC9499566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure during a long period and is characterized by adipose tissue disfunction and hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-methylesculetin (4-ME), a coumarin derivative, upon adipose microenvironment and hepatic steatosis in mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), and to explore potential mechanisms of its beneficial effect on metabolic disorders. HFD-fed mice displayed visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic lipid accumulation, which was remarkably ameliorated by 4-ME treatment. Meanwhile, 4-ME ameliorated adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, hypoxia, and fibrosis in epididymal adipose tissue, thus improving the adipose tissue microenvironment. Furthermore, 4-ME reversed the increase in CD36, PPAR-γ, SREBP-1, and FASN, and the decrease in CPT-1A, PPAR-α, and Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus in livers of HFD mice and in FFA-incubated hepatocytes. Moreover, the beneficial effects of 4-ME upon lipid deposition and the expression of proteins related to lipid metabolism in FFA-induced LO2 cells were abolished by ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor, indicating that Nrf2 is necessary for 4-ME to reduce hepatic lipid deposition. These findings suggested that 4-ME might be a potential lead compound candidate for preventing obesity and MAFLD.
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17
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The Nrf2 antioxidant defense system in intervertebral disc degeneration: Molecular insights. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:1067-1075. [PMID: 35978054 PMCID: PMC9440120 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative musculoskeletal disorder and is recognized as a major contributor to discogenic lower back pain. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IDD remain unclear, and therapeutic strategies for IDD are currently limited. Oxidative stress plays pivotal roles in the pathogenesis and progression of many age-related diseases in humans, including IDD. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master antioxidant transcription factor that protects cells against oxidative stress damage. Nrf2 is negatively modulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and exerts important effects on IDD progression. Accumulating evidence has revealed that Nrf2 can facilitate the transcription of downstream antioxidant genes in disc cells by binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in promoter regions, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and NADPH quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). The Nrf2 antioxidant defense system regulates cell apoptosis, senescence, extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, the inflammatory response of the nucleus pulposus (NP), and calcification of the cartilaginous endplates (EP) in IDD. In this review, we aim to discuss the current knowledge on the roles of Nrf2 in IDD systematically. Insights into the activity of a protein that regulates gene expression and protects cells against oxidative stress could yield novel treatments for lower back pain. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common cause of lower back pain, but the molecular mechanisms underlying IDD are unclear, meaning treatment options are limited. Oxidative stress is implicated in IDD, and scientists have begun exploring the role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of the body’s antioxidant responses, in regulating IDD progression. In a review of recent research, Weishi Li at Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, and co-workers point out that boosting the activity of Nrf2-related signaling pathways alleviates oxidative stress in intervertebral disc cells. The researchers suggest that therapies based on non-coding RNAs may prove valuable in activating Nrf2 in IDD patients.
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18
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Kahremany S, Hofmann L, Gruzman A, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Cohen G. NRF2 in dermatological disorders: Pharmacological activation for protection against cutaneous photodamage and photodermatosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:262-276. [PMID: 35753587 PMCID: PMC9350913 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The skin barrier and its endogenous protective mechanisms cope daily with exogenous stressors, of which ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses an imminent danger. Although the skin is able to reduce the potential damage, there is a need for comprehensive strategies for protection. This is particularly important when developing pharmacological approaches to protect against photocarcinogenesis. Activation of NRF2 has the potential to provide comprehensive and long-lasting protection due to the upregulation of numerous cytoprotective downstream effector proteins that can counteract the damaging effects of UVR. This is also applicable to photodermatosis conditions that exacerbate the damage caused by UVR. This review describes the alterations caused by UVR in normal skin and photosensitive disorders, and provides evidence to support the development of NRF2 activators as pharmacological treatments. Key natural and synthetic activators with photoprotective properties are summarized. Lastly, the gap in knowledge in research associated with photodermatosis conditions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat, 8855630, Israel.
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19
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Ding S, Lu G, Wang B, Xiang J, Hu C, Lin Z, Ding Y, Xiao W, Gong W. Astilbin Activates the Reactive Oxidative Species/PPARγ Pathway to Suppress Effector CD4 + T Cell Activities via Direct Binding With Cytochrome P450 1B1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:848957. [PMID: 35652039 PMCID: PMC9150850 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.848957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astilbin, as a compound of flavonoids, exerts anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and immune-suppression activities. Decreased activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK and increased activation of SOCS3 and AMPK have been found in astilbin-treated cells. However, what molecules are docked by astilbin to initiate signaling cascades and result in functional changes remains unknown. In the study, we found that astilbin efficiently suppressed TNF-α production and increased CCR9 and CD36 expression of CD4+ T cells. In vivo administration of astilbin repressed the occurrence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in non-obese diabetic mice. The PPARγ/SOCS3, PPARγ/PTEN, and PPARγ/AMPK signaling pathways were substantially activated and played key roles in astilbin-induced downregulation of CD4+ T cell functions. Transcriptome sequencing results confirmed the changes of signaling molecules involved in the immune system, inflammatory responses, and indicated variations of multiple enzymes with oxidant or antioxidant activities. Astilbin directly induced cytoplasmic ROS production of CD4+ T cells ex vivo, but had no effects on mitochondrial ROS and mitochondrial weight. When cellular ROS was depleted, astilbin-treated CD4+ T cells remarkably reversed the expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCR9, CD36, and signaling molecules (PPARγ, PTEN, p-AMPK, and SOCS3). Based on bioinformatics, two P450 enzymes (CYP1B1 and CYP19A1) were selected as candidate receptors for astilbin. CYP1B1 was identified as a real docking protein of astilbin in ROS production by AutoDock Vina software analysis and surface plasmon resonance assay. Collectively, astilbin downregulates effector CD4+ T cell activities via the CYP1B1/ROS/PPARγ pathway, which firmly supports its potential use in the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guotao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Biying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weijuan Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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20
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Zhang Y, Chen F, Zhang F, Huang X. Characterization of DNA methylation as well as mico-RNA expression and screening of epigenetic markers in adipogenesis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:93. [PMID: 35168604 PMCID: PMC8845261 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to use bioinformatics methods to characterize epigenetic changes in terms of micro-RNA(miRNA) expression and DNA methylation during adipogenesis. The mRNA and miRNA expression microarray and DNA methylation dataset were obtained from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were filtered using the limma package. The R language cluster profile package was used for functional and enrichment analysis. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and visualized in Cytoscape. The Connection map (CMap) website tool was used to screen potential therapeutic drugs for adipogenesis. When comparing the early and late stages of adipogenesis, 111 low miRNA targeted upregulated genes and 64 high miRNA targeted downregulated genes were obtained, as well as 663 low-methylated high-expressed genes and 237 high-methylated low-expressed genes. In addition, 41 genes (24 upregulated and 17 downregulated) were simultaneously regulated by abnormal miRNA changes and DNA methylation. Ten chemicals were identified as putative therapeutics for adipogenesis. In addition, among the dual-regulated genes identified, CANX, HNRNPA1, MCL1, and PPIF may play key roles in the epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis and may serve as aberrant methylation or miRNA targeting biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fancheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangxue Zhang
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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21
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Decreased SLC27A5 Suppresses Lipid Synthesis and Tyrosine Metabolism to Activate the Cell Cycle in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020234. [PMID: 35203444 PMCID: PMC8869743 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine is an essential ketogenic and glycogenic amino acid for the human body, which means that tyrosine is not only involved in protein metabolism, but also participates in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. The liver is an important place for metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. The metabolic process of biological macro-molecules is a basis for maintaining the physiological activities of organisms, but the cross-linking mechanism of these processes is still unclear. Here, we found that the tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes, which were specifically and highly expressed in the liver, were significantly down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and had a correlation with a poor prognosis of HCC patients. Further analysis found that the reduction of tyrosine metabolism would activate the cell cycle and promote cell proliferation. In addition, we also found that the solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5) regulates the expression of tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Therefore, the SLC27A5 and tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes that we have identified coordinate lipid and tyrosine metabolism, regulate the cell cycle, and are potential targets for cancer treatment.
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