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Ahmad S, Ahmad MFA, Khan S, Alouffi S, Khan M, Prakash C, Khan MWA, Ansari IA. Exploring aldose reductase inhibitors as promising therapeutic targets for diabetes-linked disabilities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135761. [PMID: 39306154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus significantly increases mortality and morbidity rates due to complications like neuropathy and nephropathy. It also leads to retinopathy and cataract formation, which is a leading cause of vision disability. The polyol pathway emerges as a promising therapeutic target among the various pathways associated with diabetic complications. This review focuses on the development of natural and synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), along with recent discoveries in diabetic complication treatment. AR, pivotal in the polyol pathway converting glucose to sorbitol, plays a key role in secondary diabetes complications' pathophysiology. Understanding AR's function and structure lays the groundwork for improving ARIs to mitigate diabetic complications. New developments in ARIs open up exciting possibilities for treating diabetes-related complications. However, it is still challenging to get preclinical successes to clinical effectiveness because of things like differences in how the disease starts, drug specificity, and the complexity of the AR's structure. Addressing these challenges is crucial for developing targeted and efficient ARIs. Continued research into AR's structural features and specific ARIs is essential. Overcoming these challenges could revolutionize diabetic complication treatment, enhance patient outcomes, and reduce the global burden of diabetes-related mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alouffi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahvish Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chander Prakash
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Mohd Wajid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Ha'il, Ha'il-55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Rasapalli S, Huang Y, Sammeta VR, Alshehry R, Anver F, Golen JA, Krishnamoorthy S, Chavan SP. Diversity oriented total synthesis (DOTS) of pyridoquinazolinone alkaloids and their analogues. TETRAHEDRON CHEM 2024; 9:100062. [PMID: 39329156 PMCID: PMC11426416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tchem.2024.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
A short diversity oriented total synthesis (DOTS) of substituted rutaecarpines, homo-luotonins, homo-vasicinone, homo-isaindigotones and homo-vasnetine has been achieved from the key tricyclic intermediate. The [6,6,6] tricyclic ketone, the mackinazolindione, was accessed from simple substrates i.e., quinazolinone diester obtained from the disubstituted anthranilamide which in turn was prepared from the coupling of amino acid ester and ethyl oxalyl chloride with isatoic anhydride and Dieckmann condensation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivappa Rasapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Yanchang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Vamshikrishna Reddy Sammeta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Reem Alshehry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Fazmina Anver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - James A Golen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | | | - Subhash P Chavan
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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3
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Li L, Ling Z, Wang X, Zhang X, Li Y, Gao G. Proteomics-based screening of AKR1B1 as a therapeutic target and validation study for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16709. [PMID: 38188141 PMCID: PMC10768659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis and sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) pose significant global health challenges, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Dysregulated protein expression has been implicated in the initiation and progression of sepsis and SA-AKI. Identifying potential protein targets and modulating their expression is crucial for exploring alternative therapies. Method We established an SA-AKI rat model using cecum ligation perforation (CLP) and employed differential proteomic techniques to identify protein expression variations in kidney tissues. Aldose reductase (AKR1B1) emerged as a promising target. The SA-AKI rat model received treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), epalrestat. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels, as well as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the serum and kidney tissues, were monitored. Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and a pathological damage scoring scale assessed renal tissue damage, while protein blotting determined PKC (protein kinase C)/NF-κB pathway protein expression. Result Differential proteomics revealed significant downregulation of seven proteins and upregulation of 17 proteins in the SA-AKI rat model renal tissues. AKR1B1 protein expression was notably elevated, confirmed by Western blot. ARI prophylactic administration and ARI treatment groups exhibited reduced renal injury, low BUN and CRE levels and decreased IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels compared to the CLP group. These changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05). AKR1B1, PKC-α, and NF-κB protein expression levels were also lowered in the ARI prophylactic administration and ARI treatment groups compared to the CLP group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Epalrestat appeared to inhibit the PKC/NF-κB inflammatory pathway by inhibiting AKR1B1, resulting in reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in renal tissues and blood. This mitigated renal tissue injuries and improved the systemic inflammatory response in the severe sepsis rat model. Consequently, AKR1B1 holds promise as a target for treating sepsis-associated acute kidney injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zaiqin Ling
- Department of Tubercular Medicine, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingsheng Wang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Yun Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Central Hospital Affliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangsheng Gao
- Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Central Hospital Affliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Xiao SJ, Xu XK, Chen W, Xin JY, Yuan WL, Zu XP, Shen YH. Traditional Chinese medicine Euodiae Fructus: botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 36790599 PMCID: PMC9931992 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Euodiae Fructus, referred to as "Wuzhuyu" in Chinese, has been used as local and traditional herbal medicines in many regions, especially in China, Japan and Korea, for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, headache, emesis, aphtha, dermatophytosis, dysentery, etc. Substantial investigations into their chemical and pharmacological properties have been performed. Recently, interest in this plant has been focused on the different structural types of alkaloids like evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and 1-methyl-2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinolone, which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities in preclinical models, such as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular disease, etc. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information concerning the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Euodiae Fructus together with the toxicology and quality control, and discusses the possible direction and scope for future research on this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Xiao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Yun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wen-Lin Yuan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xian-Peng Zu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Grewal AS, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Sharma N, Singh S. Natural Compounds as Source of Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Diabetic Complications: A Mini Review. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 21:1091-1116. [PMID: 33069193 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666201016124125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldol reductase (AR) is the polyol pathway's main enzyme that portrays a crucial part in developing 'complications of diabetes' involving cataract, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. These diabetic abnormalities are triggered tremendously via aggregation of sorbitol formation (catalyzed by AR) in the polyol pathway. Consequently, it represents an admirable therapeutic target and vast research was done for the discovery of novel molecules as potential AR inhibitors for diabetic complications. OBJECTIVE This review article has been planned to discuss an outline of diabetic complications, AR and its role in diabetic complications, natural compounds reported as AR inhibitors, and benefits of natural/plant derived AR inhibitors for the management of diabetic abnormalities. RESULTS The goal of AR inhibition remedy is to stabilize the increased flux of blood glucose and sorbitol via the 'polyol pathway' in the affected tissues. A variety of synthetic inhibitors of AR have been established such as tolrestat and sorbinil, but both of these face limitations including low permeability and health problems. Pharmaceutical industries and other scientists were also undertaking work to develop newer, active, and 'safe' AR inhibitors from natural sources. Therefore, several naturally found molecules were documented to possess a potent inhibitory action on AR activity. CONCLUSION Natural inhibitors of AR appeared as harmless pharmacological agents for controlling diabetic complications. The detailed literature throughout this article shows the significance of herbal extracts and phytochemicals as prospective useful AR inhibitors in treating diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Chitkara School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Komal Thapa
- Chitkara School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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To DC, Bui TQ, Nhung NTA, Tran QT, Do TT, Tran MH, Hien PP, Ngu TN, Quy PT, Nguyen TH, Nguyen HT, Nguyen TD, Nguyen PH. On the Inhibitability of Natural Products Isolated from Tetradium ruticarpum towards Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-Glucosidase (3W37): An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Molecules 2021; 26:3691. [PMID: 34204232 PMCID: PMC8233831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Folk experiences suggest natural products in Tetradium ruticarpum can be effective inhibitors towards diabetes-related enzymes. The compounds were experimentally isolated, structurally elucidated, and tested in vitro for their inhibition effects on tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase (3W37). Density functional theory and molecular docking techniques were utilized as computational methods to predict the stability of the ligands and simulate interaction between the studied inhibitory agents and the targeted proteins. Structural elucidation identifies two natural products: 2-heptyl-1-methylquinolin-4-one (1) and 3-[4-(4-methylhydroxy-2-butenyloxy)-phenyl]-2-propenol (2). In vitro study shows that the compounds (1 and 2) possess high potentiality for the inhibition of PTP1B (IC50 values of 24.3 ± 0.8, and 47.7 ± 1.1 μM) and α-glucosidase (IC50 values of 92.1 ± 0.8, and 167.4 ± 0.4 μM). DS values and the number of interactions obtained from docking simulation highly correlate with the experimental results yielded. Furthermore, in-depth analyses of the structure-activity relationship suggest significant contributions of amino acids Arg254 and Arg676 to the conformational distortion of PTP1B and 3W37 structures overall, thus leading to the deterioration of their enzymatic activity observed in assay-based experiments. This study encourages further investigations either to develop appropriate alternatives for diabetes treatment or to verify the role of amino acids Arg254 and Arg676.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Cuong To
- Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong District, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam;
- A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), 167 Hoang Ngan, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 11313, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Q. Bui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam; (T.Q.B.); (N.T.A.N.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Ai Nhung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam; (T.Q.B.); (N.T.A.N.)
| | - Quoc-Toan Tran
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122100, Vietnam; (Q.-T.T.); (T.-T.D.)
| | - Thi-Thuy Do
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122100, Vietnam; (Q.-T.T.); (T.-T.D.)
| | - Manh-Hung Tran
- Faculty of Hi-Tech Agricultural and Food Sciences, Dong A University, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Phan-Phuoc Hien
- Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Truong-Nhan Ngu
- Department of Natural Sciences & Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak 630000, Vietnam; (T.-N.N.); (P.-T.Q.)
| | - Phan-Tu Quy
- Department of Natural Sciences & Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak 630000, Vietnam; (T.-N.N.); (P.-T.Q.)
| | - The-Hung Nguyen
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen University (TUAF), Quyet Thang 24119, Vietnam; (T.-H.N.); (H.-T.N.)
| | - Huu-Tho Nguyen
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen University (TUAF), Quyet Thang 24119, Vietnam; (T.-H.N.); (H.-T.N.)
| | - Tien-Dung Nguyen
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen University (TUAF), Quyet Thang 24119, Vietnam; (T.-H.N.); (H.-T.N.)
- Institute of Forestry Researh and Development, TUAF, Quyet Thang 24119, Vietnam
| | - Phi-Hung Nguyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122100, Vietnam; (Q.-T.T.); (T.-T.D.)
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Abdelshafy AM, Belwal T, Liang Z, Wang L, Li D, Luo Z, Li L. A comprehensive review on phenolic compounds from edible mushrooms: Occurrence, biological activity, application and future prospective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6204-6224. [PMID: 33729055 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1898335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are minor metabolites usually present in mushroom species. Because of their potential advantages for human health, such as antioxidant and other biological activities, these bioactive components have been gaining more interest as functional foods, nutraceutical agents for providing better health conditions. This review aims to comprehensively discuss the recent advances in mushroom phenolic compounds, including new sources, structural characteristics, biological activities, potential uses and its industrial applications as well as the future perspectives. Phenolic acids as well as flavonoids are considered the most common phenolics occurring in mushroom species. These are responsible for its bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antihyperglycaemic, antiosteoporotic, anti-tyrosinase and antimicrobial activities. Several edible mushroom species with good phenolic content and show higher biological activity were highlighted, in a way for its futuristic applications. Trends on mushroom research highlighting new research areas, such as nanoformulation were discussed. Furthermore, the use of phenolic compounds as nutraceutical and cosmeceutical agents as well as the future perspectives and recommendations were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asem Mahmoud Abdelshafy
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University - Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Tarun Belwal
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze Liang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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8
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Qiu L, Guo C. Natural Aldose Reductase Inhibitor: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:599-609. [PMID: 31589122 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191007111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) has been reported to be involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic AR is induced under hyperglycemia condition and converts excess glucose to lipogenic fructose, which contributes in part to the accumulation of fat in the liver cells of diabetes rodents. In addition, the hyperglycemia-induced AR or nutrition-induced AR causes suppression of the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and reduced lipolysis in the liver, which also contribute to the development of NAFLD. Moreover, AR induction in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may aggravate oxidative stress and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the liver. Here, we summarize the knowledge on AR inhibitors of plant origin and review the effect of some plant-derived AR inhibitors on NAFLD/NASH in rodents. Natural AR inhibitors may improve NAFLD at least in part through attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine expression. Some of the natural AR inhibitors have been reported to attenuate hepatic steatosis through the regulation of PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation. In this review, we propose that the natural AR inhibitors are potential therapeutic agents for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxin Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China.,Fujian Province Universities Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology (Longyan University), Longyan 364012, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Chang Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China.,Fujian Province Universities Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology (Longyan University), Longyan 364012, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan 364012, China
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Abstract
The development of persulfate-mediated oxidation of tetrahydro-β-carbolines is reported. This mild reaction facilitates the formation of a variety of 2-formyl N-substituted tryptamines and the related derivatives as key intermediates in moderate to excellent yields. The method is applicable to direct last-stage oxidation of two interesting pharmaceuticals, Cialis and evodiamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Fu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Yu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350116 , China
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Schlegel M, Schneider C. Iron(III)-Catalyzed (4 + 2)-Cycloannulation of 2-Hydroxy Ketoxime Ethers with Indol-2-ylamides: Synthesis of Indole-Fused 2-Piperidinones. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5886-5892. [PMID: 30917274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly regio- and diastereoselective (4 + 2)-cycloannulation process of indanone-derived 2-hydroxy ketoxime ethers with 1,4-bisnucleophilic indol-2-ylamides has been developed. In the presence of 5 mol % FeCl3, densely functionalized 2-piperidinones containing two new σ-bonds and two vicinal quaternary stereogenic centers were formed under mild reaction conditions in a one-pot operation. Moreover, most of the products directly precipitated out of the solution and were isolated by simple filtration without purification by column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29 , D-04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29 , D-04103 Leipzig , Germany
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11
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Taslimi P, Aslan HE, Demir Y, Oztaskin N, Maraş A, Gulçin İ, Beydemir S, Goksu S. Diarylmethanon, bromophenol and diarylmethane compounds: Discovery of potent aldose reductase, α-amylase and α-glycosidase inhibitors as new therapeutic approach in diabetes and functional hyperglycemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:857-863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Cataract Preventive Role of Isolated Phytoconstituents: Findings from a Decade of Research. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111580. [PMID: 30373159 PMCID: PMC6265913 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is an eye disease with clouding of the eye lens leading to disrupted vision, which often develops slowly and causes blurriness of the eyesight. Although the restoration of the vision in people with cataract is conducted through surgery, the costs and risks remain an issue. Botanical drugs have been evaluated for their potential efficacies in reducing cataract formation decades ago and major active phytoconstituents were isolated from the plant extracts. The aim of this review is to find effective phytoconstituents in cataract treatments in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. A literature search was synthesized from the databases of Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus using different combinations of keywords. Selection of all manuscripts were based on inclusion and exclusion criteria together with analysis of publication year, plant species, isolated phytoconstituents, and evaluated cataract activities. Scientists have focused their attention not only for anti-cataract activity in vitro, but also in ex vivo and in vivo from the review of active phytoconstituents in medicinal plants. In our present review, we identified 58 active phytoconstituents with strong anti-cataract effects at in vitro and ex vivo with lack of in vivo studies. Considering the benefits of anti-cataract activities require critical evaluation, more in vivo and clinical trials need to be conducted to increase our understanding on the possible mechanisms of action and the therapeutic effects.
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13
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Kondhare D, Lade H. Phytochemical profile, aldose reductase inhibitory, and antioxidant activities of Indian traditional medicinal Coccinia grandis (L.) fruit extract. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:378. [PMID: 29071175 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-1013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccinia grandis (L.) fruits (CGFs) are commonly used for culinary purposes and has several therapeutic applications in the Southeast Asia. The aim of this work was to evaluate phytochemical profile, aldose reductase inhibitory (ARI), and antioxidant activities of CGF extract. The CGFs were extracted with different solvents including petroleum ether, dichloromethane, acetone, methanol, and water. The highest yield of total extractable compounds (34.82%) and phenolic content (11.7 ± 0.43 mg of GAE/g dried extract) was found in methanol extract, whereas water extract showed the maximum content of total flavonoids (82.8 ± 7.8 mg QE/g dried extract). Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of methanol and water extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and glycosides in the CGFs. Results of the in vitro ARI activity against partially purified bovine lens aldose reductase showed that methanol extract of CGFs exhibited 96.6% ARI activity at IC50 value 6.12 µg/mL followed by water extract 89.1% with the IC50 value 6.50 µg/mL. In addition, methanol and water extracts of CGF showed strong antioxidant activities including ABTS*+ scavenging, DPPH* scavenging, and hydroxyl radical scavenging. Our results suggest that high percentage of both flavonoids and phenolic contents in the CGFs are correlated with the ARI and antioxidant activities. The fruits of C. grandis are thus potential bifunctional agents with ARI and antioxidant activities that can be used for the prevention and management of DM and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasharath Kondhare
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, 431606 India
| | - Harshad Lade
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Alim Z, Kilinç N, Şengül B, Beydemir Ş. Inhibition behaviours of some phenolic acids on rat kidney aldose reductase enzyme: an in vitro study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:277-284. [PMID: 28111996 PMCID: PMC6009866 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1250752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors have vital importance in the treatment and prevention of diabetic complications. In this study, rat kidney AR was purified 19.34-fold with a yield of 3.49% and a specific activity of 0.88 U/mg using DE-52 Cellulose anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and 2'5' ADP Sepharose-4B affinity chromatography, respectively. After purification, the in vitro inhibition effects of some phenolic acids (tannic acid, chlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, α-resorcylic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid) were investigated on purified enzyme. We determined IC50, Ki values and inhibition types of these phenolic acids. As a result, tannic and chlorogenic acid had a strong inhibition effect. On the other hand, gallic acid had a weak inhibition effect. In this study, all phenolic acids except for chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid showed non-competitive inhibition effects on rat kidney AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Alim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ahi Evran University, Kirşehir, Turkey
| | - Namik Kilinç
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Service, Iğdir University, Iğdir, Turkey
| | - Bülent Şengül
- Deparment of Health Care Service, Vocational School of Health Service, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Laikowski MM, dos Santos PR, Souza DM, Minetto L, Girondi N, Pires C, Alano G, Roesch-Ely M, Tasso L, Moura S. Rourea cuspidata : Chemical composition and hypoglycemic activity. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Inhibitory Effect of Chemical Constituents Isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi on Polyol Pathway and Simultaneous Quantification of Major Bioactive Compounds. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7375615. [PMID: 28512639 PMCID: PMC5420417 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7375615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Blocking the polyol pathway plays an important role preventing diabetic complications. Therefore, aldose reductase (AR) and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation has significant effect on diabetic complications. Artemisia iwayomogi has long been used as treatment of various diseases in Korea. However, no literatures have reported on AR and AGEs formation inhibitory activities of A. iwayomogi. For these reasons, we aimed to assess that A. iwayomogi had potential as anti-diabetic complications agents. We led to isolation of two coumarins (1 and 2), nine flavonoids (3–11), five caffeoylquinic acids (12–16), three diterpene glycosides (17–19), and one phenolic compound (20) from A. iwayomogi. Among them, hispidulin (4), 6-methoxytricin (6), arteanoflavone (7), quercetin-3-gentiobioside (10), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (13), and suavioside A (18) were first reported on the isolation from A. iwayomogi. Not only two coumarins (1 and 2), nine flavonoids (3–11), and five caffeoylquinic acids (12–16) but also extracts showed significant inhibitor on AR and AGEs formation activities. We analyzed contents of major bioactive compounds in Korea's various regions of A. iwayomogi. Overall, we selected Yangyang, Gangwon-do, from June, which contained the highest amounts of bioactive compounds, as suitable areas for cultivating A. iwayomogi as preventive or therapeutic agent in the treatment of diabetic complications.
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Alim Z, Kilinc N, Sengul B, Beydemir S. Mechanism of capsaicin inhibition of aldose reductase activity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Alim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts; Ahi Evran University; 40000 Kırşehir Turkey
| | - Namık Kilinc
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Service; Iğdır University; 76000 Iğdır Turkey
| | - Bulent Sengul
- Department of Health Care Service, Vocational School of Health Service; Bayburt University; 69000 Bayburt Turkey
| | - Sukru Beydemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Atatürk University; 25240 Erzurum Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
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Sampath C, Sang S, Ahmedna M. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of aldose reductase and advanced glycation end products by phloretin, epigallocatechin 3-gallate and [6]-gingerol. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:502-513. [PMID: 27685794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemic stress activates polyol pathway and aldose reductase (AR) key enzyme responsible for generating secondary complications during diabetes. In this study the therapeutic potential of phloretin, epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) and [6]-gingerol were evaluated for anti-glycating and AR inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo systems. Human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells were induced with high glucose supplemented with the phloretin, EGCG and [6]-gingerol. Aldose reductase activity, total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and enzyme inhibitor kinetics were assessed. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of the different treatments (bioactive compounds at 2 concentrations each) with either a low fat diet or high fat diet (HFD). After sixteen weeks, AGE accumulation and AR activity was determined in heart, eyes and kidney. High glucose induced toxicity decreased cell viability compared to the untreated cells and AR activity increased to 2-5 folds from 24 to 96h. Pre-treatment of cells with phloretin, EGCG and [6]-gingerol improved cell viability and inhibited AR activity. The enzyme inhibition kinetics followed a non-competitive mode of inhibition for phloretin and EGCG whereas [6]-gingerol indicated uncompetitive type of inhibition against AR. Data from the animal studies showed high plasma glucose levels in HFD group over time, compared to the low fat diet. HFD group developed cataract and AR activity increased to 4 folds compared to the group with low fat diet. Administration of EGCG, phloretin and [6]-gingerol significantly reduced blood sugar levels, AGEs accumulation, and AR activity. These findings could provide a basis to consider using the selected dietary components alone or in combination with other therapeutic approaches to prevent diabetes-related complications in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethan Sampath
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States
| | - Mohamed Ahmedna
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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Wang Y, Qin S, Pen G, Chen D, Han C, Miao C, Lu B, Su C, Feng S, Li W, Han J, Cho NC, Si Y. Original Research: Potential ocular protection and dynamic observation of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide against streptozocin-induced diabetic rats' model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:92-101. [PMID: 27510582 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216663866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular complications associated with diabetes mellitus are progressive and becoming one of the most important causes of morbidity worldwide. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the protective effect of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide, an important component of Polygonatum sibiricum, on ocular complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats. Sprague Dawley rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin(60 mg/kg, i.v.) and then the rats were treated with Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg.d by gavage for 12 weeks. Biochemical analysis indicated that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin in blood and elevated the levels of insulin and C-peptide in plasma of diabetes mellitus rats in a dose-dependent manner. Physical measurements revealed that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide improved clinical symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and weight loss in diabetes mellitus rats. The content of malondialdehyde and activity of superoxide dismutase in plasma were determined, and the data showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide suppressed oxidative stress reaction. Lens opacification was observed using slit lamp illumination, and the data showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide delayed cataract progression in a dose-dependent manner. Electroretinogram showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide treatment reversed the decrease of electroretinogram b and OPs2 waves' amplitudes. Flash-visual evoked potential test indicated that the peak time of P2 wave was prolonged, and the amplitude of N2-P2 was lowered in diabetes mellitus group, and Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide suppressed these changes. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide alleviated the retinal vasculopathy in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results suggest that the administration of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy and cataract through alleviating hyperglycemia and reducing oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea (past position).,Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shucun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Guoqing Pen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Chunrun Miao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Baojin Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Chao Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shanlong Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Nam C Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea (past position)
| | - Yanhong Si
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
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George S, Ajikumaran Nair S, Johnson AJ, Venkataraman R, Baby S. O-prenylated flavonoid, an antidiabetes constituent in Melicope lunu-ankenda. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 168:158-163. [PMID: 25858510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Melicope lunu-ankenda leaves are used to treat diabetes in folklore medicinal practices in India and Malaysia. Here we report the isolation of an O-prenylated flavonoid (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-8,3'-dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)flavone; OPF) from the leaves of M. lunu-ankenda and its antidiabetes activity against type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS OPF was isolated from M. lunu-ankenda leaves by extraction and repeated column chromatography and its structure was elucidated by IR, UV-vis, 1D-, 2D-NMR and mass spectral analyses. Blood glucose lowering activity of OPF was tested in normal rats by oral glucose tolerance test and its efficacy was tested in STZ-induced type-2 diabetic rats. SGOT, SGPT, ALP, serum urea, total triglycerides, total cholesterol and reduction in HDLC, protein and serum insulin levels in normal rats and STZ-induced type-2 diabetic rats were measured. Acute toxicity of OPF was tested at 500 mg/kg dose. Mechanism of antidiabetes action of OPF was elucidated by insulin release from RIN 5F cells. RESULTS OPF isolated from M. lunu-ankenda showed significant blood glucose lowering activity in oral glucose tolerance test on overnight fasted, glucose loaded normal rats and the optimum activity was observed at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight. In neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, the OPF treatment for 20 days significantly ameliorated the derailed blood glucose levels, liver glycogen and serum biological parameters including insulin to normal levels. OPF on acute toxicity evaluation did not show any conspicuous toxic symptoms even at a higher dose of 500 mg/kg body weight in mice. On evaluating the mechanism of antidiabetes action, it was observed that, OPF induced insulin release from cultured RIN 5F cells in vitro from which it was evident that the OPF acts on pancreatic β-cells for insulin release thereby correcting the derailed blood glucose levels, serum biochemical parameters and ameliorate various diabetic complications in STZ-induced diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the potent antidiabetes activity of OPF and describes its mechanism of action. OPF is a promising candidate for the development of new generation anti-DM drugs. Isolation of the O-prenylated flavonoid justifies the use of M. lunu-ankenda for diabetic treatments in folklore practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sony George
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - S Ajikumaran Nair
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - Anil J Johnson
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - Ramaswamy Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Paramakalyani College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Alwarkurichi 627 412, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India.
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Wu T, Luo J, Xu B. In vitro antidiabetic effects of selected fruits and vegetables against glycosidase and aldose reductase. Food Sci Nutr 2015; 3:495-505. [PMID: 26788291 PMCID: PMC4708650 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro antidiabetic effect of fruits and vegetables with reports as folk remedies were investigated. The antidiabetic effects were evaluated by comparing the inhibitory properties of α‐glycosidase, aldose reductase, and antioxidant activity. The results indicated that lychee extract exhibited the best dose‐dependent inhibitory activity against α‐glycosidase with IC50 of 10.4 mg/mL, and lemon peel extract exhibited aldose reductase inhibitory potential with IC50 value at 3.63 mg/mL. Besides, the result also showed that the inhibitory effects of blueberry and plum against α‐glycosidase were strong among the fruits samples. Bitter gourd and eggplant demonstrated significant inhibitory potential against aldose reductase, with IC50 values at 8.55 mg/mL and 8.06 mg/mL, respectively. The result from correlation analysis part showed that the antioxidant activities of selected fruits and vegetables were found related to their health beneficial effects, as there was positive correlations between total flavonoids content (TFC) and aldose reductase inhibitory activity (r2 = 0.556).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Food Science and Technology Program Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai Guangdong 519085 China
| | - Jiaqiang Luo
- Food Science and Technology Program Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai Guangdong 519085 China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai Guangdong 519085 China
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Kim HM, Lee DG, Lee S. Plant-derived molecules from Saussurea grandifolia as inhibitors of aldose reductase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-015-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sayin N, Kara N, Pekel G. Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:92-108. [PMID: 25685281 PMCID: PMC4317321 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i1.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a important health problem that induces ernestful complications and it causes significant morbidity owing to specific microvascular complications such as, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as, ischaemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy. It can affect children, young people and adults and is becoming more common. Ocular complications associated with DM are progressive and rapidly becoming the world’s most significant cause of morbidity and are preventable with early detection and timely treatment. This review provides an overview of five main ocular complications associated with DM, diabetic retinopathy and papillopathy, cataract, glaucoma, and ocular surface diseases.
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Veeresham C, Rama Rao A, Asres K. Aldose reductase inhibitors of plant origin. Phytother Res 2013; 28:317-33. [PMID: 23674239 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic complications are attributed to hyperglycaemic condition which is in turn associated with the polyol pathway and advanced glycation end products. Aldose reductase (AR) is the principal enzyme of polyol pathway which plays a vital role in the development of diabetic complications. AR inhibitory activity can be screened by both in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro assays for AR enzyme are further classified on the basis of the source of enzyme such as rat lens, rat kidney, cataracted human eye lens, bovine eyes and human recombinant AR enzymes, whereas the in vivo model is based on the determination of lens galactitol levels. A number of synthetic AR inhibitors (ARIs) including tolrestat and sorbinil have been developed, but all of these suffer from drawbacks such as poor permeation and safety issues. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies and many researchers have been carrying out research to find new, potent and safe ARIs from natural sources. Thus, many naturally occurring compounds have been reported to have AR inhibitory activity. The present review attempts to highlight phytochemicals and plant extracts with potential AR inhibitory activity. It also summarizes the classes of compounds which have proven AR inhibitory activity. Phytochemicals such as quercetin, kaempferol and ellagic acid are found to be the most promising ARIs. The exhaustive literature presented in this article clearly indicates the role of plant extracts and phytochemicals as potential ARIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciddi Veeresham
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, AP, 506009, India
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Islam MN, Choi SH, Moon HE, Park JJ, Jung HA, Woo MH, Woo HC, Choi JS. The inhibitory activities of the edible green alga Capsosiphon fulvescens on rat lens aldose reductase and advanced glycation end products formation. Eur J Nutr 2013; 53:233-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-013-0521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Identification of flavonoids and flavonoid rhamnosides from Rhododendron mucronulatum for. albiflorum and their inhibitory activities against aldose reductase. Food Chem 2013; 136:969-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Patel D, Kumar R, Sairam K, Hemalatha S. Pharmacologically tested aldose reductase inhibitors isolated from plant sources — A concise report. Chin J Nat Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(12)60078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yuan J, Wang Y, An R, Wang S, Li SJ, Jia JY, Bligh SA, Wang XH, Ma YM. Simultaneous determination of six alkaloids and one monoterpene in rat plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of a Chinese medicine Wuji Pill. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 895-896:154-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Patel DK, Prasad SK, Sairam K, Hemalatha S. Aldose reductase inhibitory principles from the whole plant of Hybanthus enneaspermus (Linn) F. Muell. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Minehira D, Takeda D, Urata H, Kato A, Adachi I, Wang X, Matsuya Y, Sugimoto K, Takemura M, Endo S, Matsunaga T, Hara A, Koseki J, Narukawa K, Hirono S, Toyooka N. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel (1-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolin-9-yl)acetic acids as selective inhibitors for AKR1B1. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:356-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Patel DK, Kumar R, Sairam K, Hemalatha S. Aldose reductase inhibitory activity of alcoholic extract of Pedalium murex Linn fruit. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Cataract: A major secondary complication of diabetes, its epidemiology and an overview on major medicinal plants screened for anticataract activity. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(11)60075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liao JF, Chiou WF, Shen YC, Wang GJ, Chen CF. Anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious effects of Evodia rutaecarpa (Wuzhuyu) and its major bioactive components. Chin Med 2011; 6:6. [PMID: 21320305 PMCID: PMC3046897 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the anti-inflammatory relative and anti-infectious effects of Evodia rutaecarpa and its major bioactive components and the involvement of the nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenase, NADPH oxidase, nuclear factor kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, reactive oxygen species, prostaglandins, tumor necrosis factor, LIGHT, amyloid protein and orexigenic neuropeptides. Their potential applications for the treatment of endotoxaemia, obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and their uses as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal protective agents, analgesics, anti-oxidant, anti-atherosclerosis agents, dermatological agents and anti-infectious agents are highlighted. Stimulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide release may partially explain the analgesic, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal protective, anti-obese activities of Evodia rutaecarpa and its major bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Fei Liao
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, No 155, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fei Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No 155-1, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chiang Shen
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No 155-1, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Guei-Jane Wang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No 155-1, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Fu Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, No 155, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No 155-1, Sec 2, Linong Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Kim JK, Lee YS, Kim SH, Bae YS, Lim SS. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Phenylethanoid Glycoside Isolated from the Seeds of Paulownia coreana. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:160-3. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyu Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University
| | - Yeon Sil Lee
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University
| | - Seon Ha Kim
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University
| | - Young Soo Bae
- Departement of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University
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Patra JC, Chua BH. Artificial neural network-based drug design for diabetes mellitus using flavonoids. J Comput Chem 2010; 32:555-67. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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