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Zhao X, Luo T, Qiu Y, Yang Z, Wang D, Wang Z, Zeng J, Bi Z. Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine overcoming of radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1388750. [PMID: 38993643 PMCID: PMC11237312 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1388750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent malignancy among women, with radiotherapy serving as a primary treatment modality. Despite radiotherapy, a subset of breast cancer patients experiences local recurrence, attributed to the intrinsic resistance of tumors to radiation. Therefore, there is a compelling need to explore novel approaches that can enhance cytotoxic effects through alternative mechanisms. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and its active constituents exhibit diverse pharmacological actions, including anti-tumor effects, offering extensive possibilities to identify effective components capable of overcoming radiotherapy resistance. This review delineates the mechanisms underlying radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer, along with potential candidate Chinese herbal medicines that may sensitize breast cancer cells to radiotherapy. The exploration of such herbal interventions holds promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in the context of breast cancer radiotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
| | - Yuting Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Shenshan Medical Centre, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shanwei, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danni Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zairui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofei Bi
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bernasinska-Slomczewska J, Hikisz P, Pieniazek A, Koceva-Chyla A. Baicalin and Baicalein Enhance Cytotoxicity, Proapoptotic Activity, and Genotoxicity of Doxorubicin and Docetaxel in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2503. [PMID: 38893380 PMCID: PMC11173533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major health concern and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Standard treatment often involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these come with side effects and limitations. Researchers are exploring natural compounds like baicalin and baicalein, derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis plant, as potential complementary therapies. This study investigated the effects of baicalin and baicalein on the cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and genotoxic activity of doxorubicin and docetaxel, commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer. The analysis included breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human endothelial cells (HUVEC-ST), to assess potential effects on healthy tissues. We have found that baicalin and baicalein demonstrated cytotoxicity towards both cell lines, with more potent effects observed in baicalein. Both flavonoids, baicalin (167 µmol/L) and baicalein (95 µmol/L), synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and genotoxic activity of doxorubicin and docetaxel in breast cancer cells. In comparison, their effects on endothelial cells were mixed and depended on concentration and time. The results suggest that baicalin and baicalein might be promising complementary agents to improve the efficacy of doxorubicin and docetaxel anticancer activity. However, further research is needed to validate their safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bernasinska-Slomczewska
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Pawel Hikisz
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Pieniazek
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Aneta Koceva-Chyla
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
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3
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Kim DH, Song NY, Yim H. Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:855-881. [PMID: 38060103 PMCID: PMC10725365 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks of cancer. Lipid metabolism is defined as a complex set of molecular processes including lipid uptake, synthesis, transport, and degradation. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is affected by enzymes and signaling molecules directly or indirectly involved in the lipid metabolic process. Regulation of lipid metabolizing enzymes has been shown to modulate cancer development and to avoid resistance to anticancer drugs in tumors and the TME. Because of this, understanding the metabolic reprogramming associated with oncogenic progression is important to develop strategies for cancer treatment. Recent advances provide insight into fundamental mechanisms and the connections between altered lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore alterations to lipid metabolism and the pivotal factors driving lipid metabolic reprogramming, which exacerbate cancer progression. We also shed light on the latest insights and current therapeutic approaches based on small molecular inhibitors and phytochemicals targeting lipid metabolism for cancer treatment. Further investigations are worthwhile to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and the correlation between altered lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Korea.
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Li J, Liu H, Lin Q, Chen H, Liu L, Liao H, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Shen A, Chen G. Baicalin suppresses the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells via the TGF-β/lncRNA-MALAT1/miR-200c signaling pathway. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29328. [PMID: 36401368 PMCID: PMC9678613 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death and failure of cancer chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer (BC). Activation of TGF-β/lncRNA-MALAT1/miR-200c has been reported to play an essential role during the metastasis of BC cells. The present study aimed to validate the suppression of BC-cell migration and invasion by baicalin and explore its regulatory effects on the TGF-β/lncRNA-MALAT1/miR-200c signaling pathway. We found that baicalin treatment inhibited cell viability and migration and invasion. Mechanistically, baicalin treatment significantly downregulated the expression of TGF-β, ZEB1, and N-cadherin and upregulated E-cadherin on both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, baicalin treatment significantly downregulated the expression of lncRNA-MALAT1 and upregulated that of miR-200c. Collectively, baicalin significantly suppresses cell viability, migration, and invasion of BC cells possibly by regulating the TGF-β/lncRNA-MALAT1/miR-200c pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Li
- Department of pharmacy department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huixin Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiwang Lin
- Department of pharmacy department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huajiao Chen
- Department of pharmacy department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hongjuan Liao
- Department of pharmacy department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guolong Chen
- Department of pharmacy department, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Guolong Chen, Department of Pharmacy Department, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (e-mail: )
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Banik K, Khatoon E, Harsha C, Rana V, Parama D, Thakur KK, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. Wogonin and its analogs for the prevention and treatment of cancer: A systematic review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1854-1883. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic medicine Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Bradenton Florida USA
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
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Li K, Diakite D, Austin J, Lee J, Lantvit DD, Murphy BT, Burdette JE. The Flavonoid Baicalein Negatively Regulates Progesterone Target Genes in the Uterus in Vivo. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:237-247. [PMID: 34935393 PMCID: PMC9164990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Baicalein is a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (Chinese skullcap) and is consumed as part of this botanical dietary supplement to reduce oxidative stress, pain, and inflammation. We previously reported that baicalein can also modify receptor signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in vitro, which is interesting due to the well-established roles of both PR and GR in reducing inflammation. To understand the effects of baicalein on PR and GR signaling in vivo in the uterus, ovariectomized CD-1 mice were treated with DMSO, progesterone (P4), baicalein, P4 with baicalein, and P4 with RU486, a PR antagonist, for a week. The uteri were collected for histology and RNA sequencing. Our results showed that baicalein attenuated the antiproliferative effect of P4 on luminal epithelium as well as on the PR target genes HAND2 and ZBTB16. Baicalein did not change levels of PR or GR RNA or protein in the uterus. RNA sequencing data indicated that many transcripts significantly altered by baicalein were regulated in the opposite direction by P4. Similarly, a large portion of GO/KEGG terms and GSEA gene sets were altered in the opposite direction by baicalein as compared to P4 treatment. Treatment of baicalein did not change body weight, organ weight, or blood glucose level. In summary, baicalein functioned as a PR antagonist in vivo and therefore may oppose P4 action under certain conditions such as uterine hyperplasia, fibroids, and uterine cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Djeneba Diakite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Julia Austin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Jeongho Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Daniel D. Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Brian T. Murphy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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7
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do Nascimento RP, dos Santos BL, Amparo JAO, Soares JRP, da Silva KC, Santana MR, Almeida ÁMAN, da Silva VDA, Costa MDFD, Ulrich H, Moura-Neto V, Lopes GPDF, Costa SL. Neuroimmunomodulatory Properties of Flavonoids and Derivates: A Potential Action as Adjuvants for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010116. [PMID: 35057010 PMCID: PMC8778519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are tumors that have a high ability to migrate, invade and proliferate in the healthy tissue, what greatly impairs their treatment. These characteristics are associated with the complex microenvironment, formed by the perivascular niche, which is also composed of several stromal cells including astrocytes, microglia, fibroblasts, pericytes and endothelial cells, supporting tumor progression. Further microglia and macrophages associated with GBMs infiltrate the tumor. These innate immune cells are meant to participate in tumor surveillance and eradication, but they become compromised by GBM cells and exploited in the process. In this review we discuss the context of the GBM microenvironment together with the actions of flavonoids, which have attracted scientific attention due to their pharmacological properties as possible anti-tumor agents. Flavonoids act on a variety of signaling pathways, counteracting the invasion process. Luteolin and rutin inhibit NFκB activation, reducing IL-6 production. Fisetin promotes tumor apoptosis, while inhibiting ADAM expression, reducing invasion. Naringenin reduces tumor invasion by down-regulating metalloproteinases expression. Apigenin and rutin induce apoptosis in C6 cells increasing TNFα, while decreasing IL-10 production, denoting a shift from the immunosuppressive Th2 to the Th1 profile. Overall, flavonoids should be further exploited for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravena Pereira do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Balbino Lino dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- Academic College of Nurse, Department of Health, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-205, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jéssika Alves Oliveira Amparo
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Janaina Ribeiro Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Karina Costa da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Monique Reis Santana
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Áurea Maria Alves Nunes Almeida
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Victor Diógenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Maria de Fátima Dias Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (S.L.C.)
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Paulo Niemeyer State Institute of the Brain, Rio de Janeiro 20230-024, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Admiral Paulo Moreira Institute for Sea Studies (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (S.L.C.)
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Zhang H, Li X, Wang J, Cheng Q, Shang Y, Wang G. Baicalin relieves Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection‑induced lung injury through regulating microRNA‑221 to inhibit the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:571. [PMID: 34109422 PMCID: PMC8201456 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen that can cause respiratory infections. MP pneumonia (MPP) leads to numerous complications, including lung injury and even death. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Baicalin treatment on MP infection‑induced lung injury and the molecular mechanism underlying these effects. Briefly, after mice were infected intranasally by MP and treated with Baicalin (80 mg/kg), serum levels of MP‑immunoglobulin M (IgM) were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of C‑reactive protein (CRP) in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was examined by ELISA. Inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells in the BALF were assessed. The expression levels of microRNA (miR)‑221 in lung tissue were examined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and pathological changes in lung tissue were detected by H&E staining. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and the protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and NF‑κB were detected by western blotting. Baicalin treatment significantly reduced serum levels of MP‑IgM and CRP expression in lung tissue during MP infection. In addition, Baicalin decreased the levels of IL‑1β, IL‑6, IL‑18 and TNF‑α in the BALF, and the number of inflammatory cells. Baicalin also reduced the inflammatory infiltration in lung tissue induced by MP infection, improved the pathological changes detected in lung tissue, reduced apoptosis, and downregulated the protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and NF‑κB. Furthermore, Baicalin treatment downregulated the expression of miR‑221 and the protective effects of Baicalin were attenuated by miR‑221 overexpression. In conclusion, Baicalin has a therapeutic effect on mice with MP infection‑induced lung injury, which may be related to inhibition of miR‑221 expression and regulation of the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Shang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Guizhen Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Raja K, Martin LC, Bose L, Sahayanathan GJ, Padmanaban D, Chinnasamy A. Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of by-product (skin extract) from marine catfish Tachysurus dussumieri. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Austin JR, Kirkpatrick BJ, Rodríguez RR, Johnson ME, Lantvit DD, Burdette JE. Baicalein Is a Phytohormone that Signals Through the Progesterone and Glucocorticoid Receptors. Discov Oncol 2020; 11:97-110. [PMID: 32146686 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-020-00382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
While flavonoids have been studied extensively for estrogen receptor activity, they have not been well studied for their ability to modify progesterone receptor (PR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling. Three flavonoid compounds, tangeretin, wogonin, and baicalein, were selected for testing for PR and GR activity based on their structural similarity to known phytoprogesterone-like compounds. Each compound was docked in the binding pocket of PR and GR. Of these compounds, baicalein was predicted to be most likely to bind to both receptors. A fluorescence polarization competitive binding assay for PR and GR confirmed that baicalein binds to both the PR and GR with IC50 values of 15.30 μM and 19.26 μM, respectively. In Ishikawa PR-B and T47D cells, baicalein acted as a PR antagonist in a hormone response element (HRE) luciferase (Luc) assay. In OVCAR5 cells, which only express GR, baicalein was a GR agonist via an HRE/Luc assay and induced GR target genes, FKBP5 and GILZ. RU486, a PR and GR antagonist, abrogated baicalein's activity in OVCAR5 cells, confirming baicalein's activity is mediated through the GR. In vivo, baicalein administered intraperitoneally to female mice twice a week for 4 weeks at a dose of 25 mg/kg induced the GR target gene GILZ in the reproductive tract, which was blocked by RU486. In summary, baicalein has PR antagonist and GR agonist activity in vitro and demonstrates GR agonist activity in the uterus in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Austin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Brenna J Kirkpatrick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Rocío Rivera Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Michael E Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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11
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Xia X, Xia J, Yang H, Li Y, Liu S, Cao Y, Tang L, Yu X. Baicalein blocked cervical carcinoma cell proliferation by targeting CCND1 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2729-2736. [PMID: 31284780 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1636055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of baicalein on the proliferation of cervical carcinoma cells and stimulate cervical carcinoma cells with baicalein. MTT method was used to observe cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to observe cell cycle, and gene technology was used to observe the expression of corresponding genes at the level of gene and protein. β-catenin activity was assessed using Western blot and ChIP. Baicalein suppressed cervical carcinoma cell HeLa proliferation by enhancing the activity of caspase-3. Baicalein blocked cell cycle at G0/G1 stage by inhibiting the expression of some genes. At the same time, it can prevent the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and inhibit the activity of Wnt. When the Wnt signaling pathway is increased, the proliferation of HeLa cells is inhibited, and apoptosis is promoted in this way. In conclusion, it indicated that baicalein inhibits cervical carcinoma progression by targeting CCND1 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Xia
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- b School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Hai Yang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Yan Li
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Shengyue Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Yong Cao
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Li Tang
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
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12
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Wang CZ, Zhang CF, Luo Y, Yao H, Yu C, Chen L, Yuan J, Huang WH, Wan JY, Zeng J, Sawadogo WR, Yuan CS. Baicalein, an enteric microbial metabolite, suppresses gut inflammation and cancer progression in Apc Min/+ mice. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:1013-1022. [PMID: 31650468 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Baicalin (BI), a major constituent in an anti-inflammatory herb Scutellaria baicalensis, can be biotransformed into baicalein (BE) by the intestinal microbiota. We evaluated the anti-inflammation and anti-CRC effects of the metabolite BE. METHODS The in vitro biotransformation by human intestinal microbiota from BI into BE has been determined with HPLC. Using a gut-specific ApcMin/+ mouse model, the effects of oral BE on the life span, organ index, and tumor multiplicity were evaluated. The expressions of inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA. To verify the in vivo data, the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of BE were determined with an in vitro cell model. RESULTS HPLC analysis showed that BI was quickly transformed into BE by the intestinal microbiota. Oral BE (30 mg/kg/day) significantly increased the life span, from 125.2 to 218.4 days (P < 0.01%). BE treatment also decreased intestine index and increased spleen index. Compared with the model group, following BE treatment, tumor numbers were significantly reduced in the small intestine and colon (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). In the gut tissues, BE treatment significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine levels such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, G-CSF, and GM-CSF. In vitro data supported our in vivo results that the anti-CRC effects of BE were via the inhibition of gut inflammation and induction of cancer cell death. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the parent compound BI can be quickly converted into its microbial metabolite BE, which has stronger bioactive effects than BI. Baicalein is an active chemopreventive metabolite for inflammatory associated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Z Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - C-F Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Y Luo
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - H Yao
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - C Yu
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - L Chen
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - J Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - W-H Huang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - J-Y Wan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - J Zeng
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - W R Sawadogo
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - C-S Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4028, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Wang C, Sun W, Wang X, Jin Y, Zhao S, Luo M, Tong S. Large-scale separation of baicalin and wogonoside from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by the combination of pH-zone-refining and conventional counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:266-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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I El-Gogary R, Gaber SAA, Nasr M. Polymeric nanocapsular baicalin: Chemometric optimization, physicochemical characterization and mechanistic anticancer approaches on breast cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11064. [PMID: 31363132 PMCID: PMC6667692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a multi-purpose flavonoid known for its anticancer properties, but its application is hindered by its low water solubility and bioavailability. Polymeric nanocapsules were proposed in this work as a promising system for enhancing baicalin delivery, and potentiating its anticancer properties. The characterization of nanocapsules was augmented with chemometric analysis, and the selected formulations were tested on two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), with mechanistic anticancer elucidation using MTT assay, confocal microscopy uptake, flow cytometry, mechanism of cell death, reactive oxygen species production, caspase 3/7 activity and death biomarker expression using quantitative real time PCR. Results showed that baicalin nanocapsules displayed favorable pharmaceutical properties; with the formulation variables affecting their properties elucidated using chemometric factorial analysis. Nanocapsules enhanced the anticancer activity of baicalin up to 216 times for MCF-7 cells and 31 times for MDA-MB-231 after 24 hr incubation. Cellular internalization of the fluorescently labeled nanocapsules was confirmed after 4 hr incubation for both cell lines. Apoptosis was the dominant cell death mechanism, with significant up-regulation of P53 in baicalin nanocapsules treated cells. Data here presented drive to further preclinical studies to investigate the delivery of baicalin polymeric nanocapsules and their anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham I El-Gogary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A Abdel Gaber
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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15
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Liu K, Tian T, Zheng Y, Zhou L, Dai C, Wang M, Lin S, Deng Y, Hao Q, Zhai Z, Dai Z. Scutellarin inhibits proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via down-regulation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3040-3044. [PMID: 30697962 PMCID: PMC6433857 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor because of high incidence of recurrence and metastasis. JAK/STAT signalling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is also considered to contribute to invasion and metastasis of epithelial malignant tumours. Scutellarin is an active component found in many traditional Chinese herbs and has been regularly used in anti‐inflammatory and antitumour medicine. This study aimed to identify the effect of scutellarin and its possible mechanism of action in HCC cells. Proliferation, colony‐forming, apoptosis and cell migration assays were used to examine the effect of scutellarin on HCC cells. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting were performed to study the molecular mechanisms of action of scutellarin. Light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to study the effect of scutellarin on cellular mechanics. We show that scutellarin potentially suppresses invasiveness of HepG2 and MHCC97‐H cells in vitro by remodelling their cytoskeleton. The molecular mechanism behind it might be the inhibition of the EMT process, which could be attributed to the down‐regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. These findings may provide new clinical ideas for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linghui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Hao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Zhai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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16
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Wang L, Zhang D, Wang N, Li S, Tan HY, Feng Y. Polyphenols of Chinese skullcap roots: from chemical profiles to anticancer effects. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25518-25532. [PMID: 35530094 PMCID: PMC9070317 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03229k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Great efforts have been made to identify the principle bioactive constituents of Chinese herbs and to unravel the molecular mechanisms behind their anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchong Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing City
- P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine
- LKS Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine
- LKS Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine
- LKS Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine
- LKS Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine
- LKS Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
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17
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Wang ZL, Wang S, Kuang Y, Hu ZM, Qiao X, Ye M. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and flavonoid biosynthesis of Scutellaria baicalensis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:465-484. [PMID: 31070530 PMCID: PMC6292351 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1492620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) is a popular medicinal plant. Its roots are used as the famous traditional Chinese medicine Huang-Qin, which is recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia, and British Pharmacopoeia. OBJECTIVE This review comprehensively summarizes research progress in phytochemistry, pharmacology, and flavonoid biosynthesis of S. baicalensis. METHODS English and Chinese literature from 1973 to March 2018 was collected from databases including Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Elsevier, Baidu Scholar (Chinese), and CNKI (Chinese). Scutellaria baicalensis, chemical constituents, phytochemistry, biological activities, and biosynthesis were used as the key words. RESULTS A total of 126 small molecules (1-126) and 6 polysaccharides have been isolated from S. baicalensis. The small molecules can be classified into four structural types, namely, free flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, and other small molecules. Extracts of S. baicalensis and its major chemical constituents have been reported to possess anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Key steps in the biosynthetic pathways of Scutellaria flavonoids have also been summarized. CONCLUSIONS This article could be helpful for researchers who are interested in the chemical constituents, bioactivities, biosynthesis, and clinical applications of S. baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- CONTACT Min Ye State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing100191, China
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18
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Wang CZ, Wan JY, Zhang CF, Lu F, Chen L, Yuan CS. Deglycosylation of wogonoside enhances its anticancer potential. J Cancer Res Ther 2018; 14:S594-S599. [PMID: 30249874 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.183218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Scutellaria baicalensis is commonly used in Asia as an herbal medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including cancer. Wogonoside, one major constituent of S. baicalensis, can be primarily converted to wogonin through deglycosylation via enteric microbiome metabolism. Materials and Methods The antiproliferative effects of the glycoside (wogonoside) and its deglycosylated compound (wogonin) on a panel of human cancer cell lines from the most common solid tumors were evaluated using the MTS colorimetric assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Enzymatic activities of caspases were measured, and the interactions of wogonin and caspases were explored by a docking analysis. Results Wogonoside did not have obvious antiproliferative effects on the cancer cells. In contrast, wogonin showed significant antiproliferative activities on all the tested cancer cells. Wogonin arrested the cells in the G1 phase and significantly induced cell apoptosis. The compound also activated the expression of caspases 3 and 9. The docking results suggest that the compound forms hydrogen bonds with Phe250 and Ser251, and π-π interactions with Phe256 in caspase 3, and with Asp228 in caspase 9. Conclusions After wogonoside deglycosylation, wogonin significantly enhanced its anticancer potential as a potent anticancer compound derived from S. baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jin-Yi Wan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, JS 212013, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fang Lu
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lina Chen
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago; Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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19
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Wang H, Li H, Chen F, Luo J, Gu J, Wang H, Wu H, Xu Y. Baicalin extracted from Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by regulating B cell lymphoma
(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein and activating caspase-3 and caspase-9. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018; 37:229-5. [PMID: 29960296 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of baicalin in human gastric cancer cells, including apoptosis-inducing
effects, and to investigate its underlying mechanisms of action. METHODS Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to investigate the anti-proliferation effects of baicalin in human gastric cancer BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. Real time-quantitative
polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis were performed to elucidate the molecular
mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor properties of baicalin. RESULTS In BGC-823 and MGC-803 gastric cancer cells treated with 80, 120, and 160 μmol/L baicalin
for 48 h, a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay showed that
baicalin significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, while flow cytometric
analysis demonstrated that baicalin could induce apoptosis, also in a dose-dependent manner.
Moreover, baicalin up-regulated the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, and B cell lymphoma
(Bcl-2)-associated X protein and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 at both the mRNA and
protein level. CONCLUSION Baicalin has potential as a therapeutic
agent for gastric cancer by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
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EghbaliFeriz S, Taleghani A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. Scutellaria: Debates on the anticancer property. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1299-1310. [PMID: 30021367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of plants as accessible anticancer agents leads to the identification of many natural source chemotherapeutic agents. Scutellaria one of the popular genus of flowering plants has been used for various human illnesses for thousands of years. Scutellaria has anti-metastatic, anti-proliferative, anti-invasion, anti-angiogenic and apoptosis effects in vitro as well as in vivo. Despite numerous reports on the cytotoxic-antitumor activity of the plant, there are still some issues need further consideration. Issues such as unjustified interpretations, lack of attention to the pharmacokinetics profile and weak study design may affect the final decision about the use of plants as anticancer agents and possibly needs reconsideration. In this review, we have summarized the potential health benefits of Scutellaria and its active components also the underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. Meanwhile we have discussed concerns may interfere with the precise conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira EghbaliFeriz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Taleghani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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Wang T, Long F, Jiang G, Cai H, Jiang Q, Cheng K, Hu Z, Wang Y. Pharmacokinetic properties of wogonin and its herb-drug interactions with docetaxel in rats with mammary tumors. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4264. [PMID: 29679509 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Docetaxel, frequently used for the treatment of breast cancer, is mainly metabolized via hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A in humans and is also a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Wogonin has been shown to be able to modulate the activities of CYPs and P-gp, and it could serve as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent. However, the impacts of co-administration of wogonin and docetaxel on their pharmacokinetics have not been studied because of a lack of an analytical method for their simultaneous measurement. In the present study, we established an HPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous measurement of wogonin and docetaxel in rat plasma, and it was then utilized to explore the pharmacokinetics of wogonin and the herb-drug interactions between wogonin and docetaxel after their combined administration in rats with mammary tumors. The rats received 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg wogonin via oral administration, with or without docetaxel intravenously administered at 10 mg/kg, and the plasma concentrations of wogonin and docetaxel were measured using the established and validated HPLC-MS/MS method. The Cmax and AUC0-t of wogonin were proportionally increased in the dose range from 10 to 40 mg/kg, suggesting a linear pharmacokinetics of wogonin. Moreover, the Cmax and AUC0-t of docetaxel and the AUC0-t of wogonin were increased after co-administration (p < 0.05), indicating increased in vivo exposures of both wogonin and docetaxel, which might lead to an increase in not only therapeutic but also toxic effects. Thus the alterations of pharmacokinetics should be taken into consideration when wogonin and docetaxel are co-administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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Yu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Mao X, Zhang Y, Xia J. Baicalein induces cervical cancer apoptosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5088-5094. [PMID: 29393414 PMCID: PMC5865972 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of baicalein in inducing human cervical cancer cell line C33A apoptosis. Baicalein (200 µM) was used to treat C33A cells. Cell proliferation was tested by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL assay and caspase‑3 activity measurement. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry and associated gene expression at mRNA and protein levels. Nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activity was assessed by luciferase assay and western blotting. Baicalein suppressed cervical cancer cell C33A proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by activating caspase‑3 activity. Baicalein blocked cell cycle in G0/G1 phase through regulating the expression of associated genes. Baicalein inhibited NF‑κB activity by repressing nuclear translocation. Baicalein suppressed C33A proliferation and promoted cellular apoptosis by inhibiting NF‑κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, the results indicate that baicalein can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis by affecting NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhou Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiguan Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Cheng CS, Chen J, Tan HY, Wang N, Chen Z, Feng Y. Scutellaria baicalensis and Cancer Treatment: Recent Progress and Perspectives in Biomedical and Clinical Studies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:25-54. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis (Huangqin in Chinese) is a major traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb, which has a long history of use in the treatment of a variety of symptoms correlated with cancer. In the past decade, the potential of S. baicalensis and single compounds derived from it as anticancer agents targeting various pathways has received extensive research attention. Specifically, the proliferation and metastases inhibiting properties of the single compounds in cancer have been studied; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the various mechanisms, pathways and molecular targets involved in the anticancer activity of S. baicalensis and its single compounds. However, the aim of this review is to provide a more thorough view of the last 10 years to link traditional use with modern research and to highlight recently discovered molecular mechanisms. Extracts and major flavonoids derived from S. baicalensis have been found to possess anticancer effects in multiple cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation is warranted to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to discover novel targets and cancer therapeutic drugs that may improve both the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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You L, Zhu H, Wang C, Wang F, Li Y, Li Y, Wang Y, He B. Scutellarin inhibits Hela cell growth and glycolysis by inhibiting the activity of pyruvate kinase M2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5404-5408. [PMID: 29157862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Scutellarin, one of natural flavonoids, is widely and clinically used for treating many diseases in China. Recently, scutellarin has demonstrated a broad spectrum of anti-proliferative activities against multiple cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism of action remains to be investigated. We herein report the design and synthesis of biotinylated scutellareins as probes, which can be applied to discover scutellarein interacting proteins. Finally, we show that scutellarin directly targets pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and inhibits its cytosolic activity to decrease glycolytic metabolism; on the other hand, scutellarin may also participate in regulating cell cycle and apoptotic proteins by activating MEK/ERK/PIN1 signaling pathway to promote the nuclear translocation of PKM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin You
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Bin He
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.
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Hou L, Chen L, Fang L. Scutellarin Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and Tumorigenicity in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating HIPPO-YAP Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5130-5138. [PMID: 29079722 PMCID: PMC5673030 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Scutellarin on proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells and its associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS The MCF-7 cells were cultured with varies of concentrations of Scutellarin in vitro. The proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells were studied via CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry. In vivo expression of the HIPPO pathway key proteins YAP and p-YAP of MCF-7 cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The inhibition rates of Scutellarin-treated MCF-7 cells were 40.1%, 58.7%, and 70.6% for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. The MCF-7 cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by Scutellarin. Treating MCF-7 cells with Scutellarin led to invasion inhibition. The rates apoptotic cells were between 12.4±1.9% and 23.9±2.1% in 40-120 µM Scutellarin-administrated groups, which had a significant rise compared with the control group (7.8±1.9%, P<0.05). Scutellarin significantly inhibited MCF-7 xenograft tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the inhibition of tumor growth in Scutellarin-treated mice was associated with increased p-YAP and decreased YAP expression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Scutellarin-treated breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells had significantly inhibited growth and induced apoptosis, which is associated with induction of autophagy through regulation of the HIPPO-YAP signaling pathway, providing support to the clinical use of Scutellarin-based medication to achieve optimized outcome in patients with breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lengchen Hou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Han T, Li J, Xue J, Li H, Xu F, Cheng K, Li D, Li Z, Gao M, Hua H. Scutellarin derivatives as apoptosis inducers: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:270-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Anti-tumor activity of wogonin, an extract from Scutellaria baicalensis, through regulating different signaling pathways. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:15-40. [PMID: 28259249 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wogonin is a plant flavonoid compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis (Huang-Qin or Chinese skullcap) and has been studied thoroughly by many researchers till date for its anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-cancerous and neuro-protective properties. Numerous experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated wogonin's excellent tumor inhibitory properties. The anti-cancer mechanism of wogonin has been ascribed to modulation of various cell signaling pathways, including serine-threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways, p53-dependent/independent apoptosis, and inhibition of telomerase activity. Furthermore, wogonin also decreases DNA adduct formation with a carcinogenic compound 2-Aminofluorene and inhibits growth of drug resistant malignant cells and their migration and metastasis, without any side effects. Recently, newly synthesized wogonin derivatives have been developed with impressive anti-tumor activity. This review is the succinct appraisal of the pertinent articles on the mechanisms of anti-tumor properties of wogonin. We also summarize the potential of wogonin and its derivatives used alone or as an adjunct therapy for cancer treatment. Furthermore, pharmacokinetics and side effects of wogonin and its analogues have also been discussed.
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A wogonin-rich-fraction of Scutellaria baicalensis root extract exerts chondroprotective effects by suppressing IL-1β-induced activation of AP-1 in human OA chondrocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43789. [PMID: 28256567 PMCID: PMC5335554 DOI: 10.1038/srep43789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder with varying degrees of inflammation and sustained oxidative stress. The root extract of Scutellaria baicalensis (SBE) has been used for the treatment of inflammatory and other diseases. Here, we performed activity-guided HPLC-fractionation of SBE, identified the active ingredient(s) and investigated its chondroprotective potential. We found that the Wogonin containing fraction-4 (F4) was the most potent fraction based on its ability to inhibit ROS production and the suppression of catabolic markers including IL-6, COX-2, iNOS, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 in IL-1β-treated OA chondrocytes. OA chondrocytes treated with F4 in the presence of IL-1β showed significantly enhanced expression of anabolic genes ACAN and COL2A1. In an in vitro model of cartilage degradation treatment with F4 inhibited s-GAG release from IL-1β-treated human cartilage explants. The inhibitory effect of F4 was not mediated through the inhibition of MAPKs and NF-κB activation but was mediated through the suppression of c-Fos/AP-1 activity at transcriptional and post transcriptional levels in OA chondrocytes. Purified Wogonin mimicked the effects of F4 in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes. Our data demonstrates that a Wogonin-rich fraction of SBE exert chondroprotective effects through the suppression of c-Fos/AP-1 expression and activity in OA chondrocytes under pathological conditions.
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Therapeutic properties of Scutellaria baicalensis in db/db mice evaluated using Connectivity Map and network pharmacology. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41711. [PMID: 28139721 PMCID: PMC5282526 DOI: 10.1038/srep41711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have reported that an extract of Scutellaria baicalensis (ESB) has effects against obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetic animal model (db/db mouse). In the present study, we tried to explain the pharmacological effects of ESB by integrating gene expression information from db/db mouse liver with that of ESB-treated HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Using Connectivity Map (cmap) analysis, we found an inverse relationship in the pharmaceutical profiles based on gene expression between db/db mouse liver and ESB-treated HepG2 cells. This inverse relationship between the two data sets was also observed for pathway activities. Functional network analysis showed that biological functions associated with diabetes and lipid metabolism were commonly enriched in both data sets. We also observed a similarity in distribution of cmap enrichment scores between db/db mouse liver and human diabetic liver, whereas there was an inverse pattern of cmap enrichment scores in human diabetic liver compared with ESB-treated HepG2 cells. This relationship might explain the pharmacological activities of ESB against db/db mouse and possible effectiveness of ESB against human diabetes. We expect that our approach using in vitro cell lines could be applied in predicting the pharmacological effectiveness of herbal drugs in in vivo systems.
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Gogoi B, Gogoi D, Silla Y, Kakoti BB, Bhau BS. Network pharmacology-based virtual screening of natural products from Clerodendrum species for identification of novel anti-cancer therapeutics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 13:406-416. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00807k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, latest network pharmacological approach has been used for the screening of natural anticancer compounds from Clerodendrum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbi Gogoi
- Plant Genomic Laboratory
- Medicinal Aromatic & Economic Plants (MAEP) Group
- Biological Sciences & Technology Division (BSTD)
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat-785006
| | - Dhrubajyoti Gogoi
- DBT-BIF
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics
- Dibrugarh University
- Dibrugarh
- India
| | - Yumnam Silla
- Biotechnology Group
- Biological Sciences & Technology Division (BSTD)
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat-785006
- India
| | | | - Brijmohan Singh Bhau
- Plant Genomic Laboratory
- Medicinal Aromatic & Economic Plants (MAEP) Group
- Biological Sciences & Technology Division (BSTD)
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat-785006
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Abstract
The constituents of many traditional Chinese herbal remedies are currently at the forefront of modern cancer research. Baicalein, a bioactive flavone widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, has shown great potential in the treatment and prevention of cancer without causing severe side effects. Baicalein induces cancer cell apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest. It shows inhibitory effects on angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation, all of which are necessary for the promotion and progression of cancer. This review presents an overview of the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of baicalein. In addition, the bioavailability of baicalein and approaches to improve it are summarized. Treatments of baicalein in combination with other anti-cancer agents are also mentioned.
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Wu X, Zhang H, Salmani JMM, Fu R, Chen B. Advances of wogonin, an extract from Scutellaria baicalensis, for the treatment of multiple tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2935-43. [PMID: 27274287 PMCID: PMC4876109 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the major bioactive compound of Scutellaria baicalensis that has been approved to be effective as an anti-inflammatory and antiviral inhibitor in cardiovascular diseases, wogonin (WG) showed potent and promising antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. It has been proved that WG has the ability to inhibit the growth of tumor cells, induce apoptosis, and suppress angiogenesis. The molecular mechanisms involve reactive oxygen species, Ca2+, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of WG with 5-fluorouracil, etoposide, and adriamycin to enhance chemotherapy and reverse drug resistance has also been confirmed. In this review, we summarize the advances in recent years on the antitumor effect of WG on multiple tumors; in addition, we also present information regarding the synergistic and chemosensitizing effects of WG with other drugs to illustrate its potential use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Rong Fu
- Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Kumar M, Kasala ER, Bodduluru LN, Dahiya V, Lahkar M. Baicalein protects isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemic injury in male Wistar rats by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:613-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Wang CZ, Zhang CF, Chen L, Anderson S, Lu F, Yuan CS. Colon cancer chemopreventive effects of baicalein, an active enteric microbiome metabolite from baicalin. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1749-58. [PMID: 26398706 PMCID: PMC4599184 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a major constituent of Scutellaria baicalensis, which is a commonly used herbal medicine in many Asian countries. After oral ingestion, intestinal microbiota metabolism may change parent compound's structure and its biological activities. However, whether baicalin can be metabolized by enteric microbiota and the related anticancer activity is not clear. In this study, using human enteric microbiome incubation and HPLC analysis, we observed that baicalin can be quickly converted to baicalein. We compared the antiproliferative effects of baicalin and baicalein using a panel of human cancer cell lines, including three human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. In vitro antiproliferative effects on CRC cells were verified using an in vivo xenograft nude mouse model. Baicalin showed limited antiproliferative effects on some of these cancer cell lines. Baicalein, however, showed significant antiproliferative effects in all the tested cancer cell lines, especially on HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells. In vivo antitumor results supported our in vitro data. We demonstrated that baicalein exerts potent S phase cell cycle arrest and pro-apoptotic effects in HCT-116 cells. Baicalein induced the activation of caspase 3 and 9. The in silico modeling suggested that baicalein forms hydrogen bonds with residues Ser251 and Asp253 at the active site of caspase 3, while interactions with residues Leu227 and Asp228 in caspase 9 through its hydroxyl groups. Data from this study suggested that baicalein is a potent anticancer metabolite derived from S. baicalensis. Enteric microbiota play a key role in the colon cancer chemoprevention of S. baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lina Chen
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Samantha Anderson
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fang Lu
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Hung VWS, Bressan LP, Seo K, Kerman K. Electroanalysis of Natural Compounds as Copper Chelating Agents for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Liu Y, Wang H, Cai X. Optimization of the extraction of total flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi using the response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:2336-43. [PMID: 25829617 PMCID: PMC4375232 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the conditions for total flavonoid extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The influences of the ethanol concentration, extraction time, temperature, and the liquid-solid ratio on flavonoid yield were investigated. Based on ANOVA results, a second-order quadratic polynomial model could be applied to characterize the extraction process. The following optimal extraction conditions were identified: ethanol concentration, 52.98 %; extraction time, 2.12 h; extraction temperature, 62.46 °C; and liquid-solid ratio, 35.23. The predicted extraction yield was 19.437 mg/g when these optimal conditions were used. The proposed method was successfully employed to extract flavonoids from S. baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- />School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061 China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- />School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061 China
| | - Xuan Cai
- />Zhaoqing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Zhaoqing, 526062 China
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Chung H, Choi HS, Seo EK, Kang DH, Oh ES. Baicalin and baicalein inhibit transforming growth factor-β1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:707-713. [PMID: 25686495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Since the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in many crucial functions of cancer cells, we set out to identify a natural compound capable of inhibiting EMT processes. TGF-β1 treatment induces EMT among normal mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A cells), as reflected by characteristic morphological changes into the fibroblastic phenotype, reduced expression of E-cadherin. Interestingly, butanol extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi significantly reduced the TGF-β1-mediated EMT of MCF10A cells. Further analysis revealed that baicalin and baicalein, the major flavones of these butanol extracts, inhibited TGF-β1-mediated EMT by reducing the expression level of the EMT-related transcription factor, Slug via the NF-κB pathway, and subsequently increased migration in MCF10A cells. Finally, both compounds reduced the TGF-β1-mediated EMT, anchorage-independent growth and cell migration of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 cells). Taken together, these results suggest that baicalin and baicalein of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi may suppress the EMT of breast epithelial cells and the tumorigenic activity of breast cancer cells. Thus, these compounds could have potential as therapeutic or supplementary agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesung Chung
- Department of Life Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hack Sun Choi
- The Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 911-1 Mok-Dong, Yangcheon-Ku, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Hee Kang
- The Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 911-1 Mok-Dong, Yangcheon-Ku, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eok-Soo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
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Ding L, He S, Sun X. HSP70 desensitizes osteosarcoma cells to baicalein and protects cells from undergoing apoptosis. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1269-80. [PMID: 24846187 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein is a new drug that has shown promising anti-cancer effects against a broad spectrum of tumors. However, the potential effect on osteosarcoma cells and the mechanisms involved are still largely unknown. Resistance to chemotherapy remains a major obstacle in cancer therapy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect of baicalein on human osteosarcoma cancer cells and the molecular mechanism involved, as well as identify possible mechanisms of drug resistance. Our results revealed that baicalein-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells was via a mitochondrial pathway involving both caspase-dependent and independent mechanisms. Notably, baicalein treatment upregulated the expression of HSP70, which partially prevented human osteosarcoma cells from undergoing apoptosis. Moreover, it was revealed that HSP70 expression decreased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to baicalein via activation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways. These results suggest that targeting HSP70-mediated drug resistance, in combination with chemotherapy drugs, may provide novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, No 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
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Motaez M, Emami SA, Tayarani-Najaran Z. Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of Scutellaria luteo-coerulea Bornm. & Sint. on leukemia cancer cell lines K562 and HL-60. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2015; 5:553-9. [PMID: 26693412 PMCID: PMC4678500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) has been implicated for medicinal purposes both in modern and traditional medicine. Some species of the genus Scutellaria has extensively been studied for anticancer activity. Scutellaria luteo-coerulea (S. luteo-coerulea) is one of the Iranian species of the genus Scutellaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of CH2Cl2, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions of S. luteo-coerulea were investigated on K562. Moreover, HL-60. DNA fragmentation in apoptotic cells were determined by propidium iodide (PI) staining (sub-G1 peak). RESULTS Scutellaria luteo-coerulea inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a dose-dependent manner. Among solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea, the CH2Cl2 fraction was found to be the most cytotoxic one among others. Sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells suggested the induction of apoptosis in S. luteo-coerulea. CONCLUSION Scutellaria luteo-coerulea could be a novel candidate for further analytical elucidation in respect to fine major components responsible for the cytotoxic effect of the plant also clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Motaez
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +985138823255, Fax: +985138823251, E-mail:
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Kim JA, Nagappan A, Park HS, Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma V, Hong GE, Yumnam S, Lee HJ, Raha S, Kim EH, Young PS, Kim GS. Proteome profiling of lipopolysaccharide induced L6 rat skeletal muscle cells response to flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:379. [PMID: 25287937 PMCID: PMC4195865 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a commonly used medicinal herb in several Asian countries like Korea, China and Japan for thousands of years. It has been reported to have various medicinal properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. baicalensis G at proteome level has not yet been reported. Hence, we performed a proteome analysis to study differentially expressed proteins and its anti-inflammatory role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated L6 skeletal muscle cells response to flavonoids isolated from S. baicalensis G. Methods For that, 150 μg of proteins from the L6 cells of the control (Vehicle only), LPS treated and flavonoid treated groups were separated using 18 cm, pH 4–7 IPG strips in the first dimension and resolved by 12% linear gradient SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The silver stained gels were analyzed by using progenesis SameSpots software and twenty six differentially expressed protein spots (≥2 fold, p < 0.05) were selected for matrix assisted laser desorption ionization- time of flight mass spectroscopy/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analysis. Also, the expression of COX-2, iNOS and Annexin A2 proteins were analyzed by western blot. Results Totally, 12 differentially expressed proteins were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF/MS and database searching, that’s involved in inflammatory responses such vimentin, T-box transcription factor TBX3, annexin A1, annexin A2 and annexin A5. In addition, flavonoids inhibited the expression of COX-2, iNOS and Annexin A2 proteins in LPS-stimulated L6 skeletal muscle cells. Conclusions The findings revealed that the flavonoids from S. baicalensis G. directly protect the LPS stimulated inflammation process in L6 cells and, would be helpful to study further the muscle cell inflammatory mechanism. This is the first proteome study provide the anti-inflammatory mechanism of flavonoids from S. baicalensis G. in LPS stimulated L6 skeletal muscle cells.
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Chemopreventive effects of oplopantriol A, a novel compound isolated from Oplopanax horridus, on colorectal cancer. Nutrients 2014; 6:2668-80. [PMID: 25045937 PMCID: PMC4113763 DOI: 10.3390/nu6072668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oplopanax horridus is a North American botanical that has received limited investigations. We previously isolated over a dozen of the constituents from O. horridus, and among them oplopantriol A (OPT A) is a novel compound. In this study, we firstly evaluated the in vivo chemoprevention activities of OPT A using the xenograft colon cancer mouse model. Our data showed that this compound significantly suppressed tumor growth with dose-related effects (p < 0.01). Next, we characterized the compound's growth inhibitory effects in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT-116 and SW-480. With OPT A treatment, these malignant cells were significantly inhibited in both a concentration- and time-dependent manner (both p < 0.01). The IC50 was approximately 5 µM for HCT-116 and 7 µM for SW-480 cells. OPT A significantly induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. From further mechanism explorations, our data showed that OPT A significantly upregulated the expression of a cluster of genes, especially the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and caspase family, suggesting that the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptotic pathway plays a key role in OPT A induced apoptosis.
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Luo R, Wang J, Zhao L, Lu N, You Q, Guo Q, Li Z. Synthesis and biological evaluation of baicalein derivatives as potent antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1334-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tor YS, Yazan LS, Foo JB, Armania N, Cheah YK, Abdullah R, Imam MU, Ismail N, Ismail M. Induction of apoptosis through oxidative stress-related pathways in MCF-7, human breast cancer cells, by ethyl acetate extract of Dillenia suffruticosa. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:55. [PMID: 24524627 PMCID: PMC3927215 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most dreading types of cancer among women. Herbal medicine has becoming a potential source of treatment for breast cancer. Herbal plant Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff) Martelli under the family Dilleniaceae has been traditionally used to treat cancerous growth. In this study, the anticancer effect of ethyl acetate extract of D. suffruticosa (EADs) was examined on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and the molecular pathway involved was elucidated. Methods EADs was obtained from the root of D. suffruticosa by using sequential solvent extraction. Cytotoxicity was determined by using MTT assay, mode of cell death by cell cycle analysis and apoptosis induction by Annexin-FITC/PI assay. Morphology changes in cells were observed under inverted light microscope. Involvement of selected genes in the oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathway was explored using multiplex gene expression analysis. Results The treatment of EADs caused cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner at 24, 48 and 72 hours with IC50 of 76 ± 2.3, 58 ± 0.7 and 39 ± 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of tamoxifen-treated MCF-7 cells was 8 ± 0.5 μg/mL. Induction of apoptosis by EADs was dose- and time- dependent. EADs induced non-phase specific cell cycle arrest at different concentration and time point. The multiplex mRNA expression study indicated that EADs-induced apoptosis was accompanied by upregulation of the expression of SOD1, SOD2, NF-κB, p53, p38 MAPK, and catalase, but downregulation of Akt1. Conclusion It is suggested that EADs induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by modulating numerous genes which are involved in oxidative stress pathway. Therefore, EADs has the potential to act as an effective intervention against breast cancer cells.
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Lin MG, Liu LP, Li CY, Zhang M, Chen Y, Qin J, Gu YY, Li Z, Wu XL, Mo SL. Scutellaria Extract Decreases the Proportion of Side Population Cells in a Myeloma Cell Line by Down-regulating the Expression of ABCG2 Protein. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:7179-86. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kavandi L, Lee LR, Bokhari AA, Pirog JE, Jiang Y, Ahmad KA, Syed V. The Chinese herbsScutellaria baicalensisandFritillaria cirrhosatarget NFκB to inhibit proliferation of ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2013; 54:368-78. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Kavandi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Bethesda Maryland
| | - Laura R. Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Bethesda Maryland
| | - Amber A. Bokhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Bethesda Maryland
| | - John E. Pirog
- Department of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine; Northwestern Health Sciences University; Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Yongping Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine; Northwestern Health Sciences University; Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Kashif A. Ahmad
- Department of Basic Sciences; Northwestern Health Sciences University; Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Viqar Syed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Bethesda Maryland
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Bethesda Maryland
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Yu C, Qu F, Mao Y, Li D, Zhen Z, Nass R, Calway T, Wang Y, Yuan CS, Wang CZ. Different extraction pretreatments significantly change the flavonoid contents of Scutellaria baicalensis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:1228-1235. [PMID: 23738852 PMCID: PMC3971064 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.784922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae) is one of the most commonly used medicinal herbs, especially in traditional Chinese medicine. However, compared to many pharmacological studies of this botanical, much less attention has been paid to the quality control of the herb's pretreatment prior to extract preparation, an issue that may affect therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE The current study was designed to evaluate whether different pretreatment conditions change the contents of the four major flavonoids in the herb, i.e., two glycosides (baicalin and wogonoside) and two aglycones (baicalein and wogonin). MATERIALS AND METHODS A high-performance liquid chromatography assay was used to quantify the contents of these four flavonoids. The composition changes of four flavonoids by different pretreatment conditions, including solvent, treatment time, temperature, pH value and herb/solvent ratio were evaluated. RESULTS After selection of the first order time-curve kinetics, our data showed that at 50 °C, 1:5 herb/water (in w/v) ratio and pH 6.67 yielded an optimal conversion rate from flavonoid glycosides to their aglycones. In this optimized condition, the contents of baicalin and wogonoside were decreased to 1/70 and 1/13, while baicalein and wogonin were increased 3.5- and 3.1-fold, respectively, compared to untreated herb. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The markedly variable conversion rates by different pretreatment conditions complicated the quality control of this herb, mainly due to the high amount of endogenous enzymes of S. baicalensis. Optimal pretreatment conditions observed in this study could be used obtain the highest level of desired constituents to achieve better pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Yu
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 223003, China
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Fengyun Qu
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Yanyong Mao
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Zhong Zhen
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Rachael Nass
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Tyler Calway
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
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Yu C, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Zhen Z, Calway T, Wang Y, Yuan CS, Wang CZ. Pretreatment of baicalin and wogonoside with glycoside hydrolase: a promising approach to enhance anticancer potential. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2411-8. [PMID: 24026776 PMCID: PMC3820585 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous phytochemical studies showed that the major flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis are baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin. The two glycosides (baicalin and wogonoside) can be transformed into their aglycons (baicalein and wogonin), which possess positive anticancer potential. In this study, we used glycosidase to catalyze flavonoids in S. baicalensis to enhance the herb’s anticancer activities. Our HPLC data showed that, using the optimized conditions obtained in our experiments (20 U/g of cellulase, 50ºC, pH 4.8 and treatment for 8 h), there was a marked transformation from the two glycosides to their aglycons. The anticancer activity was subsequently evaluated using a series of S. baicalensis extracts in which variable lengths of glycosidase treatment time were used. Combining analytical and bioassay results, we observed that the higher the aglycon content, the stronger the antiproliferation effects. Compared to the untransformed control, 8 h of glycosidase catalyzing significantly increased antiproliferative activity on human colorectal and breast cancer cells, and its cancer cell growth inhibition is, in part, mediated by cell cycle arrest at the S-phase and induction of apoptosis. Data from this study suggest that using glycosidase to catalyze S. baicalensis offers a promising approach to increase its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Yu
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 223003, P.R. China
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LI HAIXIA, HUANG DAYONG, GAO ZHONGXIUZI, CHEN YAN, ZHANG LINA, ZHENG JINHUA. Scutellarin inhibits the growth and invasion of human tongue squamous carcinoma through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and αvβ6 integrin. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1674-81. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Xu H, Zhang S. Scutellarin-induced apoptosis in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a STAT3 pathway. Phytother Res 2012. [PMID: 23192830 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancers remain one main reason for the mortality in patients with tumors. Up to now, however, the effective drugs to treat liver cancers are limited. The aim of this study was to study whether Scutellarin which was widely found in many medicinal plants can exert an inhibitory role in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, and to explore its molecular mechanisms. The MTT assay showed that Scutellarin markedly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, Scutellarin-treated cells exhibited typical apoptotic appearance by staining assay. Also, Scutellarin-treated HepG2 cells exhibited the reduction of ROS production, compared with untreated HepG2 cells. Western blot analysis displayed that STAT3 protein was obviously decreased in Scutellarin-treated HepG2 cells. Furthermore, STAT3 transcriptional targets Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 were also downregulated in HepG2 cells treated by Scutellarin. In summary, we found that Scutellarin was able to inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cells via a STAT3 signal pathway, which provided evident support for developing Scutellarin as an alternative treatment for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, P.R., China
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Sato D, Kondo S, Yazawa K, Mukudai Y, Li C, Kamatani T, Katsuta H, Yoshihama Y, Shirota T, Shintani S. The potential anticancer activity of extracts derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis on human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Mol Clin Oncol 2012; 1:105-111. [PMID: 24649131 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2012.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Various herb products derived from plants have potent biological effects including anticancer activity. In the present study, the antitumor activity of a herbal product derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) was examined, using in vitro assays in a human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line. Results showed that S. baicalensis root extract at the concentration of 100 μg/ml inhibited monolayer- and anchorage-independent growth in human OSCC cell lines, while not affecting the adhering abilities of cells. This suggested that it did not alter the expression of any of the adhesion receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. The S. baicalensis root extract demonstrated potent cytostatic and apoptotic effects due to the downregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 expression and its partner cyclin D1, resulting in G1 arrest and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Additionally, the S. baicalensis root extract was found to have blocked vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced migration and tube formation in human endothelial cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that as a herbal product, the S. baicalensis root extract is a potential inhibitor of tumori- and angiogenesis and may be valuable in the development of pharmaceutical medications for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Kazunaga Yazawa
- Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Science, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mukudai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Chunnan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Takaaki Kamatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Hideyuki Katsuta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Yasuto Yoshihama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Satoru Shintani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
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