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Monteiro CEDS, de Cerqueira Fiorio B, Silva FGO, de Fathima Felipe de Souza M, Franco ÁX, Lima MADS, Sales TMAL, Mendes TS, Havt A, Barbosa ALR, Resende ÂC, de Moura RS, de Souza MHLP, Soares PMG. A polyphenol-rich açaí seed extract protects against 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice through the TLR-4/MyD88/PI3K/mTOR/NF-κBp65 signaling pathway. Nutr Res 2024; 125:1-15. [PMID: 38428258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Açaí seed extract (ASE) is obtained from Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) plant (Amazon region) has high nutritional and functional value. ASE is rich in polyphenolic compounds, mainly proanthocyanidins. Proanthocyanidins can modulate the immune system and oxidative stress by inhibiting the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. A great deal of evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal mucositis, and these events can lead to intestinal dysmotility. We hypothesized that ASE acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound in intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) through modulation of the TLR-4/MyD88/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase α/mechanistic target of rapamycin/NF-κBp65 pathway. The animals were divided into linear 5-FU (450 mg/kg) and 5-FU + ASE (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) groups. The weight loss of the animals was evaluated daily. Samples from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were obtained for histopathological, biochemical, and functional analyses. ASE reduced weight loss, inflammatory parameters (interleukin-1β; tumor necrosis factor-α; myeloperoxidase activity) and the gene expression of mediators involved in the TLR-2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. ASE prevented histopathological changes with beneficial effects on gastrointestinal transit delay, gastric emptying, and intestinal absorption/permeability. In conclusion, ASE protects the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier by inhibiting the TLR/MyD88/PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin/NF-κBp65 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo da Silva Monteiro
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Cerqueira Fiorio
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Géssica Oliveira Silva
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fathima Felipe de Souza
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Xavier Franco
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcos Aurélio de Sousa Lima
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Meneses Araujo Leite Sales
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago Santos Mendes
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Havt
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxinology, LTM, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Reis Barbosa
- LAFFEX- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Parnaiba Delta Federal University (UFDPAR), Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Ângela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Lessa TLADS, Correia TML, Santos TCD, da Silva RP, Silva BPD, Cavallini MCM, Rocha LS, Souza Peixoto A, Cugnasca BS, Cervi G, Correra TC, Gonçalves AC, Festuccia WTL, Cunha TM, Yatsuda R, de Magalhães ACM, Dos Santos AA, Meotti FC, Queiroz RF. A novel diselenide attenuates the carrageenan-induced inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and the resulting tissue damage in mice. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:229-248. [PMID: 38588405 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2336566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as promising treatment for redox-based and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of a novel diselenide named as dibenzyl[diselanediyIbis(propane-3-1diyl)] dicarbamate (DD). DD reacted with HOCl (k = 9.2 x 107 M-1s-1), like glutathione (k = 1.2 x 108 M-1s-1), yielding seleninic and selenonic acid derivatives, and it also decreased HOCl formation by activated human neutrophils (IC50=4.6 μM) and purified myeloperoxidase (MPO) (IC50=3.8 μM). However, tyrosine, MPO-I and MPO-II substrates, did not restore HOCl formation in presence of DD. DD inhibited the oxidative burst in dHL-60 cells with no toxicity up to 25 µM for 48h. Next, an intraperitoneal administration of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg DD decreased total leukocyte, neutrophil chemotaxis, and inflammation markers (MPO activity, lipid peroxidation, albumin exudation, nitrite, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL1/KC, and CXCL2/MIP-2) on a murine model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis. Likewise, 50 mg/kg DD (i.p.) decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema over 5h. Histological and immunohistochemistry analyses of the paw tissue showed decreased neutrophil count, edema area, and MPO, carbonylated, and nitrated protein staining. Furthermore, DD treatment decreased the fMLP-induced chemotaxis of human neutrophils (IC50=3.7 μM) in vitro with no toxicity. Lastly, DD presented no toxicity in a single-dose model using mice (50 mg/kg, i.p.) over 15 days and in Artemia salina bioassay (50 to 2000 µM), corroborating findings from in silico toxicological study. Altogether, these results demonstrate that DD attenuates carrageenan-induced inflammation mainly by reducing neutrophil migration and the resulting damage from MPO-mediated oxidative burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia Liz Araújo Dos Santos Lessa
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Talita Costa Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Magalhães Cavallini
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Silva Rocha
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Cervi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago C Correra
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Regiane Yatsuda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raphael Ferreira Queiroz
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
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Omidkhoda N, Mahdiani S, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Natural compounds against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A review on the involvement of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5769-5786. [PMID: 37748097 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Although various therapeutic approaches are used to manage nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the best approach to NAFLD management is unclear. NAFLD is a liver disorder associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. NAFLD progression can lead to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Hepatic kinase B1 (LKB1) is an upstream kinase of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator in hepatic lipid metabolism. Activation of LKB1/AMPK inhibits fatty acid synthesis, increases mitochondrial β-oxidation, decreases the expression of genes encoding lipogenic enzymes, improves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and suppresses NAFLD progression. One potential opening for new and safe chemicals that can tackle the NAFLD pathogenesis through the LKB1-AMPK pathway includes natural bioactive compounds. Accordingly, we summarized in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the effect of natural bioactive compounds such as a few members of the polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, and some natural extracts on NAFLD through the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. This manuscript may shed light on the way to finding a new therapeutic agent for NAFLD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Omidkhoda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Mahdiani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Silveira JTD, Rosa APCD, Morais MGD, Victoria FN, Costa JAV. An integrative review of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria): Traditional uses, phytochemical composition, market trends, and emerging applications. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113304. [PMID: 37803612 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing trade and popularity of açaí prompt this review. Therefore, it is imperative to provide an overview of the fruit's characteristics and the available data on its marketing, research, and products derived from its pulp and seeds to comprehend the current state of the açaí industry. Concerning food applications, it was observed that there is still room for developing processes that effectively preserve the bioactive compounds of the fruit while also being economically feasible, which presents an opportunity for future research. A notable research trend has been focused on utilizing the fruit's seeds, a byproduct of açaí processing, which is still considered a significant technological challenge. Furthermore, the studies compiled in this review attest to the industry's considerable progress and ongoing efforts to demonstrate the various properties of açaí, driving the sector's exponential growth in Brazil and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Teixeira da Silveira
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, CEP 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Priscila Centeno da Rosa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, CEP 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque de Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Francine Novack Victoria
- Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, CEP 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Impellizzeri D, Siracusa R, D'Amico R, Fusco R, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Açaí berry ameliorates cognitive impairment by inhibiting NLRP3/ASC/CASP axis in STZ-induced diabetic neuropathy in mice. J Neurophysiol 2023; 130:671-683. [PMID: 37584088 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00239.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are linked to morbidity and mortality. Peripheral nerve damages in DPN are accompanied by discomfort, weakness, and sensory loss. Some drugs may demonstrate their therapeutic promise by reducing neuroinflammation, but they have side effects. Based on these considerations, the objective of this study was to examine the beneficial properties of açaí berry in a mouse model of DPN generated by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Açaí berry was given orally to diabetic and control mice every day beginning 2 wk after STZ injection. The animals were euthanized after 16 wk, and tissues from the spinal cord and sciatic nerve and urine were taken. Our findings showed that daily treatment of açaí berry at a dose of 500 mg/kg was able to prevent behavioral changes as well as mast cell activation and nerve deterioration via NOD-like receptor family pyrin-domain-containing-3 (NLRP3)/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a card (ASC)/caspase (CASP) regulation after diabetes induction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our research shows that açaí berry reduces mast cells degranulation and histological damage in diabetic neuropathy, improves physiological defense against reactive oxygen species, modulates the NLRP3/ASC/CASP axis, and ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress. Diet could help treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D'Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Alessandra-Perini J, Machado DE, Palmero CY, Claudino MC, de Moura RS, Palumbo Junior A, Perini JA, Nasciutti LE. Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí) exhibits cardioprotective effects after chemotherapy treatment in a breast cancer model. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37626388 PMCID: PMC10463785 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Açaí, a Brazilian native fruit, has already been demonstrated to play a role in the progress of breast cancer and cardiotoxicity promoted by chemotherapy agents. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of açaí and the FAC-D chemotherapy protocol in a breast cancer model in vivo. METHODS Mammary carcinogenesis was induced in thirty female Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in the mammary gland. After sixty days, the rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 45 consecutive days. The FAC-D protocol was initiated after 90 days of induction by intraperitoneal injection for 3 cycles with a 7-day break each. After treatment, blood was collected for haematological and biochemical analyses, and tumours were collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. In the same way, heart, liver, and kidney samples were also collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. RESULTS Breast cancer was found as a cystic mass with a fibrotic pattern in the mammary gland. The histological analysis showed an invasive carcinoma area in both groups; however, in the saline group, there was a higher presence of inflammatory clusters. No difference was observed regarding body weight, glycaemia, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and urea in either group. However, açaí treatment decreased creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB), troponin I and C-reactive protein levels and increased the number of neutrophils and monocytes. Heart histopathology showed normal myocardium in the açaí treatment, while the saline group presented higher toxicity effects with loss of architecture of cardiac tissue. Furthermore, the açaí treatment presented greater collagen distribution, increased hydroxyproline concentration and lower H2AX immunostaining in the heart samples. CONCLUSION Açaí decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the tumor environment and exhibited protection against chemotherapy drug cardiotoxicity with an increased immune response in animals. Thus, açaí can be considered a promising low-cost therapeutic treatment that can be used in association with chemotherapy agents to avoid heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Celia Yelimar Palmero
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 9UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marllow Caetano Claudino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio Palumbo Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Barbosa-de-Oliveira MC, Oliveira-Melo P, Gonçalves da Silva MH, Santos da Silva F, Andrade Carvalho da Silva F, Silva de Araujo BV, Franco de Oliveira M, Tadeu Correia A, Miyoshi Sakamoto S, Valença SS, Lanzetti M, Schmidt M, Kennedy-Feitosa E. Modulation of Alveolar Macrophage Activity by Eugenol Attenuates Cigarette-Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1258. [PMID: 37371988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role of eugenol (EUG) on CS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and how this compound is able to modulate macrophage activity. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 12 cigarettes/day/5days and treated 15 min/day/5days with EUG. Rat alveolar macrophages (RAMs) were exposed to CSE (5%) and treated with EUG. In vivo, EUG reduced morphological changes inflammatory cells, oxidative stress markers, while, in vitro, it induced balance in the oxidative stress and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokine release while increasing the anti-inflammatory one. These results suggest that eugenol reduced CS-induced ALI and acted as a modulator of macrophage activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara Barbosa-de-Oliveira
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Paolo Oliveira-Melo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica, Faculdade de Medicina HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Santos da Silva
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Andrade Carvalho da Silva
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Vinicios Silva de Araujo
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | | | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica, Faculdade de Medicina HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Miyoshi Sakamoto
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Building 3211, Room 406, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuel Kennedy-Feitosa
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
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Custódio Neto da Silva MA, Araújo Souza Wolff L, Assunção Borges KR, Alvares Marques Vale A, Silva de Azevedo-Santos AP, Pascoal Xavier MA, Lacerda Barbosa MDC, Soares Brandão Nascimento MDD, Ernesto de Carvalho J. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) byproduct reduces tumor size and modulates inflammation in Ehrlich mice model. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
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9
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Laurindo LF, Barbalho SM, Araújo AC, Guiguer EL, Mondal A, Bachtel G, Bishayee A. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in Health and Disease: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040989. [PMID: 36839349 PMCID: PMC9965320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), a species belonging to the Arecaceae family, has been cultivated for thousands of years in tropical Central and South America as a multipurpose dietary plant. The recent introduction of açaí fruit and its nutritional and healing qualities to regions outside its origin has rapidly expanded global demand for açaí berry. The health-promoting and disease-preventing properties of this plant are attributed to numerous bioactive phenolic compounds present in the leaf, pulp, fruit, skin, and seeds. The purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical evaluation of the health benefits of açaí and its phytochemicals with a special focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that açaí possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exerts cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, renoprotective, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, and antineoplastic activities. Moreover, clinical trials have suggested that açaí can protect against metabolic stress induced by oxidation, inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and physical exertion. Due to its medicinal properties and the absence of undesirable effects, açaí shows a promising future in health promotion and disease prevention, in addition to a vast economic potential in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743 234, India
| | - Gabrielle Bachtel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: or
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D’Amico R, Impellizzeri D, Cordaro M, Siracusa R, Interdonato L, Marino Y, Crupi R, Gugliandolo E, Macrì F, Di Paola D, Peritore AF, Fusco R, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Complex Interplay between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Endometriosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122484. [PMID: 36552692 PMCID: PMC9774576 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (Endo) is a chronic gynecological disease. This paper aimed to evaluate the modulation of autophagy, oxidative stress and apoptosis with Açai Berries in a rat model of endometriosis. Endometriosis was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of minced uterus tissue from a donor rat into a recipient one. The abdominal high-frequency ultrasound (hfUS) analysis was performed at 7 and 14 days from the endometriosis induction to evaluate the growth of the lesion during the experiment. Seven days from the induction, once the lesions were implanted, an Açai Berry was administered daily by gavage for the next seven days. At the end of the experiment, the hfUS analysis showed a reduced lesion diameter in animals given the Açai Berry. A macroscopical and histological analysis confirmed this result. From the molecular point of view, Western blot analyses were conducted to evaluate the autophagy induction. Samples collected from the Endo group showed impaired autophagy, while the Açai Berry administration inhibited PI3K and AKT and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and promoted autophagy by inactivating mTOR. Additionally, Açai Berry administration dephosphorylated ATG1, promoting the activity of the ATG1/ULK1 complex that recruited Ambra1/Beclin1 and Atg9 to promote autophagosome nucleation and LC3II expression. Açai Berry administration also restored mitophagy, which increased Parkin cytosolic expression. The Açai Berry increased the expression of NRF2 in the nucleus and the expression of its downstream antioxidant proteins as NQO-1 and HO-1, thereby restoring the oxidative imbalance. It also restored the impaired apoptotic pathway by reducing BCL-2 and increasing BAX expression. This result was also confirmed by the TUNEL assay. Overall, our results displayed that Açai Berry administration was able to modulate autophagy, oxidative stress and apoptosis during endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ylenia Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Macrì
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
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11
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Sengupta S, Abhinav N, Singh S, Dutta J, Mabalirajan U, Kaliyamurthy K, Mukherjee PK, Jaisankar P, Bandyopadhyay A. Standardised Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. fruit extract inhibits human neutrophil elastase and attenuates elastase-induced lung injury in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1011216. [PMID: 36569308 PMCID: PMC9768866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1011216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) along with asthma is a major and increasing global health problem. Smoking contributes to about 80%-90% of total COPD cases in the world. COPD leads to the narrowing of small airways and destruction of lung tissue leading to emphysema primarily caused by neutrophil elastase. Neutrophil elastase plays an important role in disease progression in COPD patients and has emerged as an important target for drug discovery. Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. is a mangrove plant belonging to family Sonneratiaceae. It is widely found in the Sundarban regions of India. While the fruits of this plant have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and astringent activities, fruit and leaf extracts have been shown to reduce the symptoms of asthma and cough. The aim of this study is to find whether hydro alcoholic fruit extracts of S. apetala inhibit neutrophil elastase and thus prevent the progression of neutrophil elastase-driven lung emphysema. The hydroalcoholic extract, ethanol: water (90:10), of the S. apetala Buch.-Ham. fresh fruits (SAM) were used for neutrophil elastase enzyme kinetic assay and IC50 of the extract was determined. The novel HPLC method has been developed and the extract was standardized with gallic acid and ellagic acid as standards. The extract was further subjected to LC-MS2 profiling to identify key phytochemicals. The standardized SAM extract contains 53 μg/mg of gallic acid and 95 μg/mg of ellagic acid, based on the HPLC calibration curve. SAM also reversed the elastase-induced morphological change of human epithelial cells and prevented the release of ICAM-1 in vitro and an MTT assay was conducted to assess the viability. Further, 10 mg/kg SAM had reduced alveolar collapse induced by neutrophil elastase in the mice model. Thus, in this study, we reported for the first time that S. apetala fruit extract has the potential to inhibit human neutrophil elastase in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Sengupta
- Cardiovascular Disease and Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Nipun Abhinav
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
| | - Sabita Singh
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Joytri Dutta
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Karthigeyan Kaliyamurthy
- Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, A.J.C.B. Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, India
| | | | - Parasuraman Jaisankar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India,Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,*Correspondence: Parasuraman Jaisankar, ; Arun Bandyopadhyay,
| | - Arun Bandyopadhyay
- Cardiovascular Disease and Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India,*Correspondence: Parasuraman Jaisankar, ; Arun Bandyopadhyay,
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12
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Polyphenol-rich açaí seed extract exhibits reno-protective and anti-fibrotic activities in renal tubular cells and mice with kidney failure. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20855. [PMID: 36460743 PMCID: PMC9718837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to evaluate the reno-protective effects of a phenolic-rich Açaí seed extract (ASE) in mice with kidney failure. Kidney failure was induced chemically with an adenine-rich diet (0.25% w/w for 4 weeks) in male CD1 Swiss mice. Mice were then provided daily with ASE (at a dose of ~ 350 mg/kg/day) in drinking water for 4 weeks. Adenine mice exhibited renal dysfunction evidenced by increased proteinuria, increased uremia, extensive tubular atrophy and kidney fibrosis associated with overexpression of pro-fibrotic genes (collagen 1a1, transforming growth factor β1, TGF-β1) and markers of tubular injury (such as Kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1). ASE was able to beneficially counteract all these effects. ASE improved oxidative damage and fibrosis by decreasing carbonylated protein and MDA concentrations, as well as collagen deposition in renal tissue. ASE decreased the expression of TGF-β1 gene and the abundance of protein TGF-β1 in kidneys. It further decreased both expression and urinary excretion of tubular injury biomarkers, e.g., KIM-1 and Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. CKD ASE-treated mice exhibited higher polyphenol content and total antioxidant capacity compared to control mice. ASE further prevented the expression of profibrotic genes in HK2 human tubular cells exposed to uremic toxins. Taken together, these findings suggest that ASE exerted potent reno-protective and anti-fibrotic effects through its antioxidant activity and the modulation of the TGF-β1 pathway.
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Siracusa R, D’Amico R, Fusco R, Impellizzeri D, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Interdonato L, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Açai Berry Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage in Genitourinary Axis-Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122355. [PMID: 36552563 PMCID: PMC9774754 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is used to treat different malignancies and autoimmune disorders in men. This chemotherapy frequently reduces tumors, which is beneficial, but also causes infertility because of severe oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the bladder and testes brought on by its metabolite, acrolein. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel food, açai berry, in preventing CYP-induced damage in the bladder and testes. METHODS CYP was administered intraperitoneally once during the experiment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in 10 mL/kg b.w. of water. Açai berry was administered orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg. RESULTS The administration of açai berry was able to reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, and histological changes in the bladder and testes after CYP injection. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show for the first time that açai berry modulates physiological antioxidant defenses to protect the bladder and testes against CYP-induced changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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da Silva MACN, Soares CS, Borges KRA, Wolff LAS, Barbosa MDCL, Nascimento MDDSB, Carvalho JED. Ultrastructural changes induced by açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart) in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:511-518. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2141404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva
- Faculty of Medical Science, Post-graduate Program in Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Campi- nas. Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Camila Simões Soares
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Kátia Regina Assunção Borges
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Laís Araujo Souza Wolff
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Maria Do Carmo Lacerda Barbosa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, São Luís, Brazil
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15
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Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Alveolar Bone Damage in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101902. [PMID: 36290625 PMCID: PMC9598833 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) juice is rich in phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity. It has been observed that the use of antioxidants may be an additional strategy to nonsurgical periodontal therapy as well as to prevent alveolar bone loss. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of açaí supplementation on experimental periodontitis in rats. Twenty male Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) rats were assigned into control, açaí, experimental periodontitis, and experimental periodontitis with açaí supplementation groups. Periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures around the lower first molars. Animals in the açaí groups received 0.01 mL/g of clarified açaí juice for 14 days by intragastric gavage. At the end of the experimental period, blood was collected to assess the reduced glutathione (GSH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels. Moreover, hemimandibles were analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for alveolar bone loss and bone quality. Açaí supplementation increased blood total antioxidant capacity and decreased lipid peroxidation. It also reduced alveolar bone loss when compared to the experimental periodontitis group. Moreover, clarified açaí per se modulated the oxidative biochemistry and bone microstructure. Thus, açaí may be considered a viable alternative for managing periodontal oxidative stress and preventing alveolar bone loss.
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16
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Impellizzeri D, D’Amico R, Fusco R, Genovese T, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Interdonato L, Di Paola D, Di Paola R, Cuzzocrea S, Siracusa R, Cordaro M. Açai Berry Mitigates Vascular Dementia-Induced Neuropathological Alterations Modulating Nrf-2/Beclin1 Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162616. [PMID: 36010690 PMCID: PMC9406985 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The second-most common cause of dementia is vascular dementia (VaD). The majority of VaD patients experience cognitive impairment, which is brought on by oxidative stress and changes in autophagic function, which ultimately result in neuronal impairment and death. In this study, we examine a novel method for reversing VaD-induced changes brought on by açai berry supplementation in a VaD mouse model. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of açai berries on the molecular mechanisms underlying VaD in a mouse model of the disease that was created by repeated ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of the whole bilateral carotid artery. Here, we found that açai berry was able to reduce VaD-induced behavioral alteration, as well as hippocampal death, in CA1 and CA3 regions. These effects are probably due to the modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and Beclin-1, suggesting a possible crosstalk between these molecular pathways. In conclusion, the protective effects of açai berry could be a good supplementation in the future for the management of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
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17
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Ţălu Ş, Monteiro MDS, Filho HDF, Ferreira NS, Matos RS. Surface aspects and multifractal features of 3D spatial patterns of low-cost Amazon açaí-loaded kefir microbial films. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2526-2536. [PMID: 35312128 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, açaí-loaded kefir microbial films obtained in solutions containing demerara sugar, a low-cost and relatively organic sugar, were prepared. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), stereometric and multifractal analyses were applied to study the influence of the concentration of açaí over the surface morphology as well as its multifractal nature. The ESEM and AFM images showed that low concentrations of acai berry form surface covered by bacteria, while higher concentrations promote yeast growth. The autocorrelation function suggested that the degree of surface anisotropy changes as the concentration of açaí increases, while the Minkowski Functionals confirmed that the sample with the highest content has a different morphology than the samples containing 10-40 ml. The multifractal analysis revealed that the surfaces have a strong multifractal behavior, where the multifractal singularity strength was higher in the sample containing the highest concentration of açaí. The sample with the highest concentration was then mapped to have a greater vertical growth of its spatial patterns. These results prove that image analysis using mathematical tools can be very useful for the characterization of biological-based systems for application in the biomedicine field. We characterized the micromorphology of the 3D surface of the kefir biofilms associated with Acai extract. The 3D surface analysis of the samples was performed using by environmental scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. We determined the multifractal and Minkowski Functionals of the analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ştefan Ţălu
- The Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj county, Romania
| | - Michael D S Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe-UFS, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Henrique D F Filho
- Laboratório de Síntese de Nanomateriais e Nanoscopia (LSNN), Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Robert S Matos
- Amazonian Materials Group, Physics Department, Federal University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil
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18
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Figueiredo-Junior AT, Valença SS, Finotelli PV, dos Anjos FDF, de Brito-Gitirana L, Takiya CM, Lanzetti M. Treatment with Bixin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Prevents Cigarette Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071293. [PMID: 35883784 PMCID: PMC9311961 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of annatto pigments has been evaluated as a therapeutic strategy in animal models of several health disorders. Beneficial effects were generally attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress. Bixin is the main pigment present in annatto seeds and has emerged as an important scavenger of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). However, this carotenoid is highly hydrophobic, affecting its therapeutic applicability. Therefore, bixin represents an attractive target for nanotechnology to improve its pharmacokinetic parameters. In this study, we prepared bixin nanoparticles (npBX) and evaluated if they could prevent pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke (CS). C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CS and treated daily (by gavage) with different concentrations of npBX (6, 12 and 18%) or blank nanoparticles (npBL, 18%). The negative control group was sham smoked and received 18% npBL. On day 6, the animals were euthanized, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as lungs, were collected for analysis. CS exposure led to an increase in ROS and nitrite production, which was absent in animals treated with npBX. In addition, npBX treatment significantly reduced leukocyte numbers and TNF-α levels in the BALF of CS-exposed mice, and it strongly inhibited CS-induced increases in MDA and PNK in lung homogenates. Interestingly, npBX protective effects against oxidative stress seemed not to act via Nrf2 activation in the CS + npBX 18% group. In conclusion, npBX prevented oxidative stress and acute lung inflammation in a murine model of CS-induced acute lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandro Tavares Figueiredo-Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Priscilla Vanessa Finotelli
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos da Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Francisca de Fátima dos Anjos
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Lycia de Brito-Gitirana
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.T.F.-J.); (S.S.V.); (F.d.F.d.A.); (L.d.B.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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DOS REIS TMP, AGUIAR GG, BARBOSA-FILHO V, LIMA EDS, ROSSATO M. Effect of açai supplementation (Euterpe Oleracea Mart.) associated with exercise in animals and human: a scoping review. REV NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202235e210266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective This scoping review aimed to map evidence on açai supplementation combined with exercise in animal and/or human experimental studies. Methods The search considered six electronic databases and screening of relevant references. The selection process and data extraction were performed by two independent authors. The study characteristics, and AS (e.g., form, intervention time, amount ingested) and exercise (e.g., types, intensity, and duration) strategies were summarized, as well as their reported results. Results From an initial total of 342 studies identified; 11 (5 with animal and 6 with human models) were eligible. In animals, açai supplementation and exercise led to benefits in exercise tolerance and improvements in several hemodynamic parameters, as well as significant improvements in liver markers and glucose metabolism. In humans, açai supplementation indicated positive results in increasing exhaustion time to 90% of VO2max and increasing intensity at the anaerobic threshold. Conclusion We conclude that future research involving animals and humans should examine açai supplementation and exercise with (a) obesity models to test the effect of adiponectin on body composition with analysis of histological and histochemical parameters; (b) eccentric injury protocols with the incorporation of muscle quality variables to assess recovery; (c) chronic açai supplementation and strength training; (d) comparison of different forms of açai supplementation in exercise protocols.
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Açai Berry Mitigates Parkinson's Disease Progression Showing Dopaminergic Neuroprotection via Nrf2-HO1 Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6519-6533. [PMID: 35970975 PMCID: PMC9463222 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02982-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The current pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) is focused on symptom alleviation rather than disease prevention. In this study, we look at a new strategy to neuroprotection that focuses on nutrition, by a supplementation with Açai berry in an experimental models of PD. Daily orally supplementation with Açai berry dissolved in saline at the dose of 500 mg/kg considerably reduced motor and non-motor symptom and neuronal cell death of the dopaminergic tract induced by 4 injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Furthermore, Açai berry administration reduced α-synuclein aggregation in neurons, enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter activities, and avoided dopamine depletion. Moreover, Açai berry administration was able to reduce astrogliosis and microgliosis as well as neuronal death. Its beneficial effects could be due to its bioactive phytochemical components that are able to stimulate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by counteracting the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that are the basis of this neurodegenerative disease.
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21
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Techno-economic evaluation for recovering phenolic compounds from acai (Euterpe oleracea) by-product by pressurized liquid extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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de Almeida Magalhães TSS, de Oliveira Macedo PC, da Costa ÉCP, de Aragão Tavares E, da Silva VC, Guerra GCB, Pereira JR, de Araújo Moura Lemos TM, de Negreiros MMF, de Oliveira Rocha HA, Converti A, de Lima ÁAN. Increase in the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Euterpe oleracea Martius Oil Complexed in β-Cyclodextrin and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111524. [PMID: 34768954 PMCID: PMC8584258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are aerobic products generated during cellular respiration, but in the case of oxidative stress, they become key factors in the development of inflammatory processes and chronic diseases such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. In this work, Euterpe oleracea oil (EOO), as well as the complexes produced by slurry (S) and kneading (K), were analyzed for antioxidant capacity in vitro, while only the β-cyclodextrin complex obtained by kneading (EOO-βCD-K), which showed better complexation, was selected for anti-inflammatory assays in vivo. In the scavenging activity of OH·, the hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex obtained by kneading (EOO-HPβCD-K) exhibited an activity 437% higher than the pure oil. In the paw edema assay, EOO-βCD-K reduced edema by 200% and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity by 112%. In an air pouch model, this treatment showed a reduction in leukocyte, MPO, and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels; meanwhile those of glutathione and IL-10 were increased, demonstrating its ability to potentiate the anti-inflammatory effect of EOO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Sévia Soares de Almeida Magalhães
- Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.); (É.C.P.d.C.)
| | - Pollyana Cristina de Oliveira Macedo
- Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.); (É.C.P.d.C.)
| | - Érika Cibely Pinheiro da Costa
- Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.); (É.C.P.d.C.)
| | - Emanuella de Aragão Tavares
- Centro de Biociências, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-570, Brazil; (E.d.A.T.); (V.C.d.S.); (G.C.B.G.)
| | - Valéria Costa da Silva
- Centro de Biociências, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-570, Brazil; (E.d.A.T.); (V.C.d.S.); (G.C.B.G.)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Centro de Biociências, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-570, Brazil; (E.d.A.T.); (V.C.d.S.); (G.C.B.G.)
| | - Joquebede Rodrigues Pereira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Bioquímica Clínica e Experimental, Department of Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (J.R.P.); (T.M.d.A.M.L.)
| | - Telma Maria de Araújo Moura Lemos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Bioquímica Clínica e Experimental, Department of Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (J.R.P.); (T.M.d.A.M.L.)
| | | | | | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Genoa University, I-16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Ádley Antonini Neves de Lima
- Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.); (É.C.P.d.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(84)-99928-8864
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23
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da Silva MACN, Costa JH, Pacheco-Fill T, Ruiz ALTG, Vidal FCB, Borges KRA, Guimarães SJA, de Azevedo-Santos APS, Buglio KE, Foglio MA, Barbosa MDCL, Nascimento MDDSB, de Carvalho JE. Açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Extract Induces ROS Production and Cell Death in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123546. [PMID: 34200718 PMCID: PMC8230419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açai) is a native palm from the Amazon region. There are various chemical constituents of açai with bioactive properties. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and cytotoxic effects of açai seed extract on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) was applied to identify chemical compounds present in açai seed extract. LC-MS/MS and molecular networking were employed to detect the phenolic compounds of açai. The antioxidant activity of açai seed extract was measured by DPPH assay. MCF-7 breast cancer cell line viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry and time-lapse microscopy. Autophagy was evaluated by orange acridin immunofluorescence assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated by DAF assay. From the molecular networking, fifteen compounds were identified, mainly phenolic compounds. The açai seed extract showed cytotoxic effects against MCF-7, induced morphologic changes in the cell line by autophagy and increased the ROS production pathway. The present study suggests that açai seed extract has a high cytotoxic capacity and may induce autophagy by increasing ROS production in breast cancer. Apart from its antioxidant activity, flavonoids with high radical scavenging activity present in açai also generated NO (nitric oxide), contributing to its cytotoxic effect and autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz. CEP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jonas Henrique Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (J.H.C.); (T.P.-F.)
| | - Taícia Pacheco-Fill
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (J.H.C.); (T.P.-F.)
| | - Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Flávia Castello Branco Vidal
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
| | - Kátia Regina Assunção Borges
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
| | - Sulayne Janaina Araújo Guimarães
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sicencies, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (S.J.A.G.); (A.P.S.d.A.-S.)
| | - Ana Paula Silva de Azevedo-Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sicencies, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (S.J.A.G.); (A.P.S.d.A.-S.)
| | - Kaio Eduardo Buglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Maria do Carmo Lacerda Barbosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Family Health, Department of Medicine I, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil;
| | - Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.d.D.S.B.N.); (J.E.d.C.)
| | - João Ernesto de Carvalho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.d.D.S.B.N.); (J.E.d.C.)
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Xiong J, Matta FV, Grace M, Lila MA, Ward NI, Felipe-Sotelo M, Esposito D. Phenolic content, anti-inflammatory properties, and dermal wound repair properties of industrially processed and non-processed acai from the Brazilian Amazon. Food Funct 2021; 11:4903-4914. [PMID: 32495808 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo03109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acai fruit is recognized for its health promoting properties. However, there is still a need to address the effects of industrial processing on this fruit. In this study, phenolic content, anti-inflammatory properties and dermal wound repair properties of 20 acai samples, before and after industrial processing, from various Amazon regions were investigated. Acai pulp was rich in total phenolics (18.9-58.8 mg g-1) and proanthocyanins (9.8-43.1 mg g-1), but contained trace anthocyanins (up to 0.1 mg g-1). Industrially processed samples lost substantial amounts of proanthocyanidins (up to 83.2%), while the anthocyanins inherently present were greatly enriched after processing (20-fold higher). Non-processed acai pulp extracts protected against early inflammation response which was correlated with proanthocyanidins, by significantly inhibiting nitric oxide production and suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression including interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin-6. The promotion of dermal wound repair of acai seed and pulp extracts was mainly contributed by anthocyanins and other bioactive compounds. The anti-inflammatory effect was diminished but wound healing effect was retained after pulp processing, suggesting the processing technology needs to be improved to maintain biological properties of acai fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiong
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. and Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Fernanda V Matta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU27XH, UK
| | - Mary Grace
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Neil I Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU27XH, UK
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. and Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Inhibitory Effect of Catechin-Rich Açaí Seed Extract on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051014. [PMID: 34066479 PMCID: PMC8148186 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Açaí berry is a fruit from the tree commonly known as açaízeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) originated from the Amazonian region and widely consumed in Brazil. There are several reports of the anti-inflammatory activity of its pulp and few data about the seed's potential in inflammation control. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of catechin-rich açaí extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and carrageenan-induced paw edema. The treatment with E. oleracea ethyl acetate extract (EO-ACET) was used in an in vitro model performed with macrophages stimulated by LPS, in which pro-inflammatory markers were evaluated, and in an in vivo model of acute inflammation, in which edema inhibition was evaluated. EO-ACET showed an absence of endotoxins, and did not display cytotoxic effects in RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-stimulated cells treated with EO-ACET displayed low levels of nitrite and interleukins (IL's), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12, when compared to untreated cells. EO-ACET treatment was able to inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema at 500 and 1000 mg/kg, in which no acute inflammatory reaction or low mast cell counts were observed by histology at the site of inoculation of λ-carrageenan. These findings provide more evidence to support further studies with E. oleracea seeds for the treatment of inflammation.
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Vilhena JC, Lopes de Melo Cunha L, Jorge TM, de Lucena Machado M, de Andrade Soares R, Santos IB, Freitas de Bem G, Fernandes-Santos C, Ognibene DT, Soares de Moura R, de Castro Resende A, Aguiar da Costa C. Açaí Reverses Adverse Cardiovascular Remodeling in Renovascular Hypertension: A Comparative Effect With Enalapril. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:673-684. [PMID: 33661593 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine if açai seed extract (ASE) could reverse pre-existing cardiovascular and renal injury in an experimental model of renovascular hypertension (2 kidney, 1 clip, 2K1C). Young male rats (Wistar) were used to obtain 2K1C and sham groups. Animals received the vehicle, ASE (200 mg/kg/d), or enalapril (30 mg/kg/d) in drinking water from the third to sixth week after surgery. We evaluated systolic blood pressure by tail plethysmography, vascular reactivity in the rat isolated mesenteric arterial bed (MAB), serum and urinary parameters, plasma inflammatory cytokines by ELISA, MAB expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and its active form peNOS by Western blot, plasma and MAB oxidative damage and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometry, and vascular and cardiac structural changes by histological analysis. ASE and enalapril reduced the systolic blood pressure, restored the endothelial and renal functions, and decreased the inflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress in 2K1C rats. Furthermore, both treatments reduced vascular and cardiac remodeling. ASE substantially reduced cardiovascular remodeling and recovered endothelial dysfunction in 2K1C rats probably through its antihypertensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions, supplying a natural resource for the treatment of renovascular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calfa Vilhena
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Letícia Lopes de Melo Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Tayenne Moraes Jorge
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Marcella de Lucena Machado
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Ricardo de Andrade Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Caroline Fernandes-Santos
- Department of Basic Sciences, Institute of Health, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Angela de Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; and
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Muto NA, Hamoy M, Rodrigues Lucas DC, Teixeira BB, Santos Almeida AF, de Castro Navegantes T, de Sousa Ferreira de Sá VS, de Moraes BP, do Vale Medeiros JP, Dos Santos YA, da Rocha CQ, de Mello VJ, Rogez H. Myorelaxation, respiratory depression and electrocardiographic changes caused by the administration of extract of açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) stone in rats. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:829-838. [PMID: 33868963 PMCID: PMC8044785 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological and pharmacological properties of natural polyphenols of the extract of Euterpe oleracea stone (EEOS) are associated with the central nervous system (CNS). To investigate the sedative and myorelaxant activity of EEOS in vivo, this study aimed to present the myorelaxant and sedative effects of EEOS in Wistar rats using spontaneous locomotor activity and motor electrophysiology. A total of 108 animals were used in the following experiments: a) behavioral tests (n = 27); b) electromyographic recordings of skeletal muscle (n = 27); c) respiratory muscle activity recordings (n = 27); d) cardiac muscle activity recordings (n = 27). The behavioral characteristics were measured according to the latency time of onset, the transient loss of posture reflex and maximum muscle relaxation. Electrodes were implanted in the gastrocnemius muscle and in the tenth intercostal space for electromyographic (EMG) signal capture to record muscle contraction, and in the D2 lead for electrocardiogram acquisition. After using the 300 mg/kg dose of EEOS intraperitoneally, a myorelaxant activity exhibited a lower frequency of contractility with an amplitude pattern of low and short duration at gastrocnemius muscle and intercostal muscle, which clearly describes a myorelaxant activity and changes in cardiac activity. The present report is so far the first study to demonstrate the myorelaxant activity of this extract, indicating an alternative route for açai stone valorization and its application in pharmaceutical fields.
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Key Words
- ACB, abdominal-costal breathing
- CNS, Central Nervous System
- DMACA, p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
- DZP, diazepam
- ECG
- EEOS, extract of E. oleracea stone
- EMG
- EMG, electromyographic
- EMGs, electromyographs
- ESI-IT-MS, Electrospray ionization Ion-Trap Mass spectrometry
- Euterpe oleracea
- GABAA, γ-aminobutyric acid type A
- HPLC, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- Myorelaxant
- RC, Respiratory Control
- RD, respiratory depression
- RPR, Rhythmic and Profound Respiration
- Sedative
- mg CAE/g DE, milligrams of catechin equivalents per gram of dried extract
- mg CE/g DE, milligrams of cyanidin equivalents per gram of dried extract
- mg GAE/g DE, milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried extract
- mg MRE/g DE, miligrams of myricetin-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside equivalents per gram of dried extract
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Akio Muto
- UFPA & Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, ICB-UFPA, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Brito Teixeira
- UFPA & Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hervé Rogez
- UFPA & Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Açaí) attenuates experimental colitis in rats: involvement of TLR4/COX-2/NF-ĸB. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:193-204. [PMID: 32996043 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea Mart., commonly known as açaí, has been demonstrated to exhibit significantly antioxidant and inflammatory activities in experimental models. These effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from the açaí seed (ASE) were investigated in TNBS-induced (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid) acute colitis model in rats. Wistar rats (180-220 g) were orally pretreated with saline (0.3 mL), ASE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (control group, 1 mg/kg) once daily for 3 days starting before TNBS instillation. On day 3 after TNBS, the animals were euthanized, the portion of distal colon was collected and washed with 0.9% saline for macroscopy and histological evaluation, glutathione (GSH) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and catalase (CAT) activity, nitrate and nitrite (NO3/NO2) concentration, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and intestinal barrier integrity. We also evaluated Toll-like Receptor 4/cyclooxygenase-2/nuclear factor kappa B expression as a possible mechanism related to the ASE effects. Treatment with ASE 100 mg/kg decreased significantly macroscopic and microscopic damage induced by TNBS. In addition, MPO activity, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and IL-1β (interleukin 1) levels were reduced in rats with colitis. ASE 100 mg/kg restored GSH and MDA levels, CAT activity, NO3/NO2 concentration and improved the intestinal barrier integrity in the TNBS group. ASE 100 mg/kg significantly reduced TNBS-induced expression of the TLR4, COX-2 and NF-κB p65. ASE 100 mg/kg improved macroscopy and histological parameters, inflammation, intestinal barrier integrity and nitric and oxidative stress through the TLR-4/COX-2/NF-κB pathway.
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Bixin loaded on polymeric nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant applications in a biological system. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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de Andrade Soares R, de Oliveira BC, de Bem GF, de Menezes MP, Romão MH, Santos IB, da Costa CA, de Carvalho LCDRM, Nascimento ALR, de Carvalho JJ, Ognibene DT, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed extract improves aerobic exercise performance in rats. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109549. [PMID: 32846601 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the supplementation with an açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed extract (ASE) would affect the aerobic exercise performance in rats and correlate with the vascular function, muscle oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Sedentary, Sedentary with chronic supplementation of ASE, Training, Training with chronic (200 mg/Kg/day intragastric gavage for 5 weeks) or acute (30 min before the maximal treadmill stress test (MST) supplementation with ASE. The exercise training was performed on a treadmill (30 min/day; 5 days/week) for 4 weeks. The chronic supplementation with ASE increased the exercise time (58%) and the running distance (129%) in relation to the MST, while the Training group increased 40% and 78% and the Training with acute ASE group increased 30% and 63%, respectively. The training-induced increase of ACh vasodilation was not changed by ASE, but the norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction was reduced by chronic and acute supplementation with ASE. The increased levels of malondialdehyde in soleus muscle homogenates from the Training group was reduced only by chronic supplementation with ASE. The muscle antioxidant defense, NO2 levels, and expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (PGC1α, SIRT-1, p-AMPK/AMPK, Nrf-2) were not different between Training and Sedentary groups, but all these parameters were increased in the Training with Chronic ASE compared with the Sedentary groups. In conclusion, chronic supplementation with ASE improves aerobic physical performance by increasing the vascular function, reducing the oxidative stress, and up-regulating the mitochondrial biogenesis key proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo de Andrade Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Cardoso de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pontes de Menezes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Matheus Henrique Romão
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Rosa Nascimento
- Department of Histology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Department of Histology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Tavares TB, Santos IB, de Bem GF, Ognibene DT, da Rocha APM, de Moura RS, Resende ADC, Daleprane JB, da Costa CA. Therapeutic effects of açaí seed extract on hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obesity in male mice: a comparative effect with rosuvastatin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1921-1932. [PMID: 32856322 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is considered a risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the açai seed (ASE), rich in proanthocyanidins, has been shown a potential body weight regulator with antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of ASE in obesity-associated NAFLD and compare it with Rosuvastatin. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice received a high-fat diet or standard diet for 12 weeks. The treatments with ASE (300 mg/kg per day) or rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg per day) began in the eighth week until the 12th week. KEY FINDINGS Our data show that the treatments with ASE and rosuvastatin reduced body weight and hyperglycaemia, improved lipid profile and attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD mice. ASE and Rosuvastatin reduced HMGCoA-Reductase and SREBP-1C and increased ABGC8 and pAMPK expressions in the liver. Additionally, ASE, but not Rosuvastatin, reduced NPC1L1 and increased ABCG5 and PPAR-α expressions. ASE and rosuvastatin increased SIRT-1 expression and antioxidant defence, although only ASE was able to decrease the oxidative damage in hepatic tissue. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effect of ASE was similar to that of rosuvastatin in reducing dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis but was better in reducing oxidative damage and hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Barros Tavares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angela de Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Alegre P, Mathias L, Lourenço MA, Santos PPD, Gonçalves A, Fernandes AA, Gaiolla PSA, Minicucci MF, Zornoff L, Paiva SAR, Polegato BF. Euterpe Oleracea Mart. (Açaí) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Energetic Metabolism in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:78-86. [PMID: 31751439 PMCID: PMC7025309 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) is a fruit with high antioxidant capacity and could be an adjuvant strategy to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Objective To evaluate the influence of açaí in global ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. Methods Wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups: Control (C: receiving standard chow; n = 9) and Açaí (A: receiving standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí; n = 10). After six weeks, the animals were subjected to the global ischemia-reperfusion protocol and an isolated heart study to evaluate left ventricular function. Level of significance adopted: 5%. Results There was no difference between the groups in initial body weight, final body weight and daily feed intake. Group A presented lower lipid hydroperoxide myocardial concentration and higher catalase activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase than group C. We also observed increased myocardial activity of b-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, complex I, complex II and ATP synthase in the A group as well as lower activity of the lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase enzymes. The systolic function was similar between the groups, and the A group presented poorer diastolic function than the C group. We did not observe any difference between the groups in relation to myocardial infarction area, total and phosphorylated NF-kB, total and acetylated FOXO1, SIRT1 and Nrf-2 protein expression. Conclusion despite improving energy metabolism and attenuating oxidative stress, açai supplementation did not decrease the infarcted area or improve left ventricular function in the global ischemia-reperfusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alegre
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Livia Mathias
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrea Gonçalves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leonardo Zornoff
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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de Almeida Magalhães TSS, de Oliveira Macedo PC, Converti A, Neves de Lima ÁA. The Use of Euterpe oleracea Mart. As a New Perspective for Disease Treatment and Prevention. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060813. [PMID: 32466439 PMCID: PMC7356995 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (EO), popularly known as açaí, belongs to the Arecaceae family and grows abundantly in Brazil. The fruit of this palm tree is widely used because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this review, a search for literature and patent technological prospecting has been performed on the use of EO to treat and prevent diseases as well as to prepare pharmaceutical formulations. EO leaves, fruits, and oil stand out for their large number of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, anticancer, anti-atherogenic, and healing activities, protection against metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, and protection of organs such as lung, kidney, liver, heart, and nervous system. While the phytochemical composition is intrinsically linked to identified biological activities, discoveries of the past decade concerning the use of this species have shown pharmacological alternatives mainly in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer and metabolic syndromes. Although studies and inventions on the use of EO though are believed to have been important in light of the pharmacological activities found, few clinical and toxicity tests have been performed. Nevertheless, with the increase of interest in EO, this species is believed to be only at the beginning of the breakthroughs in the development of promising products for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Sévia Soares de Almeida Magalhães
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
| | - Pollyana Cristina de Oliveira Macedo
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Genoa University, I-16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Ádley Antonini Neves de Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratório Escola de Farmácia Industrial, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (T.S.S.d.A.M.); (P.C.d.O.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(84)-99928-8864
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Santos IB, de Bem GF, da Costa CA, de Carvalho LCRM, de Medeiros AF, Silva DLB, Romão MH, de Andrade Soares R, Ognibene DT, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Açaí seed extract prevents the renin-angiotensin system activation, oxidative stress and inflammation in white adipose tissue of high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutr Res 2020; 79:35-49. [PMID: 32610256 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, and inflammation on the development of obesity and its comorbidities has been extensively addressed. Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and capable to modulate plasma renin levels, has been evidenced as a potential regulator of body mass. We hypothesized that the supplementation with ASE might exert beneficial effects on obesity-related white adipose tissue changes and metabolic disorders by interfering with the local adipose tissue overexpression of RAS, inflammation, and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The animals were fed a standard diet (10% fat, control), 60% fat (HF), HF + ASE (300 mg/kg per day) and HF + ENA (enalapril, 30 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. ASE and ENA prevented weight gain and adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophy, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. In adipose tissue, ASE increased the insulin receptor expression and reduced renin and AT1 receptor expression, which was associated with decreased plasma levels of renin and angiotensin II. Differently, ENA increased the expression of angiotensin-conversing enzyme 2, AT2, B2, and Mas receptors in adipose tissue. Also, ASE but not ENA decreased malondialdehyde and 8-isoprostane levels in adipose tissue. Finally, ASE and ENA reduced the adipose tissue inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6. These results demonstrate that ASE prevented the adipocyte hypertrophy, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance in HF diet-fed mice. The downregulation of RAS in adipose tissue, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, may contribute to the prevention of obesity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Amanda Faria de Medeiros
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Dafne Lopes Beserra Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Henrique Romão
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo de Andrade Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Magalhães TAFM, Souza MOD, Gomes SV, Mendes E Silva R, Martins FDS, Freitas RND, Amaral JFD. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Martius) Promotes Jejunal Tissue Regeneration by Enhancing Antioxidant Response in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:523-533. [PMID: 32367766 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1759659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis (IM) caused by antineoplastic chemotherapy is characterized by an important inflammatory process, which may compromise ongoing treatment. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Martius) on the antioxidant response in BALB/c mice pretreated with Açaí pulp (200 g/kg) for 14 day. A group of animals receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU (200 mg/kg) were euthanized on day three (D3) or seven (D7) after administration, the distal jejunum was isolated for the analyses of histology, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities, and concentration of total sulfhydryl groups (GSH). Seven days after induction, the intake of Açaí by the IM group almost completely regenerated tissue histology. Notably, SOD activity decreased in the MUC + Açaí group (D3). CAT activity reduced on D3 and D7 in the IM groups and Açaí treatment groups, respectively. No change was observed in the total GSH concentration at the tissue level. Our results demonstrated the protective effect of Açaí pulp components on intestinal damage induced by 5-FU, as well as the ability to control the response to oxidative stress, in order to mobilize defense pathways and promote tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sttefany Viana Gomes
- Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raiana Mendes E Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Dos Santos Martins
- Departament of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Nascimento de Freitas
- School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Nucleus of Research in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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da Silva ADS, Nunes DVQ, Carvalho LCDRMD, Santos IB, de Menezes MP, de Bem GF, Costa CAD, Moura RSD, Resende AC, Ognibene DT. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart) seed extract protects against maternal vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and fetal growth restriction in experimental preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2020; 39:211-219. [PMID: 32306786 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2020.1754850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE) prevents maternal cardiovascular changes and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in experimental preeclampsia (PE).Methods: ASE administration (200 mg/kg/day) during mid to late pregnancy in a rat model of L-NAME-induced PE.Results: ASE impaired the maternal hypertension and microalbuminuria as well as the lower fetal and placental weight in experimental PE. ASE also prevented the maternal vascular dysfunction and lipoperoxidation in this model.Conclusion: ASE protected against maternal cardiovascular changes and IUGR in the L-NAME-induced PE. The protective effect of ASE may be partly explained by its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas Val Quintans Nunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pontes de Menezes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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37
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Romão MH, de Bem GF, Santos IB, de Andrade Soares R, Ognibene DT, de Moura RS, da Costa CA, Resende ÂC. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed extract protects against hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in high-fat diet-fed mice: Role of local renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress and inflammation. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Monteiro EB, Soares EDR, Trindade PL, de Bem GF, Resende ADC, Passos MMCDF, Soulage CO, Daleprane JB. Uraemic toxin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells: protective effect of polyphenol-rich extract from açaí. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:542-551. [PMID: 31876965 DOI: 10.1113/ep088080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does a polyphenol-rich extract from açaí have a potential role in preventing uraemic toxin-induced endothelial cell dysfunction? What is the main finding and its importance? Polyphenols from açaí prevented cell death, restored migratory capacity, protected from inflammation and contributed to the restoration of the antioxidant response in endothelial cells exposed to uraemic toxins. The protective role of açaí against toxic effects exerted by uraemic toxins presents a potential new therapeutic target in endothelial cells. ABSTRACT In chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressive loss of kidney function results in the accumulation of protein-bound uraemic toxins such as p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS). Among strategies to ameliorate the harmful actions of uraemic toxins, phenolic compounds have been extensively studied. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of phenolic-rich açaí seed extract (ASE) in response to endothelial dysfunction induced by IS and pCS, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cells were treated with ASE (10 µg ml-1 ) in the presence or absence of IS (61 µg ml-1 ) and pCS (40 µg ml-1 ). Cell viability, cell death, cell migratory capacity and inflammatory biomarker expression were evaluated. Cellular antioxidant response was measured through the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative damage was evaluated. IS and pCS lowered cell viability, triggered cell death and lowered the migratory capacity in endothelial cells (P < 0.05). ASE prevented cell death and restored the migratory capacity in cells exposed to IS. Both toxins up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and ASE was able to beneficially counteract this effect. Tumour necrosis factor-α secretion was greater in uraemic toxin-treated cells and ASE reversed this phenomenon in cells treated with both toxins concomitantly (P < 0.05). With regard to the antioxidant response, superoxide dismutase expression was strikingly lower in cells treated with both toxins, and ASE inhibited this harmful effect (P < 0.05). From the results, we conclude that ASE exerted protective effects on inflammation and oxidative stress caused by uraemic toxins (particularly by IS) in human endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bernardes Monteiro
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Université de Lyon, INSERM U1060, CarMeN, INSA de Lyon, Univ Lyon-1, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elaine Dos Ramos Soares
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Letícia Trindade
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angela de Castro Resende
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Magna Maria Cottini da Fonseca Passos
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Extraction of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds from Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Using an Experimental Design Methodology. Part 1: Pressurized Liquid Extraction. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, açai is one of the most important fruits present in the world. Several studies have demonstrated its high content in phenolic compounds and anthocyanins. Both of them are responsible of interesting properties of the fruit such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant or anticancer. In the present study, two optimized pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) methods have been developed for the extraction of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds from açai. A full factorial design (Box–Behnken design) with six variables (solvent composition (25–75% methanol-in-water), temperature (50–100 °C), pressure (100–200 atm), purge time (30–90 s), pH (2–7) and flushing (50–150%)) were employed. The percentage of methanol in the extraction solvent was proven to be the most significant variable for the extraction of anthocyanins. In the case of total phenolic compounds, the extraction temperature was the most influential variable. The developed methods showed high precision, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of less than 5%. The applicability of the methods was successfully evaluated in real samples. In conclusion, two rapid and reliable PLE extraction methods to be used for laboratories and industries to determine anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds in açai and its derived products were developed in this work.
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Vasconcelos FM, Silva HLA, Poso SMV, Barroso MV, Lanzetti M, Rocha RS, Graça JS, Esmerino EA, Freitas MQ, Silva MC, Raices RSL, Granato D, Pimentel TC, Sant'Ana AS, Cruz AG, Valença SS. Probiotic Prato cheese attenuates cigarette smoke-induced injuries in mice. Food Res Int 2019; 123:697-703. [PMID: 31285019 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of probiotic Prato cheese against the inflammatory and oxidative damage in mice organs induced by cigarette smoke exposure was investigated. Forty C57BL/6 male mice were assigned to four groups: (CS) exposed to cigarette smoke and fed regular chow; (CS + C) exposed to cigarette smoke and fed daily conventional cheese ad libitum; (CS + PC) exposed to cigarette smoke and fed daily probiotic (Lactobacillus casei-01) cheese ad libitum; and a control group (C) exposed to ambient smoke-free air and fed regular chow. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), blood, gut and liver homogenates were used for biochemical assays. The (CS + PC) group exhibited fewer BAL leukocytes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and BAL and gut lipid peroxidation than the (CS) and (CS + C) groups, which had findings similar to the (C) group. Probiotic cheese consumption did not change the red blood cell count, but lower lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in plasma, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and peroxynitrite expression were observed compared to the (CS) and (CS + C) groups, with findings similar to the (C) group. These results suggest that probiotic Prato cheese consumption reduced oxidative stress in the lungs, gut, and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hugo L A Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Veterinária, 24230-340 Niterói, Brazil
| | - Sara M V Poso
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina V Barroso
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ramon S Rocha
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Veterinária, 24230-340 Niterói, Brazil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Departamento de Alimentos, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Graça
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick A Esmerino
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Veterinária, 24230-340 Niterói, Brazil
| | - Monica Q Freitas
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Veterinária, 24230-340 Niterói, Brazil
| | - Marcia C Silva
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Departamento de Alimentos, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata S L Raices
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Departamento de Alimentos, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Departamento de Alimentos, 20270-021 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Samuel S Valença
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Gondim FDL, Serra DS, Cavalcante FSÁ. Effects of Eucalyptol in respiratory system mechanics on acute lung injury after exposure to short-term cigarette smoke. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 266:33-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Trindade PL, Soares EDR, Monteiro EB, Resende ÂC, Moura-Nunes N, Souza-Mello V, Ferraz DC, Daleprane JB. Antiadipogenic effects of açai seed extract on high fat diet-fed mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes: A potential mechanism of action. Life Sci 2019; 228:316-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kandagatla SK, Uhl RT, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Raner GM. Pheophorbide Derivatives Isolated from Açaí Berries ( Euterpea oleracea) Activate an Antioxidant Response Element In Vitro. Nat Prod Commun 2019; 14. [PMID: 33214801 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19852443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-guided fractionation was used to isolate and identify two components of the Brazilian açaí berry (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) with the ability to induce antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent gene transcription in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Using an ARE-Luciferase reporter construct in cultured HepG2 cells, a suite of fractions from dried and powdered açaí berries were evaluated for transcriptional up-regulation of the luciferase gene. Active fractions were further refined until several pure compounds were isolated and identified. These compounds belong to the pheophorbide class of molecules, and are composed of the methyl and ethyl esters of the parent pheophorbide A, all of which are classified as photosensitizers. Using standard pheophorbides, dose response studies were carried out, and ARE-activation could be observed at concentrations as low as 8.2 μM and 16.9 μM for pheophorbide A methyl ester and pheophorbide A, respectively. These studies not only suggest a possible source of antioxidant properties for the açaí berry, but may also explain the recently identified photosensitizing abilities of açaí products as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneel K Kandagatla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402
| | - Robin Tate Uhl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402
| | - Tyler N Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402
| | - Gregory M Raner
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515
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Açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Lung Carcinoma Cells. Foods 2018; 7:foods7110178. [PMID: 30373103 PMCID: PMC6262440 DOI: 10.3390/foods7110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Açai fruit has been studied for its antioxidant properties, with positive feedback against many diseases, including cancer. Although açai seeds are not edible, their composition has been studied in order to find new applications and reduce garbage generation. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and impacts on the cell cycle and apoptosis of açai seed extract (ASE) on human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). Antioxidant activity of açai seed extract (ASE) was measured by DPPH assay, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (ABTS/TEAC), Ferric Reducing Ability (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Human lung carcinoma cell viability (A549) was monitored by MTT assay method and the effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The results indicate high antioxidant activity in ASE and high values of total phenolic compounds (37.08 ± 8.56 g gallic acid/100 g). The MTT assay showed a maximum decrease (72.07%) in the viability of A549 cells after 48 h treatment with ASE (200 µg/mL). Flow cytometer analysis revealed that ASE increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and promoted a high increase of apoptotic cells when compared to the untreated cells. The present study suggests that ASE has a high antioxidant capacity and may have a protective effect against lung cancer.
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Alessandra-Perini J, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, Machado DE, Nasciutti LE, Perini JA. Anticancer potential, molecular mechanisms and toxicity of Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí): A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200101. [PMID: 29966007 PMCID: PMC6028114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an increasingly frequent malignancy worldwide, and despite the advances in drug development, it is still necessary to develop new plant-derived medicines. Euterpe oleracea (açaí) is abundant in South and Central America and has health benefits due to its high levels of phytochemicals, including lignans and polyphenols. The aim of this review was to systematically describe the safety and antitumor effects of açaí in preclinical models using rodents to provide a more comprehensive assessment of açaí for both therapeutic uses and the development of future clinical studies in cancer. Eligible studies were identified using four international databases (PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and SciELO) from their inception date through December 2017. The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (QATRS) to enable better quality control for these experimental studies. Sixty publications were identified in the databases, but only 9 articles were eligible: 6 evaluated the pharmacological effects of açaí in animal models of cancer (1 model each of esophageal cancer, urothelial cancer, melanoma and Walker-256 tumor and 2 models of colon cancer), and 3 were toxicological assays using preclinical models with rodents. Overall, 747 animals were analyzed. On a QATRS score scale of 0-20, the quality of the studies ranged from 16 to 20 points. Pulp was the main fraction of açaí administered, and an oral administration route was most common. The açaí dosage administered by gavage ranged from 30 mg/kg to 40,000 mg/kg, and açaí fed in the diet accounted for 2.5% to 5% of the diet. The anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive activities of açaí were observed in all experimental models of cancer and reduced the incidence, tumor cell proliferation, multiplicity and size of the tumors due to the antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of açaí. No genotoxic effects were observed after açaí administration. The results of this review suggest that açaí is safe and can be used as a chemoprotective agent against cancer development. Açaí therapy may be a novel strategy for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Karina Cristina Rodrigues-Baptista
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University Center IBMR, Laureate Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics—INTO, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Bem GF, Costa CA, Santos IB, Cristino Cordeiro VDS, de Carvalho LCRM, de Souza MAV, Soares RDA, Sousa PJDC, Ognibene DT, Resende AC, de Moura RS. Antidiabetic effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) extract and exercise training on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: A positive interaction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199207. [PMID: 29920546 PMCID: PMC6007924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests a protective role of polyphenols and exercise training on the disorders of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to assess the effect of the açaí seed extract (ASE) associated with exercise training on diabetic complications induced by high-fat (HF) diet plus streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by feeding rats with HF diet (55% fat) for 5 weeks and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg i.p.). Control (C) and Diabetic (D) animals were subdivided into four groups each: Sedentary, Training, ASE Sedentary, and ASE Training. ASE (200 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage and the exercise training was performed on a treadmill (30min/day; 5 days/week) for 4 weeks after the diabetes induction. In type 2 diabetic rats, the treatment with ASE reduced blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin and IL-6 levels, lipid profile, and vascular dysfunction. ASE increased the expression of insulin signaling proteins in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and plasma GLP-1 levels. ASE associated with exercise training potentiated the reduction of glycemia by decreasing TNF-α levels, increasing pAKT and adiponectin expressions in adipose tissue, and IR and pAMPK expressions in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. In conclusion, ASE treatment has an antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats by activating the insulin-signaling pathway in muscle and adipose tissue, increasing GLP-1 levels, and an anti-inflammatory action. Exercise training potentiates the glucose-lowering effect of ASE by activating adiponectin-AMPK pathway and increasing IR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo de Andrade Soares
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Martins ICVS, Borges NA, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Rogez H, Pinheiro MCN, Nascimento JLM, Mafra D. The value of the Brazilian açai fruit as a therapeutic nutritional strategy for chronic kidney disease patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:2207-2220. [PMID: 29915880 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit from the Amazon region in Brazil contains bioactive compounds such as α-tocopherol, anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-glycoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the prebiotic activity of anthocyanins in modulating the composition of gut microbiota has emerged as an additional mechanism by which anthocyanins exert health-promoting effects. Açai consumption may be a nutritional therapeutic strategy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients since these patients present with oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysbiosis. However, the ability of açai to modulate these conditions has not been studied in CKD, and this review presents recent information about açai and its possible therapeutic effects in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C V S Martins
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil.
| | - Natália A Borges
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centre for Agro-food Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compound, UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - José L M Nascimento
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil
- Neuroscience Research, Ceuma University, São Luis, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
- Medical Science Graduate Program, UFF, Niterói, Brazil
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Effects of açaí and cilostazol on skin microcirculation and viability of TRAM flaps in hamsters. J Surg Res 2018; 228:253-262. [PMID: 29907219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue necrosis caused by insufficient perfusion is a major complication in flap transfer. This study evaluated whether treatment with cilostazol or hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) protects the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap against ischemic damage in hamsters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four hamsters were divided into three oral treatment groups: placebo, açaí, or cilostazol. Caudally based, unipedicled TRAM flaps were raised, sutured back, classified into four vascular zones (I-IV), and evaluated for tissue viability, capillary blood flow (CBF), perfused vessel density (PVD), and microvascular flow index (MFI) by orthogonal polarization spectral imaging at three time points: immediately postoperatively (IPO), 24 h postoperatively (24hPO), and 7 d postoperatively (7POD). RESULTS Comparing to placebo, açaí increased PVD at IPO and açaí and cilostazol increased CBF and PVD at 24hPO in zone I; cilostazol increased CBF, PVD, and MFI at IPO, and CBF at 24hPO in zone II; açaí and cilostazol increased CBF at all time points and PVD and MFI at IPO and 24hPO in zone III; cilostazol increased CBF at IPO and 7POD, açaí increased CBF at 7POD, and both increased PVD and MFI at all time points in zone IV; and açaí and cilostazol increased the percentage of viable area in zones III and IV. CONCLUSIONS Açaí and cilostazol treatments had a protective effect against ischemic damage to TRAM flaps in hamsters, improving microvascular blood flow and increasing the survival of flap zones contralateral to the vascular pedicle (zones III and IV).
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Alessandra-Perini J, Perini JA, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, de Moura RS, Junior AP, dos Santos TA, Souza PJC, Nasciutti LE, Machado DE. Euterpe oleracea extract inhibits tumorigenesis effect of the chemical carcinogen DMBA in breast experimental cancer. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:116. [PMID: 29609579 PMCID: PMC5879811 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Among the processes involved in the breast tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis and inflammation play a central role, and the main factors of these processes are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophages. Recently, the extract of Euterpe oleracea (açaí), a fruit that is widely found in the Amazon region, already showed antitumorigenic effects in vitro in human breast cancer cell lines. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of açaí on breast cancer using a chemically DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene) experimental model. Methods One day after initiation of treatment with açaí, mammary carcinogenesis was induced in female Wistar rats using a subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg of DMBA in the mammary gland. Forty rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 16 consecutive weeks. After treatment, the tumor was collected for macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 -VEGFR-2, COX-2 and matrix metalloproteinase -MMP-9) analyses; peritoneal fluid was subjected to flow cytometry (F4–80/MAC-2+) and ELISA immunoassay (VEGF, prostaglandin E2 -PGE2 and interleukin-10 -IL-10). Heart, liver and kidney samples were collected for histological analysis. Results After 16 weeks of induction, the mammary carcinoma was confirmed by macroscopic and histological evaluation. Survival analysis indicates that açaí increased the survival (P = .0002, long-rank test) and reduced the deaths number (P = .0036, Chi-square test). Açaí treatment decreased the number of inflammatory cells and macrophage positive cells (Mac-2 + F4–80+), as well as promoting a reduction in immunostaining of VEGF, VEGFR-2 and COX-2. The açaí group also exhibited lower concentrations of PGE2, VEGF and IL-10 compared to the control. The histopathological results of the liver and kidneys showed protective effect of açaí, since in the control group, there was an increase in fibrosis, atypical cells and hemorrhagic microenvironment. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated the antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of açaí, like due to the decreases of the number of activated macrophages, resulting in the inhibition of DMBA carcinogenicity in breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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de Bem GF, da Costa CA, da Silva Cristino Cordeiro V, Santos IB, de Carvalho LCRM, de Andrade Soares R, Ribeiro JH, de Souza MAV, da Cunha Sousa PJ, Ognibene DT, Resende AC, de Moura RS. Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract associated with exercise training reduces hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic male rats. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 52:70-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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