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Peron G, Prasad Phuyal G, Hošek J, Adhikari R, Dall'Acqua S. Identification of hydroxyquinazoline alkaloids from Justicia adhatoda L. leaves, a traditional natural remedy with NF-κB and AP-1-mediated anti-inflammatory properties and antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118345. [PMID: 38754645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Justicia adhatoda L. is used as traditional medicine in Nepal to treat cough, asthma, and inflammatory disorders, and is indicated as "Asuro". Leaves are used worldwide as herbal medicine due to cardiotonic, expectorant, anti-asthmatic, and bronchodilatory properties. The aim of this work was to study the phytochemical composition of leaves of Nepalese J. adhatoda and assess their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Secondary metabolites were extracted from dried leaves using methanol (JAME: J. adhatoda methanol extract). They were analysed by means of liquid chromatography coupled with multiple-stage mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). Anti-inflammatory potential was determined by the NF-κB and AP-1 inhibition assay, and DPPH, ABTS, and β-carotene bleaching assays were performed to assess its antioxidant properties. RESULTS JAME is a rich source of secondary metabolites, especially quinazoline alkaloids such as vasicine, vasicinone, vasicoline, and adhatodine. 7-Hydroxy derivatives of peganidine, vasicolinone, and adhatodine were also identified by means of MSn data and are here reported in J. adhatoda for the first time. JAME inhibited NF-κB and AP-1 expression in THP-1 cells to a greater extent than the positive control prednisolone. A moderate radical-quenching property was observed in DPPH and ABTS assays, but the anti-carotene bleaching activity was significantly higher than the reference BHT. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first insight into the phytochemical composition of Asuro leaves from Nepal and their bioactivity. Our results will contribute to the valorisation of this medicinal species still widely used in the traditional and complementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Peron
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMMT), University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy; Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Ganga Prasad Phuyal
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Jan Hošek
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946/1, CZ-612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Rameshwar Adhikari
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613, Kathmandu, Nepal; Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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Seetsi A, N'da DD, Molefe-Nyembe N, Suganuma K, Ramatla T, Thekisoe O. In vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of synthetic nitrofurantoin-triazole hybrids against Trypanosoma species causing human African trypanosomosis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:72-83. [PMID: 37479675 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomosis (HAT) which is also known as sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense that is endemic in western and central Africa and T. b. rhodesiense that is endemic in eastern and southern Africa. Drugs used for treatment against HAT first stage have limited effectiveness, and the second stage drugs have been reported to be toxic, expensive, and have time-consuming administration, and parasitic resistance has developed against these drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-trypanosomal activity of nitrofurantoin-triazole hybrids against T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense parasites in vitro. This study screened 19 synthesized nitrofurantoin-triazole (NFT) hybrids on two strains of human trypanosomes, and cytotoxicity was evaluated on Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. The findings in this study showed that an increase in the chain length and the number of carbon atoms in some n-alkyl hybrids influenced the increase in anti-trypanosomal activity against T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. The short-chain n-alkyl hybrids showed decreased activity compared to the long-chain n-alkyl hybrids, with increased activity against both T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. Incorporation of additional electron-donating substituents in some NFT hybrids showed increased anti-trypanosomal activity than to electron-withdrawing substituents in NFT hybrids. All 19 NFT hybrids tested displayed better anti-trypanosomal activity against T. b. gambiense than T. b. rhodesiense. The NFT hybrid no. 16 was among the best performing hybrids against both T. b. gambiense (0.08 ± 0.04 μM) and T. b.rhodesiense (0.11 ± 0.06 μM), and its activity might be influenced by the introduction of fluorine in the para-position on the benzyl ring. Remarkably, the NFT hybrids in this study displayed weak to moderate cytotoxicity on MDBK cells. All of the NFT hybrids in this study had selectivity index values ranging from 18 to greater than 915, meaning that they were up to 10-100 times fold selective in their anti-trypanosomal activity. The synthesized NFT hybrids showed strong selectivity >10 to T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense, which indicates that they qualify from the initial selection criteria for potential hit drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Seetsi
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - David D N'da
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (PHARMACEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Nthatisi Molefe-Nyembe
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa
| | - Keisuke Suganuma
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Surra, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsepo Ramatla
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Oriel Thekisoe
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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3
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Carlson HM, Smith SR, Mosey RA. Direct Formation of C-C, C-N, and C-O Bonds in Dihydroquinazolines via Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Mediated sp 3 C-H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38165125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A hypervalent iodine(III)-mediated cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction for the direct formation of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds in dihydroquinazolines has been developed. This one-pot method allows for the synthesis of C4-disubstituted dihydroquinazolines as well as C4-spirolactam, spirolactone, and spiroindene dihydroquinazolines in moderate to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley M Carlson
- Lake Superior State University, 650 W. Easterday Ave., Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - Sydney R Smith
- Lake Superior State University, 650 W. Easterday Ave., Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - R Adam Mosey
- Lake Superior State University, 650 W. Easterday Ave., Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
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4
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Li LN. Peganum harmala L.: A Review of Botany, Traditional Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Quality Marker, and Toxicity. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:797-822. [PMID: 37350001 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230622164243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peganum harmala L. is a perennial herb of Peganum in Zygophyllaceae family. It has been used as a national medicinal herb with the efficacy of strengthening muscle, warming stomach, dispelling cold, and removing dampness in Chinese folk. Clinically, it is mainly used to treat diseases such as weak muscles and veins, joint pain, cough and phlegm, dizziness, headache, and irregular menstruation. METHODS The relevant information about P. harmala L. in this review is based on online databases, including Elsevier, Willy, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, SpringLink, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, ACS publications, SciHub, Scopus, and CNKI. The other information was acquired from ancient books and classical works about P. harmala L. RESULTS P. harmala L. is an important medicinal plant with a variety of traditional uses according to the theory of Chinese medicine. Phytochemical research revealed that P. harmala L. contained alkaloids, volatile oils, flavonoids, triterpenoids, coumarins, lignins, anthraquinones. Modern studies showed P. harmala L. possessed multiple bioactivities, including anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-asthmatic, and insecticidal activities. Furthermore, the contents of the quality marker and toxicity of P. harmala L. were summarized and analyzed in this review. CONCLUSION The botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality marker, and toxicity of P. harmala L. were reviewed in this paper. It will not only provide an important clue for further studying P. harmala L., but also supply an important theoretical basis and valuable reference for in-depth research and exploitations of this plant in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Na Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Zibo Vocational Institute, Zibo, China
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Abulimiti G, Zeng J, Aimaiti M, Lei X, Mi N. Harmol hydrochloride dihydrate induces autophagy in neuro cells and promotes the degradation of α-Syn by Atg5/Atg12-dependent pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:4371-4379. [PMID: 36514773 PMCID: PMC9731543 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmol hydrochloride dihydrate (HHD) is a novel alkaloid salt of the natural β-carboline harmol, which is isolated from Peganum harmala L. Here, we studied whether HHD could induce autophagy in neuro cells and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism. After incubation with HHD, the number of GFP-LC3 puncta in cells was measured using confocal microscopy. The distribution and colocalization of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in the cells were also detected. LC3 was gathered and cultured in a medium containing HHD. Compared with control cells and cells starved for 2 h, the number of GFP-LC3 puncta and the LC3-II expression level were significantly increased in HHD-treated cells (p < .05). The number of autophagosome (red) was increased and most of them were colocalized with lysosomes (green). Moreover, HHD induced the formation of puncta with Lysotracker Red positive in the L3 fat bodies (p < .05). When treated HEK cells with HHD, the protein expression level of LC3-II was markedly increased, and the protein expression level of α-Syn was significantly decreased (p < .05). HHD could induce the increased autophagosome in neuro cells by induction of autophagy. Moreover, HHD may promote the degradation of α-Syn protein to protect neuro cells by inducing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulinuer Abulimiti
- Department of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, ArtuxXinjiangChina
| | - Jianghua Zeng
- Department of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, ArtuxXinjiangChina
| | | | - Xiuying Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyXinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
| | - Na Mi
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence DiseasesClinical Medical Research InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Liu YQ, Li XH, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biology of quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 88:1-47. [PMID: 35305754 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids, two important classes of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted scientific and popular interest worldwide since the 19th century. More than 600 compounds have been isolated from nature to date. To build on our two prior reviews, we reexamined the promising molecules described in previous reports and provided updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated over the past 5 years. This chapter reviews and discusses 205 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and other effects. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Hui Li
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Long Z, Maolin Y, Haoran C, Mingwu D. One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroquinazoline Derivatives. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202204059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Filban F, Ravanbakhsh M, Poormohammadi A, Khaghani S, Sadeghi-Nejad B, Neisi A, Goudarzi G. Antimicrobial properties of Peganum harmala L. seeds' smoke in indoors: applications and prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:17. [PMID: 34888707 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Peganum harmala L., known as Harmal or African, Syrian Rue, Espand (in Iranian culture), and Ozallaik (in Turkey), is a perennial herbaceous glabrous plant, which offers many antimicrobial activities in indoor air. In this regard, in the present study, we aimed at evaluating the disinfectant effects of Peganum harmala L. (PHL) seed smoke on microbial load in air. For this reason, the effects of four doses of PHL seeds (5, 10, 15, and 20 g) and various sampling times in the range of 0-30 min were examined on its antibacterial and antifungal effects. The experiments were conducted at two different areas including a classroom located at the health faculty of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences and a residential area with a similar volume of 60 m3. Tryptic soy agar (TSA) was applied as a specific bacterial culture medium, and sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) was used as a specific fungal culture medium. The concentration of bacteria and fungi in the indoor air of the residential area decreased by 71.4 and 94.7%, respectively. In the educational area, the concentration of bacteria and fungi decreased by 92.8 and 88.9%, respectively. In conclusion, the PHL smoke showed antibacterial and antifungal effects, which may be due to its alkaloids harmine properties, while it causes an increase in the concentration of particles in the air of indoor environments. Therefore, it can be used as an indoor air disinfectant for decreasing the load of bacteria and viruses in a closed space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Filban
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ravanbakhsh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Poormohammadi
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soheila Khaghani
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Abdolkazem Neisi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Timalsina D, Pokhrel KP, Bhusal D. Pharmacologic Activities of Plant-Derived Natural Products on Respiratory Diseases and Inflammations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1636816. [PMID: 34646882 PMCID: PMC8505070 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1636816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory inflammation is caused by an air-mediated disease induced by polluted air, smoke, bacteria, and viruses. The COVID-19 pandemic is also a kind of respiratory disease, induced by a virus causing a serious effect on the lungs, bronchioles, and pharynges that results in oxygen deficiency. Extensive research has been conducted to find out the potent natural products that help to prevent, treat, and manage respiratory diseases. Traditionally, wider floras were reported to be used, such as Morus alba, Artemisia indica, Azadirachta indica, Calotropis gigantea, but only some of the potent compounds from some of the plants have been scientifically validated. Plant-derived natural products such as colchicine, zingerone, forsythiaside A, mangiferin, glycyrrhizin, curcumin, and many other compounds are found to have a promising effect on treating and managing respiratory inflammation. In this review, current clinically approved drugs along with the efficacy and side effects have been studied. The study also focuses on the traditional uses of medicinal plants on reducing respiratory complications and their bioactive phytoconstituents. The pharmacological evidence of lowering respiratory complications by plant-derived natural products has been critically studied with detailed mechanism and action. However, the scientific validation of such compounds requires clinical study and evidence on animal and human models to replace modern commercial medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Timalsina
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | | | - Deepti Bhusal
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
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Chemical constituents from the aerial part of Peganum multisectum. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ciprandi G, Tosca MA. Non-pharmacological remedies for post-viral acute cough. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021; 92. [PMID: 34461702 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-viral acute cough (PAC) is a widespread symptom, mainly in childhood and adolescence, and is usually associated with an acute upper respiratory infection, namely the common cold. The use of cough relievers is, therefore, impressive, as documented by the market data. There are many medical devices and dietary supplements for treating PAC, which contain non-pharmacological components. Ancient people used traditional herbs to treat PAC. Thus, a well-established tradition considers natural remedies as an effective and safe way to relieve PAC. The herbal agents include polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, glucosides, and alkaloids. Also, the European Medicine Agency has recognized the value of plant extracts and other natural substances to treat PAC. Nevertheless, a few studies investigated the role of non-pharmacologic remedies for PAC. There is some evidence for honey, glycerol, Althea officinalis, Drosera rotundifolia, Grindelia, Hedera helix, Pelargonium sidoides, Sambucus nigra, Thymus vulgaris, hyaluronic acid, and saline solutions. However, further rigorous studies should confirm natural products' efficacy and safety to relieve PAC.
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Peganum spp.: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactivities and Health-Enhancing Effects and Their Potential for the Formulation of Functional Foods and Pharmaceutical Drugs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5900422. [PMID: 34257813 PMCID: PMC8260309 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5900422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The genus Peganum includes four species widely distributed in warm temperate to subtropical regions from the Mediterranean to Mongolia as well as certain regions in America. Among these species, Peganum harmala L., distributed from the Mediterranean region to Central Asia, has been studied and its phytochemical profile, traditional folk use, and application in pharmacological and clinical trials are well known. The review is aimed at presenting an insight into the botanical features and geographical distribution of Peganum spp. along with traditional folk uses. This manuscript also reviews the phytochemical profile of Peganum spp. and its correlation with biological activities evidenced by the in vitro and in vivo investigations. Moreover, this review gives us an understanding of the bioactive compounds from Peganum as health promoters followed by the safety and adverse effects on human health. In relation to their multipurpose therapeutic properties, various parts of this plant such as seeds, bark, and roots present bioactive compounds promoting health benefits. An updated search (until December 2020) was carried out in databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect. Chemical studies have presented beta-carboline alkaloids as the most active constituents, with harmalol, harmaline, and harmine being the latest and most studied among these naturally occurring alkaloids. The Peganum spp. extracts have shown neuroprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. The extracts are also found effective in improving respiratory disorders (asthma and cough conditions), dermatoses, and knee osteoarthritis. Bioactivities and health-enhancing effects of Peganum spp. make it a potential candidate for the formulation of functional foods and pharmaceutical drugs. Nevertheless, adverse effects of this plant have also been described, and therefore new bioproducts need to be studied in depth. In fact, the design of new formulations and nanoformulations to control the release of active compounds will be necessary to achieve successful pharmacological and therapeutic treatments.
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13
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Diversity in Chemical Structures and Biological Properties of Plant Alkaloids. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113374. [PMID: 34204857 PMCID: PMC8199754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals belonging to the group of alkaloids are signature specialized metabolites endowed with countless biological activities. Plants are armored with these naturally produced nitrogenous compounds to combat numerous challenging environmental stress conditions. Traditional and modern healthcare systems have harnessed the potential of these organic compounds for the treatment of many ailments. Various chemical entities (functional groups) attached to the central moiety are responsible for their diverse range of biological properties. The development of the characterization of these plant metabolites and the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis is of an utmost priority to deliver enhanced advantages in terms of biological properties and productivity. Further, the incorporation of whole/partial metabolic pathways in the heterologous system and/or the overexpression of biosynthetic steps in homologous systems have both become alternative and lucrative methods over chemical synthesis in recent times. Moreover, in-depth research on alkaloid biosynthetic pathways has revealed numerous chemical modifications that occur during alkaloidal conversions. These chemical reactions involve glycosylation, acylation, reduction, oxidation, and methylation steps, and they are usually responsible for conferring the biological activities possessed by alkaloids. In this review, we aim to discuss the alkaloidal group of plant specialized metabolites and their brief classification covering major categories. We also emphasize the diversity in the basic structures of plant alkaloids arising through enzymatically catalyzed structural modifications in certain plant species, as well as their emerging diverse biological activities. The role of alkaloids in plant defense and their mechanisms of action are also briefly discussed. Moreover, the commercial utilization of plant alkaloids in the marketplace displaying various applications has been enumerated.
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Nile SH, Su J, Wu D, Wang L, Hu J, Sieniawska E, Kai G. Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Zhe Beimu): A review on its traditional uses, phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112289. [PMID: 34029669 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Zhe beimu) ranked as oldest known homeopathic traditional folk medicine in China. The bulbs are medicinally important curing cough, inflammation, gastric ulcers, hypertension, diarrhea, and bronchitis. The aim of this review is to enlighten the deeper knowledge about F. thunbergii giving a comprehensive overview on its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology for future investigation of plant-based drugs and therapeutic applications. Total 48 medicinally important species of Fritillaria were described; total 122 compounds have been identified as results only 72 chemical constituents were described with proper chemical and biological details. F. thunbergii and its bulbs mainly constitute alkaloids, essential oils, diterpenoids, carbohydrates, sterols, amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, and lignans. The pharmacological studies demonstrate that F. thunbergii and its bulbs displays a wide range of bioactivities e.g., anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitussive, expectorant, anti-ulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, anti-diarrhea, neuroprotection, and analgesic effects. Although promising reports on the various chemical bioactive constituents and biological properties of F. thunbergii have been published, very few reviews are related specifically to the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological applications. Further, various other studies on these plants should deserve our more attention for future investigation for drug development and its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Jiajia Su
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Die Wu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Leran Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Jiangning Hu
- Zhejiang Conba Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Technology, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
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Ghanta P, Doble M, Ramaiah B. Alkaloids of Adhatoda vasica Nees. as potential inhibitors of cyclooxygenases - an in-silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:7245-7255. [PMID: 33715610 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1895887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoid pathways play a crucial role in the progression and resolution of inflammation. NSAIDs act as anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting both the isoforms of cyclooxygenases (COXs) whereas, COXIBs act as specific COX-2 inhibitors. Excessive usage of the same is linked with gastrointestinal bleeding and increased cardiovascular risk, respectively. The current in-silico study was aimed at evaluating the potential of major alkaloids of A. vasica (vasicine (VAS), vasicinone (VAE), and Deoxyvasicine (DOV)) as inhibitors of COXs. The results of the computed binding energy (ΔG) indicate that Celecoxib (CEL), DOV, and VAS have a higher affinity to COX-2, while VAE has a higher affinity to COX-1, and Mefenamic acid (MEF) was not selective. Among the alkaloids, VAE exhibited the best ΔG (of -8.2 kcal/mol) with COX-1, while VAS exhibited the best ΔG (of -8.2 kcal/mol) with COX-2. This was comparable to the ΔG exhibited by Mefenamic acid (-8.7 kcal/mol with both the COXs). With their potential to remain gastroprotective while having the ability to inhibit enzymes of both the prostaglandin and leukotriene pathways, the alkaloids of A. vasica could be promising leads for the design of Eicosanoid pathway modulators/inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Ghanta
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Bio-engineering and Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology - Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Basavaraju Ramaiah
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, India
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16
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Ghanta P, Sinha S, Doble M, Ramaiah B. Potential of pyrroquinazoline alkaloids from Adhatoda vasica Nees. as inhibitors of 5-LOX – a computational and an in-vitro study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2785-2796. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1848635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Ghanta
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, India
| | - Shweta Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bio-Engineering and Drug Design Lab, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology - Madras, Adayar, Chennai, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Bio-Engineering and Drug Design Lab, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology - Madras, Adayar, Chennai, India
| | - Basavaraju Ramaiah
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, India
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Meng X, Yang M, Peng J, Zhao Y. Silver‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling Reaction of Amines, 2‐Isocyanobenzaldehydes, and 2,2,2‐Trifluorodiazoethane and Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Indolo[1,2‐
c
]quinazolines. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐He Meng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Ju‐Yin Peng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Long Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
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18
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Sharma N, Muthamilarasan M, Prasad A, Prasad M. Genomics approaches to synthesize plant-based biomolecules for therapeutic applications to combat SARS-CoV-2. Genomics 2020; 112:4322-4331. [PMID: 32717321 PMCID: PMC7381398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is devastative to the humankind for which neither vaccines nor precise therapeutic molecules for treatment are identified. The search for new drugs and repurposing of existing drugs are being performed; however, at the same time, research on plants to identify novel therapeutic compounds or testing the existing ones is progressing at a slower phase. In this context, genomics and biotechnology offer various tools and strategies to manipulate plants for producing those complex biopharmaceutical products. This review enumerates the scope for research on plant-based molecules for their potential application in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Strategies to edit gene and genome, overexpression and silencing approaches, and molecular breeding for producing target biomolecules in the plant system are discussed in detail. Altogether, the present review provides a roadmap for expediting research on using plants as a novel source of active biomolecules having therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namisha Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ashish Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Campbell MV, Iretskii AV, Mosey RA. One-Pot Tandem Assembly of Amides, Amines, and Ketones: Synthesis of C4-Quaternary 3,4- and 1,4-Dihydroquinazolines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11211-11225. [PMID: 32786625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A multicomponent tandem assembly procedure for the synthesis of diverse C4-quaternary 3,4-dihydroquinazolines from amides, amines, and ketones has been developed. The one-pot reaction involves successive triflic anhydride mediated amide dehydration, ketimine addition, and Pictet-Spengler-like cyclization processes and affords products in up to 92% yield. Conversion of 3,4-dihydroquinazolines to the corresponding 1,4-dihydroquinazolines via a two-step N1 dealkylation and regioselective N3 functionalization protocol, including computational rationale for the observed regioselectivity, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly V Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - Alexei V Iretskii
- Department of Chemistry, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - R Adam Mosey
- Department of Chemistry, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
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Plants derived therapeutic strategies targeting chronic respiratory diseases: Chemical and immunological perspective. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 325:109125. [PMID: 32376238 PMCID: PMC7196551 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The apparent predicament of the representative chemotherapy for managing respiratory distress calls for an obligatory deliberation for identifying the pharmaceuticals that effectively counter the contemporary intricacies associated with target disease. Multiple, complex regulatory pathways manifest chronic pulmonary disorders, which require chemotherapeutics that produce composite inhibitory effect. The cost effective natural product based molecules hold a high fervor to meet the prospects posed by current respiratory-distress therapy by sparing the tedious drug design and development archetypes, present a robust standing for the possible replacement of the fading practice of poly-pharmacology, and ensure the subversion of a potential disease relapse. This study summarizes the experimental evidences on natural products moieties and their components that illustrates therapeutic efficacy on respiratory disorders. Plant derived therapeutics for managing chronic respiratory disorders. Activity of natural product based molecules on key regulatory pathways of COPD. Preclinical evidence for the efficacy of natural product moieties. Clinical significance of plant derived molecules in pulmonary distress.
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Magyar CL, Wall TJ, Davies SB, Campbell MV, Barna HA, Smith SR, Savich CJ, Mosey RA. Triflic anhydride mediated synthesis of 3,4-dihydroquinazolines: a three-component one-pot tandem procedure. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:7995-8000. [PMID: 31408069 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot three-component tandem reaction involving a key Pictet-Spengler-like annulation step has been developed, providing an efficient method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydroquinazolines in moderate to good yields from amides, aldehydes, and amines. The multicomponent triflic anhydride mediated reaction tolerates the installation of numerous functional groups, affording extensive diversity about the heterocyclic scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Magyar
- Department of Chemistry, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI 49783, USA.
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Potential of herb-drug / herb interactions between substrates and inhibitors of UGTs derived from herbal medicines. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Jiang T, Zhang L, Ding M, Li M. Protective Effect Of Vasicine Against Myocardial Infarction In Rats Via Modulation Of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, And The PI3K/Akt Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3773-3784. [PMID: 31802850 PMCID: PMC6827513 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s220396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of damage to the heart and is classified as a major cause of death related to cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we intended to investigate the protective effect of vasicine (VAS) against myocardial infarction in rats, and its mechanism. Methods Myocardial infarction was induced by isoproterenol (ISO, 100 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. Different doses of VAS (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg body weight) were administered to the rats. The effect of VAS on oxidative stress markers such as, myocardial necrosis, myocardial ability and infarct volume, inflammatory cytokines, membrane-bound myocardial enzymes, and histopathological changes was investigated. Western blot analysis was also conducted to analyze the effect of VAS on autophagy (PI3K/Akt) and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3). The number of apoptotic cells in the different groups was also identified using TUNEL. Results Results suggested that VAS causes reduction in myocardial necrosis by reduction of elevated LDH, CK-MB, and TnT levels. It also causes augmentation of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and myocardial contractility as determined in terms of +dp/dtmax and –dp/dtmax. Furthermore, VAS causes reduction of TNF-α and IL-6 levels. VAS also improved cardiac function via enhancing posterior wall thickness of the LV with concurrent increase in the mass of LV. In the present study, VAS caused activation of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, VAS suppressed apoptosis when tested on animals suffering from ISO-induced MI, by decreasing the expression of cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax while increasing the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion In conclusion, vasicine has a protective effect against MI in vivo, through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and excessive autophagy, to suppress apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
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Deng G, Wu C, Rong X, Li S, Ju Z, Wang Y, Ma C, Ding W, Guan H, Cheng X, Liu W, Wang C. Ameliorative effect of deoxyvasicine on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction by restoration of cholinergic function in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153007. [PMID: 31301537 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn is used as a traditional medical herb for treatment of amnesia in Uighur medicine in China. Deoxyvasicine (DVAS) is one of the chief active ingredients in P. harmala, it possesses strong acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities in vitro, but the therapeutic effect and mechanisms on amnesia in vivo are unclear. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of DVAS from P. harmala in learning and memory deficits of scopolamine-induced mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS Mice were pretreated with DVAS (5, 15 and 45 mg/kg) and huperzine-A (0.2 mg/kg) by gavage for 7 days, and subsequently were daily intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (1 mg/kg) to induce learning and memory deficits and behavioral performance was assessed by Morris water maze. To further evaluate the potential mechanisms of DVAS in improving learning and memory capabilities, pathological change, levels of various biochemical markers and protein expressions related to cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation were examined. RESULTS The results showed that DVAS could alleviate learning and memory deficits in scopolamine-treated mice. DVAS could regulate cholinergic function by inhibiting AChE and activating choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities and protein expressions. DVAS could induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor and protect hippocampal pyramidal cells against neuronal damage. DVAS also enhanced antioxidant defense via increasing the antioxidant enzyme level and activity of glutathione peroxidase, and anti-inflammatory function through suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α. Additionally, DVAS could regulate the neurotransmitters by elevating acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, γ-aminobutyric acid and reducing 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and glutamic acid. CONCLUSION Results illustrated that DVAS may be a promising candidate compound against amnesia via restoration of cholinergic function, regulating neurotransmitters, attenuating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China; Pingxiang Health Vocational College, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojuan Rong
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, South Xinhua Road 140, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Zhengcai Ju
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Youxu Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenzheng Ding
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huida Guan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Jiang B, Meng L, Zou N, Wang H, Li S, Huang L, Cheng X, Wang Z, Chen W, Wang C. Mechanism-based pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics studies of harmine and harmaline on neurotransmitters regulatory effects in healthy rats: Challenge on monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152967. [PMID: 31154274 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Carboline alkaloid harmine (HAR) and harmaline (HAL) are monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. However, whether HAR and HAL inhibit MAO or AChE selectively and competitively is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential competition inhibition of HAR and HAL on MAO and AChE in brain endothelial cells (RBE4) and in healthy rats to provide a basis for the application of the inhibitors in the treatment of patients with depression and with Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS The transport properties of HAR and HAL by using blood-brain barrier models constructed with RBE4 were systematically investigated. Then, the modulation effects of HAR and HAL on CNS neurotransmitters (NTs) in healthy rat brains were determined by a microdialysis method coupled with LC-MS/MS. The competition inhibition of HAR and HAL on MAO and AChE was evaluated through real time-PCR, Western blot analysis, and molecular docking experiments. RESULTS Results showed that HAL and HAR can be detected in the blood and striatum 300 min after intravenous injection (1 mg/kg). Choline (Ch), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and phenylalanine (Phe) levels in the striatum decreased in a time-dependent manner after the HAL treatment, with average velocities of 1.41, 0.73, 3.86, and 1.10 (ng/ml)/min, respectively. The Ch and GABA levels in the striatum decreased after the HAR treatment, with average velocities of 1.16 and 0.22 ng/ml/min, respectively. The results of the cocktail experiment using the human liver enzyme indicated that the IC50 value of HAL on MAO-A was 0.10 ± 0.08 µm and that of HAR was 0.38 ± 0.21 µm. Their IC50 values on AChE were not obtained. These findings indicated that HAL and HAR selectively acted on MAO in vitro. However, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis results showed that the AChE mRNA and protein expression decreased in a time-dependent manner in RBE4 cells after the HAR and HAL treatments. CONCLUSION NT analysis results showed that HAL and HAR selectively affect AChE in vivo. HAL and HAR may be highly and suitably developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Liyuan Meng
- Department of Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nan Zou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanxue Wang
- Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 230 Baoding Road, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lifeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Effect of Vasicinone against Paraquat-Induced MAPK/p53-Mediated Apoptosis via the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT Pathway in a Parkinson's Disease-Associated SH-SY5Y Cell Model. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071655. [PMID: 31331066 PMCID: PMC6682869 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasicinone is a quinazoline alkaloid isolated from the Adhatoda vasica plant. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effect and underlying molecular mechanism of vasicinone against paraquat-induced cellular apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Vasicinone reduced the paraquat-induced loss of cell viability, rescued terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive apoptotic nuclei, and suppressed generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting analysis revealed that vasicinone increased the phosphorylation of IGF1R/PI3K/AKT cell survival signaling molecules and downregulated the paraquat-induced, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated apoptotic pathways compared to that observed in cells not treated with vasicinone. This protection depended critically on the activation of IGF1R, and the silencing of IGF1R by siRNA completely abrogated the protective effect of vasicinone in SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings indicated that vasicinone is a potential candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and possibly other oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Deng G, Liu W, Ma C, Rong X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wu C, Cao N, Ding W, Guan H, Cheng X, Wang C. In vivo and in vitro metabolism and pharmacokinetics of cholinesterase inhibitor deoxyvasicine from aerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn in rats via UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:288-301. [PMID: 30872168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn are a Uighur traditional medicinal herb in China used to treat amnesia, bronchial asthma, and cough. Deoxyvasicine (DVAS), a potent cholinesterase inhibitor exhibiting anti-senile dementia activity, is one of the chief active ingredients in aerial parts of P. harmala and plays a key role in mediating the pharmacological effects of P. harmala. However, the metabolic profiling and in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of DVAS still remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this present study was to investigate the metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties of DVAS in rats by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolic profiling of DVAS was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by rat liver microsomes (RLMs) incubation and by rat bio-specimens, such as urine, feces, plasma, and bile, after the oral administration of 45 mg/kg DVAS. An efficient and sensitive UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine DVAS and its major four metabolites, namely, vasicine, deoxyvasicinone, vasicinone, and 1,2,3,9-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-3-β-D-glucuronide in rat plasma. For pharmacokinetic studies, 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, intravenous dosage group (2 mg/kg DVAS) and three oral dosage groups (5, 15, and 45 mg/kg DVAS). In addition, the activity of the components in plasma after intravenous administration of DVAS was evaluated by in vitro anti-butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) assays. RESULTS A total of 23 metabolites were found in RLMs, plasma, urine, feces, and bile by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. The metabolic pathway of DVAS in vivo and in vitro mainly involved hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, acetylation, methylation, glucuronidation, and O-sulphate conjugation, and the C-3 and C-9 sites were the main metabolic soft spots. All 23 metabolites were detected in the urine sample, and 13, 8, 22, and 6 metabolites were identified from rat feces, plasma, bile, and RLMs, respectively. The standard curves of DVAS and four metabolites in rat plasma showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.82-524.00 ng/mL with acceptable selectivity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability. DVAS exhibited linear dose-proportional pharmacokinetics at doses of 5, 15, and 45 mg/kg after oral administration, and the average oral absolute bioavailability of DVAS was 47.46%. The in vitro anti-BChE assays implied that the inhibitive activities were mainly due to the different concentrations of prototype DVAS. CONCLUSIONS DVAS can be rapidly absorbed and excreted by blood, and it is also extensively metabolized in vivo, and the anti-BChE activity in blood is mainly attributed to DVAS. These findings can lay a foundation for new drug development for DVAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaojuan Rong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, South Xinhua Road 140, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Youxu Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ning Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenzheng Ding
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huida Guan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Rayan M, Abdallah Z, Abu-Lafi S, Masalha M, Rayan A. Indexing Natural Products for their Antifungal Activity by Filters-based Approach: Disclosure of Discriminative Properties. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 15:235-242. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409914666181017100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
<P>Background: A considerable worldwide increase in the rate of invasive fungal infections
and resistance toward antifungal drugs was witnessed during the past few decades. Therefore, the need
for newer antifungal candidates is paramount. Nature has been the core source of therapeutics for thousands
of years, and an impressive number of modern drugs including antifungals were derived from
natural sources. In order to facilitate the recognition of potential candidates that can be derived from
natural sources, an iterative stochastic elimination optimization technique to index natural products for
their antifungal activity was utilized.
Methods:
A set of 240 FDA-approved antifungal drugs, which represent the active domain, and a set of
2,892 natural products, which represent the inactive domain, were used to construct predictive models
and to index natural products for their antifungal bioactivity. The area under the curve for the produced
predictive model was 0.89. When applying it to a database that is composed of active/inactive chemicals,
we succeeded to detect 42% of the actives (antifungal drugs) in the top one percent of the screened
chemicals, compared with one-percent when using a random model.
Results and Conclusion:
Eight natural products, which were highly scored as likely antifungal drugs,
are disclosed. Searching PubMed showed only one molecule (Flindersine) out of the eight that have
been tested was reported as an antifungal. The other seven phytochemicals await evaluation for their
antifungal bioactivity in a wet laboratory.</P>
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Rayan
- Institute of Applied Research, Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel
| | - Ziyad Abdallah
- Institute of Applied Research, Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel
| | - Saleh Abu-Lafi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Abu-Dies, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Mahmud Masalha
- Drug Discovery Informatics Lab, QRC - Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baka EL-Garbiah 30100, Israel
| | - Anwar Rayan
- Institute of Applied Research, Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel
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Zhu Y, Liu W, Qi S, Wang H, Wang Y, Deng G, Zhang Y, Li S, Ma C, Wang Y, Cheng X, Wang C. Stereoselective glucuronidation metabolism, pharmacokinetics, anti-amnesic pharmacodynamics, and toxic properties of vasicine enantiomers in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:459-474. [PMID: 30077712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vasicine (VAS) is a potential natural cholinesterase inhibitor for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Due to one chiral centre (C-3) presenting in molecule, VAS has two enantiomers, d-vasicine (d-VAS) and l-vasicine (l-VAS). The study was undertaken to investigate the stereoselective glucuronidation metabolism, pharmacokinetics, anti-amnesic effect and acute toxicity of VAS enantiomers. In results, the glucuronidation metabolic rate of l-VAS was faster than d-VAS in human liver microsomes and isoenzymes tests, and it was proved that the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A9 and UGT2B15 were the major metabolic enzymes for glucuronidation of l-VAS, while only UGT1A9 for d-VAS, which take responsibility of the significantly less metabolic affinity of d-VAS than l-VAS in HLM and rhUGT1A9. The plasma exposure of d-VAS in rats was 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold higher than that of l-VAS after intravenous and oral administration of d-VAS and l-VAS, respectively. And the plasma exposure of the major glucuronidation metabolite d-VASG was one of tenth of l-VASG or more less, no matter by intravenous or oral administration. Both d-VAS and l-VAS were exhibited promising acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities, and the BChE inhibitory activity of d-VAS with IC50 of 0.03 ± 0.001 μM was significantly stronger than that of l-VAS with IC50 of 0.98 ± 0.19 μM. The molecular docking results indicated that d-VAS and l-VAS could bind to the catalytic active site (CAS position) either of human AChE and BChE, and the BChE combing ability of d-VAS (the score of GBI/WAS dG -7.398) was stronger than that of l-VAS (the score of GBI/WAS dG -7.135). Both d-VAS and l-VAS could improving the learning and memory on scopolamine-induced memory deficits in mice. The content of acetylcholine (ACh) after oral administration d-VAS increased more than that of l-VAS in mice cortex, through inhibiting cholinesterase (ChE) and increasing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). In addition, the LD50 value of d-VAS (282.51 mg·kg-1) was slight lower than l-VAS (319.75 mg·kg-1). These results indicated that VAS enantiomers displayed significantly stereoselective metabolic, pharmacokinetics, anti-amnesic effect and toxic properties in vitro and in vivo. The d-VAS might be the dominant configuration for treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shenglan Qi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanxue Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Koszelewski D, Trzepizur D, Zaorska E, Madej A, Brodzka A, Paprocki D, Borys F, Wilk M, Ostaszewski R. Facile Conversion of α-Acyloxy Amides into 3-Hydroxy-lactams. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Damian Trzepizur
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ewelina Zaorska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Arleta Madej
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Brodzka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel Paprocki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Filip Borys
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Monika Wilk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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31
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Dey T, Dutta P, Manna P, Kalita J, Boruah HPD, Buragohain AK, Unni B. Anti-Proliferative Activities of Vasicinone on Lung Carcinoma Cells Mediated via Activation of Both Mitochondria-Dependent and Independent Pathways. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:409-416. [PMID: 29310422 PMCID: PMC6029685 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasicinone, a quinazoline alkaloid from Adhatoda vasica Nees. is well known for its bronchodilator activity. However its antiproliferative activities is yet to be elucidated. Here-in we investigated the anti-proliferative effect of vasicinone and its underlying mechanism against A549 lung carcinoma cells. The A549 cells upon treatment with various doses of vasicinone (10, 30, 50, 70 µM) for 72 h showed significant decrease in cell viability. Vasicinone treatment also showed DNA fragmentation, LDH leakage, and disruption of mitochondrial potential, and lower wound healing ability in A549 cells. The Annexin V/PI staining showed disrupted plasma membrane integrity and permeability of PI in treated cells. Moreover vasicinone treatment also lead to down regulation of Bcl-2, Fas death receptor and up regulation of PARP, BAD and cytochrome c, suggesting the anti-proliferative nature of vasicinone which mediated apoptosis through both Fas death receptors as well as Bcl-2 regulated signaling. Furthermore, our preliminary studies with vasicinone treatment also showed to lower the ROS levels in A549 cells and have potential free radical scavenging (DPPH, Hydroxyl) activity and ferric reducing power in cell free systems. Thus combining all, vasicinone may be used to develop a new therapeutic agent against oxidative stress induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Dey
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.,Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | - Prachurjya Dutta
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Campus, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Campus, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Jatin Kalita
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Campus, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Hari Prasanna Deka Boruah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Campus, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Alak Kumar Buragohain
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | - Balagopalan Unni
- Biological Sciences, Assam Downtown University, Guwahati 781026, India
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Andrisano V, Naldi M, De Simone A, Bartolini M. A patent review of butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors and reactivators 2010-2017. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2018; 28:455-465. [PMID: 29757691 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1476494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) has obtained a renewed interest as therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease (AD), when changes in BuChE activity and expression along disease progression were highlighted as well as correlation between BuChE levels and cognitive function. AREAS COVERED During the last eight years, fourteen patents on BuChE inhibitors (BuChEI) have been submitted. Only three of them relate to BuChE selective inhibitors, while four of them focus on multitarget inhibitors which address different key pathological factors other than BuChE. Two patents report on non-selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/BuChE inhibitors, while four patents deal with natural compounds and their derivatives. One patent relates to antitoxic agents to treat exposure to ChEI pesticides and nerve agents. EXPERT OPINION Increasing evidence supports BuChE as a more beneficial target in moderate-to-severe forms of AD in comparison to the well-known AChE. However, hitting a single pathological target is likely not sufficient to halt the disease progression. Therefore, patented BuChE inhibitors with a multifunctional profile may open new therapeutic avenues, since the additional activities could reinforce the therapeutic effects. Unfortunately, in vivo studies are limited and key parameters, such as ADMET data, are missing. This lack of information makes difficult to forecast the development of patented BuChEIs into effective drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Andrisano
- a Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , Rimini , Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- b Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- a Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , Rimini , Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- b Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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33
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Liu L, Wang LP, He S, Ma Y. Immune Homeostasis: Effects of Chinese Herbal Formulae and Herb-Derived Compounds on Allergic Asthma in Different Experimental Models. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:390-398. [PMID: 29752613 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is thought to arise from an imbalance of immune regulation, which is characterized by the production of large quantities of IgE antibodies by B cells and a decrease of the interferon-γ/interleukin-4 (Th1/Th2) ratio. Certain immunomodulatory components and Chinese herbal formulae have been used in traditional herbal medicine for thousands of years. However, there are few studies performing evidence-based Chinese medicine (CM) research on the mechanisms and effificacy of these drugs in allergic asthma. This review aims to explore the roles of Chinese herbal formulae and herb-derived compounds in experimental research models of allergic asthma. We screened published modern CM research results on the experimental effects of Chinese herbal formulae and herb-derived bioactive compounds for allergic asthma and their possible underlying mechanisms in English language articles from the PubMed and the Google Scholar databases with the keywords allergic asthma, experimental model and Chinese herbal medicine. We found 22 Chinese herb species and 31 herb-derived anti-asthmatic compounds as well as 12 Chinese herbal formulae which showed a reduction of airway hyperresponsiveness, allergen-specifific immunoglobulin E, inflflammatory cell infifiltration and a regulation of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo, respectively. Chinese herbal formulae and herbderived bioactive compounds exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflflammatory and anti-asthma activities in different experimental models and their various mechanisms of action are being investigated in modern CM research with genomics, proteomics and metabolomics technologies, which will lead to a new era in the development of new drug discovery for allergic asthma in CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.,University Course of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lin-Peng Wang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Shan He
- Molecular Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine Group, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yan Ma
- University Course of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Molecular Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine Group, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang GZ, Liu YQ, Guo X, Xu XS, Goto M, Li JC, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biologically active quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids part II. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1614-1660. [PMID: 29485730 DOI: 10.1002/med.21492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To follow-up on our prior Part I review, this Part II review summarizes and provides updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated during the period of 2009-2016, together with the biological activity and the mechanisms of action of these classes of natural products. Over 200 molecules with a broad range of biological activities, including antitumor, antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-asthma, antitussive, and other activities, are discussed. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Guan-Zhou Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University, Qinghai University Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang KB, Hu X, Li SG, Li XY, Li DH, Bai J, Pei YH, Li ZL, Hua HM. Racemic indole alkaloids from the seeds of Peganum harmala. Fitoterapia 2018; 125:155-160. [PMID: 29355750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Five pairs of new 2-oxoindole alkaloids, (±)-peganumalines A-E (1-5), and a new indole alkaloid, peganumaline F (6), along with two known analogues, were isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemistry calculations. Notably, (±)-peganumalines A (1) represent a pair of rare 2-oxoindole dimeric alkaloid enantiomer with the hitherto unknown carbon skeleton. All isolates were tested for antiproliferative and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Sheng-Ge Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Da-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yue-Hu Pei
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhan-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Li S, Cheng X, Wang C. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of the genus Peganum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:127-162. [PMID: 28359849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The plants of the genus Peganum have a long history as a Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, jaundice, colic, lumbago, and many other human ailments. Additionally, the plants can be used as an amulet against evil-eye, dye and so on, which have become increasingly popular in Asia, Iran, Northwest India, and North Africa. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present paper reviewed the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, analytical methods, biological activities, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and drug interaction of the genus Peganum in order to assess the ethnopharmacological use and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on studies of the genus Peganum was gathered via the Internet (using Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pudmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE) and libraries. Additionally, information was also obtained from some local books, PhD and MS's dissertations. RESULTS The genus Peganum has played an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. The main bioactive metabolites of the genus include alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, etc. Scientific studies on extracts and formulations revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities, antitumor, anti-hypertension, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiparasidal, anti-leishmaniasis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. CONCLUSIONS Based on this review, there is some evidence for extracts' pharmacological effects on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, cancer, diabetes, hypertension. Some indications from ethnomedicine have been confirmed by pharmacological effects, such as the cholinesterase, monoamine oxidase and DNA topoisomerase inhibitory activities, hypoglycemic and vasodilation effects of this genus. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the genus Peganum can be attributed to the active alkaloids. Data regarding many aspects of the genus such as mechanisms of actions, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, potential drug interactions with standard-of-care medications is still limited which call for additional studies particularly in humans. Further assessments and clinical trials should be performed before it can be integrated into medicinal practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Identification, occurrence and activity of quinazoline alkaloids in Peganum harmala. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:261-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Petruczynik A, Misiurek J, Serafin S, Waksmundzka-Hajnos M. The effect of chromatographic conditions on the separation of selected alkaloids on CN-silica layers. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1298027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - J. Misiurek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - S. Serafin
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Pharmacognostic, physicochemical and chromatographic characterization of Samasharkara Churna. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2016; 7:88-99. [PMID: 27460817 PMCID: PMC4969313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Samasharkara Churna, a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation, is prescribed for treating various conditions such as asthma and cough. Literature review suggested that characterization parameters of Samasharkara Churna are not reported. OBJECTIVE To report characteristic parameters of Samasharkara Churna to conform its identity, quality and purity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samasharkara Churna was evaluated for pharmacognostic, physicochemical, microbiological, and chromatographic parameters. RESULTS The chromatographic analysis was able to showed presence of all ingredients in Samasharkara Churna. CONCLUSION The characterization parameters presented in this paper may serve as standard reference for the quality control analysis of Samasharkara Churna.
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Barth A, Hovhannisyan A, Jamalyan K, Narimanyan M. Antitussive effect of a fixed combination of Justicia adhatoda, Echinacea purpurea and Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection: A comparative, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:1195-1200. [PMID: 26598919 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kan Jang® oral solution (KJ) is a fixed combination of aqueous ethanolic extracts of Justicia adhatoda L. leaf, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench root, and Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Harms root. It is approved in Scandinavia as an herbal medicinal product for respiratory tract infection treatment. PURPOSE The present clinical trial aimed to compare the antitussive effect of KJ with placebo (PL) and bromhexine (BH) among patients of 18-65 years old with non-complicated upper respiratory infections (URI; i.e., common cold). STUDY DESIGN We performed a parallel-group, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in in 177 patients with acute URI over a 5 day period. METHODS We investigated the antitussive effects of a KJ (30 ml/day; 762 mg genuine extracts with standardized contents of 0.2 mg/ml vasicine, 0.8 mg/ml chicoric acid, and 0.03 mg/ml eleutherosides B and E), bromhexine hydrochloride (24 mg/30 ml/day) and PL on cough and blood markers. The primary outcome was cough relief, which was assessed as the change of cough frequency from baseline (cough index). Secondary outcomes were safety with regards to reported adverse events (AEs) and hematological data. RESULTS Both KJ and BH relieved cough more effectively than placebo. On the third and fourth days of treatment, we observed faster improvement in the group receiving KJ compared to in the groups receiving BH (100%) or PL (100%), indicating a slightly shorter recovery time in the KJ group. KJ showed a good tolerability and safety profile. CONCLUSION KJ exerted significant antitussive effects in URI. The present data further support the therapeutic use of KJ in upper respiratory tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Barth
- Partus Kvinnohälsa, Södra v. 2, 412 54, Göteborg
| | - Areg Hovhannisyan
- Anti-doping Service of Republican Centre of Sport Medicine, Acharyan Street, 2/6, Yerevan, Armenia .
| | - Kristina Jamalyan
- Yerevan State Medical University of Armenia, Koryun 2 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mikael Narimanyan
- Yerevan State Medical University of Armenia, Koryun 2 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
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Liu W, He D, Zhu Y, Cheng X, Xu H, Wang Y, Li S, Jiang B, Wang Z, Wang C. Simultaneous determination of vasicine and its major metabolites in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and its application to in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to simultaneously determinate vasicine and its main metabolites and applied to the pharmacokinetic study. In addition, the anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity of component in plasma was evaluatedin vitro.
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