1
|
Peppiatt I, Retrouvey M, Conran RM. Educational Case: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Acad Pathol 2024; 11:100115. [PMID: 38616953 PMCID: PMC11015107 DOI: 10.1016/j.acpath.2024.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Peppiatt
- School of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Michele Retrouvey
- Department of Radiology, Florida Atlantic University College of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Richard M. Conran
- Department of Pathology & Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Howlett-Downing C, Boman J, Molnár P, Shirinde J, Wichmann J. Case-crossover study for the association between increased hospital admissions for respiratory diseases and the increase in atmospheric PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-bound trace elements in Pretoria, South Africa. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1551-1565. [PMID: 37384843 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2229256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor PM2.5 was sampled in Pretoria, 18 April 2017 to 28 February 2020. A case-crossover epidemiology study was associated for increased PM2.5 and trace elements with increased hospital admissions for respiratory disorders (J00-J99). The results included a significant increase in hospital admissions, with total PM2.5 of 2.7% (95% CI: 0.6, 4.9) per 10 µg·m-3 increase. For the trace elements, Ca of 4.0% (95% CI: 1.4%-6.8%), Cl of 0.7% (95% CI: 0.0%-1.4%), Fe of 3.3% (95% CI: 0.5%-6.1%), K of 1.8% (95% CI: 0.2-3.5) and Si of 1.3% (95% CI: 0.1%-2.5%). When controlling for PM2.5, only Ca of 3.2% (95% CI: 0.3, 6.1) and within the 0-14 age group by 5.2% (95% CI: 1.5, 9.1). Controlling for a co-pollutant that is highly correlated with PM2.5 does reduce overestimation, but further studies should include deposition rates and parallel sampling analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Howlett-Downing
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gezina, South Africa
| | - Johan Boman
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science Division, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Molnár
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joyce Shirinde
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gezina, South Africa
| | - Janine Wichmann
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gezina, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan M, Muhmood K, Mahmood HZ, Khaliq IH, Zaman S. The health and economic burden of dust pollution in the textile industry of Faisalabad, Pakistan. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2024; 99:3. [PMID: 38282165 PMCID: PMC10822829 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-024-00150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to dust in textile mills adversely affects workers' health. We collected epidemiological data on textile workers suffering from respiratory diseases and assessed work absence associated with illnesses in Faisalabad, Pakistan. METHODS We recruited 206 workers using multistage sampling from 11 spinning mills in Faisalabad, Pakistan. The data were collected using 2-week health diaries and face-to-face interviews. The data pertains to socio-demographics, occupational exposures, the state of the workers' health, and other attributes. A theoretical framework of the health production function was used to estimate the relationship between cotton dust exposure and respiratory illnesses. We also estimated functional limitations (e.g., work absence) associated with dust exposure. STATA 12 was used to calculate descriptive statistics, an ordered probit for byssinosis, a probit model for chronic cough, and three complementary log-log models for blood phlegm, bronchitis, and asthma to measure dose-response functions. A Tobit model was used to measure the sickness absence function. RESULTS We found that cotton dust exposure causes a significant health burden to workers, such as cough (35%), bronchitis (17%), and different grades of byssinosis symptoms (22%). The regression analysis showed that smoking cigarettes and working in dusty sections were the main determinants of respiratory diseases. Dusty work sections also cause illness-related work absences. However, the probability of work absence decreases with the increased use of face masks. CONCLUSION The study's findings imply the significance of promoting occupational safety and health culture through training and awareness among workers or implementing the use of safety gadgets. Promulgating appropriate dust standards in textile mills is also a need of the hour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khan
- Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Muhmood
- Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Zahid Mahmood
- Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mowahedi M, Aramesh A, Khouzani MS, Khouzani MS, Daryanoush S, Samet M, Samadi M. Association of Interleukin-4 Receptor α Chain I50V Gene Variant (rs1805010) and Asthma in Iranian Population: A Case-control Study. Open Respir Med J 2024; 18:e18743064266613. [PMID: 38660682 PMCID: PMC11037512 DOI: 10.2174/0118743064266613231123103523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is one of the respiratory disorders caused by chronic airway inflammation. IL-4 has been identified as one of the participating interleukins in the severity of asthma. Objective A case-control study was conducted to determine the association of rs1805010, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the interleukin 4 receptor α chain, with asthma and immunoglobulin E and IL-17A serum levels in Iranian populations. Methods ELISA was used to investigate the relationship between three different varieties of SNP I50V and serum IL-17A levels, as well as total IgE levels. Based on GINA criteria, patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on the association between SNP I50V, IL-17A, and total IgE. In order to analyze the data, the student-t-test and the one-way ANOVA were used. Results The SNP I50V was associated with asthma in a significant way (p = 0.001). IL-17A and total IgE levels were significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in control participants (p 0.05 and p 0.021, respectively), but neither showed any association with SNP I50V in the asthmatic patients. Conclusion Asthma patients have a higher prevalence of the I allele, reflecting the significance of Th2 cells. Although total IgE and IL-17A levels increased in both disease subgroups, total IgE level augmentation correlates directly with disease severity, while IL-17A level enhancement does not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masouma Mowahedi
- Abortion Research Center, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azam Aramesh
- Thalassemia and Hemophilia Research Center, Shahid Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Sorkhi Khouzani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology - Genetic Center, Falavarjan Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Daryanoush
- Thalassemia and Hemophilia Research Center, Shahid Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samet
- Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Morteza Samadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dai M, Dou X, Chen M, Yang J, Long J, Lin Y. Strong opioids-induced cardiac, neurologic, and respiratory disorders: a real-world study from 2004 to 2023 based on FAERS. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02844-4. [PMID: 38032491 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are mainly used as adjuncts to the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, postoperative analgesia, and treating moderate to severe cancer pain and chronic pain. However, the hazards of these drugs to various organ organs still need to be further explored. This study used the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to determine whether commonly receiving opioids was higher than the baseline risk for all other medications. FAERS was asked about adverse events (AEs) for the opioids "morphine," "fentanyl," "oxycodone," "hydromorphone," "sufentanil," and "remifentanil" from the first quarter of 2004 (2004Q1) through the second quarter of 2023 (2023Q2). Disproportionality signaling analysis was performed by calculating reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM). AEs with system organ classes (SOCs) of "cardiac disease," "neurologic disease," and "respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disease" were then screened. The statistical analysis included 12,819,518 reports in the FAERS database from 2004Q1 to 2023Q2, of which 236,619 AEs were reported as "primary suspect" for the six drugs mentioned above, which were selected as "cardiac disorders," "nervous system disorders," and "respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders." Some AEs identified in this study are consistent with the drug labeling, such as bradycardia, respiratory depression, and somnolence. In addition, some unexpected and significant acute adverse drug reactions (ADRs), such as toxic leukoencephalopathy and coma, may occur. This study identified potential new and unexpected ADRs for opioids, providing valuable evidence for safety studies of opioids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maosha Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoke Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Juexi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Junhao Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hoch CC, Petry J, Griesbaum L, Weiser T, Werner K, Ploch M, Verschoor A, Multhoff G, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Wollenberg B. 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol): A versatile phytochemical with therapeutic applications across multiple diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115467. [PMID: 37696087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
1,8-cineole (Eucalyptol), a naturally occurring compound derived from botanical sources such as eucalyptus, rosemary, and camphor laurel, has a long history of use in traditional medicine and exhibits an array of biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, bronchodilatory, analgesic, and pro-apoptotic effects. Recent evidence has also indicated its potential role in managing conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, neuropathic pain, and cancer. This review spotlights the health advantages of 1,8-cineole, as demonstrated in clinical trials involving patients with respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchitis, and rhinosinusitis. In addition, we shed light on potential therapeutic applications of 1,8-cineole in various conditions, such as depression, epilepsy, peptic ulcer disease, diarrhea, cardiac-related heart diseases, and diabetes mellitus. A comprehensive understanding of 1,8-cineole's pharmacodynamics and safety aspects as well as developing effective formulations, might help to leverage its therapeutic value. This thorough review sets the stage for future research on diverse health benefits and potential uses of 1,8-cineole in tackling complex medical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cosima C Hoch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Julie Petry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Griesbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiser
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Werner
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Admar Verschoor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shawarb N, Badrasawi M, Qaoud HA, Hussein F. An ethno-botanical study of medicinal plants used for the management of respiratory tract disorders in northern parts of Palestine. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:387. [PMID: 37891535 PMCID: PMC10612229 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medicinal application of natural plant remedies is well established. These medicinal plants are still in use within the Palestinian community to treat several illnesses. This research is intended to study the use of natural plants to treat different types of respiratory tract disorders. METHOD This ethno botanical study focused on the medicinal plants that are used to treat respiratory diseases in the northern part of Palestine; Nablus, Tulkarm, Qalqilia, and Jenin. A questionnaire was distributed to 120 respondents. The data obtained included names of the plants used, the parts used, the diseases for which the products were applied, as well as the method of preparation. To evaluate results, percentages (%), Fic (factor of informant consensus), and FL (fidelity-level) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 120 participants were selected for the final analysis. The highest percentage of herbal use was reported for flu 85.8% (103 participants) followed by cough 83.3%, while the lowest percentage of users was for bronchitis with 54.1%. The study showed that 31 plant species of 19 families were used for respiratory disorders treatment. Six species were from the Lamiaceae family, three species from the Apiaceae family, two species from Amaryllidaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae and Zingiberaceae, and one plant species for each of the rest of families. Leaves and fruits were the most commonly used parts of plants. Decoction was the method of preparation and was taken as a hot drink. Chamomile, mint, sage, lemon, and ginger were in the recipes for the five respiratory diseases. CONCLUSION In Palestine, patients with respiratory diseases rely heavily on the use of herbal remedies. Leaves and fruits were the most commonly used plat elements. Age and marriage were significantly associated with the use of botanical remedies. Whereas there was no significant association between the source of information about medicinal plants and the location where medicinal plants were purchased. It is vital to conduct comprehensive clinical investigations and pharmacological assessments of these herbal remedies, in order to identify their efficacy, safety, and toxicity levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Shawarb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University Nablus, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, State of Palestine.
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University Tulkarem, Nablus, State of Palestine
| | - Hassan Abu Qaoud
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University Tulkarem, Nablus, State of Palestine
| | - Fatima Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University Nablus, Nablus, State of Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scialò F, Vitale M, D'Agnano V, Mariniello DF, Perrotta F, Castaldo A, Campbell SFM, Pastore L, Cazzola M, Bianco A. Lung Microbiome as a Treatable Trait in Chronic Respiratory Disorders. Lung 2023; 201:455-466. [PMID: 37752217 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Once thought to be a sterile environment, it is now established that lungs are populated by various microorganisms that participate in maintaining lung function and play an important role in shaping lung immune surveillance. Although our comprehension of the molecular and metabolic interactions between microbes and lung cells is still in its infancy, any event causing a persistent qualitative or quantitative variation in the composition of lung microbiome, termed "dysbiosis", has been virtually associated with many respiratory diseases. A deep understanding of the composition and function of the "healthy" lung microbiota and how dysbiosis can cause or participate in disease progression will be pivotal in finding specific therapies aimed at preventing diseases and restoring lung function. Here, we review lung microbiome dysbiosis in different lung pathologies and the mechanisms by which these bacteria can cause or contribute to the severity of the disease. Furthermore, we describe how different respiratory disorders can be caused by the same pathogen, and that the real pathogenetic mechanism is not only dependent by the presence and amount of the main pathogen but can be shaped by the interaction it can build with other bacteria, fungi, and viruses present in the lung. Understanding the nature of this bacteria crosstalk could further our understanding of each respiratory disease leading to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scialò
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vitale
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Vito D'Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alice Castaldo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Susan F M Campbell
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nyagumbo E, Pote W, Shopo B, Nyirenda T, Chagonda I, Mapaya RJ, Maunganidze F, Mavengere WN, Mawere C, Mutasa I, Kademeteme E, Maroyi A, Taderera T, Bhebhe M. Medicinal plants used for the management of respiratory diseases in Zimbabwe: Review and perspectives potential management of COVID-19. Phys Chem Earth (2002) 2022; 128:103232. [PMID: 36161239 PMCID: PMC9489988 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2022.103232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases have in the recent past become a health concern globally. More than 523 million cases of coronavirus disease (COVID19), a recent respiratory diseases have been reported, leaving more than 6 million deaths worldwide since the start of the pandemic. In Zimbabwe, respiratory infections have largely been managed using traditional (herbal) medicines, due to their low cost and ease of accessibility. This review highlights the plants' toxicological and pharmacological evaluation studies explored. It seeks to document plants that have been traditionally used in Zimbabwe to treat respiratory ailments within and beyond the past four decades. Extensive literature review based on published papers and abstracts retrieved from the online bibliographic databases, books, book chapters, scientific reports and theses available at Universities in Zimbabwe, were used in this study. From the study, there were at least 58 plant families comprising 160 medicinal plants widely distributed throughout the country. The Fabaceae family had the highest number of medicinal plant species, with a total of 21 species. A total of 12 respiratory ailments were reportedly treatable using the identified plants. From a total of 160 plants, colds were reportedly treatable with 56, pneumonia 53, coughs 34, chest pain and related conditions 29, asthma 25, tuberculosis and spots in lungs 22, unspecified respiratory conditions 20, influenza 13, bronchial problems 12, dyspnoea 7, sore throat and infections 5 and sinus clearing 1 plant. The study identified potential medicinal plants that can be utilised in future to manage respiratory infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Nyagumbo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - William Pote
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
| | - Bridgett Shopo
- Department of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Trust Nyirenda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Ignatius Chagonda
- Department of Agriculture Practice, Faculty of Agriculture, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Ruvimbo J Mapaya
- Department of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Fabian Maunganidze
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - William N Mavengere
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Cephas Mawere
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Ian Mutasa
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
| | - Emmanuel Kademeteme
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Tafadzwa Taderera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Unit, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Michael Bhebhe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Ethnobiology-based Drug discovery, Research and Development Trust, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cordova J, Pfeiffer RM, Choi K, Grana Mayne R, Baker L, Bachand J, Constantine K, Altekruse S, Reyes-Guzman C. Tobacco use profiles by respiratory disorder status for adults in the wave 1-wave 4 population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102016. [PMID: 36325251 PMCID: PMC9619025 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Exclusive ENDS use is associated with a prior COPD diagnosis. Dual ENDS/cigarette use is associated with prior diagnoses of COPD and bronchitis. Analyses adjusted for behavioral health symptoms and other respiratory disorders. Complete tobacco cessation is most beneficial in reducing respiratory complications.
Limited evidence exists on the association between electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and chronic respiratory disorders. This study examines the association of combustible tobacco and ENDS use with chronic respiratory disorders among US adults. Public-use data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 1 (2013–2014), Wave 2 (2014–2015), Wave 3 (2015–2016), and Wave 4 (2016–2018) were pooled. Analyses focused on adults with W1–W4 respiratory disorder data and current tobacco use at W4, as well as youth entering the adult cohort at W2 through W4 (N = 26,072). We fit weighted multivariable logistic regression models for each respiratory outcome (asthma, COPD, bronchitis) using W4 longitudinal weights. Cigarette smokers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.8, 95 % CI 0.7–0.9) were less likely to report an asthma diagnosis (p = 0.013). In contrast, ENDS users (AOR = 6.5, 95 % CI 3.7–11.5), cigarette smokers (AOR = 6.1, 95 % CI 4.0–9.1), dual users of cigarettes and ENDS (AOR = 5.4, 95 % CI 3.4–8.7), current users of non-cigarette combustible, smokeless, and polytobacco products (AOR = 4.4, 95 % CI 3.1–6.4), and former users of any product (AOR = 3.0, 95 % CI 1.9–4.7) had significantly elevated odds of reporting a diagnosis of COPD (p < 0.001). Similar patterns to COPD were observed for bronchitis (p < 0.001). Current and former tobacco use, including ENDS, were significantly associated with prevalence of self-reported COPD and bronchitis after controlling for demographic and psychosocial confounders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Cordova
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9776, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States,Noninfectious Disease Programs, National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, P.O. Box 117300, Atlanta, GA 30368, United States
| | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9776, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Kelvin Choi
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, 6707 Democracy Blvd., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Rachel Grana Mayne
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9776, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Laura Baker
- The Bizzell Group, LLC, 4500 Forbes Blvd., Suite 400, Lanham, MD 20706, United States
| | - Jacqueline Bachand
- US Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research, 451 7th St. SW, Washington, D.C. 20410, United States
| | - Kristen Constantine
- Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation, U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. 7500 Security Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21244, United States
| | - Sean Altekruse
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Carolyn Reyes-Guzman
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9776, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States,Corresponding author at: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, Tobacco Control Research Branch, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 3E564, MSC 9761, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mirenayat MS, Moradkhani A, Abedi M, Abedini A, Zahiri R, Karimzadeh S, Fakharian A. Role of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COVID-19: A Pilot Study. Tanaffos 2022; 21:466-471. [PMID: 37583770 PMCID: PMC10423869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Inspiratory muscle training has been introduced as one of the effective methods in pulmonary rehabilitation, and attention to this technique in patients with COVID-19 is still being studied. Materials and Methods In the present study 52 patients who have undergone the period of the COVID-19 disease were randomly divided into two groups. In the control group, in addition to the routine treatment prescribed by a specialist physician, rehabilitation was performed by performing diaphragmatic breathing exercises, pursed-lips breathing, chest expansion, and simple stretching exercises. In the intervention group in addition to the rehabilitation program provided to the control group, patients used an inspiratory muscle training device. This pulmonary rehabilitation program was performed twice a day and 30 repetitions each time with a two-minute rest after every 10 exercises. After 4 weeks, patients in both groups were referred to the hospital for reassessment of the distance of the 6-minute walk test, SF-12 questionnaire results, dyspnea, and S-index. To compare quantitative variables between the two groups we utilized a student t-test. Type one error was put at P≤0.05. Results The comparison of 6MWT values shows that the mean of this index in the intervention group is significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.002). Also, the S-index of the two groups showed a significant difference (p=0.024). Results show a significant increase in the SF-12 quality of life questionnaire in patients using IMT (p=0.001). Conclusion IMT improves pulmonary functions, 6MWT, and SF-12 Questionnaire in recovered COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Mirenayat
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Moradkhani
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abedi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Abedini
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Zahiri
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Karimzadeh
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Fakharian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Finamore P, Tanese L, Longo F, De Stefano D, Pedone C, Angelici L, Agabiti N, Cascini S, Davoli M, Zobel BB, Incalzi RA, Crucitti P. The additional value of lung cancer screening program in identifying unrecognized diseases. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:48. [PMID: 35101007 PMCID: PMC8802423 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A systematic examination of low-dose CT (LDCT) scan, beside lung nodules, may disclose the presence of undiagnosed diseases, improving the efficacy and the cost/efficacy of these programs. The study was aimed at evaluating the association between LDCT scan findings and non-oncologic and oncologic diseases. Methods The LDCT scan of participants to the “Un Respiro per la vita”® lung cancer screening program were checked and abnormal findings, beside lung nodules, recorded. First admission to the acute care because of cardiovascular (CD), respiratory (RD) and oncological diseases (OD) in the following three years were retrieved. The association of LDCT scan abnormal findings with CD, RD and OD was assessed through univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Results Mean age of 746 participants was 62 years (SD:5), 62% were male. 11 (1.5%) received a diagnosis of lung cancer. 16.1% participants were admitted to the acute care in the following three years: 8.6% for CD, 4.3% for RD and 5.2% for OD. Valve calcification (OR 2.02, p:0.02) and mucus plugs (OR 3.37, p:0.04) were positively associated with CD, while sub-pleural fibrosis had a protective role (OR 0.47, p:0.01). Lung nodules > 8 mm (OR 5.54, p: < 0.01), tracheal deviation (OR 6.04, p:0.01) and mucus plugs (OR 4.00, p:0.04) were positively associated with OD admissions. Centrilobular emphysema OR for RD admissions was 1.97 (p:0.06). Conclusions The observed association between selected LDCT findings and ensuing CD, RD and OD suggests that the information potential of LCDT goes beyond the screening of lung cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01826-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panaiotis Finamore
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tanese
- Unit of Imaging Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Longo
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico De Stefano
- Unit of Imaging Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pedone
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Angelici
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia del Servizio Sanitario Regionale, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Nera Agabiti
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia del Servizio Sanitario Regionale, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cascini
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia del Servizio Sanitario Regionale, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Davoli
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia del Servizio Sanitario Regionale, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Beomonte Zobel
- Unit of Imaging Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfilippo Crucitti
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University and Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Merza MA, Haleem Al Mezori AA, Mohammed HM, Abdulah DM. COVID-19 outbreak in Iraqi Kurdistan: The first report characterizing epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings of the disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:547-554. [PMID: 32408119 PMCID: PMC7199697 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION On March 11, 2020, the novel coronavirus was declared a global pandemic. The disease was named COVID-19 standing for coronavirus disease 2019. The objectives were to determine the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients. METHODS In this prospective descriptive study, 15 confirmed hospitalized cases of COVID-19 between 18th March and April 7, 2020 were followed-up till discharge. RESULTS There were 15 reported patients infected by 3 imported index cases from Europe. The mean age of the patients was 28.06 (SD: 16.42 years). The patients' age stratification was as follows: 0-5 (2, 13.3%); 6-18 (2, 13.3); 19-50 (10, 66.7%), and 51-64 years (1, 6.7%). The patients were male (9, 60.0%) and female (6, 40.0%). Most of the patients had mild disease severity (13, 86.7%), followed by mild-moderate (1, 6.7%) and moderate-severe (1, 6.7%). The study revealed that 6 patients were asymptomatic, and 9 patients were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were: fever (n = 8; 53.3%), cough (n = 7; 46.7%), shortness of breath (n = 3; 20.0%), fatigue (n = 3; 20.0%), and taste and smell disorders (n = 4; 26.7%). All patients were recovered and discharged over a median of 8 between 8 and 21 days. The mean and Std. deviation values of the hematological were: WBC: 6.57 (1.86); neutrophil count: 3.75 (1.26); lymphocyte count: 1.87 (0.41); Hb: 13.89 (1.26); platelet count: 207.67 (52.21). CONCLUSION All COVID-19 cases were linked to foreign visits with few local transmissions to close contacts without community transmission. The majority of cases were mild illnesses with full recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muayad A Merza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azadi Teaching Hospital, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq.
| | | | - Hakar Mustafa Mohammed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok General Directoarte of Health, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq.
| | - Deldar Morad Abdulah
- Community and Maternity Nursing Unit, College of Nursing, University of Duhok, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tovar MF, Ortiz W, Valderrama MA, Rodríguez F, Gamboa O, Maldonado MJ, Agudelo SI. Prevalence of urinary cotinine levels in children under 5 years of age during consultations for acute respiratory disease at the emergency department of the Universidad de La Sabana clinic. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:296. [PMID: 32546250 PMCID: PMC7296765 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several environmental factors favour the occurrence of acute respiratory disease, which is the main reason for paediatric consultations in our country (Colombia). Tobacco smoke is considered a significant environmental pollutant with a great impact on health. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of cotinine levels measured in urine, in children between 1 to 60 months of age who attended an emergency department with acute respiratory disease. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted that included children between 1 and 60 months of age with acute respiratory disease who were admitted to the emergency department of the Universidad de La Sabana Clinic between April and July 2016. RESULTS We included 268 patients and 36% were female. Of the total population examined, 33.96% showed positive results for urinary cotinine, of whom 97.8% had values between 10 and 100 ng/ml, which is considered positive for exposure to second-hand smoke. The principal pathology was recurrent wheezing in 43.96% of these cases. Regarding the presence of smokers at home, it is important to mention that in 54.95% of the children with positive urinary cotinine test was no related with smokers at home. And in 45.05% of positive urinary cotinine was evidence of smokers at home, being associated with the positive result P < 0.001 and smoking within the house P = 0.018; smoking when children were present did not have significant P = 0.105. The activities performed after smoking such as hand washing, change of clothes, eating, brushing teeth, did not influence the test result P = 0.627. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of urinary cotinine was observed, which is associated with the presence of a smoker at home, and this relationship was independent of the activities performed by the smoker after smoking. In addition, a positive test for urinary cotinine was presented in some children without documented exposure to cigarette smoke inside the home, which may be explained by the presence of environmental cotinine. Therefore, it is necessary to perform educational interventions aimed at parents and caregivers who smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Rodríguez
- School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia.
| | - Oscar Gamboa
- School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - María José Maldonado
- Universidad de la Sabana Clinic, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Sergio Iván Agudelo
- Universidad de la Sabana Clinic, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Genetic factors influence the development of guttural pouch tympany, recurrent laryngeal neuropathy, severe equine asthma, exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, and possibly also some malformations and infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. The current data suggest that most of these diseases are complex, resulting from the interaction between several genes and environmental factors. To date, no specific genes or causative mutations have been identified that would allow the development of practical genetic tests. In the future, genetic profiling panels, based on multiple genetic markers and environmental risk factors, may allow identification of individuals with an increased genetic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinzenz Gerber
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine (ISME), University of Bern, and Agroscope, Laenggassstrasse 124, Berne 3012, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prasher P, Sharma M, Mehta M, Paudel KR, Satija S, Chellappan DK, Dureja H, Gupta G, Tambuwala MM, Negi P, Wich PR, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Plants derived therapeutic strategies targeting chronic respiratory diseases: Chemical and immunological perspective. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 325:109125. [PMID: 32376238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The apparent predicament of the representative chemotherapy for managing respiratory distress calls for an obligatory deliberation for identifying the pharmaceuticals that effectively counter the contemporary intricacies associated with target disease. Multiple, complex regulatory pathways manifest chronic pulmonary disorders, which require chemotherapeutics that produce composite inhibitory effect. The cost effective natural product based molecules hold a high fervor to meet the prospects posed by current respiratory-distress therapy by sparing the tedious drug design and development archetypes, present a robust standing for the possible replacement of the fading practice of poly-pharmacology, and ensure the subversion of a potential disease relapse. This study summarizes the experimental evidences on natural products moieties and their components that illustrates therapeutic efficacy on respiratory disorders. Plant derived therapeutics for managing chronic respiratory disorders. Activity of natural product based molecules on key regulatory pathways of COPD. Preclinical evidence for the efficacy of natural product moieties. Clinical significance of plant derived molecules in pulmonary distress.
Collapse
|
17
|
Olives JP, Elias-Billon I, Barnier-Ripet D, Hospital V. Negative influence of maternal smoking during pregnancy on infant outcomes. Arch Pediatr 2020; 27:189-195. [PMID: 32331915 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the INPES 2014 health barometer, the prevalence of smoking in pregnant women in France is the highest in Europe : 17.8% of expectant mothers who smoke continue to do so during pregnancy. Several epidemiological studies have confirmed multiple risks for tobacco-exposed infants (low birth weight; digestive, respiratory, neurological, and psychological disorders; obesity; type 1 diabetes). PURPOSE This study compared a cohort of infants exposed to tobacco in utero (T+) with those unexposed (T-). Birth weight, diet, presence of colic (ROME III criteria) and regurgitations (Vandenplas scale) were specifically analyzed. METHODS This observational, cross-sectional, and multicenter survey was conducted in France by pediatricians and general practitioners from September 2016 to February 2017. Infants with a chronic pathology and those with parents under 18 years of age were excluded. The data were collected by the physician and by the mother through a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 452 physicians recruited 759 T+ and 741 T- infants in the study. The mean birth weight of T+ infants was significantly lower (3.1±0.5 kg [WHO z-score -0.476±1.081]) than that of T- infants (3.3±0.5 kg [0.033±0.965]; P<0.001). At the time of leaving the maternity facility, 47.7% of T+ infants were breastfed by their mother compared with 70.1% of T- infants. The median reported duration of breastfeeding was 1 month vs. 2 months for T+ and T- infants, respectively. Colic was significantly more common in T+ than in T- infants: 25.6% vs. 12.3% according to the ROME III criteria, and 45.7% vs. 29.7% according to the doctor's opinion (P<0.001 for both). In the T+ group, cases of regurgitation (63.6% vs. 56.5%; P=0.005), respiratory disorder (6.3% vs. 2.4%, P<0.001), and bronchiolitis (6.5% vs. 3.0%; P=0.001) were also more frequent. CONCLUSION This study confirms that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with health risks; exposed infants had significantly more digestive/respiratory symptoms and lower birth weight than unexposed infants. Preventive and educational actions need to be further strengthened in the face of this public health problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-P Olives
- Unité de gastroentérologie et nutrition pédiatrique, hôpital des enfants, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, CHU Purpan, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - I Elias-Billon
- Laboratoire Menarini, département médical, 1, rue du Jura, 94150 Rungis, France
| | - D Barnier-Ripet
- Axonal-Biostatem, 215, avenue Georges-Clemenceau, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - V Hospital
- Laboratoire Menarini, département médical, 1, rue du Jura, 94150 Rungis, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bavarsad K, Saadat S, Mohammadian Roshan N, Hadjzadeh MAR, Boskabady MH. Effects of levothyroxine on lung inflammation, oxidative stress and pathology in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 277:103437. [PMID: 32259689 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, the effect of levothyroxine (L-T4) on tracheal responsiveness, lung inflammation, oxidative stress and pathological features in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), was evaluated. METHODS An animal model of AD was established by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (3 mg/kg) in rats. The rats were then treated for 3 weeks with L-T4 (10 and 100 μg/kg). RESULTS In AD animals, tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin (p < 0.05), white blood cell (WBC) count (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (p < 0.05) and inflammation score (p < 0.01) were increased, but superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total thiol content (for both cases p < 0.05) were decreased compared to the controls. Tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and MDA concentration (p < 0.05) were decreased in AD animals treated with T4 compared to the AD group. Bronchial inflammation in terms of total and some differential WBC in the BALF and inflammatory score, was significantly worsened in AD animals treated with high dose of T4 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) compared to the controls. CONCLUSION Alzheimer's disease may cause lung inflammation and treatment with low dose of T4 improved MDA level and lung inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kowsar Bavarsad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeideh Saadat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Nema Mohammadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hachem M, Saleh N, Paunescu AC, Momas I, Bensefa-Colas L. Exposure to traffic air pollutants in taxicabs and acute adverse respiratory effects: A systematic review. Sci Total Environ 2019; 693:133439. [PMID: 31374502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Taxi drivers could be at risk regarding their respiratory health due to their constant exposure to traffic related air pollutants (TRAP) inside their vehicles. Therefore, we aimed to review pollutants exposure inside taxi vehicles and its determinants as well as its acute adverse respiratory effects. METHODS The literature search was done in Pubmed and in Embase. For additional resources we searched manually articles from the reference lists of the selected papers and from Google Scholar. We included only studies in French or in English language meeting the following eligibility criteria: design: observational and quasi-experimental; study population: taxi drivers or taxi commuters, outcome: pollutants levels in taxicabs and/or acute adverse respiratory effects. Data was extracted using tabulation according to the type of the study (exposure or epidemiological). RESULTS Out of 1753 articles, 21 studies were included. Exposure studies underlined that TRAP concentrations inside taxicabs were higher than their urban background levels and even exceeded those recorded in buses, in trains and when commuting by active transport modes. Overall, their concentrations varied widely between studies depending on the characteristics of the urban environment and the vehicle fleet of each location. Meteorological parameters and ventilation settings appeared to influence pollutants concentrations inside each vehicle. Otherwise, deficiency in epidemiological studies and inconsistencies in their findings restrain our ability to determine the association between acute respiratory effects and exposure to TRAP inside taxicabs. CONCLUSION Although studies are heterogeneous, results have shown a high but variable occupational exposure of taxi drivers to TRAP inside their vehicles. However, future researches are required to study short respiratory impact of taxi drivers' exposure to TRAP inside their vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hachem
- Health Environmental Risk Assessment, INSERM UMRS_1153, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Saleh
- CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon; INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Public, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Alexandra-Cristina Paunescu
- Health Environmental Risk Assessment, INSERM UMRS_1153, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Momas
- Health Environmental Risk Assessment, INSERM UMRS_1153, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Lynda Bensefa-Colas
- Health Environmental Risk Assessment, INSERM UMRS_1153, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Department of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, University Hospital of Centre of Paris, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bandell RAM, Dekkers T, Semmekrot BA, de Wildt SN, Fleuren HWHA, Warlé-van Herwaarden MF, Füssenich P, Gerrits GP, Kramers C. Macrolide prescription in Dutch children: compliance with guidelines. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:675-681. [PMID: 30680574 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
For reasons of antibiotic resistance and side effects, macrolides should be prescribed with care in the pediatric population. We evaluated the adherence to Dutch guidelines of macrolide prescription in children and estimated the risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated pneumonia based on Fischer's decision tree. In this retrospective study, we included children aged 0-18 years who were treated with azithromycin or clarithromycin for pulmonary disease in four settings from general practice to hospital ward for (1) the prescriptions not in accordance with the guideline of the Dutch Association of Pediatrics and (2) the risk of M. pneumoniae in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) according to Fischer's decision tree. The latter suggests that children older than three years with a fever lasting more than two days are at high risk for M. pneumoniae and that it is therefore justified to treat them with macrolides. In total, 189 macrolide prescriptions from 2015 until 2017 were analyzed: 139 children used macrolides for a pulmonary indication (75%); 18% (n = 25) of the prescriptions were not in accordance with Dutch guidelines. Only 9.1% of patients with CAP were classified as having a high risk of M. pneumoniae according to Fischer's decision tree. A significant proportion of macrolide prescriptions for Dutch children with a pulmonary disease appears not to be in accordance with the guidelines. Most patients with CAP treated with a macrolide actually had a low risk of having M. pneumoniae according to Fischer's decision tree. Both observations suggest overuse of macrolides in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa A M Bandell
- Department of Pediatrics, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Weg door Jonkerbos 100, 6532 SZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tanja Dekkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernardus A Semmekrot
- Department of Pediatrics, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Weg door Jonkerbos 100, 6532 SZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia N de Wildt
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W H A Fleuren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Füssenich
- General Practice, Füssenich and Dral, Groesbeek, The Netherlands
| | - Gerardus P Gerrits
- Department of Pediatrics, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Weg door Jonkerbos 100, 6532 SZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Kramers
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alamgeer, Younis W, Asif H, Sharif A, Riaz H, Bukhari IA, Assiri AM. Traditional medicinal plants used for respiratory disorders in Pakistan: a review of the ethno-medicinal and pharmacological evidence. Chin Med 2018; 13:48. [PMID: 30250499 PMCID: PMC6145130 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory disorders are a common cause of malady and demise in Pakistan due to its remoteness, cold and harsh climatic conditions as well as scarce health care facilities. The people rely upon the indigenous plant resources to cure various respiratory disorders. The primary objective of this review was to assemble all available ethno-medicinal data of plants used for respiratory disorders in Pakistan. Pharmacological activity of these plants (based upon published scientific research), distribution, diversity, use, preparation methods, economical value, conservation status and various available herbal products of some plants have also been explored. This study scrutinized various electronic databases for the literature on medicinal plants used in Pakistan to treat respiratory disorders. A total of 384 species belonging to 85 families used to treat respiratory disorders in Pakistan has been documented. Cough was the disorder treated by the highest number of species (214) followed by asthma (150), cold (57) and bronchitis (56). Most of the plants belongs to Asteraceae (32) and Solanaceae family (32) followed by moraceae (17), Poaceae (13), and Amaranthaceae (13) with their habit mostly of herb (219) followed by Shrub (112) and tree (69). Traditional healers in the region mostly prepare ethno medicinal recipes from leaves (24%) and roots (11%) in the form of decoction. Among the reported conservation status of 51 plant species, 5 were endangered, 1 critically endangered, 11 vulnerable, 14 rare, 16 least concern, 3 infrequent and 1 near threatened. We found only 53 plants on which pharmacological studies were conducted and 17 plants being used in herbal products available commercially for respiratory disorders. We showed the diversity and importance of medicinal plants used to treat respiratory disorders in the traditional health care system of Pakistan. As such disorders are still causing several deaths each year, it is of the utmost importance to conduct phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the most promising species. It is also crucial to increase access to traditional medicine, especially in rural areas. Threatened species need special attention for traditional herbal medicine to be exploited sustainably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alamgeer
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Younis
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hira Asif
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Amber Sharif
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Humayun Riaz
- Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ishfaq Ali Bukhari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Mohamed Assiri
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Edmiston R, Wilkinson S, Jones S, Tylee K, Broomfield A, Bruce IA. I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis II): A Case Series from a Tertiary Paediatric Centre Reviewing the Airway and Respiratory Consequences of the Disease. JIMD Rep 2018; 45:1-8. [PMID: 30209781 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2018_130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inclusion cell disease (I-cell) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease involving multiple organ systems, associated with a severely restricted life expectancy. No curative therapy is currently available, with management aimed at symptom palliation. METHODS We present a retrospective, single-centre, case series of children referred to a tertiary paediatric metabolic service. The clinical presentation, demographics, genetics and natural history of the condition are investigated. RESULTS Five patients with I-cell disease were referred over a 10-year period. All patients were born with dysmorphic features and had a family history of I-cell disease on further exploration. Phenotypic variation was seen within patients with the same genetic profile. Airway problems were common with 100% of the documented sleep oximetry studies suggesting sleep-disordered breathing. Of the two patients who had tracheal intubation anaesthetic difficulties we encountered, one required intraoperative reintubation, and one suffered a failed intubation with subsequent death. All five patients required oxygen therapy with the use of CPAP and BiPAP also seen. Feeding issues were almost universal with four of the five patients requiring nasogastric feeding. Four patients had died in the 10-year period with a mean life expectancy of 36 months. Cause of death for three of the four patients was respiratory failure. CONCLUSIONS Airway problems, including sleep-disordered breathing, were ubiquitous in this cohort of children. Any intervention requiring a general anaesthetic needs careful multidisciplinary consideration due to significant associated risks and possibly death. Management as a result is generally non-surgical and symptomatic. This case series demonstrates universal involvement of the airway and respiratory systems, an important consideration when selecting meaningful outcomes for future effectiveness studies of novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Edmiston
- Paediatric ENT Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Stuart Wilkinson
- Paediatric Respiratory Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Jones
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen Tylee
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Broomfield
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Iain A Bruce
- Paediatric ENT Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Invitto S, Calcagnì A, Piraino G, Ciccarese V, Balconi M, De Tommaso M, Toraldo DM. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and olfactory perception: An OERP study. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 259:37-44. [PMID: 30006255 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) is characterized by snoring associated with repeated apnea and/or obstructive hypopnea. The nasal airways of OSA patients, measured via acoustic rhinometry, could be significantly narrower than healthy subjects and this reduced nasal structure can impair olfactory function. The relationship between nasal structure and olfactory function, assessed via behavioral test results, indicates that there is a high prevalence of nasal airflow problems. Based on these assumptions, the purpose of this study was to carry out an assessment of olfactory perception in OSA patients through the Chemosensory Event-Related Potentials (CSERP), investigating the N1 component and the Late Positive Component (LPC). Twelve OSA patients, non-smokers, were recruited in the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, scored with the Epworth Sleepiness Scales, after Polygraphic Recording, Apnea Hypopnea Index and Body Mass Index evaluation. The control group consisted of twelve healthy controls, non-smokers, recruited as volunteers. Subjects, during an EEG recording, performed an oddball olfactory recognition task based on two scents: rose and eucalyptus. Main results highlighted differences in N1 and LPC between OSA and controls. OSA patients presented faster N1 latencies and greater amplitude. The same trend was found in LPC, where OSA showed decreased latency and increased amplitude during rose stimulation, in the right inferior frontal cortex. and faster latencies in left centroparietal cortex OERP results can suggest an impairment in endogenous components. This result could be the consequence of the exogenous perceptual difficulty highlighted in N1 component. The increased arousal could also be related to the respiratory activity involved during the olfactory task.
Collapse
|
24
|
Cavalera MA, Iatta R, Colella V, Dantas-Torres F, Corsaro A, Brianti E, Otranto D. Troglostrongylus brevior: a feline lungworm of paediatric concern. Vet Parasitol 2018; 253:8-11. [PMID: 29605009 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The immature immune system of cats in their paediatric age (i.e., first six months of life) favours the establishment of infectious respiratory tract diseases mainly caused by well recognized viruses and bacteria species. Conversely, lungworm infections are less investigated during respiratory disorders in kittens. In the last decade, Troglostrongylus brevior has been found affecting the respiratory tract of cats, along with the better-known Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Given the scant data available on the epidemiology of feline troglostrongylosis, faecal samples from 575 domestic animals living in three Italian municipalities (i.e., Bari, Messina and Siena) were screened for lungworm infection by Baermann and molecular tecniques. Animals were grouped according to their age as ≤6 months (i.e., paediatric patients), 6-24 months, or >24 months. Paediatric cats were further sub-divided in infant (2-6 weeks), weanling (6-12 weeks) and juvenile (3-6 months). Of the 575 animals tested, 241 (42.0%) were younger than 6 months, 188 (33%) were 6-24-month-old and 146 (25%) were older than 24 months. Lungworm infection was diagnosed in 84 (14.6%) of the examined cats. Of the 49 (20.3%) paediatric animals positive for lungworms, T. brevior was the nematode species most frequently diagnosed (n = 44; 89.8%), followed by A. abstrusus (n = 2; 4.1%), and three cats (6.1%) were co-infected by both species. The diagnosis of T. brevior infection was significantly associated with animals aging ≤6 months (18.2%; P < 0.01) than elder cats. Indeed, the prevalence of infection by T. brevior decreased in animals aging 6-24 months (3.2%) being not detected in cats older than two years. Results of this study indicate that paediatric cats are at higher risk of T. brevior infection compared to adults (P < 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alfonsa Cavalera
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Iatta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Colella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy; Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Angelo Corsaro
- Clinica Borgo Nuovo, 53034 Colle di val D'Elsa, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Brianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
TRPA1 is a well-validated therapeutic target in areas of high unmet medical need that include pain and respiratory disorders. The human genetic rationale for TRPA1 as a pain target is provided by a study describing a rare gain-of-function mutation in TRPA1, causing familial episodic pain syndrome. There is a growing interest in the TRPA1 field, with many pharmaceutical companies reporting the discovery of TRPA1 chemical matter; however, GRC 17536 remains to date the only TRPA1 antagonist to have completed Phase IIa studies. A key issue in the progression of TRPA1 programmes is the identification of high-quality orally bioavailable molecules. Most published TRPA1 ligands are commonly not suitable for clinical progression due to low lipophilic efficiency and/or poor absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and pharmaceutical properties. The recent TRPA1 cryogenic electron microscopy structure from the Cheng and Julius labs determined the structure of full-length human TRPA1 at up to 4Å resolution in the presence of TRPA1 ligands. This ground-breaking science paves the way to enable structure-based drug design within the TRPA1 field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Skerratt
- Convergence (a Biogen Company), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Edwards AM, Graham D, Bloxham S, Maguire GP. Efficacy of inspiratory muscle training as a practical and minimally intrusive technique to aid functional fitness among adults with obesity. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 234:85-88. [PMID: 27638058 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) as a non-intrusive and practical intervention to stimulate improved functional fitness in adults with obesity. As excess adiposity of the chest impedes the mechanics of breathing, targeted re-training of the inspiratory muscles may ameliorate sensations of breathlessness, improve physical performance and lead to greater engagement in physical activity. METHODS Sixty seven adults (BMI=36±6.5) were randomized into either an experimental (EXP: n=35) or placebo (PLA: n=32) group with both groups undertaking a 4-week IMT intervention, comprising daily use of a inspiratory resistance device set to 55% (EXP), or 10% (PLA) of maximum inspiratory effort. RESULTS Inspiratory muscle strength was significantly improved in EXP (19.1 cmH20 gain; P<0.01) but did not change in PLA. Additionally, the post training walking distance covered was significantly extended for EXP (P<0.01), but not for PLA. Bivariate analysis demonstrated a positive association between the change (%) of performance in the walking test and BMI (r=0.78; P<0.01) for EXP. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest IMT provides a practical, self-administered intervention for use in a home setting. This could be a useful strategy to improve the functional fitness of obese adults and perhaps lead to better preparedness for engagement in physical activity initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Edwards
- University of St Mark & St John, Plymouth, United Kingdom, United Kingdom; James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.
| | - D Graham
- James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - S Bloxham
- University of St Mark & St John, Plymouth, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - G P Maguire
- James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Auger C, Schapiro E, Galmiche H, Denis C. [Review of reimbursement for instrumental techniques used for assisted coughing and thoracic expansion. A French National Health Authority assessment (HAS)]. Rev Mal Respir 2016; 33:853-864. [PMID: 27266899 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In France, children with neuromuscular diseases and patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries receive reimbursement for home use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing and mechanical in-exsufflators devices. The aim of the study was to update the indications for reimbursement for these both devices. METHODS A literature review was conducted with several bibliographic databases using the main keywords: intermittent positive-pressure breathing, mechanical insufflation, mechanically-assisted cough, airway clearance. Nine health professionals were interviewed during two meetings. One health professional was interviewed via a questionnaire. An estimation of the population treated with in-exsufflators or intermittent positive-pressure breathing was undertaken from consumer data available for all beneficiaries of the health insurance system. STATE OF THE ART The review identified 111 references which included 14 clinical practice guidelines, two systematic reviews and one randomized controlled trial. Some clinical data were available. Clinical practice guidelines were in favor of using intermittent positive-pressure breathing and in-exsufflators in patients with neuromuscular disease and spinal cord injuries. The healthcare professionals emphasized the need to reimburse the patient for home use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing and in-exsufflators. The patient population treated in the identified clinical situations was estimated at 3100 per year. CONCLUSIONS Despite the low level of evidence and after interviewing healthcare professionals, the Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) recommended reimbursement of the costs of in-exsufflators (assisted coughing) and intermittent positive-pressure breathing (thoracic expansion) devices in adults and children with neurological and neuromuscular disease, including spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Auger
- Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine cedex, France.
| | - E Schapiro
- Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine cedex, France
| | - H Galmiche
- Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine cedex, France
| | - C Denis
- Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), 5, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 Saint-Denis-La-Plaine cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Walk J, Dinga P, Banda C, Msiska T, Chitsamba E, Chiwayula N, Lufesi N, Mlotha-Mitole R, Costello A, Phiri A, Colbourn T, McCollum ED, Lang HJ. Non-invasive ventilation with bubble CPAP is feasible and improves respiratory physiology in hospitalised Malawian children with acute respiratory failure. Paediatr Int Child Health 2016; 36:28-33. [PMID: 25434361 PMCID: PMC4449832 DOI: 10.1179/2046905514y.0000000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low-income countries and those with a high prevalence of HIV, respiratory failure is a common cause of death in children. However, the role of non-invasive ventilation with bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) in these patients is not well established. METHODS A prospective observational study of bCPAP was undertaken between July and September 2012 in 77 Malawian children aged 1 week to 14 years with progressive acute respiratory failure despite oxygen and antimicrobial therapy. RESULTS Forty-one (53%) patients survived following bCPAP treatment, and an HIV-uninfected single-organ disease subgroup demonstrated bCPAP success in 14 of 17 (82%). Compared with children aged ≧60 months, infants of 0-2 months had a 93% lower odds of bCPAP failure (odds ratio 0·07, 95% confidence interval 0·004-1·02, P = 0·05). Following commencement of bCPAP, respiratory physiology improved, the average respiratory rate decreased from 61 to 49 breaths/minute (P = 0·0006), and mean oxygen saturation increased from 92·1% to 96·1% (P = 0·02). CONCLUSIONS bCPAP was well accepted by caregivers and patients and can be feasibly implemented into a tertiary African hospital with high-risk patients and limited resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Walk
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - P. Dinga
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - C. Banda
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - T. Msiska
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - E. Chitsamba
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - N. Chiwayula
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - N. Lufesi
- Ministry of Health, Community Health Sciences Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | - A. Costello
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | - A. Phiri
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| | - T. Colbourn
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | - E. D. McCollum
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi,University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - H. J. Lang
- Department of Paediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rocchi S, Reboux G, Frossard V, Scherer E, Valot B, Laboissière A, Zaros C, Vacheyrou M, Gillet F, Roussel S, Raherison C, Millon L. Microbiological characterization of 3193 French dwellings of Elfe cohort children. Sci Total Environ 2015; 505:1026-1035. [PMID: 25461103 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although exposure to indoor microorganisms in early life has already been associated with respiratory illness or allergy protection, only a few studies have performed standardized samplings and specific microbial analysis. Moreover, most do not target the different groups of microorganisms involved in respiratory diseases (fungi, bacteria, dust mites). In our study, ten specific qPCR targets (6 fungal species, 1 family and 2 genera of bacteria, 1 house dust mite) were used to analyze the microorganism composition of electrostatic dust fall collector (EDC) from 3193 dwellings of the Elfe French cohort study. Multivariate analyses allowed us to show that the microbial composition of dwellings, assessed with simultaneous analysis of 10 microorganisms, can be characterized by four entities: three bacteria, house dust mite Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus, fungi Alternaria alternata, and five other molds. Some dwellings' intrinsic characteristics (occupational ratio, type of dwelling and presence of pets) clearly influence microorganism distribution, and six different profiles of dwellings, characterized by their composition in microorganisms, have been described across France. The use of these clusters seems promising in the evaluation of allergic risk. Allergic respiratory diseases will develop in the near future in some children of the Elfe cohort and will indicate to what extent our approach can be predictive of respiratory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rocchi
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - G Reboux
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France.
| | - V Frossard
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - E Scherer
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - B Valot
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - A Laboissière
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - C Zaros
- Elfe Consortium, INED, INSERM, EFS, 133 boulevard Davout, Paris, France
| | - M Vacheyrou
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - F Gillet
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - S Roussel
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - C Raherison
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital, Bordeaux, France; Occupational Health Environment Research Team, EA 3672, ISPED, Bordeaux 2 University, France
| | - L Millon
- Chrono-Environnement Research Team UMR/CNRS-6249-Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kayani S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Sultana S, Khan MPZ, Ashraf MA, Hussain J, Yaseen G. Ethnobotanical uses of medicinal plants for respiratory disorders among the inhabitants of Gallies - Abbottabad, Northern Pakistan. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 156:47-60. [PMID: 25153021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rich accessibility of medicinal plants in the study area provides low cost health care for respiratory disorders to local communities. This first report survey was commenced with an aim to document ethnic knowledge regarding the use of folk herbal medicine for respiratory diseases among the local communities of Gallies Abbottabad, Northern Pakistan using quantitative ethnobotanical approaches. METHOD Field survey was carried out over the period of 2 years i.e., March 2012-March 2014 in study area. The ethnomedicinal data was collected through interviews among the local communities. Documented data was evaluated using use value (UV) and Relative Frequency Citation (RFC). RESULTS A total of 120 species of plants belonging to 90 genera of 51 families were reported to be used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of 25 different respiratory disorders. Leaves were the most commonly used plant parts and most of the herbal medicines were prepared in the form of decoctions and administered orally. The most significant species according to their use value were Solanum virginianum (5.00), Althea officinalis (3.00), Inula obtusifolia (3.00), Saxifraga hirculus (3.00) and Sisymbrium erysimoides (3.00). CONCLUSION This study reported traditional herbal medicines for the first time to be used against respiratory disorders in the Gallies, Northern Pakistan are still in common practice by the local communities. Some of the new ethnobotanical claims documented in this investigation should need to be further explore clinically. The medicinal plants with highest use values recorded in this study may signpost the probable existence of valuable phytochemical compounds that requires a search for prospective new drugs to cure many respiratory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Kayani
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
This study confirms the fact that in different respiratory disorders, the status of plasma oxidants and antioxidants shifts from normal. The status of oxidants in plasma as represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly in the conditions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma. The two vitamin antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E showed decreased levels than in controls. In patients with COPD the endogenous antioxidant viz. reduced glutathione (GSH) estimated from whole blood was comparable to that of control group, whereas in patients with emphysema, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma, GSH concentration was increased to that of control group. The activity of enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased in all study groups. Pulmonary function tests were found to have no correlation with MDA and antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghunath R Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Sion, 400022 Mumbai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alavi A, Shakiba M, Nejad AT, Massahnia S, Shiari A. Respiratory findings in dental laboratory technicians in rasht (north of iran). Tanaffos 2011; 10:44-9. [PMID: 25191362 PMCID: PMC4153148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several occupations that can expose people to some air pollutants. Dental technicians are exposed to inorganic dust and chemical vapors when making dental prosthesis that can put them at risk for respiratory problems. This study was performed to assess respiratory dysfunction in a group of dental technicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study designed to ascertain the prevalence of respiratory disorders in dental laboratory technicians in Rasht, a city located in north of Iran. A Structured questionnaire was adapted according to the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire and used to elicit information regarding sociodemographic characteristics and medical status of the study participants. The ventilation status, protective measures and direct exposure to materials in the laboratories were directly observed by the observers and subjects underwent respiratory tests and chest x-ray. RESULTS The mean age of dental technicians was 31.31 yrs (range 18-56 years) and 83% were males with a mean dental work experience of 9.04 years. In 54.8% of cases, the work environment did not have air conditioning system. The most common signs and symptoms were cough (38.1%) and wheezing (16.7%). There was a significant correlation between smoking and respiratory signs. Restrictive airway pattern and air trapping were two prevalent findings which were observed in 85.7% and 33.3% of the subjects. Cigarette smoking had a negative effect on FEV1, FEF25%-75%, and TLC causing a significant reduction in all three parameters (p < 0.05). The most prevalent finding was interstitial opacity which was observed in 10 individuals (23.8%). This finding was not significantly associated with age, gender, cigarette smoking, or daily work hours. However, there was a significant statistical association between work experience and interstitial opacity. CONCLUSION The prevalence of respiratory dysfunction and chest x-ray findings were high as in several similar studies. In order to reduce the hazards of respiratory disorders in risky occupations and provide dental workers with technical preventive measures, a more comprehensive study should be conducted throughout the country and further evaluations through biopsy and CT-scan need to be performed in suspicious cases when necessary.
Collapse
|