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Jin A, Wang Y, Tong L, Liu G, Feng J, Li Y, Shen C, Wu W. Coumarins and flavones from Ficus erecta and their anti-inflammatory activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118472. [PMID: 38901681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ficus erecta, a traditional Chinese She Ethnomedicine, has been historically utilized to treat various inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, nephritis, and osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for its anti-inflammatory activity, as well as its active components, largely remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this research was to investigate the chemical constituents of F. erecta that contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coumarins and flavones were obtained from the 95% EtOH extract of F. erecta using virous column chromatography and reversed-phase semipreparative HPLC. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic methods, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and CD experiments. Cultured macrophage RAW264.7 cells were utilized for the anti-inflammatory experiments. MTT cell viability assay, Griess reagent method, ELISA, and Western blot experiments were employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and investigate the related mechanism. RESULTS Four new (1-4) and eleven previously identified (5-16) coumarins, together with one new (17) and six known flavones (18-23) were isolated from the whole plant of F. erecta. Compounds 7 and 17 significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production without cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, compounds 7 and 17 reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot analysis indicated that compounds 7 and 17 suppressed the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and p-IκBα in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. CONCLUSION The current phytochemical investigations revealed that coumarins and flavones represent the primary chemical constituents of F. erecta. Compounds 7 and 17 exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties, linked with the inhibition of NF-κB activation by preventing the degradation of IκBα phosphorylation. These compounds may serve as promising candidates for treating or preventing certain inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Lingfei Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Jinglin Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Chengying Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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2
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Dutra FA, Francisco CS, Carneiro Pires B, Borges MM, Torres ALH, Resende VA, Mateus MF, Cipriano DF, Miguez FB, Freitas JCC, Teixeira J, Borges WDS, Guimarães L, da Cunha EF, Ramalho TDC, Nascimento CS, De Sousa FB, Costa RA, Lacerda V, Borges KB. Coumarin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Promote Acceleration and Improvement of Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30900-30914. [PMID: 38848495 PMCID: PMC11194811 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Coumarins have great pharmacotherapeutic potential, presenting several biological and pharmaceutical applications, like antibiotic, fungicidal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-HIV, and healing activities, among others. These molecules are practically insoluble in water, and for biological applications, it became necessary to complex them with cyclodextrins (CDs), which influence their bioavailability in the target organism. In this work, we studied two coumarins, and it was possible to conclude that there were structural differences between 4,7-dimethyl-2H-chromen-2-one (DMC) and 7-methoxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one (MMC)/β-CD that were solubilized in ethanol, frozen, and lyophilized (FL) and the mechanical mixtures (MM). In addition, the inclusion complex formation improved the solubility of DMC and MMC in an aqueous medium. According to the data, the inclusion complexes were formed and are more stable at a molar ratio of 2:1 coumarin/β-CD, and hydrogen bonds along with π-π stacking interactions are responsible for the better stability, especially for (MMC)2@β-CD. In vivo wound healing studies in mice showed faster re-epithelialization and the best deposition of collagen with the (DMC)2@β-CD (FL) and (MMC)2@β-CD (FL) inclusion complexes, demonstrating clearly that they have potential in wound repair. Therefore, (DMC)2@β-CD (FL) deserves great attention because it presented excellent results, reducing the granulation tissue and mast cell density and improving collagen remodeling. Finally, the protein binding studies suggested that the anti-inflammatory activities might exert their biological function through the inhibition of MEK, providing the possibility of development of new MEK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia
Viana Avelar Dutra
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carla Santana Francisco
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, S/N, Goiabeiras, 29060-900 Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carneiro Pires
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcella Matos
Cordeiro Borges
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Horta Torres
- Departamento
de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São
João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João
del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Alexandra Resende
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcella Fernandes
Mano Mateus
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Cipriano
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal do
Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, S/N, Goiabeiras, 29060-900 Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Bastos Miguez
- Instituto
de Física e Química, Universidade
Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903 Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jair Carlos Checon
de Freitas
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal do
Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, S/N, Goiabeiras, 29060-900 Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jéssika
Poliana Teixeira
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Lavras, Campus Universitário, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Warley de Souza Borges
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, S/N, Goiabeiras, 29060-900 Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Guimarães
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Teodorico de Castro Ramalho
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Lavras, Campus Universitário, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clebio Soares Nascimento
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frederico Barros De Sousa
- Instituto
de Física e Química, Universidade
Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903 Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel Alves Costa
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, S/N, Goiabeiras, 29060-900 Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Keyller Bastos Borges
- Departamento
de Ciências Naturais, Universidade
Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio
74, Fábricas, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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3
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Younes AH, Mustafa YF. Plant-Derived Coumarins: A Narrative Review of Their Structural and Biomedical Diversity. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400344. [PMID: 38587035 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived coumarin (PDC) is a naturally occurring heterocyclic backbone that belongs to the benzopyrone family. PDC and its based products are characterized by low toxicity and high distribution in a variety of herbal treatments that have numerous therapeutic potentials. These include anticoagulants, antibacterials, anti-inflammatory agents, anticancer agents, antioxidants, and others. So, it may be appropriate to investigate the qualities and potential bioactivities of PDCs. This article provides an overview of the biomedical potentials, availability, and clinical use possibilities of PDCs, with a focus on their important modes of action, using information on various pharmacological qualities discovered. The data used in this study came from published research between 2015 and 2023. We reviewed a selection of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, during that period. In conclusion, because of their abundance in medicinal plants, the clinical biochemistry attributes of PDCs are currently of interest. In a variety of medical specialties, PDCs serve a useful role as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Hazem Younes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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4
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Shah B, Solanki N. Aegeline attenuates TNBS-induced colitis by suppressing the NFƙB-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01493-0. [PMID: 38767762 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine, ulcerative colitis (UC), is challenging to successfully manage once diagnosed. Currently, available medical therapies for UC exhibit minimal efficacy with unacceptable side effects, while inventive biological agents are expensive and yet not well accepted by patients. Discovering more effective and safer treatments to treat UC is therefore essential. One of the primary alkaloids found in Aegle marmelos, aegeline, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as being able to suppress several pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for inflammation. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aegeline in alleviating 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis through the NFƙB-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Mice were randomly allocated into six groups, Normal control (NC), Model control (MC-TNBS, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid), STD (TNBS + sulfasalazine 100 mg/kg), AG1, AG2, and AG3 (TNBS + aegeline 5, 10, 20 mg/kg) respectively. Physical parameters such as a change in body weight, stool consistency, rectal bleeding, colon length, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and disease activity index (DAI) were assessed and supporting gene expression studies of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes were evaluated and histopathological changes observed. Administration of aegeline (10, 20 mg/kg) was found to be effective in colon protection by lowering the disease activity score and myeloperoxidase level and improving other physical parameters. Aegeline in high dose significantly downregulated the gene expression of NFƙB, iNOS, COX-2, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18, conferring great anti-inflammatory potential. Suggestive of the findings, aegeline reduced the damage to the colon by downregulating transcriptional genes and enzymes leading to inflammation and mitigated TNBS-induced colitis probably through the NFƙB-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyabhumi Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India.
| | - Nilay Solanki
- Department of Pharmacology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India.
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5
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Yang MJ, Zhang YN, Qiao Z, Xu RY, Chen SM, Hu P, Yu HL, Pan Y, Cao J. An investigation into the HIF-dependent intestinal barrier protective mechanism of Qingchang Wenzhong decoction in ulcerative colitis management. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117807. [PMID: 38280661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory disease affecting the colon and rectum with an etiology that remains elusive. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used on long-term UC treatment to better maintain the efficacy than traditional aminosalicylic acid or glucocorticosteroids and to ease financial burden of patients. Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction (QCWZD) is a modern TCM decoction with established clinical efficacy but the mechanism of its protection on intestinal barrier function remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Current findings highlight that the activation of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway can facilitate the repair of intestinal epithelium barrier. This study is to investigate the protective effects of QCWZD and its HIF-targeted ingredients on hypoxia-dependent intestinal barrier. METHODS The mice model of UC was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Disease activity index (DAI) and histopathology scores and colon length were used to measure the severity of colitis. The DAO activity in serum and protein expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins were detected to explore the function of intestinal barrier. The protein levels of HIF-1α and its downstream gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured as well. HIF-targeted active ingredients in QCWZD were selected by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Protective effects of six constituents on HIF-related anti-oxidative and barrier protective pathway were evaluated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HT29 and RAW264.7 cells, through the measurement of the production of ROS and mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. HIF-1α knockdown was carried out to explore the correlation of protection effects with HIF-related pathway of the active ingredients. RESULTS QCWZD effectively alleviated colitis induced by DSS and demonstrated a protective effect on intestinal barrier function by upregulating HIF-related pathways. Six specific ingredients in QCWZD, targeting HIF, successfully reduced the production of cellular ROS and proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced cells. It is noteworthy that the barrier protection provided by these molecules is intricately linked with the HIF-related pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates the HIF-related molecular mechanism of QCWZD in protecting the function of the epithelial barrier. Six compounds targeting the activation of the HIF-dependent pathway were demonstrated to unveil a novel therapeutic approach for managing UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Juan Yang
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Nuo Zhang
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui-Ying Xu
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Si-Min Chen
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Po Hu
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Li Yu
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jing Cao
- School of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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6
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Wu PQ, Li Y, Ren YH, Zhou JS, Liu QF, Wu Y, Yu JH, Zhou B, Yue JM. Anti-Inflammatory Salicin Derivatives from the Barks of Salix tetrasperma. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38602386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The genus Salix L. is traditionally used in folk medicine to alleviate pain caused by various kinds of inflammation. In the present study, 10 undescribed salicin derivatives along with 5 known congeners were isolated from the barks of Salix tetrasperma, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and chemical conversions. Compounds 4-6 significantly inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, and the most active 4 obviously suppressed the production of IL-1β and IL-6 and decreased iNOS and COX-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Further Western blotting analysis revealed that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 4 is possibly mediated through the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Su Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hai Yu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Li JX, Shang RY, Xie DD, Luo XC, Hu TY, Cheng BH, Lin HW, Jiao WH. Arenarialins A-F, Anti-inflammatory Meroterpenoids with Rearranged Skeletons from the Marine Sponge Dysidea arenaria. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:396-403. [PMID: 38330072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Six new sesquiterpene quinone/hydroquinone meroterpenoids, arenarialins A-F (1-6), were isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea arenaria collected from the South China Sea. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were determined by HRMS and NMR data analyses coupled with DP4+ and ECD calculations. Arenarialin A (1) features an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/5/6 carbon skeleton, whereas arenarialins B-D (2-4) possess two rare secomeroterpene scaffolds. Arenarialins A-F showed inhibitory activity on the production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages with arenarialin D regulating the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Li
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ru-Yi Shang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiang-Chao Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Tian-Yong Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Otolaryngology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Otolaryngology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jiao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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8
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Wang J, Liu Y, Guo Y, Liu C, Yang Y, Fan X, Yang H, Liu Y, Ma T. Function and inhibition of P38 MAP kinase signaling: Targeting multiple inflammation diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115973. [PMID: 38103797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural host defense mechanism that protects the body from pathogenic microorganisms. A growing body of research suggests that inflammation is a key factor in triggering other diseases (lung injury, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.). However, there is no consensus on the complex mechanism of inflammatory response, which may include enzyme activation, mediator release, and tissue repair. In recent years, p38 MAPK, a member of the MAPKs family, has attracted much attention as a central target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, many p38 MAPK inhibitors attempting to obtain marketing approval have failed at the clinical trial stage due to selectivity and/or toxicity issues. In this paper, we discuss the mechanism of p38 MAPK in regulating inflammatory response and its key role in major inflammatory diseases and summarize the synthetic or natural products targeting p38 MAPK to improve the inflammatory response in the last five years, which will provide ideas for the development of novel clinical anti-inflammatory drugs based on p38 MAPK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yushi Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Cen Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongliu Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Tao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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9
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Shkoor M, Thotathil V, Al-Zoubi RM, Su HL, Bani-Yaseen AD. Combined experimental and computational investigations of the fluorosolvatochromism of chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine derivatives: Effect of the methoxy substitution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123210. [PMID: 37536243 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on the spectral properties of chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine derivatives, owing to their potential applications in sensing, optoelectronic devices, and drug discovery. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the fluorosolvatochromism of selected chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine derivatives, with a particular emphasis on the impact of methoxy substitution. Three derivatives were synthesized and subjected to spectral analysis: chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylate (I) as the parent compound, and its 7-methoxy (II) and 8-methoxy (III) substituted derivatives.The UV-Vis absorption spectra of all derivatives exhibited a broad band with a maximum absorption wavelength that remained unaffected by the surrounding medium. However, distinct fluorescence properties were observed among them. Specifically, derivative II displayed notable fluorescence, while derivatives I and III exhibited no fluorescence properties. Furthermore, derivative II exhibited a fluorescence spectrum that is significantly influenced by the polarity of the medium. To investigate the fluorosolvatochromic behavior in depth, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using various neat solvents with different polarities and hydrogen bonding capabilities. The results obtained revealed a significant positive fluorosolvatochromism, with a bathochromic shift in the fluorescence spectrum as the solvent polarity increased. To understand how specific and non-specific interactions between the solute and the solvent affected the fluorosolvatochromism of II, we employed the four empirical scales model of Catalán. The obtained results demonstrated that intramolecular charge transfer played a crucial role in the fluorescence behavior of II. To provide a molecular-level explanation for the experimental spectral properties, we utilized the DFT and TD-DFT/B3LYP/6-31 + G(d) computational methods with the IEFPCM implicit solvation approach. The spectral differences between II and III were rationalized in terms of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs: the HOMO and LUMO), where distinct natures were observed among the examined derivatives. This study offers valuable insights into the impact of methoxy substitution on the physical and chemical properties of chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine derivatives, specifically concerning their spectral properties as elucidated by their fluorosolvatochromic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Shkoor
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, Faculty of Arts & Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Vandana Thotathil
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, Faculty of Arts & Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raed M Al-Zoubi
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Haw-Lih Su
- Department of Nature Biotechnology, Nanhua University, Chiayi County 62249, Taiwan
| | - Abdulilah Dawoud Bani-Yaseen
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, Faculty of Arts & Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Mao J, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wu T, Jin Y, Meng J, Zhang M. Sea Cucumber Peptide Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium by Alleviating Gut Microbiota Imbalance and Regulating miR-155/SOCS1 Axis in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:3434. [PMID: 37761144 PMCID: PMC10530247 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea cucumber peptides have been proven to exhibit a variety of biological activities. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease characterized by diffuse inflammation of the mucosa of the rectum and colon with increasing incidence and long duration, and is difficult to cure. The effect of sea cucumber peptide on UC is currently unknown. In this study, 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was added to the drinking water of mice to induce a UC model, and the daily doses of sea cucumber peptide (SP) solution of 200 mg/kg·BW, 500 mg/kg·BW, and 1000 mg/kg·BW were given to UC mice to detect the relieving effect of SP. The results showed that SP can reduce the disease activity index (DAI) of UC mice induced by DSS and can alleviate colon shortening, intestinal tissue damage, and the loss of intestinal tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin). SP decreased the spleen index, pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in UC mice. SP can alleviate the imbalance of gut microbiota in UC mice, increase the abundance of the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, and Ligilactobacillus, and reduce the abundance of Bacteroides and the Eubacterium rum group, as well as alleviating the decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in the feces of UC mice. Notably, SP inhibited miR-155 expression in the colon tissue of UC mice and increased its target protein, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), which acts as an inflammatory inhibitor. In summary, the ameliorative effect of SP on UC may be achieved by improving the imbalance of gut microbiota and regulating the miR-155/SOCS1 axis. This study provides a new idea for developing SP as a nutritional supplement to maintain intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Yunjiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lechen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Min Zhang
- China−Russia Agricultural Products Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
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11
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Jiao WH, Li JX, Liu HY, Luo XC, Hu TY, Shi GH, Xie DD, Chen HF, Cheng BH, Lin HW. Dysambiol, an Anti-inflammatory Secomeroterpenoid from a Dysidea sp. Marine Sponge. Org Lett 2023; 25:6391-6395. [PMID: 37610094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
An unusual secomeroterpenoid, dysambiol (1), was isolated from a Dysidea sp. marine sponge collected from the South China Sea. Dysambiol features an unprecedented secomeroterpene scaffold with a rare lactone bridge. The structure of 1 was determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, Mosher's method, and electronic circular dichroism calculation. Dysambiol displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages by regulating the NF-κB/MPAK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Jiao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang-Chao Luo
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Tian-Yong Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T., Institute of E.N.T., Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Guo-Hua Shi
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T., Institute of E.N.T., Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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12
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Wang Y, Shao Z, Song C, Zhou H, Zhao J, Zong K, Zhou G, Meng D. Clinopodium chinense Kuntze ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by reducing systematic inflammation and regulating metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116330. [PMID: 36868438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clinopodium chinense Kuntze (CC), traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, and hemostatic activities, has been used to treat dysentery and bleeding diseases for thousands of years, which are similar to the symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC). AIM OF THE STUDY To obtain a novel treatment for UC, an integrated strategy was developed in this study to investigate the effect and mechanism of CC against UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical characterization of CC was scanned by UPLC-MS/MS. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to predict the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of CC against UC. Further, the results of network pharmacology were validated using LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and DSS-induced UC mice. The production of pro-inflammatory mediators and biochemical parameters was tested using the ELISA kits. The expression of NF-κB, COX-2, and iNOS proteins was evaluated using Western blot analysis. Body weight, disease activity index, colon length, histopathological examination, and metabolomics analysis in colon tissues were carried out to confirm the effect and mechanism of CC. RESULTS Based on the chemical characterization and literature collection, a rich database of ingredients in CC was constructed. Network pharmacology analysis provided five core components as well as revealed that the mechanism of CC against UC was highly related to inflammation, especially the NF-κB signaling pathway. In vitro experiments showed CC could inhibit inflammation by LPS-TLR4-NF-κB-iNOS/COX-2 signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, in vivo experimental results proved that CC significantly alleviated pathological features with increased body weight and colonic length, decreased DAI and oxidative damage, as well as mediated inflammatory factors like NO, PGE2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-ɑ. In addition, colon metabolomics analysis revealed CC could restore the abnormal endogenous metabolite levels in UC. 18 screened biomarkers were further enriched in four pathways including Arachidonic acid metabolism, Histidine metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism as well as the Pentose phosphate pathway. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CC could alleviate UC by reducing systematic inflammation and regulating metabolism, which is beneficial for providing scientific data for the development of UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Zhutao Shao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Ce Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Hongxu Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jiaming Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Kunqi Zong
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Guangxin Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dali Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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13
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Di Stasi LC. Natural Coumarin Derivatives Activating Nrf2 Signaling Pathway as Lead Compounds for the Design and Synthesis of Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040511. [PMID: 37111267 PMCID: PMC10142712 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor related to stress response and cellular homeostasis that plays a key role in maintaining the redox system. The imbalance of the redox system is a triggering factor for the initiation and progression of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Nrf2 and its inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) are the main regulators of oxidative stress and their activation has been recognized as a promising strategy for the treatment or prevention of several acute and chronic diseases. Moreover, activation of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway promotes inhibition of NF-κB, a transcriptional factor related to pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, synchronically promoting an anti-inflammatory response. Several natural coumarins have been reported as potent antioxidant and intestinal anti-inflammatory compounds, acting by different mechanisms, mainly as a modulator of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, this review focuses on the natural coumarins obtained from both plant products and fermentative processes of food plants by gut microbiota, which activate Nrf2/keap signaling pathway and produce intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. Although gut metabolites urolithin A and urolithin B as well as other plant-derived coumarins display intestinal anti-inflammatory activity modulating Nrf2 signaling pathway, in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary for better pharmacological characterization and evaluation of their potential as lead compounds. Esculetin, 4-methylesculetin, daphnetin, osthole, and imperatorin are the most promising coumarin derivatives as lead compounds for the design and synthesis of Nrf2 activators with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. However, further structure-activity relationships studies with coumarin derivatives in experimental models of intestinal inflammation and subsequent clinical trials in health and disease volunteers are essential to determine the efficacy and safety in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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14
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Cai C, Cheng W, Shi T, Liao Y, Zhou M, Liao Z. Rutin alleviates colon lesions and regulates gut microbiota in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4897. [PMID: 36966186 PMCID: PMC10039872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder that has become a major health problem worldwide. In this study, we investigated the role of rutin in attenuating diabetes and preventing diabetes-related colon lesions in mice potentially through regulation of gut microbiota. The rutin from tartary buckwheat as analyzed by HPLC was administered intragastrically to diabetic mice, and then the biochemical parameters, overall community structure and composition of gut microbiota in diabetic mice were assayed. The results showed that rutin lowered serum glucose and improved serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride concentrations, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and serum insulin in diabetic mice. Notably, rutin obviously alleviated colon lesions in diabetic mice. Moreover, rutin also significantly regulated gut microbiota dysbiosis and enriched beneficial microbiota, such as Akkermansia (p < 0.05). Rutin selectively increased short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, such as Alistipes (p < 0.05) and Roseburia (p < 0.05), and decreased the abundance of diabetes-related gut microbiota, such as Escherichia (p < 0.05) and Mucispirillum (p < 0.05). Our data suggested that rutin exerted an antidiabetic effect and alleviated colon lesions in diabetic mice possibly by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis, which might be a potential mechanism through which rutin alleviates diabetes-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cifeng Cai
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueling Liao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Liao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Zhou Y, Wang D, Yan W. Treatment Effects of Natural Products on Inflammatory Bowel Disease In Vivo and Their Mechanisms: Based on Animal Experiments. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041031. [PMID: 36839389 PMCID: PMC9967064 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory disease of the intestine that can be classified as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Currently, the incidence of IBD is still increasing in developing countries. However, current treatments for IBD have limitations and do not fully meet the needs of patients. There is a growing demand for new, safe, and highly effective alternative drugs for IBD patients. Natural products (NPs) are used in drug development and disease treatment because of their broad biological activity, low toxicity, and low side effects. Numerous studies have shown that some NPs have strong therapeutic effects on IBD. In this paper, we first reviewed the pathogenesis of IBD as well as current therapeutic approaches and drugs. Further, we summarized the therapeutic effects of 170 different sources of NPs on IBD and generalized their modes of action and therapeutic effects. Finally, we analyzed the potential mechanisms of NPs for the treatment of IBD. The aim of our review is to provide a systematic and credible summary, thus supporting the research on NPs for the treatment of IBD and providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of NPs in drugs and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Diandian Wang
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6238-8926
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16
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Isodorsmanin A Prevents Inflammatory Response in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages by Inhibiting the JNK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1601-1612. [PMID: 36826048 PMCID: PMC9955109 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural and synthetic chalcones exhibit anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antitubercular activities. Isodorsmanin A (IDA), a chalcone, is a well-known constituent of the dried seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PC). Although other constituents of PC have been widely investigated, there are no studies on the biological properties of IDA. In this study, we focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of IDA and evaluated its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The results showed that IDA suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide [NO] and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) without cytotoxicity. In addition, it downregulated the mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) within the treatment concentrations. In our mechanistic studies, IDA inhibited the phosphorylation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and protected the nuclear factor of the kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in the B-cells' inhibitor, alpha (IκB-α), from degradation, thus preventing the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells' (NF-κB) transcription factor. Our results suggest that IDA is a promising compound for attenuating excessive inflammatory responses.
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17
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Osthole Alleviates D-Galactose-Induced Liver Injury In Vivo via the TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010443. [PMID: 36615637 PMCID: PMC9824625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Osthole, a coumarin derivative, is found in several medicinal herbs. However, the protective effects of osthole against D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced liver injury still remain unclear. In this study, osthole treatment effectively reversed D-Gal-induced liver injury, according to the results of liver HE staining, and improved ALT and AST activities. Feeding with D-Gal significantly increased MDA content, and reduced the level or activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, which were all alleviated by osthole intervention. Meanwhile, osthole treatment significantly inhibited the D-Gal-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, in both serum and liver tissue. Investigations revealed that osthole ameliorated the D-Gal-induced activation of TLR4, MYD88 and its downstream signaling pathways of MAPK (p38 and JNK) and NF-κB (nucleus p65). Therefore, osthole mediates a protective effect against D-Gal-induced liver injury via the TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB pathways, and this coumarin derivative could be developed as a candidate bioactive component for functional food.
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18
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Investigating the Mechanisms of Bisdemethoxycurcumin in Ulcerative Colitis: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010068. [PMID: 36615264 PMCID: PMC9822216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that is hard to cure once diagnosed. Bisdemethoxycurcumin has shown positive effects on inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying bioactive interaction between bisdemethoxycurcumin and ulcerative colitis is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the core target and potential mechanism of action of bisdemethoxycurcumin as a therapy for ulcerative colitis. The public databases were used to identify potential targets for bisdemethoxycurcumin and ulcerative colitis. To investigate the potential mechanisms, the protein-protein interaction network, gene ontology analysis, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis have been carried out. Subsequently, experimental verification was conducted to confirm the findings. A total of 132 intersecting genes of bisdemethoxycurcumin, as well as ulcerative coli-tis-related targets, were obtained. SRC, EGFR, AKT1, and PIK3R1 were the targets of highest potential, and the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways may be essential for the treatment of ulcerative colitis by bisdemethoxycurcumin. Molecular docking demonstrated that bisdemethoxycurcumin combined well with SRC, EGFR, PIK3R1, and AKT1. Moreover, the in vitro experiments suggested that bisdemethoxycurcumin might reduce LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. Our study provided a comprehensive overview of the potential targets and molecular mechanism of bisdemethoxycurcumin against ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it also provided a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis, as well as compelling evidence for further study on the mechanism of bisdemethoxycurcumin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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19
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Kumar S, Singh R, Dutta D, Chandel S, Bhattacharya A, Ravichandiran V, Sukla S. In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Methanolic Extract of Justicia adhatoda Leaves with Special Emphasis on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238222. [PMID: 36500313 PMCID: PMC9737760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are being targeted as alternative anticancer agents due to their non-toxic and safe nature. The present study was conducted to explore the in vitro anticancer potential of Justicia adhatoda (J. adhatoda) leaf extract. The methanolic leaf extract was prepared, and the phytochemicals and antioxidant potential were determined by LCMS analysis and DPPH radical scavenging assay, respectively. A docking study performed with five major alkaloidal phytoconstituents showed that they had a good binding affinity towards the active site of NF-κB. Cell viability assay was carried out in five different cell lines, and the extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in MCF-7, a breast cancer cell line. Extract-treated cells showed a significant increase in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production. Cell cycle analysis showed an arrest in cell growth at the Sub-G0 phase. The extract successfully inhibited cell migration and colony formation and altered mitochondrial membrane potential. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione were also found to decrease in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage of apoptotic cells was found to increase in a dose-dependent manner in MCF-7 cells. The expressions of caspase-3, Bax, and cleaved-PARP were increased in extract-treated cells. An increase in the expression of NF-κB was found in the cytoplasm in extract-treated cells. J. adhatoda leaf extract showed a potential anticancer effect in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Debrupa Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Shivani Chandel
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Arka Bhattacharya
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (S.S.); Tel.: +91-8697-508870 (S.S.)
| | - Soumi Sukla
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (S.S.); Tel.: +91-8697-508870 (S.S.)
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Yu X, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Chen Y, Yang W. Natural products as sources of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis, biological activities, and molecular docking studies of osthole-based ester derivatives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1054650. [PMID: 36466282 PMCID: PMC9716088 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1054650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Osthole is a natural coumarin compound which isolated from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, has extensive pharmacological activities and could be used as a leading compound for drug research and development. In a continuous effort to develop new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from natural products, eighteen osthole esters were designed, synthesized, and confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The anti-AChE activity of These derivatives was measured at a concentration of 1.0 mol/mL in vitro by Ellman's method, and the result showed that 4m and 4o had moderate inhibitory activities with 68.8% and 62.6%, respectively. Molecular docking study results further revealed AChE interacted optimally with docking poses 4m and 4o. Network pharmacology also predicted that compound 4m could be involved in Ras signaling pathway, which made it a potential therapeutic target of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
| | - Yafang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
| | - Wude Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicne, Guiyang, China
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Chen L, Yu D, Ling S, Xu JW. Mechanism of tonifying-kidney Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988360. [PMID: 36172573 PMCID: PMC9510640 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), chronic heart failure has the basic pathological characteristics of “heart-kidney yang deficiency.” Chronic heart failure with heart- and kidney-Yang deficiency has good overlap with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III and IV. Traditional Chinese medicine classical prescriptions for the treatment of chronic heart failure often take “warming and tonifying kidney-Yang” as the core, supplemented by herbal compositions with functions of “promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis.” Nowadays, there are still many classical and folk prescriptions for chronic heart failure treatment, such as Zhenwu decoction, Bushen Huoxue decoction, Shenfu decoction, Sini decoction, as well as Qili Qiangxin capsule. This review focuses on classical formulations and their active constituents that play a key role in preventing chronic heart failure by suppressing inflammation and modulating immune and neurohumoral factors. In addition, given that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming has intimate relation with inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis, the regulatory role of classical prescriptions and their active components in metabolic reprogramming, including glycolysis and lipid β-oxidation, is also presented. Although the exact mechanism is unknown, the classical TCM prescriptions still have good clinical effects in treating chronic heart failure. This review will provide a modern pharmacological explanation for its mechanism and offer evidence for clinical medication by combining TCM syndrome differentiation with chronic heart failure clinical stages.
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Zheng S, Xue T, Wang B, Guo H, Liu Q. Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: The Mechanisms of Signaling Pathway Regulations. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1781-1798. [PMID: 35950375 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common clinical inflammatory bowel disease characterized by repeated attacks, difficult treatment, and great harm to the physical and mental health of the patients. The occurrence and development of UC were closely related to the physiological and pathological processes, such as intestinal inflammatory reaction, oxidizing reaction, and immune response. Treatment of ulcerative colitis using Western medicine is often associated with a number of limitations and adverse events. There is a long history of using traditional Chinese medicine in dealing with this medical condition. Commonly used traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of UC include Caulis Sargentodoxae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Cnidii, etc. Additionally, classic prescriptions such as Gegen Qinlian Formulae and Zuojin Pills can also be used to treat UC. To enrich the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the cognitive theory and perspective of network pharmacology and bioinformatics research of cell signal transduction mechanism of UC are emerging rapidly. Modern pharmacological studies focus on underlying mechanisms for the management of UC with Chinese medicine monomers, single Chinese medicines, and traditional Chinese medicine formulations, alleviating the symptoms of UC, controlling the development of intestinal inflammation, and restoring intestinal function through the regulation of key molecular signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, NF-[Formula: see text]B, JAK/STAT, MAPK and Notch. By summarizing current research progressions, this review provides key references for the in-depth exploration of the mechanisms focused on signaling pathways for the clinical management of UC using traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Zheng
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Xue
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, P. R. China
| | - Haolin Guo
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, P. R. China
| | - Qiquan Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, P. R. China
- Department of Spleen and Stomach, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Li BG, Su YH, Zhao RX, Song P, Li H, Cui XH, Gao HM, Zhai RX, Fu XJ, Ren X. Potential activity of Traditional Chinese Medicine against Ulcerative colitis: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115084. [PMID: 35134488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNIC PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plant materials are used as complementary and alternative therapies all over the world for the treatment of various diseases. Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease listed as one of the modern refractory diseases by the World Health Organization, has a long course, is challenging to cure, and is prone to cause cancer. Recent years have witnessed a growing trend of applying traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to UC. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review presents an overview of the pathogenesis of UC and reports the therapeutic effect of TCM on UC (including TCM prescriptions, single TCM, and treatments using TCM ingredients) to provide a theoretical basis for the use of TCM in treating UC. METHODS We performed a collection and collation of relevant scientific articles from different scientific databases regarding TCM and its usefulness in treating UC. In this paper, the therapeutic effect of TCM is summarized and analyzed according to the existing experimental and clinical research. RESULTS There are positive signs that TCM primarily regulates inflammatory cytokines, intestinal flora, and the immune system, and also protects the intestinal mucosa. Hence, it can play a role in treating UC. CONCLUSION TCM has a definite curative effect in the treatment of UC. It can alleviate and treat UC in a variety of ways. We should take syndrome differentiation and treatment differentiation as the basis. With the help of modern medicine, TCM's clinical curative effects can be enhanced for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Bao-Guo Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yu-Hua Su
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Zhao
- TCM Specialty Class 4, 2018, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Peng Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Hui Li
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xin-Hai Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Hong-Mei Gao
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Run-Xiang Zhai
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xian-Jun Fu
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Xia Ren
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Qingdao Academy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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The Role of Osthole on TGF- β-Induced Lung Epithelium Apoptosis Injury and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Mediated Airway Remodeling in Pediatric Asthma. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7099097. [PMID: 35368934 PMCID: PMC8970801 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7099097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osthole, a coumarin compound derived from Fructus Cnidii, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in an asthma model. But the effect of osthole on epithelial injury and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in asthma remains unclear. 16HBE cells were incubated with TGF-β1 with or without osthole in vitro. Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mouse model was established in vivo. Cell counting kit-8 was carried out to evaluate the viability of 16HBE cells. The impact of osthole on TGF-β1-evoked cell apoptosis and EMT process was measured by flow cytometry based on Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, transwell assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. The regulatory role of osthole in TGF-β1/Smad and p38, ERK1/2, and JNK MAPK signaling was detected via Western blot. Osthole treatment significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced 16HBE cell apoptosis, verified by a reduced percentage of apoptotic cells, decreased expression of proapoptotic proteins (cleaved-caspase3 and Bax), and enhanced antiapoptotic factor (Bcl-2) expression. In addition, the promotive impact of TGF-β1 on the migration of 16HBE cells was reversed by osthole, accompanied by elevated E-cadherin expression and reduced Snail and N-cadherin expression. The activation of the Smad2/3 and MAPKs pathway evoked by TGF-β1 was inhibited by osthole in 16HBE cells. We also found that osthole mitigated airway epithelium injury and subepithelial fibrosis in OVA-challenged asthmatic mice in vivo. Osthole could mitigate TGF-β1-induced epithelial cell injury and EMT process by suppressing the activation of MAPK and Smad2/3 pathways separately. Our present study showed a new insight into understanding the underlying mechanism of osthole injury on epithelium injury and subepithelial fibrosis in airway remodeling. Asthma, epithelial injury, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and airway remodeling are the effects of osthole on airway remodeling.
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A Review of the Recent Developments of Molecular Hybrids Targeting Tubulin Polymerization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074001. [PMID: 35409361 PMCID: PMC8999808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are cylindrical protein polymers formed from αβ-tubulin heterodimers in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Microtubule disturbance may cause cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and anomalous mitotic spindles will form. Microtubules are an important target for cancer drug action because of their critical role in mitosis. Several microtubule-targeting agents with vast therapeutic advantages have been developed, but they often lead to multidrug resistance and adverse side effects. Thus, single-target therapy has drawbacks in the effective control of tubulin polymerization. Molecular hybridization, based on the amalgamation of two or more pharmacophores of bioactive conjugates to engender a single molecular structure with enhanced pharmacokinetics and biological activity, compared to their parent molecules, has recently become a promising approach in drug development. The practical application of combined active scaffolds targeting tubulin polymerization inhibitors has been corroborated in the past few years. Meanwhile, different designs and syntheses of novel anti-tubulin hybrids have been broadly studied, illustrated, and detailed in the literature. This review describes various molecular hybrids with their reported structural–activity relationships (SARs) where it is possible in an effort to generate efficacious tubulin polymerization inhibitors. The aim is to create a platform on which new active scaffolds can be modeled for improved tubulin polymerization inhibitory potency and hence, the development of new therapeutic agents against cancer.
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Wang W, Zhou H, Sun L, Li M, Gao F, Sun A, Zou X. Osthole-Mediated Inhibition of Neurotoxicity Induced by Ropivacaine via Amplification of the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221088092. [PMID: 35392264 PMCID: PMC8980408 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221088092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Ropivacaine is widely used for clinical anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. However, the neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine in a concentration- and duration-dependent manner, and it is difficult to prevent neurotoxicity. Osthole inhibits phosphodiesterase-4 activity by binding to its catalytic site to prevent cAMP hydrolysis. The aim of this present study is to explore the precise molecular mechanism of osthole-mediated inhibition of neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine. Methods: SH-SY5Y cell viability and apoptosis were measured in different concentration and duration. Protein concentration was determined in each signaling pathway. The molecular mechanism of osthole-mediated inhibition of ropivacaine-caused neurotoxicity was evaluated. Results The study demonstrated that osthole inhibits SH-SY5Y cells neurotoxicity in a duration- and concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, ropivacaine significantly increased the expression of caspase-3 by promoting the phosphorylation of p38. Osthole-induced upregulation of cAMP activated cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, sequentially leading to elevated cyclic nucleotide response element-binding protein levels, which inhibits P38-dependent signaling and decreases apoptosis of SH-SY5Y. Conclusions This study display the evidence confirmed the molecular mechanism by which osthole amplification of cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, and overexpression of cyclic nucleotide response element-binding protein inhibits P38-dependent signaling and decreases ropivacaine-induced SH-SY5Y apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiBing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated AnQing Municipal Hospitals of Anhui Medical University, AnQing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated AnQing Municipal Hospitals of Anhui Medical University, AnQing, China
| | - LaiBao Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-Sen University, GuangZhou, China
| | - MeiNa Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-Sen University, GuangZhou, China
| | - FengJiao Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-Sen University, GuangZhou, China
| | - AiJiao Sun
- Department of Cardiovascularology, The Affiliated AnQing Municipal Hospital of Anhui Medical University, AnQing, China
| | - XueNong Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospitals of Sun Yat-Sen University, GuangZhou, China
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Combination Therapy with TCM Preparation Kumu Injection and Azithromycin against Bacterial Infection and Inflammation: In Vitro and In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8533005. [PMID: 35341154 PMCID: PMC8942630 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8533005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Azithromycin (AZM) is one of the most common broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, drug resistance is increasing and combination therapy has attracted great attention. AZM is usually combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations with heat-clearing and detoxifying effects, including Kumu injection (KM) made from Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. Purpose The present study aimed to investigate synergistic antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of KM plus AZM with the aim of understanding the mechanism of clinical efficacy of combination regimens. Methods Seven common bacterial clinical isolates and LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells were used for assay of in vitro potency. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for each drug, followed by synergy testing through the checkerboard method and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) for quantifying combined antibacterial effects. The rat model of Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia was developed and subjected to various drug treatments, namely, AZM, KM, or AZM plus KM, intravenously administered at 75 mg/kg once a day for one week. The combination effects then were evaluated according to pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic assessments. Results KM-AZM combination synergistically inhibits in vitro growth of all the test standard strains except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also the drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. Despite an additive effect against NO, KM plus AZM at an equal dose could synergistically suppress overrelease of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The combination significantly inhibited the proliferation of K. pneumoniae in the rat lungs, mainly by inactivating MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. KM-AZM combination caused a onefold increase in apparent distribution volume of AZM, along with a significant decrease of AZM level in the livers and heart for pharmacokinetics. Conclusion KM-AZM combination displayed synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects beneficial to the therapeutic potential against bacterial infection.
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Kordulewska N, Topa J, Cieślińska A, Jarmołowska B. Osthole Regulates Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Expression of TLR2 and NF-κB in Normal Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1501-1519. [PMID: 35261546 PMCID: PMC8898189 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s349216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kordulewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: Natalia Kordulewska, Tel + 48 89 523 37 63, Fax + 48 89 535 20 15, Email
| | - Justyna Topa
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Cieślińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Beata Jarmołowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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Ren Z, Lv M, Xu H. Osthole: Synthesis, Structural Modifications and Biological Properties. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2124-2137. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220214101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Osthole, a naturally occurring coumarin-type compound, is isolated from a Chinese herbal medicine Cnidium monnieri (L.), and exhibits a broad range of biological properties. In this review, the total synthesis and structural modifications of osthole and its analogs are described. Additionally, the progress on bioactivities of osthole and its analogs is outlined since 2016. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action of osthole and its derivatives are discussed. These can provide references for future design, development and application of osthole and its analogs as drugs or pesticides in the fields of medicine and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
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30
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Ma Q, Bian M, Gong G, Bai C, Liu C, Wei C, Quan ZS, Du HH. Synthesis and Evaluation of Bakuchiol Derivatives as Potent Anti-inflammatory Agents in Vitro and in Vivo. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:15-24. [PMID: 35000392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bakuchiol, a prenylated phenolic monoterpene derived from the fruit of Psoralen corylifolia L. (Buguzhi), is widely used to treat tumors, viruses, inflammation, and bacterial infections. In this study, we designed and synthesized 30 bakuchiol derivatives to identify new anti-inflammatory drugs. The anti-inflammatory activities of the derivatives were screened using lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds, we measured nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α production. Based on the screening results, compound 7a displayed more pronounced activity than bakuchiol and celecoxib. Furthermore, the mechanistic studies indicated that 7a inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine release, which was correlated with activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway and blockade of the nuclear factor-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in zebrafish indicated that 7a inhibited NO and reactive oxygen species production in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that 7a is a potential candidate for development as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Bian
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Gong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- First Clinical Medical of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxi Wei
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Huan Du
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
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Liu JM, Chen JM, Lin MJ, Wu FC, Ma CR, Zuo X, Yu WQ, Huang MJ, Fang JS, Li WR, Wang Q, Liang Y. Screening and verification of CYP3A4 inhibitors from Bushen-Yizhi formula to enhance the bioavailability of osthole in rat plasma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114643. [PMID: 34534597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With the features of multiple-components and targets as well as multifunction, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases for a long time. During the application of TCM, the researches about bioavailability enhancement of the bioactive constituents in formula are flourishing. Bushen-Yizhi formula (BSYZ), a TCM prescription with osthole (OST) as one of the main bioactive ingredients, have been widely used to treat kidney deficiency, mental retardation and Alzheimer's disease. However, the underlying biological mechanism and compound-enzyme interaction mediated bioavailability enhancement of OST are still not clearly illuminated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to explore the material basis and molecular mechanism from BSYZ in the bioavailability enhancement of OST. Screening the potential CYP3A4 inhibitors using theoretical prediction and then verifying them in vitro, and pharmacokinetics study of OST in rat plasma under co-administrated of screened CYP3A4 inhibitors and BSYZ were also scarcely reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS Screening of CYP3A4 inhibitors from BSYZ was performed with molecular docking simulation from systems pharmacology database. The screened compounds were verified by using P450-Glo Screening Systems. A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry method was established for OST quantification. Male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups and six rats in each group were employed in the pharmacokinetics study of OST. The administrated conditions were group I, OST (20 mg/kg); group II, BSYZ (containing OST 1 mg/mL, at the dose of 20 mg/kg OST in BSYZ); group III, co-administration of ketoconazole (Ket, 75 mg/kg) and OST (20 mg/kg); group IV, co-administration of CYP3A4 inhibitor (10 mg/kg) and OST (20 mg/kg). They were determined by using HPLC-MS/MS (MRM) and statistical analysis was performed using student's t-test with p < 0.05 as the level of significance. RESULTS 21 potential CYP3A4 inhibitors were screened from BSYZ compounds library. From the results of verification in vitro, we found 4 compounds with better CYP3A4 inhibition efficiency including Oleic acid, 1,2,3,4,6-O-Pentagalloylglucose, Rutin, and Schisantherin B. Under further verification, Schisantherin B exhibited the best inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 (IC50 = 0.339 μM), and even better than the clinically used drug (Ket) at the concentration of 5 μM. In the study of pharmacokinetics, the area under the curve (AUC, ng/L*h) of OST after oral administration of BSYZ, Ket and Schisantherin B (2196.23 ± 581.33, 462.90 ± 92.30 and 1053.03 ± 263.62, respectively) were significantly higher than that of pure OST treatment (227.89 ± 107.90, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Schisantherin B, a profoundly effective CYP3A4 inhibitor screened from BSYZ antagonized the metabolism of CYP3A4 on OST via activity inhibition, therefore significantly enhanced the bioavailability of OST in rat plasma. The results of this study will be helpful to explain the rationality of the compatibility in TCM formula, and also to develop new TCM formula with more reasonable drug compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Man Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Jun-Mei Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Ming-Jun Lin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Fan-Chang Wu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Cui-Ru Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Xue Zuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Wen-Qian Yu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Ming-Jun Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Jian-Song Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Wei-Rong Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Yang L, Cao L, Li C, Li X, Wang J, Chen H, He J. Hostaflavone A from Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Asch. blocked NF-κB/iNOS/COX-2/MAPKs/Akt signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114605. [PMID: 34506938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hostaflavone A (HA) is a new flavonoid component isolated from the flower of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Asch., which is commonly used as a folk herbal to treat inflammatory diseases in China. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory effect of HA remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aimed to evaluate the HA with anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism in RAW 264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effect of HA was evaluated by measuring of cell viability, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 levels in RAW 264.7 cells. In parallel, the HA action mechanism of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), p38, and protein kinase B (Akt) were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS HA has no cytotoxicity at concentrations as high as 40 μM. Besides, HA concentration-dependently clearly suppressed the overproduction of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS. In addition, HA remarkably reduced the upregulation of phosphorylated NF-κB p65, phosphorylated IκB, phosphorylated JNK, phosphorylated Erk and phosphorylated p38, together with iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION HA blocked the LPS activated inflammation via suppressing NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Akt pathways in RAW 264.7 cells, and might be a new anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Lan Cao
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Chunlong Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China.
| | - Jiashui Wang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Hongping Chen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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Osthole Inhibits Expression of Genes Associated with Toll-like Receptor 2 Signaling Pathway in an Organotypic 3D Skin Model of Human Epidermis with Atopic Dermatitis. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010088. [PMID: 35011650 PMCID: PMC8750192 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family signature has been linked to the etiopathology of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with skin barrier dysfunction and immune system imbalance. We aimed to investigate whether osthole (a plant-derived compound) can inhibit the genetic profile of key genes associated with TLR2 signaling (TIRAP, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, IκBα, NFκB) after stimulation with LPS or histamine in a 3D in vitro model of AD. Overexpression of the aforementioned genes may directly increase the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (CKs) and chemokines (ChKs), which may exacerbate the symptoms of AD. Relative gene expressions were quantified by qPCR and secretion of CKs and ChKs was evaluated by ELISA assay. LPS and histamine increased the relative expression of genes related to the TLR2 pathway, and osthole successfully reduced it. In summary, our results show that osthole inhibits the expression of genes associated with the TLR signaling pathway in a skin model of AD. Moreover, the secretion of CKs and ChKs after treatment of AD with osthole in a 3D skin model in vitro suggests the potential of osthole as a novel compound for the treatment of AD.
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Kordulewska NK, Topa J, Rozmus D, Jarmołowska B. Effects of Osthole on Inflammatory Gene Expression and Cytokine Secretion in Histamine-Induced Inflammation in the Caco-2 Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413634. [PMID: 34948440 PMCID: PMC8708099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivity of the immune system in the gastrointestinal tract leads to the development of chronic, inflammation-associated disorders. Such diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, are not completely curable, but the specific line of treatment may reduce its symptoms. However, the response to treatment varies among patients, creating a necessity to uncover the pathophysiological basis of immune-mediated diseases and apply novel therapeutic strategies. The present study describes the anti-inflammatory properties of osthole during histamine-induced inflammation in the intestinal Caco-2 cell line. Osthole reduced the secretion of cytokines (CKs) and the expression level of inflammation-associated genes, which were increased after a histamine treatment. We have shown that the secretion of pro-inflammatory CKs (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) during inflammation may be mediated by NFκB, and, after osthole treatment, this signaling pathway was disrupted. Our results suggest a possible role for osthole in the protection against inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract; thus, osthole may be considered as an anti-inflammatory modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia K. Kordulewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (B.J.)
- Correspondence: (N.K.K.); (J.T.); Tel.: +48-89-523-37-63 (N.K.K.); +48-58-349-14-38 (J.T.)
| | - Justyna Topa
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: (N.K.K.); (J.T.); Tel.: +48-89-523-37-63 (N.K.K.); +48-58-349-14-38 (J.T.)
| | - Dominika Rozmus
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (B.J.)
| | - Beata Jarmołowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (B.J.)
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Cianciosi D, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Ansary J, Quinzi D, Amici A, Navarro-Hortal MD, Esteban-Muñoz A, Quiles JL, Battino M, Giampieri F. Anti-inflammatory activities of Italian Chestnut and Eucalyptus honeys on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Wei M, Geng L, Wang Q, Yue Y, Wang J, Wu N, Wang X, Sun C, Zhang Q. Purification, characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel exopolysaccharide from Bacillus sp. H5. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:649-656. [PMID: 34450152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Crude exopolysaccharides from extracellular polymeric substances produced by the marine bacterium Bacillus sp. H5 were fractionated using DEAE-Sepharose FF and Sephadex G-75 chromatography. The high molecular weight fraction (89.0 kD) from the neutral fraction was designated EPS5SH; it contained mannose, glucosamine, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.00: 0.02: 0.07: 0.02. Infra-red, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed EPS5SH was a mannan with α-(1 → 4)-Manp, α-(1 → 2)-Manp, α-(1 → 4, 6)-Manp and β-terminal-Manp. Preliminary in vitro experiments revealed that EPS5SH significantly upregulated nitric oxide synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory factors in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Western blot experiments verified the immunostimulatory effects of EPS5SH through the modulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways. In conclusion, EPS5SH was a novel immunostimulatory mannan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Wei
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Geng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qingchi Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaomin Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanbin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Desensitization of TRPV1 Involved in the Antipruritic Effect of Osthole on Histamine-Induced Scratching Behavior in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4012812. [PMID: 34691215 PMCID: PMC8528571 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4012812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osthole has been isolated from the fruits of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, which has been used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat pruritic disorders for a long time. However, the antipruritic mechanism of osthole is not fully understood. In the present study, using calcium imaging, molecular docking, and animal scratching behavior, we analyzed the pharmacological effects of osthole on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). The results showed that osthole significantly induced calcium influx in a dose-dependent manner in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Osthole-induced calcium influx was inhibited by AMG9810, an antagonist of TRPV1. Osthole and the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin-induced calcium influx were desensitized by pretreatment with osthole. Furthermore, molecular docking results showed that osthole could bind to TRPV1 with a hydrogen bond by anchoring to the amino acid residue ARG557 in the binding pocket of TRPV1. In addition, TRPV1 is a downstream ion channel for the histamine H1 and H4 receptors to transmit itch signals. Osthole attenuated scratching behavior induced by histamine, HTMT (histamine H1 receptor agonist), and VUF8430 (histamine H4 receptor agonist) in mice. These results suggest that osthole inhibition of histamine-dependent itch may be due to the activation and subsequent desensitization of TRPV1 in DRG neurons.
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Fang Y, Yang L, He J. Plantanone C attenuates LPS-stimulated inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB/iNOS/COX-2/MAPKs/Akt pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112104. [PMID: 34474343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowers of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers are commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in traditional Chinese medicine with limited scientific evidence. Plantanone C (PC) is a new phytochemical isolated from H. plantaginea flowers; nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory effect remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to study the anti-inflammatory effects of PC and its underlying molecular mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cell viability of PC-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage was measured by the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of PC was investigated by measuring the levels of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines using the Griess reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the mechanism of action of PC was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that PC was not cytotoxic at concentrations as high as 40 μM. Furthermore, PC potently suppressed LPS-stimulated overproduction of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Western blot demonstrated that PC remarkably suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), p38, and protein kinase B (Akt), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that PC exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Akt signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Koyama S, Kondo K, Ueha R, Kashiwadani H, Heinbockel T. Possible Use of Phytochemicals for Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8912. [PMID: 34445619 PMCID: PMC8396277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, is the loss of chemical senses, i.e., smell and taste. Smell training is one of the methods used in facilitating recovery of the olfactory sense, and it uses essential oils of lemon, rose, clove, and eucalyptus. These essential oils were not selected based on their chemical constituents. Although scientific studies have shown that they improve recovery, there may be better combinations for facilitating recovery. Many phytochemicals have bioactive properties with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. In this review, we describe the chemical compounds with anti- inflammatory and anti-viral effects, and we list the plants that contain these chemical compounds. We expand the review from terpenes to the less volatile flavonoids in order to propose a combination of essential oils and diets that can be used to develop a new taste training method, as there has been no taste training so far. Finally, we discuss the possible use of these in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Koyama
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kenji Kondo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Rumi Ueha
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
- Swallowing Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Osthole: an overview of its sources, biological activities, and modification development. Med Chem Res 2021; 30:1767-1794. [PMID: 34376964 PMCID: PMC8341555 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osthole, also known as osthol, is a coumarin derivative found in several medicinal plants such as Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens. It can be obtained via extraction and separation from plants or total synthesis. Plenty of experiments have suggested that osthole exhibited multiple biological activities covering antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, osteogenic, cardiovascular protective, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic activities. In addition, there has been some research done on the optimization and modification of osthole. This article summarizes the comprehensive information regarding the sources and modification progress of osthole. It also introduces the up-to-date biological activities of osthole, which could be of great value for its use in future research. ![]()
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The antithrombotic activity of natural and synthetic coumarins. Fitoterapia 2021; 154:104947. [PMID: 34352355 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis, which seriously endangers human health and life, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Antithrombotic drugs can interfere with the occurrence and development of thrombotic diseases and play an important role in the treatment of thrombotic diseases. However, unsatisfactory efficacy and serious adverse effects of existing antithrombotic drugs increase the research for new, efficient and safer drugs. Natural and synthetic coumarins have been shown to possess antithrombotic activity, namely, anticoagulation and antiplatelet aggregation. Especially, coumarin-based warfarin, phenprocoumon and cloricromen have long been used in clinical treatment of thrombosis. Coumarin with low toxicity is the privileged structure for developing novel antithrombotic drugs with multiple mechanisms of action. The present review aims to compile current research on the development of coumarins against thrombosis, emphasizing the relationship between their chemical structures and therapeutic effectiveness. It is intended to provide promising ideas for the discovery of novel coumarin derivatives with high antithrombotic activity.
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Li S, Lv M, Sun Z, Hao M, Xu H. Optimization of Osthole in the Lactone Ring: Structural Elucidation, Pesticidal Activities, and Control Efficiency of Osthole Ester Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6465-6474. [PMID: 34077224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we prepared a series of novel osthole-type ester derivatives modified in the lactone ring of osthole, which is isolated from Cnidium monnieri. The positions of H-3 and H-4 of the representative compound 4z were determined by a 1H-1H COSY spectrum. By opening the lactone ring of osthole, the double bonds at the C-3 and C-4 positions of diol 3 and esters 4a-4z, 4a', and 4b' were still retained as a Z configuration. That is, H-3 and H-4 of compounds 3 and 4a-4z, 4a', and 4b' were all in the cis relationship. The steric configurations of 4k, 4v, and 4z were further undoubtedly determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Against Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval, four aliphatic esters 4c (R = n-C3H7; LC50: 0.31 mg/mL), 4d (R = CH3(CH2)10; LC50: 0.24 mg/mL), 4a' (R = CH3(CH2)9; LC50: 0.28 mg/mL), and 4b' (R = CH3(CH2)12; LC50: 0.32 mg/mL) showed the most promising acaricidal activity, and compounds 4c, 4d, and 4a' also exhibited a potent control efficiency. Especially, compound 4d exhibited greater than fivefold acaricidal activity of the precursor osthole (LC50: 1.22 mg/mL). Against Mythimna separata Walker, compounds 4g, 4l, and 4m displayed 1.6-1.8-fold potent insecticidal activity of osthole. It demonstrated that the lactone ring of osthole is not necessary for the agricultural activities, thiocarbonylation of osthole was not beneficial for the agricultural activities, introduction of R as an aliphatic chain is vital for the acaricidal activity, notably, the length of the aliphatic chain is related to the acaricidal activity, 4d could be further studied as a lead acaricidal agent, and to the aromatic series, R containing the fluorine atom(s) is important for the insecticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochen Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
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Exploring the Mechanism of Berberine Intervention in Ulcerative Colitis from the Perspective of Inflammation and Immunity Based on Systemic Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9970240. [PMID: 34211579 PMCID: PMC8208865 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9970240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum. Recent studies found that berberine had effects on inflammatory diseases and immune diseases. Methods The PharmMapper database was used to predict the berberine potential target and GeneCards database and OMIM database were utilized to collect UC genes. The Cytoscape software was used to construct and analyze the networks and DAVID was utilized to perform enrichment analysis. Then, animal experiments were performed to validate the prediction results. The experimental rats were randomly divided into normal group (control group), model group, and berberine group. The general condition, body weight, gross morphology of colon tissue, and colonic mucosal damage index (CMDI) score were observed. The pathological changes of colon tissue were observed by H&E staining. The levels of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-4 were detected by ELISA. The expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-4 protein in colon tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results A total of 211 Berberine's potential targets and 210 UC genes were obtained. The enrichment analysis showed that berberine may regulate inflammation, inflammatory cytokines, and their mediated inflammation signal pathways such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TNF, T cell receptor, Toll-like receptor, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Compared with the model group, the body mass of rats in the berberine group was significantly increased (P < 0.05); the general morphology and pathological changes of colon tissue were significantly improved; CMDI score, serum and colon tissue IL-1β, TNF-α content, and protein expression were decreased significantly (P < 0.05); and IL-4 content and protein expression increased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion Berberine can interfere with UC through related biological processes and signal pathways related to inflammation and immunity. In-depth exploration of the mechanism of berberine in the treatment of UC will provide a basis for clinical application.
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Ligands and Signaling of Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor-X2 in Mast Cell Activation. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 179:139-188. [PMID: 33479839 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) is known as a novel receptor to activate mast cells (MCs). MRGPRX2 plays a dual role in promoting MC-dependent host defense and immunomodulation and contributing to the pathogenesis of pseudo-allergic drug reactions, pain, itching, and inflammatory diseases. In this article, we discuss the possible signaling pathways of MCs activation mediated by MRGPRX2 and summarize and classify agonists and inhibitors of MRGPRX2 in MCs activation. MRGPRX2 is a low-affinity and low-selectivity receptor, which allows it to interact with a diverse group of ligands. Diverse MRGPRX2 ligands utilize conserved residues in its transmembrane (TM) domains and carboxyl-terminus Ser/Thr residues to undergo ligand binding and G protein coupling. The coupling likely initiates phosphorylation cascades, induces Ca2+ mobilization, and causes degranulation and generation of cytokines and chemokines via MAPK and NF-κB pathways, resulting in MCs activation. Agonists of MRGPRX2 on MCs are divided into peptides (including antimicrobial peptides, neuropeptides, MC degranulating peptides, peptide hormones) and nonpeptides (including FDA-approved drugs). Inhibitors of MRGPRX2 include non-selective GPCR inhibitors, herbal extracts, small-molecule MRGPRX2 antagonists, and DNA aptamer drugs. Screening and classifying MRGPRX2 ligands and summarizing their signaling pathways would improve our understanding of MRGPRX2-mediated physiological and pathological effects on MCs.
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Li QZ, Chen X, Mao PW, Jin MY, Wu Q, Zhou XW. N-Glycosylated Ganoderma lucidum immunomodulatory protein improved anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:3393-3404. [PMID: 33900328 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00178g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The global health emergency generated by coronavirus disease-2019 has prompted the search for immunomodulatory agents. There are many potential natural products for drug discovery and development to tackle this disease. One of these candidates is the Ganoderma lucidum fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-glu). In the present study, we clarify the influences of N-linked glycans on the improvement of anti-inflammatory activity and the potential mechanisms of action. Four proteins, including FIP-glu (WT) and its mutants N31S, T36N and N31S/T36N, were successfully expressed in P. pastoris, of which T36N and N31S/T36N were glycoproteins. After treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F, the results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the glycan moiety was removed completely, indicating that the glycan moiety was N-linked. This was also demonstrated by UPLC-qTOF-MS. The cytotoxicity assay showed that N-linked glycans decreased the cytotoxicity of WT; while, the RT-qPCR assay showed that N-glycosylated WT regulated the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TGF-β1. The Western blot results showed that N-glycosylated WT reduced the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK. In conclusion, our findings revealed a novel mechanism by which N-glycosylation of FIP-glu improved its anti-inflammatory activity through the regulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 via inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. It was proved that N-glycosylation significantly improved the functional properties of FIP-glu, providing theoretical and technical support for expanding the application of FIPs in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhang Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China. and National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pei-Wen Mao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Meng-Yuan Jin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Qin Wu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Xuan-Wei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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Li L, Chen B, An T, Zhang H, Xia B, Li R, Zhu R, Tian Y, Wang L, Zhao D, Mo F, Li Y, Yang G, Orekhov AN, Prentki M, Zhang D, Jiang G, Zhu X. BaZiBuShen alleviates altered testicular morphology and spermatogenesis and modulates Sirt6/P53 and Sirt6/NF-κB pathways in aging mice induced by D-galactose and NaNO 2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113810. [PMID: 33508368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sperm infertility and testicular atrophy are symptoms associated with aging. BaZiBuShen formula (BZBS), a patented Chinese herbal prescription composed of Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Lycii, Epimedii Folium, Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae, Fructus Cnidii, Fructus Rosae Laevigatae, Semen Allii Tuberosi., Radix Morindae Officinalis, Herba Cistanches, Fructus Rubi, Radix Rehmanniae Recens, Radix Cyathulae, Radix Ginseng, Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, Hippocampus, and Fuctus Toosendan, has been used as a kidney-tonifying and anti-aging drug as well as for the treatment of impotence and male infertility in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed at investigating whether BZBS preserves sperm and testes morphology in aging mice, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS BZBS was orally administered to aging mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and NaNO2 for 65 days. Sperm quality and testes pathophysiological alterations were examined by a Semen Analysis System, hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, and mitochondrial complex IV activity. In addition, serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA. The expressions of P450 aromatase (CYP19), sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), P53, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-p65, and phospho-NF-κB-p65 (NF-κB-pp65) in the testes were examined by western blot and/or immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Sustained exposure to D-gal/NaNO2 caused a deterioration of sperm quality and testes morphology in this rapid aging mouse model. BZBS treatment curtailed these alterations. These beneficial effects were associated with increased serum levels of TAC, GSH/GSSG, T, E2, and FSH, and decreased levels of MDA, TNF-α, and 8-OH-dG. BZBS treatment also downregulated the expressions of P53, iNOS, and NF-κB-pp65, as well as upregulated the expressions of Sirt6 and CYP19 in aging testes. CONCLUSIONS BZBS preserves testicular morphology and spermatogenesis possibly via inhibition of oxidative stress and the modulation of the Sirt6/P53 and Sirt6/NF-κB signaling pathways. The results shed light on the beneficial effect of BZBS on sperm quality and fertility in aging males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Beibei Chen
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Tian An
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Bingke Xia
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yimiao Tian
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Histo-embryology, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ge Yang
- The Geriatric Department, Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 125315, Russia.
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
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Wang Y, Liu J, Huang Z, Li Y, Liang Y, Luo C, Ni C, Xie J, Su Z, Chen J, Li C. Coptisine ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via improving intestinal barrier dysfunction and suppressing inflammatory response. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 896:173912. [PMID: 33508280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), as an autoimmune disease, has been troubling human health for many years. Up to now, the available treatments remain unsatisfactory. Rhizoma Coptidis has been widely applied to treat gastrointestinal diseases in China for a long time, and coptisine (COP) is identified as one of its major active components. This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of COP on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice colitis and clarify the potential mechanism of action. The results revealed that COP treatment markedly alleviated DSS-induced clinical symptoms by relieving body weight loss and the disease activity index (DAI) score. Specifically, the colon length in the COP (50 and 100 mg/kg) groups were obviously longer than that in the DSS group (7.21 ± 0.34, 8.59 ± 0.45 cm vs. 6.71 ± 0.59 cm, P < 0.01). HE staining analysis revealed that COP treatment significantly protected the integrity of intestinal barrier and alleviated inflammatory cells infiltration. Western blot assay confirmed that COP notably improved the intestinal epithelial barrier function by enhancing the expressions of colonic tight junction proteins and inhibited the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins. In addition, COP treatment remarkably suppressed the levels of colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO), adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17), while enhanced IL-10 and TGF-β. The mechanism anti-inflammatory of COP might be related to inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκBα, and the translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus. In summary, the study indicated that COP ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, at least partly through maintaining the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier, inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Yucui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chaodan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Chen Ni
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, 519041, PR China.
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Whole and polysaccharide powdered Sporisorium reilianum improves DSS-induced colitis in BALB/c mice by modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Zheng Y, Tian C, Fan C, Xu N, Xiao J, Zhao X, Lu Z, Cao H, Liu J, Yu L. Sheng-Mai Yin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113497. [PMID: 33091492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sheng-Mai Yin (SMY), a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been commonly used in China for centuries to treat various diseases, such as inflammation-related diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of SMY and its potential mechanisms still have not yet been clearly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of SMY and explore its underlying mechanisms both on RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish. MATERIALS AND METHODS The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by RAW 264.7 cells were measured by ELISA. The protein expressions of IκBα, p-IκBα (Ser32), STAT3 and p-STAT3 (Tyr705) were determined by Western blotting. And the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells was detected by confocal microscopy. Moreover, the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of SMY and its potential mechanisms were further investigated by survival analysis, hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E), observation of neutrophil migration and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis in zebrafish inflammatory models. RESULTS SMY reduced the release of IL-6 and TNF-α, inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα and STAT3 as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, the increased survival, decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells and the attenuated migration of neutrophils together suggested the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of SMY. More importantly, SMY reduced the gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed LPS-induced up-regulation of NF-κB, IκBα and STAT3 in zebrafish inflammatory models. CONCLUSION SMY exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects with a potential mechanism of inhibiting the NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways. Our findings suggest a scientific rationale of SMY to treat inflammatory diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanru Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Chunyang Tian
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Chunlin Fan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Nishan Xu
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zibin Lu
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Huihui Cao
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Junshan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Linzhong Yu
- Traditional Chinese Pharmacological Laboratory, Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Saeedifar AM, Mosayebi G, Ghazavi A, Bushehri RH, Ganji A. Macrophage polarization by phytotherapy in the tumor microenvironment. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3632-3648. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammad Saeedifar
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ghasem Mosayebi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ali Ghazavi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC) Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Rouhollah Hemmati Bushehri
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ali Ganji
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
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