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Lin L, Xu H, Yao Z, Zeng X, Kang L, Li Y, Zhou G, Wang S, Zhang Y, Cheng D, Chen Q, Zhao X, Li R. Jin-Xin-Kang alleviates heart failure by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction through the Calcineurin/Dynamin-Related Protein 1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118685. [PMID: 39127116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a severe consequence of cardiovascular disease, marked by cardiac dysfunction. Jin-Xin-Kang (JXK) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula used for the treatment of CHF. This formula consists of seven medicinal herbs, including Ginseng (Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood), Astragali Radix (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen (Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl), Leonuri Herba (Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl), and Ilex pubescens (Ilex pubescens Hook. & Arn.). Its clinical efficacy has been validated through prospective randomized controlled studies. However, the specific mechanisms of action for this formula have yet to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effect of JXK on mitochondrial function and its mechanism in the treatment of CHF. METHODS JXK components were qualitatively analyzed using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS. HF was induced in mice via transverse aortic constriction (TAC). After successful model establishment, lyophilized JXK-L (4.38 g/kg) and JXK-H (13.14 g/kg) were administered for 8 weeks. In vitro, hypertrophic myocardium was induced using angiotensin II (Ang II) for 48 h, followed by JXK-L and JXK-H treatment. Network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to predict the relevant targets of JXK. Cardiac function, serum markers, and histopathological changes were evaluated to assess cardiac function. Immunofluorescence of Tomm20, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ROS were measured to assess mitochondrial dysfunction. Protein expression of calcineurin (CaN) and Drp1 in the myocardium was assessed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS We detected that the active components of JXK include terpenes, glycosides, flavonoids, amino acids, and alkaloids, among others. In mice with CHF, JXK improved cardiac function and reversed ventricular remodeling. Network pharmacology indicated that JXK can inhibit the calcium signaling pathway. The molecular docking results demonstrated that the active components of JXK effectively bind with CaN. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that JXK regulated the CaN/Drp1 pathway and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSION JXK can inhibit the CaN/Drp1 pathway to improve mitochondrial function, and consequently treat CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Lin
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Innovation Research Center, Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengyang Yao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianyou Zeng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Kang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiting Zhou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shushu Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danling Cheng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinjun Zhao
- Cardiology Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rong Li
- Cardiology Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhang G, Zheng YJ, Zhao A, Jiang X, Gan J. Astrocyte modulation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: A promising therapeutic strategy. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114814. [PMID: 38762094 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) poses significant challenges for drug development due to its complex pathogenesis. Astrocyte involvement in CIRI pathogenesis has led to the development of novel astrocyte-targeting drug strategies. To comprehensively review the current literature, we conducted a thorough analysis from January 2012 to December 2023, identifying 82 drugs aimed at preventing and treating CIRI. These drugs target astrocytes to exert potential benefits in CIRI, and their primary actions include modulation of relevant signaling pathways to inhibit neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, reduce cerebral edema, restore blood-brain barrier integrity, suppress excitotoxicity, and regulate autophagy. Notably, active components from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ginkgo, and Ginseng exhibit these important pharmacological properties and show promise in the treatment of CIRI. This review highlights the potential of astrocyte-targeted drugs to ameliorate CIRI and categorizes them based on their mechanisms of action, underscoring their therapeutic potential in targeting astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Jia Zheng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Anliu Zhao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jiali Gan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang JX, Xiao LX, Zheng JT, Qu XT, Liu Y, Meng J, Liu CS. The synergistic effect of Huangqi Gegen decoction on thrombosis relates to the astragalus polysaccharide-improved oral delivery of puerarin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118622. [PMID: 39053719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi Gegen decoction (HGD), which comprises Astragali Radix (AR) and Puerariae Radix (PR), is widely used to treat thrombosis in China. However, the mechanism underlying its synergistic effect in thrombosis treatment remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Following PR administration, low plasma exposure was reported for its primary ingredients. In this regard, this study examined the effect of AR on PR's antithrombotic efficacy with respect to the impact of Astragalus Polysaccharide (APS) on the oral delivery of Puerarin (PUE). MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the synergistic effect of HGD, a thrombus mice model was established via intraperitoneal injection of carrageenan. After treatment, histopathological observations were made, and the proportion of thrombus length in the tail, as well as the plasma APTT, PT, INR, and FIB levels, were detected. Molecular docking was employed to assess the PR ingredients that could inhibit the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. The Pharmacokinetics of PR ingredients in rats were also compared between the PR and HGD groups. Moreover, the effect of APS on the solubility, intestinal absorption, and pharmacokinetics of PUE was evaluated. Furthermore, the impact of APS on the antithrombotic efficacy of PUE was assessed. RESULTS In mice, AR enhanced the antithrombotic effect of PR. This improved PR effect was associated with isoflavones-induced downregulation of the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. The synergistic effect resulting from the compatibility of HGD components was primarily achieved by improving the plasma exposure of PR isoflavones. Specifically, APS enhanced PUE's water solubility through the formation of self-assembly Nanoparticles, increasing its intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability, which, in turn, suppressed the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, thus improving its antithrombotic effect. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that APS improved PUE's plasma exposure, enhancing its inhibitory effect on the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. This mechanism presents a key aspect of the synergistic effect of HGD compatibility in thrombosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Jia-Xuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Liang-Xing Xiao
- Puai Medical College, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, PR China; Foshan Yitai Medical Supplies Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528200, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ting Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Xuan-Tong Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Jian Meng
- Puai Medical College, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, PR China.
| | - Chang-Shun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Li R, Lou Q, Ji T, Li Y, Yang H, Ma Z, Zhu Y, Qian C, Yang W, Wang Y, Luo S. Mechanism of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge ameliorating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: Based on network pharmacology analysis and experimental verification. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118157. [PMID: 38588987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (AMB) is a herb with wide application in traditional Chinese medicine, exerting a wealth of pharmacological effects. AMB has been proven to have an evident therapeutic effect on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, including cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the specific mechanism underlying AMB in CIRI remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the potential role of AMB in CIRI through a comprehensive approach of network pharmacology and in vivo experimental research. METHODS The intersection genes of drugs and diseases were obtained through analysis of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created through the string website. Meanwhile, the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was carried out using R studio, and thereafter the key genes were screened. Then, the molecular docking prediction was made between the main active ingredients and target genes, and hub genes with high binding energy were obtained. In addition, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was used to validate the result of molecular docking. Based on the results of network pharmacology, we used animal experiments to verify the predicted hub genes. First, the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MACO/R) model was established and the effective dose of AMB in CIRI was determined by behavioral detection and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Then the target proteins corresponding to the hub genes were measured by Western blot. Moreover, the level of neuronal death was measured using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. RESULTS Based on the analysis of the TCMSP database and GEO database, a total of 62 intersection target genes of diseases and drugs were obtained. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of AMB on CIRI might be realized through the advanced glycation endproduct-the receptor of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and other pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the active ingredients of AMB had good binding potential with hub genes that included Prkcb, Ikbkb, Gsk3b, Fos and Rela. Animal experiments showed that AWE (60 g/kg) could alleviate CIRI by regulating the phosphorylation of PKCβ, IKKβ, GSK3β, c-Fos and NF-κB p65 proteins. CONCLUSION AMB exerts multi-target and multi-pathway effects against CIRI, and the underlying mechanism may be related to anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and inhibiting calcium overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, 230061, PR China
| | - Qi Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Yincan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Haoran Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, 230061, PR China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, 230061, PR China
| | - Can Qian
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, 230061, PR China
| | - Wulin Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China.
| | - Yijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
| | - Shengyong Luo
- Anhui Medical College (Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences), Hefei, 230061, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, PR China.
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Zhang X, Liao W, Ding X, Zhang Y, Long C, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Wu H, Tan G. Multiple-matrices metabolomics combined with serum pharmacochemistry for discovering the potential targets and active constituents of Qifu decoction against heart failure. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 244:116114. [PMID: 38522367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Qifu decoction (QFD) is an ancient traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of heart failure. However, the mechanisms and active constituents of QFD are poorly understood. In this study, multi-matrices metabolomics (serum, urine, and myocardial mitochondria) based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOFMS), were employed for exploring the mechanisms of QFD against heart failure in rat model. Twenty-one, seventeen, and fifteen endogenous metabolite biomarkers associated with heart failure were identified from serum, urine, and myocardial mitochondria datasets, respectively. Fourteen, twelve, and ten of the identified serum, urine, and mitochondria biomarkers were significantly reversed by QFD, respectively. QFD-targeted pathways were involved in TCA cycle, branched chain amino acids metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism. In addition, QFD-derived constituents in serum were fully analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOFMS and SUS-plot, and 24 QFD-derived components were identified in serum. Then, the correlation analysis between the QFD-reversed serum biomarkers and QFD-derived constituents in serum was employed to dissect the active constituents of QFD. It was found that eight prototypical components and three metabolites were highly correlated with efficacy and could serve as the active constituents of QFD against heart failure. Finally, neoline and calycosin, which highly correlated with branched-chain amino acid metabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation, were selected to validate in Na2S2O4-induced cell model. It was found that neoline and calycosin provided a significant protective effect against Na2S2O4-induced cell death in a low dose-dependent manner and increased the expressions of the pathway-related protein CPT1B and BCAT2 in the cell model. In conclusions, these findings provided light on the mechanisms and active constituents of QFD against heart failure. Neoline and calycosin could be selected as potential quality-markers of QFD against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China; School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenting Liao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Cuiping Long
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China; School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Guangguo Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Qiu X, Luo W, Li H, Li T, Huang Y, Huang Q, Zhou R. A Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenqi Granule, Potentially Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mouse Colitis Symptoms. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:427. [PMID: 38927307 PMCID: PMC11200386 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation in the large intestine. The etiology of UC is complex and incompletely understood, with potential contributing factors including genetic susceptibility, environmental influences, immune dysregulation, and gut barrier dysfunction. Despite available therapeutic drugs, the suboptimal cure rate for UC emphasizes the necessity of developing novel therapeutics. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has attracted great interest in the treatment of such chronic inflammatory diseases due to its advantages, such as multi-targets and low side effects. In this study, a mouse model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis was established and the efficacy of Zhenqi Granule, a TCM preparation composed of the extractives from Astragali Radix and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, was evaluated. The results showed that treatment with Zhenqi Granule prior to or post-DSS induction could alleviate the symptoms of colitis, including weight loss, diarrhea, hematochezia, colon length shortening, and pathological damage of colon tissues of the DSS-treated mice. Further, network pharmacology analysis showed that there were 98 common targets between the active components of Zhenqi Granule and the targets of UC, and the common targets were involved in the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. Our results showed that Zhenqi Granule had preventive and therapeutic effects on acute colitis in mice, and the mechanism may be that the active components of Zhenqi Granule participated in the regulation of inflammatory response. This study provided data reference for further exploring the mechanism of Zhenqi Granule and also provided potential treatment strategies for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wentao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Haotian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yaxue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science & Technology of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Q.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (T.L.); (Y.H.)
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science & Technology of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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Sharma U, Sharma B, Mishra A, Sahu A, Mathkor DM, Haque S, Raina D, Ramniwas S, Gupta M, Tuli HS. Ononin: A comprehensive review of anticancer potential of natural isoflavone glycoside. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23735. [PMID: 38773908 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide, with more than 10 million deaths annually. Despite tremendous advances in the health sciences, cancer continues to be a substantial global contributor to mortality. The current treatment methods demand a paradigm shift that not only improves therapeutic efficacy but also minimizes the side effects of conventional medications. Recently, an increased interest in the potential of natural bioactive compounds in the treatment of several types of cancer has been observed. Ononin, also referred to as formononetin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, is a natural isoflavone glycoside, derived from the roots, stems, and rhizomes of various plants. It exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects, including Antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and antimetastatic activities. The current review presents a thorough overview of sources, chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and the role of ononin in affecting various mechanisms involved in cancer. The review also discusses potential synergistic interactions with other compounds and therapies. The combined synergistic effect of ononin with other compounds increased the efficacy of treatment methods. Finally, the safety studies, comprising both in vitro and in vivo assessments of ononin's anticancer activities, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjawal Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, India
| | - Bunty Sharma
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Ambrish Mishra
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, India
| | - Anidrisha Sahu
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, India
| | - Darin M Mathkor
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deepika Raina
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research & Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Hardeep S Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
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Wang QY, Liu SY, Yu DH, Chen PP, Wang Y, Lu F, Liu SM. Evaluation of drug interactions of Saposhnikoviae Radix and its major components with astragaloside IV and paeoniflorin using in vitro and in vivo experiments. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1723:464716. [PMID: 38640881 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR) may enhance the pharmacodynamics of Huangqi Chifeng Tang (HQCFT) in the treatment of cerebral infarction according to our previous research, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Herein, an in vivo pharmacokinetic assay in rats and in vitro MDCK-MDR1 cell assays were used to investigate the possible mechanism of SR, its main components, and its interactions with Astragali Radix (AR) and Paeoniae Radix (PR). An ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS)-based analytical method for quantifying astragaloside IV (ASIV) and paeoniflorin (PAE) in microdialysis and transport samples was developed. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SR were determined using noncompartmental analyses CCK-8 assays were used to detect the cytotoxicity of ASIV, PAE, cimifugin (CIM), prim-o-glucosylcimifugin (POG) and their combinations. Moreover, drug transport was studied using MDCK-MDR1 cells. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression levels of P-GP and MRP1. Claudin-5, ZO-1, and F-actin expression was determined via immunohistochemical staining of MDCK-MDR1 cells. harmacokinetic studies revealed that, compared with those of Huangqi Chifeng Tang-Saposhnikoviae Radix (HQCFT-SR), the Tmax of ASIV increased by 11.11 %, and the MRT0-t and Tmax of PAE increased by 11.19 % and 20 %, respectively, in the HQCFT group. Transport studies revealed that when ASIV was coincubated with 28 μM CIM or POG, the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) increased by 71.52 % and 50.33 %, respectively. Coincubation of PAE with 120 μM CIM or POG increased the Papp by 87.62 % and 60.95 %, respectively. Moreover, CIM and POG significantly downregulated P-gp and MRP1 (P < 0.05), inhibited the expression of Claudin-5, ZO-1, and F-actin (P < 0.05), and affected intercellular tight junctions (TJs). In conclusion, our study successfully established a selective, sensitive and reproducible UPLC‒MS/MS analytical method to detect drug‒drug interactions between SR, AR and PR in vivo and in vitro, which is beneficial for enhancing the therapeutic efficacies of AR and PR. Moreover, this study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the use of SR as a drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yue Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Dong-Hua Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ping-Ping Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Fang Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Shu-Min Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China.
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Tan J, Zhu H, Zeng Y, Li J, Zhao Y, Li M. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Compounds in Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. Neuroscience 2024; 546:118-142. [PMID: 38574799 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a common and fatal cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity, mortality and very poor prognosis worldwide. SAH can induce a complex series of pathophysiological processes, and the main factors affecting its prognosis are early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). The pathophysiological features of EBI mainly include intense neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction and brain edema, while DCI is characterized by delayed onset ischemic neurological deficits and cerebral vasospasm (CVS). Despite much exploration in people to improve the prognostic outcome of SAH, effective treatment strategies are still lacking. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that natural compounds of plant origin have unique neuro- and vascular protective effects in EBI and DCI after SAH and long-term neurological deficits, which mainly include inhibition of inflammatory response, reduction of oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and improvement of blood-brain barrier and cerebral vasospasm. The aim of this paper is to systematically explore the processes of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in SAH, and to summarize natural compounds as potential targets for improving the prognosis of SAH and their related mechanisms of action for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Huaxin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yanyang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yeyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Yang X, Qian H, Yang C, Zhang Z. Investigation of the molecular mechanism of Smilax glabra Roxb. in treating hypertension based on proteomics and bioinformatics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1360829. [PMID: 38783958 PMCID: PMC11112092 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1360829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Smilax glabra Roxb. (named tufuling in Chinese, SGR) has both medicinal and edible value. SGR has obvious pharmacological activity, especially in anti-inflammation and treating immune system diseases. This study investigated differential protein expression and its relationship with immune infiltration in hypertension treated with SGR using proteomics and bioinformatics. Methods N-Nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was used to replicate the hypertension model, with SGR administered by gavage for 4 weeks, and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in each group of rats was measured using the tail-cuff method every 7 days. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) expressions in each group, followed by the detection of protein expression in rat liver samples using the tandem mass tag (TMT) technique. Additionally, hub targets were output using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software, and ALDH2 expression in the liver and serum in each group of rats was detected by ELISA. Moreover, R4.3.0 software was used to evaluate the relationship between acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and immune cells, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was performed to identify the components of SGR. Furthermore, the association between components of SGR and ALDH2 was analyzed with molecular docking and LigPlot1.4.5 software. Results Compared with the model group (L-NAME), SGR at high and medium doses reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure while reducing TC, TG, and LDL-C levels and increasing HDL-C levels in hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, 92 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using TMT. These DEPs participated in peroxisome functioning, fatty acid degradation, and other signaling pathways, with ALDH2 being the core target and correlated with various immune cells. In addition, 18 components were determined in SGR, with 8 compounds binding to ALDH2. Molecular docking was performed to confirm that SGR played a role in hypertension based on the combined action of multiple components. Conclusion In conclusion, SGR has an antihypertensive effect on L-NAME-induced hypertension, with ALDH2 as its hub target. SGR may regulate neutrophil, regulatory T cell, and other cells' infiltration by targeting ALDH2, thereby contributing to the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haibing Qian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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11
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Seck I, Ndoye SF, Kapchoup MVK, Nguemo F, Ciss I, Ba LA, Ba A, Sokhna S, Seck M. Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K +, Nav, and Ca v channels: a review. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38586947 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2337112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes. The natural product's pharmacology of expressed receptors like alpha-adrenergic receptors causes an influx of Ca2+ ions through receptor-operated Ca2+ ion channels. We also examine the NPs associated with cardiac contractions such as myocardial contractility by reducing the L-type calcium current and decreasing the intracellular calcium transient, inhibiting the K+ induced contractions, decreasing amplitude of myocyte shortening and showed negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects due to decreasing cytosolic Ca2+. We examine whether the NPs block potassium channels, particular the hERG channel and regulatory effects on Nav1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba Fama Ndoye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lalla Aicha Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abda Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Seynabou Sokhna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
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12
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Teng Y, Li Y, Wang L, Wang B, Su S, Chen J, Lu Z, Zhu H, Zhao M. Effectiveness and pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine for coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117605. [PMID: 38128892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely used for treating coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure (CHD-HF). However, the exact mechanisms involved are still not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the clinical effectiveness and potential pharmacological mechanisms of CHM for treating CHD-HF. METHODS Eight databases were retrieved for Randomized Controlled Trials of CHM for CHD-HF published from their inception to March 2023. Quality assessment of include studies was performed by the Cochrane risk-of-bias. Meta-analysis was used to assess the effectiveness of CHM for CHD-HF, and then core drugs and active ingredients were selected by data mining and network pharmacology. Finally, cluster and enrichment analysis were adopted to explore the potential targets and signaling pathways. RESULTS A total of 52 studies enrolling 5216 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed that CHM treatment groups significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-min walk test (6-MWT), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) than control groups: [LVEF: SMD = 0.7, 95%CI (0.54, 0.87), p < 0.00001, I2 = 80%; 6-MWT: SMD = 0.72, 95%CI (0.58, 0.86), p < 0.0001, I2 = 67%; LVEDD: SMD = -0.79, 95%CI (-0.89, -0.69), p < 0.0001, I2 = 49%; LVESD: SMD = -0.6 (-0.74, -0.46), p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%]. The results of various biological information analysis showed the internal relationship between prescriptions, core drugs, active ingredients and therapeutic targets. Twelve core herbs with the most commonly use and high correlation were selected from 110 CHMs of 52 prescriptions for CHD-HF treatment, and further 65 effective components were screened out according to the most strength value, which were divided into 12 compounds such as terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids and alkaloids and etc. At the same time, 67 therapeutic targets of active ingredients in CHD-HF were filtrated. On these bases, cluster and enrichment analysis of the components and targets were used to explore relevant pharmacological mechanisms, mainly including anti-myocardial cell damage, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, regulation of oxidative stress, anticoagulation and angiogenesis, and improvement of glucose and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSION CHM are effective in treating CHD-HF compared with conventional treatment. Some of the included studies have high risks in the implementation of blinding, so more high-quality studies are needed. The active ingredients of CHM could protect the myocardium and improve pathological environment of CHD-HF in various ways. And CHM has the advantage of multi-component and multi-target treatment for complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Teng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Baofu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Sha Su
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Mingjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Ding Y, Xiang Q, Zhu P, Fan M, Tong H, Wang M, Cheng S, Yu P, Shi H, Zhang H, Chen X. Qihuang Zhuyu formula alleviates coronary microthrombosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/αIIbβ3-mediated platelet activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155276. [PMID: 38295661 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary microembolism (CME) is commonly seen in the peri-procedural period of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), where local platelet activation and endothelial cell inflammation crosstalk may lead to micro thrombus erosion and rupture, with serious consequences. Qihuang Zhuyu Formula (QHZYF) is a Chinese herbal compound with high efficacy against coronary artery disease, but its antiplatelet mechanism is unclear. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of QHZYF on sodium laurate-induced CME using network pharmacology and in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS We employed high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to identify the main components of QHZYF. Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were utilized to predict the primary active components, potential therapeutic targets, and intervention pathways mediating the effects of QHZYF on platelet activation. Next, we pretreated a sodium laurate-induced minimally invasive CME rat model with QHZYF. In vivo experiments were performed to examine cardiac function in rats, to locate coronary arteries on heart sections to observe internal microthrombi, to extract rat Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for adhesion assays and CD62p and PAC-1 (ITGB3/ITGA2B) flow assays, and to measure platelet-associated protein expression in PRP. In vitro clot retraction and Co-culture of HUVECs with PRP were performed and the gene pathway was validated through flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Combining UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology and database mining, 78 compounds were finally screened as the putative and representative compounds of QHZYF, with 75 crossover genes associated with CME. QHZYF prevents CME mainly by regulating key pathways of the inflammation and platelets, including Lipid and atherosclerosis, Fluid shear stress, platelet activation, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Five molecules including Calyson, Oroxin A, Protosappanin A,Kaempferol and Geniposide were screened and subjected to molecular docking and SPR validation in combination with Lipinski rules (Rule of 5, Ro5). In vivo experiments showed that QHZYF not only improved myocardial injury but also inhibited formation of coronary microthrombi. QHZYF inhibited platelet activation by downregulating expression of CD62p receptor and platelet membrane protein αIIbβ3 and reduced the release of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), Ca2+ particles and inflammatory factor IL-6. Further analysis revealed that QHZYF inhibited the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, via modulating the PI3K/Akt pathways. In in vitro experiments, QHZYF independently inhibited platelet clot retraction. Upon LPS induction, the activation of platelet membrane protein ITGB3 was inhibited via the PI3K/Akt pathway, revealing an important mechanism for attenuating coronary microthrombosis. We performed mechanistic validation using PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and Akt inhibitor MK-2206 to show that QHZYF inhibited platelet membrane protein activation and inflammation to improved coronary microvessel embolism by regulating PI3K/Akt/αIIbβ3 pathways, mainly by inhibiting PI3K and Akt phosphorylation. CONCLUSION QHZYF interferes with coronary microthrombosis through inhibition of platelet adhesion, activation and inflammatory crosstalk, thus has potential in clinical anti-platelet applications. Calyson, Oroxin A, Protosappanin A, Kaempferol and Geniposide may be the major active ingredient groups of QHZYF that alleviate coronary microthrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Zhu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, PR China
| | - Manlu Fan
- Department of TCM, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Huaqin Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Yangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Mengxi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Songyi Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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Chen Y, Li WW, Bi SL, Zhang HM, Sun Z, Zuo YY, Xu L, Chen SQ. Visualizing research trends and identifying hotspots of herbal components for treating cardiovascular diseases: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e35047. [PMID: 38335393 PMCID: PMC10860942 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the global research trends in herbal medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from 2000 to 2023. A bibliometric approach was employed to analyze international collaborations, knowledge structures, emerging trends, and research frontiers. METHOD The Web of Science (WOS) core collection was utilized as the database, employing the search formula (((TS = (traditional Chinese medicine)) OR TS = (Chinese herbal medicinal ingredient)) OR TS = (Chinese herbal medicinal constituent)) AND TS = (cardiovascular disease) to conduct the search. The search period spanned from January 1, 2000, to February 14, 2023, and the literature type included articles and reviews. RESULTS A total of 1478 papers were included in the analysis after searching the WOS database and excluding conference proceedings, news articles, retractions, editorials, and letters. China demonstrated the highest number of publications, followed by the United States and Taiwan (China). The institution with the highest publications was the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. China, the United States, and India were the main countries involved in research in this field, and there was significant collaboration among them. The hotspots related to herbal components for treating cardiovascular diseases from 2000 to 2023 included systematic reviews, ischemic reperfusion injury, global burden, type 2 diabetes, and protection. CONCLUSION This paper provides a reference for the future development of herbal research in cardiovascular aspects by revealing the current status, hotspots, and trends of global herbal research in cardiovascular factors over more than 20 years. Identification of potential collaborators and institutions can assist researchers in exploring new directions for future research and discovering new perspectives for potential collaborations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Ling Bi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- The Second Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - He-Meng Zhang
- The Second Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhenhai Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yao-Yao Zuo
- The Second Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Liang Xu
- The Second Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Shou-Qiang Chen
- The Second Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Miao X, Rong L, Fu B, Cui S, Gu Z, Hu F, Lu Y, Yan S, Sun B, Jiang W, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Li C. Astragalus polysaccharides attenuate rat aortic endothelial senescence via regulation of the SIRT-1/p53 signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:80. [PMID: 38331805 PMCID: PMC10851563 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have been verified to have antioxidative and antiaging activities in the mouse liver and brain. However, the effect of APS on aortic endothelial senescence in old rats and its underlying mechanism are currently unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the effects of APS on rat aortic endothelial oxidative stress and senescence in vitro and in vivo and investigate the potential molecular targets. METHODS Twenty-month-old natural aging male rats were treated with APS (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg daily) for 3 months. Serum parameters were tested using corresponding assay kits. Aortic morphology was observed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Verhoeff Van Gieson (VVG). Aging-related protein levels were evaluated using immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. Primary rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) were isolated by tissue explant method. RAEC mitochondrial function was evaluated by the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measured with the fluorescent lipophilic cationic dye JC‑1. Intracellular total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was detected by a commercial kit. Cellular senescence was assessed using senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. RESULTS Treatment of APS for three months was found to lessen aortic wall thickness, renovate vascular elastic tissue, improve vascular endothelial function, and reduce oxidative stress levels in 20-month-old rats. Primary mechanism analysis showed that APS treatment enhanced Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) protein expression and decreased the levels of the aging marker proteins p53, p21 and p16 in rat aortic tissue. Furthermore, APS abated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell senescence and restored H2O2-induced impairment of the MMP and T-AOC in RAECs. Similarly, APS increased SIRT-1 and decreased p53, p21 and p16 protein levels in senescent RAECs isolated from old rats. Knockdown of SIRT-1 diminished the protective effect of APS against H2O2-induced RAEC senescence and T-AOC loss, increased the levels of the downstream proteins p53 and p21, and abolished the inhibitory effect of APS on the expression of these proteins in RAECs. CONCLUSION APS may reduce rat aortic endothelial oxidative stress and senescence via the SIRT-1/p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lingjun Rong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyuan Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuangtong Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Banruo Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Chunlin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.
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Huang H, Zhao H, Wenqing L, Xu F, Wang X, Yao Y, Huang Y. Prospect of research on anti-atherosclerosis effect of main components of traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe through gut microbiota: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37104. [PMID: 38306512 PMCID: PMC10843552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases are on the rise globally, posing a severe threat to human health. Atherosclerosis (AS) is considered a multi-factorial inflammatory disease and the main pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, as well as the leading cause of death. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can induce and exacerbate inflammatory reactions, accelerate metabolic disorders and immune function decline, and affect the progression and prognosis of AS-related diseases. The Chinese herbal medicine clinicians frequently utilize Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe, an effective therapeutic approach for the management of AS. This article reviews the correlation between the main components of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe and the gut microbiota and AS to provide new directions and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Wenqing
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiyue Xu
- Shanghai Pudong New District Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yili Yao
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shi Y, Shi X, Zhao M, Ma S, Zhang Y. Pharmacological potential of Astragali Radix for the treatment of kidney diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155196. [PMID: 37952410 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, the incidence of kidney diseases is also increasing, resulting in a serious public burden. Conventional treatments for kidney diseases have unsatisfactory effects and are associated with adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicines have good curative effects and advantages over conventional treatments for preventing and treating kidney diseases. Astragali Radix is a Chinese herbal medicine widely used to treat kidney diseases. PURPOSE To review the potential applications and molecular mechanisms underlying the renal protective effects of Astragali Radix and its components and to provide direction and reference for new therapeutic strategies and future research and development of Astragali Radix. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched using keywords, including "Astragali Radix," "Astragalus," "Astragaloside IV" (AS-IV), "Astragali Radix polysaccharide" (APS), and "kidney diseases." Reports on the effects of Astragali Radix and its components on kidney diseases were identified and reviewed. RESULTS The main components of Astragali Radix with kidney-protective properties include AS-IV, APS, calycosin, formononetin, and hederagenin. Astragali Radix and its active components have potential pharmacological effects for the treatment of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive renal damage, chronic glomerulonephritis, and kidney stones. The pharmacological effects of Astragali Radix are manifested through the inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis, as well as the regulation of autophagy. CONCLUSION Astragali Radix is a promising drug candidate for treating kidney diseases. However, current research is limited to animal and cell studies, underscoring the need for further verifications using high-quality clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
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Wu J, Deng S, Yu X, Wu Y, Hua X, Zhang Z, Huang Y. Identify production area, growth mode, species, and grade of Astragali Radix using metabolomics "big data" and machine learning. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155201. [PMID: 37976693 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragali Radix (AR) is a widely used herbal medicine. The quality of AR is influenced by several key factors, including the production area, growth mode, species, and grade. However, the markers currently used to distinguish these factors primarily focus on secondary metabolites, and their validation on large-scale samples is lacking. PURPOSE This study aims to discover reliable markers and develop classification models for identifying the production area, growth mode, species, and grade of AR. METHODS A total of 366 batches of AR crude slices were collected from six provinces in China and divided into learning (n = 191) and validation (n = 175) sets. Three ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for determining 22 primary and 10 secondary metabolites in AR methanol extract. Based on the quantification data, seven machine learning algorithms, such as Nearest Neighbors and Gradient Boosted Trees, were applied to screen the potential markers and build the classification models for identifying the four factors associated with AR quality. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that secondary metabolites (e.g., astragaloside IV, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and ononin) played a crucial role in evaluating AR quality, particularly in identifying the production area and species. Additionally, fatty acids (e.g., behenic acid and lignoceric acid) were vital in determining the growth mode of AR, while amino acids (e.g., alanine and phenylalanine) were helpful in distinguishing different grades. With both primary and secondary metabolites, the Nearest Neighbors algorithm-based model was constructed for identifying each factor of AR, achieving good classification accuracy (>70%) on the validation set. Furthermore, a panel of four metabolites including ononin, astragaloside II, pentadecanoic acid, and alanine, allowed for simultaneous identification of all four factors of AR, offering an accuracy of 86.9%. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of integrating large-scale targeted metabolomics and machine learning approaches to accurately identify the quality-associated factors of AR. This study opens up possibilities for enhancing the evaluation of other herbal medicines through similar methodologies, and further exploration in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shaoqian Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hua
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Testing, Wuxi Center for Drug Safety Control, Wuxi, 214028, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Cao N, Shou Z, Xiao Y, Liu P. Efficacy and Possible Mechanisms of Astragali Radix and its Ingredients in Animal Models of Osteoporosis: A Preclinical Review and Metaanalysis. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:135-148. [PMID: 38213165 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501275292231220062838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragali Radix (AR) has a long history as a traditional Chinese medicine for anti-osteoporosis (OP) treatment. The aim of the study was to explore the effect and optimal regimens of AR and its main ingredients (IAR) in OP treatment. METHODS Eligible animal studies were searched in seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, SciELO Citation Index, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang). The primary outcomes were bone metabolic indices. The secondary outcome measure was the anti-OP mechanism of IAR. RESULTS 21 studies were enrolled in the study. The primary findings of the present article illustrated that IAR could significantly increase the bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume over the total volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, bone maximum load and serum calcium, while trabecular separation and serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen were remarkably decreased (P < 0.05). In subgroup analysis, the BMD in the long treatment group (≥ 10 weeks) showed better effect size than the short treatment group (< 10 weeks) (P < 0.05). Modeling methods and animal sex were factors affecting serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels. CONCLUSION The findings suggest the possibility of developing IAR as a drug for the treatment of OP. IAR with longer treatment time may achieve better effects regardless of animal strain and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cao
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Zhangxuan Shou
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- HD Biosciences (A WuXi company) Pharma Tech, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Puqing Liu
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
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Jiang Y, Xu L, Wei N, Chen R, Wang Y, Wu L, Li W, Yan Z, Chen L, Chen Z. Comparative pharmacokinetics of 11 major bioactive components between two dosage forms of Qixue Shuangbu Prescription in rats by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300677. [PMID: 37994256 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Although Qixue Shuangbu Prescription (QSP) is a classic Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic heart failure. Low bioavailability due to the insolubility and poor biofilm permeability of the main bioactive ingredients of QSP is still a key factor limiting its efficacy. In this study, a novel self-microemulsifying drug delivery system was proposed to effectively improve the bioavailability of QSP. The qualified ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methodology was established to investigate the pharmacokinetics characteristics of the QSP self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. Our results showed that 11 components in the self-microemulsifying drug delivery system group had prolonged T1/2 and MRT0-t values compared with QSP extract. The Cmax of calycosin-7-glucoside (CG), vanillic acid and paeoniflorin increased 2.5 times, 2.4 times and 2.3 times, respectively. The relative bioavailability values of CG, paeoniflorin and ononin were most significantly affected, increasing by 383.2%, 336.5% and 307.1%, respectively. This study promoted the development of new dosage forms of QSP and provided a useful reference for improving dosage forms to solve the problem of low bioavailability of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Liu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nina Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin City, China
| | - Linwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Tian Z, Li Y, Wang X, Cui K, Guo J, Wang M, Hao Y, Zhang F. Exploring the mechanism of Astragali radix for promoting osteogenic differentiation based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1489-1505. [PMID: 37690812 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to predict the active ingredients and mechanisms of action of Astragalus radix (AR) to promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and cell experiments were conducted for verification. First, network pharmacology was used to predict the effective components, targets, and mechanisms of action of AR to promote osteogenic differentiation. The effective components and corresponding target proteins of AR, and the target proteins of osteogenic differentiation were collected through the database. The intersection targets of the two were used for the construction and analysis of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Gene Oncology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted. Next, molecular docking technology was carried out to verify the interaction between the active ingredient and the target protein, and to select the appropriate effective active ingredient. Finally, the results of network pharmacology analysis were verified by in vitro experiments. A total of 95 potential targets were retrieved by searching the intersection of AR and osteogenic differentiation targets. PPI network analysis indicated that RAC-α-serine-threonine-protein kinase (Akt1) was considered to be the most reliable target for AR to regulate osteogenic differentiation. GO enrichment analysis included 21 biological processes, 21 cellular components and 100 molecular functions. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the class I phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-serine-threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathway may play an important role in promoting osteogenic differentiation. The results of molecular docking showed that quercetin's performance was improved compared with that of kaempferol. In vitro experiments showed that quercetin promoted the expression of osteogenic marker proteins (including collagen I, Runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteopontin) in BMSCs and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. AR acted on Akt1 targets through its main active component quercetin, and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Tian
- College of First Clinical Medical, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Teaching and Research Department of Internal Medicine, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, China
| | - Kaiying Cui
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxing Guo
- College of First Clinical Medical, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, China
| | - Yanke Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Farong Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Dai H, Tao S, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Jia J, Zhang X, Zhang G. Astragalus (Astragalus mongholicus) Improves Ventricular Remodeling via ESR1 Downregulation RhoA/ROCK Pathway. Int Heart J 2023; 64:1148-1156. [PMID: 37967985 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.23-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus (Astragalus mongholicus) alleviates myocardial remodeling caused by hypertension. However, the detailed molecular mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of Astragalus on ventricular remodeling in ovariectomized spontaneous hypertensive rats (OVX-SHR).Female SHR/NCrl rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy to establish the OVX-SHR model and treated with Astragalus extract by gavage. The hemodynamics and cardiac function parameters were measured. HE and Masson staining were used to detect the pathological structure of myocardial remodeling and observe the hyperplasia of myocardial collagen fibers. The immunohistochemistry tested the level of α-SMA. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, IκB, p65, Cleaved-Caspase3, RhoA, and ROCK1/2 were detected using Western blot. The method of qRT-PCR measured the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9).Hemodynamic and cardiac function parameters were significantly improved after a high dose of Astragalus extract and Valsartan treatment. The myocardial integrity of the model group was significantly reduced, arranged loosely, and disordered, while the expression of α-SMA was increased. However, Astragalus extract and Valsartan treatments significantly reduced the pathological damage and α-SMA. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the model group were increased but decreased after Astragalus extract treatment. Adding an ESR1 inhibitor attenuated the improvement effect of Astragalus extract on myocardial remodeling and restored the expression of RhoA and ROCK1/2.Astragalus extract attenuates the cardiac damage in OVX-SHR by downregulating the RhoA/ROCK pathway through ESR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualei Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University
| | - Siming Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Yingxia Guan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Ji Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Xinjin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Xu Y, Lu M, Zhang L, Li C. Effect of Astragaloside IV on improving cardiac function in rats with heart failure: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1226008. [PMID: 37854719 PMCID: PMC10579795 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1226008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Astragaloside IV (ASIV) is the primary pharmacologically active compound found in Astragalus propinquus Schischkin, which has potential protective effects on cardiac function. However, there are almost no systematic evaluations of ASIV for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Methods: Preclinical studies published before 27 December 2022, were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, SinoMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP information database, and Wanfang Data information site. The quality of included research was evaluated using SYRCLE's RoB tool. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used to perform meta-analyses of the cardiac function parameters and other indicators. Regression analysis was conducted to observe the dose-efficacy relationship. Results: Nineteen studies involving 489 animals were included. Results indicated that compared with the control group, ASIV could enhance cardiac function indicators, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular pressure change rate (±dp/dtmax), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and left ventricular weight/body weight (LVW/BW). Furthermore, the regression analysis showed that the treatment of HF with ASIV was dose-dependent. Conclusion: Findings suggest that ASIV can inhibit cardiac hypertrophy by reducing cardiac preload and afterload, thereby protecting cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yongkai Xu
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Tao L, Liao J, Zhang X, Zheng R, Shang H. Association of medicinal plant consumption with all-cause mortality and cognitive impairment in older adult: A large prospective cohort study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154995. [PMID: 37516089 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng and other medicinal plants have long been believed to have beneficial effects on health, and there is substantial evidence supporting their mechanisms of action. However, the extent of the health benefits derived from consuming these medicinal plants lacks substantial evidence from large-scale longitudinal population studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of consuming these medicinal plants on all-cause mortality and cognitive impairment. METHODS A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which was established in 1998 and has been followed up till now. The main exposure was the frequency of eating medicinal plants, including Panax ginseng, Astragalus membranaceus, Lycium barbarum, Angelica sinensis, etc. According to the consumption patterns of medicinal plants, the participants were divided into three groups: frequent use, occasional use, and rarely or never use group. The participants were individually tracked to determine their mortality and cognitive impairment status during the period from 2008 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risk model were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for the association between the use of medicinal plants and the all-cause mortality and cognitive impairment. RESULTS Among 13,918 participants, the average age was 87.2 ± 11.3 years old, and 70.1% (9,754/13,918) of the participants died during follow-up. The proportion of those frequently using, occasionally using, and rarely using medicinal plants was 8.4%, 20.7%, and 70.8%, respectively. Compared with the rarely or never use group, the occasional and frequent use groups demonstrated significantly lower risks for all-cause mortality, with HR of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71 - 0.79) and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.49 - 0.58), respectively. The protective effect of medicinal plants against all-cause mortality decreased with increasing age in the subgroup analysis. Additionally, frequent use of medicinal plants reduced the risk of cognitive impairment in the competing risk model (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60 - 0.87). However, there was no protective effect on cognitive function for those who occasional use medicinal plants. CONCLUSION In elderly individuals, occasional and frequent use of medicinal plants was associated with reductions in risk of all-cause mortality, and frequent use of medicinal plants could reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Tao
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Liao
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Xu J, Jiang Z, Peng J, Sun R, Zhang L, Chen Y, Pan D, Huang J, Gong Z, Chen Y, Shen X. Fabrication of a protein-dextran conjugates formed oral nanoemulsion and its application to deliver the essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet Fructus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125918. [PMID: 37495002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The injury of vascular endothelial cells caused by high glucose (HG) is one of the driving factors of vascular complications of diabetes. Oral administration is the most common route of administration for the treatment of diabetes and its vascular complications. Essential oil extracts from Chinese medicine possess potential therapeutic effects on vascular endothelial injury. However, low solubility and volatility of essential oils generally result in poor oral absorption. Development of nanocarriers for essential oils is a promising strategy to overcome the physiological barriers of oral absorption. In this study, a nanoemulsion composed of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-dextran sulfate (DS) conjugate and sodium deoxycholate (SD) was constructed. The nanoemulsions were verified with promoted oral absorption and prolonged circulation time. After the primary evaluation of the nanoemulsion, essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet Fructus (EOFAZ)-loaded nanoemulsion (denoted as EOFAZ@BD5/S) was prepared and characterized. Compared to the free EOFAZ, EOFAZ@BD5/S increased the protective effects on HG-induced HUVEC injury in vitro and ameliorative effects on the vascular endothelium disorder and tunica media fibroelastosis in a T2DM mouse model. Collectively, this study provides a nanoemulsion for the oral delivery of essential oils, which holds strong promise in the treatment of diabetes-induced vascular endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhuan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhaohui Jiang
- The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jianqing Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Di Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Li X, Yang X, Lu H, Wang W, Cai L, Chen J, Wang Y. Calycosin attenuates the inflammatory damage of microglia induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1415-1424. [PMID: 37528661 PMCID: PMC10520471 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke seriously threatens human life and health worldwide, but only very few effective stroke medicines are currently available. Our previous studies have indicated that the phytoestrogen calycosin exerts neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury rats. Therefore, the objective of this study is to further explore the protective effect of calycosin on inflammatory injury in microglia after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and to clarify whether its protective effect is related to the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Here, the OGD/R model of rodent microglia is established in vitro to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Through the CCK-8 test, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis, we find that the activity of microglia is decreased, the expressions of HMGB1 and TLR4 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB (p-NF-κB) are increased, and the releases of the inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α are increased after OGD/R. Pretreatment with calycosin could ameliorate these states, increase cell viability, reduce HMGB1, TLR4 and p-NF-κB expression, and reduce inflammatory cytokine production. In addition, the effect of calycosin is similar to that of TAK-242 (an inhibitor of TLR4), and the effect of the combined treatment is better than that of the single treatment. The results indicate that calycosin protects microglia from OGD/R injury and reduces the inflammatory response. Calycosin might alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental RegulationGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental RegulationGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
| | - Huiling Lu
- Department of Pathology and PhysiopathologyGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryNanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionGuilin541002China
| | - Le Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental RegulationGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental RegulationGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental RegulationGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
- Department of PhysiologyGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin541199China
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Li N, Zhang R, Zhou J, Huang Z. Structures, Biochemical Characteristics, and Functions of β-Xylosidases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7961-7976. [PMID: 37192316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The complete degradation of abundant xylan derived from plants requires the participation of β-xylosidases to produce the xylose which can be converted to xylitol, ethanol, and other valuable chemicals. Some phytochemicals can also be hydrolyzed by β-xylosidases into bioactive substances, such as ginsenosides, 10-deacetyltaxol, cycloastragenol, and anthocyanidins. On the contrary, some hydroxyl-containing substances such as alcohols, sugars, and phenols can be xylosylated by β-xylosidases into new chemicals such as alkyl xylosides, oligosaccharides, and xylosylated phenols. Thus, β-xylosidases shows great application prospects in food, brewing, and pharmaceutical industries. This review focuses on the molecular structures, biochemical properties, and bioactive substance transformation function of β-xylosidases derived from bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and metagenomes. The molecular mechanisms of β-xylosidases related to the properties and functions are also discussed. This review will serve as a reference for the engineering and application of β-xylosidases in food, brewing, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Education Department for Plateau Characteristic Food Enzymes, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Education Department for Plateau Characteristic Food Enzymes, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Junpei Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Education Department for Plateau Characteristic Food Enzymes, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Education Department for Plateau Characteristic Food Enzymes, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
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Chen CY, Zhang R, Zhang LJ, Hu ZY, Wang SP, Mei X, Mi W, Zhang JY. Biotransformation and bioaccessibility of active ingredients from Radix Astragali by Poria cocos during solid-state fermentation and in vitro digestion and antioxidant activity evaluation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6888. [PMID: 37106016 PMCID: PMC10140279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Astragali is one of the most famous and frequently used health food supplements and herbal medicines. Among more than 227 components of Radix Astragali, Astragaloside IV (AG IV) is famous functional compound and is commonly used as a quality marker for Radix Astragali. However, the relatively low content of AG IV in Radix Astragali (< 0.04%, w/w) severely limits its application. The purpose of this study is to improve the biotransformation of AG IV and its bioaccessibility during in vitro digestion by Poria cocos solid fermenting Radix Astragali. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: Inoculation amount 8 mL; fermentation time 10 d; fermentation humidity 90%. Through fermentation, the content of AG IV was increased from 384.73 to 1986.49 μg/g by 5.16-fold. After in vitro digestion, the contents of genistin, calycosin, formononetin, AG IV, Astragaloside II (AG II) and total flavonoids in fermented Radix Astragali (FRA) of enteric phase II (ENTII) were 34.52 μg/g, 207.32 μg/g, 56.76 μg/g, 2331.46 μg/g, 788.31 μg/g, 3.37 mg/g, which were 2.08-fold, 2.51-fold, 1.05-fold, 8.62-fold, 3.22-fold and 1.50-fold higher than those of control, respectively. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of FRA showed rough surface and porous structure. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rate of FRA were higher than those of control. These results showed that the Poria cocos solid fermentation could increase the content of the AG IV in Radix Astragali and improve the bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of Radix Astragali, which is providing new ideas for future development and utilization of Radix Astragali.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hu
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Mei
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Mi
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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Yao J, Liu J, He Y, Liu L, Xu Z, Lin X, Liu N, Kai G. Systems pharmacology reveals the mechanism of Astragaloside IV in improving immune activity on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116533. [PMID: 37100262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myelosuppression, also known as bone marrow suppression (BMS), is a pathological phenomenon of the decrease in the production of blood cells and further lead to immune homeostasis disorder. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (AM, checked with The World Flora Online, http://www.worldfloraonline.org, updated on January 30, 2023) is a traditional Chinese medicine with efficacy of tonifying Qi and strengthening body immunity in thousands of years of clinical practice in China. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient of AM, which plays an important role in regulating immune system through different ways. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of AS-IV on macrophages in vitro and cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice in vivo, and to provide experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of AS-IV in myelosuppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, the core targets and signaling pathways of saponins of AM against myelosuppression were screened. And then, the immunoregulatory effect of AS-IV on RAW264.7 cells was investigated by cellular immune activity and cellular secretion analysis in vitro. In this way, the effects of AS-IV on the main potential targets of HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot methods. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis of the effects of AS-IV against CTX-induced mice were conducted on the basis of immune organs indices analysis, histopathological analysis, hematological analysis, natural killer cell activity analysis and spleen lymphocyte transformation activity analysis. In order to further verify the relationship between active ingredients and action targets, drug inhibitor experiments were finally conducted. RESULTS AS-IV, as a potential anti-myelosuppressive compound, was screened by systematic pharmacological methods to act on target genes including HIF1A and RELA together with the HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway. Further studies by molecular docking technology showed that AS-IV had good binding activity with HIF1A, RELA, TNF, IL6, IL1B and other core targets. Besides, cellular and animal experiments validation results showed that AS-IV could enhance the migration and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells, and protect the immune organs such as spleen and thymus together with bone tissues from damage. By this means, immune cell function including spleen natural killer cell and lymphocyte transformation activity were also enhanced. In addition, white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets and bone marrow cells were also significantly improved in the suppressed bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). In kinetic experiments, the secretion of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were increased, and IL-10, TGF-β1 were decreased. The key regulatory proteins such as HIF-1α, NF-κB, PHD3 in HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway were also regulated in the results of upregulated expression of HIF-1α, p-NF-κB p65 and PHD3 at the protein or mRNA level. Finally, the inhibition experiment results suggested that AS-IV could significantly improve protein response in immunity and inflammation such as HIF-1α, NF-κB and PHD3. CONCLUSION AS-IV could significantly relieve CTX-induced immunosuppressive and might improve the immune activity of macrophages by activating HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway, and provide a reliable basis for the clinical application of AS-IV as a potentially valuable regulator of BMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiong Yao
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Yining He
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Zonghui Xu
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xianming Lin
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, China.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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Hu Y, Zhai W, Tan D, Chen H, Zhang G, Tan X, Zheng Y, Gao W, Wei Y, Wu J, Yang X. Uncovering the effects and molecular mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its bioactive ingredients formononetin and calycosin against colon cancer: An integrated approach based on network pharmacology analysis coupled with experimental validation and molecular docking. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111912. [PMID: 36755950 PMCID: PMC9899812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a highly malignant cancer with poor prognosis. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (Huang Qi in Chinese, HQ), a well-known Chinese herbal medicine and a popular food additive, possesses various biological functions and has been frequently used for clinical treatment of colon cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Isoflavonoids, including formononetin (FMNT) and calycosin (CS), are the main bioactive ingredients isolated from HQ. Thus, this study aimed to explore the inhibitory effects and mechanism of HQ, FMNT and CS against colon cancer by using network pharmacology coupled with experimental validation and molecular docking. The network pharmacology analysis revealed that FMNT and CS exerted their anticarcinogenic actions against colon cancer by regulating multiple signaling molecules and pathways, including MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. The experimental validation data showed that HQ, FMNT and CS significantly suppressed the viability and proliferation, and promoted the apoptosis in colon cancer Caco2 and HT-29 cells. HQ, FMNT and CS also markedly inhibited the migration of Caco2 and HT-29 cells, accompanied by a marked increase in E-cadherin expression, and a notable decrease in N-cadherin and Vimentin expression. In addition, HQ, FMNT and CS strikingly decreased the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) without marked change in total ERK1/2 expression. They also slightly downregulated the p-Akt expression without significant alteration in total Akt expression. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the inactivation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway and the HQ, FMNT and CS-induced suppression of colon cancer. The molecular docking results indicated that FMNT and CS had a strong binding affinity for the key molecules of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusively, HQ, FMNT and CS exerted good therapeutic effects against colon cancer by mainly inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, suggesting that HQ, FMNT and CS could be useful supplements that may enhance chemotherapeutic outcomes and benefit colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Duanling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State, NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuanjing Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Gao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijie Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Jinjun Wu, ; Xin Yang,
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State, NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jinjun Wu, ; Xin Yang,
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Ma X, Lu J, Gu XR, Jia Y, Shen B, Weiming Y, Du GH, Zheng CB. Cardioprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Saponins on Cardiovascular Disease. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221147404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is among the most prevalent health problems worldwide and effective strategies for its prevention and treatment are urgently required. In this regard, increasing research has demonstrated that natural drugs offer antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic, and cardioprotective activities, and many are applied widely for the treatment of CVD and its manifestations such as myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular diseases, and coronary heart disease. Natural drugs have significant advantages in the treatment of CVD due to their efficacy and safety profiles. Saponins are an important class of active components of plant natural products and play an important role in the treatment of CVD. This review covers the most up-to-date information on saponins concerning their cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Molecular Discovery and Druggability Optimization, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xue-Rong Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yinnong Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Baochun Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Weiming
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Bo Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Liu X, Zhang H, Yan J, Li X, Li J, Hu J, Shang X, Yang H. Deciphering the Efficacy and Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus on High Altitude Polycythemia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Experiments. Nutrients 2022; 14:4968. [PMID: 36500998 PMCID: PMC9740273 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic exposure makes plateau migrators susceptible to high altitude polycythemia (HAPC). Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is an edible and medicinal plant with remarkable immunomodulatory activities. The purpose of this study was to discover if AM could be a candidate for the prevention of HAPC and its mechanism. Here, network pharmacology was applied to screen active compounds, key targets, and enriched pathways of AM in the treatment of HAPC. Molecular docking evaluated the affinity between compounds and core targets. Subsequently, the mechanisms of AM were further verified using the hypoxia exposure-induced mice model of HAPC. The network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking results identified 14 core targets of AM on HAPC, which were predominantly mainly enriched in the HIF-1 pathway. In the HAPC animal models, we found that AM inhibited the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into the erythroid lineage. It also suppressed the production of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in peripheral blood by reducing the expression of HIF-1α, EPO, VEGFA, and Gata-1 mRNA. Furthermore, AM downregulated the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ mRNA, thereby alleviating organ inflammation. In conclusion, AM supplementation alleviates hypoxia-induced HAPC in mice, and TNF-α, AKT1, HIF-1α, VEGFA, IL-6, and IL-1B may be the key targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jinxiao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jie Li
- General Station for Drug & Instrument Supervision and Control, Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Jialu Hu
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xuequn Shang
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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Gong F, Qu R, Li Y, Lv Y, Dai J. Astragalus Mongholicus: A review of its anti-fibrosis properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976561. [PMID: 36160396 PMCID: PMC9490009 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibrosis-related diseases (FRD) include cerebral fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis, renal fibrosis, peritoneal fibrosis, etc. The effects of fibrosis can be severe, resulting in organ dysfunction, functional decline, and even organ failure, which can cause serious health problems.Aim: Currently, there is no effective modern medicine for anti-fibrosis in the clinics; however, Chinese medicine has a certain beneficial effect on treating such diseases. Astragalus Mongholicus (AM) has rich medicinal value, and its anti-fibrosis effect has been recently investigated. In recent years, more and more experimental studies have been conducted on the intervention of astragaloside IV (AS-IV), astragalus polysaccharide (APS), astragalus flavone, cycloastragalus alcohol, astragalus water extract and other pharmacological components in fibrosis-related diseases, attracting the interest of researchers. We aim to provide ideas for future research by summarizing recent research advances of AM in treating fibrosis-related diseases.Methods: A literature search was conducted from the core collections of electronic databases such as Baidu Literature, Sciencen.com, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct using the above keywords and the pharmacological and phytochemical details of the plant.Results: AM can be used to intervene in fibrosis-disease progression by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, the immune system, and metabolism.Conclusion: AS-IV, APS, and astragalus flavone were studied and discussed in detail. These components have high potential anti-fibrosis activity. Overall, this review aims to gain insight into the AM’s role in treating fibro-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Gong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application and National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Lv, ; Jingxing Dai,
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application and National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Lv, ; Jingxing Dai,
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Chen G, Xu H, Xu T, Ding W, Zhang G, Hua Y, Wu Y, Han X, Xie L, Liu B, Zhou Y. Calycosin reduces myocardial fibrosis and improves cardiac function in post-myocardial infarction mice by suppressing TGFBR1 signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154277. [PMID: 35752078 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive myocardial fibrosis is the pathological basis of heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). Although calycosin improves cardiac function, its effect on cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function after MI in mice and its precise mechanism remain unclear. PURPOSE Here, we firstly investigated the effects of calycosin on cardiac fibrosis and ventricular function in mice after MI and the role of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) signaling in the amelioration of cardiac fibrosis and ventricular function. METHODS In vivo effects of calycosin on cardiac structure and function in mice with MI induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining, and echocardiography. The molecular mechanism of the interaction between TGFBR1 and calycosin was investigated using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), immunohistochemistry, and western blotting (WB). Subsequently, cardiac-specific Tgfbr1 knockout mice were used to verify the effects of calycosin. The effect of calycosin on primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) proliferation and collagen deposition was detected using cell counting (CCK-8), EdU assay, and WB in vitro. CFs infected with an adenovirus that encodes TGFBR1 were used to verify the effects of calycosin. RESULTS In vivo, calycosin attenuated myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction following MI in a dose-dependent pattern. Calycosin-TGFBR1 complex was found to have a binding energy of -9.04 kcal/mol based on molecular docking. In addition, calycosin bound steadily in the cavity of TGFBR1 during the MD simulation. Based on SPRi results, the solution equilibrium dissociation constant for calycosin and TGFBR1 was 5.11 × 10-5 M. Calycosin inhibited the expression of TGFBR1, Smad2/3, collagen I, and collagen III. The deletion of TGFBR1 partially counteracted these effects. In vitro, calycosin suppressed CFs proliferation and collagen deposition after TGF-β1 stimulation by suppressing the TGFBR1 signaling pathway. The suppressive effects of calycosin were partially rescued by overexpression of TGFBR1. CONCLUSION Calycosin attenuates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction following MI in mice in vivo via suppressing the TGFBR1 signaling pathway. Calycosin suppresses CFs proliferation and collagen deposition induced by TGF-β1 via inhibition of the TGFBR1 signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Guoyong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yue Hua
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lingpeng Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (ZengCheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Cycloastragenol Confers Cerebral Protection after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Suppressing Oxidative Insults and Neuroinflammation via the SIRT1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3099409. [PMID: 35693703 PMCID: PMC9184193 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3099409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an acute cerebral vascular disease featured by oxidative insults and neuroinflammation. Cycloastragenol (CAG), the major active component of Astragalus radix, has a wide range of biological functions. However, the potential beneficial effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of CAG on SAH remain obscure. In the current study, the cerebroprotective effects and mechanism of CAG on SAH were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. Our results indicated that CAG significantly suppressed SAH-triggered oxidative insults, inflammatory mediators production, microglia activation, and the neutrophil infiltration in the brain. In addition, CAG improved neurological function and ameliorated neuronal apoptosis and degeneration after SAH. In vitro results also revealed the therapeutic effects of CAG on neurons and microglia co-culture system. Mechanistically, CAG treatment upregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression, inhibited the levels of FoxO1, nuclear factor-kappa B, and p53 acetylation, and suppressed the subsequent oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways. In contrast, inhibiting SIRT1 by pretreatment with Ex527 abrogated the protective actions of CAG both in vivo and in vitro models of SAH. Collectively, our findings indicated that CAG could be a promising and effective drug candidate for SAH.
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Shang H, Zhang K, Guan Z, Zhang X. Optimization of evidence-based research in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease with traditional Chinese medicine: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Zeng J, Bao T, Yang K, Zhu X, Wang S, Xiang W, Ge A, Zeng L, Ge J. The mechanism of microglia-mediated immune inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical components in regulating microglia: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1047550. [PMID: 36818470 PMCID: PMC9933144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1047550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the early proinflammatory response resulting from the overactivation of resident microglia and the infiltration of circulating monocytes and macrophages in the brain after cerebral ischemia leads to secondary brain injury. Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain that constantly monitor the brain microenvironment under normal conditions. Once ischemia occurs, microglia are activated to produce dual effects of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and the balance of the two effects determines the fate of damaged neurons. The activation of microglia is defined as the classical activation (M1 type) or alternative activation (M2 type). M1 type microglia secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic mediators to exacerbate neuronal damage, while M2 type microglia promote a repairing anti-inflammatory response. Fine regulation of M1/M2 microglial activation to minimize damage and maximize protection has important therapeutic value. This review focuses on the interaction between M1/M2 microglia and other immune cells involved in the regulation of IS phenotypic characteristics, and the mechanism of natural plant components regulating microglia after IS, providing novel candidate drugs for regulating microglial balance and IS drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | | | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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