1
|
Sato N, Takahashi Y, Sugimura YK, Kato F. Presynaptic inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission from the calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing parabrachial neurons to the central amygdala in mice - unexpected influence of systemic inflammation thereon. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 154:264-273. [PMID: 38485344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The monosynaptic connection from the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) to the central amygdala (CeA) serves as a fundamental pathway for transmitting nociceptive signals to the brain. The LPB receives nociceptive information from the dorsal horn and spinal trigeminal nucleus and sends it to the "nociceptive" CeA, which modulates pain-associated emotions and nociceptive sensitivity. To elucidate the role of densely expressed mu-opioid receptors (MORs) within this pathway, we investigated the effects of exogenously applied opioids on LPB-CeA synaptic transmission, employing optogenetics in mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 in LPB neurons with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). A MOR agonist ([D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Glycinol5]-enkephalin, DAMGO) significantly reduced the amplitude of light-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (leEPSCs), in a manner negatively correlated with an increase in the paired-pulse ratio. An antagonist of MORs significantly attenuated these effects. Notably, this antagonist significantly increased leEPSC amplitude when applied alone, an effect further amplified in mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide injection 2 h before brain isolation, yet not observed at the 24-h mark. We conclude that opioids could shut off the ascending nociceptive signal at the LPB-CeA synapse through presynaptic mechanisms. Moreover, this gating process might be modulated by endogenous opioids, and the innate immune system influences this modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Sato
- Department of Neuroscience, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Center for Neuroscience of Pain, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yukari Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Center for Neuroscience of Pain, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yae K Sugimura
- Department of Neuroscience, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Center for Neuroscience of Pain, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Fusao Kato
- Department of Neuroscience, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan; Center for Neuroscience of Pain, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Q, Caraballo SG, Rychkov G, McGovern AE, Mazzone SB, Brierley SM, Harrington AM. Comparative localization of colorectal sensory afferent central projections in the mouse spinal cord dorsal horn and caudal medulla dorsal vagal complex. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25546. [PMID: 37837642 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The distal colon and rectum (colorectum) are innervated by spinal and vagal afferent pathways. The central circuits into which vagal and spinal afferents relay colorectal nociceptive information remain to be comparatively assessed. To address this, regional colorectal retrograde tracing and colorectal distension (CRD)-evoked neuronal activation were used to compare the circuits within the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and dorsal horn (thoracolumbar [TL] and lumbosacral [LS] spinal levels) into which vagal and spinal colorectal afferents project. Vagal afferent projections were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), area postrema (AP), and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), labeled from the rostral colorectum. In the NTS, projections were opposed to catecholamine and pontine parabrachial nuclei (PbN)-projecting neurons. Spinal afferent projections were labeled from rostral through to caudal aspects of the colorectum. In the dorsal horn, the number of neurons activated by CRD was linked to pressure intensity, unlike in the DVC. In the NTS, 13% ± 0.6% of CRD-activated neurons projected to the PbN. In the dorsal horn, at the TL spinal level, afferent input was associated with PbN-projecting neurons in lamina I (LI), with 63% ± 3.15% of CRD-activated neurons in LI projecting to the PbN. On the other hand, at the LS spinal level, only 18% ± 0.6% of CRD-activated neurons in LI projected to the PbN. The collective data identify differences in the central neuroanatomy that support the disparate roles of vagal and spinal afferent signaling in the facilitation and modulation of colorectal nociceptive responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- QingQing Wang
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sonia Garcia Caraballo
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Grigori Rychkov
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alice E McGovern
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart B Mazzone
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrea M Harrington
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dou Z, Su N, Zhou Z, Mi A, Xu L, Zhou J, Sun S, Liu Y, Hao M, Li Z. Modulation of visceral pain by brain nuclei and brain circuits and the role of acupuncture: a narrative review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1243232. [PMID: 38027491 PMCID: PMC10646320 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1243232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain is a complex and heterogeneous pain condition that is often associated with pain-related negative emotional states, including anxiety and depression, and can exert serious effects on a patient's physical and mental health. According to modeling stimulation protocols, the current animal models of visceral pain mainly include the mechanical dilatation model, the ischemic model, and the inflammatory model. Acupuncture can exert analgesic effects by integrating and interacting input signals from acupuncture points and the sites of pain in the central nervous system. The brain nuclei involved in regulating visceral pain mainly include the nucleus of the solitary tract, parabrachial nucleus (PBN), locus coeruleus (LC), rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the amygdala. The neural circuits involved are PBN-amygdala, LC-RVM, amygdala-insula, ACC-amygdala, claustrum-ACC, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis-PVN and the PVN-ventral lateral septum circuit. Signals generated by acupuncture can modulate the central structures and interconnected neural circuits of multiple brain regions, including the medulla oblongata, cerebral cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus. This analgesic process also involves the participation of various neurotransmitters and/or receptors, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, glutamate, and enkephalin. In addition, acupuncture can regulate visceral pain by influencing functional connections between different brain regions and regulating glucose metabolism. However, there are still some limitations in the research efforts focusing on the specific brain mechanisms associated with the effects of acupuncture on the alleviation of visceral pain. Further animal experiments and clinical studies are now needed to improve our understanding of this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Dou
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Na Su
- First Clinical Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Aoyue Mi
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Luyao Xu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Jiazheng Zhou
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Sizhe Sun
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Yanyi Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Mingyao Hao
- External Treatment Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
- International Office, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olfactory Stimulation Successfully Modulates the Neurochemical, Biochemical and Behavioral Phenotypes of the Visceral Pain. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217659. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain (VP) is the organ-derived nociception in which increased inflammatory reaction and exaggerated activation of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) may contribute to this deficiency. Considering the amygdala also serves as the integration center for olfaction, the present study aimed to determine whether olfactory stimulation (OS) would effectively depress over-activation and inflammatory reaction in CeA, and successfully relieve VP-induced abnormalities. Adult rats subjected to intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid inhaled lavender essential oil for 2 or 4 h. The potential benefits of OS were determined by measuring the pro-inflammatory cytokine level, intracellular potassium and the upstream small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channel expression, together with detecting the stress transmitters that participated in the modulation of CeA activity. Results indicated that in VP rats, strong potassium intensity, reduced SK channel protein level, and increased corticotropin-releasing factor, c-fos, and substance P immuno-reactivities were detected in CeA. Enhanced CeA activation corresponded well with increased inflammatory reaction and decreased locomotion, respectively. However, in rats subjected to VP and received OS, all above parameters were significantly returned to normal levels with higher change detected in treating OS of 4h. As OS successfully depresses inflammation and CeA over-activation, application of OS may serve as an alternative and effective strategy to efficiently relieve VP-induced deficiency.
Collapse
|
5
|
Teuchmann HL, Hogri R, Heinke B, Sandkühler J. Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Aversive Drugs Differentially Modulate Distinct Inputs to the Rat Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:1410-1426. [PMID: 35339662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.03.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) plays an important role in the processing and establishment of pain aversion. It receives direct input from the superficial dorsal horn and forms reciprocal connections with the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG), which is critical for adaptive behaviour and the modulation of pain processing. Here, using in situ hybridization and optogenetics combined with in vitro electrophysiology, we characterized the spinal- and PAG-LPBN circuits of rats. We found spinoparabrachial projections to be strictly glutamatergic, while PAG neurons send glutamatergic and GABAergic projections to the LPBN. We next investigated the effects of drugs with anti-aversive and/or anti-nociceptive properties on these synapses: The µ-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO (10 µM) reduced spinal and PAG synaptic inputs onto LPBN neurons, and the excitability of LPBN neurons receiving these inputs. The benzodiazepine receptor agonist diazepam (5 µM) strongly enhanced GABAergic action at inhibitory PAG-LPBN synapses. The cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 (5 µM) led to a reduction in inhibitory and excitatory PAG-LPBN synaptic transmission, without affecting excitatory spinoparabrachial synaptic transmission. Our study reveals that opioid, cannabinoid and benzodiazepine receptor agonists differentially affect distinct LPBN synapses. These findings may support the efforts to develop pinpointed therapies for pain patients. PERSPECTIVE: The LPBN is an important brain region for the control of pain aversion versus recuperation, and as such constitutes a promising target for developing new strategies for pain management. We show that clinically-relevant drugs have complex and pathway-specific effects on LPBN processing of putative nociceptive and aversive inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Luise Teuchmann
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roni Hogri
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Heinke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Sandkühler
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu R, Liu J, Vu J, Huang Y, Dietz DM, Li JX. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) in the nucleus accumbens regulates opioid-seeking behavior in male rats. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 101:37-48. [PMID: 34958862 PMCID: PMC8885906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid addiction remains a severe health problem. While substantial insights underlying opioid addiction have been yielded from neuron-centric studies, the contribution of non-neuronal mechanisms to opioid-related behavioral adaptations has begun to be recognized. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a pattern recognition receptor, has been widely suggested in opioid-related behaviors. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is a kinase essential for TLR4 responses, However, the potential role of IRAK4 in opioid-related responses has not been examined. Here, we explored the role of IRAK4 in cue-induced opioid-seeking behavior in male rats. We found that morphine self-administration increased the phosphorylation level of IRAK4 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in rats; the IRAK4 signaling remained activated after morphine extinction and cue-induced reinstatement test. Both systemic and local inhibition of IRAK4 in the NAc core attenuated cue-induced morphine-seeking behavior without affecting the locomotor activity and cue-induced sucrose-seeking. In addition, inhibition of IRAK4 also reduced the cue-induced reinstatement of fentanyl-seeking. Our findings suggest an important role of IRAK4 in opioid relapse-like behaviors and provide novel evidence in the association between innate immunity and drug addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY,Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jimmy Vu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Yufei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - David M. Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mauvais-Jarvis F, Berthold HK, Campesi I, Carrero JJ, Dakal S, Franconi F, Gouni-Berthold I, Heiman ML, Kautzky-Willer A, Klein SL, Murphy A, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Reue K, Rubin JB. Sex- and Gender-Based Pharmacological Response to Drugs. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:730-762. [PMID: 33653873 PMCID: PMC7938661 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the combination of all sex-specific genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal influences of biologic sex produces different in vivo environments for male and female cells. We dissect how these influences of sex modify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple drugs and provide examples for common drugs acting on specific organ systems. We also discuss how gender of physicians and patients may influence the therapeutic response to drugs. We aim to highlight sex as a genetic modifier of the pharmacological response to drugs, which should be considered as a necessary step toward precision medicine that will benefit men and women. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study discusses the influences of biologic sex on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs and provides examples for common drugs acting on specific organ systems. This study also discusses how gender of physicians and patients influence the therapeutic response to drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Heiner K Berthold
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Juan-Jesus Carrero
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Santosh Dakal
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Mark L Heiman
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Sabra L Klein
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Anne Murphy
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Karen Reue
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Section of Endocrinology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Diabetes Discovery and Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (F.M.-J.); Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany (H.K.B.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy (I.C.); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (J.-J.C.); W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (S.D., S.L.K.); Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy (F.F.); Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (I.G.-B.); Scioto Biosciences, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.L.H.); Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna and Gender Institute Gars am Kamp, Vienna, Austria (A.K.-W.); Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (A.M.); Berlin Institute of Gender Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany and University of Zürich, Switzerland (V.R.-Z.); Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (K.R.); and Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (J.B.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dependency on sex and stimulus quality of nociceptive behavior in a conscious visceral pain rat model. Neurosci Lett 2021; 746:135667. [PMID: 33493648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Visceral pain may be influenced by many factors. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of sex and quality of intracolonic mechanical stimulus on the behavioral manifestations of visceral pain in a preclinical model. Male and female young adult Wistar rats were sedated, and a 5 cm long latex balloon was inserted into the colon. Sedation was reverted and behavior was recorded. The pressure of the intracolonic balloon was gradually increased using a sphygmomanometer. Visceral sensitivity was measured as abdominal contractions in response to mechanical intracolonic stimulation. Two different types of stimulation were used: tonic and phasic. Phasic stimulation consisted of repeating several times (3x) the same short stimulus (20 s) within a 5 min interval allowing a 1 min break between individual stimuli. For tonic stimulation the stimulus was maintained throughout the whole 5 min interval. Both phasic and tonic stimulation produced a pressure-dependent increase of abdominal contractions. The abdominal response was more intense under phasic than under tonic stimulation, but with differences depending on the sex of the animals: females exhibited more contractions than males and of similar duration at all pressures, whereas duration of contractions pressure-dependently increased in males. The duration of tonically stimulated contractions was lower and not sex- or pressure-dependent. In the rat, responses to colonic distension depend on the quality of the stimulus, which also produces sex-dependent differences that must be taken into account in the development of models of pathology and visceral pain treatments.
Collapse
|
9
|
Comparing Gene Expression in the Parabrachial and Amygdala of Diestrus and Proestrus Female Rats after Orofacial Varicella Zoster Injection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165749. [PMID: 32796585 PMCID: PMC7461146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The orofacial pain pathway projects to the parabrachial and amygdala, and sex steroids have been shown to affect neuronal activity in these regions. GABA positive cells in the amygdala are influenced by sex steroid metabolites to affect pain, and sex steroids have been shown to alter the expression of genes in the parabrachial, changing neuronal excitability. Mechanisms by which sex steroids affect amygdala and parabrachial signaling are unclear. The expression of genes in the parabrachial and amygdala in diestrus (low estradiol) and proestrus (high estradiol) female rats were evaluated in this study. First, varicella zoster virus was injected into the whisker pad of female rats to induce a pain response. Second, gene expression was quantitated using RNA-seq one week after injection. Genes that had the greatest change in expression and known to function in pain signaling were selected for the quantitation of protein content. Protein expression of four genes in the parabrachial and seven genes in the amygdala were quantitated by ELISA. In the parabrachial, neurexin 3 (Nrnx3) was elevated at proestrus. Nrnx3 has a role in AMPA receptor and GABA signaling. Neuronatin (Nnat) and protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1E (Ppm1e) were elevated in the parabrachial of diestrus animals both genes having a role in pain signaling. Epoxide hydroxylase (Ephx2) was elevated in the parabrachial at proestrus and the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) was elevated in the amygdala. Ephx2 antagonists and vitamin D have been used to treat neuropathic pain. In conclusion, sex steroids regulate genes in the parabrachial and amygdala that might result in the greater pain response observed during diestrus.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nasser SA, Afify EA. Sex differences in pain and opioid mediated antinociception: Modulatory role of gonadal hormones. Life Sci 2019; 237:116926. [PMID: 31614148 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sex-related differences in pain and opioids has been the focus of many researches. It is demonstrated that women experience greater clinical pain, lower pain threshold and tolerance, more sensitivity and distress to experimentally induced pain compared to men. Sex differences in response to opioid treatment revealed inconsistent results. However, the etiology of these disparities is not fully elucidated. It is, therefore, conceivable now that this literature merits to be revisited comprehensively. Possible multifaceted factors seem to be associated. These include neuroanatomical, hormonal, neuroimmunological, psychological, social and cultural aspects and comorbidities. This review aims at providing an overview of the substantial literature documenting the sex differences in pain and analgesic response to opioids from animal and human studies within the context of the modulatory effects of the aforementioned factors. A detailed and critical discussion of the cellular and molecular signaling pathways underlying the modulatory actions of gonadal hormones in the sexual dimorphism in pain processing and opioid analgesia is extensively presented. It is indicated that sexual dimorphic activation of certain brain regions contributes to differential pain sensitivity between females and males. Plausible crosstalk between sex hormones and neuroimmunological signaling pertinent to toll-like and purinergic receptors is uncovered as causal cues underlying sexually dimorphic pain and opioid analgesia. Conceivably, a thorough understanding of these factors may aid in sex-related advancement in pain therapeutic management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elham A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gebhart VM, Caldwell JD, Rodewald A, Kalyvianaki K, Kampa M, Jirikowski GF. Estrogen receptors and sex hormone binding globulin in neuronal cells and tissue. Steroids 2019; 142:94-99. [PMID: 30030052 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens exert a critical influence on neuronal tissues and cells. As demonstrated in many clinical studies, estrogens are neuroprotective to the extent that they improve prognosis for women with neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, we still do not know exactly how these effects are mediated. Fifty years ago the first estrogen receptor was found, but since then many other new pathways of estrogen action have been identified. This review describes several of these pathways of estrogen effects and provides some conclusions and correlations about these as determined by recent studies with nerve growth factor differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack D Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, United States
| | | | - Konstantina Kalyvianaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Averitt DL, Eidson LN, Doyle HH, Murphy AZ. Neuronal and glial factors contributing to sex differences in opioid modulation of pain. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:155-165. [PMID: 29973654 PMCID: PMC6235988 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Morphine remains one of the most widely prescribed opioids for alleviation of persistent and/or severe pain; however, multiple preclinical and clinical studies report that morphine is less efficacious in females compared to males. Morphine primarily binds to the mu opioid receptor, a prototypical G-protein coupled receptor densely localized in the midbrain periaqueductal gray. Anatomical and physiological studies conducted in the 1960s identified the periaqueductal gray, and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial medulla and spinal cord, as an essential descending inhibitory circuit mediating opioid-based analgesia. Remarkably, the majority of studies published over the following 30 years were conducted in males with the implicit assumption that the anatomical and physiological characteristics of this descending inhibitory circuit were comparable in females; not surprisingly, this is not the case. Several factors have since been identified as contributing to the dimorphic effects of opioids, including sex differences in the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological characteristics of the descending inhibitory circuit and its modulation by gonadal steroids. Recent data also implicate sex differences in opioid metabolism and neuroimmune signaling as additional contributing factors. Here we cohesively present these lines of evidence demonstrating a neural basis for sex differences in opioid modulation of pain, with a focus on the PAG as a sexually dimorphic core of descending opioid-induced inhibition and argue for the development of sex-specific pain therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayna L Averitt
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204, USA
| | - Lori N Eidson
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hillary H Doyle
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Anne Z Murphy
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khasabov SG, Malecha P, Noack J, Tabakov J, Giesler GJ, Simone DA. Hyperalgesia and sensitization of dorsal horn neurons following activation of NK-1 receptors in the rostral ventromedial medulla. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:2727-2744. [PMID: 28794197 PMCID: PMC5675905 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00478.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) project to the spinal cord and are involved in descending modulation of pain. Several studies have shown that activation of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors in the RVM produces hyperalgesia, although the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In parallel studies, we compared behavioral measures of hyperalgesia to electrophysiological responses of nociceptive dorsal horn neurons produced by activation of NK-1 receptors in the RVM. Injection of the selective NK-1 receptor agonist Sar9,Met(O2)11-substance P (SSP) into the RVM produced dose-dependent mechanical and heat hyperalgesia that was blocked by coadministration of the selective NK-1 receptor antagonist L-733,060. In electrophysiological studies, responses evoked by mechanical and heat stimuli were obtained from identified high-threshold (HT) and wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons. Injection of SSP into the RVM enhanced responses of WDR neurons, including identified neurons that project to the parabrachial area, to mechanical and heat stimuli. Since intraplantar injection of capsaicin produces robust hyperalgesia and sensitization of nociceptive spinal neurons, we examined whether this sensitization was dependent on NK-1 receptors in the RVM. Pretreatment with L-733,060 into the RVM blocked the sensitization of dorsal horn neurons produced by capsaicin. c-Fos labeling was used to determine the spatial distribution of dorsal horn neurons that were sensitized by NK-1 receptor activation in the RVM. Consistent with our electrophysiological results, administration of SSP into the RVM increased pinch-evoked c-Fos expression in the dorsal horn. It is suggested that targeting this descending pathway may be effective in reducing persistent pain.NEW & NOTEWORTHY It is known that activation of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), a main output area for descending modulation of pain, produces hyperalgesia. Here we show that activation of NK-1 receptors produces hyperalgesia by sensitizing nociceptive dorsal horn neurons. Targeting this pathway at its origin or in the spinal cord may be an effective approach for pain management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey G Khasabov
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Patrick Malecha
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Joseph Noack
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Janneta Tabakov
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Glenn J Giesler
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Donald A Simone
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guajardo HM, Snyder K, Ho A, Valentino RJ. Sex Differences in μ-Opioid Receptor Regulation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus and Their Cognitive Consequences. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:1295-1304. [PMID: 27827371 PMCID: PMC5437881 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Stress-related neuropsychiatric pathologies are more prevalent in females compared with males. An important component of the stress response is activation of the locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine system. Because LC activation is tempered by endogenous opioid release during stress, the magnitude of opioid regulation of the LC could determine stress vulnerability. Here we report convergent evidence for decreased μ-opioid receptor (MOR) function in the female rat LC. The selective MOR agonist, DAMGO (10 pg), completely inhibited LC discharge of male but not female rats and DAMGO (30 pg) produced no further inhibition of female LC neurons. Consistent with a decreased maximum DAMGO response, MOR protein and mRNA expression were decreased in female compared with male LC. These molecular and cellular sex differences were associated with sexually distinct effects of LC-MOR activation on cognitive processing in an operant strategy-shifting task. Although DAMGO (10 pg intra-LC) increased the number of trials to reach criterion for both sexes, it increased the duration to complete the task and the total number of errors selectively in males. Specifically, DAMGO increased premature responses, regressive errors, and random errors in males and perseverative errors in females. The sexually distinct cognitive consequences of activating LC-MOR may contribute to sex differences in opioid abuse patterns and may guide sex-specific therapies. Finally, given evidence that endogenous opioids restrain stress-induced LC activation and promote recovery of activity to pre-stress levels, decreased MOR function in the female LC could contribute to LC-NE overactivity that underlies the hyperarousal symptoms of stress-related psychiatric diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herminio M Guajardo
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin Snyder
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Ho
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rita J Valentino
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 402D Abramson Pediatric Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, Tel: 215-590-0650; Fax: 215-590-3364, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sex Differences in Microglia Activity within the Periaqueductal Gray of the Rat: A Potential Mechanism Driving the Dimorphic Effects of Morphine. J Neurosci 2017; 37:3202-3214. [PMID: 28219988 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2906-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although morphine remains the primary drug prescribed for alleviation of severe or persistent pain, both preclinical and clinical studies have shown that females require two to three times more morphine than males to produce comparable levels of analgesia. In addition to binding to the neuronal μ-opioid receptor, morphine binds to the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) localized primarily on microglia. Morphine action at TLR4 initiates a neuroinflammatory response that directly opposes the analgesic effects of morphine. Here, we test the hypothesis that the attenuated response to morphine observed in females is the result of increased microglia activation in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), a central locus mediating the antinociceptive effects of morphine. We report that, whereas no overall sex differences in the density of microglia were noted within the PAG of male or female rats, microglia exhibited a more "activated" phenotype in females at baseline, with the degree of activation a significant predictor of morphine half-maximal antinociceptive dose (ED50) values. Priming microglia with LPS induced greater microglia activation in the PAG of females compared with males and was accompanied by increased transcription levels of IL-1β and a significant rightward shift in the morphine dose-response curve. Blockade of morphine binding to PAG TLR4 with (+)-naloxone potentiated morphine antinociception significantly in females such that no sex differences in ED50 were observed. These results demonstrate that PAG microglia are sexually dimorphic in both basal and LPS-induced activation and contribute to the sexually dimorphic effects of morphine in the rat.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We demonstrate that periaqueductal gray (PAG) microglia contribute to the sexually dimorphic effects of morphine. Specifically, we report that increased activation of microglia in the PAG contributes to the attenuated response to morphine observed in females. Our data further implicate the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as an underlying mechanism mediating these effects and establish that TLR4 inhibition in the PAG of females reverses the sex differences in morphine responsiveness. These data suggest novel methods to improve current opioid-based pain management via inhibition of glial TLR4 and illustrate the necessity for sex-specific research and individualized treatment strategies for the management of pain in men and women.
Collapse
|
16
|
Melchior M, Poisbeau P, Gaumond I, Marchand S. Insights into the mechanisms and the emergence of sex-differences in pain. Neuroscience 2016; 338:63-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
17
|
Shenoy PA, Kuo A, Vetter I, Smith MT. The Walker 256 Breast Cancer Cell- Induced Bone Pain Model in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:286. [PMID: 27630567 PMCID: PMC5005431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with terminal breast cancer show signs of bone metastasis, the most common cause of pain in cancer. Clinically available drug treatment options for the relief of cancer-associated bone pain are limited due to either inadequate pain relief and/or dose-limiting side-effects. One of the major hurdles in understanding the mechanism by which breast cancer causes pain after metastasis to the bones is the lack of suitable preclinical models. Until the late twentieth century, all animal models of cancer induced bone pain involved systemic injection of cancer cells into animals, which caused severe deterioration of animal health due to widespread metastasis. In this mini-review we have discussed details of a recently developed and highly efficient preclinical model of breast cancer induced bone pain: Walker 256 cancer cell- induced bone pain in rats. The model involves direct localized injection of cancer cells into a single tibia in rats, which avoids widespread metastasis of cancer cells and hence animals maintain good health throughout the experimental period. This model closely mimics the human pathophysiology of breast cancer induced bone pain and has great potential to aid in the process of drug discovery for treating this intractable pain condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyank A Shenoy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andy Kuo
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maree T Smith
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Holschneider DP, Guo Y, Mayer EA, Wang Z. Early life stress elicits visceral hyperalgesia and functional reorganization of pain circuits in adult rats. Neurobiol Stress 2016; 3:8-22. [PMID: 26751119 PMCID: PMC4700548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is a risk factor for developing functional gastrointestinal disorders, and has been proposed to be related to a central amplification of sensory input and resultant visceral hyperalgesia. We sought to characterize ELS-related changes in functional brain responses during acute noxious visceral stimulation. Neonatal rats (males/females) were exposed to limited bedding (ELS) or standard bedding (controls) on postnatal days 2–9. Age 10–11 weeks, animals were implanted with venous cannulas and transmitters for abdominal electromyography (EMG). Cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was mapped during colorectal distension (CRD) using [14C]-iodoantipyrine autoradiography, and analyzed in three-dimensionally reconstructed brains by statistical parametric mapping and functional connectivity. EMG responses to CRD were increased after ELS, with no evidence of a sex difference. ELS rats compared to controls showed a greater significant positive correlation of EMG with amygdalar rCBF. Factorial analysis revealed a significant main effect of ‘ELS’ on functional activation of nodes within the pain pathway (somatosensory, insular, cingulate and prefrontal cortices, locus coeruleus/lateral parabrachial n. [LC/LPB], periaqueductal gray, sensory thalamus), as well as in the amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus. In addition, ELS resulted in an increase in the number of significant functional connections (i.e. degree centrality) between regions within the pain circuit, including the amygdala, LC/LPB, insula, anterior ventral cingulate, posterior cingulate (retrosplenium), and stria terminalis, with decreases noted in the sensory thalamus and the hippocampus. Sex differences in rCBF were less broadly expressed, with significant differences noted at the level of the cortex, amygdala, dorsal hippocampus, raphe, sensory thalamus, and caudate-putamen. ELS showed a sexually dimorphic effect (‘Sex x ELS’ interaction) at the LC/LPB complex, globus pallidus, hypothalamus, raphe, septum, caudate-putamen and cerebellum. Our results suggest that ELS alters functional activation of the thalamo-cortico-amydala pathway, as well as the emotional-arousal network (amygdala, locus coeruleus), with evidence that ELS may additionally show sexually dimorphic effects on brain function. Early life stress (ELS) elicits visceral hyperalgesia in adult offspring. ELS alters functional activation of the thalamo-cortico-amydala pathway. ELS shows a sexually dimorphic effects on brain function. Functional imaging-based endpoints promise improved animal-to-human translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D P Holschneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Departments of Neurology, Cell and Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E A Mayer
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America; Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Departments of Physiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Traub RJ, Ji Y. Sex differences and hormonal modulation of deep tissue pain. Front Neuroendocrinol 2013; 34:350-66. [PMID: 23872333 PMCID: PMC3830473 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Women disproportionately suffer from many deep tissue pain conditions. Experimental studies show that women have lower pain thresholds, higher pain ratings and less tolerance to a range of painful stimuli. Most clinical and epidemiological reports suggest female gonadal hormones modulate pain for some, but not all, conditions. Similarly, animal studies support greater nociceptive sensitivity in females in many deep tissue pain models. Gonadal hormones modulate responses in primary afferents, dorsal horn neurons and supraspinal sites, but the direction of modulation is variable. This review will examine sex differences in deep tissue pain in humans and animals focusing on the role of gonadal hormones (mainly estradiol) as an underlying component of the modulation of pain sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Traub
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore St., 8 South, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Pain Studies, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Amandusson Å, Blomqvist A. Estrogenic influences in pain processing. Front Neuroendocrinol 2013; 34:329-49. [PMID: 23817054 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal hormones not only play a pivotal role in reproductive behavior and sexual differentiation, they also contribute to thermoregulation, feeding, memory, neuronal survival, and the perception of somatosensory stimuli. Numerous studies on both animals and human subjects have also demonstrated the potential effects of gonadal hormones, such as estrogens, on pain transmission. These effects most likely involve multiple neuroanatomical circuits as well as diverse neurochemical systems and they therefore need to be evaluated specifically to determine the localization and intrinsic characteristics of the neurons engaged. The aim of this review is to summarize the morphological as well as biochemical evidence in support for gonadal hormone modulation of nociceptive processing, with particular focus on estrogens and spinal cord mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Amandusson
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Neuropsychological Functions of μ- and δ-Opioid Systems. ISRN ADDICTION 2013; 2013:674534. [PMID: 25938117 PMCID: PMC4392981 DOI: 10.1155/2013/674534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain opioid innervation is involved in many pathophysiological processes related to drug addiction. The main idea of the present review is that μ-/δ-opioid innervation is an intrinsic component of the motor/approach behavior network, which is activated synergetically with dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic network. Contribution of opioid innervation to the motor/approach behavior processing includes generation of positive emotions and inhibition of pain and stress reactions in order that the individual would be able to reach the vital goal. We cite the neuroanatomical data which showed that motor subcortical nuclei contain the most abundant opioid innervation and its activation is an obligatory component of positive emotions. In the majority of life situations, motor/approach behavior network concomitantly activates pain/stress control opioid network. Intensive cognitive activity induces activation of opioid innervation as well, and both enhancing and impairing effects of opioid agonists on cognitive functioning were demonstrated. Overall, the functioning of endogenous opioid networks may be summarized as following: NO physical/cognitive activity = NO positive emotions plus NO pain/stress control. We suppose that contemporary findings concerning neuropsychological functions of endogenous opioid system explain many controversial issues in neuropsychiatric conditions predisposing to drug addiction and neurological mechanisms of opioid addiction.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gintzler AR, Liu NJ. Importance of sex to pain and its amelioration; relevance of spinal estrogens and its membrane receptors. Front Neuroendocrinol 2012; 33:412-24. [PMID: 23036438 PMCID: PMC3778676 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens have a multitude of effects on opioid systems and are thought to play a key role in sexually dimorphic nociception and opioid antinociception. Heretofore, classical genomic actions of estrogens are largely thought to be responsible for the effects of these steroids on nociception and opioid antinociception. The recent discovery that estrogens can also activate estrogen receptors that are located in the plasma membrane, the effects of which are manifest in seconds to minutes instead of hours to days has revolutionized our thinking concerning the ways in which estrogens are likely to modulate pain responsiveness and the dynamic nature of that modulation. This review summarizes parameters of opioid functionality and nociception that are subject to modulation by estrogens, underscoring the added dimensions of such modulation that accrues from rapid membrane estrogen receptor signaling. Implications of this mode of signaling regarding putative sources of estrogens and its degradation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Gintzler
- State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ji Y, Tang B, Cao DY, Wang G, Traub RJ. Sex differences in spinal processing of transient and inflammatory colorectal stimuli in the rat. Pain 2012; 153:1965-1973. [PMID: 22819535 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in the spinal processing of somatic and visceral stimuli contribute to greater female sensitivity in many pain disorders. The present study examined spinal mechanisms that contribute to sex differences in visceral sensitivity. The visceromotor response to colorectal distention (CRD) was more robust in normal female rats and after intracolonic mustard oil compared with that in male rats. No sex difference was observed in the CRD-evoked response of lumbosacral (LS) and thoracolumbar (TL) colonic afferents in normal and mustard oil-treated rats, but there was a sex difference in spontaneous activity that was exacerbated by intracolonic mustard oil. The response of visceroceptive dorsal horn neurons to CRD was greater in normal female rats in the LS and TL spinal segments. The effect of intracolonic mustard oil on the CRD-evoked response of different phenotypes of visceroceptive dorsal horn neurons was dependent on sex and segment. The NMDA receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (APV) dose-dependently attenuated the visceromotor response in normal rats with greater effect in male rats. Correspondingly, there was greater cell membrane expression of the GluN1 subunit in dorsal horn extracts in female rats. After intracolonic mustard oil, there was no longer a sex difference in the effect of APV nor GluN1 expression in LS segments, but greater female expression in TL segments. These data document a sex difference in spinal processing of nociceptive visceral stimuli from the normal and inflamed colon. Differences in dorsal horn neuronal activity and NMDA receptor expression contribute to the sex differences in the visceral sensitivity observed in awake rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ji
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA Center for Pain Studies, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chang Z, Okamoto K, Bereiter DA. Differential ascending projections of temporomandibular joint-responsive brainstem neurons to periaqueductal gray and posterior thalamus of male and female rats. Neuroscience 2011; 203:230-43. [PMID: 22155654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several craniofacial pain conditions, including temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), are more prevalent in women than men. The basis for sex differences in deep craniofacial pain is not known. The present study compared the magnitude of ascending projections from temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-responsive neurons in trigeminal brainstem with the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) or posterior nucleus of the thalamus (Po) in males and female rats. Fluorogold (FG) was injected into vlPAG or Po, and TMJ-responsive neurons were identified by Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) after mustard oil injection. TMJ-evoked Fos-LI was similar in males and females; however, significant differences in cell counts were seen for FG single-labeled and Fos/FG double-labeled neurons in trigeminal brainstem. After vlPAG injections, the number of FG-labeled neurons in trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris (Vi), ventral interpolaris/caudalis transition (vl-Vi/Vc), and dorsal paratrigeminal region (dPa5) was greater in females than males. The percentage of Fos/FG double-labeled neurons in vl-Vi/Vc and dPa5 after vlPAG injection also was greater in females than males. In contrast, after Po injections, males displayed a greater number of FG-labeled neurons in superficial laminae (Lam I/II) of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) and upper cervical spinal cord (C(1-2)) and deeper laminae (Lam III/V) at C(1-2) than females. The percentage of Fos/FG double-labeled neurons in Lam I/II of Vc after Po injection also was greater in males than females. These data revealed significant sex differences in ascending projections from TMJ-responsive neurons in trigeminal brainstem. Such differences may influence the ability of males and females to recruit autonomic reflexes and endogenous pain control circuits relevant for TMJ nociception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Chang
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, 18-214 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Larauche M, Mulak A, Taché Y. Stress-related alterations of visceral sensation: animal models for irritable bowel syndrome study. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 17:213-34. [PMID: 21860814 PMCID: PMC3155058 DOI: 10.5056/jnm.2011.17.3.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressors of different psychological, physical or immune origin play a critical role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome participating in symptoms onset, clinical presentation as well as treatment outcome. Experimental stress models applying a variety of acute and chronic exteroceptive or interoceptive stressors have been developed to target different periods throughout the lifespan of animals to assess the vulnerability, the trigger and perpetuating factors determining stress influence on visceral sensitivity and interactions within the brain-gut axis. Recent evidence points towards adequate construct and face validity of experimental models developed with respect to animals' age, sex, strain differences and specific methodological aspects such as non-invasive monitoring of visceromotor response to colorectal distension as being essential in successful identification and evaluation of novel therapeutic targets aimed at reducing stress-related alterations in visceral sensitivity. Underlying mechanisms of stress-induced modulation of visceral pain involve a combination of peripheral, spinal and supraspinal sensitization based on the nature of the stressors and dysregulation of descending pathways that modulate nociceptive transmission or stress-related analgesic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Larauche
- CURE/Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Digestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Agata Mulak
- CURE/Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Digestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yvette Taché
- CURE/Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Digestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Micevych PE, Dewing P. Membrane-initiated estradiol signaling regulating sexual receptivity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2011; 2:26. [PMID: 22649369 PMCID: PMC3355897 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2011.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol has profound actions on the structure and function of the nervous system. In addition to nuclear actions that directly modulate gene expression, the idea that estradiol can rapidly activate cell signaling by binding to membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) has emerged. Even the regulation of sexual receptivity, an action previously thought to be completely regulated by nuclear ERs, has been shown to have a membrane-initiated estradiol signaling (MIES) component. This highlighted the question of the nature of mERs. Several candidates have been proposed, ERα, ERβ, ER-X, GPR30 (G protein coupled estrogen receptor), and a receptor activated by a diphenylacrylamide compound, STX. Although each of these receptors has been shown to be active in specific assays, we present evidence for and against their participation in sexual receptivity by acting in the lordosis-regulating circuit. The initial MIES that activates the circuit is in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH). Using both activation of μ-opioid receptors (MOR) in the medial preoptic nucleus and lordosis behavior, we document that both ERα and the STX-receptor participate in the required MIES. ERα and the STX-receptor activation of cell signaling are dependent on the transactivation of type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1a) that augment progesterone synthesis in astrocytes and protein kinase C (PKC) in ARH neurons. While estradiol-induced sexual receptivity does not depend on neuroprogesterone, proceptive behaviors do. Moreover, the ERα and the STX-receptor activation of medial preoptic MORs and augmentation of lordosis were sensitive to mGluR1a blockade. These observations suggest a common mechanism through which mERs are coupled to intracellular signaling cascades, not just in regulating reproduction, but in actions throughout the neuraxis including the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and dorsal root ganglias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul E. Micevych
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
- *Correspondence: Paul E Micevych, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA. e-mail:
| | - Phoebe Dewing
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Myers B, Schulkin J, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. Sex steroids localized to the amygdala increase pain responses to visceral stimulation in rats. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2010; 12:486-94. [PMID: 21167789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Females are disproportionately affected by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with menstrual cycle-dependent fluctuations in abdominal pain suggesting a role for ovarian hormones. IBS patients also exhibit greater activation of brain areas involved in pain affect such as the amygdala, yet the role of supraspinal processes in the effects of ovarian hormones on visceral pain is largely unexplored. The goal of the current study was to determine whether sex steroids act at the level of the amygdala to alter colonic pain sensitivity. Ovariectomized rats received implants on the amygdala of progesterone, estradiol, progesterone combined with estradiol, or cholesterol as a control to examine the involvement of the amygdala in ovarian hormone-mediated changes in visceral sensitivity. Visceral sensitivity was quantified as the number of abdominal contractions, a visceromotor response (VMR), in response to graded pressures of colorectal distension (CRD). Somatic sensitivity was also assessed by measuring the mechanical force required to elicit hindpaw withdrawal. Elevated levels of progesterone and/or estradiol on the amygdala heightened the responsiveness to CRD; in contrast, neither estradiol nor progesterone altered somatic sensation. Furthermore, administration of progesterone or estradiol to areas adjacent to the amygdala did not affect visceral sensitivity. Future studies will address the specific steroid receptors mediating the effects of progesterone and estradiol. PERSPECTIVE To our knowledge, this study represents the first description of a specific brain site mediating the effects of ovarian steroids on visceral sensitivity. These data also suggest that an amygdala-dependent mechanism may be responsible, at least in part, for the exacerbation of visceral symptomatology in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brent Myers
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
This paper is the 32nd consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2009 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bodnar RJ, Kest B. Sex differences in opioid analgesia, hyperalgesia, tolerance and withdrawal: central mechanisms of action and roles of gonadal hormones. Horm Behav 2010; 58:72-81. [PMID: 19786031 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews sex differences in opiate analgesic and related processes as part of a Special Issue in Hormones and Behavior. The research findings on sex differences are organized in the following manner: (a) systemic opioid analgesia across mu, delta and kappa opioid receptor subtypes and drug efficacy at their respective receptors, (b) effects of the activational and organizational roles of gonadal steroid hormones and estrus phase on systemic analgesic responses, (c) sex differences in spinal opioid analgesia, (d) sex differences in supraspinal opioid analgesia and gonadal hormone effects, (e) the contribution of genetic variance to analgesic sex differences, (f) sex differences in opioid-induced hyperalgesia, (g) sex differences in tolerance and withdrawal-dependence effects, and (h) implications for clinical therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 11367, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang Z, Guo Y, Bradesi S, Labus JS, Maarek JMI, Lee K, Winchester WJ, Mayer EA, Holschneider DP. Sex differences in functional brain activation during noxious visceral stimulation in rats. Pain 2009; 145:120-128. [PMID: 19560270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 05/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies in healthy human subjects and patients with irritable bowel syndrome suggest sex differences in cerebral nociceptive processing. Here we examine sex differences in functional brain activation in the rat during colorectal distention (CRD), a preclinical model of acute visceral pain. [(14)C]-iodoantipyrine was injected intravenously in awake, non-restrained female rats during 60- or 0-mmHg CRD while electromyographic abdominal activity (EMG) and pain behavior were recorded. Regional cerebral blood flow-related tissue radioactivity was analyzed by statistical parametric mapping from autoradiographic images of three-dimensionally reconstructed brains. Sex differences were addressed by comparing the current data with our previously published data collected from male rats. While sex differences in EMG and pain scores were modest, significant differences were noted in functional brain activation. Females showed widespread changes in limbic (amygdala, hypothalamus) and paralimbic structures (ventral striatum, nucleus accumbens, raphe), while males demonstrated broad cortical changes. Sex differences were apparent in the homeostatic afferent network (parabrachial nucleus, thalamus, insular and dorsal anterior cingulate cortices), in an emotional-arousal network (amygdala, locus coeruleus complex), and in cortical areas modulating these networks (prefrontal cortex). Greater activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and broader limbic/paralimbic changes in females suggest greater engagement of affective mechanisms during visceral pain. Greater cortical activation in males is consistent with the concept of greater cortical inhibitory effects on limbic structures in males, which may relate to differences in attentional and cognitive attribution to visceral stimuli. These findings show remarkable similarities to reported sex differences in brain responses to visceral stimuli in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Center for Neurobiology of Stress; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & the Behavioral Sciences, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yumei Guo
- Department of Psychiatry & the Behavioral Sciences, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Bradesi
- Center for Neurobiology of Stress; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Labus
- Center for Neurobiology of Stress; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kevin Lee
- Neurology & GI Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK
| | - Wendy J Winchester
- Neurology & GI Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- Center for Neurobiology of Stress; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences; UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel P Holschneider
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & the Behavioral Sciences, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Cell & Neurobiology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|