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Itani A, Hasan I, Younes L, Alzaatreh A. Statistical analysis of the effect of socio-political factors on individual life satisfaction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19677. [PMID: 39181931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Life satisfaction refers to an individual's cognitive evaluation of the quality of their life. The aim of the present study is to develop the current understanding of how perceived corruption, attitudes toward migration, perceived security, and strength of national identity influence life satisfaction. Additionally, the study examines how demographic variables of relationship status, social class, sex, religious affiliation, and country impact life satisfaction in the provided cultural context. Ordinal logistic regression analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling are used to analyze data from the World Values Survey. Findings from the analyses indicate that perceived corruption, perceived security, and strength of national identity have a significant impact on life satisfaction, whereas migration has an indirect effect on life satisfaction through perceived security. The present research can develop our current understanding of life satisfaction from a socio-political perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Itani
- Department of Psychology, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Isra Hasan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Lolya Younes
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ayman Alzaatreh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
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De Lorenzo A, Itani L, El Ghoch M, Gualtieri P, Frank G, Raffaelli G, Pellegrini M, Di Renzo L. Difference in Body Composition Patterns between Age Groups in Italian Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: When BMI Becomes a Misleading Tool in Nutritional Settings. Nutrients 2024; 16:2415. [PMID: 39125296 PMCID: PMC11314337 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the changes in body composition (BC) in people with overweight or obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in BC patterns in this population based on gender and age. A total of 2844 Italian adults of mixed gender and a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 underwent a BC assessment by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The sample was categorized into three age groups: 'young' (20-39 years), 'middle' (40-59 years), and 'older' (60-80 years) adults, after being matched by body weight and BMI. Males showed higher total body fat percentage (BF%) and a lower total lean mass (LM), progressively from the young to the middle to the older age groups, while females showed similar values for these total compartments between the three age groups. However, in both genders, participants in the middle and older groups were more likely to have a higher trunk fat percentage by +1.23% to +4.21%, and lower appendicular lean mass (ALM) by -0.81 kg to -2.63 kg with respect to the young group, indicating expression of major central adiposity and sarcopenia. While our findings underscore the limitations of BMI to detect these differences between age groups, the identification of new tools suitable for this aim is greatly needed in this population. Moreover, further investigation that clarifies the impact of these differences in BC patterns between gender and age groups on health outcomes is also required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.L.); (L.D.R.)
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon;
| | - Marwan El Ghoch
- Center for the Study of Metabolism, Body Composition and Lifestyle, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Paola Gualtieri
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.L.); (L.D.R.)
| | - Giulia Frank
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Glauco Raffaelli
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Massimo Pellegrini
- Center for the Study of Metabolism, Body Composition and Lifestyle, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Laura Di Renzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.L.); (L.D.R.)
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Lombardo M, Feraco A, Armani A, Camajani E, Gorini S, Strollo R, Padua E, Caprio M, Bellia A. Gender differences in body composition, dietary patterns, and physical activity: insights from a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1414217. [PMID: 39055386 PMCID: PMC11271261 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1414217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigates the interplay between body composition, dietary patterns, and physical activity across genders, focusing on gender-specific differences in food preferences and eating behaviors. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing targeted nutritional and lifestyle interventions. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,333 participants (58.7% female, 41.3% male), aged 18-65 years. Participants were categorized into tertiles based on their fat mass to fat-free mass (FM-to-FFM) ratio. Data on dietary choices, eating behaviors, and physical activity were collected and analyzed to identify gender-specific trends. Results Significant gender-specific differences were observed in food preferences and eating behaviors. Males experienced greater hunger in the late afternoon, while females felt more hunger in the morning. Males showed a preference for processed and red meats, whereas females preferred cooked vegetables. Eating behaviors such as meal skipping, uncontrolled eating, nocturnal eating, and taste preferences (sweet or salty) varied distinctly between FM-to-FFM tertiles and genders. Higher FM-to-FFM ratios correlated with lower physical activity levels, particularly in strength training and general sports engagement. Discussion These findings highlight the complex interactions between body composition, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors, emphasizing gender-specific differences. The results suggest that body composition and BMI significantly impact health-related behaviors, necessitating tailored interventions to address these differences and promote healthier lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lombardo
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feraco
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Camajani
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorini
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocky Strollo
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Padua
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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Bockaj A, Muise MD, Belu CF, Rosen NO, O'Sullivan LF. Under Pressure: Men's and Women's Sexual Performance Anxiety in the Sexual Interactions of Adult Couples. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38848469 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2024.2357587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Most research on sexual performance anxiety has focused on men's experiences and links to erectile functioning and premature ejaculation, with little research attention given to women's experiences or to relationship dynamics. At times, sexual performance anxiety has been examined in the context of dysfunction, but rarely as a focus in its own right. Study 1 asked 51 participants reporting sexual performance anxiety to describe the cognitive and affective components of their experiences, coping strategies, and perceived impact on their relationship using open-ended responses from online surveys. Through directed content analysis, Study 1 revealed that men and women experience a range of cognitive and affective processes with predominant feelings of inadequacy, and overall promoting more approach coping strategies. Study 2 used quantitative surveys to examine whether sexual performance anxiety was associated with higher sexual distress and lower sexual and relationship satisfaction in a sample of 228 community-based couples. Guided by the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, multilevel modeling analyses indicated that higher sexual performance anxiety was linked to higher sexual distress and lower sexual and relationship satisfaction in both individuals and their partners. This work advances knowledge of sexual performance anxiety to women's experiences, not just men's, and to couples' experiences. Effective treatment for those suffering from this anxiety may incorporate education around sexual beliefs and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bockaj
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick
| | - Megan D Muise
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick
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Ali DS, Sofela SO, Deliorman M, Sukumar P, Abdulhamid MS, Yakubu S, Rooney C, Garrod R, Menachery A, Hijazi R, Saadi H, Qasaimeh MA. OMEF biochip for evaluating red blood cell deformability using dielectrophoresis as a diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes mellitus. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2906-2919. [PMID: 38721867 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01016c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent and debilitating disease with numerous health risks, including cardiovascular diseases, kidney dysfunction, and nerve damage. One important aspect of T2DM is its association with the abnormal morphology of red blood cells (RBCs), which leads to increased blood viscosity and impaired blood flow. Therefore, evaluating the mechanical properties of RBCs is crucial for understanding the role of T2DM in cellular deformability. This provides valuable insights into disease progression and potential diagnostic applications. In this study, we developed an open micro-electro-fluidic (OMEF) biochip technology based on dielectrophoresis (DEP) to assess the deformability of RBCs in T2DM. The biochip facilitates high-throughput single-cell RBC stretching experiments, enabling quantitative measurements of the cell size, strain, stretch factor, and post-stretching relaxation time. Our results confirm the significant impact of T2DM on the deformability of RBCs. Compared to their healthy counterparts, diabetic RBCs exhibit ∼27% increased size and ∼29% reduced stretch factor, suggesting potential biomarkers for monitoring T2DM. The observed dynamic behaviors emphasize the contrast between the mechanical characteristics, where healthy RBCs demonstrate notable elasticity and diabetic RBCs exhibit plastic behavior. These differences highlight the significance of mechanical characteristics in understanding the implications for RBCs in T2DM. With its ∼90% sensitivity and rapid readout (ultimately within a few minutes), the OMEF biochip holds potential as an effective point-of-care diagnostic tool for evaluating the deformability of RBCs in individuals with T2DM and tracking disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dima Samer Ali
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Samuel O Sofela
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammedin Deliorman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Pavithra Sukumar
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ma-Sum Abdulhamid
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sherifa Yakubu
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ciara Rooney
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ryan Garrod
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anoop Menachery
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- The Malta College of Arts, Science & Technology, Paola, Malta
| | - Rabih Hijazi
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussein Saadi
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, New York, USA
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Karahan M, Kiziltan Eliacik BB, Baydili KN. The interplay of spiritual health, resilience, and happiness: an evaluation among a group of dental students at a state university in Turkey. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:587. [PMID: 38773472 PMCID: PMC11106855 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental education is one of the disciplines where students are most significantly affected psychologically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between spiritual health, resilience and happiness levels of dental students at a state university in Turkey. METHODS This cross- sectional study included 212 students from the 3rd, 4th and 5th grades of the faculty of dentistry. A questionnaire consisting of 4 sections was used in the study. The sections of the questionnaire include students' general and academic information, Turkish adaptations of the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, The Brief Resilience Scale, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire-Short Form. Data analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 25 package program. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normal distribution of the data. The Mann-Whitney U test was preferred for comparisons between two categorical variables and one numerical variable. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was employed for comparisons involving two categorical variables and one numerical variable. The presence of a relationship between two numerical variables was examined using the Spearman test. RESULTS In terms of resilience and happiness scores, males had higher scores than females. It was determined that third graders scored higher than fifth graders in harmony with nature scores, and third graders scored higher than fourth graders in deregulation scores. There was a positive correlation between happiness, spiritual well-being and resilience; a negative correlation between happiness and anomie. There was no significant relationship between age and happiness scores. As a result of multiple linear regression to determine the factors affecting happiness; increases in spiritual well-being and resilience will lead to an increase in happiness levels. CONCLUSION This study concluded that increased levels of spiritual well-being and resilience among a group of dental students would lead to increased levels of happiness. However, further research is needed to understand the relationship between mental health, resilience and happiness levels during dental education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahar Basak Kiziltan Eliacik
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hamidiye Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kursad Nuri Baydili
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Caldarelli M, Rio P, Marrone A, Ocarino F, Chiantore M, Candelli M, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5377. [PMID: 38791415 PMCID: PMC11120930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of the "gut-brain axis". In addition to well-studied diseases associated with an imbalance in gut microbiota, such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, research is now exploring the potential role of gut microbial dysbiosis in the onset and development of brain-related diseases. When the function of the intestinal barrier is altered by dysbiosis, the aberrant immune system response interacts with the nervous system, leading to a state of "neuroinflammation". The gut microbiota-brain axis is mediated by inflammatory and immunological mechanisms, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine pathways. This narrative review aims to illustrate the molecular basis of neuroinflammation and elaborate on the concept of the gut-brain axis by virtue of analyzing the various metabolites produced by the gut microbiome and how they might impact the nervous system. Additionally, the current review will highlight how sex influences these molecular mechanisms. In fact, sex hormones impact the brain-gut microbiota axis at different levels, such as the central nervous system, the enteric nervous one, and enteroendocrine cells. A deeper understanding of the gut-brain axis in human health and disease is crucial to guide diagnoses, treatments, and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caldarelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Rio
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marrone
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ocarino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Chiantore
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambassi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Cheng Q, Xie J, Duan Y, Li J, She Z, Lu W, Chen Y. The psychological distress of gastrointestinal cancer patients and its association with quality of life among different genders. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:329. [PMID: 38709308 PMCID: PMC11074025 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress is a prevalent unpleasant experience faced by many cancer patients. However, the psychological distress among gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients is scarcely explored. Moreover, the association between psychological distress and quality of life in different genders has yet to be explored. AIMS To explore the psychological distress among GI cancer patients and examine its association with quality of life among different genders. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 237 gastrointestinal cancer patients completed the distress thermometer and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-General. RESULTS The mean score of psychological distress of the participants was 3.04 (SD = 2.90). A greater proportion of female gastrointestinal cancer patients (52.8%) had clinically relevant psychological distress compared to males (35.9%). The quality of life was negatively associated with their psychological distress (B = - 1.502, 95%CI: - 2.759 to - 0.245, p = 0.019) among gastrointestinal cancer patients. Such association was stronger among males compared to females in gastrointestinal cancer patients (Interaction term, B = - 1.713, 95%CI: - 3.123 to - 0.303, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that healthcare providers should attach their attention to gastrointestinal cancer patients' psychological distress, especially females. Longitudinal studies could adopted to track the changes in psychological distress and its association with quality of life over time among different genders. In future intervention studies, the focus of psychological interventions needs to be gender-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Cheng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengdi She
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Lu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongyi Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China.
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Mahapatra G, Gao Z, Bateman JR, Lockhart SN, Bergstrom J, Piloso JE, Craft S, Molina AJA. Peripheral Blood Cells From Older Adults Exhibit Sex-Associated Differences in Mitochondrial Function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae098. [PMID: 38602189 PMCID: PMC11059251 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-based mitochondrial bioenergetic profiling is a feasible, economical, and minimally invasive approach that can be used to examine mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in human subjects. In this study, we use 2 complementary respirometric techniques to evaluate mitochondrial bioenergetics in both intact and permeabilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and platelets to examine sex dimorphism in mitochondrial function among older adults. Employing equal numbers of PBMCs and platelets to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics, we observe significantly higher respiration rates in female compared to male participants. Mitochondrial bioenergetic differences remain significant after controlling for independent parameters including demographic parameters (age, years of education), and cognitive parameters (mPACC5, COGDX). Our study illustrates that circulating blood cells, immune cells in particular, have distinctly different mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles between females and males. These differences should be taken into account as blood-based bioenergetic profiling is now commonly used to understand the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in human health and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Mahapatra
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zhengrong Gao
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - James R Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel Neal Lockhart
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jaclyn Bergstrom
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jemima Elizabeth Piloso
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
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Pitts PJ. Female Problems: Women's Health Mustn't be Ghettoized in the Uterus. Pharmaceut Med 2024; 38:75-77. [PMID: 38265631 DOI: 10.1007/s40290-023-00514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Pitts
- Center for Medicine in the Public Interest, 757 Third Avenue, 20th Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA.
- School of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France.
- Division of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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Lecona OA, Arroyo-Valerio AG, Bueno-Hernández N, Carrillo-Ruíz JD, Ruelas L, Márquez-Franco R, Aguado-García A, Barrón EV, Escobedo G, Ibarra-Coronado E, Olguín-Rodríguez PV, Barajas-Martínez A, Rivera AL, Fossion R. Risk factors contributing to infection with SARS-CoV-2 are modulated by sex. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297901. [PMID: 38416704 PMCID: PMC10901358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico (August-December 2020), we closely followed a cohort of n = 100 healthcare workers. These workers were initially seronegative for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and maintained close contact with patients afflicted by the disease. We explored the database of demographic, physiological and laboratory parameters of the cohort recorded at baseline to identify potential risk factors for infection with SARS-CoV-2 at a follow-up evaluation six months later. Given that susceptibility to infection may be a systemic rather than a local property, we hypothesized that a multivariate statistical analysis, such as MANOVA, may be an appropriate statistical approach. Our results indicate that susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 is modulated by sex. For men, different physiological states appear to exist that predispose to or protect against infection, whereas for women, we did not find evidence for divergent physiological states. Intriguingly, male participants who remained uninfected throughout the six-month observation period, had values for mean arterial pressure and waist-to-hip ratio that exceeded the normative reference range. We hypothesize that certain risk factors that worsen the outcome of COVID-19 disease, such as being overweight or having high blood pressure, may instead offer some protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio A. Lecona
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Nallely Bueno-Hernández
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Damian Carrillo-Ruíz
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
- Coordinación de Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Anahuac México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ruelas
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Márquez-Franco
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Aguado-García
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias (CInC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Eira Valeria Barrón
- Servicio de Medicina Genómica “Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Galileo Escobedo
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ibarra-Coronado
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola V. Olguín-Rodríguez
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias (CInC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Antonio Barajas-Martínez
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Leonor Rivera
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruben Fossion
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Radhakrishnan M, Vijay V, Supraja Acharya B, Basuthakur P, Patel S, Soren K, Kumar A, Chakravarty S. Uncovering Sex-Specific Epigenetic Regulatory Mechanism Involving H3k9me2 in Neural Inflammation, Damage, and Recovery in the Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Mouse Model. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:3. [PMID: 38407687 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08768-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the foremost global causes of death and disability. Due to inadequate knowledge in its sequential disease mechanisms, therapeutic efforts to mitigate acute ischemia-induced brain injury are limited. Recent studies have implicated epigenetic mechanisms, mostly histone lysine acetylation/deacetylation, in ischemia-induced neural damage and death. However, the role of lysine methylation/demethylation, another prevalent epigenetic mechanism in cerebral ischemia has not undergone comprehensive investigation, except a few recent reports, including those from our research cohort. Considering the impact of sex on post-stroke outcomes, we studied both male and female mice to elucidate molecular details using our recently developed Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion (ICAO) model, which induces mild to moderate cerebral ischemia, primarily affecting the striatum and ventral hippocampus. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that female mice exhibit faster recovery than male mice following ICAO, evaluated through neurological deficit score and motor coordination assessment. Furthermore, our investigation unveiled that dysregulated histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), particularly kdm4b/jmjd2b are responsible for the sex-specific variance in the modulation of inflammatory genes. Building upon our prior reportage blocking KDMs by DMOG (Dimethyloxalylglycine) and thus preventing the attenuation in H3k9me2 reduced the post-ICAO transcript levels of the inflammatory molecules and neural damage, our present study delved into investigating the differential role of H3k9me2 in the regulation of pro-inflammatory genes in female vis-à-vis male mice underlying ICAO-induced neural damage and recovery. Overall, our results reveal the important role of epigenetic mark H3k9me2 in mediating sex-specific sequential events in inflammatory response, elicited post-ICAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mydhili Radhakrishnan
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vincy Vijay
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - B Supraja Acharya
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Papia Basuthakur
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shashikant Patel
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kalyani Soren
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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13
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Meena R, Krishan K, Ghosh A, Kanchan T. Is it possible to estimate sex from signatures and handwriting? A review of literature, observations, and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2023; 110:32. [PMID: 37395867 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-023-01862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of sex holds great significance in the field of Forensic Science since it helps establish the identity of an individual during a crime scene investigation. Sex differences in human behaviour are the result of natural selection. Sexually dimorphic stimuli of cognitive and behavioural activities may influence the phenotypic expression of our motor skills. Human traits such as signatures and handwriting are phenotypic manifestation of these skills. These phenotypic biological and behavioural traits have inherent sexual dimorphism and may help to identify sex in different circumstances. For instance, to establish the sex of an individual or deceased, forensic samples of the human body such as voice samples, features of fingerprints and footprints, the skeleton, or its remains are helpful. Similarly, the sex of an individual may also be identified from their corresponding handwriting and signature. Handwriting experts can extract peculiar features from handwriting and signatures which could help establish whether the signatures belong to a male or a female. A female writer may have attractive, rounded, upright, tidy, skilled, well-formed strokes, artistic design, better penmanship, and greater length of the signature compared to the signature of a male. Here, we review the studies related to the identification of sex from signatures and handwriting and present inferences about vital features and methods of sex identification through handwriting. These mainly suggest that the accuracy of sex prediction from signature and handwriting ranges from 45 to 80%. We also present writing examples to show sex-based differences in the signature and handwriting of males and females. The female's handwriting is more decorative, arranged, aligned, neat, and clean as compared to that of the male. Based on the writing samples and the review of literature, we suggest that forensic handwriting experts may eliminate suspects based on the sex of the writer, which can simplify the identification process of disputed or questionable signatures and handwriting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Meena
- Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kewal Krishan
- Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanuj Kanchan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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14
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Encarnação S, Rodrigues F, Monteiro AM, Gouili H, Hattabi S, Sortwell A, Branquinho L, Teixeira JE, Ferraz R, Flores P, Silva-Santos S, Ribeiro J, Batista A, Forte PM. Obesity Status and Physical Fitness Levels in Male and Female Portuguese Adolescents: A Two-Way Multivariate Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6115. [PMID: 37372702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and decreasing fitness levels among the youth are growing concerns in Portugal, similar to other developed countries, with implications for health and psychomotor development. Understanding the influence of health determinants such as sex and age are crucial for developing effective public health strategies. This study aimed to analyze the association between sex and chronological age with obesity status and physical fitness in Portuguese adolescents. A total of 170 adolescents (85 males and 85 females) were evaluated for body mass index, abdominal adiposity, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed in a 40 m sprint using the FITescola® physical fitness battery, a Portuguese government initiative. The general model, analyzed using Pillai's trace, showed a significant effect of age and sex on body mass index, abdominal circumference, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed (V = 0.99, F (7) = 10,916.4, p < 0.001, partial η2, sex = 0.22; age = 0.43, sex and age interaction = 0.10). Boys had higher physical fitness levels than girls in most tests, but both sex groups had a significantly higher proportion of non-fit adolescents, with boys showing the highest number of participants classified as non-fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Encarnação
- Department of Sports Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - António Miguel Monteiro
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hatem Gouili
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Soukaina Hattabi
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Andrew Sortwell
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Notre Dame, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Luís Branquinho
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Teixeira
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beria Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Flores
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Sandra Silva-Santos
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT -IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Amanda Batista
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Pedro Miguel Forte
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
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15
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Lahogue C, Billard JM, Freret T, Bouet V. 5-HT6 Receptors Sex-Dependently Modulate Hippocampal Synaptic Activity through GABA Inhibition. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050751. [PMID: 37238621 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The subtype 6 of the serotoninergic receptors (5-HT6Rs) is highly expressed in the hippocampus, and evidence indicates the beneficial effects of 5-HT6Rs blockade on short- and long-term memory in rodents. Nevertheless, the underlying functional mechanisms still need to be established. To this end, we performed electrophysiological extracellular recordings to assess the effects of the 5-HT6Rs antagonist SB-271046 on the synaptic activity and functional plasticity at the CA3/CA1 hippocampal connections of male and female mice slices. We found that basal excitatory synaptic transmission and isolated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) activation were significantly increased by SB-271046. The NMDARs-related improvement was prevented by the GABAAR antagonist bicuculline in male but not in female mice. Regarding synaptic plasticity, neither paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) nor NMDARs-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) (induced either by high-frequency or theta-burst stimulation) was affected by the 5-HT6Rs blockade. Taken together, our results indicate a sex-dependent 5-HT6Rs effect on synaptic activity at the CA3/CA1 hippocampal connections through changes in the excitation/inhibition balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lahogue
- Department of Health, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, CYCERON, FHU A2M2P, CHU Caen, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Jean-Marie Billard
- Department of Health, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, CYCERON, FHU A2M2P, CHU Caen, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Freret
- Department of Health, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, CYCERON, FHU A2M2P, CHU Caen, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Valentine Bouet
- Department of Health, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, CYCERON, FHU A2M2P, CHU Caen, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
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