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Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) peel as a promising peroxidase source for the treatment of phenolic wastewater. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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2
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Nnamchi CI, Okolo BN, Moneke AN, Nwanguma BC, Amadi OC, Efimov I. Spectroscopic and Kinetic Properties of Purified Peroxidase from Germinated Sorghum Grains. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1939639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anene N. Moneke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Igor Efimov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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3
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Mechanism of action, sources, and application of peroxidases. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110266. [PMID: 33992367 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase is an enzyme in the group of oxidoreductases that is widely distributed in nature. It can catalyze the oxidation of various organic and inorganic substrates by reacting with hydrogen peroxide and similar molecules. Due to its wide catalytic activity, peroxidases can act in the removal of both phenolic compounds and peroxides, in chemical synthesis and, according to recent studies, in mycotoxin degradation. Therefore, this study aimed at introducing an overview of the mechanism of peroxidase action, extraction sources, mycotoxin degradation capacity and other potential applications in the food industry.
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4
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Rajput VD, Harish, Singh RK, Verma KK, Sharma L, Quiroz-Figueroa FR, Meena M, Gour VS, Minkina T, Sushkova S, Mandzhieva S. Recent Developments in Enzymatic Antioxidant Defence Mechanism in Plants with Special Reference to Abiotic Stress. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:267. [PMID: 33810535 PMCID: PMC8066271 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stationary life of plants has led to the evolution of a complex gridded antioxidant defence system constituting numerous enzymatic components, playing a crucial role in overcoming various stress conditions. Mainly, these plant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferases (GST), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which work as part of the antioxidant defence system. These enzymes together form a complex set of mechanisms to minimise, buffer, and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. The present review is aimed at articulating the current understanding of each of these enzymatic components, with special attention on the role of each enzyme in response to the various environmental, especially abiotic stresses, their molecular characterisation, and reaction mechanisms. The role of the enzymatic defence system for plant health and development, their significance, and cross-talk mechanisms are discussed in detail. Additionally, the application of antioxidant enzymes in developing stress-tolerant transgenic plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Harish
- Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India;
| | - Rupesh Kumar Singh
- Centro de Química de Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Lav Sharma
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Francisco Roberto Quiroz-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Fitomejoramiento Molecular, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa (CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes no. 250, Col. San Joachín, C.P., 81101 Guasave, Mexico;
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India;
| | - Vinod Singh Gour
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, NH 11C, Kant Kalwar, Jaipur 303002, India;
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (T.M.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
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García-Esquivel Y, Mercado-Flores Y, Anducho-Reyes MA, Álvarez-Cervantes J, Wobeser EAV, Marina-Ramírez AI, Téllez-Jurado A. 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone and 3-dimethylamino benzoic acid as substrates for the development of polyphenoloxidase and phenoloxidase activity by zymograms. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:39. [PMID: 33479594 PMCID: PMC7794263 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a sequential staining process of polyphenoloxidase and phenoloxidase enzymes was designed by the zymography technique. As a first step, electrophoresis was carried out under native conditions, and later, first staining was carried out with a revealing solution of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazoline hydrazone (MBTH)-3-dimethylamino benzoic acid (DMAB) that allowed the visualization of polyphenoloxidase enzymes, and later and using the same gel, we proceeded to the differential staining of phenoloxidase, adding a solution of H2O2. The technique was standardized using commercial enzymes of laccase (T. versicolor) and horseradish. The technique was used to identify polyphenoloxidases (laccases) and phenoloxidases (lignin peroxidase) of crude extracts obtained from the growth of the basidiomycete Lentinus strigosus on Pinus radiata. The technique showed great sensitivity to detect the different enzymatic activities (1.56 Activity Unit/mL minimum) in the same gel without interference between the enzymes and the solutions used. On the other hand, the efficiency of the technique was compared with the substrates that are commonly used for the detection of this type of activities such as 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and guaiacol, observing greater sensitivity and minimal interference, so that the present method will allow in the same gel, and visualize polyphenoloxidase and phenoloxidase activities simultaneously facilitating expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. García-Esquivel
- Laboratorio de AgroBiotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, ExHacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830 Zempoala, Hidalgo México
| | - Y. Mercado-Flores
- Laboratorio de AgroBiotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, ExHacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830 Zempoala, Hidalgo México
| | - M. A. Anducho-Reyes
- Laboratorio de AgroBiotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, ExHacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830 Zempoala, Hidalgo México
| | - J. Álvarez-Cervantes
- Laboratorio de AgroBiotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, ExHacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830 Zempoala, Hidalgo México
| | - E. Aguirre-von Wobeser
- Cátedras CONACyT, Centro de Investigación en Alimentos y Desarrollo A.C., Centro de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología Alimentaria, Cd. del Conocimiento, Boulevard Circuito La Concepción, C.P. 42162 San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo México
| | - A. I. Marina-Ramírez
- Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Nicolás Cabrera No. 1, C.P. 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Téllez-Jurado
- Laboratorio de AgroBiotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, ExHacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830 Zempoala, Hidalgo México
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6
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Abdel-Aty AM, Salama WH, El-Badry MO, Salah HA, Barakat AZ, Fahmy AS, Mohamed SA. Purification and characterization of peroxidases from garden cress sprouts and their roles in lignification and removal of phenol and p-chlorophenol. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13526. [PMID: 33140461 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the relation between peroxidases of day-6 garden cress sprouts and phenolic compounds. Three cationic, three anionic, and two unbounded peroxidases were separated from day-6 garden cress sprouts. Cationic (GCP1) and anionic (GCP2) peroxidases were purified with molecular masses of 25 and 40 kDa, respectively. The Km values of GCP1 toward H2 O2 and guaiacol were lower than GCP2. The anionic GCP2 exhibited high affinity toward some lignin monomers, sinapyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, cinnamic and ferulic acids. Therefore, GCP2 is considered as a lignin peroxidase and contributed in lignin synthesis. The activity of GCP1 and GCP2 was stable at a wide pH range 5.5-8.0 and 6.0-7.5, respectively. Both peroxidases showed the same thermal stability range 20-50°C. GCP2 was more resistant against the effect of metal ions than GCP1. GCP2 showed high ability to remove of phenol and p-chlorophenol from effluent compared to GCP1. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Generally, garden cress is used as a test plant to conduct biomonitoring of pollution in urban soil on a wide scale because of its simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. Peroxidase is an important antioxidant enzyme, which elevated when plant subjected to pollution. Recently, we reported that the increase of peroxidase activity was strongly correlated with high phenolic content and antioxidant activity during the germination of garden cress. In the present study, anionic peroxidase GCP2 may play an important role in lignification process and removal of phenol and p-chlorophenol from polluted soil/wastewater as well as resisted the harmful effect of heavy metals. Cationic peroxidase GCP1, as a natural scavenger, had high affinity toward H2 O2 coupled to oxidation of some plant phenolic compounds suggesting its role in consuming of excess H2 O2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M Abdel-Aty
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa H Salama
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O El-Badry
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala A Salah
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Z Barakat
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afaf S Fahmy
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Mohamed
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Suzuki T, Noda T, Morishita T, Ishiguro K, Otsuka S, Brunori A. Present status and future perspectives of breeding for buckwheat quality. BREEDING SCIENCE 2020; 70:48-66. [PMID: 32351304 PMCID: PMC7180147 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.19018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat is an important crop globally. It has been processed into cereal grain, noodles, confectionery, bread, and fermented foods for many years. Buckwheat production and processing has supported local economies and is deeply related to the culture of some regions. Buckwheat has many unique traits as a food, with a good flavor and color. In addition, buckwheat is also a healthy food because it contains bioactive compounds that have anti-oxidative, anti-hypertensive, and anti-obesity properties. Therefore, breeding of buckwheat for quality is an important issue to be addressed. Compared to other crops, there is still a lack of basic information on quality, including bioactive compounds generation and enhancement. However, some mechanisms for modifying and improving the quality of buckwheat varieties have recently been identified. Further, some varieties with improved quality have recently been developed. In this review, we summarize the issues around buckwheat quality and review the present status and future potential of buckwheat breeding for quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Suzuki
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, Suya 2421, Koshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noda
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Memuro Upland Farming Research Station, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-Gun, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Morishita
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Institute of Crop Science, Radiation Breeding Division, 2425 Kamimurata, Hitachi-Omiya, Ibaraki 319-2293, Japan
| | - Koji Ishiguro
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Memuro Upland Farming Research Station, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-Gun, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan
| | - Shiori Otsuka
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Memuro Upland Farming Research Station, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-Gun, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan
| | - Andrea Brunori
- ENEA, CR Casaccia, SSPT-PVS, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria, Roma, Italy
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8
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Nora NS, Feltrin ACP, Sibaja KVM, Furlong EB, Garda-Buffon J. Ochratoxin A reduction by peroxidase in a model system and grape juice. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:1075-1082. [PMID: 31338707 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the potential of the peroxidase (PO) enzyme to reduce ochratoxin A (OTA) levels and its application to grape juice. Both commercial PO and PO extracted from rice bran were evaluated, respectively, regarding their activity towards OTA in a model system. The affinity between PO and OTA was verified by the Michaelis-Menton constant and the maximum velocity parameters, resulting in 0.27 μM and 0.015 μM min-1 for the commercial enzyme, and 6.5 μM and 0.031 μM min-1 for PO extracted from rice bran, respectively. The lowest residual OTA levels occurred when 0.063 U mL-1 of the enzyme was applied. Under these conditions, the OTA reduction was 41% in 5 h for the commercial enzyme, and 59% in 24 h, for PO extracted from rice bran. When the extracted PO, with the activity of 0.063 U mL-1, was applied to whole grape juice, the OTA levels decreased to 17%, at 24 h. The capacity shown by PO for reducing OTA levels was confirmed in whole white grape juice, as a model system. This study may assist the wine industry to offer healthier products and add value to rice bran. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Náthali Saião Nora
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Penteado Feltrin
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Vanessa Marimón Sibaja
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale Furlong
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Garda-Buffon
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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9
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Wang X, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang Y, Huang R. Purification and characterization of peroxidase from zucchini (
Cucurbita pepo
L.). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
| | - Zhaosheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Food Science & Engineering Qilu University of Technology Jinan P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
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10
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Zeyadi M. Purification and characterization of peroxidase from date palm cv. Agwa fruits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1691589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Zeyadi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Feltrin ACP, Garcia SDO, Caldas SS, Primel EG, Badiale-Furlong E, Garda-Buffon J. Characterization and application of the enzyme peroxidase to the degradation of the mycotoxin DON. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:777-783. [PMID: 28937911 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1356672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the main mycotoxins found in food matrices, has high level of toxicity. This study aimed to characterize the peroxidase enzyme extracted from rice bran to be applied to the biodegradation of DON in order to evaluate the potential peroxidase (PO) from rice bran (RB) has to degrade DON in optimal conditions. Purification and recovery factors of PO extracted from RB and purified by three-phase partitioning were 5.7% and 50%, respectively. PO had the highest level of activity in the phosphate buffer 5 mM pH 5.5 in both crude and purified forms, whose reaction temperatures were 25°C and 10°C. At the end of production, purification and characterization steps, specific activities of the bran were 115.79 U mg-1 and 4363 U g-1. Reduction in the mycotoxin DON in optimal conditions determined for PO from RB was 20.3%, a promising result when the aim is to adequate mycotoxicological levels to foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carla P Feltrin
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
| | - Sabrina De O Garcia
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
| | - Sergiane S Caldas
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
| | - Ednei G Primel
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Garda-Buffon
- a Escola de Química e Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG , Rio Grande , RS , Brazil
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Caralluma umbellata Peroxidase: Biochemical Characterization and Its Detoxification Potentials in Comparison with Horseradish Peroxidase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:801-812. [PMID: 27714639 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Caralluma umbellata peroxidase (CUP) is an acidic heme-containing protein having a molecular weight of ~42 kDa and is specific to guaiacol. It is not a glycoprotein. It was purified to 12.5-fold purity with 6.16 % yield. Its activity is dependent on hydrogen peroxide and has an optimum pH and temperature of 6.2 and 45 °C respectively. It can decolorize dyes, viz., Aniline Blue, Reactive Black 5, and Reactive Blue 19 but not Congo Red, while HRP can decolorize Congo Red also. It has lignin-degrading potentiality as it can decompose veratryl alcohol. Detoxification of phenol was more by CUP compared to HRP while with p-nitrophenol HRP has a greater detoxification rate. Based on our results, CUP was identified to be capable of oxidizing a variety of hazardous substances and also a lignin-degrading plant biocatalyst.
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13
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Characterization of Plant Peroxidases and Their Potential for Degradation of Dyes: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:1529-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Erdem HÜ, Kalın R, Özdemir N, Özdemir H. Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Peroxidase Isolated from White Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea var. capitata f. alba). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.963868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Pandey VP, Dwivedi UN. A ripening associated peroxidase from papaya having a role in defense and lignification: Heterologous expression and in-silico and in-vitro experimental validation. Gene 2015; 555:438-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Shank LP, Kijjanapanich P, Phutrakul S, Fongbua N. Characterization of Partially Purified Peroxidase from Fingerroot (Boesenbergia Rotunda (L.) Mansf.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.12720/jomb.4.3.170-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Goyal P, Chugh LK. Partial Purification and Characterization of Peroxidase from Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum
[L.] R. Br.) Grains. J Food Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry; CCS Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar Haryana 125004 India
| | - Lakshman K. Chugh
- Pearl Millet Quality Laboratory; Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding; CCS Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar Haryana 125004 India
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18
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Jaramillo-Carmona S, Lopez S, Vazquez-Castilla S, Rodriguez-Arcos R, Jimenez-Araujo A, Guillen-Bejarano R. Asparagus byproducts as a new source of peroxidases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:6167-6174. [PMID: 23777512 DOI: 10.1021/jf4011609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Soluble peroxidase (POD) from asparagus byproducts was purified by ion exchange chromatographies, and its kinetic and catalytic properties were studied. The isoelectric point of the purified isoperoxidases was 9.1, and the optimum pH and temperature values were 4.0 and 25 °C, respectively. The cationic asparagus POD (CAP) midpoint inactivation temperature was 57 °C, which favors its use in industrial processes. The Km values of cationic asparagus POD for H₂O₂ and ABTS were 0.318 and 0.634 mM, respectively. The purified CAP is economically obtained from raw materials using a simple protocol and possesses features that make it advantageous for the potential use of this enzyme in a large number of processes with demonstrated requirements of thermostable POD. The results indicate that CAP can be used as a potential candidate for removing phenolic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jaramillo-Carmona
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41014 Seville, Spain
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Mikami D, Kurihara H, Takahashi K, Suzuki T, Morishita T. Effects of metal ions on the activity and stability of peroxidase in Tartary buckwheat shoots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2013.23009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chen LC, Chung YC, Chang CT. Characterisation of an acidic peroxidase from papaya (Carica papaya L. cv Tainung No. 2) latex and its application in the determination of micromolar hydrogen peroxide in milk. Food Chem 2012; 135:2529-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Singh S, Pandey VP, Naaz H, Dwivedi UN. Phylogenetic analysis, molecular modeling, substrate-inhibitor specificity, and active site comparison of bacterial, fungal, and plant heme peroxidases. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2012; 59:283-94. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Gasser CA, Hommes G, Schäffer A, Corvini PFX. Multi-catalysis reactions: new prospects and challenges of biotechnology to valorize lignin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1115-34. [PMID: 22782247 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Considerable effort has been dedicated to the chemical depolymerization of lignin, a biopolymer constituting a possible renewable source for aromatic value-added chemicals. However, these efforts yielded limited success up until now. Efficient lignin conversion might necessitate novel catalysts enabling new types of reactions. The use of multiple catalysts, including a combination of biocatalysts, might be necessary. New perspectives for the combination of bio- and inorganic catalysts in one-pot reactions are emerging, thanks to green chemistry-driven advances in enzyme engineering and immobilization and new chemical catalyst design. Such combinations could offer several advantages, especially by reducing time and yield losses associated with the isolation and purification of the reaction products, but also represent a big challenge since the optimal reaction conditions of bio- and chemical catalysis reactions are often different. This mini-review gives an overview of bio- and inorganic catalysts having the potential to be used in combination for lignin depolymerization. We also discuss key aspects to consider when combining these catalysts in one-pot reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Gasser
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz, 4132, Switzerland
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Purification and Characterization of Peroxidase from Papaya (Carica papaya) Fruit. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:367-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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SUZUKI T, SHIN DH, WOO SH, MUKASA Y, MORISHITA T, NODA T, TAKIGAWA S, HASHIMOTO N, YAMAUCHI H, MATSUURA-ENDO C. Characterization of Peroxidase in Tartary Buckwheat Seed. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.18.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Marzouki SM, Almagro L, Sabater-Jara AB, Ros Barceló A, Pedreño MA. Kinetic characterization of a basic peroxidase from garlic (Allium sativum L.) cloves. J Food Sci 2011; 75:C740-6. [PMID: 21535585 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01848.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidases catalyze the reduction of H(2)O(2) by taking electrons from a variety of compounds from the secondary metabolism including flavonoids and lignin precursors. This work describes the purification and kinetic characterization of a basic peroxidase from garlic cloves using quercetin and p-coumaric acid, flavonoid and phenolic compounds found in garlic cloves. The high catalytic efficiency shown by this basic peroxidase in the oxidation of quercetin at acidic pH suggests good adaptation of this enzyme, involved in quercetin catabolism in the acidic physiological pH conditions of the vacuoles, where it is presumably located. Likewise, garlic peroxidase showed similar oxidation rates for hydroxycinnamyl (p-coumaric) and sinapyl-type structures, which suggests its involvement in the cross-coupling reactions that occur in the cell wall during lignification. On the other hand, the high affinity of this enzyme for H(2)O(2) would be in accordance with the oxidation of both flavonoid and phenolic compounds to regulate H(2)O(2) levels in tissues/organelles, where this peroxidase is expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Medjeldi Marzouki
- Dept. of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, Univ. of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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Al-Senaidy AM, Ismael MA. Purification and characterization of membrane-bound peroxidase from date palm leaves (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Saudi J Biol Sci 2011; 18:293-8. [PMID: 23961138 PMCID: PMC3730793 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxidase from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) leaves was purified to homogeneity and characterized biochemically. The enzyme purification included homogenization, extraction of pigments followed by consecutive chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose and Superdex 200. The purification factor for purified date palm peroxidase was 17 with 5.8% yield. The purity was checked by SDS and native PAGE, which showed a single prominent band. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 55 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme was characterized for thermal and pH stability, and kinetic parameters were determined using guaiacol as substrate. The optimum activity was between pH 5-6. The enzyme showed maximum activity at 55 °C and was fairly stable up to 75 °C, with 42% loss of activity. Date palm leaves peroxidase showed K m values of 0.77 and 0.045 mM for guaiacol and H2O2, respectively. These properties suggest that this enzyme could be a promising tool for applications in different analytical determinations as well as for treatment of industrial effluents at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman M. Al-Senaidy
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2454, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Purification and characterization of peroxidase from Leucaena leucocephala, a tree legume. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Suzuki T, Kim SJ, Mukasa Y, Morishita T, Noda T, Takigawa S, Hashimoto N, Yamauchi H, Matsuura-Endo C. Effects of lipase, lipoxygenase, peroxidase and free fatty acids on volatile compound found in boiled buckwheat noodles. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:1232-1237. [PMID: 20394006 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) flour lipase, lipoxygenase and peroxidase activity, along with levels of individual free fatty acids (FFAs) and levels of headspace volatile compounds of boiled buckwheat noodles, were investigated for 12 different buckwheat varieties. Enzyme activities and FFA levels in flour were correlated with their respective varietal arrays of boiled noodle headspace volatile compounds, measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The volatiles hexanal, tentative butanal, tentative 3-methylbutanal and tentative 2-methylbutanal showed significant positive correlation with one another, indicating that they may be generated through similar mechanisms. These important volatile components of buckwheat flavor were also positively correlated with lipase and/or peroxidase activity, indicating that enzymatic reactions are important in flavor generation in boiled buckwheat noodles. On the other hand, pentanal, which showed no significant correlation with any enzyme activity, showed a significant positive correlation to the levels of C18:2 and C18:3 FFAs, suggesting the existence of a 'non-enzymatic' and/or 'uncertain enzymatic pathway' for flavor generation in boiled buckwheat noodles. CONCLUSION Lipase and peroxidase in buckwheat flour are important for flavor generation of boiled buckwheat noodles. This information is important for increasing desirable flavor of buckwheat products as well as for selecting varieties with improved flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Suzuki
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan.
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Santos M, Tognolli J, Oliveira O. Quimiometria como ferramenta analitica para definição das condiçoes de ensaio da enzima peroxidase de soja. ECLÉTICA QUÍMICA 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-46702010000400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzimas Peroxidases são heme-proteínas encontradas nos diferentes organismos vivos, especialmente vegetais, apresentam importante papel fisiológico/bioquímico como proteção contra microorganismos invasores. A soja, um dos mais importantes produtos para o agronegócio brasileiro apresenta na casca de suas sementes (subproduto) alta atividade de peroxidase, denominada soybean peroxidase,com potencial de utilização em métodos analíticos clínicos. A proposta do trabalho foi aplicar o planejamento fatorial para otimização das condições extração da enzima, definição das condições ótimas de atividade (pH e temperatura), utilizando metodologia de superfície de resposta. Os dados obtidos com clara definição foram: i) extração em pó cetonico, ii) meio reacional: pH 3,3, volume da amostra contendo a enzima 330 µL - 340 µL, peróxido de hidrogênio 4,2 mmol.L-1 150 µL, tempo de reação 20 segundos, temperatura 50º C, substrato guaiacol 30mmol.L-1 300 µL, e 0,1 mol.L-1 de NaCl. O uso da dessa metodologia para definição das condições de extração e estudos cinético-enzimáticos da peroxidase de soja foram eficientes e mais precisos, comparado a metodologia de variações/repetições (tentativa e erro).
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Mohamed SA, El-Badry MO, Drees EA, Fahmy AS. Properties of a Cationic Peroxidase from Citrus jambhiri cv. Adalia. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 150:127-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Duarte-Vázquez MA, García-Padilla S, García-Almendárez BE, Whitaker JR, Regalado C. Broccoli processing wastes as a source of peroxidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:10396-10404. [PMID: 17997521 DOI: 10.1021/jf072486+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A peroxidase isozyme (BP) was purified to homogeneity from broccoli stems ( Brassica oleraceae var. maraton) discarded from industrial processing wastes. BP specific activity was 1216 ABTS [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] units/mg, representing 466-fold that of crude extract. BP is a monomeric glycoprotein containing 16% carbohydrates, with a molecular mass of 49 kDa and an isoelectric point close to 4.2. From kinetic data it showed a two-substrate ping-pong mechanism, and the catalytic efficiency measured as the rate-limiting step of free BP regeneration was 3.4 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1). The ABTS K m value was 0.2 mM, which was about 20 times lower than that reported for acidic commercial horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Assessment of BP secondary structure showed 30% helical character, similar to HRP and cytochrome c peroxidase. BP lost only 25% activity after 10 min of heating at 55 degrees C and pH 6; it was stable in the pH range from 4 to 9 and showed an optimum pH of 4.6 using ABTS as substrate. BP was active on substrates normally involved in lignin biosynthesis, such as caffeic and ferulic acids, and also displayed good catechol oxidation activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Reverse micellar extraction was successfully used as potential large-scale prepurification of broccoli peroxidase, achieving a purification factor of 7, with 60% activity yield. Stems from the broccoli processing industry have a high potential as an alternative for peroxidase purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Duarte-Vázquez
- Nucitec S.A. de C.V. Departamento de Investigación, Comerciantes 15-3 Colonia Peñuelas, Querétaro, 76148 Qro, Mexico
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Hanlon PR, Webber DM, Barnes DM. Aqueous extract from Spanish black radish (Raphanus sativus L. Var. niger) induces detoxification enzymes in the HepG2 human hepatoma cell line. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:6439-46. [PMID: 17616135 DOI: 10.1021/jf070530f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Spanish black radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger) is a member of the Cruciferae family that also contains broccoli and Brussels sprouts, well-known to contain health-promoting constituents. Spanish black radishes (SBR) contain high concentrations of a glucosinolate unique to the radish family, glucoraphasatin, which represents >65% of the total glucosinolates present in SBR. The metabolites of glucosinolates, such as isothiocyanates, are implicated in health promotion, although it is unclear whether glucosinolates themselves elicit a similar response. The crude aqueous extract from 0.3 to 3 mg of dry SBR material increased the activity of the phase II detoxification enzyme quinone reductase in the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line with a maximal effect at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Treatment of HepG2 cells with the crude aqueous extract of 1 mg of SBR per mL also significantly induced the expression of mRNA corresponding to the phase I detoxification enzymes: cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 as well as the phase II detoxification enzymes: quinone reductase, heme oxygenase 1, and thioredoxin reductase 1. Previous studies have shown that the myrosinase metabolites of different glucosinolates vary in their ability to induce detoxification enzymes. Here, we show that while glucoraphasatin addition was ineffective, the isothiocyanate metabolite of glucoraphasatin, 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate (MIBITC), significantly induced phase II detoxification enzymes at a concentration of 10 microM. These data demonstrate that the crude aqueous extract of SBR and the isothiocyanate metabolite of glucoraphasatin, MIBITC, are potent inducers of detoxification enzymes in the HepG2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Hanlon
- Standard Process, Department of Research and Development, 1200 West Royal Lee Drive, Palmyra, Wisconsin 53156, USA.
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Jovanovic ZS, Milosevic JD, Radovic SR. Antioxidative enzymes in the response of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum moench) to ultraviolet B radiation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:9472-8. [PMID: 17147435 DOI: 10.1021/jf061324v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system was studied in buckwheat leaves and seedlings subjected to short-term enhanced UV-B radiation. The effects of UV-B action were monitored immediately after irradiation as well as after recovery. The applied dose induced an increase in lipid peroxidation and total flavonoid content, a decrease in chlorophyll content, and a change in enzymatic digestibility of extracted DNA. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase, and soluble peroxidase, as well as the isoelectric focusing (IEF) pattern of peroxidase isoforms, was analyzed. In treated as well as recovered seedlings, soluble and ascorbate peroxidase activities were increased. The activity of SOD was not altered, whereas CAT activity was decreased. In contrast to seedlings, only CAT activity was increased in treated and recovered leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivko S Jovanovic
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
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Lai LS, Wang DJ, Chang CT, Wang CH. Catalytic characteristics of peroxidase from wheat grass. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:8611-6. [PMID: 17061841 DOI: 10.1021/jf060888w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The crude enzyme extract of wheat grass was heated at 60 degrees C for 30 min, followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and isoelectric chromatofocusing on Polybuffer exchanger (PBE 94) for purification. The purified peroxidase was then characterized for its catalytic characteristics. It was found that AgNO3 at a concentration of 0.25 mM and MnSO4 and EDTA at concentrations of 5 mM significantly inhibited the activity of wheat grass peroxidase. However, KCl, NaCl, CuCl2, CaCl2, ZnCl2, and MgCl2 at concentrations of 5.0 mM and HgCl2 at a concentration of 0.25 mM enhanced enzyme activity. Chemical modification significantly influenced the activity of wheat grass peroxidase. Particularly, N-bromosuccinimide (5 mM) inhibited 16% of the enzyme activity, whereas N-acetylimidazole (2.5 mM), diethyl pyrocarbonate (2.5 mM), and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (2.5 mM) enhanced by 18-29% of the enzyme activity. Such results implied that tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, and serine residues are related to enzyme activity. The pH optima for wheat grass peroxidase to catalyze the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD), catechol, pyrogallol, and guaiacol were 5.0, 4.5, 6.5, and 5.0, respectively. The apparent Km values for OPD, catechol, pyrogallol, and guaiacol were 2.9, 18.2, 2.5, and 3.8 mM, respectively. Under optimal reaction conditions, wheat grass peroxidase catalyzed the oxidation of OPD (an aromatic amine substrate) 3-11 times more rapidly than guaiacol, catechol, and pyrogallol (phenolic substrates containing one to three hydroxy groups in the benzene ring).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Shiuh Lai
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 402, Republic of China.
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