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Zhang EH, Chen Y, Zhang L. Antidepressant polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum ascyron. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:474-481. [PMID: 37610120 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2248678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the 90% EtOH extract of the air-dried aerial parts of Hypericum ascyron resulted in the isolation of three new polycyclic polyprenylated derivatives ascyronines A-C (1-3). Structural elucidation of all the compounds was performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy. All the polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols were evaluated for their antidepressant activity by inhibiting the reuptake of tritiated serotonin ([3H]-5-HT) and noradrenalinet ([3H]-NE) in rat brain synaptosomes. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited weak antidepressant activities in the [3H]-5-HT mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Dalian 116041, China
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Qiu K, Wang S, Duan F, Sang Z, Wei S, Liu H, Tan H. Rosemary: Unrevealing an old aromatic crop as a new source of promising functional food additive-A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13273. [PMID: 38284599 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is one of the most famous spice plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family as a remarkably beautiful horticultural plant and economically agricultural crop. The essential oil of rosemary has been enthusiastically welcome in the whole world for hundreds of years. Now, it is wildly prevailing as a promising functional food additive for human health. More importantly, due to its significant aroma, food, and nutritional value, rosemary also plays an essential role in the food/feed additive and food packaging industries. Modern industrial development and fundamental scientific research have extensively revealed its unique phytochemical constituents with biologically meaningful activities, which closely related to diverse human health functions. In this review, we provide a comprehensively systematic perspective on rosemary by summarizing the structures of various pharmacological and nutritional components, biologically functional activities and their molecular regulatory networks required in food developments, and the recent advances in their applications in the food industry. Finally, the temporary limitations and future research trends regarding the development of rosemary components are also discussed and prospected. Hence, the review covering the fundamental research advances and developing prospects of rosemary is a desirable demand to facilitate their better understanding, and it will also serve as a reference to provide many insights for the future promotion of the research and development of functional foods related to rosemary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Fangfang Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihuan Sang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Tan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
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Khayat MT, Ghazawi KF, Samman WA, Alhaddad AA, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM. Recent advances on natural depsidones: sources, biosynthesis, structure-activity relationship, and bioactivities. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15394. [PMID: 37197584 PMCID: PMC10184659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Depsidones are a class of polyphenolic polyketides that have been proposed to be biosynthesized from oxidative coupling of esters of two polyketidic benzoic acid derivatives. They are principally encountered in fungi and lichens. In addition to their diversified structural features, they revealed varied bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antimalarial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Helicobacter pylori, antimycobacterial, antihypertensive, anti-diarrheal, antidiabetic, phytotoxic, anti-HIV, anti-osteoclastogenic, and butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The current work was targeted to provide an overview on the naturally reported depsidones from various sources in the period from 2018 to the end of 2022 including their structures, biosynthesis, sources, and bioactivities, as well as the reported structure-activity relationship and semisynthetic derivatives. A total of 172 metabolites with 87 references were reviewed. The reported findings unambiguously demonstrated that these derivatives could be promising leads for therapeutic agents. However, further in-vivo evaluation of their potential biological properties and mechanistic investigations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan T. Khayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud F. Ghazawi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad A. Samman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A. Alhaddad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrin RM Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Bai X, Zhou L, Zhou L, Cang S, Liu Y, Liu R, Liu J, Feng X, Fan R. The Research Progress of Extraction, Purification and Analysis Methods of Phenolic Compounds from Blueberry: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083610. [PMID: 37110844 PMCID: PMC10140916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blueberry is the source of a variety of bioactive substances, including phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, pterostilbene, phenolic acids, etc. Several studies have revealed that polyphenols in blueberry have important bioactivities in maintaining health, such as antioxidant and anti-tumor activities, immune regulation, the prevention of chronic diseases, etc. Therefore, these phenolic compounds in blueberries have been widely used in the field of healthcare, and the extraction, isolation, and purification of phenolic compounds are the prerequisites for their utilization. It is imperative to systematically review the research progress and prospects of phenolic compounds present in blueberries. Herein, the latest progress in the extraction, purification, and analysis of phenolic compounds from blueberries is reviewed, which can in turn provide a foundation for further research and usage of blueberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Bai
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Food Science, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Song Cang
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Xun Feng
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Ronghua Fan
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH. Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants-Natural Health Products for Human Health. Molecules 2023; 28:1845. [PMID: 36838831 PMCID: PMC9960276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are potential substitutes for bioactive agents in pharmaceutical and medicinal sections to promote human health and prevent and cure different diseases. The most common flavonoids found in nature are anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanonols, isoflavones, and other sub-classes. The impacts of plant flavonoids and other phenolics on human health promoting and diseases curing and preventing are antioxidant effects, antibacterial impacts, cardioprotective effects, anticancer impacts, immune system promoting, anti-inflammatory effects, and skin protective effects from UV radiation. This work aims to provide an overview of phenolic compounds and flavonoids as potential and important sources of pharmaceutical and medical application according to recently published studies, as well as some interesting directions for future research. The keyword searches for flavonoids, phenolics, isoflavones, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, xanthones, curcuminoids, stilbenes, cucurmin, phenylethanoids, and secoiridoids medicinal plant were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, Google scholar, and PubMed. Phenolic acids contain a carboxylic acid group in addition to the basic phenolic structure and are mainly divided into hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxybenzoic acids are based on a C6-C1 skeleton and are often found bound to small organic acids, glycosyl moieties, or cell structural components. Common hydroxybenzoic acids include gallic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, gentistic, and salicylic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are based on a C6-C3 skeleton and are also often bound to other molecules such as quinic acid and glucose. The main hydroxycinnamic acids are caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-4260-83836
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Shamilov AA, Olennikov DN, Pozdnyakov DI, Bubenchikova VN, Garsiya ER, Larskii MV. Caucasian Blueberry: Comparative Study of Phenolic Compounds and Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Potential of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium arctostaphylos Leaves. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122079. [PMID: 36556444 PMCID: PMC9782065 DOI: 10.3390/life12122079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Two Caucasian blueberries Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. are famous berry bushes growing in the Caucasus region and used to treat neurological diseases, but the chemistry and bioactivity of leaf extracts are still poorly studied. (2) Methods: Phenolic compounds of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos leaf extracts were profiled and quantified by HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS. The neurotropic potential of Vaccinium extracts was studied using the model of middle cerebral artery permanent occlusion to determine cerebral blood flow, the area of the brain tissue necrosis, and antioxidant enzyme activity (including superoxide dismutase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome C oxidase), as well as the concentration of TBARS. (3) Results: Hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids were identified in the leaves of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos, and the dominant metabolite of both extracts was 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the amount of 105-226 mg/g. The studied extracts enhanced the cerebral hemodynamics and decreased the frequency of necrotic and lipooxidative processes in the brain tissue, accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The positive effect of V. arctostaphylos was stronger and exceeded the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba standardized extract. (4) Conclusion: The leaf extracts of Caucasian blueberries V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos as a new source of hydroxycinnamates demonstrated a protective effect of the brain ischemia pathology and can be used as therapeutic agents to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold A. Shamilov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Olennikov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakhyanovoy Street, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-902-160-06-27
| | - Dmitryi I. Pozdnyakov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Bubenchikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Kursk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 3 Karl Marks Street, 305000 Kursk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R. Garsiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Larskii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
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Hu L, Wang Z, Tong Z, Hu P, Kong L, Luo M, Li X, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Zhang Y. Undescribed Meroterpenoids from
Hypericum japonicum
with Neuroprotective Effects on
H
2
O
2
Insult
SH‐SY5Y
Cells Targeting
Keap1‐Nrf2. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Luqi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Nian Li
- Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of High‐throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences Hubei University Wuhan 430062 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province People's Republic of China
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Tanaka N, Kashiwada Y. Characteristic metabolites of Hypericum plants: their chemical structures and biological activities. J Nat Med 2021; 75:423-433. [PMID: 33555487 PMCID: PMC8159811 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants belonging to the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) are recognized as an abundant source of natural products with interesting chemical structures and intriguing biological activities. In the course of our continuing study on constituents of Hypericum plants, aiming at searching natural product-based lead compounds for therapeutic agents, we have isolated more than 100 new characteristic metabolites classified as prenylated acylphloroglucinols, meroterpenes, ketides, dibenzo-1,4-dioxane derivatives, and xanthones including prenylated xanthones, phenylxanthones, and xanthonolignoids from 11 Hypericum plants and one Triadenum plant collected in Japan, China, and Uzbekistan or cultivated in Japan. This review summarizes their chemical structures and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
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Xie JY, Jin Q, Gao JM, Zong SC, Yan XT. Two new benzophenone glycosides from the aerial parts of Hypericum przewalskii. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:3520-3528. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1865955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinghao Jin
- Natural Medicine Institute of Zhejiang YangShengTang Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi-Chun Zong
- Division of Medical Clinic, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Ma QG, Wei RR, Shang DL, Sang ZP, Dong JH. Structurally Diverse Flavonolignans with Immunosuppressive and Neuroprotective Activities from the Fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6564-6575. [PMID: 32437606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides L. has been used for centuries in Europe and Asia as a food with high nutritional and medicinal values. In this study, a bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation of H. rhamnoides L. has resulted in four new dimethylallylated flavonolignans (1-4), four new isopropylpentenone-flavonolignan heterodimers (5-8), two new geranylated flavonolignans (9 and 10), and 14 known flavonolignan derivatives (11-24); they were elucidated by their spectrometric and spectroscopic methods, including HR-ESI-MS, NMR, IR, and UV from the fruit of H. rhamnoides L. for the first time. Among them, compounds 2, 5, 6, 20, and 21 showed potent immunosuppressive activities with IC50 values from 19.42 ± 3.91 to 48.05 ± 12.56 μM. Meanwhile, compounds 1, 4, 11, 12, and 13 showed moderate neuroprotective activities, which increased the cell survival rate from 50.30 ± 4.24% for the model group to 71.63 ± 3.04%, 70.02 ± 4.13%, 61.53 ± 5.93%, 61.08 ± 3.58%, and 65.68 ± 4.88% at 10 μM, respectively. The hypothetical biogenetic pathway and preliminary structure-activity relationship were found and discussed scientifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Ge Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Rui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Li Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanyang the First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Pei Sang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Hong Dong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
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Zhang R, Ji Y, Zhang X, Kennelly EJ, Long C. Ethnopharmacology of Hypericum species in China: A comprehensive review on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112686. [PMID: 32101776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hypericum species have been used traditionally as astringent, antipyretic, diuretic, antiphlogistic, analgesic, and antidepressant in Europe, America, Africa, and Asia. One of the most extensively investigated medicinal herbs, H. perforatum L. (St. John's wort), is widely used in many countries to treat mild to moderate mental depression. Hypericum species are abundant throughout China, including 30 used as ethnomedicines. There are limited publications describing the ethnobotanical uses and biological activities associated with Hypericum species in China. Some reported activities include the treatment of wounds and bruises, irregular menstruation, dysentery, hepatitis, mastitis, jaundice, hemoptysis, and epistaxis. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to critically examine how Hypericum species are used ethnomedicinally in China, to see if the ethnobotanical data may be useful to help prioritize Hypericum species and certain phytochemical constituents that may be new drug leads, and consider the focus and lack of the phytopharmacological study on Hypericum species in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Classic medicinal books and ethnomedicinal publications were reviewed for the genus Hypericum (called jin si tao in Chinese). In addition, relevant information about ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology were from online databases including SciFinder, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). "Hypericum", "", "ethnobotany", "traditional use", "ethnomedicine", "phytochemistry", "pharmacology" and "bioactivity" were used as keywords when searching the databases. Thus, available articles from 1959 to 2019 were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Among 64 Hypericum species recorded in China, 30 have been used as ethnomedicines by 15 linguistic groups such as Dai, Dong, Han, Miao, and Mongolian people. Hypericum species in China possess traditional uses which are also mirrored in Europe, America, Africa, and other countries in Asia. However, there are some unique ethnomedicinal uses in China. For example, several Hypericum species are used as a local remedy in southwest China, and H. attenuatum Fisch. ex Choisy is used to treat cardiac disorders in northeast China. Antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and antiviral activities have been reported in numerous biological studies. The main phytochemical constituents in Hypericum consist of phloroglucinols, naphthodianthrones, xanthones, flavonoids, and terpenoids. CONCLUSIONS There is a rich traditional knowledge regarding the ethnomedicinal uses of Hypericum species in China. Through phytochemical and pharmacological studies, several medicinal Hypericum from China have yielded many bioactive phytochemicals, possessing antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective properties. Hypericum species from China are potential sources of drugs to fight cancer and other chronic diseases. Remarkably, nearly half of Hypericum species in China have rarely been studied, and their ethnomedicinal potential have not been scientifically evaluated. Thus, in vitro mechanistic studies, in vivo pharmacology, and clinical efficacy are all needed, prioritizing those studies that relate most closely with their traditional uses. In addition, a comprehensive plant-resource evaluation, quality control, and toxicology studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifei Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, 10016, USA.
| | - Chunlin Long
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Structural characterization, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective activities of flavonoids from the bulbs of Heleocharis dulcis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103630. [PMID: 32036163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chinese water chestnut, the bulb of Heleocharis dulcis, has been widely consumed as fruit or vegetable in China since ancient times. It exhibits health-promoting properties that leads to an extensive study of their active components. Successive chromatography of active fragments of H. dulcis resulted in isolation of five new chalcone-flavonone heterodimers (1-3, 6, 9), four new diverse flavonoids (4, 5, 7, 8), and sixteen known flavonoids derivatives (10-25) were elucidated on the basis of their IR, UV, NMR, MS spectrometry data analysis and references from H. dulcis for the first time. Among these isolates, compounds 4, 7, 9, 12, 13, and 17 showed moderate neuroprotective activity, which increased the cell survival rate from 49.23 ± 3.68% for the model to 67.75 ± 2.75%, 57.83 ± 2.46%, 67.98 ± 2.74%, 58.65 ± 3.43%, 56.14 ± 1.99%, and 56.70 ± 1.38% at 10 μM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 1-3, 15, 16, 18, and 20 were found to moderately improve the HepG2 cell survival rates from 39.53% (APAP, 10 mM) to 45.53-53.44%. The outcome of the study provided crucial information regarding the structural diversity and health benefits of the edible bulbs of H. dulcis.
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