1
|
Dap M, Albert T, Ramdhani I, Couturier-Tarrade A, Morel O, Chavatte-Palmer P, Beaumont M, Bertholdt C. Is the rabbit a natural model of fetal growth restriction? Morphological and functional characterization study using diffusion-weighted MRI and stereology. Placenta 2024; 154:74-79. [PMID: 38909564 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rabbits are routinely used as a natural model of fetal growth restriction (FGR); however, no studies have confirmed that rabbits have FGR. This study aimed to characterize the fetoplacental unit (FPU) in healthy pregnant rabbits using diffusion-weighted MRI and stereology. A secondary objective of the study was to describe the associations among findings from diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI), fetal weight measurement and histological analysis of the placenta. METHODS Pregnant rabbits underwent DW-MRI under general anesthesia on embryonic day 28 of pregnancy. MR imaging was performed at 3.0 T. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated for the fetal brain, liver, and placenta. The placenta was analyzed by stereology (volume density of trophoblasts, the maternal blood space and fetal vessels). Each fetus and placenta were weighed. Two groups of fetuses were defined according to the position in the uterine horn (Cervix group versus Ovary group). RESULTS We analyzed 20 FPUs from 5 pregnant rabbits. Fetuses and placentas were significantly lighter in the Cervix group than in the Ovary group (34.7 ± 3.7 g vs. 40.2 ± 5.4 g; p = 0.02). Volume density analysis revealed that the percentage of fetal vessels, the maternal blood space and trophoblasts was not significantly affected by the position of the fetus in the uterine horn. There was no difference in ADC values according to the position of the fetus in the uterine horn, and there was no correlation between ADC values and fetal weight. DISCUSSION The findings of a multimodal evaluation of the placenta in a rabbit model of FGR suggested is not a natural model of fetal growth restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Dap
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de la Femme, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Pôle Laboratoire, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - Théo Albert
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Ikrame Ramdhani
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Olivier Morel
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de la Femme, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marine Beaumont
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Charline Bertholdt
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de la Femme, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rousseau-Ralliard D, Chavatte-Palmer P, Couturier-Tarrade A. The Effect of Maternal Exposure to a Diet High in Fats and Cholesterol on the Placental Function and Phenotype of the Offspring in a Rabbit Model: A Summary Review of About 15 Years of Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14547. [PMID: 37834002 PMCID: PMC10572169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The rates of obesity and being overweight are increasing all around the world, especially among women of childbearing age, in part due to overconsumption of lipids. The aim of this summary review was to present the cellular and molecular effects of a hyperlipidic high-cholesterol (H) diet on the maternal and offspring phenotype at the early embryonic, neonatal, weaning and adult stages while considering the effects of sex and to identify the window(s) of vulnerability linked to this exposure in a rabbit model. Before breeding, the H diet induced dyslipidemia and aortic atherosclerosis lesions and increased the number of atretic follicles. In the offspring, the H diet disrupted the embryonic phenotype and induced fetal hypotrophy associated with sex-specific disturbances of the feto-placental unit. In adulthood, the offspring of the H dams were heavier and hyperphagic and had increased blood pressure associated with disturbed gonadal development in both sexes. Vulnerability windows were explored via embryo transfers. The maternal gestational diet was shown to play a key role in the feto-placental phenotype, and preconception programming was unquestionably also observed. These two periods could represent windows of intervention in the context of obesity or being overweight to limit fetal and placental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- BREED, INRAE, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (P.C.-P.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- BREED, INRAE, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (P.C.-P.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- BREED, INRAE, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (P.C.-P.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dap M, Chavatte-Palmer P, Morel O, Bertholdt C. Comments on "Prenatal interventions for fetal growth restriction in animal models: A systematic review". Placenta 2023; 139:212. [PMID: 37473551 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Dap
- Obstetric and Fetal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Foetopathology and Placental Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire of Nancy, Nancy, France; INSERM U1254, IADI, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | | | - Olivier Morel
- Obstetric and Fetal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire of Nancy, Nancy, France; INSERM U1254, IADI, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Charline Bertholdt
- Obstetric and Fetal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire of Nancy, Nancy, France; INSERM U1254, IADI, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El Fouikar S, Duranthon V, Helies V, Jammes H, Couturier-Tarrade A, Gayrard V, Van Acker N, Frenois FX, Archilla C, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Gatimel N, Léandri R. Multigenerational Effects of a Complex Human-Relevant Exposure during Folliculogenesis and Preimplantation Embryo Development: The FEDEXPO Study. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050425. [PMID: 37235240 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Animal toxicological studies often fail to mimic the complexity of the human exposome, associating low doses, combined molecules and long-term exposure. Since the reproductive potential of a woman begins in the fetal ovary, the literature regarding the disruption of its reproductive health by environmental toxicants remains limited. Studies draw attention to follicle development, a major determinant for the quality of the oocyte, and the preimplantation embryo, as both of them are targets for epigenetic reprogramming. The "Folliculogenesis and Embryo Development EXPOsure to a mixture of toxicants: evaluation in the rabbit model" (FEDEXPO) project emerged from consideration of these limitations and aims to evaluate in the rabbit model the impacts of an exposure to a mixture of known and suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during two specific windows, including folliculogenesis and preimplantation embryo development. The mixture combines eight environmental toxicants, namely perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), 2,2'4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol S (BPS), at relevant exposure levels for reproductive-aged women based on biomonitoring data. The project will be organized in order to assess the consequences of this exposure on the ovarian function of the directly exposed F0 females and monitor the development and health of the F1 offspring from the preimplantation stage. Emphasis will be made on the reproductive health of the offspring. Lastly, this multigenerational study will also tackle potential mechanisms for the inheritance of health disruption via the oocyte or the preimplantation embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara El Fouikar
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Virginie Helies
- GenPhySE (Génétique Physiologie et Système d'Elevage), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INPT, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Hélène Jammes
- BREED INRAE, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Véronique Gayrard
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Van Acker
- Plateforme Imag'IN, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Oncopole de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - François-Xavier Frenois
- Plateforme Imag'IN, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Oncopole de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Gatimel
- DEFE (Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité et Environnement), UMR 1203 Inserm, Universités Toulouse et Montpellier, Toulouse Teaching Hospital Group, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Roger Léandri
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sakuragi T, Shibata E, Kondo E, Higami S, Fujimoto S, Amimoto S, Mori H, Aramaki S, Tsuji M, Yoshino K. Relationship between placental hemodynamics and placental histological analysis in third trimester. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:560-567. [PMID: 36352774 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) correlate with the pathological structure of the placenta and whether there were any differences in VI, FI, VFI, and placental pathological structure between the normal and preeclampsia (PE) groups. METHODS Fifty-five pregnant women (normal group, n = 27; PE group, n = 28) underwent VI, FI, and VFI at four locations in the placenta during the second and third trimesters. Two hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained specimens of the postpartum placenta were prepared. We randomly selected two of these locations and used ImageJ, an open-source image package, to quantify intervillous blood vessels (IBV), intervillous spaces (IS), and intervillous blood vessels + intervillous spaces (IBV + IS) per unit placenta and analyzed their correlation with VI, FI, and VFI. RESULTS There was no positive correlation between VI, FI, VFI, IBV, IS, and IBV + IS. There were no significant differences in VI, FI, and VFI between the normal and PE groups; however, there were significant differences in IBV, IS, and IBV + IS in the PE group compared to those in the normal group. CONCLUSIONS Placental hemodynamics measured by VI, FI, and VFI were not positively correlated with placental morphology in the third trimester. There were no differences in the VI, FI, and VFI in the third trimester between the normal and PE groups, suggesting that these may reflect placental circulatory insufficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Sakuragi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Eiji Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Emi Kondo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shota Higami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shigeki Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shoko Amimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aramaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bertholdt C, Dap M, Pillot R, Chavatte-Palmer P, Morel O, Beaumont M. Assessment of placental perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A longitudinal study in pregnant rabbit. Theriogenology 2022; 187:135-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
7
|
He S, Lai W, Lyu GR, Zheng X. The effect of ultrasound-guided intraperitoneal injection of ulinastatin on lung development in intrauterine growth-restricted fetal rabbits. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:6550-6557. [PMID: 34058939 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1918085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect and mechanism of ulinastatin (UTI) on development of lungs in fetal rabbits with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). METHODS Twenty pregnant rabbits were equally divided into normal, IUGR, UTI, and LY groups. The normal group was only injected with saline and marked with tattoo ink. IUGR models were established by injecting N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester in the rabbits of IUGR, UTI, and LY groups. The three groups were injected with saline, UTI, or UTI + LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) respectively, and then marked with tattoo ink. After cesarean section, neonatal weights, and levels of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), nitric oxide (NO), P-Akt, P-eNOS, and pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A) were determined in tissues of the lungs. Radial alveoli count (RAC), pulmonary interstitial ratio, and ultrastructural changes in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC II) were also determined through light and electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with control, the IUGR group showed significantly decreased weight, RAC, lamellar bodies in AEC II, and levels of P-Akt, P-eNOS, DPPC, NO, and SP-A, and increased pulmonary interstitial ratio (p < .05). The UTI treatment did not affect the weight; however, all other parameters were opposite to those observed in the IUGR group (p < .05). Furthermore, these UTI-mediated changes were inhibited by LY294002. CONCLUSIONS Intraperitoneal UTI injection can promote the development of lungs and increase pulmonary surfactant production in IUGR fetal rabbits, potentially by activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaozheng He
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Weicheng Lai
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Guo-Rong Lyu
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Maternal and Child Health Service Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xinying Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bertholdt C, Hossu G, Banasiak C, Beaumont M, Morel O. First trimester screening for pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction using three-dimensional Doppler angiography (SPIRIT): protocol for a multicentre prospective study in nulliparous pregnant women. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037751. [PMID: 33077562 PMCID: PMC7574950 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-eclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are two major pregnancy complications, related to chronic uteroplacental hypoperfusion. Nowadays, there is no screening or diagnostic test for uteroplacental vascularisation deficiency in pregnant women. Since 2004, 3 three-imensional power Doppler (3DPD) angiography has been used for the evaluation of uteroplacental vascularisation and three vascular indices are usually calculated: Vascularisation Index (VI), Flow Index (FI) and vascularisation-FI (VFI). A high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility and a potential interest for placental function study were reported by our team and others.The main objective of our study is to determine differences in 3DPD indices at first trimester between pregnancies defined at their outcome as uncomplicated pregnancy, PE (mild and severe) and IUGR in nulliparous women. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a national multicentre prospective cohort study conducted in four French maternity units. We expect to include 2200 women in a period of 36 months. The nulliparous pregnant women will be recruited during their first trimester consultation (11-13+6 gestation week (GW)).The 3DPD and uterine artery Doppler acquisition will be included in the current routine 11-13+6 GW ultrasound. Also, additional blood samples will be taken for biomarker analysis (PAPP-A and P1GF) and biological collection. Uteroplacental VIs (FI and VFI) will be measured. For each subgroup (uncomplicated pregnancy, PE and IUGR), mean values in 3DPD indices will be computed and compared using a pairwise t test with a Bonferroni correction p value adjustment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the French Ethics Committee, the Comité de Protection des Personnes SUD MEDITERRANEE IV on 13 February 2018 with reference number 17 12 03. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at relevant conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03342014; Pre-results. PHRCN-16-0567.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charline Bertholdt
- Obstetric and Fetal Medicine Unit, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Inserm IADI, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Gabriela Hossu
- Inserm IADI, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Inserm CIC-IT, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Marine Beaumont
- Inserm IADI, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Inserm CIC-IT, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Morel
- Obstetric and Fetal Medicine Unit, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Inserm IADI, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lopez-Tello J, Arias-Alvarez M, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Sferuzzi-Perri AN. Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1781-1809. [PMID: 31538701 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects approximately 10% of human pregnancies globally and has immediate and life-long consequences for offspring health. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of IUGR and its association with later health and disease outcomes are poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, the use of experimental animals is critically important. Since the 50's different environmental, pharmacological, and surgical manipulations have been performed in the rabbit to improve our knowledge of the control of fetal growth, fetal responses to IUGR, and mechanisms by which offspring may be programmed by an adverse gestational environment. The purpose of this review is therefore to summarize the utility of the rabbit as a model for IUGR research. It first summarizes the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal development in the rabbit and how these events relate to developmental milestones in humans. It then describes the methods used to induce IUGR in rabbits and the knowledge gained about the mechanisms determining prenatal and postnatal outcomes of the offspring. Finally, it discusses the application of state of the art approaches in the rabbit, including high-resolution ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene targeting, to gain a deeper integrative understanding of the physiological and molecular events governing the development of IUGR. Overall, we hope to engage and inspire investigators to employ the rabbit as a model organism when studying pregnancy physiology so that we may advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying IUGR and its consequences in humans and other mammalian species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Arias-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Production. Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amanda N Sferuzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma HL, Zhao SX, Lv FR, Zhang ZW, Xiao YH, Sheng B. Volume growth trend and correlation of atrial diameter with lateral ventricular volume in normal fetus and fetus with ventriculomegaly: A STROBE compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16118. [PMID: 31261528 PMCID: PMC6616102 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the growth trend of fetal lateral ventricular volume, for understanding the relationship between atrial diameter (AD) and volume in normal fetus and fetus with ventriculomegaly.Overall, 97 sequential fetal head magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed; these pertained to 50 fetuses with normal lateral ventricles [normal group; gestational age (GA): 24-38 weeks] and 47 fetuses with ventriculomegaly (VM) (VM group; GA: 24-37 weeks). The left, right, and total lateral ventricular volume were measured using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance hydrography (MRH). Correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to assess the relationships of measurements. Lineal regression analysis was used to assess correlation of AD and GA with volume. Between-group differences in terms of AD and volume were assessed using t test.Significant linear growth was observed in the total lateral ventricular volume compared with GA in the normal group with a relative growth rate of 2.87% per week (P <.001). Significant linear relationship between AD and volume was observed, and a significant equation was acquired in the normal group and VM groups, respectively, using the simple linear regression model: left volume = 0.438 * normal left diameter (NLD) + 1.359; right volume = 0.493 * normal right diameter (NRD) + 1.012; left volume = 0.959 * left diameter in VM (VLD) - 2.074; right volume = 0.799 * right diameter in VM (VRD) - 0.443. A significant equation was obtained in the normal group and the VM group, using the multiple linear regression model: Total volume (mL) = 0.396 * NLD + 0.410 * NRD + 3.101; and total volume = 0.989 * VLD + 0.834 * VRD - 3.141, respectively. In terms of AD and volume, the left lateral ventricle was significantly larger than the right side in both groups. The volume of lateral ventricle in AD ≥10 mm group was larger than that in the AD <10 mm group. The total volume in the VM group was significantly larger than that in the normal group.The total lateral ventricular volume increased with GA. AD can be used to evaluate the fetal ventricular volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Ma
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Chongqing
| | - Si-Xiu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Chongqing
| | - Fu-Rong Lv
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Chongqing
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Chongqing
| | - Yun-Hua Xiao
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Yubei District, China
| | - Bo Sheng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Chongqing
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schwartz N, Siegal J, Rourke A, Sehgal CM. Placental Pulsatility: Quantitative Assessment of Placental Bed Vasculature by 2-Dimensional Doppler Cine Imaging. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:471-479. [PMID: 30121962 PMCID: PMC6347511 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascular resistance is known to be one of the determinants of pulsatile flow. This study aimed to investigate whether quantitative 2-dimensional Doppler ultrasound can capture and evaluate the pulsatility within the placental bed vasculature. METHODS The placental bed vasculature was imaged by directional power Doppler ultrasound. Ten-second cine clips were recorded by using standardized machine settings. A region of interest with a prominent Doppler signal in the uteroplacental interface was analyzed for the percentage of vascularity to generate a time-vascularity waveform. A vascular pulsatility index representing variation over the cardiac cycle was calculated by the ratio of the systolic-diastolic difference in vascularity to the mean vascularity. The acquisitions were repeated with 6 different pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) and 3 wall motion filter (WMF) settings to evaluate their impact on the Doppler measurements. RESULTS Ten sets of cine clips were analyzed for this study. The pulsatile nature of the vascularity was readily apparent in each cine clip. The measured time-vascularity waveforms showed uniform cyclic variation in vascularity over the cardiac cycle, with systolic vascularity significantly higher than diastolic vascularity at each combination of PRF and WMF (P < .05). A gradual increase in the vascular pulsatility index was observed with an increasing PRF or WMF. Normalization of systolic-to-diastolic measurement provided a stable vascular assessment across the range of PRFs. CONCLUSIONS Doppler cine clips provide a dynamic representation of the placental bed vasculature and a novel analytic approach to quantitatively evaluating the pulsatility of this critical vascular network. Further work is warranted to explore the reproducibility and clinical potential of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Schwartz
- Maternal Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julia Siegal
- Maternal Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Rourke
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chandra M. Sehgal
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
López-Tello J, Arias-Álvarez M, Jiménez-Martínez MÁ, Barbero-Fernández A, García-García RM, Rodríguez M, Lorenzo PL, Torres-Rovira L, Astiz S, González-Bulnes A, Rebollar PG. The effects of sildenafil citrate on feto-placental development and haemodynamics in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1239-1248. [PMID: 27209378 DOI: 10.1071/rd15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effectiveness of sildenafil citrate (SC) to improve placental and fetal growth in a diet-induced rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Pregnant rabbits were fed either ad libitum (Group C) or restricted to 50% of dietary requirements (Group R) or restricted and treated with SC (Group SC). The treatment with SC improved placental development by increasing vascularity and vessel hypertrophy in the decidua. The assessment of feto-placental haemodynamics showed higher resistance and pulsatility indices at the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in fetuses treated with SC when compared with Group R, which had increased systolic peak and time-averaged mean velocities at the MCA. Furthermore, fetuses in the SC group had significantly higher biparietal and thoracic diameters and longer crown-rump lengths than fetuses in Group R. Hence, the SC group had a reduced IUGR rate and a higher kit size at birth compared with Group R. In conclusion, SC may provide potential benefits in pregnancies with placental insufficiency and IUGR, partially counteracting the negative effects of food restriction on placental development and fetal growth. However, the present study also found evidence of a possible blood overflow in the brain that warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-Tello
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Arias-Álvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Ángeles Jiménez-Martínez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Barbero-Fernández
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa María García-García
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Production, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L Lorenzo
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Astiz
- Comparative Physiology Lab, SGIT-INIA, Avda, Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar G Rebollar
- Department of Animal Production, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Placental physiology monitored by hyperpolarized dynamic 13C magnetic resonance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2429-E2436. [PMID: 29444856 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715175115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental functions, including transport and metabolism, play essential roles in pregnancy. This study assesses such processes in vivo, from a hyperpolarized MRI perspective. Hyperpolarized urea, bicarbonate, and pyruvate were administered to near-term pregnant rats, and all metabolites displayed distinctive behaviors. Little evidence of placental barrier crossing was observed for bicarbonate, at least within the timescales allowed by 13C relaxation. By contrast, urea was observed to cross the placental barrier, with signatures visible from certain fetal organs including the liver. This was further evidenced by the slower decay times observed for urea in placentas vis-à-vis other maternal compartments and validated by mass spectrometric analyses. A clear placental localization, as well as concurrent generation of hyperpolarized lactate, could also be detected for [1-13C]pyruvate. These metabolites also exhibited longer lifetimes in the placentas than in maternal arteries, consistent with a metabolic activity occurring past the trophoblastic interface. When extended to a model involving the administration of a preeclampsia-causing chemical, hyperpolarized MR revealed changes in urea's transport, as well as decreases in placental glycolysis vs. the naïve animals. These distinct behaviors highlight the potential of hyperpolarized MR for the early, minimally invasive detection of aberrant placental metabolism.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lopez-Tello J, Arias-Alvarez M, Jimenez-Martinez MA, Garcia-Garcia RM, Rodriguez M, Lorenzo Gonzalez PL, Bermejo-Poza R, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Garcia Rebollar P. Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169194. [PMID: 28046002 PMCID: PMC5207739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The major goal of animal production is to obtain abundant and healthy meat for consumers. Maternal food restriction (MFR) is often applied in farms to reduce production costs. However, the suitability of MFR in livestock animals is questionable, as this management may compromise maternal fitness due to a severe negative energetic balance and can induce Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) and prenatal programming in the offspring. Here, we sought to determine, using pregnant rabbits, the consequences of MFR on maternal endocrine and metabolic status and conceptus development. Pregnant dams were distributed into three groups: CONTROL (ad libitum feeding throughout the entire pregnancy; mean pregnancy length being around 31 days), UNDERFED (50% MFR during the entire pregnancy) and EARLY-UNDERFED (50% MFR only during the preimplantation period, Days 0–7). Maternal leptin concentrations and glycemic and lipid profiles were determined throughout pregnancy, whilst conceptus development was assessed ex-vivo at Day 28. Placental parameters were determined by macroscopic and histological evaluations and apoptotic assessments (TUNEL and Caspase-3). The main results of the study showed that, despite MFR altered maternal plasma lipid concentration (P<0.05), there were no effects on maternal bodyweight, plasma leptin concentration or glycemic profile. Fetal crown-rump lengths were reduced in both undernourished groups (P<0.001), but a significant reduction in fetal weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001). Growth in both undernourished groups was asymmetrical, with reduced liver weight (P<0.001) and significantly increased brain: fetal weight-ratio (P<0.001) and brain: liver weight-ratio (P<0.001) when compared to the CONTROL group. A significant reduction in placental weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001), despite both undernourished groups showing higher apoptotic rates at decidua and labyrinth zone (P<0.05) than the CONTROL group. Thus, these groups evidenced signs of placental degeneration, necrosis and stromal collapse. In summary, MFR may encourage the mother to make strategic decisions to safeguard her metabolic status and fitness at the expense of growth reduction in the litter, resulting in enhanced apoptotic and pathological processes at placental level and IUGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Arias-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Jimenez-Martinez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez
- Department of Agrarian Production, E.T.S.I.A.A.B. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Luis Lorenzo Gonzalez
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Bermejo-Poza
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Garcia Rebollar
- Department of Agrarian Production, E.T.S.I.A.A.B. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mourier E, Tarrade A, Duan J, Richard C, Bertholdt C, Beaumont M, Morel O, Chavatte-Palmer P. Non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow: lessons from animal models. Reproduction 2016; 153:R85-R96. [PMID: 27845691 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In human obstetrics, placental vascularisation impairment is frequent as well as linked to severe pathological events (preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction), and there is a need for reliable methods allowing non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow. Uteroplacental vascularisation is complex, and animal models are essential for the technical development and safety assessment of these imaging tools for human clinical use; however, these techniques can also be applied in the veterinary context. This paper reviews how ultrasound-based imaging methods such as 2D and 3D Doppler can provide valuable insight for the exploration of placental blood flow both in humans and animals and how new approaches such as the use of ultrasound contrast agents or ultrafast Doppler may allow to discriminate between maternal (non-pulsatile) and foetal (pulsatile) blood flow in the placenta. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging could also be used to evaluate placental blood flow, as indicated by studies in animal models, but its safety in human pregnancy still requires to be confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Mourier
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France .,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - A Tarrade
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - J Duan
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - C Richard
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - C Bertholdt
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - O Morel
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - P Chavatte-Palmer
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Valentino SA, Tarrade A, Aioun J, Mourier E, Richard C, Dahirel M, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Fournier N, Aubrière MC, Lallemand MS, Camous S, Guinot M, Charlier M, Aujean E, Al Adhami H, Fokkens PH, Agier L, Boere JA, Cassee FR, Slama R, Chavatte-Palmer P. Maternal exposure to diluted diesel engine exhaust alters placental function and induces intergenerational effects in rabbits. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:39. [PMID: 27460165 PMCID: PMC4962477 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne pollution is a rising concern in urban areas. Epidemiological studies in humans and animal experiments using rodent models indicate that gestational exposure to airborne pollution, in particular diesel engine exhaust (DE), reduces birth weight, but effects depend on exposure duration, gestational window and nanoparticle (NP) concentration. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to diluted DE on feto-placental development in a rabbit model. Pregnant females were exposed to diluted (1 mg/m(3)), filtered DE (NP diameter ≈ 69 nm) or clean air (controls) for 2 h/day, 5 days/week by nose-only exposure (total exposure: 20 days in a 31-day gestation). RESULTS DE exposure induced early signs of growth retardation at mid gestation with decreased head length (p = 0.04) and umbilical pulse (p = 0.018). Near term, fetal head length (p = 0.029) and plasma insulin and IGF1 concentrations (p = 0.05 and p = 0.019) were reduced. Placental function was also affected, with reduced placental efficiency (fetal/placental weight) (p = 0.049), decreased placental blood flow (p = 0.009) and fetal vessel volume (p = 0.002). Non-aggregated and "fingerprint" NP were observed at various locations, in maternal blood space, in trophoblastic cells and in the fetal blood, demonstrating transplacental transfer. Adult female offspring were bred with control males. Although fetoplacental biometry was not affected near term, second generation fetal metabolism was modified by grand-dam exposure with decreased plasma cholesterol (p = 0.008) and increased triglyceride concentrations (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Repeated daily gestational exposure to DE at levels close to urban pollution can affect feto-placental development in the first and second generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Valentino
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Anne Tarrade
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Josiane Aioun
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- UFR de Pharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, EA 4041/4529 Lip (Sys), Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Biochimie, UF Cardio-Vasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Aubrière
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Lallemand
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Sylvaine Camous
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Madia Charlier
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Etienne Aujean
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Hala Al Adhami
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Paul H. Fokkens
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Lydiane Agier
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - John A. Boere
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Flemming R. Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abulé RMD, Bernardes LS, Doro GF, Miyadahira S, Francisco RPV. Reduced placental volume and flow in severe growth restricted fetuses. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2016; 71:332-7. [PMID: 27438567 PMCID: PMC4930658 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2016(06)08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate placental volume and vascular indices in pregnancies with severe fetal growth restriction and determine their correlations to normal reference ranges and Doppler velocimetry results of uterine and umbilical arteries. METHODS Twenty-seven fetuses with estimated weights below the 3rd percentile for gestational age were evaluated. Placental volume and vascular indices, including vascularization, flow, and vascularization flow indices, were measured by three-dimensional ultrasound using a rotational technique and compared to a previously described nomogram. The observed-to-expected placental volume ratio for gestational age and observed-to-expected placental volume ratio for fetal weight were calculated. Placental parameters correlated with the Doppler velocimetry results of uterine and umbilical arteries. RESULTS The mean uterine artery pulsatility index was negatively correlated with the observed-to-expected placental volume ratio for gestational age, vascularization index and vascularization flow index. The observed-to-expected placental volume ratio for gestational age and observed-to-expected placental volume ratio for fetal weight and vascularization index were significantly lower in the group with a bilateral protodiastolic notch. No placental parameter correlated with the umbilical artery pulsatility index. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancies complicated by severe fetal growth restriction are associated with reduced placental volume and vascularization. These findings are related to changes in uterine artery Doppler velocimetry. Future studies on managing severe fetal growth restriction should focus on combined results of placental three-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler studies of uterine arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Montes Dourado Abulé
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Stein Bernardes
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
- E-mail:
| | - Giovana Farina Doro
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Seizo Miyadahira
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira Francisco
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Obstetrícia, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Diet before and during Pregnancy and Offspring Health: The Importance of Animal Models and What Can Be Learned from Them. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13060586. [PMID: 27314367 PMCID: PMC4924043 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13060586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review article outlines epidemiologic studies that support the hypothesis that maternal environment (including early nutrition) plays a seminal role in determining the offspring’s long-term health and metabolism, known as the concept of Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases (DOHaD). In this context, current concerns are particularly focused on the increased incidence of obesity and diabetes, particularly in youth and women of child-bearing age. We summarize key similarities, differences and limitations of various animal models used to study fetal programming, with a particular focus on placentation, which is critical for translating animal findings to humans. This review will assist researchers and their scientific audience in recognizing the pros and cons of various rodent and non-rodent animal models used to understand mechanisms involved in fetal programming. Knowledge gained will lead to improved translation of proposed interventional therapies before they can be implemented in humans. Although rodents are essential for fundamental exploration of biological processes, other species such as rabbits and other domestic animals offer more tissue-specific physiological (rabbit placenta) or physical (ovine maternal and lamb birth weight) resemblances to humans. We highlight the important maternal, placental, and fetal/neonatal characteristics that contribute to developmentally programmed diseases, specifically in offspring that were affected in utero by undernutrition, overnutrition or maternal diabetes. Selected interventions aimed at prevention are summarized with a specific focus on the 1000 days initiative in humans, and maternal exercise or modification of the n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) balance in the diet, which are currently being successfully tested in animal models to correct or reduce adverse prenatal programming. Animal models are essential to understand mechanisms involved in fetal programming and in order to propose interventional therapies before they can be implemented in humans. Non-rodent animals are particularly important and should not be neglected, as they are often more physiologically-appropriate models to mimic the human situation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Duan J, Chabot-Lecoanet AC, Perdriolle-Galet E, Christov C, Hossu G, Cherifi A, Morel O. Utero-placental vascularisation in normal and preeclamptic and intra-uterine growth restriction pregnancies: third trimester quantification using 3D power Doppler with comparison to placental vascular morphology (EVUPA): a prospective controlled study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009909. [PMID: 27033959 PMCID: PMC4823389 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) are two major pregnancy complications related to chronic utero-placental hypoperfusion. Three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) angiography has been used for the evaluation of utero-placental vascularisation and three vascular indices have been calculated: the vascularisation index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularisation-FI (VFI). However, several technical endpoints hinder the clinical use of 3DPD as physical characteristics and machine settings may affect 3DPD indices, and so its clinical significance is not yet clear. OBJECTIVES The primary objective is to better understand the clinical significance of 3DPD indices by evaluating the relationship between these indices and placental morphometry. Secondary objectives are (i) to determine the impact of machine settings and physical characteristics on 3DPD indices, and (ii) to evaluate physio-pathological placental vascularisation patterns. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective controlled study. We expect to include 112 women: 84 with normal pregnancies and 28 with PE and/or IUGR (based on our former cohort study on 3DPD indices for PE and/or IUGR prediction (unpublished data)). Within 72 h before planned or semi-urgent caesarean section, utero-placental 3DPD images with five different machine settings will be acquired. Placentas will be collected and examined after surgery and stereological indices (volume density, surface density, length density) calculated. The 3DPD indices (VI, FI and VFI) of the placenta and adjacent myometrium will be calculated. Correlation between Doppler and morphological indices will be evaluated by Pearson or Spearman tests. Agreement between 3DPD indices and morphological indices will be assessed by Bland and Altman plots. The impact of Doppler settings and maternal characteristics on 3DPD indices will be evaluated with a multivariate linear regression model. ETHICS The study and related consent forms have been approved by the French Ethics Committee (CPP, Comité de Protection des Personnes) Est III on 4 March 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Duan
- IADI, Inserm U947, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Service d'Obstétrique et Médecine Fœtale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Anne-Claire Chabot-Lecoanet
- IADI, Inserm U947, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Service d'Obstétrique et Médecine Fœtale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Estelle Perdriolle-Galet
- IADI, Inserm U947, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Service d'Obstétrique et Médecine Fœtale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Christophe Christov
- Service Commun de Microscopie, Faculté de Médecine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- Laboratory of Fetal and Placental Pathology, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Morel
- IADI, Inserm U947, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Service d'Obstétrique et Médecine Fœtale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
[Placental 3D Doppler angiography: current and upcoming applications]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 44:107-18. [PMID: 25307617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The placental dysfunction, which seems to be caused by a defect of trophoblastic invasion and impaired uterine vascular remodeling since the first trimester, is responsible in a non-exclusive way for the chronic placental hypoxia, resulting secondarily in the intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and/or pre-eclampsia (PE). The quality of utero-placental vasculature is essential for a proper fetal development and a successful progress of pregnancy. However, the in vivo assessment of placental vascularization with non-invasive methods is complicated by the small size of placental terminal vessel and its complex architecture. Moreover, imaging with contrast agent is not recommended to pregnant women. Until recently, the fetal and maternal vascularization could only be evaluated through pulse Doppler of uterine arteries during pregnancy, which has little clinical value for utero-placental vascularization defects assessment. Recently, a non-invasive study, without use of contrast agent for vasculature evaluation of an organ of interest has become possible by the development of 3D Doppler angiography technique. The objective of this review was to make an inventory of its current and future applications for utero-placental vasculature quantification. The main findings of the literature on the assessment of utero-placental vascularization in physiological situation and major placental vascular dysfunction pathologies such as PE and IUGR were widely discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tarrade A, Lecarpentier E, Gil S, Morel O, Zahr N, Dahirel M, Tsatsaris V, Chavatte-Palmer P. Analysis of placental vascularization in a pharmacological rabbit model of IUGR induced by l-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Placenta 2014; 35:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Bonney EA. Demystifying animal models of adverse pregnancy outcomes: touching bench and bedside. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 69:567-84. [PMID: 23448345 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This represents an overview of the use of animal models to study the adverse pregnancy outcomes seen in humans. The purpose is to entice clinicians to utilize some of this information to seek out the literature and have more meaningful and profitable discussions with their academic colleagues and enhance transdisciplinary research in reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Favaron PO, Mess AM, de Oliveira MF, Gabory A, Miglino MA, Chavatte-Palmer P, Tarrade A. Morphometric analysis of the placenta in the New World mouse Necromys lasiurus (Rodentia, Cricetidae): a comparison of placental development in cricetids and murids. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2013; 11:10. [PMID: 23433040 PMCID: PMC3598642 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-11-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereology is an established method to extrapolate three-dimensional quantities from two-dimensional images. It was applied to placentation in the mouse, but not yet for other rodents. Herein, we provide the first study on quantitative placental development in a sigmodontine rodent species with relatively similar gestational time. Placental structure was also compared to the mouse, in order to evaluate similarities and differences in developmental patterns at the end of gestation. METHODS Fetal and placental tissues of Necromys lasiurus were collected and weighed at 3 different stages of gestation (early, mid and late gestation) for placental stereology. The total and relative volumes of placenta and of its main layers were investigated. Volume fractions of labyrinth components were quantified by the One Stop method in 31 placentae collected from different individuals, using the Mercator software. Data generated at the end of gestation from N. lasiurus placentae were compared to those of Mus musculus domesticus obtained at the same stage. RESULTS A significant increase in the total absolute volumes of the placenta and its main layers occurred from early to mid-gestation, followed by a reduction near term, with the labyrinth layer becoming the most prominent area. Moreover, at the end of gestation, the total volume of the mouse placenta was significantly increased compared to that of N. lasiurus although the proportions of the labyrinth layer and junctional zones were similar. Analysis of the volume fractions of the components in the labyrinth indicated a significant increase in fetal vessels and sinusoidal giant cells, a decrease in labyrinthine trophoblast whereas the proportion of maternal blood space remained stable in the course of gestation. On the other hand, in the mouse, volume fractions of fetal vessels and sinusoidal giant cells decreased whereas the volume fraction of labyrinthine trophoblast increased compared to N. lasiurus placenta. CONCLUSIONS Placental development differed between N. lasiurus and M. musculus domesticus. In particular, the low placental efficiency in N. lasiurus seemed to induce morphological optimization of fetomaternal exchanges. In conclusion, despite similar structural aspects of placentation in these species, the quantitative dynamics showed important differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phelipe O Favaron
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Andrea M Mess
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Moacir F de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Anne Gabory
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France
- ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, F-94704, France
| | - Maria A Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France
- ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, F-94704, France
- Foundation PremUp, Paris, France
| | - Anne Tarrade
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France
- ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, F-94704, France
- Foundation PremUp, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|