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Bashir MA, Bertamini M, Gottardini E, Grando MS, Faralli M. Olive reproductive biology: implications for yield, compatibility conundrum, and environmental constraints. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4300-4313. [PMID: 38660967 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an important Mediterranean tree species with a longstanding history of cultivation, boasting a diverse array of local cultivars. While traditional olive orchards are valued for their cultural and aesthetic significance, they often face economic sustainability challenges in the modern context. The success of both traditional and newly introduced cultivars (e.g. those obtained by cross-breeding) is hindered by self-incompatibility, a prevalent issue for this species that results in low fruit set when limited genetic diversity is present. Further, biological, environmental, and agronomic factors have been shown to interlink in shaping fertilization patterns, hence impacting on the final yield. Climatic conditions during pollination, such as excessive rainfall or high temperatures, can further exacerbate the problem. In this work, we provide an overview of the various factors that trigger the phenomenon of suboptimal fruit set in olive trees. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the interplay among these factors, shedding light on potential mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the observed outcomes in the context of self-incompatibility in olive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Bashir
- Centre of Agriculture Food and Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Massimo Bertamini
- Centre of Agriculture Food and Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige, (TN), Italy
| | - Elena Gottardini
- Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige, (TN), Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Centre of Agriculture Food and Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige, (TN), Italy
| | - Michele Faralli
- Centre of Agriculture Food and Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38098 San Michele All'Adige, (TN), Italy
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Park SH, Kim JG. The reduced growth due to elevated CO 2 concentration hinders the sexual reproduction of mature Northern pipevine (Aristolochia contorta Bunge ). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1359783. [PMID: 38571710 PMCID: PMC10987783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1359783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The phenology has gained considerably more attention in recent times of climate change. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phases is a critical process in the life history of plants, closely tied to phenology. In an era of climate change, understanding how environmental factors affect this transition is of paramount importance. This study consisted of field surveys and a greenhouse experiment on the reproductive biology of Northern pipevine (Aristolochia contorta Bunge). During field surveys, we investigated the environmental factors and growth characteristics of mature A. contorta, with a focus on both its vegetative and reproductive phases. In its successful flowering during the reproductive phase, A. contorta grew under the conditions of 40% relative light intensity and 24% soil moisture content, and had a vertical rhizome. In the greenhouse experiments, we examined the impact of increased CO2 concentration on the growth and development of 10-year-old A. contorta, considering the effect of rhizome direction. Planted with a vertical rhizome direction, A. contorta exhibited sufficient growth for flowering under ambient CO2 concentrations. In contrast, when planted with a horizontal rhizome direction, it was noted to significantly impede successful growth and flowering under elevated CO2 concentrations. This hindered the process of flowering, highlighting the pivotal role of substantial vegetative growth in achieving successful flowering. Furthermore, we observed a higher number of underground buds and shoots under the conditions of elevated CO2 concentration and a horizontal rhizome direction instead of flowering. Elevated CO2 concentrations also exhibited diverse effects on mature A. contorta's flower traits, resulting in smaller flower size, shorter longevity, and reduced stigma receptivity, and pollen viability. The study shed light on elevated CO2 concentrations can hinder growth, potentially obstructing sexual reproduction and diminishing genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyun Park
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Education Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park SH, Kim JG. Mechanistic understanding of perianth traits hindering pollination in Aristolochia contorta Bunge. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1226331. [PMID: 37810400 PMCID: PMC10552756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1226331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Insects are vital pollinators for angiosperms, playing a crucial role in their reproductive success and fruit production. Aristolochia contorta is a perennial herbaceous vine that occurs in fragmented populations across East Asia. One notable feature of this plant is its trap flower, which employs a unique mechanism to attract, trap, retain, and release insects, ensuring effective pollination. The presence of this trap flower significantly influences the pollination system of A. contorta. Field surveys and pollination experiments were conducted to understand the processes and effectiveness of its pollination mechanism. It was allogamous and was pollinated by the species from Ceratopogonidae. During the insect attraction stage, 11.57% of the flowers contained insects, primarily Ceratopogonidae spp. Most Ceratopogonidae spp. concentrated in few flowers, indicating that although overall attraction might be modest, specific flowers acted as significant focal points for gathering. Trichomes effectively trapped Ceratopogonidae spp. inside flower tubes. In the retention stage, 26.16% of Ceratopogonidae spp. were loaded with pollen grains, but only 7.91% of those exited the flowers in the release stage. The sticky texture of the perianth's internal cavity posed challenges during this release, leading to adhesion and clogging of the narrow perianth tube. Consequently, a significant portion of Ceratopogonidae spp. became trapped on the perianth wall and perished. This highlights that despite the significant energy and resources invested in flower development, the perianth contributes to the low pollination effectiveness. This study revealed additive factors with negative effects on pollination, including the densely clustered distribution of its pollinators within only a few flowers, insufficient pollen loading onto pollinators, hindered release of entrapped pollinators due to the perianth adhesive surface, and a high rate of defective pollen grains in A. contorta. These factors account for the observed phenomenon of low fruit set (7.7%) and contribute to the diminished rate of sexual reproduction in A. contorta populations. This might lead the species to heavily rely on asexual reproduction, which could potentially lead to gene erosion within populations. The implications of these findings extend to the ecological and conservation aspects, emphasizing the need to understand and conserve the unique pollination system of A. contorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyun Park
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Education Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wisman AP, Minami M, Tamada Y, Hirohata S, Gomi K, Fukusaki E, Shimma S. Visualization of dipeptidyl peptidase B enzymatic reaction in rice koji using mass spectrometry imaging. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 134:133-137. [PMID: 35643851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme histochemistry via mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has garnered attention as a straightforward approach for visualizing enzymatic reactions. While several studies in the medical and physiological fields have shown its promising application potential, its applicability to agricultural or food studies has not yet been demonstrated. Rice koji, known as an enzyme source for various fermented products, is a suitable model for demonstrating the applicability of this method to food-related materials. In this study, the enzymatic reaction of dipeptidyl peptidase B (DppB) in rice koji was visualized using MSI for the first time. The method was optimized and applied to investigate the effects of rice variety, polishing ratio, and cultivation time on the location of the DppB reaction. The DppB enzymatic reaction was found to occur in different locations in each of the two rice varieties, Yamadanishiki and Hakutsurunishiki. The polishing ratio also affected the distribution of the DppB enzymatic reactions. Furthermore, a time-course investigation of rice koji cultivation revealed that while the location of the reaction was largely associated with mycelial penetration, the structure and features of the rice grain may also affect the location of the enzymatic reaction. In summary, these results demonstrate the applicability of enzyme histochemistry by MSI to food-related materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinda Putri Wisman
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Makiho Minami
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tamada
- Hakutsuru Sake Brewing Co., Ltd., 4-5-5 Sumiyoshi Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6580041, Japan
| | - Shuji Hirohata
- Hakutsuru Sake Brewing Co., Ltd., 4-5-5 Sumiyoshi Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6580041, Japan
| | - Katsuya Gomi
- Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808572, Japan; Laboratory of Fermentation Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808572, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Osaka University Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratory, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shimma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Osaka University Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratory, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
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Research on the reproductive biological characteristics of Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250335. [PMID: 34411118 PMCID: PMC8376005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of biological characteristics on the yield of Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu, to find an effective pollen viability evaluation method and storage method to solve the problem of the low yield of Amomum plants. METHODS Five germplasm of Amomum plants were used to investigate the effects of the phenological phase, pollen viability, and stigma receptivity on natural and artificial fruit set. RESULTS Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu showed late flowering, and its natural pollination rate is higher than that of Amomum villosum Lour. In all germplasm, the artificial pollination rate and fruit setting rate are more than 3 times higher than that under natural conditions. Fruits begin to drop seven days after successful pollination, and the fruit drop is basically stable after one month. The hybridization verification showed that TTC method was simpler and more accurate than in vitro germination method. Optimal storage conditions for pollen are 4°C and high humidity. After 36 h of storage, pollen can still be used for artificial cross-pollination or as hybrid parents. CONCLUSION The special biological characteristics are the fundamental reason for the low natural pollination rate of Amomum plants. The accurate measurement method of Amomum plants pollen is the TTC method, and storage at 4°C and high humidity can increase the yield, which was six times that of the natural yield.
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Genetic Resources of Olea europaea L. in the Garda Trentino Olive Groves Revealed by Ancient Trees Genotyping and Parentage Analysis of Drupe Embryos. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101171. [PMID: 33036264 PMCID: PMC7600466 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The area of the Garda Lake within the Trentino province (north of Italy) is the northernmost part of Europe where the Mediterranean species Olea europaea L. is traditionally cultivated. ‘Casaliva’ is claimed as the main variety traditionally grown in the Garda Trentino area (GT) from which a world renowned niche extra virgin olive oil is produced. Since a dominant presence of ‘Casaliva’ would link the fruit set success and yield to a self-pollination compatibility system, a deep genetic survey of the olive tree population in the GT has been performed with the aim of establishing the actual varietal composition and of understanding from which pollen donor the ‘Casaliva’ olives originate. Forty-four different genetic profiles were observed among the 205 leaf samples collected from 106 ancient trees through the analysis of 20 nuclear microsatellite markers. The varietal composition in modern orchards was also explored and the vast majority of the additional 151 trees analyzed showed the same genotype as the ancient accessions of ‘Casaliva’. The results support the long historical link of ‘Casaliva’ with the GT and, besides a high varietal homogeneity, they also revealed the presence of olive genetic resources essential to fruit production. In fact, the parentage analysis of 550 embryos from drupes of ‘Casaliva’ evidenced that a cross-fertilization system is favored and a list of candidate cultivars most suitable as local pollinizers of ‘Casaliva’ was identified.
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Lombardo L, Fila G, Lombardo N, Epifani C, Duffy DH, Godino G, Salimonti A, Zelasco S. Uncovering Olive Biodiversity through Analysis of Floral and Fruiting Biology and Assessment of Genetic Diversity of 120 Italian Cultivars with Minor or Marginal Diffusion. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8030062. [PMID: 31466369 PMCID: PMC6783865 DOI: 10.3390/biology8030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The primary impetus behind this research was to provide a boost to the characterization of the Italian olive biodiversity by acquiring reliable and homogeneous data over the course of an eight-year trial on the floral and fruiting biology of 120 molecularly analyzed cultivars, most of which have either low or very low diffusion. The obtained data highlighted a considerable variability to almost all of the analyzed parameters, which given the uniformity of environment and crop management was indicative of a large genetic variability in the accessions under observation, as confirmed through the molecular analysis. Several cases of synonymy were reported for the first time, even among plants cultivated in different regions, whilst all of the varieties examined, with only one exception, showed very low percentages of self-fruit-set, indicating a need for the employment of suitable pollinator plants. Eventually, a fitted model allowed us to evaluate the clear effects of the thermal values on blossoming, particularly in the months of March and April, whereas the climatic conditions during the flowering time had only a modest effect on its duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lombardo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Gianni Fila
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, 40128 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nicola Lombardo
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, 87036 Rende, Italy; (N.L.); (G.G.); (A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Chiara Epifani
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, 00184 Roma, Italy;
| | - Donald H. Duffy
- Department of Computer Science and Automation Control, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Ketensis, New York, NY 10036, USA
| | - Gianluca Godino
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, 87036 Rende, Italy; (N.L.); (G.G.); (A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Amelia Salimonti
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, 87036 Rende, Italy; (N.L.); (G.G.); (A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Samanta Zelasco
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, 87036 Rende, Italy; (N.L.); (G.G.); (A.S.); (S.Z.)
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Alagna F, Caceres ME, Pandolfi S, Collani S, Mousavi S, Mariotti R, Cultrera NGM, Baldoni L, Barcaccia G. The Paradox of Self-Fertile Varieties in the Context of Self-Incompatible Genotypes in Olive. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:725. [PMID: 31293602 PMCID: PMC6606695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Olive, representing one of the most important fruit crops of the Mediterranean area, is characterized by a general low fruit yield, due to numerous constraints, including alternate bearing, low flower viability, male-sterility, inter-incompatibility, and self-incompatibility (SI). Early efforts to clarify the genetic control of SI in olive gave conflicting results, and only recently, the genetic control of SI has been disclosed, revealing that olive possesses an unconventional homomorphic sporophytic diallelic system of SI, dissimilar from other described plants. This system, characterized by the presence of two SI groups, prevents self-fertilization and regulates inter-compatibility between cultivars, such that cultivars bearing the same incompatibility group are incompatible. Despite the presence of a functional SI, some varieties, in particular conditions, are able to set seeds following self-fertilization, a mechanism known as pseudo-self-compatibility (PSC), as widely reported in previous literature. Here, we summarize the results of previous works on SI in olive, particularly focusing on the occurrence of self-fertility, and offer a new perspective in view of the recent elucidation of the genetic architecture of the SI system in olive. Recent advances in research aimed at unraveling the molecular bases of SI and its breakdown in olive are also presented. The clarification of these mechanisms may have a huge impact on orchard management and will provide fundamental information for the future of olive breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Alagna
- Dipartimento Tecnologie Energetiche (DTE), Centro Ricerche Trisaia, ENEA Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Rotondella, Italy
| | - M. E. Caceres
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Collani
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - S. Mousavi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
| | - N. G. M. Cultrera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Baldoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio Agroalimentari (DiSBA), Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Perugia, Italy
- *Correspondence: L. Baldoni,
| | - G. Barcaccia
- Laboratorio di Genomica, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente (DAFNAE), Università di Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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Saumitou-Laprade P, Vernet P, Vekemans X, Billiard S, Gallina S, Essalouh L, Mhaïs A, Moukhli A, El Bakkali A, Barcaccia G, Alagna F, Mariotti R, Cultrera NGM, Pandolfi S, Rossi M, Khadari B, Baldoni L. Elucidation of the genetic architecture of self-incompatibility in olive: Evolutionary consequences and perspectives for orchard management. Evol Appl 2017; 10:867-880. [PMID: 29151878 PMCID: PMC5680433 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The olive (Olea europaea L.) is a typical important perennial crop species for which the genetic determination and even functionality of self‐incompatibility (SI) are still largely unresolved. It is still not known whether SI is under gametophytic or sporophytic genetic control, yet fruit production in orchards depends critically on successful ovule fertilization. We studied the genetic determination of SI in olive in light of recent discoveries in other genera of the Oleaceae family. Using intra‐ and interspecific stigma tests on 89 genotypes representative of species‐wide olive diversity and the compatibility/incompatibility reactions of progeny plants from controlled crosses, we confirmed that O. europaea shares the same homomorphic diallelic self‐incompatibility (DSI) system as the one recently identified in Phillyrea angustifolia and Fraxinus ornus. SI is sporophytic in olive. The incompatibility response differs between the two SI groups in terms of how far pollen tubes grow before growth is arrested within stigma tissues. As a consequence of this DSI system, the chance of cross‐incompatibility between pairs of varieties in an orchard is high (50%) and fruit production may be limited by the availability of compatible pollen. The discovery of the DSI system in O. europaea will undoubtedly offer opportunities to optimize fruit production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Saumitou-Laprade
- CNRSUMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Philippe Vernet
- CNRSUMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Xavier Vekemans
- CNRSUMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Sylvain Billiard
- CNRSUMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Sophie Gallina
- CNRSUMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | | | - Ali Mhaïs
- Montpellier SupAgro UMR 1334 AGAP Montpellier France.,INRAUR Amélioration des Plantes Marrakech Morocco.,Laboratoire AgroBiotech L02B005 Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Guéliz University Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Morocco
| | | | - Ahmed El Bakkali
- INRAUR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques Meknès Morocco
| | - Gianni Barcaccia
- Laboratory of Genomics and Plant Breeding DAFNAE - University of Padova Legnaro PD Italy
| | - Fiammetta Alagna
- Research Unit for Table Grapes and Wine Growing in Mediterranean Environment CREATuriBA Italy.,CNRInstitute of Biosciences and BioresourcesPerugiaItaly
| | | | | | | | - Martina Rossi
- CNRInstitute of Biosciences and BioresourcesPerugiaItaly
| | - Bouchaïb Khadari
- Montpellier SupAgro UMR 1334 AGAP Montpellier France.,INRA/CBNMed UMR 1334 Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes (AGAP) Montpellier France
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Gupta R, Sutradhar H, Chakrabarty SK, Ansari MW, Singh Y. Stigmatic receptivity determines the seed set in Indian mustard, rice and wheat crops. Commun Integr Biol 2016; 8:e1042630. [PMID: 27066163 PMCID: PMC4802787 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1042630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stigmatic receptivity restricts the successful pollination in cereal crops. The present study deals with the biochemical test for enzymes producing in stigma of field crops such as Indian mustard, rice and wheat. The alcohol dehydrogenase and hydrogen peroxide assays revealed stigmatic receptivity as a violet color and oxygen bubbles released by the chemical reaction. Therefore, the 2 quick tests are in conformity to each other and supported the seed set data, which was utmost at blooming stage of flower ranged between 2–4 d All the 3 crops showed variation in stigmatic receptivity with respect to different time periods of blooming stages and hence, it may affects simultaneous pollen germination and tube growth, fertilization and seed set. The present finding suggests that the growth of pollen tube and stigma receptivity could be influenced by specific enzymes on stigma surface after 2–4 d of blooming stage, which contributes to proper seed set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramwant Gupta
- Division of Seed Science and Technology; Indian Agricultural Research Institute ; New Delhi, India
| | - Hrishikesh Sutradhar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology; Indian Agricultural Research Institute ; New Delhi, India
| | - S K Chakrabarty
- Division of Seed Science and Technology; Indian Agricultural Research Institute ; New Delhi, India
| | - Mohhammed Wahid Ansari
- Plant Biology: Plant Molecular Biology Group; International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ; New Delhi, India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Division of Seed Science and Technology; Indian Agricultural Research Institute ; New Delhi, India
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11
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Singh R, Singh S, Parihar P, Mishra RK, Tripathi DK, Singh VP, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Beneficial Companions of Plants' Developmental Processes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1299. [PMID: 27729914 PMCID: PMC5037240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated inevitably in the redox reactions of plants, including respiration and photosynthesis. In earlier studies, ROS were considered as toxic by-products of aerobic pathways of the metabolism. But in recent years, concept about ROS has changed because they also participate in developmental processes of plants by acting as signaling molecules. In plants, ROS regulate many developmental processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, programmed cell death, seed germination, gravitropism, root hair growth and pollen tube development, senescence, etc. Despite much progress, a comprehensive update of advances in the understanding of the mechanisms evoked by ROS that mediate in cell proliferation and development are fragmentry and the matter of ROS perception and the signaling cascade remains open. Therefore, keeping in view the above facts, an attempt has been made in this article to summarize the recent findings regarding updates made in the regulatory action of ROS at various plant developmental stages, which are still not well-known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Rohit K. Mishra
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Durgesh K. Tripathi
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- Government Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate CollegeBaikunthpur, India
- *Correspondence: Vijay P. Singh, Sheo M. Prasad,
| | - Devendra K. Chauhan
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Sheo M. Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
- *Correspondence: Vijay P. Singh, Sheo M. Prasad,
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Serrano I, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM, Olmedilla A. The role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in programmed cell death associated with self-incompatibility. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2869-76. [PMID: 25750430 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Successful sexual reproduction often relies on the ability of plants to recognize self- or genetically-related pollen and prevent pollen tube growth soon after germination in order to avoid self-fertilization. Angiosperms have developed different reproductive barriers, one of the most extended being self-incompatibility (SI). With SI, pistils are able to reject self or genetically-related pollen thus promoting genetic variability. There are basically two distinct systems of SI: gametophytic (GSI) and sporophytic (SSI) based on their different molecular and genetic control mechanisms. In both types of SI, programmed cell death (PCD) has been found to play an important role in the rejection of self-incompatible pollen. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) were initially recognized as toxic metabolic products, in recent years, a new role for ROS has become apparent: the control and regulation of biological processes such as growth, development, response to biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli, and PCD. Together with ROS, nitric oxide (NO) has become recognized as a key regulator of PCD. PCD is an important mechanism for the controlled elimination of targeted cells in both animals and plants. The major focus of this review is to discuss how ROS and NO control male-female cross-talk during fertilization in order to trigger PCD in self-incompatible pollen, providing a highly effective way to prevent self-fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Adela Olmedilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
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Roldán JA, Rojas HJ, Goldraij A. In vitro inhibition of incompatible pollen tubes in Nicotiana alata involves the uncoupling of the F-actin cytoskeleton and the endomembrane trafficking system. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:63-75. [PMID: 24841893 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the S-RNase-based self-incompatibility system, subcellular events occurring in the apical region of incompatible pollen tubes during the pollen rejection process are poorly understood. F-actin dynamics and endomembrane trafficking are crucial for polar growth, which is temporally and spatially controlled in the tip region of pollen tubes. Thus, we developed a simple in vitro assay to study the changes in the F-actin cytoskeleton and the endomembrane system at the apical region of incompatible pollen tubes in Nicotiana alata. Growth but not germination of pollen tubes of S c₁₀-, S₇₀-, and S₇₅-haplotypes was selectively inhibited by style extracts carrying the same haplotypes. Pollen F-actin cytoskeleton and endomembrane system, visualized by fluorescent markers, were normal during the initial 60 min of pollen culture in the presence of compatible and incompatible style extracts. Additional culture resulted in complete growth arrest and critical alterations in the integrity of the F-actin cytoskeleton and the endomembrane system of incompatible pollen tubes. The F-actin ring and the V-shaped zone disappeared from the apical region, while distorted F-actin cables and progressive formation of membrane aggregates evolved in the subapical region and the shank. The vacuolar network of incompatible pollen tubes invaded the tip region, but vacuolar membrane integrity remained mostly unaffected. The polar growth machinery of incompatible pollen tubes was uncoupled, as evidenced by the severe disruption of colocalization between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the endomembrane compartments. A model of pollen rejection integrating the main subcellular events occurring in incompatible pollen is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Roldán
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
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