1
|
Zhou X, Lei Z, An P. Post-Translational Modification of WRKY Transcription Factors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2040. [PMID: 39124158 PMCID: PMC11314200 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are involved in numerous biological processes, including signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, growth and development, and stress responses. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play significant roles in plant growth, development, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses, making them one of the largest and most vital TF families in plants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the importance of PTMs of WRKY TFs in various life processes. This review focuses on the recent advancements in understanding the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of WRKY TFs, particularly their roles in resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and in plant growth and development. Future research directions and prospects in this field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zaojuan Lei
- Huanghua Port Business Department, Technical Center of Shijiazhuang Customs District, Cangzhou 061113, China; (Z.L.); (P.A.)
| | - Pengtian An
- Huanghua Port Business Department, Technical Center of Shijiazhuang Customs District, Cangzhou 061113, China; (Z.L.); (P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deng D, Sun S, Wu W, Duan C, Wu X, Zhu Z. Fine mapping and identification of a Fusarium wilt resistance gene FwS1 in pea. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:171. [PMID: 38918246 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A Fusarium wilt resistance gene FwS1 on pea chromosome 6 was identified and mapped to a 91.4 kb region by a comprehensive genomic-based approach, and the gene Psat6g003960 harboring NB-ARC domain was identified as the putative candidate gene. Pea Fusarium wilt, incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi (Fop), has always been a devastating disease that causes severe yield losses and economic damage in pea-growing regions worldwide. The utilization of pea cultivars carrying resistance gene is the most efficient approach for managing this disease. In order to finely map resistance gene, F2 populations were established through the cross between Shijiadacaiwan 1 (resistant) and Y4 (susceptible). The resistance genetic analysis indicated that the Fop resistance in Shijiadacaiwan 1 was governed by a single dominant gene, named FwS1. Based on the bulked segregant analysis sequencing analyses, the gene FwS1 was initially detected on chromosome 6 (i.e., linking group II, chr6LG2), and subsequent linkage mapping with 589 F2 individuals fine-mapped the gene FwS1 into a 91.4 kb region. The further functional annotation and haplotype analysis confirmed that the gene Psat6g003960, characterized by a NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) domain, was considered as the most promising candidate gene. The encoding amino acids were altered by a "T/C" single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first exon of the Psat6g003960, and based on this SNP locus, the molecular marker A016180 was determined to be a diagnostic marker for FwS1 by validating its specificity in both pea accessions and genetic populations with different genetic backgrounds. The FwS1 with diagnostic KASP marker A016180 could facilitate marker-assisted selection in resistance pea breeding in pea. In addition, a comparison of the candidate gene Psat6g003960 in 74SN3B and SJ1 revealed the same sequences. This finding indicated that 74SN3B carried the candidate gene for FwS1, suggesting that FwS1 and Fwf may be closely linked or an identical resistant gene against Fusarium wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Canxing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuehong Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao Y, Mo W, Li Y, Xiong Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Lin M, Zhang L, Li X. Functional characterization of NBS-LRR genes reveals an NBS-LRR gene that mediates resistance against Fusarium wilt. BMC Biol 2024; 22:45. [PMID: 38408951 PMCID: PMC10898138 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most disease resistance (R) genes in plants encode proteins that contain leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) and nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domains, which belong to the NBS-LRR family. The sequenced genomes of Fusarium wilt-susceptible Vernicia fordii and its resistant counterpart, Vernicia montana, offer significant resources for the functional characterization and discovery of novel NBS-LRR genes in tung tree. RESULTS Here, we identified 239 NBS-LRR genes across two tung tree genomes: 90 in V. fordii and 149 in V. montana. Five VmNBS-LRR paralogous were predicted in V. montana, and 43 orthologous were detected between V. fordii and V. montana. The orthologous gene pair Vf11G0978-Vm019719 exhibited distinct expression patterns in V. fordii and V. montana: Vf11G0978 showed downregulated expression in V. fordii, while its orthologous gene Vm019719 demonstrated upregulated expression in V. montana, indicating that this pair may be responsible for the resistance to Fusarium wilt in V. montana. Vm019719 from V. montana, activated by VmWRKY64, was shown to confer resistance to Fusarium wilt in V. montana by a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment. However, in the susceptible V. fordii, its allelic counterpart, Vf11G0978, exhibited an ineffective defense response, attributed to a deletion in the promoter's W-box element. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first systematic analysis of NBS-LRR genes in the tung tree and identifies a candidate gene that can be utilized for marker-assisted breeding to control Fusarium wilt in V. fordii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Wanzhen Mo
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yao Xiong
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengfei Lin
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330224, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miao W, Xiao X, Wang Y, Ge L, Yang Y, Liu Y, Liao Y, Guan Z, Chen S, Fang W, Chen F, Zhao S. CmWRKY6-1-CmWRKY15-like transcriptional cascade negatively regulates the resistance to fusarium oxysporum infection in Chrysanthemum morifolium. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad101. [PMID: 37577400 PMCID: PMC10419886 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne disease that causes serious economic losses to the chrysanthemum industry. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the response of chrysanthemum WRKY to Fusarium oxysporum infection remains largely unknown. In this study, we isolated CmWRKY6-1 from chrysanthemum 'Jinba' and identified it as a transcriptional repressor localized in the nucleus via subcellular localization and transcriptional activation assays. We found that CmWRKY6-1 negatively regulated resistance to F. oxysporum and affected reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (SA) pathways using transgenic experiments and transcriptomic analysis. Moreover, CmWRKY6-1 bound to the W-box element on the CmWRKY15-like promoter and inhibited its expression. Additionally, we observed that CmWRKY15-like silencing in chrysanthemum reduced its resistance to F. oxysporum via transgenic experiments. In conclusion, we revealed the mechanism underlying the CmWRKY6-1-CmWRKY15-like cascade response to F. oxysporum infection in chrysanthemum and demonstrated that CmWRKY6-1 and CmWRKY15-like regulates the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Miao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Yuean Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Lijiao Ge
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Yanrong Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Ye Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Weimin Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liao M, Ma Z, Kang Y, Zhang B, Gao X, Yu F, Yang P, Ke Y. ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 promotes hydrogen peroxide scavenging to enhance rice thermotolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023:kiad257. [PMID: 37099454 PMCID: PMC10400032 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress is a major factor limiting the production and geographic distribution of rice (Oryza sativa), and breeding rice varieties with tolerance to heat stress is of immense importance. Although extensive studies have revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in rice acclimation to heat stress, the molecular basis of rice controlling ROS homeostasis remains largely unclear. In this study, we discovered a novel heat stress-responsive strategy that orchestrates ROS homeostasis centering on an immune activator, rice ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (OsEDS1). OsEDS1, which confers heat stress tolerance, promotes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging by stimulating catalase activity through the OsEDS1-catalase association. The loss-of-function mutation in OsEDS1 causes increased sensitivity to heat stress, whereas overexpression of OsEDS1 enhances thermotolerance. Furthermore, overexpression lines greatly improved rice tolerance to heat stress during the reproductive stage, which was associated with substantially increased seed setting, grain weight, and plant yield. Rice CATALASE C (OsCATC), whose activity is promoted by OsEDS1, degrades H2O2 to activate rice heat stress tolerance. Our findings greatly expand our understanding of heat stress responses in rice. We reveal a molecular framework that promotes heat tolerance through ROS homeostasis regulation, suggesting a theoretical basis and providing genetic resources for breeding heat-tolerant rice varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zemin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuanrong Kang
- Department of plant pathology, university of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky, 40506, USA
| | - Biaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xuanlin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yinggen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lüdke D, Yan Q, Rohmann PFW, Wiermer M. NLR we there yet? Nucleocytoplasmic coordination of NLR-mediated immunity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:24-42. [PMID: 35794845 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) perceive the activity of pathogen-secreted effector molecules that, when undetected, promote colonisation of hosts. Signalling from activated NLRs converges with and potentiates downstream responses from activated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that sense microbial signatures at the cell surface. Efficient signalling of both receptor branches relies on the host cell nucleus as an integration point for transcriptional reprogramming, and on the macromolecular transport processes that mediate the communication between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Studies on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), the nucleoporin proteins (NUPs) that compose NPCs, and nuclear transport machinery constituents that control nucleocytoplasmic transport, have revealed that they play important roles in regulating plant immune responses. Here, we discuss the contributions of nucleoporins and nuclear transport receptor (NTR)-mediated signal transduction in plant immunity with an emphasis on NLR immune signalling across the nuclear compartment boundary and within the nucleus. We also highlight and discuss cytoplasmic and nuclear functions of NLRs and their signalling partners and further consider the potential implications of NLR activation and resistosome formation in both cellular compartments for mediating plant pathogen resistance and programmed host cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lüdke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Qiqi Yan
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Philipp F W Rohmann
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
- Biochemistry of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen P, Li Z, Zhang D, Shen W, Xie Y, Zhang J, Jiang L, Li X, Shen X, Geng D, Wang L, Niu C, Bao C, Yan M, Li H, Li C, Yan Y, Zou Y, Micheletti D, Koot E, Ma F, Guan Q. Insights into the effect of human civilization on Malus evolution and domestication. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2206-2220. [PMID: 34161653 PMCID: PMC8541786 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary history of the Malus genus has not been well studied. In the current study, we presented genetic evidence on the origin of the Malus genus based on genome sequencing of 297 Malus accessions, revealing the genetic relationship between wild species and cultivated apples. Our results demonstrated that North American and East Asian wild species are closer to the outgroup (pear) than Central Asian species, and hybrid species including natural (separated before the Pleistocene, about 2.5 Mya) and artificial hybrids (including ornamental trees and rootstocks) are between East and Central Asian wild species. Introgressions from M. sylvestris in cultivated apples appeared to be more extensive than those from M. sieversii, whose genetic background flowed westward across Eurasia and eastward to wild species including M. prunifolia, M. × asiatica, M. × micromalus, and M. × robust. Our results suggested that the loss of ancestral gene flow from M. sieversii in cultivated apples accompanied the movement of European traders around the world since the Age of Discovery. Natural SNP variations showed that cultivated apples had higher nucleotide diversity than wild species and more unique SNPs than other apple groups. An apple ERECTA-like gene that underwent selection during domestication on 15th chromosome was identified as a likely major determinant of fruit length and diameter, and an NB-ARC domain-containing gene was found to strongly affect anthocyanin accumulation using a genome-wide association approach. Our results provide new insights into the origin and domestication of apples and will be useful in new breeding programmes and efforts to increase fruit crop productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Dehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Wenyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yinpeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiaoxia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Dali Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chundong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chana Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Mingjia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Haiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yangjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | | | - Emily Koot
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Transcription Factor Pso9TF Assists Xinjiang Wild Myrobalan Plum ( Prunus sogdiana) PsoRPM3 Disease Resistance Protein to Resist Meloidogyne incognita. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081561. [PMID: 34451606 PMCID: PMC8402125 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) causes huge economic losses in the agricultural industry throughout the world. Control methods against these polyphagous plant endoparasites are sparse, the preferred one being the deployment of plant cultivars or rootstocks bearing resistance genes against Meloidogyne species. Our previous study has cloned one resistance gene, PsoRPM3, from Xinjiang wild myrobalan plum (Prunus sogdiana). However, the function of PsoRPM3 remains elusive. In the present study, we have investigated the regulatory mechanism of PsoRPM3 in plant defense responses to M. incognita. Our results indicate that fewer giant cells were detected in the roots of the PsoRPM3 transgenic tobacco than wild tobacco lines after incubation with M. incognita. Transient transformations of full-length and TN structural domains of PsoRPM3 have induced significant hypersensitive responses (HR), suggesting that TIR domain might be the one which caused HR. Further, yeast two-hybrid results revealed that the full-length and LRR domain of PsoRPM3 could interact with the transcription factor Pso9TF. The addition of Pso9TF increased the ROS levels and induced HR. Thus, our data revealed that the LRR structural domain of PsoRPM3 may be associated with signal transduction. Moreover, we did not find any relative inductions of defense-related genes PsoEDS1, PsoPAD4 and PsoSAG101 in P. sogdiana, which has been incubated with M. incognita. In summary, our work has shown the key functional domain of PsoRPM3 in the regulation of defense responses to M. incognita in P. sogdiana.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 Are Positive Modulators in the Cucumis sativus Defense Response to Sphaerotheca fuliginea. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083986. [PMID: 33924330 PMCID: PMC8069588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucumber powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea is a leaf disease that seriously affects cucumber's yield and quality. This study aimed to report two nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeats (NBS-LRR) genes CsRSF1 and CsRSF2, which participated in regulating the resistance of cucumber to S. fuliginea. The subcellular localization showed that the CsRSF1 protein was localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane, while the CsRSF2 protein was localized in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. In addition, the transcript levels of CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 were different between resistant and susceptible cultivars after treatment with exogenous substances, such as abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), ethephon (ETH), gibberellin (GA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The expression analysis showed that the transcript levels of CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 were correlated with plant defense response against S. fuliginea. Moreover, the silencing of CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 impaired host resistance to S. fuliginea, but CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 overexpression improved resistance to S. fuliginea in cucumber. These results showed that CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 genes positively contributed to the resistance of cucumber to S. fuliginea. At the same time, CsRSF1 and CsRSF2 genes could also regulate the expression of defense-related genes. The findings of this study might help enhance the resistance of cucumber to S. fuliginea.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chakraborty J, Ghosh P. Advancement of research on plant NLRs evolution, biochemical activity, structural association, and engineering. PLANTA 2020; 252:101. [PMID: 33180185 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we have included evolution of plant intracellular immune receptors, oligomeric complex formation, enzymatic action, engineering, and mechanisms of immune inspection for appropriate defense outcomes. NLR (Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing leucine-rich repeat) proteins are the intracellular immune receptors that recognize pathogen-derived virulence factors to confer effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Activation of plant defense by the NLRs are often conveyed through N-terminal Toll-like/ IL-1 receptor (TIR) or non-TIR (coiled-coils or CC) domains. Homodimerization or self-association property of CC/ TIR domains of plant NLRs contribute to their auto-activity and induction of in planta ectopic cell death. High resolution crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana RPS4TIR, L6TIR, SNC1TIR, RPP1TIR and Muscadinia rotundifolia RPV1TIR showed that interaction is mediated through one or two distinct interfaces i.e., αA and αE helices comprise AE interface and αD and αE helices were found to form DE interface. By contrast, conserved helical regions were determined for CC domains of plant NLRs. Evolutionary history of NLRs diversification has shown that paired forms were originated from NLR singletons. Plant TIRs executed NAD+ hydrolysis activity for cell death promotion. Plant NLRs were found to form large oligomeric complexes as observed in animal inflammasomes. We have also discussed different protein engineering methods includes domain shuffling, and decoy modification that increase effector recognition spectrum of plant NLRs. In summary, our review highlights structural basis of perception of the virulence factors by NLRs or NLR pairs to design novel classes of plant immune receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prithwi Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur, 721211, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chakraborty J, Sen S, Ghosh P, Jain A, Das S. Inhibition of multiple defense responsive pathways by CaWRKY70 transcription factor promotes susceptibility in chickpea under Fusarium oxysporum stress condition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:319. [PMID: 32631232 PMCID: PMC7336453 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suppression and activation of plant defense genes is comprehensively regulated by WRKY family transcription factors. Chickpea, the non-model crop legume suffers from wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri Race1 (Foc1), defense response mechanisms of which are poorly understood. Here, we attempted to show interaction between WRKY70 and several downstream signaling components involved in susceptibility/resistance response in chickpea upon challenge with Foc1. RESULTS In the present study, we found Cicer arietinum L. WRKY70 (CaWRKY70) negatively governs multiple defense responsive pathways, including Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) activation in chickpea upon Foc1 infection. CaWRKY70 is found to be significantly accumulated at shoot tissues of susceptible (JG62) chickpea under Foc1 stress and salicylic acid (SA) application. CaWRKY70 overexpression promotes susceptibility in resistant chickpea (WR315) plants to Foc1 infection. Transgenic plants upon Foc1 inoculation demonstrated suppression of not only endogenous SA concentrations but expression of genes involved in SA signaling. CaWRKY70 overexpressing chickpea roots exhibited higher ion-leakage and Foc1 biomass accumulation compared to control transgenic (VC) plants. CaWRKY70 overexpression suppresses H2O2 production and resultant reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced cell death in Foc1 infected chickpea roots, stem and leaves. Being the nuclear targeted protein, CaWRKY70 suppresses CaMPK9-CaWRKY40 signaling in chickpea through its direct and indirect negative regulatory activities. Protein-protein interaction study revealed CaWRKY70 and CaRPP2-like CC-NB-ARC-LRR protein suppresses hyper-immune signaling in chickpea. Together, our study provides novel insights into mechanisms of suppression of the multiple defense signaling components in chickpea by CaWRKY70 under Foc1 stress. CONCLUSION CaWRKY70 mediated defense suppression unveils networking between several immune signaling events negatively affecting downstream resistance mechanisms in chickpea under Foc1 stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Chakraborty
- Present Address: Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, CIT Scheme-VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| | - Senjuti Sen
- Present Address: Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, CIT Scheme-VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| | - Prithwi Ghosh
- Present Address: Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, CIT Scheme-VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
- Present Address: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Akansha Jain
- Present Address: Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, CIT Scheme-VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| | - Sampa Das
- Present Address: Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, CIT Scheme-VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054 India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Y, Zhu YX, Balint-Kurti PJ, Wang GF. Fine-Tuning Immunity: Players and Regulators for Plant NLRs. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:695-713. [PMID: 32526174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated innate immune system to defend against pathogen infection, and intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR or NB-LRR) immune receptors are one of the main components of this system. NLR activity is fine-tuned by intra- and intermolecular interactions. We survey what is known about the conservation and diversity of NLR-interacting proteins, and divide them into seven major categories. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which NLR activities are regulated and how understanding this regulation has potential to facilitate the engineering of NLRs for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Yu-Xiu Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Peter J Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Guan-Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ke Y, Kang Y, Wu M, Liu H, Hui S, Zhang Q, Li X, Xiao J, Wang S. Jasmonic Acid-Involved OsEDS1 Signaling in Rice-Bacteria Interactions. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:25. [PMID: 30989404 PMCID: PMC6465387 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of Arabidopsis enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (AtEDS1) and its sequence homologs in other dicots have been extensively studied. However, it is unknown whether rice EDS1 homolog (OsEDS1) plays a role in regulating the rice-pathogen interaction. RESULTS In this study, a OsEDS1-knouckout mutant (oseds1) was characterized and shown to have increased susceptibility to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), suggesting the positive role of OsEDS1 in regulating rice disease resistance. However, the following evidence suggests that OsEDS1 shares some differences with AtEDS1 in its way to regulate the host-pathogen interactions. Firstly, OsEDS1 modulates the rice-bacteria interactions involving in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway, while AtEDS1 regulates Arabidopsis disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens depending on salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. Secondly, introducing AtEDS1 could reduce oseds1 mutant susceptibility to Xoo rather than to Xoc. Thirdly, exogenous application of JA and SA cannot complement the susceptible phenotype of the oseds1 mutant, while exogenous application of SA is capable of complementing the susceptible phenotype of the ateds1 mutant. Finally, OsEDS1 is not required for R gene mediated resistance, while AtEDS1 is required for disease resistance mediated by TIR-NB-LRR class of R proteins. CONCLUSION OsEDS1 is a positive regulator in rice-pathogen interactions, and shares both similarities and differences with AtEDS1 in its way to regulate plant-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinggen Ke
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanrong Kang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mengxiao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shugang Hui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|