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Singh V, Gupta K, Singh S, Jain M, Garg R. Unravelling the molecular mechanism underlying drought stress response in chickpea via integrated multi-omics analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156606. [PMID: 37287713 PMCID: PMC10242046 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress affects growth and productivity significantly in chickpea. An integrated multi-omics analysis can provide a better molecular-level understanding of drought stress tolerance. In the present study, comparative transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analyses of two chickpea genotypes with contrasting responses to drought stress, ICC 4958 (drought-tolerant, DT) and ICC 1882 (drought-sensitive, DS), was performed to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response/tolerance. Pathway enrichment analysis of differentially abundant transcripts and proteins suggested the involvement of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, galactose metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism in the DT genotype. An integrated multi-omics analysis of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome data revealed co-expressed genes, proteins and metabolites involved in phosphatidylinositol signaling, glutathione metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways, specifically in the DT genotype under drought. These stress-responsive pathways were coordinately regulated by the differentially abundant transcripts, proteins and metabolites to circumvent the drought stress response/tolerance in the DT genotype. The QTL-hotspot associated genes, proteins and transcription factors may further contribute to improved drought tolerance in the DT genotype. Altogether, the multi-omics approach provided an in-depth understanding of stress-responsive pathways and candidate genes involved in drought tolerance in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushboo Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhangi Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Jain
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohini Garg
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Carrascosa A, Pascual JA, Ros M, Petropoulos SA, Alguacil MDM. Agronomical Practices and Management for Commercial Cultivation of Portulaca oleracea as a Crop: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1246. [PMID: 36986934 PMCID: PMC10058561 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil is an essential resource, and its degradation is challenging modern agriculture, while its impact is expected to increase in the near future. One of the strategies to address this issue is to incorporate new alternative crops able to tolerate arduous conditions, as well as for the use of sustainable agricultural practices in order to recover and/or improve soil health. Additionally, the increasing market for new functional/healthy natural foods promotes the search for potential alternative crop species with promising bioactive compounds content. For this purpose, wild edible plants are a key option because they have already been consumed for hundreds of years in traditional gastronomy and there is well-established evidence of their health-promoting effects. Moreover, since they are not a cultivated species, they are able to grow under natural conditions without human intervention. Among them, common purslane is an interesting wild edible species and a good candidate for integration in commercial farming systems. With worldwide spread, it is able to tolerate drought, salinity and heat stress and is already used in traditional dishes, while it is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value due to its bioactive compound content, especially omega-3 fatty acids. In this review, we aim to present the breeding and cultivation practices of purslane, as well as the effects of abiotic stressors on yield and chemical composition of the edible parts. Finally, we present information that helps to optimize purslane cultivation and facilitate its management in degraded soils for their exploitation in the existing farming systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Carrascosa
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Pascual
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Margarita Ros
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Maria del Mar Alguacil
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Perez‐Arcoiza A, Luisa Hernández M, Dolores Sicardo M, Hernandez‐Santana V, Diaz‐Espejo A, Martinez‐Rivas JM. Carbon supply and water status regulate fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis at transcriptional level in the olive mesocarp. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2366-2380. [PMID: 35538021 PMCID: PMC9545970 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The relative contribution of carbon sources generated from leaves and fruits photosynthesis for triacylglycerol biosynthesis in the olive mesocarp and their interaction with water stress was investigated. With this aim, altered carbon source treatments were combined with different irrigation conditions. A higher decrease in mesocarp oil content was observed in fruits under girdled and defoliated shoot treatment compared to darkened fruit conditions, indicating that both leaf and fruit photosynthesis participate in carbon supply for oil biosynthesis being leaves the main source. The carbon supply and water status affected oil synthesis in the mesocarp, regulating the expression of DGAT and PDAT genes and implicating DGAT1-1, DGAT2, PDAT1-1, and PDAT1-2 as the principal genes responsible for triacylglycerol biosynthesis. A major role was indicated for DGAT2 and PDAT1-2 in well-watered conditions. Moreover, polyunsaturated fatty acid content together with FAD2-1, FAD2-2 and FAD7-1 expression levels were augmented in response to modified carbon supply in the olive mesocarp. Furthermore, water stress caused an increase in DGAT1-1, DGAT1-2, PDAT1-1, and FAD2-5 gene transcript levels. Overall, these data indicate that oil content and fatty acid composition in olive fruit mesocarp are regulated by carbon supply and water status, affecting the transcription of key genes in both metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Perez‐Arcoiza
- Irrigation and Crop Ecophysiology Group, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS, CSIC)SevilleSpain
| | - M. Luisa Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant ProductsInstituto de la Grasa (IG‐CSIC)SevilleSpain
- Present address:
Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Plant Biochemistry and PhotosynthesisUniversity of Seville‐CSICSevilleSpain
| | - M. Dolores Sicardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant ProductsInstituto de la Grasa (IG‐CSIC)SevilleSpain
| | - Virginia Hernandez‐Santana
- Irrigation and Crop Ecophysiology Group, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS, CSIC)SevilleSpain
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular EcophysiologyInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS, CSIC)SevilleSpain
| | - Antonio Diaz‐Espejo
- Irrigation and Crop Ecophysiology Group, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS, CSIC)SevilleSpain
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular EcophysiologyInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS, CSIC)SevilleSpain
| | - José M. Martinez‐Rivas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant ProductsInstituto de la Grasa (IG‐CSIC)SevilleSpain
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Kumar A, Sreedharan S, Singh P, Achigan-Dako EG, Ramchiary N. Improvement of a Traditional Orphan Food Crop, Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane) Using Genomics for Sustainable Food Security and Climate-Resilient Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.711820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is a popular orphan crop used for its nutritional properties in various parts of the world. It is considered one of the richest terrestrial sources of omega-3 and omega-6-fatty acids (ω-3 and 6-FAs) suggesting its importance for human health. This ethnomedicinal plant is also an important part of traditional healing systems among the indigenous people. Many studies have indicated its tolerance against multiple stresses and found that it easily grows in a range of environmental gradients. It has also been considered one of the important biosaline crops for the future. Despite its huge nutritional, economic, and medicinal importance, it remains neglected to date. Most of the studies on purslane were focused on its ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological, and stress-tolerance properties. Only a few studies have attempted genetic dissection of the traits governing these traits. Purslane being an important traditional food crop across the globe can be valorized for a sustainable food security in the future. Therefore, this review is an attempt to highlight the distribution, domestication, and cultivation of purslane and its importance as an important stress-tolerant food and a biosaline crop. Furthermore, identification of genes and their functions governing important traits and its potential for improvement using genomics tools for smart and biosaline agriculture has been discussed.
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Luisa Hernández M, Dolores Sicardo M, Arjona PM, Martínez-Rivas JM. Specialized Functions of Olive FAD2 Gene Family Members Related to Fruit Development and the Abiotic Stress Response. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:427-441. [PMID: 31730170 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Three different cDNA sequences, designated OepFAD2-3, OepFAD2-4 and OepFAD2-5, encoding three microsomal oleate desaturases (FAD2) have been isolated from olive (Olea europaea cv. Picual). Sequence analysis and functional expression in yeast of the corresponding cDNAs confirm that they encode microsomal oleate desaturases. Gene expression and lipid analysis indicate that these three genes are not involved in the linoleic acid present in seed lipids, while OeFAD2-5, together with OeFAD2-2, contributes mostly to the linoleic acid present in the mesocarp and, therefore, in the olive oil. Our results have also shown that olive FAD2-3, FAD2-4 and FAD2-5 gene expression is not only spatially and temporally regulated in olive fruit, but also is cultivar-dependent, as well as regulated by water regime, temperature, light and wounding. All these data suggest specialized physiological roles for the olive FAD2 gene family members with respect to both aspects of the biosynthesis of the linoleic acid, either present in storage lipids that constitute the olive oil or being part of membrane lipids, which are involved in the response to abiotic stresses, and highlight the differences on FAD2 gene regulation between oilseeds and oil fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, Ctra. Utrera Km.1, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - M Dolores Sicardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, Ctra. Utrera Km.1, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Patricia M Arjona
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, Ctra. Utrera Km.1, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - José M Martínez-Rivas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, Ctra. Utrera Km.1, Sevilla 41013, Spain
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Gul A, Ahad A, Akhtar S, Ahmad Z, Rashid B, Husnain T. Microarray: gateway to unravel the mystery of abiotic stresses in plants. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 38:527-43. [PMID: 26667130 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-2010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperature, ozone poisoning, metal toxicity etc., significantly affect crops. To study these factors and to design a possible remedy, biological experimental data concerning these crops requires the quantification of gene expression and comparative analyses at high throughput level. Development of microarrays is the platform to study the differential expression profiling of the targeted genes. This technology can be applied to gene expression studies, ranging from individual genes to whole genome level. It is now possible to perform the quantification of the differential expression of genes on a glass slide in a single experiment. This review documents recently published reports on the use of microarrays for the identification of genes in different plant species playing their role in different cellular networks under abiotic stresses. The regulation pattern of differentially-expressed genes, individually or in group form, may help us to study different pathways and functions at the cellular and molecular level. These studies can provide us with a lot of useful information to unravel the mystery of abiotic stresses in important crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Gul
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Ahad
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Akhtar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rashid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, 87 W Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
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