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Wu F, Chen Z, Xu X, Xue X, Zhang Y, Sui N. Halotolerant Bacillus sp. strain RA coordinates myo-inositol metabolism to confer salt tolerance to tomato. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38967265 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a worldwide problem threatening crop yields. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could survive in high salt environment and assist plant adaptation to stress. Nevertheless, the genomic and metabolic features, as well as the regulatory mechanisms promoting salt tolerance in plants by these bacteria remain largely unknown. In the current work, a novel halotolerant PGPR strain, namely, Bacillus sp. strain RA can enhance tomato tolerance to salt stress. Comparative genomic analysis of strain RA with its closely related species indicated a high level of evolutionary plasticity exhibited by strain-specific genes and evolutionary constraints driven by purifying selection, which facilitated its genomic adaptation to salt-affected soils. The transcriptome further showed that strain RA could tolerate salt stress by balancing energy metabolism via the reprogramming of biosynthetic pathways. Plants exude a plethora of metabolites that can strongly influence plant fitness. The accumulation of myo-inositol in leaves under salt stress was observed, leading to the promotion of plant growth triggered by Bacillus sp. strain RA. Importantly, myo-inositol serves as a selective force in the assembly of the phyllosphere microbiome and the recruitment of plant-beneficial species. It promotes destabilizing properties in phyllosphere bacterial co-occurrence networks, but not in fungal networks. Furthermore, interdomain interactions between bacteria and fungi were strengthened by myo-inositol in response to salt stress. This work highlights the genetic adaptation of RA to salt-affected soils and its ability to impact phyllosphere microorganisms through the adjustment of myo-inositol metabolites, thereby imparting enduring resistance against salt stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zengting Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Dongying Key Laboratory of Salt Tolerance Mechanism and Application of Halophytes, Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, No. 2 Kangyang Road, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Dongying Key Laboratory of Salt Tolerance Mechanism and Application of Halophytes, Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, No. 2 Kangyang Road, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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Zulfiqar U, Jiang W, Xiukang W, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Maqsood MF, Ali N, Ishfaq M, Kaleem M, Haider FU, Farooq N, Naveed M, Kucerik J, Brtnicky M, Mustafa A. Cadmium Phytotoxicity, Tolerance, and Advanced Remediation Approaches in Agricultural Soils; A Comprehensive Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:773815. [PMID: 35371142 PMCID: PMC8965506 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.773815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental contaminant due to its widespread industrial use. Cd contamination of soil and water is rather classical but has emerged as a recent problem. Cd toxicity causes a range of damages to plants ranging from germination to yield suppression. Plant physiological functions, i.e., water interactions, essential mineral uptake, and photosynthesis, are also harmed by Cd. Plants have also shown metabolic changes because of Cd exposure either as direct impact on enzymes or other metabolites, or because of its propensity to produce reactive oxygen species, which can induce oxidative stress. In recent years, there has been increased interest in the potential of plants with ability to accumulate or stabilize Cd compounds for bioremediation of Cd pollution. Here, we critically review the chemistry of Cd and its dynamics in soil and the rhizosphere, toxic effects on plant growth, and yield formation. To conserve the environment and resources, chemical/biological remediation processes for Cd and their efficacy have been summarized in this review. Modulation of plant growth regulators such as cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, auxins, abscisic acid, polyamines, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and nitric oxide has been highlighted. Development of plant genotypes with restricted Cd uptake and reduced accumulation in edible portions by conventional and marker-assisted breeding are also presented. In this regard, use of molecular techniques including identification of QTLs, CRISPR/Cas9, and functional genomics to enhance the adverse impacts of Cd in plants may be quite helpful. The review's results should aid in the development of novel and suitable solutions for limiting Cd bioavailability and toxicity, as well as the long-term management of Cd-polluted soils, therefore reducing environmental and human health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wenting Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Wang Xiukang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Nauman Ali
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Naila Farooq
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jiri Kucerik
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Wang S, He T, Xu F, Li X, Yuan L, Wang Q, Liu H. Analysis of physiological and metabolite response of Celosia argentea to copper stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:391-399. [PMID: 32722892 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper-tolerant (Cu) plants with high ornamental value play an important role in the ecological restoration of the copper tail mining area. We first discovered Celosia argentea adaptability in a copper mine area in China; however, its resistance to Cu and the underlying mechanism are not clear. In this study, C. argentea was selected for pot culture experiments. Its heavy metal accumulation and translocation, physiological and metabolic products were analysed under different growth concentrations of Cu (0-2400 mg.kg-1 ) stress. Our results indicated that roots strongly accumulated Cu2+ . Oxidative stress defence mechanisms were activated in leaves under Cu treatment. Higher Cu concentrations triggered higher electrolyte leakage (EL), Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity, and consequently a higher capacity to scavenge oxygen radicals and maintain cellular membrane integrity. In the citrate cycle, some amino acids and sugars related to biological pathways were altered in C. argentea exposed to Cu stress. Metabolomics data revealed that C. argentea used elevated sugar content as an antioxidant to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some organic acids and amino acids were up-regulated compared with the control, indicating that these may chelate Cu in cells to remove excess Cu2+ . The up-regulation of polyamines and some organic acids may mitigate oxidative stress. These results indicate that C. argentea could be used as a Cu-tolerant plant in Cu mine restoration. Its Cu tolerance mechanism also provides a basis for future plant improvement or breeding for use in mine restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - T He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Xu
- Collage of Life Sciences, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, China
| | - X Li
- The Institute of Advanced Studies in Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - L Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Q Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - H Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
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Pehlivan N, Gedik K, Eltem R, Terzi E. Dynamic interactions of Trichoderma harzianum TS 143 from an old mining site in Turkey for potent metal(oid)s phytoextraction and bioenergy crop farming. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123609. [PMID: 32798794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite high pollution risk, the termination of mining practices is not in question in the current era in line with the growing needs of beings. Instead, the rehabilitation by phytoremediation restores the economic and aesthetic values of the damaged locale. Here, potentially toxic elements (PTEs) tolerant 29 Trichoderma isolates from mining sites located foothills of Turkey`s NE Black Sea coast were isolated. The highest tolerant strain (As 1400 mg L-1, Cd 1200 mg L-1, Cu 2000 mg L-1, Pb 2100 mg L-1, Zn 3000 mg L-1) was characterized with translation elongation factor1 alpha (tef-1α) barcode and deposited in the GenBank. The PTEs removal strength of novel Trichoderma harzianum TS143 was highest for Pb (58%) and the lowest for As (8.5%) in the order of Pb > Cd > Cu > Zn > As. While bioleaching capacity was highest in Cd with 30%, the lowest was for As (8%). TS143 was found remarkably effective on all the physicochemical parameters in the shoot and root tissues of maize. The increase in the carbohydrate content (33.50%) proves the potential usage of the contaminated maize plants in bioenergy production. Core sustainable agents with their mesh type robust hyphal structure enfolding PTEs such as TS143 contribute to the phytoremediation technology along with potential plant biomass management for the biodiesel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necla Pehlivan
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Biology Department, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Kenan Gedik
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Rengin Eltem
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu, Turkey.
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Variation and succession of microbial communities under the conditions of persistent heavy metal and their survival mechanism. Microb Pathog 2021; 150:104713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Evaluation of Metal Tolerance of Fungal Strains Isolated from Contaminated Mining Soil of Nanjing, China. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120469. [PMID: 33333787 PMCID: PMC7765179 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, cadmium, chromium, and lead tolerant microbes have been isolated from contaminated mining soil and characterized. Molecular characterization of isolated fungi was performed and amplified sequences were deposited in the GenBank NCBI database. Metal tolerance of the various strains has been determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the tolerance indexes of all the tested strains against Cd, Cr, and Pb. Bioaccumulation capacities of Trichoderma harzianum and Komagataella phaffi have also been assessed. These findings helped us find a novel strain of Komagataella phaffi and suggested it to be the potential mycoremediation microbe to alleviate the contamination of Cd, Cr, and Pb. Future studies of this fungal strain can help us to understand its resistance mechanism against other heavy metals, too. Abstract Rapidly increasing industry has resulted in greater discharge of hazardous chemicals in the soil. In the current study, soil samples were collected from Nanjing mine (32°09′19.29″ N 118°56′57.04″ E) and subjected to heavy metal analysis and microbe isolation. A total of 460 fungi were isolated, and five of these were yeast strains. Most of the strains exhibited tolerance to one metal. Five multimetal tolerant strains were selected and identified as Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Komagataella phaffii, Trichoderma harzianum, and Aspergillus niger. Isolated strains were grown in high concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb), for induced-tolerance training. The tolerance index (TI) revealed the highest Cd tolerance of novel K. phaffii strain at 5500 ppm (TI: 0.2). K. phaffii also displayed resistance at 4000 ppm against Cr (TI: 0.32) and Pb (TI: 0.32). In contrast, tolerance training for A. niger was not that successful. K. phaffii also displayed the highest bioaccumulation capacity for Cd (25.23 mg/g), Cu (21.63 mg/g), and Pb (20.63 mg/g) at 200 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) explored the morphological changes in the mycelia of stressed fungi. Results of this study describe this delicate approach to be species and metal dependent and suggest a potential utilization of this fungal strain for the bioremediation of contaminated soils.
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Wei X, Cao P, Wang G, Han J. Microbial inoculant and garbage enzyme reduced cadmium (Cd) uptake in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Bge.) under Cd stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110311. [PMID: 32061988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The uptake and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Bge.) negatively affects the quality of its harvested roots, and seriously threatens human health. This study investigates the effect of a microbial inoculant (MI) and garbage enzyme (GE) on Cd uptake, the accumulation of bioactive compounds, and the community composition of microbes in the rhizosphere soil of S. miltiorrhiza under Cd stress. S. miltiorrhiza seedlings were transplanted to Cd-contaminated pots and irrigated with an MI, GE, a combination of an MI and GE (MIGE) or water (control). The results indicated that treatments with an MI, GE or MIGE can reduce Cd uptake in S. miltiorrhiza. The MIGE treatment had greater efficiency in reducing Cd uptake than the control (reduction by 37.90%), followed by the GE (25.31%) and MI (5.84%) treatments. Treatments with an MI, GE and MIGE had no significant impact on fresh and dry root biomass. Relative to the control, the MI treatment had the highest efficiency in increasing the accumulation of total tanshinones (an increase of 40.45%), followed by the GE treatment (40.08%), with the MIGE treatment (9.90%) treatment not having a more favorable effect than the separate application of an MI or GE. The salvianolic acid content for all groups was higher than the standard prescribed by Chinese pharmacopoeia, notwithstanding a slightly lower level in the treated groups relative to the control. In addition, metagenomic analysis indicated changes in the relative abundance of soil microbes associated with the bioremediation of heavy metals. The relative abundances of Brevundimonas, Microbacterium, Cupriavidus and Aspergillus were significantly greater in the treated groups than in the Control. These results suggest that using MI and GE, either separately or together, may not only improve the quality of S. miltiorrhiza but may also facilitate the microbial remediation of soil contaminated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pei Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Zhang Y, Ji H. Physiological responses and accumulation characteristics of turfgrasses exposed to potentially toxic elements. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 246:796-807. [PMID: 31228693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tolerance and enrichment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in plants are the most important basis of phytoremediation technology for mining area soils. The aim of this research was to study PTEs tolerance, translocation and accumulation differences in three turfgrass species and the biochemical changes of plants and soils. Three turfgrass species were cultured on soils contaminated by single and compound PTEs. Pb, Zn, Cd and As concentrations and biochemical indicators in plant (root and shoot) and soil were determined. Moreover, the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil were analyzed. The studied plants showed strong tolerance and high enrichment ability to Pb, Zn, Cd and As in soil under different PTE concentration gradient stress. Festuca arundinacea had the strongest tolerance to PTEs, whereas Medicago sativa L. had the best tolerance to PTEs. Among all the measured growth or biochemical indicators, the relative growth rate and enzymatic activity of Orychophragmus violaceus were most sensitive to stress. The bioconcentration and translocation factors of Medicago sativa L. for Cd were 1.60 and 1.17, respectively, indicating that it was the most suitable plant for extracting Cd. Compared with other plants, Festuca arundinacea had the most significant effect on soil environment improvement, increasing the soil enzyme activities and microbial community after phytoremediation. This study indicates that Medicago sativa L. can be a potential phytoextraction plant to remove Cd, whereas Festuca arundinacea is more suitable as a cover plant to prevent the dispersion of contaminants in polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollution, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollution, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS, College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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The Effects of Different Lead Pollution Levels on Soil Microbial Quantities and Metabolic Function with/without Salix integra Thunb. Planting. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Salix integra Thunb., a fast-growing woody species, has been used in phytoremediation in recent years. It has the potential to accumulate high amounts of lead (Pb) in its growth, however, its effects on soil microbial community structure and function during its phytoextraction processes are not well understood, especially at different pollution levels. Materials and Methods: In our study, we set unplanted and planted Salix integra in areas with four levels of Pb treatments (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg). After six months of planting, the rhizospheric soil, bulk soil, and unplanted soil were collected. Soil properties and microbes participating in nitrogen and phosphorus cycling were measured, following standard methods. Microbial metabolic functions were assessed using a Biolog-ECO microplate. Results: The bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and nitrosobacteria) all increased in the 500 mg/kg treatment and decreased in the 1500 mg/kg treatment compared with the 0 mg/kg treatment, especially in rhizospheric soil. The microbial metabolisms decreased along with the increase of Pb levels, with the exception of the rhizospheric soil with a 500 mg/kg treatment. The metabolic patterns were relative to the pollution levels. The utilization of carbohydrates was decreased, and of amino acids or fatty acids was increased, in the 500 mg/kg treatment, while the opposite occurred in the 1500 mg/kg treatment. The values of soil properties, microbial quantities, and metabolic activities were higher in rhizospheric than bulk soil, while the differences between bulk and unplanted soil were different among the different Pb treatments. The soil properties had little effect on the microbial quantities and metabolic activities. Conclusions: S. integra planting and Pb levels had an interactive effect on the microbial community. In general, S. integra planting promoted microbial quantities and metabolic activity in rhizospheric soil. Lower Pb pollution increased microbial quantities and promoted the utilization of amino acids or fatty acids, while higher Pb concentrations decreased microbial quantities and metabolic activities, and promoted the utilization of carbohydrates.
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Kováčik J, Dresler S, Micalizzi G, Babula P, Hladký J, Mondello L. Nitric oxide affects cadmium-induced changes in the lichen Ramalina farinacea. Nitric Oxide 2018; 83:11-18. [PMID: 30529156 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic responses of epiphytic lichen Ramalina farinacea to cadmium (Cd) and/or nitric oxide (NO) scavenger (cPTIO) were studied. Accumulation of Cd and other metallic nutrients was not affected by cPTIO while total and absorbed amounts differed. Cd-induced NO formation was suppressed by cPTIO but ROS signal was synergistically enhanced, confirming that NO is essential to keep ROS under control. This excessive ROS generation could be a reason for depleted amount of all fatty acids, including SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs. Total content of fatty acids reached 3.89 mg/g DW in control with linoleic (40%), palmitic (24%), oleic (12.8%) and stearic (8%) acids as major compounds: interestingly, shift in relative ratio of saturated (from 40 to 35% of total FAs) versus polyunsaturated fatty acids (from 42 to 48% of total FAs) was observed. Glutathione was suppressed by all treatments but Krebs acids were almost unaffected by cPTIO, indicating no regulatory role of NO in their accumulation. On the contrary, Cd-induced elevation in NO signal was related to increase in ascorbate and proline content while cPTIO suppressed it, indicating a tight relation between NO and these metabolites. Data are compared also with algae and vascular plants to show similarities between various life lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Kováčik
- Department of Biology, University of Trnava, Priemyselná 4, 918 43, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Sławomir Dresler
- Department of Plant Physiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Giuseppe Micalizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Hladký
- Faculty of Education, University of Trnava, Priemyselná 4, 918 43, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy; Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
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Zhang X, Li X, Yang H, Cui Z. Biochemical mechanism of phytoremediation process of lead and cadmium pollution with Mucor circinelloides and Trichoderma asperellum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:21-28. [PMID: 29605641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the bioremediation mechanisms of lead (0, 100, 500, 1000 mg kg-1) and cadmium (0,10,50,100 mg kg-1) contaminated soil using two indigenous fungi selected from mine tailings as the phytostimulation of Arabidopsis thaliana. The two fungal strains were characterized as Mucor circinelloides (MC) and Trichoderma asperellum (TA) by internal transcribed spacer sequencing at the genetic levels. Our research revealed that Cadmium was more toxic to plant growth than lead and meanwhile, MC and TA can strengthen A. thaliana tolerance to cadmium and lead with 40.19-117.50% higher root length and 58.31-154.14% shoot fresh weight of plant compared to non-inoculation. In this study, TA exhibited a higher potential to the inactivation of cadmium; however, MC was more effective in lead passivation. There was a direct correlation between the type of fungi, heavy metal content, heavy metal type and oxidative damage in plant. Both lead and cadmium induced oxidative damage as indicated by increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, while the antioxidant levels were significantly higher in fungal inoculated plants compared with those non-inoculated. The analysis of soil enzyme activity and taxonomic richness uncovered that the dominant structures of soil microbial community were altered by exogenous microbial agents. MC enhanced higher microbial diversity and soil enzyme activity than TA. The two indigenous fungi lessened several limiting factors with respect to phytoremediation technology, such as soil chemistry, contamination level and transformation, and metal solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
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