1
|
Hou J, Wu Y, Lei L, Wang Y, Ling Q, Zhang J, Zhao J, Jin Z, Zhang H. Identification and functional analysis of a deduced geraniol synthase from Camphora officinarum. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:867-876. [PMID: 38974359 PMCID: PMC11222368 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The market demand for essential oil containing citral is increasing. Our research group identified a rare chemotype of Camphora officinarum whose leaves are high in citral content by examining over 1000 wild trees across the entire native distribution area of C. officinarum in China. Because C. officinarum is suitable for large-scale cultivation, it is therefore seen as a promising source of natural citral. However, the molecular mechanism of citral biosynthesis in C. officinarum is poorly understood. In this study, transcriptomic analyses of C. officinarum with different citral contents revealed a strong positive correlation between the expression of a putative geraniol synthase gene (CoGES) and citral content. The CoGES cDNA was cloned, and the CoGES protein shared high similarity with other monoterpene synthases. Enzymatic assays of CoGES with geranyl diphosphate (GPP) as substrate yielded geraniol as the single product, which is the precursor of citral. Further transient expression of CoGES in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in a higher relative content of geranial and the appearance of a new substance, neral. These findings indicate that CoGES is a geraniol synthase-encoding gene, and the encoded protein can catalyze the transformation of GPP into geraniol, which is further converted into geranial and neral through an unknown mechanism in vivo. These findings expand our understanding of citral biosynthesis in Lauraceae plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01463-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiexi Hou
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingyan Ling
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiao Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhinong Jin
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-Breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees, The School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong X, Zhang T, Gui C, Fei S, Xu H, Chang J, Lian C, Tang W. The critical role of residues Phe120 and Val161 of (2 R,3 R)‑2,3‑butanediol dehydrogenase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae as probed by molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300751. [PMID: 38644586 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
NAD+-dependent (2 R,3 R)‑2,3‑butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NgBDH) is a representative member of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR) superfamily. To date, little information is available on the substrate binding sites and catalytic residues of BDHs from this superfamily. In this work, according to molecular docking studies, we found that conserved residues Phe120 and Val161 form strong hydrophobic interactions with both (2 R,3 R)‑2,3‑butanediol (RR-BD) and meso-2,3‑butanediol (meso-BD) and that mutations of these residues to alanine or threonine impair substrate binding. To further evaluate the roles of these two residues, Phe120 and Val161 were mutated to alanine or threonine. Kinetic analysis revealed that, relative to those of wild type, the apparent KM values of the Phe120Ala mutant for RR-BD and meso-BD increased 36- and 369-fold, respectively; the catalytic efficiencies of this mutant with RR-BD and meso-BD decreased approximately 586- and 3528-fold, respectively; and the apparent KM values of the Val161Ala mutant for RR-BD and meso-BD increased 4- and 37-fold, respectively, the catalytic efficiencies of this mutant with RR-BD and meso-BD decreased approximately 3- and 28-fold, respectively. Additionally, the Val161Thr mutant slightly decreased catalytic efficiencies (twofold with RR-BD; 7.3-fold with meso-BD) due to an increase in KM (sixfold for RR-BD; 24-fold for meso-BD) and a slight increase (2.8-fold with RR-BD; 3.3-fold with meso-BD) in kcat. These findings validate the critical roles of Phe120 and Val161 of NgBDH in substrate binding and catalysis. Overall, the current study provides a better understanding of the substrate binding and catalysis of BDHs within the MDR superfamily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Chuanyue Gui
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Shuping Fei
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Haonan Xu
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Jianrong Chang
- Scientific Research Center, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Chaoqun Lian
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Wanggang Tang
- Bengbu Medical University Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao Y, Chen Y, Gao M, Wang Y. Alcohol dehydrogenases regulated by a MYB44 transcription factor underlie Lauraceae citral biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1674-1691. [PMID: 37831423 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lineage-specific terpenoids have arisen throughout the evolution of land plants and are believed to play a role in interactions between plants and the environment. Species-specific gene clusters in plants have provided insight on the evolution of secondary metabolism. Lauraceae is an ecologically important plant family whose members are also of considerable economic value given their monoterpene contents. However, the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of monoterpenes remains yet to be elucidated. Here, a Lauraceae-specific citral biosynthetic gene cluster (CGC) was identified and investigated using a multifaceted approach that combined phylogenetic, collinearity, and biochemical analyses. The CGC comprises MYB44 as a regulator and 2 alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) as modifying enzymes, which derived from species-specific tandem and proximal duplication events. Activity and substrate divergence of the ADHs has resulted in the fruit of mountain pepper (Litsea cubeba), a core Lauraceae species, consisting of more than 80% citral. In addition, MYB44 negatively regulates citral biosynthesis by directly binding to the promoters of the ADH-encoding genes. The aggregation of citral biosynthetic pathways suggests that they may form the basis of important characteristics that enhance adaptability. The findings of this study provide insights into the evolution of and the regulatory mechanisms involved in plant terpene biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Yangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kazachkova Y. Smells like lemons: MYB-ADH gene cluster regulates citral biosynthesis in Litsea cubeba. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1263-1265. [PMID: 37976167 PMCID: PMC10904336 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Kazachkova
- Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Satyaveanthan MV, Ng CL, Awang A, Lam KW, Hassan M. Isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of Conopomorpha cramerella farnesol dehydrogenase. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 32:143-159. [PMID: 36454188 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Southeast Asia, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) which is commonly known as the cocoa pod borer (CPB) moth has been identified as the most detrimental pest of Theobroma cacao L. Apart from the various side effects on human health and non-target organisms, heavily relying on synthetic pyrethroid insecticides to control CPB infestations also increases the environmental contamination risks. Thus, developing biorational insecticides that minimally affect the non-target organism and environment by targeting the insect growth regulation process is needed to manage the pest population. In insects, juvenile hormones (JH) regulate critical biological events, especially metamorphosis, development and reproduction. Since the physiological roles of JH III vary among different organisms, the biochemical properties, especially substrate specificity and analogue inhibition, may also be different. Therefore, studies on the JH III biosynthetic pathway enzymes in both plants and insects are beneficial to discover more effective analogues. Bioinformatic analysis and biochemical characterization of a NADP+ -dependent farnesol dehydrogenase, an intermediate enzyme of the JH III pathway, from C. cramerella (CcFolDH), were described in this study. In addition, the farnesol analogues that may act as a potent analogue inhibitor for CcFolDH ware determined using in vitro enzymatic study. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that CcFolDH shared a close phylogenetic relationship to the honeybee's short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase. The 27 kDa CcFolDH has an NADP(H) binding domain with a typical Rossmann fold and is likely a homotetrameric protein in the solution. The enzyme had a greater preference for substrate trans, trans-farnesol and coenzyme NADP+ . In terms of analogue inhibitor inhibition, hexahydroxyfarnesyl acetone showed the highest inhibition (the lowest Ki ) compared to other farnesol analogues. Thus, hexahydroxyfarnesyl acetone would serve as the most potent active ingredient for future biorational pesticide management for C. cramerella infestation. Based on the bioinformatic analyses and biochemical characterizations conducted in this research, we proposed that rCcFolDH differs slightly from other reported farnesol dehydrogenases in terms of molecular weight, substrate preference, coenzymes utilization and analogue inhibitors selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chyan Leong Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Alias Awang
- Cocoa Research & Development Centre (Bagan Datuk), Malaysian Cocoa Board, Sg. Sumun, Malaysia
| | - Kok Wai Lam
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang Z, Xu C, Wang L, Hong K, Ma C, Lv C. Potential enzymes involved in beer monoterpenoids transformation: structures, functions and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2082-2092. [PMID: 34459289 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1970510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Monoterpenes are important flavor and fragrance compounds in food. In beer, the monoterpenes mainly come from hops added during boiling process. Biotransformations of monoterpene which occurred during fermentation conferred beer with various kinds of aroma profiles, which can be mainly attributed to the contribution of enzymes in yeast. However, there are few reports on the identification and characterization of these enzymes in yeast. Illustrating the structure and functions of key enzymes related to transformations will broaden their potential applications in beer or other foodstuffs. Monoterpenoids including terpene hydrocarbons (limonene, myrcene, and pinene) and terpene alcohol (linalool, geraniol, nerol, and citronellol) gave the beer flower-like or fruit-like aroma. The biotransformation of monoterpenes and monoterpene alcohols in bacteria and yeast, and potential enzymes related to the transformation of them are reviewed here. Enzymes primarily are dehydrogenases including linalool dehydrogenase/isomerase, geraniol/geranial dehydrogenase, nerol dehydrogenase and citronellol dehydrogenase. Most of them are substrate-specific or substrate-specific after modifications by biotechnology methods, and part of them have been expressed in E. coli, while the purification and catalytic rate is very low. Efforts should be made to acquire abundant enzymes, and to fabricate enzyme-expressing yeast, which can be further applied in beer fermentation system.highlightsMonoterpenoids contributed to the flavor of food, especially beer.Transformation of monoterpenoids occurred during fermentation.Various kinds of enzymes are involved in the transformation of monoterpenoids in bacteria, yeast, etc.Crystal structures of these enzymes have been partially resolved.Few enzymes are further applied in food system to obtain abundant flavor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Changwei Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zifruddin AN, Mohamad-Khalid KA, Suhaimi SA, Mohamed-Hussein ZA, Hassan M. Molecular characterization and enzyme inhibition studies of NADP+- farnesol dehydrogenase from diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1628-1638. [PMID: 33890631 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone III (JH III) plays an important role in insect reproduction, development, and behavior. The second branch of JH III production includes oxidation of farnesol to farnesal by farnesol dehydrogenase. This study reported the identification and characterization of Plutella xylostella farnesol dehydrogenase (PxFoLDH). Our results showed that PxFoLDH belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily, consisting of a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossman fold, an NAD(P) (H)-binding region and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. The purified enzyme displayed maximum activity at 55$\ $°C with pH 9.5 and was stable in the temperature below 70$\ ^\circ $C. PxFoLDH was determined to be a monomer with a relative molecular weight of 27 kDa and highly specific for trans, trans-farnesol, and NADP+. Among analog inhibitors tested, farnesyl acetate was the most effective inhibitor with the lowest Ki value of 0.02 µm. Our findings showed this purified enzyme may represent as NADP+-farnesol dehydrogenase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis-Nadyra Zifruddin
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Saidi-Adha Suhaimi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Satyaveanthan MV, Suhaimi SA, Ng CL, Muhd-Noor ND, Awang A, Lam KW, Hassan M. Purification, biochemical characterisation and bioinformatic analysis of recombinant farnesol dehydrogenase from Theobroma cacao. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 161:143-155. [PMID: 33588320 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The juvenile hormones (JH) in plants are suggested to act as a form of plant defensive strategy especially against insect herbivory. The oxidation of farnesol to farnesoic acid is a key step in the juvenile hormone biosynthesis pathway. We herein present the purification and characterisation of the recombinant Theobroma cacao farnesol dehydrogenase enzyme that catalyses oxidation of farnesol to farnesal. The recombinant enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme was characterised in terms of its deduced amino acid sequences, phylogeny, substrate specificity, kinetic parameters, structural modeling, and docking simulation. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the T. cacao farnesol dehydrogenase (TcFolDH) showed a close relationship with A. thaliana farnesol dehydrogenase gene. The TcFolDH monomer had a large N-terminal domain which adopted a typical Rossmann-fold, harboring the GxxGxG motif (NADP(H)-binding domain) and a small C-terminal domain. The enzyme was a homotrimer comprised of subunits with molecular masses of 36 kDa. The TcFolDH was highly specific to NADP+ as coenzyme. The substrate specificity studies showed trans, trans-farnesol was the most preferred substrate for the TcFolDH, suggesting that the purified enzyme was a NADP+-dependent farnesol dehydrogenase. The docking of trans, trans-farnesol and NADP+ into the active site of the enzyme showed the important residues, and their interactions involved in the substrate and coenzyme binding of TcFolDH. Considering the extensive involvement of JH in both insects and plants, an in-depth knowledge on the recombinant production of intermediate enzymes of the JH biosynthesis pathway could help provide a potential method for insect control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saidi-Adha Suhaimi
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Chyan Leong Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Noor-Dina Muhd-Noor
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia; Enzyme & Microbial Technology Center (EMTech), Faculty of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Alias Awang
- Cocoa Research & Development Centre (Bagan Datuk), Malaysian Cocoa Board, P.O. Box 30, Sg. Dulang Road, Sg. Sumun, Perak, 36307, Malaysia
| | - Kok Wai Lam
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramzi AB, Baharum SN, Bunawan H, Scrutton NS. Streamlining Natural Products Biomanufacturing With Omics and Machine Learning Driven Microbial Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:608918. [PMID: 33409270 PMCID: PMC7779585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.608918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing demands for the supply of biopharmaceuticals have propelled the advancement of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies for biomanufacturing of bioactive natural products. Using metabolically engineered microbes as the bioproduction hosts, a variety of natural products including terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and cannabinoids have been synthesized through the construction and expression of known and newly found biosynthetic genes primarily from model and non-model plants. The employment of omics technology and machine learning (ML) platforms as high throughput analytical tools has been increasingly leveraged in promoting data-guided optimization of targeted biosynthetic pathways and enhancement of the microbial production capacity, thereby representing a critical debottlenecking approach in improving and streamlining natural products biomanufacturing. To this end, this mini review summarizes recent efforts that utilize omics platforms and ML tools in strain optimization and prototyping and discusses the beneficial uses of omics-enabled discovery of plant biosynthetic genes in the production of complex plant-based natural products by bioengineered microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bazli Ramzi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | | | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nigel S Scrutton
- EPSRC/BBSRC Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Slaghenaufi D, Indorato C, Troiano E, Luzzini G, Felis GE, Ugliano M. Fate of Grape-Derived Terpenoids in Model Systems Containing Active Yeast Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13294-13301. [PMID: 32153191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are important contributors to wine aroma. Free and glycosidically bound terpenes are primarily formed in grapes. During fermentation, they undergo important transformation catalyzed by yeast, so that the terpene profile of grape is substantially different from that of the corresponding wine. The present paper assessed the ability of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain to transform 17 different terpenes. Biotransformation was performed by placing target compounds in incubation with resting cells. Volatile compounds produced were extracted by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Geranyl acetate, neryl acetate, citronellyl acetate, and menthyl acetate were formed from the corresponding terpene alcohols. β-Citronellol was the main product of geraniol transformation; geranial, an intermediate of this pathway, has also been detected. Limonene was hydroxylated by yeast to form carveol, trans-2,8-menthadien-1-ol, and cis-2,8-menthadien-1-ol. Moreover, yeast cells were found to be able to adsorb a significant portion of the terpenes present in the reaction batches, with the extent of this phenomenon being linked to terpene hydrophobicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Slaghenaufi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| | - Carla Indorato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Troiano
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luzzini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| | - Giovanna E Felis
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ugliano
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Villa Lebrecht, Via della Pieve 70, 37029 San Pietro in Cariano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sandholu AS, Mujawar SP, Ramakrishnan K, Thulasiram HV, Kulkarni K. Structural studies on 10-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase: A novel linear substrate-specific dehydrogenase from Catharanthus roseus. Proteins 2020; 88:1197-1206. [PMID: 32181958 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of 10-hydroxygeraniol to 10-oxogeranial is a crucial step in iridoid biosynthesis. This reaction is catalyzed by a zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, 10-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase, belonging to the family of medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR). Here, we report the crystal structures of a novel 10-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase from Catharanthus roseus in its apo and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+ ) bound forms. Structural analysis and docking studies reveal how subtle conformational differences of loops L1, L2, L3, and helix α9' at the orifice of the catalytic site confer differential activity of the enzyme toward various substrates, by modulating the binding pocket shape and volume. The present study, first of its kind, provides insights into the structural basis of substrate specificity of MDRs specific to linear substrates. Furthermore, comparison of apo and NADP+ bound structures suggests that the enzyme adopts open and closed states to facilitate cofactor binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand S Sandholu
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharmila P Mujawar
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Krithika Ramakrishnan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hirekodathakallu V Thulasiram
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kiran Kulkarni
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Awadasseid A, Li W, Liu Z, Qiao C, Pang J, Zhang G, Luo Y. Characterization of Camptotheca acuminata 10-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase and iridoid synthase and their application in biological preparation of nepetalactol in Escherichia coli featuring NADP + - NADPH cofactors recycling. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1076-1085. [PMID: 32599240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nepetalactol, an iridoid with four chiral carbons, is a crucial component of aphid sex pheromones that have been employed with great success to control the insect-related diseases. Despite of agricultural usage as end products, iridoids are fundamental biosynthetic intermediates for pharmaceutically important monoterpenoid indole alkaloids such as camptothecin (CAM) and vinca alkaloids. Herein we characterized 10-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase (10HGO) and iridoid synthase (IS) from Camptotheca acuminata, a CAM-producing plant, and reported their application in biological preparation of nepetalactol. Ca10HGO and CaIS were respectively cloned from C. acuminata, overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and purified to homogeneity. Ca10HGO catalyzes the oxidation of 10-hydroxygeraniol into 10-oxogeranial, in which NADP+ was reduced to NADPH. CaIS catalyzes nepetalactol formation from 10-oxogeranial using NADPH cofactor. The net outcome of the two reactions generate nepetalactol from 10-hydroxygeraniol efficiently, indicating NADP+ - NADPH recycling. Ca10HGO and CaIS were co-overexpressed in E. coli under optimized fermentation conditions to prepare cell-based catalysts that catalyze the conversion of 10-hydroxygeraniol into nepetalactol. The present work shows the enzymatic conversion of 10-hydroxygeraniol into nepetalactol involved in CAM biosynthesis. Co-overexpression of Ca10HGO and CaIS in E. coli is an alternative valuable cell-based biotransformation process with regenerating recycling of NADP+ - NADPH cofactors for nepetalactol preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annoor Awadasseid
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Qiao
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Pang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinggang Luo
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lange BM, Srividya N. Enzymology of monoterpene functionalization in glandular trichomes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1095-1108. [PMID: 30624688 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The plant kingdom supports an extraordinary chemical diversity, with terpenoids representing a particularly diversified class of secondary (or specialized) metabolites. Volatile and semi-volatile terpenoids in the C10-C20 range are often formed in specialized cell types and secretory structures. In the angiosperm lineage, glandular trichomes play an important role in enabling the biosynthesis and storage (or in some cases secretion) of functionalized terpenoids. The 'decoration' of a terpenoid scaffold with functional groups changes its physical and chemical properties, and can therefore affect the perception of a specific metabolite by other organisms. Because of the ecological implications (e.g. plant-herbivore interactions) and commercial relevance (e.g. volatiles used in the flavor and fragrance industries), terpenoid functionalization has been researched extensively. Recent successes in the cloning and functional evaluation of genes as well as the structural and biochemical characterization of enzyme catalysts have laid the foundation for an improved understanding of how pathways toward functionalized monoterpenes may have evolved. In this review, we will focus on an up-to-date account of functionalization reactions present in glandular trichomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Markus Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - Narayanan Srividya
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| |
Collapse
|