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Naughten S, Ecklu-Mensah G, Constantino G, Quaranta A, Schulkers Escalante K, Bai-Tong S, Gilbert J, Leibel S, Wheelock CE, Leibel S. The re-emerging role of linoleic acid in paediatric asthma. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230063. [PMID: 37914192 PMCID: PMC10618909 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0063-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease within the paediatric population. Although it is multifactorial, its onset may be linked to early-life exposures with subsequent impact on immune system development. Microbial and dietary metabolic products have been implicated in the development and exacerbation of paediatric asthma. Linoleic acid is the most common omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Western diet. In this review, we summarise the literature regarding the involvement of linoleic acid in the development of and its impact on existing paediatric asthma. First, we summarise the existing knowledge surrounding the relationship between human microbial metabolism and allergic diseases in children. Next, we examine cellular or animal model-based mechanistic studies that investigated the impact of dietary- and microbial-derived linoleic acid metabolites on asthma. Finally, we review the literature investigating the impact of linoleic acid metabolites on the development and exacerbation of childhood asthma. While there is conflicting evidence, there is growing support for a role of linoleic acid in the onset and pathophysiology of asthma. We recommend that additional cellular, animal, and longitudinal studies are performed that target linoleic acid and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Naughten
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Quaranta
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Shiyu Bai-Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jack Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Leibel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sydney Leibel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Short-Term Fish Oil Supplementation during Adolescence Supports Sex-Specific Impact on Adulthood Visuospatial Memory and Cognitive Flexibility. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173513. [PMID: 36079771 PMCID: PMC9459882 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have supported benefits of omega-3 supplementation using Menhaden fish oil (FO) to promote brain maturation and plasticity during critical developmental periods. The goal of this study was to determine sex-specific immediate and delayed impact of adolescent omega-3 supplementation on visuospatial memory and cognitive flexibility. Sixty-four Wistar rats (n = 32 males and females) received daily FO or soybean oil (CSO) supplementation via oral gavage (0.3 mL/100 g body weight) from postnatal day 28–47. The Barnes Maze Test (BMT) was used to measure visuospatial memory and reversal learning trials (RL) determined cognitive flexibility. Juveniles underwent testing immediately after the gavage period, while adults began testing on postnatal day 90. Adult rats showed reduced working memory errors (WME) and gradual decrease in escape latencies compared to juveniles. Importantly, adult FO-supplemented females displayed fewer WME than males, while males’ performance benefited from CSO supplementation. Overall, sex- and supplementation-dependent effects supported a positive impact of FO in female rats only. Our findings support the potential for supplementation limited to the early adolescence period to influence adulthood spatial learning and cognitive flexibility in a sex-specific manner.
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Koblinsky ND, Power KA, Middleton L, Ferland G, Anderson ND. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Diet and Exercise Effects on Cognition: A Review of the Intervention Literature. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 78:195-205. [PMID: 35977540 PMCID: PMC9951060 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the gut-brain axis and its implications for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, is growing. Microbial imbalances in the gastrointestinal tract, which are associated with impaired cognition, may represent a therapeutic target for lowering dementia risk. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions are a promising dementia risk reduction strategy and most often include diet and exercise, behaviors that are also known to modulate the gut microbiome. A better understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in diet and exercise effects on cognition may help to optimize these lifestyle interventions. The purpose of this review is to summarize findings from diet and exercise interventions that have investigated cognitive changes via effects on the microbiome. We aim to discuss the underlying mechanisms, highlight current gaps in the field, and provide new research directions. There is evidence mainly from rodent studies supporting the notion that microbiota changes mediate the effects of diet and exercise on cognition, with potential mechanisms including end-product metabolites and regulation of local and systemic inflammation. The field lacks whole diet and exercise interventions, especially those involving human participants. It is further limited by heterogeneous rodent models, outcome assessments, and the absence of proper mediation analyses. Trials including older adults with dementia risk factors, factorial designs of diet and exercise, and pre and post measures of microbiota, end-product metabolites, and inflammation would help to elucidate and potentially leverage the role of the microbiome in lowering dementia risk through lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah D Koblinsky
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista A Power
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Address correspondence to: Nicole D. Anderson, PhD, CPsych, Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, 3560 Bathurst St., M6A 2E1 Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mail:
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Di Maso M, Bravi F, Ferraroni M, Agostoni C, Eussen SRBM, Decsi T, Quitadamo PA, Tonetto P, Peila C, Profeti C, Salvatori G, Kazmierska I, Decarli A, Vacca E, Bertino E, Stahl B, Moro GE. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet of Breastfeeding Mothers and Fatty Acids Composition of Their Human Milk: Results From the Italian MEDIDIET Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:891376. [PMID: 35719165 PMCID: PMC9201754 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.891376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and AimsThe content of fatty acids (FA) in human milk may be influenced by maternal nutrition. We evaluated the role of a Mediterranean diet in influencing the content of FA in human milk among 282 breastfeeding mothers participating in the MEDIDIET study.Materials and MethodsMediterranean Diet Score (MDS), a composite index, was used to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. It includes 9 components (i.e., vegetables, fruit, cereals, legumes, monounsaturated to saturated FA ratio – MUFA/SFA, fish, dairy products, meat, and alcohol) and therefore potentially ranges from 0 (no adherence) to 9 (complete adherence) points. None of the mothers obtained the highest score due to the low alcohol consumption in the study population. Mothers were categorized in approximate tertiles of adherence: 0–3 (34.4%), 4 (26.2%), and 5–8 points (39.4%). The mean content of FA across categories of MDS was compared using ANOVA and test for trend.ResultsA high adherence of breastfeeding mothers to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower content of SFA in human milk (42.58 ± 4.36 for MDS = 0–3, 42.58 ± 4.89 for MDS = 4, and 40.92 ± 5.22% of fats for MDS = 5–8 points; p ANOVA and p for trend = 0.02). Conversely, a high adherence was associated with higher content of MUFA in human milk (43.27 ± 4.27 for MDS = 0–3, 43.27 ± 4.47 for MDS = 4, and 45.24 ± 5.22% of fats for MDS = 5–8 points; p ANOVA and p for trend < 0.01), ω-3 FA (1.07 ± 0.25 for MDS = 0–3, 1.22 ± 0.49 for MDS = 4, and 1.31 ± 0.51% of fats for MDS = 5–8 points; p ANOVA and p for trend < 0.01), and the major types of ω-3 FA (i.e., α-linolenic acid – ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid – EPA, docosahexaenoic acid – DHA, docosapentaenoic acid – DPA). These associations were mainly driven by the adherence to the vegetables, MUFA/SFA, fish, and dairy products components of the Mediterranean diet.ConclusionA high adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with human milk showing a lower content of SFA and higher content of MUFA and ω-3 FA, including DHA. The Mediterranean diet may contribute in human milk production with higher content of specific FA which is directly involved in infant’s neural and visual development, as reported by previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Di Maso
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Ferraroni,
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tamás Decsi
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Pasqua A. Quitadamo
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Paola Tonetto
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, City of Health and Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Peila
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, City of Health and Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Profeti
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Meyer di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Salvatori
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Iwona Kazmierska
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ospedale Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriano Decarli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Bertino
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Guido E. Moro
- Italian Association of Human Milk Banks (AIBLUD), Milan, Italy
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Mantzioris E, Muhlhausler BS, Villani A. Impact of the Mediterranean Dietary pattern on n-3 fatty acid tissue levels-A systematic review. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 176:102387. [PMID: 34929617 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is described as a plant-based dietary pattern with adherence associated with reductions in chronic disease risk and longevity. Although the nutrient profile is diverse and complex, the MedDiet is often described as a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from fish, seafood and nuts. However, whether MedDiet adherence results in appreciable increases in tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs is yet to be systematically investigated. This systematic review synthesized the literature to determine the impact of the MedDiet on n-3 PUFA tissue levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting on adherence to a MedDiet and tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs. PROSPERO registration number is CRD 42020162114. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included. Seven were observational studies and 15 were randomised controlled trials (RCTs). All observational studies reported a positive relationship between adherence and higher tissue n-3 PUFA levels. Two-thirds (10/15) of RCTs reported significant increases in n-3 PUFA concentrations. DISCUSSION MedDiet adherence is associated with higher tissue levels of n-3 PUFA. However, we report heterogeneity in the description across all MedDiet interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline Mantzioris
- UniSA: Clinical & Health Sciences, Alliance for Research in Nutrition, Exercise and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, North Terrace and Frome Rd, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.
| | | | - Anthony Villani
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Di Maso M, Eussen SRBM, Bravi F, Moro GE, Agostoni C, Tonetto P, Quitadamo PA, Salvatori G, Profeti C, Kazmierska I, Vacca E, Decarli A, Stahl B, Bertino E, Ferraroni M. Dietary Intake of Breastfeeding Mothers in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Results of the MEDIDIET Study. J Nutr 2021; 151:3459-3482. [PMID: 34386823 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactation is a demanding period for women, and a good nutrition is crucial for optimal health of mothers and infants. OBJECTIVES To provide new data and summarize the overall evidence on maternal nutrient intakes during lactation in developed countries, we present a systematic review (SR) of the literature and concurrently original results of the Italian MEDIDIET study. We compared nutrient intakes with dietary reference values (DRVs) proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. METHODS Studies were identified searching PubMed/Embase databases up to February 2020. Observational studies reporting at least energy and macronutrient intakes of healthy breastfeeding mothers who followed non-restricted and non-specific diets were included. Studies on populations with severe nutritional deficiencies were excluded. The MEDIDIET study enrolled 300 healthy breastfeeding mothers at 6 ± 1 wk postpartum. Usual diet was concomitantly evaluated through a validated and reproducible FFQ. Nutrient intakes were estimated using a food composition database. RESULTS Twenty-eight articles regarding 32 distinct study populations were included. Maternal nutrient intakes were generally in agreement across studies included in the SR and conforming to DRVs. Within micronutrients, vitamin D intake was below the recommendation. In the MEDIDIET study, mean intakes of energy (1950 ± 445 kcal/d), carbohydrates (270 ± 20.1 g/d), proteins (87.8 ± 20.1 g/d), and fats (65.6 ± 18.9 g/d) were similar to those observed in the SR. Moreover, observed intakes seemed to reflect the typical Mediterranean diet, with low intakes of carbohydrates, SFAs, and PUFAs and high intakes of MUFAs and vitamins. Conversely, protein intake was mainly derived from animal sources. CONCLUSIONS This SR showed that nutrient intakes of breastfeeding mothers in developed countries are generally in line with DRVs despite different dietary patterns worldwide. Some nutritional deficiencies emerged, highlighting the need for additional nutritional advice. Mothers participating in the MEDIDIET study showed a nutritional profile in agreement with the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Di Maso
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Bravi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido E Moro
- Italian Association of Human Milk Banks (AIBLUD), Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Tonetto
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, City of Health and Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pasqua A Quitadamo
- Neonatology-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Salvatori
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Profeti
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Meyer di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Iwona Kazmierska
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ospedale Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Decarli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Bertino
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Maffoni SI, Kalmpourtzidou Α, Cena H. The potential role of nutrition in mitigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 in healthcare workers. NFS JOURNAL 2021. [PMCID: PMC7833967 DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals are exposed to several stress factors, especially during health emergency situations like Covid-19. Psychological distress in the COVID-19 era adversely affects both healthcare professionals' mental and physical health, decreasing performance and efficiency at work. Nevertheless, no sufficient emphasis has been placed so far on the role of nutrition against stress and anxiety among healthcare professionals. Consequently, worksite health promotion approaches and interventions are highly recommended, but also National Health Systems are praised to develop strategies and policies to satisfy nutritional requirements in health emergencies such as Covid-19 pandemic. In this brief paper, the important role of nutrition during periods of stress is highlighted, providing nutritional advice to enhance resilience in this risk group. In addition, practical lifestyle and diet tips for stress management among healthcare professionals exposed to Covid-19 are reported in this mini review.
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Silva AR, Moraes BPT, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Mediterranean Diet: Lipids, Inflammation, and Malaria Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124489. [PMID: 32599864 PMCID: PMC7350014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) consists of consumption of vegetables and healthy oils and have beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Our goal here is to discuss the role of fatty acid content in MedDiet, mostly omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 on malaria. Malaria affects millions of people around the globe. The parasite Plasmodium causes the disease. The metabolic and inflammatory alterations in the severe forms have damaging consequences to the host. The lipid content in the MedDiet holds anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive features in the host and have detrimental effects on the Plasmodium. The lipids from the diet impact the balance of pro- and anti-inflammation, thus, lipids intake from the diet is critical to parasite elimination and host tissue damage caused by an immune response. Herein, we go into the cellular and molecular mechanisms and targets of the MedDiet fatty acids in the host and the parasite, reviewing potential benefits of the MedDiet, on inflammation, malaria infection progression, and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana R. Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Neurociências da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (A.R.S.); or (C.F.G.-d.-A.)
| | - Bianca P. T. Moraes
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Neurociências da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro 20210-010, Brazil
| | - Cassiano F. Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Neurociências da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro 20210-010, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Molecular e Celular, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 20210-010, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (A.R.S.); or (C.F.G.-d.-A.)
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González A, Bordón MG, Bustos MC, Córdova Salazar KL, Ribotta PD, Martínez ML. Study of the incorporation of native and microencapsulated chia seed oil on pasta properties. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agustín González
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada (IPQA‐CONICET) Av. Velez Sarsfield 1611 Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5000 Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Bordón
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales (ICTA‐FCEFyN) ‐ Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC‐CONICET) Juan Filloy s/n Córdoba 5000 Argentina
| | - Mariela C. Bustos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC‐CONICET) Juan Filloy s/n Córdoba 5000 Argentina
| | - Karina L. Córdova Salazar
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales (ICTA‐FCEFyN) ‐ Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
| | - Pablo D. Ribotta
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales (ICTA‐FCEFyN) ‐ Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC‐CONICET) Juan Filloy s/n Córdoba 5000 Argentina
| | - Marcela L. Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales (ICTA‐FCEFyN) ‐ Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV‐CONICET) Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5016 Argentina
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Villanueva-Bermejo D, Fornari T, Calvo MV, Fontecha J, Coelho JA, Filipe RM, Stateva RP. Application of a novel approach to modelling the supercritical extraction kinetics of oil from two sets of chia seeds. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Multilayer perceptron neural networking for prediction of quality attributes of spray-dried vegetable oil powder. Soft comput 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-019-04494-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Castejón N, Luna P, Señoráns FJ. Ultrasonic Removal of Mucilage for Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Omega-3 Rich Oil from Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2572-2579. [PMID: 28267913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds contain an important amount of edible oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Fast and alternative extraction techniques based on polar solvents, such as ethanol or water, have become relevant for oil extraction in recent years. However, chia seeds also contain a large amount of soluble fiber or mucilage, which makes difficult an oil extraction process with polar solvents. For that reason, the aim of this study was to develop a gentle extraction method for mucilage in order to extract chia oil with polar solvents using pressurized liquids and compare with organic solvent extraction. The proposed mucilage extraction method, using an ultrasonic probe and only water, was optimized at mild conditions (50 °C and sonication 3 min) to guarantee the omega-3 oil quality. Chia oil extraction was performed using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with different solvents and their mixtures at five different extraction temperatures (60, 90, 120, 150, and 200 °C). Optimal PLE conditions were achieved with ethyl acetate or hexane at 90 °C in only 10 min of static extraction time (chia oil yield up to 30.93%). In addition, chia oils extracted with nonpolar and polar solvents by PLE were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate fatty acid composition at different extraction conditions. Chia oil contained ∼65% of α-linolenic acid regardless of mucilage extraction method, solvent, or temperature used. Furthermore, tocopherols and tocotrienols were also analyzed by HPLC in the extracted chia oils. The mucilage removal allowed the subsequent extraction of the chia oil with polar or nonpolar solvents by PLE producing chia oil with the same fatty acid and tocopherol composition as traditional extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Castejón
- Healthy-Lipids Group, Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Luna
- Healthy-Lipids Group, Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Señoráns
- Healthy-Lipids Group, Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Bouattour E, Fakhfakh J, Frikha Dammak D, Jabou K, Damak M, Mezghani Jarraya R. Hexane Extract of Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. spinosus from Tunisia: A Potential Source of Acetylated Sterols - Investigation of its Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1674-1684. [PMID: 27476999 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The hexane extract of Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. spinosus flower heads was analyzed for its fatty acid and sterol composition. Its physicochemical characteristics were also studied. The saponification, iodine and peroxide values were determined as 255 mg KOH/g, 42.57 g I2 /100 g and 110 m equiv. O2 /kg of oil, respectively. The oleic (C18:1; 61.14%), palmitic (C16:0; 21.36%) and linoleic (C18:2; 10.45%) acids were the dominant fatty acids. This extract was also found to contain high levels of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol (44.97% and 34.95% of total sterols, respectively). On the other hand, the identification of terpenoid compounds was investigated by using GC/MS, which revealed fourteen major terpenoids mainly taraxasterol, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, lup-22(29)-en-3-yl acetate, taraxasteryl acetate, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, pseudotaraxasteryl acetate, hop-20(29)-en3-β-ol, α-amirenone, along with β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Moreover, we have evaluated the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the unsaponifiable matter and a fraction isolated from this extract. These activities were conducted using the diffusion disc methods and broth microdilution assay. The resulted fraction from this extract showed the highest antibacterial activity with significant minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values 125.0 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus cereus. However, it did exhibit no substantial antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Bouattour
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jawhar Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Donyez Frikha Dammak
- Unit of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Jabou
- Oil National Office, 10 Mohamed V Avenue, 1001, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Damak
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Mezghani Jarraya
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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Could gestational diabetes mellitus be managed through dietary bioactive compounds? Current knowledge and future perspectives. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1129-44. [PMID: 26879600 PMCID: PMC4825102 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious problem growing worldwide that needs to be addressed with urgency in consideration of the resulting severe complications for both mother and fetus. Growing evidence indicates that a healthy diet rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, extra-virgin olive oil and fish has beneficial effects in both the prevention and management of several human diseases and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the latest data concerning the effects of dietary bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and PUFA on the molecular mechanisms regulating glucose homoeostasis. Several studies, mostly based on in vitro and animal models, indicate that dietary polyphenols, mainly flavonoids, positively modulate the insulin signalling pathway by attenuating hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, reducing inflammatory adipokines, and modifying microRNA (miRNA) profiles. Very few data about the influence of dietary exposure on GDM outcomes are available, although this approach deserves careful consideration. Further investigation, which includes exploring the ‘omics’ world, is needed to better understand the complex interaction between dietary compounds and GDM.
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Cacciola F, Beccaria M, Oteri M, Utczas M, Giuffrida D, Cicero N, Dugo G, Dugo P, Mondello L. Chemical characterisation of old cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) seed oil by liquid chromatography and different spectroscopic detection systems. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:1646-54. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1131982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cacciola
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Beccaria
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marianna Oteri
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Margita Utczas
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Giuffrida
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Science4life s.r.l., c/o “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Science4life s.r.l., c/o “Scienze dell'Ambiente, della Sicurezza, del Territorio, degli Alimenti e della Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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da Silva BP, Matyelka JCDS, Moreira MEDC, Toledo RCL, Della Lucia CM, Pinheiro-Sant'Ana HM, Martino HSD. A high fat diet does not affect the iron bioavailability in Wistar rats fed with chia and increases gene expression of iron metabolism proteins. Food Funct 2016; 7:4861-4868. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00759g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of chia on the iron bioavailability and gene expression of proteins involved in iron metabolism in animals fed with a high fat diet and a standard diet.
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ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Diseases: Effects, Mechanisms and Dietary Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22636-61. [PMID: 26393581 PMCID: PMC4613328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ω-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) have, since the 1970s, been associated with beneficial health effects. They are, however, prone to lipid peroxidation due to their many double bonds. Lipid peroxidation is a process that may lead to increased oxidative stress, a condition associated with adverse health effects. Recently, conflicting evidence regarding the health benefits of intake of n-3 from seafood or n-3 supplements has emerged. The aim of this review was thus to examine recent literature regarding health aspects of n-3 FA intake from fish or n-3 supplements, and to discuss possible reasons for the conflicting findings. There is a broad consensus that fish and seafood are the optimal sources of n-3 FA and consumption of approximately 2-3 servings per week is recommended. The scientific evidence of benefits from n-3 supplementation has diminished over time, probably due to a general increase in seafood consumption and better pharmacological intervention and acute treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
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Morato PN, Rodrigues JB, Moura CS, e Silva FGD, Esmerino EA, Cruz AG, Bolini HMA, Amaya-Farfan J, Lollo PCB. Omega-3 enriched chocolate milk: A functional drink to improve health during exhaustive exercise. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Uysal S, Zengin G, Aktumsek A, Karatas S. Fatty Acid Composition, Total Sugar Content and Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanol and Water Extracts of Nine Different Fruit Tree Leaves Collected from Mediterranean Region of Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.973964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Oxidative stability of walnut (Juglans regia L.) and chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oils microencapsulated by spray drying. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Scoditti E, Capurso C, Capurso A, Massaro M. Vascular effects of the Mediterranean diet-part II: role of omega-3 fatty acids and olive oil polyphenols. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 63:127-34. [PMID: 25446163 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lower occurrence of cardiovascular disease and cancer in populations around the Mediterranean basin as detected in the 1950s was correctly attributed to the peculiar dietary habits of those populations. Essentially, until the mid-20th century, typical Mediterranean diets were rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole-wheat bread, nuts, fish, and, as a common culinary trait, the routine use of extra-virgin olive oil. Nowadays, the regular adoption of such dietary patterns is still thought to result in healthful benefits. Such patterns ensure the assumption of molecules with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, among which ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), ω-9 monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid), and phenolic compounds. The aim of this review is to provide an update of the vasculo-protective pathways mediated by ω-3 PUFAs and polyphenols in the context of the modern Mediterranean dietary habits, including the possible cross-talk and synergy between these typical components. This review complements a parallel one focusing on the role of dietary nitrates and alimentary fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Capurso
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Science, Section on Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Capurso
- Faculty of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Bari, Italy.
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, Lecce, Italy.
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22
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Chemical composition and characteristic profiles of seed oils from three Tunisian Acacia species. J Food Compost Anal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Calabrò S, Cutrignelli MI, Gonzalez OJ, Chiofalo B, Grossi M, Tudisco R, Panetta C, Infascelli F. Meat quality of buffalo young bulls fed faba bean as protein source. Meat Sci 2014; 96:591-6. [PMID: 24018277 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen Italian Mediterranean Buffalo young bulls were divided into two groups fed isoprotein and isoenergy diets and only differing for protein source of concentrate: faba bean (FB) vs soybean (SB). Animals were slaughtered at 350 kg BW. Meat from FB group showed significantly lower fat, protein, cholesterol and saturated fatty acids than SB group. Significant differences were also found between the three muscles analysed [Longissimus thoracis (LT), Semitendinosus (ST) and Iliopsoas plus Psoas minor (IP)]. ST showed the most favourable fatty acids profile: lower SFA, higher PUFA, MUFA, ω-3, ω-6, CLA and, consequently, lower values for both atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes. Results showed that faba bean can be used as a protein source alternative to soybean in the diet of young buffalo bulls for the production of high quality meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Calabrò
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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25
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Martínez ML, Marín MA, Salgado Faller CM, Revol J, Penci MC, Ribotta PD. Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil extraction: Study of processing parameters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Chiofalo B, Presti VL, Chiofalo V, Gresta F. The productive traits, fatty acid profile and nutritional indices of three lupin (Lupinus spp.) species cultivated in a Mediterranean environment for the livestock. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fontaneto D, Tommaseo-Ponzetta M, Galli C, Risé P, Glew RH, Paoletti MG. Differences in Fatty Acid Composition between Aquatic and Terrestrial Insects Used as Food in Human Nutrition. Ecol Food Nutr 2011; 50:351-67. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2011.586316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ixtaina VY, Martínez ML, Spotorno V, Mateo CM, Maestri DM, Diehl BW, Nolasco SM, Tomás MC. Characterization of chia seed oils obtained by pressing and solvent extraction. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Carvalho I, Teixeira M, Brodelius M. Fatty acids profile of selected Artemisia spp. plants: Health promotion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2010.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sirtori CR, Galli C, Anderson JW, Arnoldi A. Nutritional and nutraceutical approaches to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis prevention: Focus on dietary proteins. Atherosclerosis 2009; 203:8-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Diet and health clearly are linked intrinsically. Today, more than ever food is functionalized and tailor made for specific groups (e.g. athletes, the elderly, and people with specific conditions). Increased life expectancy has resulted in an increase in the quest for diets which allow for a healthy ageing. In looking back 100 years, we try to assess how of our diets will evolve in the next 100 years and how this may be linked to a 'healthier ageing'. Our argument centres around a series of dichotomies which we used to explain the main changes in dietary habits and how this impacts on health--the continuous move from dietary traditions which are local, low in technological input and based on empiricism, to diets which are global, require high technological input and are science-based. The innovations our societies have achieved over the last century have allowed us to improve our diet based on a better scientific understanding of the health benefits of such diets, but this is often not achieved due to commercial considerations. This will require that all sectors of the food industry work towards healthy and economically affordable diets. In addition, there will be a continuous demand by the consumers to ascertain that 'our' foods are not only healthy but also convenient and easy to prepare. Healthy ageing will require us to look at a multitude of aspects of foods, to integrate this knowledge and to apply it in all sectors of food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heinrich
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Sq., London WC1N1AX, UK.
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Effect of genotype and environment on fatty acid composition of Lupinus albus L. seed. Food Chem 2008; 108:600-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Calcium, nutrient and food intake of Greek Orthodox Christian monks during a fasting and non-fasting week. Public Health Nutr 2007; 11:1022-9. [PMID: 18093353 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980007001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the Ca, nutrient and food intake of Greek Orthodox Christian monks during a vegetarian-type fasting week, compared with their normal diet. DESIGN Dietary data collection (using 7 d weighed food records), anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, as well as serum glucose and lipid analyses, were performed during Palm Sunday week (fasting) and the week following Pentecost Sunday (non-fasting). Mean daily nutrient and food (g/d) intakes were calculated from the food records. SETTING The study took place in two monasteries in the Municipality of Heraklion, Crete. SUBJECTS The study involved ten healthy monks aged 25-65 years, with BMI > 30 kg/m2, who had been performing fasts for the last 24.4 (SD 10.4) years and lived in monasteries in Crete during April-June 2005. RESULTS Nutrient and food intake profiles were more favourable during the fasting week, when participants had lower intakes of total and saturated fat and trans-fatty acids, and higher intakes of dietary fibre, Fe, folate, legumes and fish/seafood. Ca intake was lower when participants fasted, whereas consumption of dairy products, meat and eggs increased significantly in the non-fasting week. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher, whereas blood lipid levels were more favourable during the fasting week. CONCLUSIONS The periodic vegetarianism recommended by the Greek Orthodox Church contributes to the favourable profiles of several biomarkers of health among this sample of monks. The fasting rituals described are an important component of the traditional diet of Crete and should be emphasised in nutrition education programmes promoting this Mediterranean eating pattern.
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Elvevoll EO, Barstad H, Breimo ES, Brox J, Eilertsen KE, Lund T, Olsen JO, Osterud B. Enhanced incorporation of n-3 fatty acids from fish compared with fish oils. Lipids 2007; 41:1109-14. [PMID: 17269556 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-006-5060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work was undertaken to study the impact of the source of n-3 FA on their incorporation in serum, on blood lipid composition, and on cellular activation. A clinical trial comprising 71 volunteers, divided into five groups, was performed. Three groups were given 400 g smoked salmon (n = 14), cooked salmon (n = 15), or cooked cod (n = 13) per week for 8 wk. A fourth group was given 15 mL/d of cod liver oil (CLO) (n = 15), and a fifth group served as control (n = 14) without supplementation. The serum content of EPA and DHA before and after intervention revealed a higher rise in EPA and DHA in the cooked salmon group (129% rise in EPA and 45% rise in DHA) as compared with CLO (106 and 25%, respectively) despite an intake of EPA and DHA in the CLO group of 3.0 g/d compared with 1.2 g/d in the cooked salmon group. No significant changes were observed in blood lipids, fibrinogen, fibrinolysis, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tissue factor (TF) activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in whole blood. EPA and DHA were negatively correlated with LPS-induced TNFalpha, IL-8, LTB4, TxB2, and TF in whole blood. In conclusion, fish consumption is more effective in increasing serum EPA and DHA than supplementing the diet with fish oil. Since the n-3 FA are predominantly in TAG in fish as well as CLO, it is suggested that the larger uptake from fish than CLO is due to differences in physiochemical structure of the lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edel O Elvevoll
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Department of Marine Biotechnology, University of Tromsø, Norway.
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