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Shearer GC, Block RC, Huang S, Liu L, Herrington DM, Tsai MY, Tintle N, O’Connell TD. Eicosapentaenoic acid and Arachidonic acid Protection Against Left Ventricle Pathology: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.05.24308494. [PMID: 38883788 PMCID: PMC11177919 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.05.24308494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background We have shown that ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce risk for heart failure, regardless of ejection fraction status. Ventricular remodeling and reduced ventricular performance precede overt hear failure, however there is little insight into how PUFAs contribute to maladaptive signaling over time. PUFAs are agonists for regulatory activity at g-protein coupled receptors such as Ffar4, and downstream as substrates for monooxygenases (e.g lipoxygenase, cytochrome p450, or cyclooxygenase (COX)) which mediate intracellular adaptive signaling. Methods Plasma phospholipid PUFA abundance at Exam 1 as mass percent EPA, DHA, and arachidonic acid (AA) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were evaluated using pathway modeling to determine the association with time-dependent changes in left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM), end-diastolic LV volume (EDV), and end-systolic volume (ESV) measured by cardiac MRI at Exams 1 and 5. Ejection fraction (EF) and mass:volume (MV) were calculated posteriorly from the first three. Results 2,877 subjects had available MRI data. Participants with low AA and EPA had accelerated age-dependent declines in LVM. Males with low AA and EPA also had accelerated declines in EDV, but among females there was no PUFA association with EDV declines and exam 5 EDV status was positively associated with AA. Both sexes had nearly the same positive association of AA with changes in ESV. Conclusion Plasma phospholipid AA and EPA are prospectively associated with indices of heart remodeling, including ventricular remodeling and performance. Combined AA and EPA scarcity was associated with the most accelerated age-related changes and exam 5 status, while the greatest benefits were found among participants with both PUFAs. This suggests that both PUFAs are required for optimal slowing of age-related declines in ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert C. Block
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Shue Huang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Linxi Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Statistics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, Iowa
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Zhu Y, Vogelpohl FA, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Pranger IG, Minović I, Navis GJ, Bakker SJL, Riphagen IJ. Circulating de novo lipogenesis fatty acids and all-cause mortality in a prospective Dutch population cohort. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:658-666. [PMID: 35909048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating fatty acids (FA) from de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with elevated CVD risk. However, compared to FA early in the DNL synthetic pathway, cis-vaccenic acid, one of the FA distal in the DNL synthetic pathway, has rarely been studied in a general population cohort. We hypothesized that circulating cis-vaccenic acid is more strongly related to all-cause mortality than other circulating DNL-related FA. OBJECTIVES The primary and secondary objectives of this study were to investigate the prospective associations of plasma levels of cis-vaccenic acid and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality in a general population, respectively. METHODS We included 850 participants (mean ± SD age 53 ± 15 years) from the Dutch Lifelines cohort study. Circulating levels of palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1n7), cis-vaccenic (cis-C18:1n7), stearic (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n9) in plasma phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by gas chromatography. The associations of circulating cis-C18:1n7 and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.3 (IQR: 5.4-10.8) years, 34 (4.0%) participants had died. In plasma PL, a 1-SD increase in cis-C18:1n7 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in univariate and multivariate models (p<0.02 for all), with a HR [95% CI] of 1.60 [1.13-2.25] after adjustment for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasma PL cis-C18:1n7 was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality. More studies are needed in different cohorts to verify and validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker).
| | - Fabian A Vogelpohl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Heiner-Fokkema)
| | - Ilse G Pranger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Isidor Minović
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Minović)
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Ineke J Riphagen
- Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands (Dr Riphagen)
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Zhang Q, Lai LY, Cai YY, Wang MJ, Ma G, Qi LW, Xue J, Huang FQ. Serum-Urine Matched Metabolomics for Predicting Progression of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:657073. [PMID: 34055834 PMCID: PMC8149729 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.657073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is a common glomerulonephritis secondary to Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) that affects systemic metabolism. Currently, there is a rarity of biomarkers to predict the progression of HSPN. This work sought to screen metabolic markers to predict the progression of HSPN via serum-urine matched metabolomics. A total of 90 HSPN patients were enrolled, including 46 HSPN (+) patients with severe kidney damage (persistent proteinuria >0.3 g/day) and 44 HSPN (–) patients without obvious symptoms (proteinuria < 0.3 g/day). Untargeted metabolomics was determined by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS). A total of 38 and 50 differential metabolites were, respectively, identified in serum and urine from the comparison between HSPN (+) and HSPN (–) patients. Altered metabolic pathways in HSPN (+) mainly included glycerophospholipid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and citrate cycle. A panel of choline and cis-vaccenic acid gave areas under the curve of 92.69% in serum and 72.43% in urine for differential diagnosis between HSPN (+) and HSPN (–). In addition, the two metabolites showed a significant association with clinical indices of HSPN. These results suggest that serum-urine matched metabolomics comprehensively characterized the metabolic differences between HSPN (+) and HSPN (–), and choline and cis-vaccenic acid could serve as biomarkers to predict HSPN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yun Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cai
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ma-Jie Wang
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Qing Huang
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Harris K, Oshima M, Sattar N, Würtz P, Jun M, Welsh P, Hamet P, Harrap S, Poulter N, Chalmers J, Woodward M. Plasma fatty acids and the risk of vascular disease and mortality outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes: results from the ADVANCE study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1637-1647. [PMID: 32385604 PMCID: PMC7351876 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05162-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS This biomarker study aimed to quantify the association of essential and other plasma fatty acid biomarkers with macrovascular disease, microvascular disease and death in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS A case-cohort study (N = 3576), including 654 macrovascular events, 341 microvascular events and 631 deaths during 5 years of (median) follow-up, was undertaken as a secondary analysis of the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) study (full details of the study design and primary endpoints of the ADVANCE trial and its case-cohort have been published previously). This current study considers new data: fatty acids measured from baseline plasma samples by proton NMR analysis. The fatty acids measured were n-3, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), n-6, linoleic acid, and polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. HRs were modelled per SD higher (percentage) fatty acid. C statistics and continuous net reclassification improvement were used to test the added value of fatty acids compared with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS After adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, an inverse association was observed for n-3 fatty acids and DHA with the risk of macrovascular events (HR [95% CI]: 0.87 [0.80, 0.95] and 0.88 [0.81, 0.96], respectively, per 1 SD higher percentage), and for n-3 fatty acids with the risk of death (HR 0.91 [95% CI 0.84, 0.99] per 1 SD higher percentage). Such associations were also evident when investigating absolute levels of fatty acids. There were no statistically significant associations between any fatty acids and microvascular disease after adjustment. However, there was limited improvement in the predictive ability of models when any fatty acid was added. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Plasma n-3 fatty acids and DHA were found to be inversely associated with macrovascular disease, while n-3 fatty acids were also inversely associated with death. These results support the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids and DHA and further merit testing the role of high-dose supplementation with n-3 fatty acids in individuals with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00145925. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Harris
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 10, King George V Building, 83-117 Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Megumi Oshima
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 10, King George V Building, 83-117 Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Min Jun
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 10, King George V Building, 83-117 Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Paul Welsh
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephen Harrap
- Department of Physiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neil Poulter
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John Chalmers
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 10, King George V Building, 83-117 Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 10, King George V Building, 83-117 Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, 1st Floor, Hayes House, 75 George Street, Oxford, OX1 2BQ, UK.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Predicting Risk for Incident Heart Failure With Omega-3 Fatty Acids: From MESA. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2019; 7:651-661. [PMID: 31302044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine if plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) abundance (%EPA) is associated with reduced hazard for primary heart failure (HF) events in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) trial. BACKGROUND Clinical trials suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) prevent sudden death in coronary heart disease and HF, but this is controversial. In mice, the authors demonstrated that the ω3 PUFA EPA prevents contractile dysfunction and fibrosis in an HF model, but whether this extends to humans is unclear. METHODS In the MESA cohort, the authors tested if plasma phospholipid EPA predicts primary HF incidence, including HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF) (EF <45%) and HF with preserved EF (EF ≥45%) using Cox proportional hazards modeling. RESULTS A total of 6,562 participants 45 to 84 years of age had EPA measured at baseline (1,794 black, 794 Chinese, 1,442 Hispanic, and 2,532 white; 52% women). Over a median follow-up period of 13.0 years, 292 HF events occurred: 128 HF with reduced EF, 110 HF with preserved EF, and 54 with unknown EF status. %EPA in HF-free participants was 0.76% (0.75% to 0.77%) but was lower in participants with HF at 0.69% (0.64% to 0.74%) (p = 0.005). Log %EPA was associated with lower HF incidence (hazard ratio: 0.73 [95% confidence interval: 0.60 to 0.91] per log-unit difference in %EPA; p = 0.001). Adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking, diabetes mellitus, blood pressure, lipids and lipid-lowering drugs, albuminuria, and the lead fatty acid for each cluster did not change this relationship. Sensitivity analyses showed no dependence on HF type. CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma EPA was significantly associated with reduced risk for HF, with both reduced and preserved EF. (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA]; NCT00005487).
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Amaral AJ, Bressan MC, Almeida J, Bettencourt C, Moreira O, Sá J, Gama-Carvalho M, Bessa R, Gama LT. Combining genome-wide association analyses and gene interaction networks to reveal new genes associated with carcass traits, meat quality and fatty acid profiles in pigs. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim OY, Lee SM, An WS. Impact of Blood or Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids for Disease Risk Prediction: Focusing on Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1454. [PMID: 30301276 PMCID: PMC6213250 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are essential nutrients and main constituents of cell membranes that are involved in the signaling pathway and associated with health conditions. We investigated if blood or erythrocyte membrane FAs can predict the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and related complications. Omega-3 (n-3) FAs are important predictors for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, CVD, and CKD risks, and the n-3 index is also a good biomarker for sudden cardiac death in coronary artery disease. Linoleic acid, which is one of the major n-6 FAs reflecting recent dietary FA intake, may predict CVD risk and mortality in the general population and patients with CKD. Monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) are also related to diabetes or diabetic nephropathy. Oleic acid, a major MUFA, is an emerging marker that is related to acute coronary syndrome, low glomerular filtration rate, and vascular calcification in patients with CKD, and can be modified by n-3 FA supplementation. Saturated FAs, trans-FAs, and FA desaturation/elongation are associated with CVD risk; however, few studies have been conducted on patients with CKD. In summary, blood or erythrocyte membrane FA measurements are important for CVD and CKD risk prediction and management. Further studies are needed to elucidate the FAs for their risk predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea.
- Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea.
| | - Su Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Won Suk An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea.
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Turolo S, Edefonti A, Syren ML, Marangoni F, Morello W, Agostoni C, Montini G. Fatty Acids in Nephrotic Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease. J Ren Nutr 2017; 28:145-155. [PMID: 29153556 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of fatty acids (FAs) in inflammation and in the related chronic diseases has been demonstrated. However, there is a lack of consistent and agreed knowledge about the role of FA profile and renal physiology and pathology, most articles focusing on the effect of polyunsaturated FAs supplementation, without considering the impact of basal FA metabolism on the efficacy of the supplementation. Here, we have summarized the specific literature concerning the assessment of circulating FA in 2 renal diseases, namely nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney disease, also under hemodialytic treatment, and have received the most significant contributions in the last years. The effects of changes of FA profile and metabolism and the possible involvement of polyunsaturated FA metabolites in raising and modulating inflammation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Turolo
- Pediatric Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Edefonti
- Pediatric Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marie Louise Syren
- Pediatric Clinic IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - William Morello
- Pediatric Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Clinic IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Clinic IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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9
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Notarnicola M, Caruso MG, Tutino V, Bonfiglio C, Cozzolongo R, Giannuzzi V, De Nunzio V, De Leonardis G, Abbrescia DI, Franco I, Intini V, Mirizzi A, Osella AR. Significant decrease of saturation index in erythrocytes membrane from subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:160. [PMID: 28830448 PMCID: PMC5568099 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lipidomic profiling of erythrocyte membranes is expected to provide a peculiar scenario at molecular level of metabolic and nutritional pathways which may influence the lipid balance and the adaptation and homeostasis of the organism. Considering that lipid accumulation in the cell is important in promoting tissue inflammation, the purpose of this study is to analyze the fatty acid profile in red blood cell membranes of patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), in order to identify and validate membrane profiles possibly associated with the degree of hepatic damage. Methods This work presents data obtained at baseline from 101 subjects that participated to a nutritional trial (registration number: NCT02347696) enrolling consecutive subjects with NAFLD. Diagnosis of liver steatosis was performed by using vibration-controlled elastography implemented on FibroScan. Fatty acids, extracted from phospholipids of erythrocyte membranes, were quantified by gas chromatography method. Results The subjects with severe NAFLD showed a significant decrease of the ratio of stearic acid to oleic acid (saturation index, SI) compared to controls, 1.281 ± 0.31 vs 1.5 ± 0.29, respectively. Low levels of SI in red blood cell membranes, inversely associated with degree of liver damage, suggest that an impairment of circulating cell membrane structure can reflect modifications that take place in the liver. Subjects with severe NAFLDalso showed higher levels of elongase 5 enzymatic activity, evaluated as vaccenic acid to palmitoleic acid ratio. Conclusions Starting from these evidences, our findings show the importance of lipidomic approach in the diagnosis and the staging of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy. .,Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Gabriella Caruso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Tutino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cozzolongo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Giannuzzi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina De Nunzio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela I Abbrescia
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Isabella Franco
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenza Intini
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Mirizzi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto R Osella
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
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Kawabata K, Karahashi M, Sakamoto T, Tsuji Y, Yamazaki T, Okazaki M, Mitsumoto A, Kudo N, Kawashima Y. Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Plays a Key Role in Regulating cis-Palmitoleic Acid Levels in the Liver. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1995-2008. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yukiho Tsuji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Mari Okazaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Naomi Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
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Turkbey EB, Nacif MS, Guo M, McClelland RL, Teixeira PBRP, Bild DE, Barr RG, Shea S, Post W, Burke G, Budoff M, Folsom AR, Liu CY, Lima JA, Bluemke DA. Prevalence and Correlates of Myocardial Scar in a US Cohort. JAMA 2015; 314:1945-54. [PMID: 26547466 PMCID: PMC4774246 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Myocardial scarring leads to cardiac dysfunction and poor prognosis. The prevalence of and factors associated with unrecognized myocardial infarction and scar have not been previously defined using contemporary methods in a multiethnic US population. OBJECTIVE To determine prevalence of and factors associated with myocardial scar in middle- and older-aged individuals in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) study is a population-based cohort in the United States. Participants were aged 45 through 84 years and free of clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline in 2000-2002. In the 10th year examination (2010-2012), 1840 participants underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with gadolinium to detect myocardial scar. Cardiovascular disease risk factors and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were measured at baseline and year 10. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for myocardial scar. EXPOSURES Cardiovascular risk factors, CAC scores, left ventricle size and function, and carotid intima-media thickness. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Myocardial scar detected by CMR imaging. RESULTS Of 1840 participants (mean [SD] age, 68 [9] years, 52% men), 146 (7.9%) had myocardial scars, of which 114 (78%) were undetected by electrocardiogram or by clinical adjudication. In adjusted models, age, male sex, body mass index, hypertension, and current smoking at baseline were associated with myocardial scar at year 10. The OR per 8.9-year increment was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.36-1.91; P < .001); for men vs women: OR, 5.76 (95% CI, 3.61-9.17; P < .001); per 4.8-SD body mass index: OR, 1.32 (95% CI, 1.09-1.61, P = .005); for hypertension: OR, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.12-2.30; P = .009); and for current vs never smokers: 2.00 (95% CI, 1.22-3.28; P = .006). Age-, sex-, and ethnicity-adjusted CAC scores at baseline were also associated with myocardial scar at year 10. Compared with a CAC score of 0, the OR for scores from 1 through 99 was 2.4 (95% CI, 1.5-3.9); from 100 through 399, 3.0 (95% CI, 1.7-5.1), and 400 or higher, 3.3 (95% CI, 1.7-6.1) (P ≤ .001). The CAC score significantly added to the association of myocardial scar with age, sex, race/ethnicity, and traditional CVD risk factors (C statistic, 0.81 with CAC vs 0.79 without CAC, P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of myocardial scars in a US community-based multiethnic cohort was 7.9%, of which 78% were unrecognized by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical consequences of these undetected scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim B. Turkbey
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Maryland, MD
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins
University, Maryland, MD
| | - Marcelo S. Nacif
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Maryland, MD
| | - Mengye Guo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Washington,
WA
| | | | | | - Diane E. Bild
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - R. Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New
York, NY
| | - Steven Shea
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New
York, NY
| | - Wendy Post
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Maryland,
MD
| | - Gregory Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health
Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Aaron R. Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Chia-Ying Liu
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Maryland, MD
| | - João A Lima
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins
University, Maryland, MD
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Maryland,
MD
| | - David A. Bluemke
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Maryland, MD
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins
University, Maryland, MD
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Impact of a Standard Rodent Chow Diet on Tissue n-6 Fatty Acids, Δ9-Desaturation Index, and Plasmalogen Mass in Rats Fed for One Year. Lipids 2015; 50:1069-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-015-4068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Yamazaki T, Kadokura M, Mutoh Y, Sakamoto T, Okazaki M, Mitsumoto A, Kawashima Y, Kudo N. Inducing effect of clofibric acid on stearoyl-CoA desaturase in intestinal mucosa of rats. Lipids 2014; 49:1203-14. [PMID: 25362535 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrates have been reported to elevate the hepatic proportion of oleic acid (18:1n-9) through inducing stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). Despite abundant studies on the regulation of SCD in the liver, little is known about this issue in the small intestine. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of clofibric acid on the fatty acid profile, particularly monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and the SCD expression in intestinal mucosa. Treatment of rats with a diet containing 0.5% (w/w) clofibric acid for 7 days changed the MUFA profile of total lipids in intestinal mucosa; the proportion of 18:1n-9 was significantly increased, whereas those of palmitoleic (16:1n-7) and cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7) acids were not changed. Upon the treatment with clofibric acid, SCD was induced and the gene expression of SCD1, SCD2, and fatty acid elongase (Elovl) 6 was up-regulated, but that of Elovl5 was unaffected. Fat-free diet feeding for 28 days increased the proportions of 16:1n-7 and 18:1n-7, but did not effectively change that of 18:1n-9, in intestinal mucosa. Fat-free diet feeding up-regulated the gene expression of SCD1, but not that of SCD2, Elovl6, or Elovl5. These results indicate that intestinal mucosa significantly changes its MUFA profile in response to challenges by clofibric acid and a fat-free diet and suggest that up-regulation of the gene expression of SCD along with Elovl6 is indispensable to elevate the proportion of 18:1n-9 in intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Yamazaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
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14
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Paunescu AC, Ayotte P, Dewailly E, Dodin S. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid status is associated with bone strength estimated by calcaneal ultrasonography in Inuit women from Nunavik (Canada): a cross-sectional study. J Nutr Health Aging 2014; 18:663-71. [PMID: 25226104 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the status in selected saturated (SFAs) and monounsaturated (MUFAs) fatty acids and the Stiffness Index (SI) in Inuit women from Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada). DESIGN Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING Inuit population from 14 communities who participated to Qanuippitaa? How are we? Nunavik Inuit Health Survey in 2004. PARTICIPANTS 187 Inuit women aged 35-72 years. MEASUREMENTS SI was determined by ultrasonography (Achilles InSight device) at the right calcaneus of participants. SFAs and MUFAs contents of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were measured after transmethylation by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector. Several factors known to be associated with bone strength were concomitantly recorded. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate relations between selected SFAs, MUFAs and SI, taking into consideration several potential confounders and covariates. RESULTS Total SFAs, in particular behenic acid, and cis-vaccenic acid among MUFAs were negatively associated with SI (β = -0.028, SE = 0.011, p = 0.0084; β = -0.060, SE = 0.023, p = 0.0093 and β = -0.087, SE = 0.019, p <0.0001, respectively), whereas total cis-MUFAs and specifically oleic acid were positively associated with SI (β = 0.036, SE = 0.011, p = 0.0008; β = 0.037, SE = 0.011, p = 0.0014, respectively) after adjustment for several covariates. CONCLUSION Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid status is associated with bone strength estimated by calcaneal SI values in Inuit women from Nunavik.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Paunescu
- Pierre Ayotte, Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, 2875 boulevard Laurier, Édifice Delta 2, bureau 600, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2,
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15
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Tanaka S, Kojiguchi C, Yamazaki T, Mitsumoto A, Kobayashi D, Kudo N, Kawashima Y. Altered fatty acid profile in the liver and serum of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats: reduced proportion of cis-vaccenic acid. J Oleo Sci 2014; 62:933-48. [PMID: 24200942 DOI: 10.5650/jos.62.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) are utilized as models for study of the pathogenesis of not only stroke and cardiovascular disorders but also atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Basic information on the profiles of fatty acids and lipid classes in the liver is indispensable to use SHRSP as a model of disorder of lipid metabolism; nevertheless, detailed information on the metabolism of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and fatty acids in the liver of SHRSP is lacking. This study aimed to characterize profiles of lipid classes and fatty acids and to explore the mechanism underlying the characteristic alterations in metabolism of TAGs and fatty acids in the liver of SHRSP, in comparison with spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The characteristic changes observed in SHRSP were (1) markedly lower hepatic TAG contents; (2) altered expressions of genes encoding three enzymes responsible for the control of TAG level, namely, adipose triglyceride lipase (for TAG degradation; up-regulated), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (for fatty acid β-oxidation; up-regulated) and long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (for glycerolipid synthesis; down-regulated); (3) evidently lower contents and proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids, in particular cis-vaccenic acid (18:1n-7), in the liver and serum; and (4) down-regulation of palmitoleoyl-CoA chain elongase, which is necessary for the biosynthesis of 18:1n-7, in the liver. From the above observations, we concluded that there are significant differences in profiles of lipid classes and fatty acids between SHRSP and SHR, and that altered characteristics in SHRSP are likely responsible for increases in TAG hydrolysis and β-oxidation, and decreases in TAG synthesis and 18:1n-7 synthesis.
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