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Repetowski P, Warszyńska M, Kostecka A, Pucelik B, Barzowska A, Emami A, İşci Ü, Dumoulin F, Dąbrowski JM. Synthesis, Photo-Characterizations, and Pre-Clinical Studies on Advanced Cellular and Animal Models of Zinc(II) and Platinum(II) Sulfonyl-Substituted Phthalocyanines for Enhanced Vascular-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:48937-48954. [PMID: 39241197 PMCID: PMC11420872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
Two phthalocyanine derivatives tetra-peripherally substituted with tert-butylsulfonyl groups and coordinating either zinc(II) or platinum(II) ions have been synthesized and subsequently investigated in terms of their optical and photochemical properties, as well as biological activity in cellular, tissue-engineered, and animal models. Our research has revealed that both synthesized phthalocyanines are effective generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PtSO2tBu demonstrated an outstanding ability to generate singlet oxygen (ΦΔ = 0.87-0.99), while ZnSO2tBu in addition to 1O2 (ΦΔ = 0.45-0.48) generated efficiently other ROS, in particular ·OH. Considering future biomedical applications, the affinity of the tested phthalocyanines for biological membranes (partition coefficient; log Pow) and their primary interaction with serum albumin were also determined. To facilitate their biological administration, a water-dispersible formulation of these phthalocyanines was developed using Pluronic triblock copolymers to prevent self-aggregation and improve their delivery to cancer cells and tissues. The results showed a significant increase in cellular uptake and phototoxicity when phthalocyanines were incorporated into the customizable polymeric micelles. Moreover, the improved distribution in the body and photodynamic efficacy of the encapsulated phthalocyanines were investigated in hiPSC-delivered organoids and BALB/c mice bearing CT26 tumors. Both photosensitizers exhibit strong antitumor activity. Notably, vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (V-PDT) led to complete tumor eradication in 84% of ZnSO2tBu and 100% of PtSO2tBu-treated mice, and no recurrence has so far been observed for up to five months after treatment. In the case of PtSO2tBu, the effect was significantly stronger, offering a wider range of light doses suitable for achieving effective PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Repetowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Marta Warszyńska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Anna Kostecka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Małopolska
Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network—Kraków Institute of Technology, Kraków 30-418, Poland
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Małopolska
Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-387, Poland
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network—Kraków Institute of Technology, Kraków 30-418, Poland
| | - Atefeh Emami
- Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Ataşehir, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye
| | - Ümit İşci
- Faculty
of Technology, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Türkiye
| | - Fabienne Dumoulin
- Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Ataşehir, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye
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do Nascimento FB, Ribeiro AO. Investigation of synthetic pathways of carboxylic acid phthalocyanines from glycolic and lactic acids. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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3
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D'Souza S, Ogbodu R, Nyokong T. The effects of gold coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanohexagons on the photophysicochemical properties of the low symmetry zinc phthalocyanine. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Machacek M, Cidlina A, Novakova V, Svec J, Rudolf E, Miletin M, Kučera R, Simunek T, Zimcik P. Far-Red-Absorbing Cationic Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Synthesis and Evaluation of the Photodynamic Anticancer Activity and the Mode of Cell Death Induction. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1736-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5014852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Emil Rudolf
- Department
of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Simkova 870, 500
38 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Bayrak R, Akçay HT, Beriş FŞ, Sahin E, Bayrak H, Demirbaş Ü. Synthesis, aggregation and spectroscopic studies of novel water soluble metal free, zinc, copper and magnesium phthalocyanines and investigation of their anti-bacterial properties. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 133:272-280. [PMID: 24952089 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, novel phthalonitrile derivative (3) was synthesized by the reaction between 4-nitrophthalonitrile (2) and a triazole derivative (1) containing pyridine moiety. Crystal structure of compound (3) was characterized by X-ray diffraction. New metal free and metallo-phthalocyanine complexes (Zn, Cu, and Mg) were synthesized using the phthalonitrile derivative (3). Cationic derivatives of these phthalocyanines (5, 7, 9, and 11) were prepared from the non-ionic phthalocyanines (4, 6, 8, and 10). All proposed structures were supported by instrumental methods. The aggregation behaviors of the phthalocyanines (4-11) were investigated in different solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), chloroform and water. Water soluble cationic Pcs (5, 7, 9, and 11) aggregated in water and sodium dodecyl sulfate was used to prevent the aggregation. The second derivatives of the UV-Vis spectra of aggregated Pcs were used for analyzing the Q and B bands of aggregated species. Thermal behaviors of the phthalocyanines were also studied. In addition, anti-bacterial properties of the phthalocyanines were investigated. We used four gram negative and two gram positive bacteria to determine antibacterial activity of these compounds. Compound 7 has the best activity against the all bacteria with 125μg/mL of MIC value. Compounds 4, 6, and 10 have the similar effect on the bacteria with 250μg/mL of MIC value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rıza Bayrak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, 57000 Sinop, Turkey.
| | - Hakkı Türker Akçay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Fatih Şaban Beriş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Ertan Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 2524 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hacer Bayrak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61100 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ümit Demirbaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61100 Trabzon, Turkey
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Spectral properties and photophysical behaviour of water soluble cationic Mg(II) and Al(III) phthalocyanines. OPEN CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-013-0388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPeripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted-[(N-methyl-2-pyridylthio)]phthalocyaninato magnesium (II) (5 and 6) and chloro aluminium (III) (7 and 8) tetraiodide have been synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of the complexes in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and aqueous medium in the presence and absence of cremophore EL have been studied. These complexes show high solubility in aqueous medium though they were aggregated. The triplet state quantum yields (FT) and the triplet lifetimes (tT) were found to be higher in DMSO with ΦT ranging from 0.32 to 0.51, while tT ranged from 282 to 622 ms in DMSO, compared to aqueous medium (pH 7.4 buffer) where ΦT ranged from 0.15 to 0.19 and tT from 26 to 35 ms. Addition of cremophore EL in aqueous solution resulted in partial disaggregation and increased photoactivity. The fluorescence lifetimes of the complexes showed strong dependence on their immediate environment. The ionic magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) phthalocyanines strongly bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA).
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Masilela N, Antunes E, Nyokong T. Axial coordination of zinc and silicon phthalocyanines to silver and gold nanoparticles: an investigation of their photophysicochemical and antimicrobial behavior. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613500016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the axial coordination of zinc phthalocyanine and bis-(1,6-hexanedithiol) silicon phthalocyanine to silver and gold nanoparticles. Red shifting of absorption spectra of the phthalocyanine complexes was observed after conjugation with the nanoparticles. An improvement in the photophysicochemical behavior and antimicrobial activity was achieved in the presence of metal nanoparticles for both complexes. A decrease in triplet lifetimes was observed for all the phthalocyanine metal nanoparticle conjugates. The Zn phthalocyanine complex gave the highest triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yield in the presence of gold nanoparticles. On the other hand, the bacterial inhibition was found to be best for the Si phthalocyanine derivative in the presence of nanoparticles compared to the Zn phthalocyanine counterpart. The highest antimicrobial activity was achieved for both conjugates against B. subtilis compared to S. aureaus both in the dark and under illumination with light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edith Antunes
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Synthesis and photophysicochemical properties of novel zinc phthalocyanines mono substituted with carboxyl containing functional groups. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Mthethwa TP, Arslanoglu Y, Antunes E, Nyokong T. Photophysical behaviour of cationic 2-(dimethylamino) ethanethio tetrasubstituted phthalocyanine complexes in the presence of gold nanoparticles. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Femtosecond studies of the excited-state dynamics of ester-alkyloxy substituted zinc phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Burat AK, Koca A, Lewtak JP, Gryko DT. Synthesis, physicochemical properties and electrochemistry of morpholine-substituted phthalocyanines. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461000246x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of new phthalocyanines bearing four morpholine and four chloro units is reported. Two-step synthesis involved efficient nucleophilic substitution of 4,5-dichlorophthalonitrile as the key step. The free-base phthalocyanine and its several complexes have been characterized using UV-vis, IR, 1H NMR , 13C NMR and mass spectroscopic data. Voltammetric and spectroelectrochemical studies show that while cobalt phthalocyanine gives both metal- and ring-based, diffusion-controlled, multi-electron and reversible/quasi-reversible redox processes, other complexes give ring-based, multi-electron and reversible/quasi-reversible redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer K. Burat
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, TR34469, Turkey
| | - Atıf Koca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, TR34722, Turkey
| | - Jan P. Lewtak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
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12
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Synthesis, crystal structures and biological evaluation of water-soluble zinc complexes of zwitterionic carboxylates. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Maduray K, Karsten A, Odhav B, Nyokong T. In vitro toxicity testing of zinc tetrasulfophthalocyanines in fibroblast and keratinocyte cells for the treatment of melanoma cancer by photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 103:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Al-Shuja’a OM, Obeid AO, El-Shekeil AG. Spectral, Thermal and DC Electrical Conductivity of Charge Transfer Complex Formed Between 5,7-Dimethyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo [1,2-α]pyrazol-4-ium-3-olate and Iodine. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2011.562465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Dumoulin F, Durmuş M, Ahsen V, Nyokong T. Synthetic pathways to water-soluble phthalocyanines and close analogs. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Akinbulu IA, Nyokong T. The effects of point of substitution on the electrochemical behavior of new manganese phthalocyanines, tetra-substituted with diethylaminoethanethiol. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Spesia MB, Rovera M, Durantini EN. Photodynamic inactivation of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mitis by cationic zinc(II) phthalocyanines in media with blood derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2198-205. [PMID: 20153568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mitis sensitized by cationic phthalocyanines was studied in different media containing blood derivatives. First, the activity of zinc(II) tetramethyltetrapyridino[3,4-b:3',4'-g:3'',4''-l:3''',4'''-q]porphyrazinium (ZnAPc4+), zinc(II) 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]phthalocyanine (ZnPPc4+) and zinc(II) 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[2-(N,N,N-trimethylamino)ethoxy]phthalocyanine (ZnEPc4+) were compared to photoinactivate these bacteria in saline solutions. After visible light irradiation, a higher photoinactivation of E. coli cells was found for ZnPPc4+, while ZnEPc4+ was the more effective sensitizer to eradicate S. mitis cells. In the presence of human red blood (HRB) cells, two aspects were analyzed: the photohemolysis induced by these cationic phthalocyanines and the PDI of bacteria in medium containing erythrocytes. The highest photohemolytic damage was produced by ZnPPc4+, which can be avoided using azida ion as photoprotective quencher. In both bacteria, the photoinactivation is possible in presence of HRB cells. Mainly, ZnEPc4+ is effective to photoinactivate S. mitis with a low hemolysis of erythrocytes. However, inactivation of E. coli by ZnPPc4+ decreases in medium with HRB cells, further when azide ion is added to avoid hemolysis. The presence of plasma considerable reduces the photocytotoxic effect, which mainly affects the eradication of E. coli. However, the PDI of S. mitis by ZnEPc4+ is even possible in presence of blood derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B Spesia
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro. 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Idowu M, Nyokong T. Spectroscopic behavior of cationic metallophthalocyanines in the presence of anionic quantum dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 75:411-416. [PMID: 19945910 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The interactions and spectroscopic properties between cationic zinc phthalocyanine derivatives (peripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted and peripherally octa substituted with 2-diethylmethylaminoethylsulfanyl (betaTZnPc, alphaTZnPc and betaOZnPc)) and CdTe core quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptopropionic acid or thioglycolic acid (represented as CdTe@MPA and CdTe@TGA, respectively) have been studied in methanol:water mixture. Strong coupling of MPcs was deduced from the interaction since the UV-vis spectroscopic studies of the ground state complex formed on mixing both components showed loss of the phthalocyanine monomeric band with the formation of a dimeric band (spectrum of aggregated species). The dimerization constants were of the order of 10(4)M(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mopelola Idowu
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Carvalho EF, Calvete MJ, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JA. Synthesis of sulfonamide-substituted phthalocyanines. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of manganese, nickel and iron octakis-(2-diethylaminoethanethiol)-phthalocyanine. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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