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Zheng J, Zhang X, Liu D, Zhang L, Guo Y, Liu W, Zhao S, Li L. Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression in EPDM Rubber Using Sepiolite-Based Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2281. [PMID: 39204501 PMCID: PMC11359910 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The burning of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber generates substantial smoke, posing a severe threat to the environment and personal safety. Considering the growing emphasis on safety and environmental protection, conventional non-smoke-suppressing flame retardants no longer satisfy the present application requirements. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a novel flame retardant capable of suppressing smoke formation while providing flame retardancy. Sepiolite (SEP), a porous silicate clay mineral abundant in silica and magnesium, exhibits notable advantages in the realm of flame retardancy and smoke suppression. This research focuses on the synthesis of two highly efficient flame-retardant smoke suppression systems, namely AEGS and PEGS, using Enteromorpha (EN), graphene (GE), sepiolite (SEP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and/or piperazine pyrophosphate (PPAP). The studied flame-retardant systems were then applied to EPDM rubber and the flame-retardant and smoke suppression abilities of EPDM/AEGS and EPDM/PEGS composites were compared. The findings indicate that the porous structure of sepiolite plays a significant role in reducing smoke emissions for EPDM composites during combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Zheng
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Dawei Liu
- Rike Chemical Co., Ltd., Weifang 262400, China; (D.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Rike Chemical Co., Ltd., Weifang 262400, China; (D.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuxia Guo
- Rike Chemical Co., Ltd., Weifang 262400, China; (D.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Lin Li
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
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Szeptyński P, Pochopień JG, Jasińska D, Kwiecień A. The Influence of the Flexibility of a Polymeric Adhesive Layer on the Mechanical Response of a Composite Reinforced Concrete Slab and a Reinforced Concrete Beam Girder. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:444. [PMID: 38337333 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study addresses the challenges of modeling flexible connections in composite structures employing a polymeric adhesive layer. These types of connections provide a more uniform stress distribution compared to conventional rigid connectors. However, they lack standardized design rules and still require much research to sufficiently comprehend their properties. The novelty of this research lies in proposing an analytical solution to address these issues. Its aim is to investigate the influence of the stiffness of the polymer adhesive on the girder's deflection and on the maximum stresses in both the adhesive and concrete. The analyzed composite structure consists of a reinforced concrete (RC) slab and an RC beam connected with a layer of flexible polyurethane (FPU) adhesive. Analytical and numerical approaches for the description of the mechanical response of a composite bridge girder are presented. Another objective is to validate the analytical design formulas using 3D nonlinear numerical analysis, both in the case of uncracked and cracked concrete. Seven types of FPUs are tested in the uniaxial tension test, each examined at five strain rates. The obtained data is used to predict the mechanical response of the considered girder using finite element analysis (FEA) as well as with a simplified one-dimensional composite beam theory. Fair agreement is found between the FEA results and theoretical predictions. A comparison of the results obtained for these two models is performed, and the similarities and discrepancies are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Szeptyński
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Jasińska
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Kwiecień
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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Fan B, Yang J, Cao L, Wang X, Li J, Yang Y, Wang Q, Zhang P, Vogel F, Li W, Lin Z. Revealing the Impact of Micro-SiO 2 Filer Content on the Anti-Corrosion Performance of Water-Borne Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3273. [PMID: 37571168 PMCID: PMC10422263 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to green development in recent years, water-borne epoxy resins (WBE) have become increasingly popular since they generate the lowest level of volatile organic compounds (VOC) during curing. However, because of the large surface tension of water, it is easy to produce voids and cracks during the curing process of the coating. An electrochemical strategy was used in this study to assess the impact of different SiO2 content on the corrosion performance of a WBE coating, in which micron spherical SiO2 particles were synthesized in a liquid phase reduction. The results showed that the synthesized micron spherical SiO2 particles were about 800 ± 50 nm in diameter and in an amorphous state. By hydrophilizing the surfaces of these SiO2 particles, uniform dispersion in an aqueous solvent and a WBE can be achieved. It is important to note that adding a small or excessive amount of SiO2 to a coating will not improve corrosion resistance and may even reduce corrosion resistance. With the appropriate modification of SiO2, corrosion resistance of composite coatings is greatly enhanced, as is the adhesion between the coatings and the metallic substrates. Because the appropriately modified SiO2 can effectively fill the pores that are formed during the curing process, a corrosive medium is less likely to react with the matrix when the medium comes into contact with the matrix. Based on their incorporation content of 3 wt.%, their corrosion resistance is the best after 16 cycles of AC-DC-AC accelerated corrosion tests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (B.F.); (J.Y.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
| | | | | | - Zhidan Lin
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (B.F.); (J.Y.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
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Li Q, Yuan M, Chen Y, Jin X, Shangguan J, Cui J, Chang S, Guo M, Wang Y. The neglected potential source of microplastics from daily necessities: A study on protective mobile phone cases. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129911. [PMID: 36103764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a serious global environment problem. It is therefore of practical significance to investigate the MP pollution caused by using plastic materials on a daily basis. In this study, different protective mobile phone cases (PMPCs) were selected as a representative plastic commodity that are in contact with the human body for long periods to explore the generation and transportation of MPs during 3 months of actual use. The average abundances were 1122 particles cm-2 on the PMPC and 314 particles cm-2 on the palm, respectively. There were four main kinds of MPs produced during the use of different PMPCs, which indicated that waste plastics may be recycled and used as raw materials, resulting in a complex PMPC composition. The median sizes of MPs on the surfaces of PMPCs and palms were 28 and 32 µm, respectively, which were smaller than the sizes reported in other studies. The combined effect of ultraviolet ageing and friction was the main reason for MP generation during daily PMPC use. Based on the results of a fitted regression equation and Monte Carlo simulation, the sharply generation of MPs may occur when PMPC was used for approximately 33 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinjie Jin
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jingfang Shangguan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
| | - Jinle Cui
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shixiang Chang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Mengran Guo
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Muhammed Raji A, Hambali HU, Khan ZI, Binti Mohamad Z, Azman H, Ogabi R. Emerging trends in flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foam and its composites: A review. J CELL PLAST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x221144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the superior thermal insulating attributes of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) compared to other insulating materials (expanded and extruded polystyrene, mineral wool), it remains the most dominant insulating material and most studied polymer foam. Like other polyurethane foam, RPUF is highly flammable, necessitating the incorporation of flame retardants (FR) during production to lower combustibility, promoting its continuous use as insulation material in construction, transportation, and others. The popular approaches for correcting the high flammability of RPUF are copolymerization and blending (with FR). The second method has proven to be most effective as there are limited trade-offs in RPUF properties. Meanwhile, the high flammability of RPUF is still a significant hindrance in emerging applications (sensors, space travel, and others), and this has continuously inspired research in the flame retardancy of RPUF. In this study, properties, and preparation methods of RPUF are described, factors responsible for the high flammability of PUF are discussed, and flame retardancy of RPUF is thoroughly reviewed. Notably, most FR for RPUF are inorganic nanoparticles, lignin, intumescent FR systems of expandable graphite (EG), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and hybridized APP or EG with other FR. These could be due to their ease of processing, low cost, and being environmentally benign. Elaborate discussion on RPUF FR mechanisms were also highlighted. Lastly, a summary and future perspectives in fireproofing RPUF are provided, which could inspire the design of new FR for RPUF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwasiu Muhammed Raji
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
- Department of Polymer and Textile Technology, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Hambali Umar Hambali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Zahid Iqbal Khan
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Binti Mohamad
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Azman
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Raphael Ogabi
- INSA Center Val de Loire, University Orleans, Bourges, France
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Ghorbel N, ben Ayed E, Kallel A, Boufi S. Interfacial dynamics analysis in starch nanocrystal/ poly (butyl methacrylate) nanocomposites: Impact of the reinforcement’s functionalization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Characterization and Properties of Water-Blown Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with Silane-Modified Nanosepiolites Functionalized with Graphite. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15010381. [PMID: 35009524 PMCID: PMC8746287 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a promising flame retardant consisting of 80 wt% silane-modified nanosepiolites functionalized with 20 wt% graphite (SFG) is used to obtain a synergistic effect principally focussed on the thermal stability of water-blown rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams. Density, microcellular structure, thermal stability and thermal conductivity are examined for RPU foams reinforced with different contents of SFG (0, as reference material, 2, 4 and 6 wt%). The sample with 6 wt% SFG presents a slightly thermal stability improvement, although its cellular structure is deteriorated in comparison with the reference material. Furthermore, the influence of SFG particles on chemical reactions during the foaming process is studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The information obtained from the chemical reactions and from isocyanate consumption is used to optimize the formulation of the foam with 6 wt% SFG. Additionally, in order to determine the effects of functionalization on SFG, foams containing only silane-modified nanosepiolites, only graphite, or silane-modified nanosepiolites and graphite added separately are studied here as well. In conclusion, the inclusion of SFG in RPU foams allows the best performance to be achieved.
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Effect of Sepiolite-Loaded Fe2O3 on Flame Retardancy of Waterborne Polyurethane. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/3596591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a kind of inorganic composite flame retardant (Sep@Fe2O3) was prepared by combining solution deposition and calcination methods using sepiolite microfiber material as carrier. This inorganic compound flame retardant was combined with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) through layer-by-layer method to prepare WPU composites. The SEM and EDS, TEM, and XRD were used to characterize the microscopic morphology and crystal structure of WPU composites. Thermogravimetric analysis tests confirmed the good thermal stability of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites; at the temperature of 600°C, the carbon residual percentage of WPU/Sep, WPU/Fe2O3, and WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites is 7.3%, 12.2%, and 13.4%, respectively, higher than that of WPU (1.4%). Vertical combustion tests proved better flame-retardant property of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composite-coated cotton than noncoated cotton. The microcalorimeter test proved that the PHRR of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites decreased by 61% compared with that of WPU. In addition, after combining with Sep@Fe2O3, the breaking strength of WPU increased by 35%.
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Merillas B, Villafañe F, Rodríguez-Pérez MÁ. Nanoparticles Addition in PU Foams: The Dramatic Effect of Trapped-Air on Nucleation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172952. [PMID: 34502991 PMCID: PMC8433816 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the effect of nanoclays and trapped air on the formation of rigid polyurethane foams, three different production procedures were used. To study the influence of mixing at atmospheric pressure, two approaches were carried out employing either an electric or a magnetic stirrer. The third approach was executed by mixing under vacuum conditions with magnetic stirring. The samples thus obtained were characterized, and the effect of trapped air into the reactive mixtures was evaluated by analyzing the cellular structures. Different levels of trapped air were achieved when employing each manufacturing method. A correlation between the trapped air and the increase in the nucleation density when nanoclays were added was found: the cell nucleation density increased by 1.54 and 1.25 times under atmospheric conditions with electric and magnetic stirring, respectively. Nevertheless, samples fabricated without the presence of air did not show any nucleating effect despite the nanoclay addition (ratio of 1.09). This result suggests that the inclusion of air into the components is key for improving nucleation and that this effect is more pronounced when the polyol viscosity increases due to nanoclay addition. This is the most important feature determining the nucleating effect and, therefore, the corresponding cell size decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Merillas
- Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando Villafañe
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Faculty of Science, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- BioEcoUVA Research Institute on Bioeconomy, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Durability of PS-Polyurethane Dedicated for Composite Strengthening Applications in Masonry and Concrete Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122830. [PMID: 33260747 PMCID: PMC7760741 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane flexible joints (PUFJ) and fiber reinforced polyurethanes (FRPU) have shown great potential in the repair and protection of masonry and concrete structures. However, some questions have been raised about the durability of such solutions. The accelerated weathering and thermal stability tests carried out so far have shown the mechanical stability of PS-polyurethane in temperatures up to 100 °C and some UV-induced surface degradation. The paper reports the results from tensile tests of PS-polyurethane, used in the technologies mentioned above after being subjected to aging in different corrosive factors, a thermal analysis of unaged polymer which consists of DSC-TGA and dilatometry studies, and SEM-microscopy observation of the specimens with the indication of the elemental composition (EDS). PS-polyurethane showed low sensitivity to weathering with exposition to UV-radiation, some reactiveness to aqueous environments of a different chemical nature, and resistivity to soil and freezing in both air and water. SEM observations indicated changes in the composition of mineral fillers as the main effect of immersion in different water solutions. DSC-TGA studies showed the thermal stability of PS-polyurethane up to 200 °C and degradation proceeding in five stages. Dilatometry studies revealed that the first-degree thermal degradation over 200 °C causes a serious loss of mechanical properties.
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Xiang C, Chen H, Wang W, Dai Q, Liu Z, Yang B, Zhou Y, Zhou Y. Transparency‐tunable and moderate‐temperature healable thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer based on bisphenol A chain‐extender. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology Hubei Normal University Huangshi China
| | - Wanwan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qiaoli Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Clean Production Wuhan Textile University Wuhan China
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Molina GA, Elizalde-Mata A, Hernández-Martínez ÁR, Fonseca G, Cruz Soto M, Rodríguez-Morales ÁL, Estevez M. Synthesis and Characterization of Inulin-Based Responsive Polyurethanes for Breast Cancer Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040865. [PMID: 32283702 PMCID: PMC7240393 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, new polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared by using inulin and polycaprolactone as polyols. Their structure and morphology were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman dispersive spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas their mechanical properties were evaluated by a universal testing machine. Additionally, their water uptake, swelling behavior, and degradation were evaluated to be used as drug delivery carriers. Therefore, an anti-cancer drug was loaded to these PUs with 25% of loading efficiency and its release behavior was studied using different theoretical models to unveil its mechanism. Finally, the ability of the new PUs to be used as a clip marker in breast biopsy was evaluated. The results clearly demonstrate that these PUs are safe and can be used as intelligent drug release matrices for targeted drug delivery and exhibits positive results to be used for clip marker and in general for breast cancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A. Molina
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (G.A.M.); (A.E.-M.)
| | - Alberto Elizalde-Mata
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (G.A.M.); (A.E.-M.)
| | - Ángel R. Hernández-Martínez
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (Á.R.H.-M.); (G.F.); (Á.L.R.-M.)
| | - Gerardo Fonseca
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (Á.R.H.-M.); (G.F.); (Á.L.R.-M.)
| | - Martha Cruz Soto
- Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Querétaro, Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico;
| | - Ángel Luis Rodríguez-Morales
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (Á.R.H.-M.); (G.F.); (Á.L.R.-M.)
| | - Miriam Estevez
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3000, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (Á.R.H.-M.); (G.F.); (Á.L.R.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Yang Z, Feng X, Xu M, Rodrigue D. Properties of Poplar Fiber/PLA Composites: Comparison on the Effect of Maleic Anhydride and KH550 Modification of Poplar Fiber. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E729. [PMID: 32214013 PMCID: PMC7183052 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the interfacial adhesion and dispersion of a poplar fiber in a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix, maleic anhydride (MA) and a silane coupling agent (KH550) were used to modify the poplar fiber. The poplar fiber/PLA composites were produced with different modifier contents. The mechanical, thermal, rheological, and physical properties of composites were investigated. A comparison of different natural fiber modifications on the properties of composites was also analyzed. The results showed that both MA and KH550 could improve the interfacial adhesion between the poplar fiber and PLA, resulting in the enhanced mechanical properties of the composite, with 17% and 23% increases of tensile strength for 0.5% MA and 2% KH550, respectively. The thermal properties of the composites were improved at 6% KH550 (a 9% enhancement of T90%) and decreased at 0.5% MA (a 6% decrement of T90%). The wettability of the composites obtained a 11.3% improvement at 4% KH550 and a 5% reduction at 4% MA. Therefore, factors such as mechanical properties, economic efficiency, and durability should be carefully considered when choosing the modifier to improve the property of the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhe Yang
- Institute of Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Xinhao Feng
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China;
| | - Denis Rodrigue
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering, University of Laval, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada;
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Wang J, Zhao D, Liu Z, Chen H, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Zhu B. Effects of biomass diatom frustule on structure and properties of polyurethane elastomer. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, National Engineering, Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Clean ProductionWuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
| | - Bailin Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Faculty of Materials and MetallurgyWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
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15
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Preparation and characterization of biodegradable polyurethane composites containing oyster shell powder. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Synthesis and Characterization of Clay Polymer Nanocomposites of P(4VP -co-AAm) and Their Application for the Removal of Atrazine. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040721. [PMID: 31010255 PMCID: PMC6523896 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is an herbicide which is applied to the soil, and its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of photosynthesis. One of its main functions is to control the appearance of weeds in crops, primarily in corn, sorghum, sugar cane, and wheat; however, it is very toxic for numerous species, including humans. Therefore, this work deals with the adsorption of ATZ from aqueous solutions using nanocomposite materials, synthesized with two different types of organo-modified clays. Those were obtained by the free radical polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and acrylamide (AAm) in different stoichiometric ratios, using tetrabutylphosphonium persulfate (TBPPS) as a radical initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as cross-linking agent. The structural, morphological, and textural characteristics of clays, copolymers, and nanocomposites were determined through different analytical and instrumental techniques, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Adsorption kinetics experiments of ATZ were determined with the modified and synthesized materials, and the effect of the ratio between 4VP and AAm moieties on the removal capacities of the obtained nanocomposites was evaluated. Finally, from these sets of experiments, it was demonstrated that the synthesized nanocomposites with higher molar fractions of 4VP obtained the highest removal percentages of ATZ.
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17
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Xie F, Zhang T, Bryant P, Kurusingal V, Colwell JM, Laycock B. Degradation and stabilization of polyurethane elastomers. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Zaini NAM, Ismail H, Rusli A. Tensile, thermal, flammability and morphological properties of sepiolite filled ethylene propylene diene monomer (EDPM) rubber composites. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-018-0609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Sun JT, Wang CC, Lee HT, Wu CL, Gu JH, Suen MC. Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Nanosilver-Doped Activated Carbon Nanocomposite. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x18010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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In Situ Polymerization and Characteristics of Biodegradable Waterborne Thermally-Treated Attapulgite Nanorods and Polyurethane Composites. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-017-0679-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Li Y, Zhu Z, Wang X. Synthesis and thermal properties of organically modified palygorskite/fluorinated polyurethane nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Material Science & Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- School of Material Science & Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Material Science & Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
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Wu CL, Tsou CY, Tseng YC, Lee HT, Suen MC, Gu JH, Tsou CH, Chiu SH. Preparation and characterization of biodegradable polyurethanes composites filled with silver nanoparticles-decorated graphene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Ruiz-Hitzky E, Darder M, Alcântara ACS, Wicklein B, Aranda P. Functional Nanocomposites Based on Fibrous Clays. FUNCTIONAL POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH NANOCLAYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782626725-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This chapter is focused on functional nanocomposites based on the use of the microfibrous clays sepiolite and palygorskite as efficient fillers for diverse types of polymer matrices, from typical thermoplastics to biopolymers. The main features that govern the interaction between the silicates and the polymer matrix are discussed. The introduction addresses the structural and textural features of the fibrous silicates, as well as the possible synthetic approaches to increase the compatibility of these nanofillers with the polymeric matrix. Additionally, these clays can be easily functionalized through their surface silanol groups based on chemical reactions or by anchoring of nanoparticles. This allows for the preparation of a wide variety of functional polymer–clay nanocomposites. Thereafter, some relevant examples of nanocomposites derived from conventional polymers are reported, as well as of those based on polymers that exhibit electrical conductivity. Lastly, selected works employing sepiolite or palygorskite as fillers in polymeric matrixes of natural origin are discussed, showing the wide application of these resulting nanocomposites as bioplastics, as well as in biomedicine, environmental remediation and the development of sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Margarita Darder
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Ana C. S. Alcântara
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Departamento de Química (DEQUI) São Luís-MA Brazil
| | - Bernd Wicklein
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
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24
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Melt grafting of sepiolite nanoclay onto poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) by reactive extrusion with multi-functional epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Song Z, Liu L, Wang X, Deng Y, Nian Q, Wang G, Zhu S, Li X, Zhou H, Jiang T, Xu X, Tang R, Qin C. Intracellular delivery of biomineralized monoclonal antibodies to combat viral infection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1879-82. [PMID: 26672485 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are invalid for intracellular viruses but by using in situ biomineralization treatment, they can be successfully delivered into cells to inhibit intracellular viral replication. This achievement significantly expands the applications of mAbs and provides a new intracellular strategy to control viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Song
- Center for Biomaterials and Bioparthways Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China. and Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Deng
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.
| | - Qinggong Nian
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.
| | - Guangchuan Wang
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shunya Zhu
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hangyu Zhou
- Center for Biomaterials and Bioparthways Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China. and Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xurong Xu
- Center for Biomaterials and Bioparthways Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China. and Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Center for Biomaterials and Bioparthways Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China. and Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chengfeng Qin
- Department of Virology, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China. and Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
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26
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Preparation and characterization of biodegradable polyurethanes composites containing thermally treated attapulgite nanorods. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Lee HT, Tsou CH, Li CL, Gu JH, Wu CL, Hwang JJ, Suen MC. Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Polyurethane Composites Containing Attapulgite Nanorods. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Tsing Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Vanung University; Jongli Taoyuan 32061 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Chi-Hui Tsou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 10607 Taiwan R. O. C
- Department of Materials and Textiles; Oriental Institute of Technology; Pan-Chiao 22064 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Chi-Lan Li
- Graduate School of Materials Applied Technology; Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology; Jongli Taoyuan 32091 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Jia-Hao Gu
- Graduate School of Materials Applied Technology; Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology; Jongli Taoyuan 32091 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Cheng-Lung Wu
- Graduate School of Materials Applied Technology; Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology; Jongli Taoyuan 32091 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Jiunn-Jer Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Army Academy; Jongli Taoyuan 32092 Taiwan R. O. C
| | - Maw-Cherng Suen
- Department of Creative Fashion Design; Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology; Jongli Taoyuan 32091 Taiwan R. O. C
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Oroujzadeh M, Mehdipour-Ataei S, Esfandeh M. Microphase separated sepiolite-based nanocomposite blends of fully sulfonated poly(ether ketone)/non-sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) as proton exchange membranes from dual electrospun mats. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12335f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nanocomposite blends of fully sulfonated poly(ether ketone) (PEK) and non-sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (PES) were prepared from a dual electrospinning process.
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30
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Ruiz-Hitzky E, Darder M, Alcântara ACS, Wicklein B, Aranda P. Recent Advances on Fibrous Clay-Based Nanocomposites. ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID NANOMATERIALS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2014_283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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31
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Alateyah AI, Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY. Processing, Properties, and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Layer Silicates: A Review. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. I. Alateyah
- Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
| | - H. N. Dhakal
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
| | - Z. Y. Zhang
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
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32
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Wang J, Wang D, Zhang G, Guo Y, Liu J. Adsorption of rhodamine B from aqueous solution onto heat-activated sepiolite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11859-013-0918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Wu J, Yan H, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhou C. Flame retardant polyurethane elastomer nanocomposite applied to coal mines as air-leak sealant. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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