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Jiang Q, Li P, Wang B, She JH, Liu Y, Zhu P. Inorganic-organic hybrid coatings from tea polyphenols and laponite to improve the fire safety of flexible polyurethane foams. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Abrishamkar S, Mohammadi A, De La Vega J, Wang DY, Kalali EN. Layer-by-layer assembly of calixarene modified GO and LDH nanostructures on flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and dye adsorption behavior of flexible polyurethane foams. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Liu BW, Zhao HB, Wang YZ. Advanced Flame-Retardant Methods for Polymeric Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107905. [PMID: 34837231 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most organic polymeric materials have high flammability, for which the large amounts of smoke, toxic gases, heat, and melt drips produced during their burning cause immeasurable damages to human life and property every year. Despite some desirable results having been achieved by conventional flame-retardant methods, their application is encountering more and more difficulties with the ever-increasing high flame-retardant requirements such as high flame-retardant efficiency, great persistence, low release of heat, smoke, and toxic gases, and more importantly not deteriorating or even enhancing the overall properties of polymers. Under such condition, some advanced flame-retardant methods have been developed in the past years based on "all-in-one" intumescence, nanotechnology, in situ reinforcement, intrinsic char formation, plasma treatment, biomimetic coatings, etc., which have provided potential solutions to the dilemma of conventional flame-retardant methods. This review briefly outlines the development, application, and problems of conventional flame-retardant methods, including bulk-additive, bulk-copolymerization, and surface treatment, and focuses on the raise, development, and potential application of advanced flame-retardant methods. The future development of flame-retardant methods is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Liu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhao
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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4
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Khaidir REM, Nordin NA, Mazlan SA, Abd Rahman H, Ubaidillah, Abdul Aziz SA, Nazmi N. Stiffness enhancement of magnetorheological foam by structural modification using silica nanoparticles additive. FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS 2022; 9. [DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2022.959489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) foam is a newly developed porous smart material that is able to change its properties continuously, actively, and reversibly in response to controllable external magnetic stimuli. Unfortunately, the stiffness or also known as storage modulus of MR foam is still rather low and insufficient, in the range of below 100 kPa only, due to weak interparticle interaction between CIPs and the foam matrix, which consequently restricts the potential of MR foam to be used in future sensor applications or in other semi-active devices. Therefore, the aim of this research is to enhance the structural and storage modulus of MR foam by adding silica nanoparticles as an additive. Consequently, MR foam samples with different compositions of silica nanoparticles in the range of 0–5 wt% were prepared via an in situ method. The rheological properties were tested under an oscillatory shear mode with the absence and presence of magnetic fields using a rheometer, with the input parameters of strains between 0.001% and 10% and range of magnetic flux density between 0 and 0.73 T for a magnetic field sweep test. The rheological findings show that with the addition of silica nanoparticles, particularly at 4 wt%, have enhanced the storage modulus of MR foam by 260%, which attributed to the highest stiffness from 45 to 162 kPa. Meanwhile, the change of storage modulus under the influence of magnetic fields (0 T–0.73 T) somehow showed small increment, about ∆1 kPa for each concentration of silica nanoparticles in MR foams, due to non-magnetic behavior of silica. The morphological characteristics of MR foams were described by an elemental analysis carried out by a using variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VPSEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The micrographs demonstrated large open-cell pores for MR foam, while MR foam with silica nanoparticles exhibited more closed-cell pores, associated with the enhancement of its storage modulus. It indicates that the silica nanoparticles have encouraged well dispersion of the particles in the foam matrix, which improved and strengthened the microstructure of MR foams through formation of silane coupling bonds of silica in the filler-matrix structure. Overall, incorporation of silica nanoparticles as an additive in the MR foam could provide advantage in enhancing the structure and mechanical properties of MR foam, for various future smart devices.
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Jiang Q, Li P, Liu Y, Zhu P. Phytic Acid-Iron/Laponite Coatings for Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Antidripping and Mechanical Properties of Flexible Polyurethane Foam. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169145. [PMID: 36012407 PMCID: PMC9408875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is severely limited due to its flammability and dripping, which can easily cause major fire hazards. Therefore, choosing an appropriate flame retardant to solve this problem is an urgent need. A coating was prepared on the FPUF surface by dipping with phytic acid (PA), Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O, and laponite (LAP). The influence of PA-Fe/LAP coating on FPUF flame-retardant performance was explored by thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion behavior, and smoke density analysis. FPUF/PA-Fe/LAP has a good performance in the small fire test, which can pass the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index reaches 24.5%. Meanwhile, the peak heat release rate values and maximum smoke density of FPUF/PA-Fe/LAP are reduced by 38.7% and 38.5% compared with those of neat FPUF. After applying PA-Fe/LAP coating, the value of fire growth rate index decreases from 10.5 kW/(m2·s) to 5.1 kW/(m2·s), dramatically reducing the fire risk. Encouragingly, the effect of PA-Fe/LAP coating on cyclic compression and permanent deformation is small, which is close to that of neat FPUF. This work provides an effective strategy for making a flame-retardant FPUF with antidripping and keeping mechanical properties.
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6
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Sakhadeo NN, Patro TU. Exploring the Multifunctional Applications of Surface-Coated Polymeric Foams─A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nihar N. Sakhadeo
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411025, India
| | - T. Umasankar Patro
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411025, India
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Lin B, Yuen ACY, Chen TBY, Yu B, Yang W, Zhang J, Yao Y, Wu S, Wang CH, Yeoh GH. Experimental and numerical perspective on the fire performance of MXene/Chitosan/Phytic acid coated flexible polyurethane foam. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4684. [PMID: 33633219 PMCID: PMC7907131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries of two-dimensional transitional metal based materials have emerged as an excellent candidate for fabricating nanostructured flame-retardants. Herein, we report an eco-friendly flame-retardant for flexible polyurethane foam (PUF), which is synthesised by hybridising MXene (Ti[Formula: see text]) with biomass materials including phytic acid (PA), casein, pectin, and chitosan (CH). Results show that coating PUFs with 3 layers of CH/PA/Ti[Formula: see text] via layer-by-layer approach reduces the peak heat release and total smoke release by 51.1% and 84.8%, respectively. These exceptional improvements exceed those achieved by a CH/Ti[Formula: see text] coating. To further understand the fundamental flame and smoke reduction phenomena, a pyrolysis model with surface regression was developed to simulate the flame propagation and char layer. A genetic algorithm was utilised to determine optimum parameters describing the thermal degradation rate. The superior flame-retardancy of CH/PA/Ti[Formula: see text] was originated from the shielding and charring effects of the hybrid MXene with biomass materials containing aromatic rings, phenolic and phosphorous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Timothy Bo Yuan Chen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Bin Yu
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 23061, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yin Yao
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shuying Wu
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Chun Hui Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Guan Heng Yeoh
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
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8
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Effects of Graphite Oxide Nanoparticle Size on the Functional Properties of Layer-by-Layer Coated Flexible Foams. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020266. [PMID: 33498492 PMCID: PMC7909570 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of self-assembled coatings comprising graphite oxide (GO) nanoplates has been recently demonstrated as a promising route to improve the fire safety of flexible polyurethane (PU) foams. However, limited knowledge has been gathered on the correlations between the physical and chemical properties of different GO grades and the performance obtained in this application. This work addresses the effects of the nanoparticle dimensions on the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly and flame-retardant properties of GO-based coatings deposited on PU foams. To this aim, three GO bearing different lateral sizes and thicknesses were selected and LbL-assembled with chitosan (CHIT). Coating growth and morphology were evaluated by FTIR and FESEM, respectively. The resulting CHIT/GO assemblies were demonstrated to be capable of slowing down the combustion of the PU both in flammability and forced combustion tests. In addition, compressive stress/strain tests pointed out that the LbL-coated foams (22-24 kg/m3) could easily replace denser commercial PU foam (40-50 kg/m3) with weight reduction potentials in the transport field. These results are correlated with the properties of the employed GO. The production of assemblies characterized by a high density of CHIT/GO interfaces is identified as the main parameter controlling the FR efficiency and the mechanical properties of the coatings.
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Exceptionally flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites: synergistic effect of the silicone resin/graphene oxide coating. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-1988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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10
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Nabipour H, Wang X, Song L, Hu Y. A fully bio-based coating made from alginate, chitosan and hydroxyapatite for protecting flexible polyurethane foam from fire. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116641. [PMID: 32747276 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the successful synthesis of the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) through a fully bio-based coating. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is added to the solutions containing sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CH), respectively, to create negative and positive polyelectrolytes for Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly. The influence of the solution concentrations and bilayers numbers deposited on the flame-retardant and mechanical properties of FPUF samples is investigated systematically. Benefitting from the presence of such a fully bio-based coating, the resultant FPUF affords excellent smoke-suppressant and flame-retardant features. In particular, the FPUF coated by 9 bilayers of HAP-SA/HAP-CH exhibits significantly declined peak heat release rate, total release rate and smoke production release by 77.7 %, 56.5 % and 53.8 %, respectively. The compression test verifies the coated FPUFs exhibit lower recovery properties compared with the uncoated one. These results demonstrate that a green and cost-effective strategy is provided for producing flame-retardant, anti-dripping and smoke-suppressant FPUFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafezeh Nabipour
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
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11
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Lin B, Yuen ACY, Li A, Zhang Y, Chen TBY, Yu B, Lee EWM, Peng S, Yang W, Lu HD, Chan QN, Yeoh GH, Wang CH. MXene/chitosan nanocoating for flexible polyurethane foam towards remarkable fire hazards reductions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 381:120952. [PMID: 31400715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MXene/chitosan nanocoating for flexible polyurethane foam (PUF) was prepared via layer-by-layer (LbL) approach. MXene (Ti3C2) ultra-thin nanosheets were obtained through etching process of Ti3AlC2 followed by exfoliation. The deposition of MXene/chitosan nanocoating was conducted by alternatingly immersing the PUF into a chitosan solution and a Ti3C2 aqueous dispersion, which resulted in different number of bilayers (BL) ranging from 2, 5 and 8. Owing to the utilization of ultra-thin Ti3C2 nanosheets, the weight gain was only 6.9% for 8 BL coating of PUF, which minimised the unfavourable impact on the intrinsic properties of PUF. The Ti3C2/chitosan coating significantly reduced the flammability and smoke releases of PUF. Compared with unmodified PUF, the 8 BL coating reduced the peak heat release rate by 57.2%, alongside with a 65.5% reduction in the total heat release. The 8 BL coating also showed outstanding smoke suppression ability with total smoke release decreased by 71.1% and peak smoke production rate reduced by 60.3%, respectively. The peak production of CO and CO2 gases also decreased by 70.8% and 68.6%, respectively. Furthermore, an outstanding char formation performance of 37.2 wt.% residue was obtained for 8 BL coated PUF, indicating the excellent barrier and carbonization property of the hybrid coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ao Li
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Timothy Bo Yuan Chen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 88 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Eric Wai Ming Lee
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 88 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuhua Peng
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Hong-Dian Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Qing Nian Chan
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Guan Heng Yeoh
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun H Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Shi X, Yang P, Peng X, Huang C, Qian Q, Wang B, He J, Liu X, Li Y, Kuang T. Bi-phase fire-resistant polyethylenimine/graphene oxide/melanin coatings using layer by layer assembly technique: Smoke suppression and thermal stability of flexible polyurethane foams. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Chen P, Zhao Y, Wang W, Zhang T, Song S. Correlation of Montmorillonite Sheet Thickness and Flame Retardant Behavior of a Chitosan⁻Montmorillonite Nanosheet Membrane Assembled on Flexible Polyurethane Foam. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E213. [PMID: 30960197 PMCID: PMC6419025 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer⁻clay membranes constructed via the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, with a nanobrick wall structure, are known to exhibit high flame retardancy. In this work, chitosan⁻montmorillonite nanosheet (CH⁻MMTNS) membranes with different thickness of MMTNS were constructed to suppress the flammability of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam. It was found that a thinner MMTNS membrane was more efficient in terms of reducing the flammability of the FPU foam. This was because such MMTNS membrane could deposit cheek by jowl and form a dense CH⁻MMTNS membrane on the foam surface, thus greatly limiting the translation of heat, oxygen, and volatile gases. In contrast, a thicker MMTNS constructed a fragmentary CH⁻MMTNS membrane on the coated foam surface, due to its greater gravity and weaker electrostatic attraction of chitosan; thus, the flame retardancy of a thick MMTNS membrane was lower. Moreover, the finding of different deposition behaviors of MMTNS membranes with different thickness may suggest improvements for the application of clay with the LbL assembly technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yunliang Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shaoxian Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Pan Y, Ke K, Cheng L, Zhao H. Nano-Mg(OH)2 platelets coated flexible polyurethane foam for fast and environment-friendly removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solution. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2018.1542728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pan
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ke Ke
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lin Cheng
- New Power Engineering Company, PowerChina Fujian Enginerring Co., Ltd, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, PR China
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15
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Ghanadpour M, Carosio F, Ruda MC, Wågberg L. Tuning the Nanoscale Properties of Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibril-Based Thin Films To Achieve Highly Fire-Protecting Coatings for Flammable Solid Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:32543-32555. [PMID: 30148604 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin nanocomposite films were prepared by combining cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) prepared from phosphorylated pulp fibers (P-CNF) with montmorillonite (MMT), sepiolite (Sep) clay, or sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP). The flame-retardant and heat-protective capability of the prepared films as casings for a polyethylene (PE) film was investigated. Heating the coated PE in air revealed that the polymer film was thoroughly preserved up to at least 300 °C. The P-CNF/MMT coatings were also able to completely prevent the ignition of the PE film during cone calorimetry, but neither the P-CNF/Sep nor the P-CNF/SHMP coating could entirely prevent PE ignition. This was explained by the results from combined thermogravimetry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which showed that the P-CNF/MMT film was able to delay the release of PE decomposition volatiles and shift its thermal degradation to a higher temperature. The superior flame-retardant performance of the P-CNF/MMT films is mainly attributed to the unique compositional and structural features of the film, where P-CNF is responsible for increasing the char formation, whereas the MMT platelets create excellent barrier and thermal shielding properties by forming inorganic lamellae within the P-CNF matrix. These films showed a tensile strength of 304 MPa and a Young's modulus of 15 GPa with 10 wt % clay so that this composite film was mechanically stronger than the previously prepared CNF/clay nanopapers containing the same amount of clay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia , Politecnico di Torino, Sede di Alessandria , Viale Teresa Michel 5 , 15121 Alessandria , Italy
| | - Marcus C Ruda
- Cellutech AB , Greenhouse Laboratories , Teknikringen 38A , 114 28 Stockholm , Sweden
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Layer-by-layer assembly of efficient flame retardant coatings based on high aspect ratio graphene oxide and chitosan capable of preventing ignition of PU foam. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Zou Y, Fang L, Chen T, Sun M, Lu C, Xu Z. Near-Infrared Light and Solar Light Activated Self-Healing Epoxy Coating having Enhanced Properties Using MXene Flakes as Multifunctional Fillers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E474. [PMID: 30966508 PMCID: PMC6415427 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two issues are required to be solved to bring intrinsically self-healing polymer coatings into real applications: remote activation and satisfied practical properties. Here, we used MXene, a newly reported two-dimensional material, to provide an epoxy coating with light-induced self-healing capabilities and we worked to enhance the properties of that coating. The self-healing coatings had a reversible crosslinking network based on the Diels-Alder reaction among maleimide groups from bis(4-maleimidopheny)methane and dangling furan groups in oligomers that were prepared through the condensation polymerization of diglycidylether of bisphenol A and furfurylamine. The results showed that the delaminated MXene flakes were small in size, around 900 nm, and dispersed well in self-healing coatings. The MXene flakes of only 2.80 wt % improved greatly the pencil hardness of the coating hardness from HB to 5H and the polarization resistance from 4.3 to 428.3 MΩ cm-2. The self-healing behavior, however, was retarded by MXene flakes. Leveling agent acted a key part here to facilitate the gap closure driven by reverse plasticity to compensate for the limitation of macromolecular mobility resulting from the MXene flakes. The self-healing of coatings was achieved in 30 s by thermal treatment at 150 °C. The efficient self-healing was also demonstrated based on the recovery of the anti-corrosion capability. MXene flakes also played an evident photothermal role in generating heat via irradiation of near-infrared light at 808 nm and focused sunlight. The healing can be quickly obtained in 10 s under irradiation of near-infrared light at 808 nm having a power density of 6.28 W cm-2 or in 10 min under irradiation of focused sunlight having a power density of 4.0 W cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Liang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Tianqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Menglong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chunhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhongzi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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18
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Jiang SD, Tang G, Chen J, Huang ZQ, Hu Y. Biobased polyelectrolyte multilayer-coated hollow mesoporous silica as a green flame retardant for epoxy resin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:689-697. [PMID: 28910653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a multifunctional biobased polyelectrolyte multilayer-coated hollow mesoporous silica (HM-SiO2@CS@PCL) as a green flame retardant through layer-by-layer assembly using hollow mesoporous silica (HM-SiO2), chitosan (CS) and phosphorylated cellulose (PCL). The electrostatic interactions deposited the CS/PCL coating on the surface of HM-SiO2. Subsequently, this multifunctional flame retardant was used to enhance thermal properties and flame retardancy of epoxy resin. The addition of HM-SiO2@CS@PCL to the epoxy resin thermally destabilized the epoxy resin composite, but generated a higher char yield. Furthermore, HM-SiO2 played a critical role and generated synergies with CS and PCL to improve fire safety of the epoxy resin due to the multiple flame retardancy elements (P, N and Si). This multi-element, synergistic, flame-retardant system resulted in a remarkable reduction (51%) of peak heat release rate and a considerable removal of flammable decomposed products. Additionally, the incorporation of HM-SiO2@CS@PCL can sustainably recycle the epoxy resin into high value-added hollow carbon spheres during combustion. Therefore, the HM-SiO2@CS@PCL system provides a practical possibility for preparing recyclable polymer materials with multi-functions and high performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Dong Jiang
- Department of Fire Protection Engineering, Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, The Western Park of the Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory in Spatial Information Technology for High-speed Railway Safety, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Gang Tang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Department of Fire Protection Engineering, Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, The Western Park of the Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory in Spatial Information Technology for High-speed Railway Safety, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zheng-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, PR China
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19
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Yan H, Zhao L, Fang Z, Wang H. Construction of multilayer coatings for flame retardancy of ramie fabric using layer-by-layer assembly. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Yan
- Lab of Polymer Materials and Engineering; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University; Ningbo 315100
| | - Li Zhao
- Lab of Polymer Materials and Engineering; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University; Ningbo 315100
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027
| | - Zhengping Fang
- Lab of Polymer Materials and Engineering; Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University; Ningbo 315100
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027
| | - Hao Wang
- Centre for Future Materials; University of Southern Queensland; Toowoomba Queensland 4350 Australia
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20
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Kumar Kundu C, Wang W, Zhou S, Wang X, Sheng H, Pan Y, Song L, Hu Y. A green approach to constructing multilayered nanocoating for flame retardant treatment of polyamide 66 fabric from chitosan and sodium alginate. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 166:131-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Alongi J, Carosio F. All-Inorganic Intumescent Nanocoating Containing Montmorillonite Nanoplatelets in Ammonium Polyphosphate Matrix Capable of Preventing Cotton Ignition. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E430. [PMID: 30974707 PMCID: PMC6432209 DOI: 10.3390/polym8120430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present manuscript a new concept of completely inorganic intumescent flame retardant nanocoating comprised of sodium montmorillonite nanoplatelets embedded in an ammonium polyphosphate matrix has been investigated using cotton as model substrate. The coating, deposited by multistep adsorption from diluted water-based suspensions/solutions, homogenously cover each cotton fibers with average thicknesses below 50 nm and add-on up to 5% in weight. Combustion characterization evidences the interesting properties: indeed, the so-treated fabrics reached self-extinguishing during horizontal flame spread tests. Furthermore, when the coating add-on reaches 5%, no ignition has been observed during cone calorimetry tests under 35 kW/m² heat flux. Residue analyses pointed out the formation of an expanded all-inorganic coating capable of greatly improving char formation by exerting barrier function towards volatile release and heat transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Alongi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria site, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
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22
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Deng SB, Liao W, Yang JC, Cao ZJ, Wang YZ. Flame-Retardant and Smoke-Suppressed Silicone Foams with Chitosan-Based Nanocoatings. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bi Deng
- Center for Degradable and
Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key
Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering
Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Center for Degradable and
Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key
Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering
Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jun-Chi Yang
- Center for Degradable and
Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key
Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering
Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Cao
- Center for Degradable and
Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key
Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering
Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- Center for Degradable and
Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key
Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering
Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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23
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Ghanadpour M, Carosio F, Larsson PT, Wågberg L. Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibrils: A Renewable Nanomaterial for the Preparation of Intrinsically Flame-Retardant Materials. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3399-410. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento
di Scienza Applicata e Technologia, Politecnico di Torino, Sede di Alessandria, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Per Tomas Larsson
- Innventia AB, Drottning Kristinas
Väg 61, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Yang JC, Cao ZJ, Wang YZ, Schiraldi DA. Ammonium polyphosphate-based nanocoating for melamine foam towards high flame retardancy and anti-shrinkage in fire. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Guin T, Cho JH, Xiang F, Ellison CJ, Grunlan JC. Water-Based Melanin Multilayer Thin Films with Broadband UV Absorption. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:335-338. [PMID: 35596342 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural melanin is difficult to process due to its poor solubility and poorly understood structure. Synthetic melanin has been produced more recently, which is dispersible in mildly alkaline water and has many of the same properties of natural melanin. In this study, thin films of synthetic melanin and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) were deposited layer-by-layer from dilute aqueous solutions in ambient conditions. This is likely the first time melanin has been deposited from water to produce a functional nanocoating. These films display broadband UV light absorption, absorbing over 63% of incident light that is most damaging to human eyes with a thickness of 108 nm. In an effort to demonstrate the utility of these melanin-based nanocoatings, a 30 bilayer film is shown to increase the useful life of a conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) film by 550%. This novel method of depositing melanin should open the door to a variety of useful applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Guin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Fangming Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Jaime C. Grunlan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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26
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Layer-by-layer deposition of a TiO2-filled intumescent coating and its effect on the flame retardancy of polyamide and polyester fabrics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Pan H, Wang W, Pan Y, Song L, Hu Y, Liew KM. Formation of layer-by-layer assembled titanate nanotubes filled coating on flexible polyurethane foam with improved flame retardant and smoke suppression properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:101-111. [PMID: 25496211 DOI: 10.1021/am507045g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A fire blocking coating made from chitosan, titanate nanotubes and alginate was deposited on a flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam surface by a layer-by-layer assembly technique in an effort to reduce its flammability. First, titanate nanotubes were prepared by a hydrothermal method. And then the coating growth was carried out by alternately submerging FPU foams into chitosan solution, titanate nanotubes suspension and alginate solution. The mass gain of coating on the surface of FPU foams showed dependency on the concentration of titanate nanotubes suspension and the trilayers's number. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that titanate nanotubes were distributed well on the entire surface of FPU foam and showed a randomly oriented and entangled network structure. The cone calorimeter result indicated that the coated FPU foams showed reduction in the peak heat release rate (peak HRR), peak smoke production rate (peak SPR), total smoke release (TSR) and peak carbon monoxide (CO) production compared with those of the control FPU foam. Especially for the FPU foam with only 5.65 wt % mass gain, great reduction in peak HRR (70.2%), peak SPR (62.8%), TSR (40.9%) and peak CO production (63.5%) could be observed. Such a significant improvement in flame retardancy and the smoke suppression property for FPU foam could be attributed to the protective effect of titanate nanotubes network structure formed, including insulating barrier effect and adsorption effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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28
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Li YC, Yang YH, Shields JR, Davis RD. Layered double hydroxide-based fire resistant coatings for flexible polyurethane foam. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Pan Y, Zhan J, Pan H, Wang W, Ge H, Song L, Hu Y. A novel and effective method to fabricate flame retardant and smoke suppressed flexible polyurethane foam. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09553k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, magnesium hydroxide were successfully deposited on the surface of flexible polyurethane foam to suppress its flammability and smoke production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Jing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering
| | - Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety
| | - Hua Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety
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30
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Patra D, Vangal P, Cain AA, Cho C, Regev O, Grunlan JC. Inorganic nanoparticle thin film that suppresses flammability of polyurethane with only a single electrostatically-assembled bilayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16903-16908. [PMID: 25211181 DOI: 10.1021/am504455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to reduce the flammability of polyurethane foam, a thin film of renewable inorganic nanoparticles (i.e., anionic vermiculite [VMT] and cationic boehmite [BMT]) was deposited on polyurethane foam via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. One, two, and three bilayers (BL) of BMT-VMT resulted in foam with retained shape after being exposed to a butane flame for 10 s, while uncoated foam was completely consumed. Cone calorimetry confirmed that the coated foam exhibited a 55% reduction in peak heat release rate with only a single bilayer deposited. Moreover, this protective nanocoating reduced total smoke release by 50% relative to untreated foam. This study revealed that 1 BL, adding just 4.5 wt % to PU foam, is an effective and conformal flame retardant coating. These results demonstrate one of the most efficient and renewable nanocoatings prepared using LbL assembly, taking this technology another step closer to commercial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Patra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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31
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Jiang SD, Bai ZM, Tang G, Song L, Stec AA, Hull TR, Hu Y, Hu WZ. Synthesis of mesoporous silica@Co-Al layered double hydroxide spheres: layer-by-layer method and their effects on the flame retardancy of epoxy resins. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14076-14086. [PMID: 25062606 DOI: 10.1021/am503412y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical mesoporous silica@Co-Al layered double hydroxide (m-SiO2@Co-Al LDH) spheres were prepared through a layer-by-layer assembly process, in order to integrate their excellent physical and chemical functionalities. TEM results depicted that, due to the electrostatic potential difference between m-SiO2 and Co-Al LDH, the synthetic m-SiO2@Co-Al LDH hybrids exhibited that m-SiO2 spheres were packaged by the Co-Al LDH nanosheets. Subsequently, the m-SiO2@Co-Al LDH spheres were incorporated into epoxy resin (EP) to prepare specimens for investigation of their flame-retardant performance. Cone results indicated that m-SiO2@Co-Al LDH incorporated obviously improved fire retardant of EP. A plausible mechanism of fire retardant was hypothesized based on the analyses of thermal conductivity, char residues, and pyrolysis fragments. Labyrinth effect of m-SiO2 and formation of graphitized carbon char catalyzed by Co-Al LDH play pivotal roles in the flame retardance enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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32
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Mateos AJ, Cain AA, Grunlan JC. Large-Scale Continuous Immersion System for Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Flame Retardant and Conductive Nanocoatings on Fabric. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500122u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo J. Mateos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Amanda A. Cain
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jaime C. Grunlan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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33
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Hagen DA, Box C, Greenlee S, Xiang F, Regev O, Grunlan JC. High gas barrier imparted by similarly charged multilayers in nanobrick wall thin films. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Super oxygen barrier trilayer thin films have been deposited using two successive anionic layers of clay and polymer following every cationic polymer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Hagen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station, USA
| | - C. Box
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station, USA
| | - S. Greenlee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station, USA
| | - F. Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station, USA
| | - O. Regev
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev
- 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - J. C. Grunlan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
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