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Gui H, Zhao X, Zuo S, Liu W, Wang C, Xu P, Ding Y, Yao C. Carbonized Syndiotactic Polystyrene/Carbon Nanotube/MXene Hybrid Aerogels with Egg-Box Structure: A Platform for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Solar Thermal Energy Management. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39740-39751. [PMID: 37556599 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Functional materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding are a consistently hot topic in the booming communication engineering, proceeding the development that tends to the multifunctional EMI shielding materials. Herein, a series of carbonized syndiotactic polystyrene/carbon nanotube/MXene (CsPS/CNT/MXene) hybrid aerogels were fabricated for EMI shielding and solar thermal energy conversion purposes. To fabricate the hybrid aerogels, a porous CNT/MXene framework was initially prepared using freeze-casting. Subsequently, sPS was infused into the porous structure, followed by hyper-cross-linking and carbonization of sPS under an inert atmosphere. The resulting aerogels exhibited a distinctive egg-box structure, comprising numerous nanofibrous carbon microspheres embedded within the lamellar framework. The mass ratio between CNT and MXene was regulated to identify an optimum aerogel, that is, the CCM-4-6, which exhibited impressive properties including Young's compression modulus of 0.67 MPa, a water contact angle of 137.6 ± 4.1°, a specific surface area of 110 m2 g-1, an electrical conductivity of 43.0 S m-1, and an EMI SE value of 40 dB. Meanwhile, phase-change composites were fabricated through encapsulating paraffin wax within the hybrid aerogels. For the CCM-4-6 aerogel, a noteworthy encapsulation ratio was achieved at about 76.7%, along with remarkable latent heat, good thermal reliability, and commendable solar thermal energy conversion capacity. This study presents a facile route to prepare multifunctional EMI shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoguan Gui
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shixiang Zuo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chao Yao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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Mechanically Robust and Flexible GO/PI Hybrid Aerogels as Highly Efficient Oil Absorbents. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224903. [PMID: 36433030 PMCID: PMC9696896 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, mechanically robust and flexible graphene oxide/polyimide (GO/PI) hybrid aerogels (GIAs) were fabricated by a facile method, in which the mixed suspensions of the water-soluble polyimide precursor and graphene oxide (GO) sheets were freeze-dried, which was followed by a routine thermal imidation process. The porous GIAs obtained not only exhibit excellent elasticity and extremely low density values (from 33.3 to 38.9 mg.cm-3), but they also possess a superior compressive strength (121.7 KPa). The GIAs could support a weight of up to 31,250 times of its own weight, and such a weight-carrying capacity is much higher than that of other typical carbon-based aerogels. Having such a porous structure, and high strength and toughness properties make GIAs ideal candidates for oil spill cleanup materials. The oil/organic solvents' absorption capacity ranges from 14.6 to 85, which is higher than that of most other aerogels (sponges). With their broad temperature tolerance and acidic stability, the unique multifunctional GIAs are expected to further extend their application range into extreme environments.
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Jin C, Kulkarni A, Teo N, Jana SC. Fabrication of Pill-Shaped Polyimide Aerogel Particles Using Microfluidic Flows. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Jin
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 250 South Forge Street, Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Akshata Kulkarni
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 250 South Forge Street, Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Nicholas Teo
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 250 South Forge Street, Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Sadhan C. Jana
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 250 South Forge Street, Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
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Raut P, Yuan S, Miyoshi T, Jana SC. Effects of surface area and porosity on behavior of IL molecules in meso and macroporous polymeric networks. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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High positive temperature coefficient effect of resistivity in conductive polystyrene/polyurethane composites with ultralow percolation threshold of MWCNTs via interpenetrating structure. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rahimi A, Ziaie F, Sheikh N, Malekie S. Calorimetry System Based on Polystyrene/MWCNT Nanocomposite for Electron Beam Dosimetry: A New Approach. NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN RUSSIA 2020; 15:175-181. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995078020020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
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Gui H, Zhang T, Guo Q. Nanofibrous, Emulsion-Templated Syndiotactic Polystyrenes with Superhydrophobicity for Oil Spill Cleanup. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:36063-36072. [PMID: 31549499 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) monoliths with controllable shapes, nanofibrous structures, hierarchical pores, superhydrophobicity, high specific surface area, and high strength have been fabricated for the first time by solidifying nonaqueous high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) through crystallization-induced gelation. The nonaqueous HIPEs were formed by dispersing glycerol in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene stabilized by sulfonated sPS at a high temperature of 120 °C, and with sPS in the continuous phase, these HIPEs were solidified by cooling at room temperature to obtain sPS monoliths. The shapes of the sPS monoliths were controllable, and excitedly, nanofibrous structures were found at void walls, with fiber diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The sPS monoliths exhibited pores in different scales: emulsion-templated voids at nearly 10 μm with pore throats ranging from 1 to 2 μm and macropores and mesopores between nanofibers, enabling the monoliths to exhibit extremely high specific surface area of up to 420 m2·g-1. The porous sPS monoliths were robust, and they did not fail even at a compressive strain of 70%, with Young's moduli ranging from 157.7 to 2638.0 kPa. The monoliths were superhydrophobic and oleophilic, with water contact angles over 150° and with oils absorbed rapidly. The superhydrophobicity and oleophilicity enabled the porous sPS monoliths to absorb bulk oils on the water surface, underwater oils, and even oils within oil-in-water emulsions. The monoliths absorbed a large amount of organic solvents, edible oils, and fuel oils with equilibrium liquid uptakes up to 81.3, 44.4, and 41.9 g·g-1 for chloroform, olive oil, and diesel, respectively. The liquid absorption was rapid, and the monoliths exhibited a relatively high reusability. These porous sPS monoliths were demonstrated to be a candidate for the applications of oil/water separation and/or oil spill cleanup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoguan Gui
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Locked Bag 20000 , Geelong 3220 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Locked Bag 20000 , Geelong 3220 , Victoria , Australia
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Daniel C, Antico P, Guerra G. Etched Fibers of Syndiotactic Polystyrene with Nanoporous-Crystalline Phases. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Daniel
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Pasqualmorica Antico
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Gaetano Guerra
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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11
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Chen J, Liu B, Gao X, Xu D. A review of the interfacial characteristics of polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28048-28085. [PMID: 35542749 PMCID: PMC9083916 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of recent advances in research on the interfacial characteristics of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites. The state of knowledge about the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes as well as the interaction at the interface between the carbon nanotube and the polymer matrix is presented. The primary focus of this paper is on identifying the fundamental relationship between nanocomposite properties and interfacial characteristics. The progress, remaining challenges, and future directions of research are discussed. The latest developments of both microscopy and scattering techniques are reviewed, and their respective strengths and limitations are briefly discussed. The main methods available for the chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes are summarized, and particular interest is given to evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. The critical issues related to the interaction at the interface are discussed, and the important techniques for improving the properties of carbon nanotube–polymer nanocomposites are introduced. Additionally, the mechanism responsible for the interfacial interaction at the molecular level is briefly described. Furthermore, the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposites are discussed separately, and their influencing factors are briefly introduced. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities for efficiently translating the remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes to polymer matrices are summarized in the hopes of facilitating the development of this emerging area. Potential topics of oncoming focus are highlighted, and several suggestions concerning future research needs are also presented. The state of research on the characteristics at the interface in polymer nanocomposites is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the recent advances in the fundamental relationship between interfacial characteristics and nanocomposite properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Baofang Liu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Xuhui Gao
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Deguang Xu
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
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12
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Zhai C, Jana SC. Tuning Porous Networks in Polyimide Aerogels for Airborne Nanoparticle Filtration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30074-30082. [PMID: 28806054 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of monolithic polyimide aerogels as filter media for removal of airborne nanoparticles was investigated in this work by considering two solvents, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformamide (DMF) for tuning of meso- and macropore content. Polyimide gels were synthesized from the chemical reactions between solutions of pyromellitic dianhydride, 2,2'-dimethylbenzidine, and 1, 3, 5-triaminophenoxylbenzene. The gels were dried via supercritical drying in CO2 to obtain the aerogels. The porosity of polyimide aerogels was varied by changing the initial concentration of the solids in the solutions in the range of 2.5-10 wt %. The resulting aerogels show high porosity (91-98%), high specific surface area (473-953 m2/g), low bulk density (0.025-0.12 g/cm3), and solvent dependent macro- and mesopore content. The monoliths with bulk density of >0.05 g/cm3 produced high values of nanoparticle filtration efficiency (>99.95%) with air permeability of the order of 10-10 m2. A strong proportional relationship was observed between the macropore content and air permeability and between the mesopore content and high filtration efficiency. Specimens prepared in DMF and NMP offered the same level of filtration efficiency, but the former provided a factor of 2 higher air permeability due to much greater proportion of macropores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhai
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Sadhan C Jana
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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13
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Talley SJ, AndersonSchoepe CL, Berger CJ, Leary KA, Snyder SA, Moore RB. Mechanically robust and superhydrophobic aerogels of poly(ether ether ketone). POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Viggiano RP, Williams JC, Schiraldi DA, Meador MAB. Effect of Bulky Substituents in the Polymer Backbone on the Properties of Polyimide Aerogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8287-8296. [PMID: 28186399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With unique advantages over inorganic aerogels including higher strengths and compressive moduli, greater toughness, and the ability to be fabricated as a flexible thin film, polymer aerogels have the potential to supplant inorganic aerogels in numerous applications. Among polymer aerogels, polyimide aerogels possess a high degree of high thermal stability as well as outstanding mechanical properties. However, while the onset of thermal decomposition for these materials is typically very high (greater than 500 °C), the polyimide aerogels undergo dramatic thermally induced shrinkage at temperatures well below their glass transition (Tg) or decomposition temperature, which limits their use. In this study, we show that shrinkage is reduced when a bulky moiety is incorporated in the polymer backbone. Twenty different formulations of polyimide aerogels were synthesized from 3,3,'4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and 4,4'-oxidianiline (ODA) or a combination of ODA and 9,9'-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene (BAPF) and cross-linked with 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (BTC) in a statistically designed study. The polymer concentration, n-value, and molar concentration of ODA and BAPF were varied to demonstrate the effect of these variables on certain properties. Samples containing BAPF showed a reduction in shrinkage by as much as 50% after aging at elevated temperatures for 500 h compared to those made with ODA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco P Viggiano
- NASA Glenn Research Center , 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United States
| | - Jarrod C Williams
- NASA Glenn Research Center , 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United States
| | - David A Schiraldi
- Case Western Reserve University , 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Mary Ann B Meador
- NASA Glenn Research Center , 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United States
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16
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Kim SJ, Raut P, Jana SC, Chase G. Electrostatically Active Polymer Hybrid Aerogels for Airborne Nanoparticle Filtration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6401-6410. [PMID: 28177211 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of electrostatic force on separation of airborne nanoparticles is evaluated in this work by considering a hybrid monolithic aerogel of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The sPS part accounts for open pore structures in the monolith, while the PVDF chains contribute spontaneous polarity for particle capture by the electrostatic force. The hybrid aerogels are fabricated by thermoreversible gelation of sPS from a solution with PVDF in tetrahydrofuran followed by supercritical drying of the gel. sPS is present as the δ-form clathrate crystalline phase and PVDF as α- and γ-form crystalline phases in the hybrid. The presence of PVDF induces significant static charges on the surfaces of hybrid aerogels. The filtration efficiency is determined by passing airborne NaCl nanoparticles with diameter in the range 25-150 nm through the filter media. The experimental data reveal that air permeability of the hybrid system (∼10-10 m2) is close to that of sPS monoliths. The hybrid materials show filtration efficiency ≥99.999% in comparison to 98.889% observed for a sPS monolith with the same solid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Prasad Raut
- Department of Polymer Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Sadhan C Jana
- Department of Polymer Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - George Chase
- Department of Polymer Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
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17
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Zhang B, Wu P, Zou H, Liu P. Morphology and properties of polyimide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite aerogels. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008317693072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polyimide (PI) aerogels are open-celled materials with high porosity, low density, excellent mechanical property and high thermal stability. Linear PI aerogels exhibit drastic shrinkage during the fabrication process. Cross-linked PI aerogels were usually fabricated by utilizing the costly cross-linking agents such as 1,3,5-triaminophenoxybenzene or octa-(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane. Herein, amino functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH2) were prepared by amidation reaction; PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels were fabricated by adding MWCNTs-NH2 to anhydride end-capped poly(amic acid) (PAA), chemical imidization of PAA and supercritical carbon dioxide drying. The microstructures, pore size, elastic modulus, thermal properties and other physical properties of the obtained PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels were investigated. The results showed that MWCNTs-NH2 could act as a cross-linker of PI because the amino groups of MWCNTs-NH2 could react with the terminal anhydride groups of PAA. With the addition of MWCNTs-NH2, the shrinkage of PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels decreased. The densities and Young’s moduli of PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels also decreased. The PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels had coralline-like structure with mesopores (average pore size: 11–20 nm). The PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels also exhibited decent thermal stability and thermal insulating property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huawei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Daniel C, Pellegrino M, Venditto V, Aurucci S, Guerra G. Nanoporous-crystalline poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)oxide (PPO) aerogels. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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19
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Alshrah M, Tran MP, Gong P, Naguib HE, Park CB. Development of high-porosity resorcinol formaldehyde aerogels with enhanced mechanical properties through improved particle necking under CO 2 supercritical conditions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 485:65-74. [PMID: 27649092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new high porosity resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogel with improved particle necking is presented in this work. This RF aerogel was developed under CO2 supercritical drying conditions without any structural shrinkage. The water content and the catalyst percentage were varied to modify the particles' nucleation and growth mechanisms and to control particle-particle connections. The nucleation mechanism solely dependent on the initial catalyst percentage; the number of nuclei increased with the catalyst percentage. However, the growth and connection of the particles dependent on both the water content and the catalyst percentage through their effect on the pH value. As the water content increased to have a larger void fraction, the pH value decreased. Consequently, the spherical growth of the particles became dominant and, thereby, the connection of the particles became more difficult. But as the catalyst percentage increased, the pH value increased, and the connection of the particles became facilitated with the formation of necks around the particles. As a result, the semi-fibril-like structure was developed with a high void fraction. A 30% increase in the structural elasticity and a very low thermal conductivity of 0.0249W/mK were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alshrah
- Microcellular Plastic Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Minh-Phuong Tran
- Microcellular Plastic Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Pengjian Gong
- Microcellular Plastic Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Hani E Naguib
- Smart and Adaptive Polymers & Composites Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Chul B Park
- Microcellular Plastic Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
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Kim SJ, Chase G, Jana SC. The role of mesopores in achieving high efficiency airborne nanoparticle filtration using aerogel monoliths. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Kaseem M, Hamad K, Ko YG. Fabrication and materials properties of polystyrene/carbon nanotube (PS/CNT) composites: A review. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Nguyen BN, Cudjoe E, Douglas A, Scheiman D, McCorkle L, Meador MAB, Rowan SJ. Polyimide Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baochau N. Nguyen
- Ohio Aerospace
Institute, 22800 Cedar Point Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44142, United States
| | - Elvis Cudjoe
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Anna Douglas
- NASA Glenn Research
Center, 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United States
| | - Daniel Scheiman
- Ohio Aerospace
Institute, 22800 Cedar Point Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44142, United States
| | - Linda McCorkle
- Ohio Aerospace
Institute, 22800 Cedar Point Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44142, United States
| | - Mary Ann B. Meador
- NASA Glenn Research
Center, 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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23
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Kim SJ, Chase G, Jana SC. Polymer aerogels for efficient removal of airborne nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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D’Aniello C, Daniel C, Guerra G. ε Form Gels and Aerogels of Syndiotactic Polystyrene. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502500n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta D’Aniello
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Christophe Daniel
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Gaetano Guerra
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biology and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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25
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Abstract
Mesoporous aerogels with narrow pore size distribution are synthesized in organic solvents and the effects of diamine structure on pore size evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Shinko
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Sadhan C. Jana
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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26
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Gu S, Li Z, Miyoshi T, Jana SC. Polybenzoxazine aerogels with controllable pore structures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02635k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybenzoxazine gelation is expedited in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid and the solid networks show strong dependence on the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlong Gu
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | | | - Sadhan C. Jana
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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27
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Joule heat dependence of dynamic tensile modulus of polyimide-vapor grown carbon fiber nanocomposites under applied electric field evaluated in terms of thermal fluctuation-induced tunneling effect. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Shen D, Liu J, Yang H, Yang S. Highly Thermally Resistant and Flexible Polyimide Aerogels Containing Rigid-rod Biphenyl, Benzimidazole, and Triphenylpyridine Moieties: Synthesis and Characterization. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dengxiong Shen
- Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jingang Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Haixia Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shiyong Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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29
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Wang X, Jana SC. Synergistic hybrid organic-inorganic aerogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6423-6429. [PMID: 23773123 DOI: 10.1021/am401717s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A class of inorganic-organic hybrid mesoporous aerogel structure was synthesized by growing gel in a gel. In Type 1, silica gels were grown inside the macropores of thermoreversible syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) gel, while Type 2 hybrid aerogels were obtained by thermoreversible gelation of sPS chains in the mesopores of preformed silica gel. The hybrid gels were converted into aerogels by exchanging the solvent with liquid carbon dioxide followed by supercritical drying. The hybrid aerogels presented cocontinuous networks of pearl-necklace silica particles and crystalline strands of sPS and exhibited the "petal effect" due to the presence of superhydrophobic sPS and hygroscopic silica. The compressive modulus and compressive strain show large enhancements over sPS and silica aerogels indicating synergy, although Type 1 hybrid aerogels were found to be more robust. The hybrid aerogels showed fast absorption and high absorption capacity for a representative hydrocarbon liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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30
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Longo S, Vitillo JG, Daniel C, Guerra G. Monolithic aerogels based on poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) and syndiotactic polystyrene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:5493-5499. [PMID: 23701278 DOI: 10.1021/am400592z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular sorption behavior of amorphous and semicrystalline samples based on poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPPO) has been compared. Fully amorphous PPPO powders, as obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction of concentrated solutions, present uptake of pollutants much higher than for commercial sorbent materials based on semicrystalline PPPO (Tenax TA). Robust monolithic aerogels with good handling characteristics can be easily obtained by solvent extraction by scCO2 from gels including PPPO blends with syndiotactic polystyrene (s-PS). These monolithic PPPO/s-PS aerogels present many advantages as sorbent materials with respect to both amorphous and semicrystalline PPPO powders. In fact, besides the obvious advantages in terms of easier and safer handling, the new monolithic aerogels present higher surface areas and equilibrium guest uptakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Longo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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31
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Daniel C, Longo S, Ricciardi R, Reverchon E, Guerra G. Monolithic Nanoporous Crystalline Aerogels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1194-207. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Daniel
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Units; Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo; 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Simona Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Units; Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo; 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Rosa Ricciardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Units; Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo; 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Ernesto Reverchon
- Department of Industrial Engineering; Università degli Studi di Salerno; via Ponte Don Melillo 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Gaetano Guerra
- Department of Chemistry and Biology and INSTM Research Units; Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo; 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
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32
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Chen Y, Lin B, Yang H, Sun Y, Zhang X. Dramatic enhancement of carbon nanotube dispersion in polyimide composites by a two-step amino functionalization approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Baoping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 China
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33
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Wang X, Jana SC. Tailoring of morphology and surface properties of syndiotactic polystyrene aerogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:5589-5598. [PMID: 23573990 DOI: 10.1021/la400492m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates a method for rendering syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) aerogels hydrophilic using polyethylene oxide (PEO) of different molecular weights. The highly porous sPS aerogels are inherently hydrophobic although applications involving absorption of moisture and removal of particulate solids may benefit from the high surface area of sPS aerogels provided some degree of hydrophilicity is induced in these materials. In this work, sPS gels are prepared by thermo-reversible gelation in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of PEO. The gels are dried under supercritical conditions to obtain aerogels. The aerogels are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen-adsorption porosimetry, helium pycnometry, and contact angle measurements. The data reveal that the pore structures and surface energy can be controlled by varying the concentration and molecular weight of PEO and using different cooling rates during thermo-reversible gelation. In the first case, sPS aerogels, aerogels containing PEO of a low molecular weight or low concentration show superhydrophobic surface presenting the "lotus effect". In the second case, PEO at a higher concentration or with higher molecular weight forms phase-separated domains yielding new hydrophilic macropores (>10 μm) in the aerogel structures. These macropores contribute to the superhydrophobic surface with the "petal effect". The cooling rate during gelation shows a strong influence on these two cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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